2002年12月大学英语六级CET6真题及答案

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2002年12月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷

2002年12月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷试卷一Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the question will be spoken only once. After eachquestion there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrough the centre.Example:You will hear:You will read:A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two are talking about some work. They will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D)“5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) It has nothing to do with the Internet.B) She needs another week to get it ready.C) It contains some valuable ideas.D) It’s far from being ready yet.2. A) The woman is strict with her employees.B) The man always has excuses for being late.C) The woman is a kind-hearted boss.D) The man’s alarm clock didn’t work that morning.3. A) The woman should try her luck in the bank nearby.B) The bank around the corner is not open today.C) The woman should use dollars instead of pounds.D) The bank near the railway station closes late.4. A) Make an appointment with Dr. Chen.B) Call again some time later.C) Wait for about three minutes.D) Try dialing the number again.5. A) He is sure they will succeed in the next test.B) He did no better than the woman in the test.C) He believes she will pass the test this time.D) He felt upset because of her failure.6. A) The woman has to attend a summer course to graduate.B) The man thinks the woman can earn the credits.C) The woman is begging the man to let her pass the exam.D) The woman is going to graduate from summer school.7. A) Fred is planning a trip to Canada.B) Fred usually flies to Canada with Jane.C) Fred persuaded Jane to change her mind.D) Fred likes the beautiful scenery along the way to Canada.8. A) Hang some pictures for decoration.B) Find room for the paintings.C) Put more coats of paint on the wall.D) Paint the walls to match the furniture.9. A) He’ll give a lecture on drawing.B) He doesn’t mind if the woman goes to the lecture.C) He’d rather not go to the lecture.D) He’s going to attend the lecture.10. A) Selecting the best candidate.B) Choosing a campaign manager.C) Trying to persuade the woman to vote for him.D) Running for chairman of the student union.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) To study the problems of local industries.B) To find ways to treat human wastes.C) To investigate the annual catch of fish in the Biramichi River.D) To conduct a study on fishing in the Biramichi River.12. A) Lack of oxygen.B) Overgrowth of water plants.C) Low water level.D) Serious pollution upstream.13. A) They’ll be closed down.B) They’re going to dismiss some of their employees.C) They’ll be moved to other places.D) They have no money to build chemical treatment plants.14. A) Because there were fewer fish in the river.B) Because over-fishing was prohibited.C) Because the local Chamber of Commerce tried preserve fishes.D) Because the local fishing cooperative decided to reduce its catch.Passage TwoQuestions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.15. A) Oral instructions recorded on a tape.B) A brief letter sealed in an envelope.C) A written document of several pages.D) A short note to their lawyer.16. A) Refrain from going out with men for five years.B) Stop wearing any kind of fashionable clothes.C) Bury the dentist with his favorite car.D) Visit his grave regularly for five years.17. A) Because he was angry with his selfish relatives.B) Because he was just being humorous.C) Because he was not a wealthy man.D) Because he wanted to leave his body for medical purposes.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) They thought it quite acceptable.B) They believed it to be a luxury.C) They took it to be a trend.D) They considered it avoidable.19. A) Critical.B) Serious.C) Sceptical.D) Casual.20. A) When people consider marriage an important part of their lives.B) When the costs of getting a divorce become unaffordable.C) When the current marriage law is modified.D) When husband and wife understand each other better.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and markthe corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Bill Gates, the billionaire Microsoft chairman without a single earned university degree, is by his success raising new doubts about the worth of the business world’s favorite academic title: the MBA (Master of Business Administration).The MBA, a 20th-century product, always has borne the mark of lowly commerce and greed (贪婪) on the tree-lined campuses ruled by purer disciplines such as philosophy and literature.But even with the recession apparently cutting into the hiring of business school graduates, about 79,000 people are expected to receive MBAs in 1993. This is nearly 16 times the number of business graduates in 1960, a testimony to the wide spread assumption that the MBA is vital for young men and women who want to run companies some day.“If you are going into the corporate world it is still a disadvantage not to have one,” said Donald Morrison, professor of marketing and management science. “But in the last five years or so, when someone says, ‘Should I attempt to get an MBA,’ the answer a lot more is: It depends.”The success of Bill Gates and other non-MBAs, such as the late Sam Walton of Wal-Mart Stores Inc., has helped inspire self-conscious debates on business school campuses over the worth of a business degree and whether management skills can be taught.The Harvard Business Review printed a lively, fictional exchange of letters to dramatize complaints about business degree holders.The article called MBA hires “extremely disappointing” and said “MBAs want to move up too fast, they don’t understand politics and people, and they aren’t able to function as part of a team until their third year. But by then, they’re out looking for other jobs.”The problem, most participants in the debate acknowledge, is that the MBA has acquired an aura (光环) of future riches and power far beyond its actual importance and usefulness.Enrollment in business schools exploded in the 1970s and 1980s and created the assumption that no one who pursued a business career could do without one. The growth was fueled by a backlash (反冲) against the anti-business values of the 1960s and by the women’s movement.Business people who have hired or worked with MBAs say those with the degrees of ten know how to analyze systems but are not so skillful at motivating people. “Th ey don’t get a lot of grounding in the people side of the business”, said James Shaffer, vice-president and principal of the Towers Perrin management consulting firm.21. According to Paragraph 2, what is the general attitude towards business oncampuses dominated by purer disciplines?A) Scornful.B) Appreciative.C) Envious.D) Realistic.22. It seems that the controversy over the value of MBA degrees had been fueled mainlyby ________.A) the complaints from various employersB) the success of many non-MBAsC) the criticism from the scientists of purer disciplinesD) the poor performance of MBAs at work23. What is the major weakness of MBA holders according to the Harvard BusinessReview?A) They are usually self-centered.B) They are aggressive and greedy.C) They keep complaining about their jobs.D) They are not good at dealing with people.24. From the passage we know that most MBAs ________.A) can climb the corporate ladder fairly quicklyB) quit their jobs once they are familiar with their workmatesC) receive salaries that do not match their professional trainingD) cherish unrealistic expectations about their future25. What is the passage mainly about?A) Why there is an increased enrollment in MBA programs.B) The necessity of reforming MBA programs in business schools.C) Doubts about the worth of holding an MBA degree.D) A debate held recently on university campuses.Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.When school officials in Kalkaska, Michigan, closed classes last week, the media flocked to the story, portraying the town’s 2,305 students as victims of stingy (吝啬的) taxpayers. There is some truth to that; the property-tax rate here is one-third lower than the state average. But shutting their schools also allowed Kalkask’s educators and the state’s largest teachers’ union, the Michigan Education Association, to make a political point. Their aim was to spur passage of legislation Michigan lawmakers are debating to increase the state’s share of school funding.It was no coincidence that Kalkaska shut its schools two weeks after residents rejected a 28 percent property-tax increase. The school board argued that without the increase it lacked the $1.5 million needed to keep schools open.But the school system had not done all it could to keep the schools open. Officialsdeclined to borrow against next year’s state aid, they refused to trim extra curricular activities and they did not consider seeking a smaller—perhaps more acceptable—tax increase. In fact, closing early is costing Kalkaska a significant amount, including $600,000 in unemployment payments to teachers and staff and $250,000 in lost state aid. In February, the school system promised teachers and staff two months of retirement payments in case schools closed early, a deal that will cost the district $275,000 more.Other signs suggest school authorities were at least as eager to make a political statement as to keep schools open. The Michigan Education Association hired a public relations firm to stage a rally marking the school closing, which attracted 14 local and national television stations and networks. The president of the National Education Association, the MEA’s parent organization, flew from Washington, D. C., for the event. And the union tutored school officials in the art of television interviews. School supervisor Doyle Disbrow acknowledges the district could have kept schools open by cutting programs but denies the moves were politically motivated.Michigan lawmakers have reacted angrily to the closings. The state Senate has al ready voted to put the system into receivership (破产管理) and reopen schools immediately; the Michigan House plans to consider the bill this week.26. We learn from the passage that schools in Kalkaska, Michigan, are funded________.A) by both the local and state governmentsB) exclusively by the local governmentC) mainly by the state governmentD) by the National Education Association27. One of the purposes for which school officials closed classes was ________.A) to avoid paying retirement benefits to teachers and staffB) to draw the attention of local taxpayers to political issuesC) to make the financial difficulties of their teachers and staff known to the publicD) to pressure Michigan lawmakers into increasing state funds for local schools28. The author seems to disapprove of ________.A) the Michigan lawmakers’ endless debatingB) the shutting of schools in KalkaskaC) the involvement of the mass mediaD) delaying the passage of the school funding legislation29. We learn from the passage that school authorities in Kalkaska are concerned about________.A) a raise in the property-tax rate in MichiganB) reopening the schools there immediatelyC) the attitude of the MEA’s parent organizationD) making a political issue of the closing of the schools30. According to the passage, the closing of the schools developed into a crisis becauseof ________.A) the complexity of the problemB) the political motives on the part of the educatorsC) the weak response of the state officialsD) the strong protest on the part of the students’ parentsPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.German Chancellor (首相) Otto V on Bismarck may be most famous for his military and diplomatic talent, but his legacy (遗产) includes many of today’s social insurance programs. During the middle of the 19th century, Germany, along with other European nations, experienced an unprecedented rash of workplace deaths and accidents as a result of growing industrialization. Motivated in part by Christian compassion (怜悯) for the helpless as well as a practical political impulse to undercut the support of the socialist labor movement, Chancellor Bismarck created the world’s first workers’compensation law in 1884.By 1908, the United States was the only industrial nation in the world that lacked workers’ compensation insurance. America’s injured workers could sue for damages in a court of law, but they still faced a number of tough legal barriers. For example, employees had to prove that their injuries directly resulted from employer negligence and that they themselves were ignorant about potential hazards in the workplace. The first state workers’ compensation law in this country passed in 1911, and the program soon spread throughout the nation.After World War II, benefit payments to American workers did not keep up with the cost of living. In fact, real benefit levels were lower in the 1970s than they were in the 1940s, and in most states the maximum benefit was below the poverty level for a family of four. In 1970, President Richard Nixon set up a national commission to study the problems of workers’compensation. Two years later, the commission issued 19 key recommendations, including one that called for increasing compensation benefit levels to 100 percent of the states’ average weekly wages.In fact, the average compensation benefit in America has climbed from 55 percent of the states’average weekly wages in 1972 to 97 percent today. But, as most studies show, every 10 percent increase in compensation benefits results in a 5 per cent increase in the numbers of workers who file for claims. And with so much more money floating in the workers’compensation system, it’s not surprising that doctors and lawyers have helped themselves to a large slice of the growing pie.31. The world’s first workers’compensation law was introduced by Bismarck________.A) to make industrial production saferB) to speed up the pace of industrializationC) out of religious and political considerationsD) for fear of losing the support of the socialist labor movement32. We learn from the passage that the process of industrialization in Europe ________.A) was accompanied by an increased number of workshop accidentsB) resulted in the development of popular social insurance programsC) required workers to be aware of the potential dangers at the workplaceD) met growing resistance from laborers working at machines33. One of the problems the American injured workers faced in getting compensation inthe early 19th century was that ________.A) they had to have the courage to sue for damages in a court of lawB) different states in the U.S. had totally different compensation programsC) America’s average compensation benefit was much lower than the cost of livingD) they had to produce evidence that their employers were responsible for theaccident34. After 1972 workers’ compensation insurance in the U.S. became more favorable toworkers so that ________.A) the poverty level for a family of four went up drasticallyB) there were fewer legal barriers when they filed for claimsC) the number of workers suing for damages increasedD) more money was allocated to their compensation system35. The author ends the passage with the implication that ________.A) compensation benefits in America are soaring to new heightsB) the workers are not the only ones to benefit from the compensation systemC) people from all walks of life can benefit from the compensation systemD) money floating in the compensation system is a huge drain on the U.S. economyPassage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Early in the age of affluence (富裕) that followed World War II, an American retailing analyst named Victor Lebow proclaimed, “Our enormously productiveeconomy... We need things consumed, burned up, worn out, replaced and discarded at an ev er increasing rate.”Americans have responded to Lebow’s call, and much of the world has followed.Consumption has become a central pillar of life in industrial lands and is even embedded in social values. Opinion surveys in the world’s two largest economies—Japan and the United States—show consumerist definitions of success becoming ever prevalent.Overconsumption by the world’s fortunate is an environmental problem unmatched in severity by anything but perhaps population growth. Their surging exploitation of resources threatens to exhaust or unalterably spoil forests, soils, water, air and climate.Ironically, high consumption may be a mixed blessing in human terms, too. The time-honored values of integrity of character, good work, friendship, family and community have often been sacrificed in the rush to riches.Thus many in the industrial lands have a sense that their world of plenty is somehow hollow—that, misled by a consumerist culture, they have been fruitlessly attempting to satisfy what are essentially social, psychological and spiritual needs with material things.Of course, the opposite of over-consumption—poverty—is no solution to either environmental or human problems. It is infinitely worse for people and bad for the natural world too.Dispossessed (被剥夺得一无所有的) peasants slash-and-burn their way into the rain forests of Latin America, and hungry nomads (游牧民族) turn their herds out onto fragile African grassland, reducing it to desert.If environmental destruction results when people have either too little or too much, we are left to wonder how much is enough. What level of consumption can the earth support? When does having more cease to add noticeably to human satisfaction?36. The emergence of the affluent society after World War II ________.A) gave birth to a new generation of upper class consumersB) gave rise to the dominance of the new egoismC) led to the reform of the retailing systemD) resulted in the worship of consumerism37. Apart from enormous productivity, another important impetus to high consumptionis ________.A) the conversion of the sale of goods into ritualsB) the people’s desire for a rise in their living standardsC) the imbalance that has existed between production and consumptionD) the concept that one’s success is measured by how much they consume38. Why does the author say high consumption is a mixed blessing?A) Because poverty still exists in an affluent society.B) Because moral values are sacrificed in pursuit of material satisfaction.C) Because overconsumption won’t last long due to unrestricted population growth.D) Because traditional rituals are often neglected in the process of modernization.39. According to the passage, consumerist culture ________.A) cannot thrive on a fragile economyB) will not aggravate environmental problemsC) cannot satisfy human spiritual needsD) will not alleviate poverty in wealthy countries40. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A) human spiritual needs should match material affluenceB) there is never an end to satisfying people’s material needsC) whether high consumption should be encouraged is still an issueD) how to keep consumption at a reasonable level remains a problemPart III Vocabulary (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that bestcompletes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single line through the centre.41. I have had my eyes tested and the report says that my ________ is perfect.A) outlookB) visionC) horizonD) perspective42. He was looking admiringly at the photograph published by Collins in ________with the Imperial Museum.A) collectionB) connectionC) collaborationD) combination43. In those days, executives expected to spend most of their lives in the same firm and,unless they were dismissed for ________, to retire at the age of 65.A) integrityB) denialC) incompetenceD) deduction44. Others viewed the finding with ________, noting that a cause-and-effectrelationship between passive smoking and cancer remains to be shown.A) optimismB) passionC) cautionD) deliberation45. The 1986 Challenger space-shuttle ________ was caused by unusually lowtemperatures immediately before the launch.A) expeditionB) controversyC) dismayD) disaster46. When supply exceeds demand for any product, prices are ________ to fall.A) timelyB) simultaneousC) subjectD) liable47. The music aroused an ________ feeling of homesickness in him.A) intentionalB) intermittentC) intenseD) intrinsic48. I bought an alarm clock with a(n) ________ dial, which can be seen clearly in thedark.A) supersonicB) luminousC) audibleD) amplified49. The results are hardly ________; he cannot believe they are accurate.A) credibleB) contraryD) crucial50. This new laser printer is ________ with all leading software.A) comparableB) competitiveC) compatibleD) cooperative51. The ball ________ two or three times before rolling down the slope.A) swayedB) bouncedC) hoppedD) darted52. He raised his eyebrows and stuck his head forward and ________ it in a single nod,a gesture boys used then for O.K. when they were pleased.A) shruggedB) tuggedC) jerkedD) twisted53. Many types of rock are ________ from volcanoes as solid, fragmentary material.A) flungB) propelledC) ejectedD) injected54. With prices ________ so much, it is difficult for the school to plan a budget.A) vibratingB) fluctuatingC) flutteringD) swinging55. The person who ________ this type of approach for doing research deserves ourpraise.A) originatedB) speculatedD) manufactured56. ________ that the demand for power continues to rise at the current rate, it will notbe long before traditional sources become inadequate.A) ConcerningB) AscertainingC) AssumingD) Regarding57. Her jewelry ________ under the spotlights and she became the dominant figure atthe ball.A) glaredB) glitteredC) blazedD) dazzled58. Connie was told that if she worked too hard, her health would ________.A) deteriorateB) descendC) degradeD) decay59. We find that some birds ________ twice a year between hot and cold countries.A) transferB) commuteC) migrateD) emigrate60. As visiting scholars, they willingly ________ to the customs of the country they livein.A) submitB) conformC) subjectD) commit61. More than 85 percent of French Canada’s population speaks French as mothertongue and ________ to the Roman Catholic faith.A) catersC) ascribesD) subscribes62. The professor foun d himself constantly ________ the question: “How could anyonedo these things?”A) presidingB) poringC) ponderingD) presuming63. Weeks ________ before anyone was arrested in connection with the bank robbery.A) terminatedB) elapsedC) overlappedD) expired64. In order to prevent stress from being set up in the metal, expansion joints are fittedwhich ________ the stress by allowing the pipe to expand or contra ct freely.A) relieveB) reconcileC) reclaimD) rectify65. How much of your country’s electrical supply is ________ from water power?A) deducedB) detachedC) derivedD) declined66. She has recently left a job and had helped herself to copies of the company’s clientdata, which she intended to ________ in starting her own business.A) dwell onB) come uponC) base onD) draw upon67. The glass vessels should be handled most carefully since they are ________.A) intricateC) subtleD) crisp68. Hill slopes are cleared of forests to make way for crops, but this only ________ thecrisis.A) acceleratesB) prevailsC) ascendsD) precedes69. He blew out the candle and ________ his way to the door.A) convergedB) gropedC) strivedD) wrenched70. Often such arguments have the effect of ________ rather than clarifying the issuesinvolved.A) obscuringB) prejudicingC) tacklingD) blockingPart IV Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked, A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You shouldchoose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.When women do become managers, do they bring a different style and different skills to the job? Are they better, or worse, managers than men? Are woman more highly motivated and __71__ than male managers?Some research __72__ the idea that woman bring different attitudes and skills to management jobs, such as greater __73__, an emphasis on affiliation and attachment, and a __74__ to bring emotional factors to bear __75__ making workplace decisions. These differences are __76__ to carry advantages for companies, __77__ they expand the range of techniques that can be used to __78__ the company manage its workforce __79__.A study commissioned by the International Women’s Forum __80__ a managementstyle used by some woman managers (and also by some men) that __81__ from the command and control style __82__ used by male managers.Using this “interactive leadership” approach, “women __83__ participation, share power and information, __84__ other people’s self-worth, and get others excited about their work. All these __85__ reflect their belief that allowing __86__ to contribute and to feel __87__ and important is a win-win __88__—good for the employees and the organization. The study’s director __89__ that “interactive leadership may emerge __90__ the management style of choice for many organizations.”71. A) confrontedB) commandedC) confinedD) committed72. A) supportsB) arguesC) opposesD) despises73. A) combinationB) cooperativenessC) coherenceD) correlation74. A) willingnessB) loyaltyC) sensitivityD) virtue75. A) byB) inC) atD) with76. A) disclosedB) watchedC) revisedD) seen77. A) therefore。

