第六讲 英语时态
英语时态讲解课件
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The present perfect continuous tense combines the ideas of the present perfect and present continuous tense, expressing an action that has been onging in the past and is still onging at the moment of speaking
English tense explanALOGUE
目录
Introduction to English TensePresent tensePast tenseFuture tenseSubjunctive mood
Introduction to English Tense
Summary
This tense is formed by using the presentation form of the verb "to have been" with the - ing form of the main verb Example: "I have been studying English."
Example
"I eat an apple" (present tense) vs. "I ate an apple" (past tense)
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Tense helps us to understand when an action or event takes place relative to the time of speaking or writing
初中英语六种时态复习课件(35张PPT)
②while 引导的从句表示“在……期间”，主从句谓语动词所表示的动 作同时ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ生。这时，主从句都用过去进行时。
e．g.：My father was reading the newspaper while my mother was watching TV.当我的妈妈看电视的时候，我的爸爸正在看报纸。
(2)表示普遍真理或客观事实。 e．g.：The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。 (3)在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。 e．g.：If it doesn't rain tomorrow，we will go for a picnic.如果明天不下 雨，我们将去野餐。 (4)在某些以 here，there 开头的句子中用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作。 e．g.：There goes the bell.铃响了。
(3)现在进行时表示将来 表示位置移动的动词 go，come，leave，fly，start，meet，move 等， 可以用现在进行时表示将要发生的事。 e．g.：We are leaving for London.我们就要动身去伦敦了。
(4)一般现在时表示将来 ①表示按规定或时间表预计要发生的动作。 e．g.：Our plane takes off at 8：10.我们的飞机 8：10 起飞。 ②当主句为一般将来时，或含有情态动词，或是祈使句时，在 if，as soon as，until，when 等引导的状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。 e．g.：I will give him the book as soon as he comes here.他一来这儿， 我就把这本书给他。
(2)表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 e．g.：They are picking apples on a farm all the time.他们一直在农场 摘苹果。 (3)与 always，usually 等词连用，表达说话人强烈的感情，如赞扬、不 满、讨厌等。 e．g.：Mary is always thinking of others instead of herself.玛丽总是为 别人着想，而不为自己着想。
英语时态ppt课件
4. 在以下短语后面的从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将 来时: make sure, make certain, see to it, be sure等.
Please see to it that all the windows are closed before leaving the lab.
5.凡是按预定时间表将要发生的动作也可用一般现在时代 替一般将来时, 例如:汽车、火车、轮船、飞机、上下课 等. (也可用一般将来时) His plane takes off at 11:30. Let’s hurry and see him off.
2. 一般过去时 (often / always / occasionally / 5 days ago / last week / the year before last / on July 1, 1986…)
构成法: 动词过去式
Often I did not see Papa until the evening. He always went to work on foot. I was born in July, 1987.
The manager is kind to us all. (指经理的一贯态度)
The manager is being kind to us all now. (强调暂时性态度, 表示平时对我们大家并不善良)
3. 一般过去时与过去完成时用法比较
客人们昨天已经离开上海. The guests left Shanghai yesterday. (说明left发生在昨天)
Take the umbrella with you in case it rains.
----Don’t allow him to watch TV unless he has finished his homework.