2002年6月大学英语六级CET6真题及答案

洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Example: You will hear:You will read:A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours”is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) Registering for courses.B) Buying a new computer.C) Getting directions.D) Studying sociology.2. A) The man will probably have to find a roommate.B) The man is unlikely to live in the suburbs.C) The man will probably have to buy a car.D) The man in unlikely to find exactly what he desires.3. A) Painting a picture.B) Hosting a program.C) Designing a studio.D) Taking a photograph.4. A) The woman doesn’t think it a problem to get her passport renewed.B) The woman has difficulty renewing her passport.C) The woman hasn’t renewed her passport yet.D) The woman’s passport is still valid.5. A) A prediction of the future of mankind.B) A new drug that may benefit mankindC) An opportunity for a good job.D) an unsuccessful experiment.6. A) A lesson requires students’active involvement.B) Students usually take an active part in a lecture.C) More knowledge is covered in a lecture.D) There is a larger group of people interested in lessons.7. A) Neither of their watches keeps good time.B) The woman’s watch stopped 3 hours ago.C) The man’s watch goes too fast.D) It’s too dark for the woman to read her watch.8. A) She’s proud of being able to do many things at the same time.B) She is sure to finish all the things in a few hours.C) She dreams of becoming a millionaire someday.D) She’s been kept extremely busy.9. A) He wants his students to be on time for class.B) He doesn’t allow his students to tell jokes in class.C) He is always punctual for his class.D) He rarely notices which students are late.10. A) He is nervous about the exam.B) He is looking for a job.C) He doesn’t dare to tell lies.D) He doesn’t know how to answer the questions.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage oneQuestion 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) She was bored with her idle life at home.B) She was offered a good job by her neighbour.C) She wanted to help with the family’s finances.D) Her family would like to see her more involved in social life.12. A) Doing housework.B) Looking after her neighbour’s children.C) Reading papers and watching TV.D) Taking good care of her husband.13. A) Jane got angry at Bill’s idle life.B) Bill failed to adapt to the new situation.C) Bill blamed Jane for neglecting the family.D) The children were not taken good care of.14. A) Neighbours should help each other.B) Women should have their own careers.C) Man and wife should share household duties.D) Parents should take good care of their children.Passage TwoQuestions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.15. A) To predict natural disasters that can cause vast destruction.B) To limit the destruction that natural disasters may cause.C) To gain financial support from the United Nations.D) To propose measures to hold back natural disasters.16. A) There is still a long way to go before man can control natural disasters.B) International cooperation can minimize the destructive force of natural disasters.C) Technology can help reduce the damage natural disasters may cause.D) Scientists can successfully predict earthquakes.17. A) There were fatal mistakes in its design.B) The builder didn’t observe the building codes of the time.C) The traffic load went beyond its capacity.D) It was build according to less strict earthquake-resistance standards.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) By judging to what extent they can eliminate the risks.B) By estimating the possible loss of lives and property.C) By estimating the frequency of volcanic eruptions.D) By judging the possible risks against the likely benefits.19. A) One of Etna’s recent eruptions made many people move away.B) Etna’s frequent eruptions have ruined most of the local farmland.C) Etna’s eruptions are frequent but usually mild.D) There are signs that Etna will erupt again in the near future.20. A) They will remain where they are.B) They will leave this area for ever.C) They will turn to experts for advice.D) They will seek shelter in nearby regions.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Direction: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B) C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:When global warming finally came, it stuck with a vengeance (异乎寻常地). In some regions, temperatures rose several degrees in less than a century. Sea levels shot up nearly 400 feet, flooding coastal settlements and forcing people to migrate inland. Deserts spread throughout the world as vegetation shifted drastically in North America, Europe and Asia. After driving many of the animals around them to near extinction, people were forced to abandon their old way of life for a radically new survival strategy that resulted in widespread starvation and disease. The adaptation was farming: the global-warming crisis hat gave rise to it happened more than 10,000 years ago.As environmentalists convene in Rio de Janeiro this week to ponder the global climate of the future, earth scientists are in the midst of a revolution in understanding how climate has changed in the past —and how those changes have transformed human existence. Researchers have begun to piece together an illuminating picture of the powerful geological and astronomical forces that have combined to change the planet’s environment from hot to cold, wet to dry and back again over a time period stretching back hundreds of millions of years.Most important, scientists are beginning to realize that the climatic changes have had a major impact on the evolution of the human species. New research now suggests that climate shifts have played a key role in nearly every significant turning point in human evolution: from the dawn of primates (灵长目动物) some 65 million years ago to human ancestors rising up to walk on two legs, from the huge expansion of the human brain to the rise of agriculture. Indeed, the human history has not been merely touched by global climate change, some scientists argue, it has in some instances been driven by it.The new research has profound implications for the environmental summit in Rio. Among other things, the findings demonstrate that dramatic climate change is nothing new for planet Earth. The benign (宜人的) global environment that has existed over the past 10,000 years —during which agriculture, writing, cities and most other features of civilization appeared —is a mere bright spot in a much larger pattern of widely varying climate over the ages. In fact, the pattern of climate change in the past reveals that Earth’s climate will almost certainly go through dramatic changes in the future —even without the influence of human activity.21. Farming emerged as a survival strategy because man had been obliged ______.A) to give up his former way of lifeB) to leave the coastal areasC) to follow the ever-shifting vegetationD) to abandon his original settlement22. Earth scientists have come to understand that climate ______.A) is going through a fundamental changeB) has been getting warmer for 10,000 yearsC) will eventually change from hot to coldD) has gone through periodical changes23. Scientists believe that human evolution ______.A) has seldom been accompanied by climatic changesB) has exerted little influence on climatic changesC) has largely been effected by climatic changesD) has had a major impact on climatic changes24. Evidence of past climatic changes indicates that ______.A) human activities have accelerated changes of Earth’s environmentB) Earth’s environment will remain mild despite human interferenceC) Earth’s climate is bound to change significantly in the futureD) Earth’s climate is unlikely to undergo substantial changes in the future25. The message the author wishes to convey in the passage is that ______.A) human civilization remains glorious though it is affected by climatic changesB) mankind is virtually helpless in the face of the dramatic changes of climateC) man has to limit his activities to slow down the global warming processD) human civilization will continue to develop in spite of the changes of naturePassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:No woman can be too rich or too thin. This saying often attributed to the late Duchess (公爵夫人) of Windsor embodies much of the odd spirit of our times. Being thin is deemed as such a virtue.The problem with such a view is that some people actually attempt to live by it. I myself have fantasies of slipping into narrow designer clothes. Consequently, I have been on a diet for the better —or worse —part of my life. Being rich wouldn’t be bad either, but that won’t happen unless an unknown relative dies suddenly in some distant land, leaving me millions of dollars.Where did we go off the track? When did eating butter become a sin, and a little bit of extra flesh unappealing, if not repellent? All religions have certain days when people refrain from eating and excessive eating is one of Christianity’s seven deadly sins. However, until quite recently, most people had a problem getting enough to eat. In some religious groups, wealth was a symbol of probable salvation and high morals, and fatness a sign of wealth and well-being.Today the opposite is true. We have shifted to thinness as our new mark of virtue. The result is that being fat —or even only somewhat overweight —is bad because it implies a lack of moral strength.Our obsession (迷恋) with thinness is also fueled by health concerns. It is true that in this country we have more overweight people than ever before, and that, in many cases, being over-weight correlates with an increased risk of heart and blood vessel disease. These diseases, however, many have as much to do with our way of life and our high-fat diets as with excess weight. And the associated risk of cancer in the digestive system may be more of a dietary problem —too much fat and a lack of fiber —than a weight problem.The real concern, then, is not that we weigh too much, but that we neitherexercise enough nor eat well. Exercise is necessary for strong bones and both heart and lung health. A balanced diet without a lot of fat can also help the body avoid many diseases. We should surely stop paying so much attention to weight. Simply being thin is not enough. It is actually hazardous if those who get (or already are) thin think they are automatically healthy and thus free form paying attention to their overall life-style. Thinness can be pure vainglory (虚荣).26. In the eyes of the author, an odd phenomenon nowadays is that ______.A) the Duchess of Windsor is regarded as a woman of virtue.B) looking slim is a symbol of having a large fortuneC) being thin is viewed as a much desired qualityD) religious people are not necessarily virtuous27. Swept by the prevailing trend, the author ______.A) had to go on a diet for the greater part of her lifeB) could still prevent herself from going off the trackC) had to seek help from rich distant relativesD) had to wear highly fashionable clothes28. In human history, people’s views on body weight ______.A) were closely related to their religious beliefsB) changed from time to timeC) varied between the poor and the richD) led to different oral standards29. The author criticizes women’s obsession with thinness ______.A) from an economic and educational perspectiveB) from sociological and medical points of viewC) from a historical and religious standpointD) in the light of moral principles30. What’s the author’s advice to women who are absorbed in the idea of thinness?A) They should be more concerned with their overall lifestyle.B) They should be more watchful for fatal diseases.C) They should gain weight to look healthy.D) They should rid themselves of fantasies about designer clothes.Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:War may be a natural expression of biological instincts and drives toward aggression in the human species. Natural impulses of anger, hostility, and territoriality (守卫地盘的天性) are expressed through acts of violence. Theses are all qualities that humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate (天生的) survival mechanism, an instinct for self-preservation, that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to their existence. But, on the other hand, human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior. In the case of human aggression, violence cannot be simply reduced to an instinct. The many expressions of human violence arealways conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior. In human societies violence has a social function: It is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of social order. Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing the powers of violence. We will look at the ritual and ethical (道德上的) patterns within which human violence has been directed.The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law. The more developed a legal system becomes, the more society takes responsibility for the discovery, control, and punishment of violent acts. In most tribal societies the only means to deal with an act of violence is revenge. Each family group may have the responsibility for personally carrying out judgment and punishment upon the person who committed the offense. But in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomes depersonalized and diffused. The society assumes the responsibility for protecting individuals from violence. In cases where they cannot be protected, the society is responsible for imposing punishment. In a sate controlled legal system, individuals are removed from the cycle of revenge motivated by acts of violence, and the state assumes responsibility for their protection.The other side of a state legal apparatus is a state military apparatus. While the one protects the individual from violence, the other sacrifices the individual to violence in the interests of the state. In war the state affirms its supreme power over the individuals within its own borders. War is not simply a trial by combat to settle disputes between states; it is the moment when the state makes its most powerful demands upon its people for their recommitment, allegiance, and supreme sacrifice. Times of war test a community’s deepest religious and ethical commitments.31. Human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior in that ______.A) it threatens the existing social systemsB) it is influenced by societyC) it has roots in religious conflictsD) it is directed against institutions of law32. The function of legal systems, according to the passage, is ______.A) to control violence within a societyB) to protect the world from chaosC) to free society from the idea of revengeD) to give the government absolute power33. What does the author mean by saying “…in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomes depersonalized an diffused”(Lines 5-6, Para. 2)A) Legal systems greatly reduce the possibilities of physical violence.B) Offenses against individuals are no longer judged on a personal basis.C) Victims of violence find it more difficult to take revenge.D) Punishment is not carried out directly by the individuals involved.34. The word “allegiance”(Line 5, Para. 3) is closest in meaning to ______.A) loyaltyB) objectiveC) survivalD) motive35. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A) Governments tend to abuse their supreme power in times of war.B) In times of war governments may extend their power across national borders.C) In times of war governments impose high religious and ethical standards on their people.D) Governments may sacrifice individuals in the interests of the state in times of war.Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:Researchers who are unfamiliar with the cultural and ethnic groups they are studying must take extra precautions to shed any biases they bring with them from their own culture. For example, they must make sure they construct measures that are meaningful for each of the cultural or ethnic minority groups being studied.In conducting research on cultural and ethnic minority issues, investigators distinguish between the emic approach and the etic approach. In the emic approach, the goal is to describe behavior in one culture or ethnic group in terms that are meaningful and important to the people in that culture or ethnic group, without regard to other cultures or ethnic groups. In the etic approach, the goal is to describe behavior so that generalizations can be made across cultures. If researchers construct a questionnaire in an emic fashion, their concern is only that the questions are meaningful to the particular culture or ethnic group being studied. If, however, the researchers construct a questionnaire in an etic fashion, they want to include questions that reflect concepts familiar to all cultures involved.How might the emic and etic approaches be reflected in the study of family processes? In the emic approach, the researchers might choose to focus only on middle-class White families, without regard for whether the information obtained in the study can be generalized or is appropriate for ethnic minority groups. In a subsequent study, the researchers may decide to adopt an etic approach by studying not only middle-class White families, but also lower-income White families, Black American families, Spanish American families, and Asian American families. In studying ethnic minority families, the researchers would likely discover that the extended family is more frequently a support system in ethnic minority families than in White American families. If so, the emic approach would reveal a different pattern of family interaction than would the etic approach, documenting that research with middle-class White families cannot always be generalized to all ethnic groups.36. According to the first paragraph, researchers unfamiliar with the target cultures are inclined to ______.A) be overcautious in constructing meaningful measuresB) view them from their own cultural perspectiveC) guard against interference from their own cultureD) accept readily what is alien to their own culture37. What does the author say about the emic approach and the etic approach?A) They have different research focuses in the study of ethnic issues.B) The former is biased while the latter is objective.C) The former concentrates on the study of culture while the latter on family issues.D) They are both heavily dependent on questionnaires in conducting surveys.38. Compared with the etic approach, the emic approach is apparently more ______.A) culturally interactiveB) culture-orientedC) culturally biasedD) culture-specific39. The etic approach is concerned with ______.A) the general characteristics of minority familiesB) culture-related concepts of individual ethnic groupsC) features shared by various cultures or ethnic groupsD) the economic conditions of different types of families40. Which of the following is true of the ethnic minority families in the U.S. according to the passage?A) Their cultural patterns are usually more adaptable.B) Their cultural concepts are difficult to comprehend.C) They don’t interact with each other so much as White families.D) They have closer family ties than White families.Part III V ocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions: There are 3.0. incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.41. It was ______ that the restaurant discriminated against black customers.A) addicted B) allegedC) assaulted D) ascribed42. The medicine ______ his pain but did not cure his illness.A) activated B) alleviatedC) medicated D) deteriorated43. He is the only people who can ______ in this case, because the other witnesses were killed mysteriously.A) testify B) chargeC) accuse D) rectify44. Professor Hawking is ______ as one of the world’s greatest living physicists.A) dignified B) clarifiedC) acknowledged D) illustrated45 The financial problem of this company is further ______ by the rise in interest rates.A) increased B) strengthenedC) reinforced D) aggravated46. We shall probably never be able to ______ the exact nature of these sub-atomic particles.A) assert B) impartC) ascertain D) notify47. All the people in the stadium cheered up when they saw hundreds of colourful balloons ______ slowly into the sky.A) ascending B) elevatingC) escalating D) lingering48. Many years had ______ before they returned to their original urban areas.A) floated B) elapsedC) skipped D) proceeded49. What you say now is not ______ with what you said last week.A) consistent B) persistentC) permanent D) insistent50. Military orders are ______ and cannot be disobeyed.A) defective B) conservativeC) alternative D) imperative51. Some educators try to put students of similar abilities into the same class because they believe this kind of ______ grouping is advisable.A) homogeneous B) instantaneousC) spontaneous D) anonymous52. Even sensible men do ______ things sometimes.A) abrupt B) absurdC) acute D) apt53. The commission would find itself ______ at every turn if its members couldn’t’reach an agreement.A) collided B) savagedC) crumbled D) hampered54. Grain production in the world is ______, but still millions go hungry.A) staggering B) shrinkingC) soaring D) suspending55. He developed a ______ attitude after years of frustration in his career.A) sneaking B) disgustedC) drastic D) cynical56. They believed that this was not the ______ of their campaign for equality but merely the beginning.A) climax B) summitC) pitch D) maximum57. Several guests were waiting in the ______ for the front door to open.A) porch B) ventC) inlet D) entry58. As the mountains were covered with a ______ of cloud, we couldn’t see theirtops.A) coating B) filmC) veil D) shade59. We couldn’t really afford to buy a house so we got it on hire purchase and paid monthly ______.A) investments B) requirementsC) arrangements D) installments60. The magician made us think he cut the girl into pieces but it was merely an ______.A) illusion B) impressionC) image D) illumination61. A good education is an ______ you can fall back on for the rest of your life.A) asset B) ethicC) inventory D) obligation62. Giving a gift can convey a wealth of meaning about your appreciation of their ______ and the importance you place upon the relationship.A) solidarity B) priorityC) superiority D) hospitality63. The designer has applied for a ______ for his new invention.A) tariff B) discountC) version D) patent64. The toy maker produces a ______ copy of the spaced station, exact in every detail.A) minimal B) minimumC) miniature D) minor65. An energy tax would curb ordinary air pollution, limit oil imports and cut the budget ______.A) disposition B) discrepancyC) defect D) deficit66. They have decided to ______ physical punishment in all local schools.A) put away B) break away fromC) do away with D) pass away67. Astronauts are ______ all kinds of tests before they are actually sent up in a spacecraft.A) inclined to B) subjected toC) prone to D) bound to68. Individual sports are run by over 370 independent governing bodies whose functions usually include ______ rules, holding events, selecting national teams and promoting international links.A) drawing on B) drawing inC) drawing up D) drawing down69. Up until that time, his interest had focused almost ______ on fully mastering the skills and techniques of his craft.A) restrictively B) radicallyC) inclusively D) exclusively70. All the ceremonies at the 2000 Olympic Games had a unique Australian flavor, ______ of their multicultural communities.A) noticeable B) indicativeC) conspicuous D) implicitPart IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (／) in the blank.Example:Television is rapidly becoming the literatures of our periods. 1. time/times/period Many of the arguments having used for the study of literature. 2. ／___________ As a school subject are valid for ∧study of television. 3. the___________A great many cities are experiencing difficulties whichare nothing new in the history of cities, except in their scale.Some cities have lost their original purpose and have not foundnew one. And any large or rich city is going to attract poor S1. __________immigrants, who flood in, filling with hopes of prosperity S2. __________which are then often disappointing. There are backward townson the edge of Bombay or Brasilia, just as though there were S3. __________on the edge of seventeenth-century London or early nine-teenth-century Paris. This is new is the scale. Descriptions S4. __________written by eighteenth-century travelers of the poor of MexicoCity, and the enormous contrasts that was to be found there, S5. __________are very dissimilar to descriptions of Mexico City today—the S6. __________ poor can still be numbered in millions.The whole monstrous growth rests on economic prosper-ity, but behind it lies two myths: the myth of the city as a S7. __________promised land, that attracts immigrants from rural poverty S8. __________and brings it flooding into city centers, and the myth of the S9. __________country as a Garden of Eden, which, a few generations late, S10. __________sends them flooding out again to the suburbs.Part V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: Student Use of Computers. You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:1. 上图所示为1990年、1995年、2002年某校大学生使用计算机的情况，请。

2002年1月12日大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷

2002年1月12日大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷试卷一Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the question will be spoken only once. After eachquestion there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrough the centre.Example:You will hear:You will read:A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two are talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) All the passengers were killed.B) The plane crashed in the night.C) No more survivors have been found.D) It’s too late to search for survivors.2. A) Its results were just as expected.B) It wasn’t very well designed.C) It fully reflected the students’ ability.D) Its results fell short of her expectations.3. A) He believes dancing is enjoyable.B) He definitely does not like dancing.C) He admires those who dance.D) He won’t dance until he has done his work.4. A) His computer doesn’t work well.B) He isn’t getting along with his staff.C) He didn’t register for a proper course.D) He can’t apply the theory to his program.5. A) Reading on the campus lawn.B) Depositing money in the bank.C) Applying for financial aid.D) Reviewing a student’s application.6. A) A new shuttle bus.B) A scheduled space flight.C) An airplane flight.D) The first space flight.7. A) The deadline is drawing near.B) She can’t meet the deadline.C) She turned in the proposals today.D) They are two days ahead of time.8. A) By going on a diet.B) By having fewer meals.C) By doing physical exercise.D) By eating fruit and vegetables.9. A) He enjoyed it as a whole.B) He didn’t think much of it.C) He didn’t like it at all.D) He liked some parts of it.10. A) It looks quite new.B) It needs to be repaired.C) It looks old, but it runs well.D) Its engine needs to be painted.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) Experience in negotiating.B) A high level of intelligence.C) The time they spend on preparation.D) The amount of pay they receive.12. A) Study the case carefully beforehand.B) Stick to a set target.C) Appear friendly to the other party.D) Try to be flexible about their terms.13. A) Make sure there is no misunderstanding.B) Try to persuade by giving various reasons.C) Repeat the same reasons.D) Listen carefully and patiently to the other party.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) They eat huge amounts of food.B) They usually eat twice a day.C) They usually eat to their hearts’ content.D) They eat much less than people assume.15. A) When it is breeding.B) When it feels threatened by humans in its territory.C) When its offspring is threatened.D) When it is suffering from illness.16. A) They are not as dangerous as people think.B) They can be as friendly to humans as dogs.C) They attack human beings by nature.D) They are really tame sea animals.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) Because people might have to migrate there someday.B) Because it is very much like the earth.C) Because it is easier to explore than other planets.D) Because its atmosphere is different from that of the earth.18. A) Its chemical elements must be studied.B) Its temperature must be lowered.C) Big spaceships must be built.D) Its atmosphere must be changed.19. A) It influences the surface temperature of Mars.B) It protects living beings from harmful rays.C) It keeps a planet from overheating.D) It is the main component of the air people breathe.20. A) Man will probably be able to live there in 200 years.B) Scientists are rather pessimistic about it.C) Man will probably be able to live there in 100,000 years’ time.D) Scientists are optimistic about overcoming the difficulties soon.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and markthe corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Navigation computers, now sold by most car-makers, cost $2,000 and up. No surprise, then, that they are most often found in luxury cars, like Lexus, BMW and Audi.But it is a developing technology—meaning prices should eventually drop—and the market does seem to be growing.Even at current prices, a navigation computer is impressive. It can guide you from point to point in most major cities with precise turn-by-turn directions—spoken by a clear human-sounding voice, and written on a screen in front of the driver.The computer works with an antenna (天线) that takes signals from no fewer than three of the 24 global positioning system (GPS) satellites. By measuring the time required for a signal to travel between the satellites and the antenna, the car’s location can be pinned down within 100 meters.The satellite signals, along with inputs on speed from a wheel-speed sensor and direction from a meter, determine the car’s position even as it moves. This information is combined with a map database. Streets, landmarks and points of interest are included.Most systems are basically identical. The differences come in hardware—the way the computer accepts the driver’s request for directions and the way it presents the driving instructions. On most systems, a driver enters a desired address, motorway junction or point of interest via a touch screen or disc. But the Lexus screen goes a step further: you can point to any spot on the map screen and get directions to it.BMW’s system offers a set of cross hairs (瞄准器上的十字纹) that can be moved across the map (you have several choices of map scale) to pick a point you’d like to get to. Audi’s screen can be switched to TV reception.Even the voices that recite the directions can differ, with better systems like BMW’s and Lexus’s having a wider vocabulary. The instructions are available in French, German, Spanish, Dutch and Italian, as well as English. The driver can also choose parameters for determining the route: fastest, shortest or no freeways (高速公路), for example.21. We learn from the passage that navigation computers ________.A) will greatly promote sales of automobilesB) may help solve potential traffic problemsC) are likely to be accepted by more driversD) will soon be viewed as a symbol of luxury22. With a navigation computer, a driver will easily find the best route to his destination________.A) by inputting the exact addressB) by indicating the location of his carC) by checking his computer databaseD) by giving vocal orders to the computer23. Despite their varied designs, navigation computers used in cars ________.A) are more or less the same priceB) provide directions in much the same wayC) work on more or less the same principlesD) receive instructions from the same satellites24. The navigation computer functions ________.A) by means of a direction finder and a speed detectorB) basically on satellite signals and a map databaseC) mainly through the reception of turn-by-turn directionsD) by using a screen to display satellite signals25. The navigation systems in cars like Lexus, BMW and Audi are mentioned to show________.A) the immaturity of the new technologyB) the superiority of the global positioning systemC) the cause of price fluctuations in car equipmentD) the different ways of providing guidance to the driverPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.“The world’s environment is surprisingly healthy. Discuss.”If that were an examination topic, most students would tear it apart, offering a long list of complaints: from local smog (烟雾) to global climate change, from the felling (砍伐) of forests to the extinction of species. The list would largely be accurate, the concern legitimate. Yet the students who should be given the highest marks would actually be those who agreed with the statement. The surprise is how good things are, not how bad.After all, the world’s population has more than tripled during this century, and world output has risen hugely, so you would expect the earth itself to have been affected. Indeed, if people lived, consumed and produced things in the same way as they did in 1900 (or 1950, or indeed 1980), the world by now would be a pretty disgusting place: smelly, dirty, toxic and dangerous.But they don’t. The reasons why they don’t, and why the environment has not been mined, have to do with prices, technological innovation, social change and government regulation in response to popular pressure. That is why, today’s environmental problems in the poor countries ought, in principle, to be solvable.Raw materials have not run out, and show no sign of doing so. Logically, one day they must: the planet is a finite place. Yet it is also very big, and man is very ingenious. What has happened is that every time a material seems to be running short, the price has risen and, in response, people have looked for new sources of supply, tried to find ways to use less of the material, or looked for a new substitute. For this reason prices for energy and for minerals have fallen in real terms during the century. The same is true forfood. Prices fluctuate, in response to harvests, natural disasters and political instability; and when they rise, it takes some time before new sources of supply become available. But they always do, assisted by new farming and crop technology. The long term trend has been downwards.It is where prices and markets do not operate properly that this benign (良性的) trend begins to stumble, and the genuine problems arise. Markets cannot always keep the environment healthy. If no one owns the resource concerned, no one has an interest in conserving it or fostering it: fish is the best example of this.26. According to the author, most students ________.A) believe the world’s environment is in an undesirable conditionB) agree that the environment of the world is not as bad as it is thought to beC) get high marks for their good knowledge of the world’s environmentD) appear somewhat unconcerned about the state of the world’s environment27. The huge increase in world production and population ________.A) has made the world a worse place to live inB) has had a positive influence on the environmentC) has not significantly affected the environmentD) has made the world a dangerous place to live in28. One of the reasons why the long-term trend of prices has been downwards is that________.A) technological innovation can promote social stabilityB) political instability will cause consumption to dropC) new farming and crop technology can lead to overproductionD) new sources are always becoming available29. Fish resources are diminishing because ________.A) no new substitutes can be found in large quantitiesB) they are not owned by any particular entityC) improper methods of fishing have mined the fishing groundsD) water pollution is extremely serious30. The primary solution to environmental problems is ________.A) to allow market forces to operate properlyB) to curb consumption of natural resourcesC) to limit the growth of the world populationD) to avoid fluctuations in pricesPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.About the time that schools and others quite reasonably became interested in seeing to it that all children, whatever their background, were fairly treated, intelligence testing became unpopular.Some thought it was unfair to minority children. Through the past few decades such testing has gone out of fashion and many communities have indeed forbidden it.However, paradoxically, just recently a group of black parents filed a lawsuit (诉讼) in California claiming that the state’s ban on IQ testing discriminates against their children by denying them the opportunity to take the test. (They believed, correctly, that IQ tests are a valid method of evaluating children for special education classes.) The judge, therefore, reversed, at least partially, his original decision.And so the argument goes on and on. Does it benefit or harm children from minority groups to have their intelligence tested? We have always been on the side of permitting, even facilitating, such testing. If a child of any color or group is doing poorly in school it seems to us very important to know whether it is because he or she is of low intelligence, or whether some other factor is the cause.What school and family can do to improve poor performance is influenced by its cause. It is not discriminative to evaluate either a child’s physical condition or his intellectual level.Unfortunately, intellectual level seems to be a sensitive subject, and what the law allows us to do varies from time to time. The same fluctuation back and forth occurs in areas other than intelligence. Thirty years or so ago, for instance, white families were encouraged to adopt black children. It was considered discriminative not to do so.And then the style changed and this cross-racial adopting became generally unpopular, and social agencies felt that black children should go to black families only. It is hard to say what are the best procedures. But surely good will on the part of all of us is needed.As to intelligence, in our opinion, the