英语语法-现在完成时讲解
第六讲现在完成时1.定义：1）、表示动作或状态在过去已经开始, 持续到现在, 也许还要持续下去,常和for, since, 连用, 表示持续的动作或状态多为延续性动词.eg: We have lived here since 2000.自从2000年以来我们一直住在这里. ( 说明一直住在这里, 也许还会住下去. )She has worked in Nanning for five years.She has been ill for a week.2）表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果.eg: I have lost my pen. 我把钢笔弄丢了. ( 过去某时丢的, 现在还没有找到)I have already watched the TV play. 我已经看过这部电视剧了.--- Have you had your lunch yet ? 你吃过午饭了吗?--- Yes, I have just had it. 是的, 我刚吃过. ( 说明现在饱了)2. 结构: 主语+ have / has + done + …3. 句型: ⑴肯定句: ①主语+ have / has + done + …eg：She has been to Shanghai. 她去过上海.I have finished doing my homework. 我已经完成我的作业了.⑵否定句: ①主语+ have / has + not +done + …eg：I haven’t seen this film. 我没有看过这部电影.eg：She hasn’t finished doing his homework. 她还没有完成她的作业.⑶一般疑问句：① Have / Has + 主语+ done + …eg: Have you seen this film ? Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t .你看过这部电影吗? 是的, 看过. / 不, 没有.eg：Has she finished do ing his homework ? Yes, she has . / No, she hasn’t.她完成她的作业了吗? 是的, 完成了. / 不, 没有.⑷特殊疑问句：①特殊疑问词+ have / has + 主语+ done + …eg: When has you seen this film ? 你什么时候看的这部电影?eg: Who has finished doing his homework ? 谁完成了作业?4. 时间状语：典型的表时间的词与现在完成时连用，这些词有：for 、since、already、yet、ever、never、recently、just、before、so far、by now、once ,twice…等连用.注意: for+一段时间since+过去的某一个时间点I have lived in Nanning for ten years.I have lived in Nanning since ten years ago/ 2002.I haven’t seen him for 15 years .I have never seen him since 1998.already :用于肯定句, 可放在助动词之后、过去分词之前，也可放在句末.I have already finished my homework.yet: 用在疑问句中意为”已经”, 用在否定句中表示”还”, 常放在句末.Have you finished your homework yet?I haven’t finished my homework yet.ever: 曾经用于疑问句中：Have you ever been to Beijing?Have you ever been to Shanghai ? 你去过上海吗?never: 未曾从未I have never traveled by plane before. 我以前从来没有乘飞机旅行过.recently：最近用于肯定否定疑问句中I have been busy recently.We have not seen Tom recently.Have they been here recently.eg: I have just seen Tom.I haven’t heard of it before. 我以前从来没有听说过这件事.They have planted 2000 trees so far.The child has learned 100 English words by now.5. 当与一段时间连用时, 经常用for 加一段时间, 这时候谓语动词一定要用延续性的.非延续性动词----延续性动词改错：They have got married for ten years. I have borrowed this book for a week.get married--- be married borrow --- keepcome ---- be here go --- be away / off buy --- havestart / begin --- be on leave --- be away die --- be deadarrive---be in/at join---be in /be a member of stop---be overreturn----be back open/close---be closed/openeg: He came here three days ago. 他三天前来的这. (一般过去时)He has been here for three days. 他来这已经三天了.(现在完成时与一段时间连用, 非延续性动词变延续性动词. )He went to Dalian last week. 他上周去的大连. ( 一般过去时)He has been away for a week. 他已经离开有一周了. ( 现在完成时)I bought the book last month. 我去年买的这本书. ( 一般过去时)I have had the book for a month. 我保管这本书有一周了. ( 现在完成时)The football match started an hour ago.The football match has been on for an hour.7. 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：1）、侧重点不用，现在完成时是与现在有关的时态，侧重于过去的动作对现在造成影响，而一般过去时是一种过去的时态，侧重于表示过去的动作，与现在无关。
高中英语 考点精析精练 第六讲 时态和语态