more we know about any child’s intellectual level, the better for the child in question.31. Why did the intelligence test become unpopular in the past few decades?A) Its validity was challenged by many communities.B) It was considered discriminative against minority children.C) It met with strong opposition from the majority of black parents.D) It deprived the black children of their rights to a good education.32. The recent legal action taken by some black parents in California aimed to________.A) draw public attention to IQ testingB) put an end to special educationC) remove the state’s ban on intelligence testsD) have their children enter white schools33. The author believes that intelligence testing ________.A) may ease racial confrontation in the United StatesB) can encourage black children to keep up with white childrenC) may seriously aggravate racial discrimination in the United StatesD) can help black parents make decisions about their children’s education34. The author’s opinion of child adoption seems to be that ________.A) no rules whatsoever can be prescribedB) white families should adopt black childrenC) adoption should be based on IQ test resultsD) cross-racial adoption is to be advocated35. Child adoption is mentioned in the passage to show that ________.A) good will may sometimes complicate racial problemsB) social surroundings are vital to the healthy growth of childrenC) intelligence testing also applies to non-academic areasD) American opinion can shift when it comes to sensitive issuesPassage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Not too many decades ago it seemed “obvious”both to the general public and to sociologists that modern society has changed people’s natural relations, loosened their responsibilities to kin (亲戚) and neighbors, and substituted in their place superficial relationships with passing acquaintances. However, in recent years a growing body of research has revealed that the “obvious” is not true. It seems that if you are a city resident, you typically know a smaller proportion of your neighbors than you do if you are a resident of a smaller community. But, for the most part, this fact has few significant consequences. It does not necessarily follow that if you know few of your neighbors you will know no one else.Even in very large cities, people maintain close social ties within small, private social worlds. Indeed, the number and quality of meaningful relationships do not differ between more and less urban people. Small-town residents are more involved with kin than are big-city residents. Yet city dwellers compensate by developing friendships with people who share similar interests and activities. Urbanism may produce a different style of life, but the quality of life does not differ between town and city. Nor are residents of large communities any likelier to display psychological symptoms of stress or alienation,a feeling of not belonging, than are residents of smaller communities. However, city dwellers do worry more about crime, and this leads them to a distrust of strangers.These findings do not imply that urbanism makes little or no difference. If neighbors are strangers to one another, they are less likely to sweep the sidewalk of an elderly couple living next door or keep an eye out for young trouble makers. Moreover, as Wirth suggested, there may be a link between a community’s population size and its social heterogeneity (多样性). For instance, sociologists have found much evidence that the size of a community is associated with bad behavior including gambling, drugs, etc. Large-city urbanites are also more likely than their small-town counterparts to have a cosmopolitan (见多识广者的) outlook, to display less responsibility to traditional kinship roles, to vote for leftist political candidates, and to be tolerant of nontraditional religious groups, unpopular political groups, and so-called undesirables. Everything considered, heterogeneity and unusual behavior seem to be outcomes of large population size.36. Which of the following statements best describes the organization of the firstparagraph?A) Two contrasting views are presented.B) An argument is examined and possible solutions given.C) Research results concerning the quality of urban life are presented in order oftime.D) A detailed description of the difference between urban and small-town life isgiven.37. According to the passage, it was once a common belief that urban residents________.A) did not have the same interests as their neighborsB) could not develop long-standing relationshipsC) tended to be associated with bad behaviorD) usually had more friends38. One of the consequences of urban life is that impersonal relationships amongneighbors ________.A) disrupt people’s natural relationsB) make them worry about crimeC) cause them not to show concern for one anotherD) cause them to be suspicious of each other39. It can be inferred from the passage that the bigger a community is, ________.A) the better its quality of lifeB) the more similar its interestsC) the more tolerant and open-minded it isD) the likelier it is to display psychological symptoms of stress40. What is the passage mainly about?A) Similarities in the interpersonal relationships between urbanites and small-towndwellers.B) Advantages of living in big cities as compared with living in small towns.C) The positive role that urbanism plays in modern life.D) The strong feeling of alienation of city inhabitants.Part III Vocabulary (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that bestcompletes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single line through the centre.41. The lady in this strange tale very obviously suffers from a serious mental illness.Her plot against a completely innocent old man is a clear sign of ________.A) impulseB) insanityC) inspirationD) disposition42. The Prime Minister was followed by five or six ________ when he got off theplane.A) laymenB) servantsC) directorsD) attendants43. There is no doubt that the ________ of these goods to the others is easy to see.A) prestigeB) superiorityC) priorityD) publicity44. All the guests were invited to attend the wedding ________ and had a very goodtime.A) feastB) congratulationsC) festivalD) recreation45. The price of the coal will vary according to how far it has to be transported and howexpensive the freight ________ are.A) paymentsB) chargesC) fundsD) prices46. The manager gave her his ________ that her complaint would be investigated.A) assuranceB) assumptionC) sanctionD) insurance47. Although the model looks good on the surface, it will not bear close ________.A) temperamentB) contaminationC) scrutinyD) symmetry48. We are doing this work in the ________ of reforms in the economic, social andcultural spheres.A) contextB) contestC) pretextD) texture49. While a full understanding of what causes the disease may be several years away,________ leading to a successful treatment could come much sooner.A) a distinctionB) a breakthroughC) an identificationD) an interpretation50. Doctors are often caught in a ________ because they have to decide whether theyshould tell their patients the truth or not.A) puzzleB) perplexityC) dilemmaD) bewilderment51. To ________ important dates in history, countries create special holidays.A) commendB) memorizeC) propagateD) commemorate52. His successful negotiations with the Americans helped him to ________ his positionin he government.A) contriveB) consolidateC) heaveD) intensify53. Please do not be ________ by his offensive remarks since he is merely trying toattract attention.A) distractedB) disregardedC) irritatedD) intervened54. Once you get to know your mistakes, you should ________ them as soon aspossible.A) rectifyB) reclaimC) refrainD) reckon55. He wouldn’t answer the reporters’questions, nor would he ________ for aphotograph.A) summonB) highlightC) poseD) marshal56. The club will ________ new members the first week in September.A) enrollB) subscribeC) absorbD) register57. If you don’t ________ the children properly, Mr. Chiver, they’ll just run riot.A) mobilizeB) warrantC) manipulateD) supervise58. Already the class is ________ about who our new teacher will be.A) foreseeingB) speculatingC) fabricatingD) contemplating59. We should ________ our energy and youth to the development of our country.A) dedicateB) caterC) ascribeD) cling60. Just because I’m ________ to him, my boss thinks he can order me around withoutshowing me any respect.A) redundantB) trivialC) versatileD) subordinate61. Many scientists remain ________ about the value of this research program.A) skepticalB) stationaryC) spaciousD) specific62. Depression is often caused by the ________ effects of stress and overwork.A) totalB) increasedC) terrificD) cumulative63. A human’s eyesight is not as ________ as that of an eagle.A) eccentricB) acuteC) sensibleD) sensitive64. It is ________ that women should be paid less than men for doing the same kind ofwork.A) abruptB) absurdC) adverseD) addictive65. Shoes of this kind are ________ to slip on wet ground.A) feasibleB) appropriateC) aptD) fitting66. We’ll be very careful and keep what you’ve told us strictly ________.A) rigorousB) confidentialC) privateD) mysterious67. The members of Parliament were ________ that the government had not consultedthem.A) impatientB) tolerantC) crudeD) indignant68. Some American colleges are state-supported, others are privately ________, andstill others are supported by religious organizations.A) ensuredB) attributedC) authorizedD) endowed69. The prison guards were armed and ready to shoot if ________ in any way.A) intervenedB) incurredC) provokedD) poked70. Many pure metals have little use because they are too soft, rust too easily, or havesome other ________.A) drawbacksB) handicapsC) bruisesD) blunders试卷二Part IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word,add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the correctionsin the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write thecorrect word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put aninsertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in theblank. If you delete a word, cross it and put a slash (/) in the blank. Example:╱. 1. time/times/period Television is rapidly becoming the literature of our periods╱used for the study of literature as 2. _______\_______ Many of the arguments havinga school subject are valid for ∧study of television. 3. ______the______Sporting activities are essentially modified forms of hunting behavior. Viewing biologically, the modern (S1) footballer is revealed as a member of a disguised hunting pack. His killing weapon has turned into a harmless football and his prey into a goal-mouth. If his aim is inaccurate and he (S2) scores a goal, enjoys the hunter’s triumph of killing his prey. (S3)To understand how this transformation has taken place we must briefly look up at our ancient ancestors. They spent over a (S4) million year evolving as co-operative hunters. Their very survival (S5) depended on success in the hunting-field. Under thispressure their whole way of life, even if their bodies, became radically (S6) changed. They became chasers, runners, jumpers, aimers, throwers and prey-killers. They co-operate as skillful male-group (S7) attackers.Then, about ten thousand years ago, when this immensely (S8) long formative period of hunting for food, they became farmers.Their improved intelligence, so vital to their old hunting life, were put to a new use-that of penning ( 把...... 关在圈中), (S9) controlling and domesticating their prey. The food was there on the farms, awaiting their needs. The risks and uncertainties of farming were no longer essential for survival. (S10)Part V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: A Letter to the University President about the Canteen Service onCampus. You should write at least 120 words, and base your compositionon the outline given in Chinese below:假设你是李明，请你就本校食堂的状况给校长写一封信，内容应涉及食堂的饭菜质量、价格、环境、服务等，可以是表扬，可以是批评建议，也可以兼而有之。

大学英语六级考试九-历年六级写作真题

历年六级写作真题（1990.1-2004.6）2004年6月Directions:For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter to the editor of a newspaper complaining about the poor service of a bookstore. You should write atleast 150 words following the outline given below:设想你买了一本英文字典，发现有这样那样的质量问题，书店的服务态度又不好，因此给报社编辑写信。

信中必须包含以下内容：1．事情的起因2．与书店交涉的经过3．呼吁服务行业必须提高服务质量2003年12月Directions:For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a short essay entitled Reduce Waste on Campus. You should write at least 150 words following the outline givenbelow:1．有些大学校园浪费的现象日益严重2．浪费的危害3．杜绝浪费，从我做起2003年9月Directions:For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a short essay entitled Reading Preferences. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below:Reading preferences of students in an American university in 20021．根据上表，简要叙述美国某大学学生借阅图书的分布情况；2．你对于这些学生阅读偏爱的评论3．你通常喜欢阅读哪一类书籍？说明理由。

2002年1月大学英语六级CET6真题及答案.doc

2002年1月大学英语六级CET6真题及答案part i listening comprehension (20 minutes)section adirections: in this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. at the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. after each question there will be a pause. during the pause, you must read the four choices marked a), b), c) and d), and decide which is the best answer. then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center. example: you will hear:you will read:a) 2 hours.b) 3 hours.c) 4 hours.d) 5 hours.from the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the af ternoon. therefore, d) “5 hours” is the correct answer. you should choose [d] on the answer sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.sample answer [a] [b] [c] [d]1. a) all the passengers were killed.b) the plane crashed in the night.c) no mo re survivors have been found.d) it’s too late to search for survivors.2. a) its results were just as expected.b) it wasn’t very well designed.c) it fully reflected the students’ability.d) its results fell short of her expectations.3. a) he believes dancing is enjoyable.b) he definitely does not like dancing.c) he admires those who dance.d) he won’t dance until he had done his work.4. a) his computer doesn’t work well.b) he isn’t getting along with his staff.c) he didn’t register for a proper course.d) he c an’t apply the theory to his program.5. a) reading on the campus lawn.b) depositing money in the bank.c) applying for financial aid.d) reviewing a student’s application.6. a) a new shuttle bus.b) a scheduled space flight.c) an airplane flight.d) the first space flight.7.a) the deadline is drawing near.b) she can’t meet the deadline.c) she turned in the proposals today.d) they are tow days ahead of time.8. a) by going on a diet.b) by having fewer meals.c) by doing physical exercise.d) by eating fruit and ve getables.9. a) he enjoyed it as a whole.b) he didn’t think much of it.c) he didn’t like it at all.d) he liked some parts of it.10. a) it looks quite new.b) it looks old, but it runs well.c) it needs to be repaired.d) its engine needs to be painted. section bdirections: in this section, you will hear 3 short passages. at the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. after you hear a question, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked a), b), c) and d). then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center. passage onequestion 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard. 11. a) experience in negotiating.b) a high level of intelligence.c) the time they spend on preparation.d) the amount of pay they receive.. a) study the case carefully beforehand.b) stick to a set target.c) appear friendly to the other party.d) try to be flexible about their terms.13. a) make sure there is no misunderstanding.b) try to persuade by giving various reasons.c) repeat the same reasons.d) listen carefully and patiently to the other party. passage twoquestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard. 14. a) they eat huge amounts of food.b) they usually eat twice a day.c) they usually eat to their hearts’ content.d) they eat much less than people assume.15. a) when it is breeding.b) when it feels threatened by humans in its territory.c) when its offspring is threatened.d) when it is suffering from illness.16. a) they are not as dangerous as people think.b) they can be as friendly to humans as dogsc) they attack human beings by nature.d) they are really tame sea animals. passage threequestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard. 17. a) because people might haveto migrate there someday.b) because it is very much like the earth.c) because it is easier to explore than other planets.d) because its atmosphere is different from that of theearth.[page]18. a) its chemical elements must be studied.b) its temperature must be lowered.c) big spaceships must be built.d) its atmosphere must be changed.19. a) it influences the surface temperature of mars.b) it protects living beings from harmful rays.c) it keeps a planet from overheating.d) it is the main component of the air people breathe.20. a) man will probably be able to live there in 200 years.b) scientists are rather pessimistic about it.c) man will probably be able to live there in 100,000 years’ time.d) scientists are opti mistic about overcoming the difficulties soon. part ii reading comprehension (35 minutes)direction: there are 4 passages in this part. each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. for each of them there are four choices marked a), b) c) and d). you should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center. passage onequestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage: navigation computers, now sold by most car-makers, cost $2,000 and up. no surprise, then, that they are most often found in luxury cars, like lexus, bmwand audi. but it is a developing technology — meaning prices should eventually drop — and the market does seem to be growing.even at current prices, a navigation computer is impressive. it can guide you from point to point in most major cities with precise turn-by-turn directions — spoken by a clear human- sounding voice, and written on a screen in front of the driver.the computer works with an antenna (天线) that takes signals from no fewer than three of the 24 global positioning system (gps) satellites. by measuring the time required for a signal to travel between the satellites and the antenna, the car’s location can be pinned down within 100 meters.the satellite signals, along with inputs on speed from a wheel-speed sensor and direction from a meter, determine the car’s position even as it moves. this information is combined with a map database. streets, landmarks and points of interest are included.most systems are basically identical. the differences come in hardware — the way the computer accepts the driver’s request for directions and the way it presents the driving instructions. on most systems, a driver enters a desired address, motorway junction or point of interest via a touch screen or disc. but the lexus screen goes a step further: you can point to any spot on the map screen and get directionsto it.bmw’s system offers a set of cross hairs (瞄准器上的十字纹) that can be moved across the map (you have several choices of map scale) to pick a point you’d like to get to. audi’s screen can be switched to tv reception.even the voices that recite the directions can differ, with better systems like bmw’s and lexus’s having a wider vocabulary. the instructions are available in french, german, spanish, dutch and italian, as well as english. the driver can also choose parameters for determining the route: fastest, shortest or no freeways (高速公路), for example.21. we learn from the passage that navigation computers ________.a) will greatly promote sales of automobilesb) may help solve potential traffic problemsc) are likely to be accepted by more driversd) wills soon be viewed as a symbol of luxury22. with a navigation computer, a driver will easily find the best route to his destination ________.a) by inputting the exact addressb) by indicating the location of his carc) by checking his computer databased) by giving vocal orders to the computer23. despite their varied designs, navigation computers used in cars ________.a) are more or less the same priceb) provide directions in much the same wayc) work on more or less the same principlesd) receive instructions from the same satellites24. the navigation computer functions________.a) by means of a direction finder and a speed detectorb) basically on satellite signals and a map databasec) mainly through the reception of turn-by-turn directions[page]d) by using a screen to display satellite signals25. the navigation systems in cars like lexus, bmw and audi are mentioned to show ________.a) the immaturity of the new technologyb) the superiority of the global positioning systemc) the cause of price fluctuations in car equipmentd) the different ways of providing guidance to the driver passage twoquestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:“the world’s environment is surprisingly healthy. discuss.” if that were an examination topic, most students would tear it apart, offering a long list of complaints: from local smog (烟雾) to global climate change, from the felling (砍伐) of forests to the extinction of species. the list would largely be accurate, the concern legitimate. yet the students who should be given the highest marks would actually be those who agreed with the statement. the surprise is how good things are, not how bad.after all, the world’s population has more than tripled during this century, and world output has risen hugely, so you would expect the earth itself to have been affected. indeed, if people lived, consumed and produced things in the same wayas they did in 1900 (or 1950, or indeed 1980), the world by now would be a pretty disgusting place: smelly, dirty, toxic and dangerous.but they don’t. the reasons why they don’t, and why the environment has not been ruined, have to do with prices, technological innovation, social change and government regulation in response to popular pressure. that is why today’s environmental problems in the poor countries ought, in principle, to be solvable.raw materials have not run out, and show no sign of doing so. logically, one day they must: the planet is a finite place. yet it is also very big, and man is very ingenious. what has happened is that every time a material seems to be running short, the price has risen and, in response, people have looked for new sources of supply, tried to find ways to use less of the material, or looked for a new substitute. for this reason prices for energy and for minerals have fallen in real terms during the century. the same is true for food. prices fluctuate, in response to harvests, natural disasters and political instability; and when they rise, it takes some time before new sources of supply become available. but they always do, assisted by new farming and crop technology. the long- term trend has been downwards.it is where prices and markets do not operate properly that this benign (良性的) trendbegins to stumble, and the genuine problems arise. markets cannot always keep the environment healthy. if no one owns the resource concerned, no one has an interest in conserving it or fostering it: fish is the best example of this. 26. according to the author, most students ________.a) believe the world’s environment is in an undesirable conditionb) agree that the environment of the world is not as bad as it is thought to bec) get high marks for their good knowledge of the world’s environmentd) appear somewhat unconcerned about the state of the world’s environment27. the huge increase in world production and population ________.a) has made the world a worse place to live inb) has had a positive influence on the environmentc) has not significantly affected the environmentd) has made the world a dangerous place to live in28. one of the reasons why the long-term trend of prices has been downwards is that ________.a) technological innovation can promote social stabilityb) political instability will cause consumption to dropc) new farming and crop technology can lead to overproductiond) new sources are always becomingavailable29. fish resources are diminishing because ________.a) no new substitutes can be found in large quantitiesb) they are not owned by any particular entityc) improper methods offishing have ruined the fishing groundsd) water pollution is extremely serious30. the primary solution to environmental problems is ________.a) to allow market forces to operate properly[page]b) to curb consumption of natural resourcesc) to limit the growth of the world populationd) to avoid fluctuations in prices passage threequestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage: about the time that schools and others quite reasonably became interested in seeing to it that all children, whatever their background, were fairly treated, intelligence testing became unpopular.some thought it was unfair to minority children. through the past few decades such testing has gone out of fashion and many communities have indeed forbidden it.however, paradoxically, just recently a group of black parents filed a lawsuit (诉讼) in california claiming that the state’s ban on iq testing discriminates against their children by denying them the opportunity to take the test. (they believed, correctly, that iq tests are a valid method of evaluating children for special education classes.) the judge, therefore, reversed, at least partially, his original decision.and so the argument goes on and on. does it benefit or harm children from minority groups to have their intelligence tested? we have always been on the side ofpermitting, even facilitating, such testing. if a child of any color or group is doing poorly in school it seems to us very important to know whether it is because he or she is of low intelligence, or whether some other factor is the cause.what school and family can do to improve poor performance is influenced by its cause. it is not discriminative to evaluate either a chi ld’s physical condition or his intellectual level.unfortunately, intellectual level seems to be a sensitive subject, and what the law allows us to do varies from time to time. the same fluctuation back and forth occurs in areas other than intelligence. thirty years or so ago, for instance, white families were encouraged to adopt black children. it was considered discriminative not to do so.and then the style changed and this cross-racial adopting became generally unpopular, and social agencies felt that black children should go to black families only. it is hard to say what are the best procedures. but surely good will on the part of all of us is needed.as to intelligence, in our opinion, the more we know about any child’s intellectual level, the better for the child in question. 31. why did the intelligence test become unpopular in the past few decades?a) its validity was challenged by many communities.b) it was considereddiscriminative against minority children.c) it met with strong opposition from the majority of black parents.d) it deprived the black children of their rights to a good education.32. the recent legal action taken by some black parents in california aimed to ________.a) draw public attention to iq testingb) put an end to special educationc) remove the state’s ban on intelligence testsd) have their children enter white schools33. the author believes that intelligence testing ________.a) may ease racial confrontation in the united statesb) can encourage black children to keep up with white childrenc) may seriously aggravate racial discrimination in the united statesd) can help black parents make decisions abut their children’s education34. the author’s opinion of child adoption seems to be that ________.a) no rules whatsoever can be prescribedb) white families should adopt black childrenc) adoption should be based on iq test resultsd) cross-racial adoption is to be advocated35. child adoption is mentioned in the passage to show that ________.a) good will may sometimes complicate racial problemsb) social surroundings are vital to the healthy growth of childrenc) intelligence testing also applies tonon-academic areasd) american opinion can shift when it comes to sensitive issues passage fourquestions 36 to 40 are basedon the following passage: not too many decades ago it seemed “obvious” both to the general public and to sociologists that modern society has changed people’s natural relations, loosened their responsibilities to kin (亲戚) and neighbors, and substituted in their place superficial relationships with passing acquaintances. however, in recent years a growing body of research has revealed that the “obvious” is not true. it seems that if you are a city resident, you typically know a smaller proportion of your neighbors than you do if you are a resident of a smaller community. but, for the most part, this fact has few significant consequences. it does not necessarily follow that if you know few of your neighbors you will know no one else.[page]even in very large cities, people maintain close social ties within small, private social worlds. indeed, the number and quality of meaningful relationships do not differ between more and less urban people. small-town residents are more involved with kin than are big-city residents. yet city dwellers compensate by developing friendships with people who share similar interests and activities. urbanism may produce a different style of life, but the quality of life does not differ between town and city. nor are residents of large communities any likelier to display psychological symptoms ofstress or alienation, a feeling of not belonging, than are residents of smaller communities. however, city dwellers do worry more about crime, and this leads them to a distrust of strangers.these findings do not imply that urbanism makes little or no difference. if neighbors are strangers to one another, they are less likely to sweep the sidewalk of an elderly couple living next door or keep an eye out for young trouble makers. moreover, as wirth suggested, there may be a link between a community’s population size and its social heterogeneity (多样性). for instance, sociologists have found much evidence that the size of a community is associated with bad behavior including gambling, drugs, etc. large-city urbanites are also more likely than their small-town counterparts to have a cosmopolitan (见多识广者的) outlook, to display less responsibility to traditional kinship roles, to vote for leftist political candidates, and to be tolerant of nontraditional religious groups, unpopular political groups, and so-called undesirables. everything considered, heterogeneity and unusual behavior seem to be outcomes of large population size. 36. which of the following statements best describes the organization of the first paragraph?a) two contrasting views are presented.b) an argument is examined andpossible solutions given.c) research results concerning the quality of urban life are presented in order of time.d) a detailed description of the difference between urban and small-town life is given.37. according to the passage, it was once a common belief that urban residents ________.a) did not have the same interests as their neighborsb) could not develop long-standing relationshipsc) tended to be associated with bad behaviord) usually had more friends38. one of the consequences of urban life is that impersonal relationships among neighbors ________.a) disrupt people’s natural relationsb) make them worry about crimec) cause them not to show concern for one anotherd) cause them to be suspicious of each other39. it can be inferred from the passage that the bigger a community is, ________.a) the better its quality of lifeb) the more similar its interestsc) the more tolerant and open-minded it isd) the likelier it is to display psychological symptoms of stress40. what is the passage mainly about?a) similarities in the interpersonal relationships between urbanites and small-town dwellers.b) advantages of living in big cities as compared with living in small town.c) the positive role that urbanism plays in modern life.d) the strong feeling of alienation of city inhabitants. part iii vocabulary and structure (20minutes)directions: there are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. for each sentence there are four choices marked a), b), c) and d). choose the one that best completes the sentence. then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center. 41. the lady in this strange tale very obviously suffers from a serious mental illness. her plot against a completely innocent old man is a clear sign of______.a) impulse b) insanityc) inspiration d) disposition42. the prime minister was followed by five or six ______ when he got off the plane.a) laymen b) servantsc) directors d) attendants43. there is no doubt that the ______ of these goods to the others is easy to see.a) prestige b) superiorityc) priority d) publicity44. all the guests were invited to attend the wedding ______ and had a very good time.[page]a) feast b) congratulationsc) festival d) recreation45. the price of the coal will vary according to how far it has to be transported and how expensive the freight ______ are.a) payments b) chargesc) funds d) prices46. the manager gave her his ______ that her complaint would be investigated.a) assurance b) assumptionc) sanction d) insurance47. although the model looks good on the surface, it will not bear close ______.a) temperament b) contaminationc) scrutiny d) symmetry48. we aredoing this work in the ___ of reforms in the economic, social and cultural spheres.a) context b) contestc) pretext d) texture49. while a full understanding of what causes the disease may be several years away, ________ leading to a successful treatment could come much sooner.a) a distinction b) a breakthroughc) an identification d) an interpretation50. doctors are often caught in a ________ because they have to decide whether they should tell their patients the truth or not.a) puzzle b) perplexityc) dilemma d) bewilderment51. to ________ important dates in history, countries create special holidays.a) commend b) memorizec) propagate d) commemorate52. his successful negotiations with the americans helped him to ________ his position in the government.a) contrive b) consolidatec) heave d) intensify53. please do not be ________ by his offensive remarks since he is merely trying to attract attention.a) distracted b) disregardedc) irritated d) intervened54. once you get to know your mistakes, you should ________ them as soon as possible.a) rectify b) reclaimc) refrain d) reckon55. he wouldn’t answer the reporters’ questions, nor would he ________ for a photograph.a) summon b) highlightc) pose d) marshal56. the club will ________ new members the first week in september.a) enroll b) subscribec)absorb d) register57. if you don’t ________ the children properly, mr. chiver, they’ll just run riot.a) mobilize b) warrantc) manipulate d) supervise58. already the class is________ about who our new teacher will be.a) foreseeing b) speculatingc) fabricating d) contemplating59. we should________ our energy and youth to the development of our country.a) dedicate b) caterc) ascribe d) cling60. just because i’m ________ to him, my boss thinks he can order me around without showing me any respect.a) redundant b) trivialc) versatile d) subordinate61. many scientists remain ________ about the value of this research program.a) sceptical b) stationaryc) spacious d) specific62. depression is often cause by the ________ effects of stress and overwork.a) total b) increasedc) terrific d) cumulative63. a human’s eyesight is not as ________ as that of an eagle.a) eccentric b) acutec) sensible d) sensitive64. it is ________ that women should be paid less than men for doing the same kind of work.a) abrupt b) absurdc) adverse d) addictive65. shoes of this kind are ________ to slip on wet ground.a) feasible b) appropriatec) apt d) fitting66. we’ll be very careful and keep what you’ve told us strictly ________.a) rigorous b) confidentialc) private d) mysterious67. the members of parliament were ________ that thegovernment had not consulted them.a) impatient b) tolerantc) crude d) indignant68. some american colleges arestate-supported, others are privately ________, and still others are supported by religious organizations.a) ensured b) attributedc) authorized d) endowed69. the prison guards were armed and ready to shoot if ________ in any way.a) intervened b) incurredc) provoked d) poked70. many pure metals have little use because they are too soft, rust too easily, or have some other ________.a) drawbacks b) handicapsc) bruises d) blunders part iv error correction (15 minutes)directions: this part consists of a short passage. in this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. you may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. if you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. if you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. if you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (／) in the blank.[page]example: television is rapidly becoming the literatures of our periods. 1. time/times/periodmany of the arguments having used for the study of literature. 2. ／___________as a school subject are valid for ∧ study oftelevision. 3. the___________ sporting activities are essentially modified forms of hunting behavior. viewing biologically, the modern s1. __________footballer is revealed as a member of a disguised hunting pack. his killing weapon has turned into a harmless football and his prey into a goal-mouth. if his aim is inaccurate and he s2. __________scores a goal, enjoys the hunter’s triumph of killing his prey. to understand how this transformation has taken place we s3. __________must briefly look up at our ancient ancestors. they spent over a s4. __________million year evolving as co-operative hunters. their very survival s5. __________depended on success in the hunting-field. under this pressure their whole way of life, even if their bodies, became radicaily s6. __________changed. they became chasers, runners, jumpers, aimers, throwers and prey-killers. they co-operate as skillful male-group s7.__________attackers. then, about ten thousand years ago, when this immensely s8. __________long formative period of hunting for food, they became farmers. their improved intelligence, so vital to their old hunting life, were put to a new use—that of penning (把s9. __________……关在圈中), controlling and domesticating their prey. the food was there on the farms, awaiting their needs. the risks and uncertainties of farmingwere no longer essential for survival. s10.__________ part v writing (30 minutes)directions: for this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: a letter to the university president about the canteen service on campus you should write at least 0 words, and base your composition on the outline given in chinese below:假设你是李明，请你就本校食堂的状况给校长写一封信，内容应涉及食堂的饭菜质量、价格、环境、服务等，可以是表扬，可以是批评建议，也可以兼而有之。

2023年12月英语六级CET6真题及答案完整版

2023年12月CET6大学英语六级考试真题及答案解析【官方完整版】Part I 写作Writing (30 minutes)Directions: Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on innovation. Your essay should include the importance of innovation and measures to be taken to encourage innovation.You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.【参照范文】It is universally acknowledged that innovation refers to being creative, unique and different. In fact, today it is impossibly difficult for us to image a 21st century without innovation.We should place a high value on innovation firstly because innovative spirit can enable an individual to ameliorate himself, so he can be equipped with capacity to see what others cannot see, be qualified for future career promotion, and be ready for meeting the forthcoming challenges. What’s more, we ought to attach importance to the role played by innovation in economic advancement. Put it another way, in this ever-changing world, innovation to economic growth is what water is to fish. To sum up, if innovation misses our attention in any possible way, we will suffer a great loss beyond imagination.In order to encourage innovation, it is wise for us to take some feasible measures. For example, mass media should greatly publicize the significance of creative spirit and encouragethe public to cultivate awareness of innovation. Besides, those who manage to innovate should be awarded generous prize. Though there is a long way ahead to go, I am firmly certain that the shared efforts will be paid off.【参照译文】众所周知创新意味着有发明力，独一无二和不一样。

大学英语六级考试试题及参考答案

2002年1月大学英语六级考试试题及参考答案我爱英语网??2002年1月12日大学英语六级考试试卷一Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversa-tion, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Example: You will hear:You will read:A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two are talking about some work they will start at 9 o'clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) "5 hours" is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) All the passengers were killed. C) No more survivors have been found.B) The plane crashed in the night. D) It's too late to search for survivors.2. A) Its results were just as expected.B) It wasn't very well designed.C) It fully reflected the students' ability.D) Its results fell short of her expectations.3. A) He believes dancing is enjoyable. C) He admires those who dance.B) He definitely does not like dancing. D) He won't dance until he has done his work.4. A) His computer doesn't work well. C) He didn't register for a proper course.B) He isn't getting along with his staff. D) He can't apply the theory to his program.5. A) Reading on the campus lawn. C) Applying for financial aid.B) Depositing money in the bank. D) Reviewing a student's application.6. A) A new shuttle bus. C) An airplane flight.B) A scheduled space flight. D) The first space flight.7. A) The deadline is drawing near. C) She turned in the proposals today.B) She can't meet the deadline. D) They are two days ahead of time.8. A) By going on a diet. C) By doing physical exercise.B) By having fewer meals. D) By eating fruit and vegetables.9. A) He enjoyed it as a whole. C) He didn't like it at all.B) He didn't think much of it. D) He liked some parts of it.10. A) It looks quite new. C) It looks old, but it runs well.B) It needs to be repaired. D) Its engine needs to be painted.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) Experience in negotiating. C) The time they spend on preparation.B) A high level of intelligence. D) The amount of pay they receive.12. A) Study the case carefully beforehand. C) Appear friendly to the other party.B) Stick to a set target. D) Try to be flexible about their terms.13. A) Make sure there is no misunderstanding.B) Try to persuade by giving various reasons.C) Repeat the same reasons.D) Listen carefully and patiently to the other party.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) They eat huge amounts of food. C) They usually eat to their hearts' content.B) They usually eat twice a day. D) They eat much less than people assume.15. A) When it is breeding.B) When it feels threatened by humans in its territory.C) When its offspring is threatened.D) When it is suffering from illness.16. A) They are not as dangerous as people think.B) They can be as friendly to humans as dogs.C) They attack human beings by nature.D) They are really tame sea animals.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) Because people might have to migrate there someday.B) Because it is very much like the earth.C) Because it is easier to explore than other planets.D) Because its atmosphere is different from that of the earth.18. A) Its chemical elements must be studied. C) Big spaceships must be built.B) Its temperature must be lowered. D) Its atmosphere must be changed.19. A) It influences the surface temperature of Mars.B) It protects living beings from harmful rays.C) It keeps a planet from overheating.D) It is the main component of the air people breathe.20. A) Man will probably be able to live there in 200 years.B) Scientists are rather pessimistic about it.C) Man will probably be able to live there in 100,000 years' time.D) Scientists are optimistic about overcoming the difficulties soon.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C)and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Navigation computers, now sold by most car-makers, cost $2,000 and up. No surprise, then,that they are most often found in luxury cars, like Lexus, BMW and Audi. But it is a developingtechnology－meaning prices should eventually drop-and the market does seem to be growing.Even at current prices, a navigation computer is impressive. It can guide you from point to point in most major cities with precise turn-by-turn directions-spoken by a clear uman-sounding voice, and written on a screen in front of the driver.The computer works with an antenna ( 天线 ) that takes signals from no fewer than three ofthe 24 global positioning system (GPS) satellites. By measuring the time required for a signal totravel between the satellites and the antenna, the car's location can be pinned down within 100meters.The satellite signals, along with inputs on speed from a wheel-speed sensor and direction froma meter, determine the car's position even as it moves. This information is combined with a map database. Streets, landmarks and points of interest are included.Most systems are basically identical. The differences come in hardware-the way the computer accepts the driver's request for directions and the way it presents the driving most systems, a driver enters a desired address, motorway junction or point of interest via a touch screen or disc. But the Lexus screen goes a step further: you can point to any spot on the map screen and get directions to it.BMW's system offers a set of cross hairs ( 瞄准器上的十字纹 ) that can be moved across themap (you have several choices of map scale) to pick a point you'd like to get to. Audi's screen can be switched to TV reception.Even the voices that recite the directions can differ, with better systems like BMW's andLexus's having a wider vocabulary. The instructions are available in French, German, Spanish,Dutch and Italian, as well as English. The driver can also choose parameters for determining theroute: fastest, shortest or no freeways ( 高速公路 ), for example.21. We learn from the passage that navigation computers________.A) will greatly promote sales of automobilesB) may help solve potential traffic problemsC) are likely to be accepted by more driversD) will soon be viewed as a symbol of luxury22. With a navigation computer, a driver will easily find the best route to his destination________.A) by inputting the exact address C) by checking his computer databaseB) by indicating the location of his car D) by giving vocal orders to the computer23. Despite their varied designs, navigation computers used in carsA) are more or less the same priceB) provide directions in much the same wayC) work on more or less the same principlesD) receive instructions from the same satellites24. The navigation computer functions________.A) by means of a direction finder and a speed detectorB) basically on satellite signals and a map databaseC) mainly through the reception of turn-by-turn directionsD) by using a screen to display satellite signals25. The navigation systems in cars like Lexus, BMW and Audi are mentioned to showA) the immaturity of the new technologyB) the superiority of the global positioning systemC) the cause of price fluctuations in car equipmentD) the different ways of providing guidance to the driverPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage."The world's environment is surprisingly healthy. Discuss." If that were anexamination topic, most students would tear it apart, offering a long list of complaints: from local smog ( 烟雾 ) to global climate change, from the felling ( 砍伐 ) of forests to the extinction of species. The list would largely be accurate, the concern legitimate. Yet the students who should be given the highest marks would actually be those who agreed with the statement. The surprise is how good things are, not how bad.After all, the world's population has more than tripled during this century, and world outputhas risen hugely, so you would expect the earth itself to have been affected. Indeed, if people lived, consumed and produced things in the same way as they did in 1900 (or 1950, or indeed 1980), the world by now would be a pretty disgusting place: smelly, dirty, toxic and dangerous.But they don't. The reasons why they don't, and why the environment has not been mined, have to do with prices, technological innovation, social change and government regulation in re-sponse to popular pressure. That is why, today's environmental problems in the poor countriesought, in principle, to be solvable.Raw materials have not run out, and show no sign of doing so. Logically, one day they must: the planet is a finite place. Yet it is also very big, and man is very ingenious. What has happened is that every time a material seems to be running short, the price has risen and, in response, people have looked for new sources of supply, tried to find ways to use less of the material, or looked for a new substitute. For this reason prices for energy and for minerals have fallen in real terms during the century. The same is true for food. Prices fluctuate, in response to harvests, natural disasters and political instability; and when they rise, it takes some time before new sources of supply becomeavailable. But they always do, assisted by new farming and crop technology. The long term trend has been downwards.It is where prices and markets do not operate properly that this benign ( 良性的 ) trend begins to stumble, and the genuine problems arise. Markets cannot always keep the environment healthy. If no one owns the resource concerned, no one has an interest in conserving it or fostering it: fish is the best example of this.26. According to the author, most students________.A) believe the world's environment is in an undesirable conditionB) agree that the environment of the world is not as bad as it is thought to beC) get high marks for their good knowledge of the world's environmentD) appear somewhat unconcerned about the state of the world's environment27. The huge increase in world production and population ________.A) has made the world a worse place to live inB) has had a positive influence on the environmentC) has not significantly affected the environmentD) has made the world a dangerous place to live in28. One of the reasons why the long-term trend of prices has been downwards is that________.A) technological innovation can promote social stabilityB) political instability will cause consumption to dropC) new farming and crop technology can lead to overproductionD) new sources are always becoming available29. Fish resources are diminishing because________.A) no new substitutes can be found in large quantitiesB) they are not owned by any particular entityC) improper methods of fishing have mined the fishing groundsD) water pollution is extremely serious30. The primary solution to environmental problems is________.A) to allow market forces to operate properlyB) to curb consumption of natural resourcesC) to limit the growth of the world populationD) to avoid fluctuations in pricesPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.About the time that schools and others quite reasonably became interested in seeing to it that all children, whatever their background, were fairly treated, intelligence testing became unpopular.Some thought it was unfair to minority children. Through the past few decades such testinghas gone out of fashion and many communities have indeed forbidden it.However, paradoxically, just recently a group of black parents filed a lawsuit (诉讼) in California claiming that the state's ban on IQ testing discriminates against their children by denying them the opportunity to take the test. (They believed, correctly, that IQ tests are a valid method of evaluating children for special education classes.) The judge, therefore, reversed, at least partially,his original decision.And so the argument goes on and on. Does it benefit or harm children from minoritygroups to have their intelligence tested We have always been on the side of permitting, even facilitating,such testing. If a child of any color or group is doing poorly in school it seems to us very important to know whether it is because he or she is of low intelligence, or whether some other factor is the cause.What school and family can do to improve poor performance is influenced by its cause. It isnot discriminative to evaluate either a child's physical condition or his intellectual level.Unfortunately, intellectual level seems to be a sensitive subject, and what the law allows us to do varies from time to time. The same fluctuation back and forth occurs in areas other than intelligence. Thirty years or so ago, for instance, white families were encouraged to adopt black children. It was considered discriminative not to do so.And then the style changed and this cross-racial adopting became generally unpopular, andsocial agencies felt that black children should go to black families only. It is hard to say what are the best procedures. But surely good will on the part of all of us is needed.As to intelligence, in our opinion, the more we know about any child's intellectual level, the better for the child in question.31. Why did the intelligence test become unpopular in the past few decadesA) Its validity was challenged by many communities.B) It was considered discriminative against minority children.C) It met with strong opposition from the majority of black parents.D) It deprived the black children of their rights to a good education.32. The recent legal action taken by some black parents in California aimed to________.A) draw public attention to IQ testing C) remove the state's ban on intelligence testsB) put an end to special education D) have their children enter white schools33. The author believes that intelligence testing ________.A) may ease racial confrontation in the United StatesB) can encourage black children to keep up with white childrenC) may seriously aggravate racial discrimination in the United StatesD) can help black parents make decisions about their children's education34. The author's opinion of child adoption seems to be that________.A) no rules whatsoever can be prescribedB) white families should adopt black childrenC) adoption should be based on IQ test resultsD) cross-racial adoption is to be advocated35. Child adoption is mentioned in the passage to show that _______.A) good will may sometimes complicate racial problemsB) social surroundings are vital to the healthy growth of childrenC) intelligence testing also applies to non-academic areasD) American opinion can shift when it comes to sensitive issuesPassage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Not too many decades ago it seemed "obvious" both to the general public and to sociologists that modern society has changed people's natural relations, loosened their responsibilities to kin (亲戚) and neighbors, and substituted in their place superficial relationships with passing acquaintances. However, in recent years a growing body of research has revealed that the "obvious" is not true. It seems that if you are a city resident, you typically know a smaller proportion of your neighbors than you do if you are a resident of a smaller community. But, for the most part, this fact has few significant consequences. It does not necessarily follow that if you know few of your neighbors you will know no one else.Even in very large cities, people maintain close social ties within small, private social , the number and quality of meaningful relationships do not differ between more and less urban people. Small-town residents are more involved with kin than are big-city residents. Yet city dwellers compensate by developing friendships with people who share similar interests and activities. Urbanism may produce a different style of life, but the quality of life does not differ between town and city. Nor are residents of large communities any likelier to display psychological symptoms of stress or alienation, a feeling of not belonging, than are residents of smaller communities. However, city dwellers do worry more about crime, and this leads them to a distrust of strangers.These findings do not imply that urbanism makes little or no difference. If neighbors are strangers to one another, they are less likely to sweep the sidewalk of an elderly couple living next door or keep an eye out for young trouble makers. Moreover, as Wirth suggested, there may be a link between a community's population size and its social heterogeneity ( 多样性 ). For instance, sociologists have found much evidence that the size of a community is associated with bad behavior including gambling, drugs, etc. Large-city urbanites are also more likely than their small-town counterparts to have a cosmopolitan (见多识广者的 ) outlook, to display less responsibility to traditionalkinship roles, to vote for leftist political candidates, and to be tolerant of nontraditional religious groups, unpopular political groups, and so-called undesirables. Everything considered, heterogeneity and unusual behavior seem to be outcomes of large population size.36. Which of the following statements best describes the organization of the first paragraphA) Two contrasting views are presented.B) An argument is examined and possible solutions given.C) Research results concerning the quality of urban life are presented in order of time.D) A detailed description of the difference between urban and small-town life is given.37. According to the passage, it was once a common belief that urban residents______.A) did not have the same interests as their neighborsB) could not develop long-standing relationshipsC) tended to be associated with bad behaviorD) usually had more friends38. One of the consequences of urban life is that impersonal relationships among neighbors_____.A) disrupt people's natural relationsB) make them worry about crimeC) cause them not to show concern for one anotherD) cause them to be suspicious of each other39. It can be inferred from the passage that the bigger a community is,______.A) the better its quality of lifeB) the more similar its interestsC) the more tolerant and open-minded it isD) the likelier it is to display psychological symptoms of stress40. What is the passage mainly aboutA) Similarities in the interpersonal relationships between urbanites and small-towndwellers.B) Advantages of living in big cities as compared with living in small towns.C) The positive role that urbanism plays in modern life.D) The strong feeling of alienation of city inhabitants.Part III Vocabulary (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.41. The lady in this strange tale very obviously suffers from a serious mental illness. Her plotagainst a completely innocent old man is a clear sign of________.A) impulse C) inspirationB) insanity D) disposition42. The Prime Minister was followed by five or six _______ when he got off the plane.A) laymen C) directorsB) servants D) attendants43. There is no doubt that the ________ of these goods to the others is easy to see.A) prestige C) priorityB) superiority D) publicity44. All the guests were invited to attend the wedding ________ and had a very good time.A) feast C) festivalB) congratulations D) recreation45. The price of the coal will vary according to how far it has to be transported and how expensive the freight _______ are.A) payments C) fundsB) charges D) prices46. The manager gave her his ________ that her complaint would be investigated.A) assurance C) sanctionB) assumption D) insurance47. Although the model looks good on the surface, it will not bear close________.A) temperament C) scrutinyB) contamination D) symmetry48. We are doing this work in the _________ of reforms in the economic, social and cultural spheres.A) context C) pretextB) contest D) texture49. While a full understanding of what causes the disease may be several years away, ________ leading to a successful treatment could come much sooner.A) a distinction C) an identificationB) a breakthrough D) an interpretation50. Doctors are often caught in a _________ because they have to decide whether they hould tell their patients the truth or not.A) puzzle C) dilemmaB) perplexity D) bewilderment51. To ________ important dates in history, countries create special holidays.A) commend C) propagateB) memorize D) commemorate52. His successful negotiations with the Americans helped him to _________ his position in he government.A) contrive C) heaveB) consolidate D) intensify53. Please do not be ________ by his offensive remarks since he is merely trying to attract attention.A) distracted C) irritatedB) disregarded D) intervened54. Once you get to know your mistakes, you should __________ them as soon as possible.A) rectify C) refrainB) reclaim D) reckon55. He wouldn't answer the reporters' questions, nor would he __________ for a photograph.A) summon C) poseB) highlight D) marshal56. The club will ________ new members the first week in September.A) enroll C) absorbB) subscribe D) register57. If you don't ________ the children properly, Mr. Chiver, they'll just run riot.A) mobilize C) manipulateB) warrant D) supervise58. Already the class is ________ about who our new teacher will be.A) foreseeing C) fabricatingB) speculating D) contemplating59. We should ________ our energy and youth to the development of our country.A) dedicate C) ascribeB) cater D) cling60. Just because I'm ________ to him, my boss thinks he can order me around without showing me any respect.A) redundant C) versatileB) trivial D) subordinate61. Many scientists remain ________ about the value of this research program.A) sceptical C) spaciousB) stationary D) specific62. Depression is often caused by the ________ effects of stress and overwork..A) total C) terrificB) increased D) cumulative63. A human's eyesight is not as ________ as that of an eagle.A) eccentric C) sensibleB) acute D) sensitive64. It is ________ that women should be paid less than men for doing the same kind of work.A) abrupt C) adverseB) absurd D) addictive65. Shoes of this kind are ________ to slip on wet ground.A) feasible C) aptB) appropriate D) fitting66. We'll be very careful and keep what you've told us strictly________.A) rigorous C) privateB) confidential D) mysterious67. The members of Parliament were ________ that the government had not consulted them.A) impatient C) crudeB) tolerant D) indignant68. Some American colleges are state-supported, others are privately _______ , and still othersare supported by religious organizations.A) ensured C) authorizedB) attributed D) endowed69. The prison guards were armed and ready to shoot if _______ in any way.A) intervened C) provokedB) incurred D) poked70. Many pure metals have little use because they are too soft, rust too easily, or have some other _______.A) drawbacks C) bruisesB) handicaps D) blunders试卷二Part IV Error Correction (15 minutes) Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mis-takes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark ( ∧ ) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank, lf you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (/) in the blank.Example:Television is rapidly becoming the literature of our periods. Many 1. time/times/period of the arguments having used for the study of literature as a school 2. /subject are valid for∧ study of television. 3. theSporting activities are essentially modified forms ofhunting behavior. Viewing biologically, the modernfootballer is revealed as a member of a disguised huntingpack. His killing weapon has turned into a harmless footballand his prey into a goal-mouth. If his aim is inaccurate and hescores a goal, enjoys the hunter's triumph of killing his prey.To understand how this transformation has taken place wemust briefly look up at our ancient ancestors. They spent over amillion year evolving as co-operative hunters. Their very survivaldepended on success in the hunting-field. Under this pressuretheir whole way of life, even if their bodies, became radicallychanged. They became chasers, runners, jumpers, aimers,throwers and prey-killers. They co-operate as skillful male-groupattackers.Then, about ten thousand years ago, when this immenselylong formative period of hunting for food, they became farmers.Their improved intelligence, so vital to their old hunting life,were put to a new use-that of penning ( 把…… 关在圈中 ),controlling and domesticating their prey. The food was there onthe farms, awaiting their needs. The risks and uncertainties of farmingwere no longer essential for survival.Part V Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic:A Letter to the Unitversity President about the Canteen Service on CampusYou should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:假设你是李明，请你就本校食堂的状况给校长写一封信，内容应涉及食堂的饭菜质量、价格、环境、服务等，可以是表扬，可以是批评建议，也可以兼而有之。

2003年12月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷及答案详解

Part III Vocabulary41. C。

形容词辨析题。

因为计划很可行他建议我们实行该计划。

probable adj.可能的；sustainable adj. 可持续的；feasible adj. 可行的；eligible adj.合格的。

根据句意feasible切题故选C.42. A。

名词辨析题。

这本书讲述的是这些基本的信仰和价值观是如何影响美国生活中的重要层面的。

facet n. 方面；format n. 格式；formula n. 化学式，配方；fashion n.时尚。

43. B。

动词辨析题。

找到石油是回事，但提取石油并将其运送到工业地带是另一回事。

permeate v. 渗透；extract vt. 提取；distinguish vt. 辨别；concentrate vt.集中注意力。

根据句意extract切题故选B.44. A。

形容词辨析题。

在亚洲的课堂里，学生要服从老师并保持安静。

obedientadj.服从的听话的；overwhelming adj. 压倒性的，极度的；skeptical adj.怀疑的；subsidiary adj.次要的，附属的。

根据句意obedient切题故选A.45. D。

本题考查固定搭配的掌握。

我社记者刚打电话来说援救小组会努力救出被围困的矿工。

endeavour to 试图，努力；effect n. 效果；affect vt. 影响；conceive (of) 想出，构思。

根据句意endeavour切题故选D.46. D。

此题考查动词固定搭配的掌握。

西班牙队去年输给德国队，下周它会尽最大努力报仇雪耻。

revenge oneself on sb. 是固定搭配，“向某人报仇”的意思，故选D. remedy v. 补救，治疗；reproach v. 责备；revive v.复活，复兴。

47. B。

形容词辨析题。

Mason的话引起许多困惑，他意识到他最好向观众明确表达自己的意思。

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2002年12月大学英语六级CET6真题及答案Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Example: You will hear:You will read:A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) It has nothing to do with the Internet.B) She needs another week to get it ready.C) It contains some valuable ideas.D) It’s far from being ready yet.2. A) The woman is strict with her employees.B) The man always has excuses for being late.C) The woman is a kind-hearted boss.D) The man’s alarm clock didn’t work t hat morning.3. A) The woman should try her luck in the bank nearby.B) The bank around the corner is not open today.C) The woman should use dollars instead of pounds.D) The bank near the railway station closes late.4. A) Make an appointment with Dr. Chen.B) Wait for about three minutes.C) Call again some times later.D) Try dialing the number again.5. A) He is sure they will succeed in the next test.B) He did no better than the woman in the test.C) He believes she will pass the test this time.D) He felt upset because of her failure.6. A) The woman has to attend a summer course to graduate.B) The man thinks the woman can earn the credits.C) The woman is begging the man to let her pass the exam.D) The woman is going to graduate from summer school.7. A) Fred is planning a trip to Canada.B) Fred usually flies to Canada with Jane.C) Fred persuaded Jane to change her mind.D) Fred likes the beautiful scenery along the way to Canada.8. A) Hang some pictures for decoration.B) Find room for the paintings.C) Put more coats of paint on the wall.D) Paint the walls to match the furniture.9. A) He’ll give a lecture on drawing.B) He doesn’t mind if the woman goes to the lecture.C) He’d rather not go to the lecture.D) He’s going to attend the lecture.10. A) Selecting the best candidate.B) Choosing a campaign manager.C) Trying to persuade the woman to vote for him.D) Running for chairman of the student union.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the endof each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) To study the problems of local industries.B) To find ways to treat human wastes.C) To investigate the annual catch of fish in the Biramichi River.D) To conduct a study on fishing in the Biramichi River.12. A) Lack of oxygen. C) Low water level.B) Overgrowth of water plants. D) Serious pollution upstream.13. A) They’ll be closed down.B) They’re going to dismiss some of their employees.C) They’ll be moved to other places.D) They have no money to build chemical treatment plants.14. A) There were fewer fish in the river.B) Over-fishing was prohibited.C) The local Chamber of Commerce tried to preserve fishes.D) The local fishing cooperative decided to reduce its catch.Passage TwoQuestions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.15. A) Oral instructions recorded on a tape.B) A brief letter sealed in an envelope.C) A written document of several pages.D) A short note to their lawyer.16. A) Refrain from going out with men for five years.B) Stop wearing any kind of fashionable clothes.C) Bury the dentist with his favorite car.D) Visit his grave regularly for five years.17. A) He was angry with his selfish relatives.B) He was just being humorous.C) He was not a wealthy man.D) He wanted to leave his body for medical purposes.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) They thought it quite acceptable.B) They believed it to be a luxury.C) They took it to be a trend.D) They considered it avoidable.19. A) Critical. C) Sceptical.B) Serious. D) Casual.20. A) When people consider marriage an important part of their lives.B) When the costs of getting a divorce become unaffordable.C) When the current marriage law is modified.D) When husband and wife understand each other better.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Bill Gates, the billionaire Microsoft chairman without a single earned university degree, is by his success raising new doubts about the worth of the business world’s favorite academic title: the MBA (Master of Business Administration).The MBA, a 20th-century product, always has borne the mark of lowly commerce and greed (贪婪) on the tree-lined campuses ruled by purer disciplines such as philosophy and literature.But even with the recession apparently cutting into the hiring of business school graduates, about 79,000 people are expected to receive MBAs in 1993. This is nearly 16 times the number of business graduates in 1960, a testimony to the widespread assumption that the MBA is vital for young men and women who want to run companies some day.“If you are going into the corporate world it is still a disadvantage not to ha ve one,” said Donald Morrison, professor of marketing and management science. “But in the last five years or so, when someone says, ‘Should I attempt to get an MBA,’ the answer a lot more is: It depends.”The success of Bill Gates and other non-MBAs, such as the late Sam Walton of Wal-Mart Stores Inc., has helped inspire self-conscious debates on business school campuses over the worth of a business degree and whether management skills can be taught.The Harvard Business Review printed a lively, fictional exchange of letters to dramatize complaints about business degree holders.The article called MBA hires “extremely disappointing” and said “MBAs want to move up too fast, they don’t understand politics and people, and they aren’t able to function as part of a team until their third year. But by then, they’re out looking for other jobs.”The problem, most participants in the debate acknowledge, is that the MBA has acquired an aura (光环) of future riches and power far beyond its actual importance and usefulness.Enrollment in business schools exploded in the 1970s and 1980s and created the assumption that no one who pursued a business career could do without one. The growth was fueled by a backlash (反冲) against the anti-business values of the 1960s and by the wo men’s movement.Business people who have hired or worked with MBAs say those with the degrees often know how to analyze systems but are not so skillful at motivating people. “They don’t get a lot of grounding in the people side of the business,” said James Shaffer, vice-president and principal of the Towers Perrin management consulting firm.21. According to Paragraph 2, what is the general attitude towards business on campuses dominated by purer disciplines?A) Scornful C) Envious.B) Appreciative. D) Realistic.22. It seems that the controversy over the value of MBA degrees has been fueled mainly by ______.A) the complaints from various employersB) the success of many non-MBAsC) the criticism from the scientists of purer disciplinesD) the poor performance of MBAs at work23. What is the major weakness of MBA holders according to The Harvard Business Review?A) They are usually serf-centered.B) They are aggressive and greedy.C) They keep complaining about their jobs.D) They are not good at dealing with people.24. From the passage we know that most MBAs _______.A) can climb the corporate ladder fairly quicklyB) quit their jobs once they are familiar with their workmatesC) receive salaries that do not match their professional trainingD) cherish unrealistic expectations about their future25. What is the passage mainly about?A) Why there is an increased enrollment in MBA programs.B) The necessity of reforming MBA programs in business schools.C) Doubts about the worth of holding an MBA degree.D) A debate held recently on university campuses.Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.When school officials in Kalkaska, Michigan, closed classes last week, the media flocked to the story, portraying the town’s 2,305 students as victims of stingy (吝啬的) taxpayers. There is some truth to that; theproperty-tax rate here is one-third lower than the state average. But shutting their schools also allowed Kalkaska’s educators and the state’s largest teachers’ union, the Michigan Education Association, to make a political point. Their aim was to spur passage of legislation Michigan lawmakers are debating to increase the state’s share of school funding.It was no coincidence that Kalkaska shut its schools two weeks after residents rejected a 28 percent property-tax increase. The school board argued that without the increase it lacked the $1.5 million needed to keep schools open.But the school system had not done all it could to keep the schools open. Officials declined to borrow against next year’s state aid, they refused to trim extracurricular activities and they did not consider seeking a smaller—perhaps more acceptable—tax increase. In fact, closing early is costing Kalkaska a significant amount, including $600,000 in unemployment payments to teachers and staff and $250,000 in lost state aid. In February, the school system promised teachers and staff two months of retirement payments in case schools closed early, a deal that will cost the district $275,000 more.Other signs suggest school authorities were at least as eager to make a political statement as to keep schools open. The Michigan Education Association hired a public relations firm to stage a rally marking the school closings, which attracted 14 local and national television stations and networks. The president of the National Education Association, the MEA’s parent organization, flew from Washington, D. C., for the event. And the union tutored school officials in the art of television interviews. School supervisor Doyle Disbrow acknowledges the district could have kept schools open by cutting programs but denies the moves were politically motivated.Michigan lawmakers have reacted angrily to the closings. The state Senate has already voted to put the system into receivership (破产管理) and reopen schools immediately; the Michigan House plans to consider the bill this week.26. We learn from the passage that schools in Kalkaska, Michigan, are funded ______.A) by both the local and state governmentsB) exclusively by the local governmentC) mainly by the state governmentD) by the National Education Association27. One of the purposes for which school officials closed classes was _______.A) to avoid paying retirement benefits to teachers and staffB) to draw the attention of local taxpayers to political issuesC) to make the financial difficulties of their teachers and staff known to the publicD) to pressure Michigan lawmakers into increasing state funds for local schools28. The author seems to disapprove of _______.A) the Michigan lawmakers’ endless de batingB) the shutting of schools in KalkaskaC) the involvement of the mass mediaD) delaying the passage of the school funding legislation29. We learn from the passage that school authorities in Kalkaska are more concerned about _______.A) a raise in the property-tax rate in MichiganB) reopening the schools there immediatelyC) the attitude of the MEA’s parent organizationD) making a political issue of the closing of the schools30. According to the passage, the closing of the schools developed intoa crisis because of ______.A) the complexity of the problemB) the political motives on the part of the educatorsC) the weak response of the state officialsD) the strong protest on the part of the students’ parentsPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.German Chancellor (首相) Otto Von Bismarck may be most famous for his military and diplomatic talent, but his legacy (遗产) includes many of today’s social insurance programs. During the middle of the 19th century, Germany, along with other European nations, experienced an unprecedented rash of workplace deaths and accidents as a result of growing industrialization. Motivated in part by Christian compassion (怜悯) for the helpless as well as a practical political impulse to undercut the support of the socialist labor movement, Chancellor Bismarck created the world’s first workers’ compensation law in 1884.By 1908, the United States was the only industrial nation in the world that lacked workers’ compensation insurance. America’s inj ured workers could sue for damages in a court of law, but they still faced a number of tough legal barriers. For example, employees had to prove that their injuries directly resulted from employer negligence and that they themselves were ignorant about potential hazards in the workplace. The first state workers’ compensation law in this country passed in 1911, and the program soon spread throughout the nation.After World War II, benefit payments to American workers did not keep up with the cost of living. In fact, real benefit levels were lower in the 1970s than they were in the 1940s, and in most states the maximum benefit was below the poverty level for a family of four. In 1970, President Richard Nixon set up a national commission to study the problems of workers’ compensation. Two years later, the commission issued 19 key recommendations, including one that called for increasing compensation benefit levels to 100 percent of the states’ average weekly wages.In fact, the average compensation benefit in America has climbed from 55 percent of the states’ average weekly wages in 1972 to 97 percent today. But, as most studies show, every 10 percent increase in compensation benefits results in a 5 percent increase in the numbers of workers who file for claims. And with so much more money floating in the workers’compensation system, it’s not surprising that doctors and lawyers have helped themselves to a large slice of the growing pie.31. The world’s first workers’ compensation law was introduced by Bismarck _______.A) to make industrial production saferB) to speed up the pace of industrializationC) out of religious and political considerationsD) for fear of losing the support of the socialist labor movement32. We learn from the passage that the process of industrialization in Europe _______.A) was accompanied by an increased number of workshop accidentsB) resulted in the development of popular social insurance programsC) required workers to be aware of the potential dangers at the workplaceD) met growing resistance from laborers working at machines33. One of the problems the American injured workers faced in getting compensation in the early 19th century was that ______.A) they had to have the courage to sue for damages in a court of lawB) different sums in the U.S. had totally different compensation programsC) America’s average compensation benefit was much lower than the cost of livingD) they had to produce evidence that their employers were responsible for the accident34. After 1972 workers’ comp ensation insurance in the U.S. became more favorable to workers so that _______.A) the poverty level for a family of four went up drasticallyB) there were fewer legal barriers when they filed for claimsC) the number of workers suing for damages increasedD) more money was allocated to their compensation system35. The author ends the passage with the implication that ______.A) compensation benefits in America are soaring to new heightsB) the workers are not the only ones to benefit from the compensation systemC) people from all walks of life can benefit from the compensation systemD) money floating in the compensation system is a huge drain on the U.S. economyPassage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Early in the age of affluence (富裕) that followed World War II, an American retailing analyst named Victor Lebow proclaimed, “Our enormously productive economy ... demands that we make consumption our way of life, that we convert the buying and use of goods into rituals, that we seek our spiritual satisfaction, our ego satisfaction, in consumption. ... We need things consumed, burned up, worn out, replaced and discarded at an ever increasing rate.”Americans have responded to Lebow’s call, and much of the world has followed.Consumption has become a central pillar of life in industrial lands and is even embedded in social values. Opinion surveys in the world’s two largest economies—Japan and the United Sates—show consumerist definitions of success becoming ever more prevalent.Over consumption by the world’s fortunate is an environmental problem unmatched in severity by anything but perhaps population growth. Their surging exploitation of resources threatens to exhaust or unalterably spoil forests, soils, water, air and climate.Ironically, high consumption may be a mixed blessing in human terms, too. The time-honored values of integrity of character, good work, friendship, family and community have often been sacrificed in the rush to riches. Thus many in the industrial lands have a sense that their world of plenty is somehow hollow—that, misled by a consumerist culture, they have been fruitlessly attempting to satisfy what are essentially social, psychological and spiritual needs with material things.Of course, the opposite of overconsumption—poverty—is no solution to either environmental or human problems. It is infinitely worse for peopleand bad for the natural world too. Dispossessed (被剥夺得一无所有的) peasants slash-and-burn their way into the rain forests of Latin America, and hungry nomads (游牧民族) turn their herds out onto fragile African grassland, reducing it to desert.If environmental destruction results when people have either too little or too much, we are left to wonder how much is enough. What level of consumption can the earth support? When does having more cease to add noticeably to human satisfaction?36. The emergence of the affluent society after World War II ________.A) gave birth to a new generation of upper class consumersB) gave rise to the dominance of the new egoismC) led to the reform of the retailing systemD) resulted in the worship of consumerism37. Apart from enormous productivity, another important impetus to high consumption is _______.A) the conversion of the sale of goods into ritualsB) the people’s desire for a rise in their living standardsC) the imbalance that has existed between production and consumptionD) the concept that one’s success is measured by ho w much they consume38. Why does the author say high consumption is a mixed blessing?A) Because poverty still exists in an affluent society.B) Because moral values are sacrificed in pursuit of material satisfaction.C) Because overconsumption won’t last long due to unrestricted population growth.D) Because traditional rituals are often neglected in the process of modernization.39. According to the passage, consumerist culture ________.A) cannot thrive on a fragile economyB) will not aggravate environmental problemsC) cannot satisfy human spiritual needsD) will not alleviate poverty in wealthy countries40. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.A) human spiritual needs should match material affluenceB) there is never an end to satisfying people’s material needsC) whether high consumption should be encouraged is still an issueD) how to keep consumption at a reasonable level remains a problemPart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.41. I have had my eyes tested and the report says that my _______ is perfect.A) outlook C) horizonB) vision D) perspective42 He was looking admiringly at the photograph published by Collins in _______ with the Imperial Museum.A) collection C) collaborationB) connection D) combination43. In those days, executives expected to spend most of their lives in the same firm and, unless they were dismissed for _______, to retire at the age of 65.A) integrity C) incompetenceB) denial D) deduction44. Others viewed the findings with _______, noting that acause-and-effect relationship between passive smoking and cancer remains to be shown.A) optimism C) cautionB) passion D) deliberation45. The 1986 Challenger space-shuttle _______ was caused by unusually low temperatures immediately before the launch.A) expedition C) dismayB) controversy D) disaster46. When supply exceeds demand for any product, prices are _______ to fall.A) timely C) subjectB) simultaneous D) liable47. The music aroused an _______ feeling of homesickness in him.A) intentional C) intenseB) intermittent D) intrinsic48. I bought an alarm clock with a(n) _______ dial, which can be seen clearly in the dark.A) supersonic C) audibleB) luminous D) amplified49. The results are hardly _______; he cannot believe they are accurate.A) credible C) criticalB) contrary D) crucial50. This new laser printer is _______ with all leading software.A) comparable C) compatibleB) competitive D) cooperative51. The ball _______ two or three times before rolling down the slope.A) swayed C) hoppedB) bounced D) darted52. He raised his eyebrows and stuck his head forward and _______ it ina single nod, a gesture boys used then for O.K. when they were pleased.A) shrugged C) jerkedB) tugged D) twisted53. Many types of rock are _______ from volcanoes as solid, fragmentary material.A) flung C) ejectedB) propelled D) injected54. With prices _______ so much, it is difficult for the school to plana budget.A) vibrating C) flutteringB) fluctuating D) swinging55. The person who _______ this type of approach for doing research deserves our praise.A) originated C) generatedB) speculated D) manufactured56. _______ that the demand for power continues to rise at the current rate, it will not be long before traditional sources become inadequate.A) Concerning C) AssumingB) Ascertaining D) Regarding57. Her jewelry _______ under the spotlights and she became the dominant figure at the ball.A) glared C) blazedB) glittered D) dazzled58. Connie was told that if she worked too hard, her health would _______.A) deteriorate C) descendB) degrade D) decay59. We find that some birds _______ twice a year between hot and cold countries.A) transfer C) migrateB) commute D) emigrate60. As visiting scholars, they willingly _______ to the customs of the country they live in.A) submit C) subjectB) conform D) commit61. More than 85 percent of French Canada’s population speaks French asa mother tongue and _______ to the Roman Catholic faith.A) caters C) ascribesB) adheres D) subscribes62. The profes sor found himself constantly _______ the question: “How could anyone do these things?”A) presiding C) ponderingB) poring D) presuming63. Weeks _______ before anyone was arrested in connection with the bank robbery.A) terminated C) overlappedB) elapsed D) expired64. In order to prevent stress from being set up in the metal, expansionjoints are fitted which _______ the stress by allowing the pipe to expand or contract freely.A) relieve C) reclaimB) reconcile D) rectify65. How much of your country’s electrical supply is _______ from water power?A) deduced C) derivedB) detached D) declined66. She had recently left a job and had helped herself to copies of the company’s client data, which she intended to _______ in starting her own business.A) dwell on C) base onB) come upon D) draw upon67. The glass vessels should be handled most carefully since they are _______.A) intricate C) subtleB) fragile D) crisp68. Hill slopes are cleared of forests to make way for crops, but this only _______ the crisis.A) accelerates C) ascendsB) prevails D) precedes69. He blew out the candle and _______ his way to the door.A) converged C) stroveB) groped D) wrenched70. Often such arguments have the effect of _______ rather than clarifying the issues involved.A) obscuring C) tacklingB) prejudicing D) blockingPart IV Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of thepaper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.When women do become managers, do they ring a different style and different skills to the job? Are they better, or worse, managers than men? Are women more highly motivated and __71__ than male managers?Some research __72__ the idea that women bring different attitudes and skills to management jobs, such as greater __73__, an emphasis on affiliation and attachment, and a __74__ to bring emotional factors to bear __75__ making workplace decisions. These differences are __76_ to carry advantages for companies, __77__ they expand the range of techniques that can be used to __78__ the company manage its workforce __79__.A study commissioned by the International Women’s Forum __80__ a management style used by some women managers (and also by some men) that __81__ from the command-and-control style __82__ used by male managers. Using this “interactive leadership” approach, “women __83__ participation, share power and information, __84__ other people’s self-worth, and get others excited about their work. All these __85__ reflect their belief that allowing __86__ to contribute and to feel __87__ and important is a win-win __88__—good for the employees and the organization.” The study’s director __89__ that “interactive leadership may emerge __90__ the management style of choice for many organizations.”71. A) confronted B) commanded C) confined D) committed72. A) supports B) argues C) opposes D) despises73. A) combination B) cooperativeness C) coherence D) correlation74. A) willingness B) loyalty C) sensitivity D) virtue75. A) by B) in C) at D) with76. A) disclosed B) watched C) revised D) seen77. A) therefore B) whereas C) because D) nonetheless78. A) help B) enable C) support D) direct79. A) evidently B) precisely C) aggressively D) effectively80. A) developed B) invented C) discovered D) located。