第六讲时态和语态典型例题1．高考考查的八种动词时态是：一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时，现在完成时，过去完成时，过去将来时。
2．考生要学会在具体语言环境下使用具体时态的能力，从NMET对动词时态的考查来看，这几年试题的灵活性正逐步加强。
题干中的有效信息由“外显的〞转向“隐蔽的〞，情景中可能不出现明显的时间信息。
3．预计动词时态的考核有如下趋势：经常考查时态的根本知识点，考查时注重在实际场合中的交际应用。
试题的立意由简单直接的“结构立意〞(如状语从句、宾语从句等)转向了“情景立意〞。
试题创设的语境明确，交际情景(对话形式占有一定比例)多是发生在学生学习或日常生活中的真实情况。
4．时态和语态是紧密相连的，高考题中经常把时态和语态一起考查。
应试高分瓶颈1．学习动词的时态和语态时，切不可脱离实际运用的语言，一味死记硬背语法规律的条条框框。
了解了时态的一些常用规那么之后，要留心以英语为母语者在实际生活中是如何使用各种时态和语态的。
2．答题时，研读题干，搜索出尽可能多的“时间参照信息〞，尤其是动词冗余信息中的时间信息。
发现和有效利用这些信息是解决问题的关键。
3．解决时态和语态问题，要遵循如下解题思路：①这个动作可能发生在什么时间?题干句中可参照的时间信息有哪些?②这个动作处于什么状态，是进行中，还是已结束(完成)?限制或修饰这个动作状态信息有哪些?③这个动作与主语的关系，是主动还是被动?只要全面细致地考虑了这些问题的答案，试题的正确答案也就水落石山?◎命题点1 时态◎命题点2 语态命题点l时态本类考题解答锦囊高考对时态的考查除了常用的八种时态外，还需注意以下几点：1． if,unless，even it引导的条件状语从句中，在when，before，until(till)，assoon as，the moment， once引导的时间状语从句中，在no matter what／who／which／when／where,／how或whatever，whoever， whichever，whenever，wherever，however引导的让步状语从句中，如果主句是将来时(往往出现 will/ shall／can／must)或主句是祈使句，从句用一般现在时表示一般将来时。
第六讲非谓语动词
第六讲非谓语动词一、总说：1.概念：不能在句中单独做谓语的动词形式，在句中起名词、形容词或副词作用。
2. 时态和语态：非谓语的时态和语态是相对的，要选择正确的非谓语形式，必须找准参照物，牢记一句口诀：___________________________________。
3. 分类: to do，v-ing和v-ed。
4. 否认形式：在非谓语标志性的单词前加not,即在to, v-ing或v-ed前面加not。
二、不定式：㈠不定式的时态：参照物是_____________，须比拟二者的_______关系。
①一般式to do:表示的动作和谓语动词动作_________或发生在谓语动词动作_______。
. He decided to go with us.I hope to see you next week.②进展式to be doing: 表示的动作和谓语动词动作__________。
. The boy pretended to be working hard.He seems to be reading in his room.③完成式to have done: 表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作_______。
. I’m sorry to have interrupted you.比拟该句和I’m sorry to interrupt you.的区别：㈡不定式的语态：参照物是___________，须比拟二者的________关系。
. a. The library __________ next year is very beautiful. (build)b. The room seems ___________________ already. (tidy up)注：①在easy, hard, difficult, pleasant, interesting等形容词后的不定式由于往往能补充出for sb.〔即动作的发出者〕, 所以通常使用主动形式：. a. The water is not fit to drink.b. The chair is comfortable to sit on.c. The problem is difficult to deal with.②某些动词的不定式作表语，需用主动形式表被动含义：e.g. a. Parents are to blame if their children do not have good manners.b. The house is to let.㈢不定式的句法功能：动词不定式除了不能单独作谓语外，几乎能充当句子中所有的句子成分。
英语十六种时态ppt课件
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2.一般过去时的肯定、疑问、否定三种形式
肯定式
疑问式
否定式
I worked.
Did I work?
I did not work.
He (She, It)worked. Did he (she, it) work? He (She, It) did not work.
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范围扩展
1. 用过去进行时表示现在主要是为了使语气委婉、客气。 I was wondering if you can give me a lift. 我不知你能否让我搭一下车。 （一般过去时也有类似用法，但比较而言，用过去进
行时显得更客气，更加不肯定。）
2.动词be的过去进行时也可表示过去一时的表现或暂时的 状态。
现在进行时表示说话时正在进行的动作或表示目前一段时 间内正在进行的活动，与现在进行时连用的时间状语有now， these days等。
—What is your mother doing now? 你的妈妈正在干什么？ —She is cooking for us. 她正在为我们做饭。 2.现在进行时的具体用法
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用法
例句
(1) 说话瞬间正在发生的动作，常见的时间 They are watching TV now.
状语有now，at the moment等。如果句首有 他们现在正在看电视。
警示性动词look，listen等，主句的动词也 Listen! The bird is singing in the tree.
(2) be (am, is, are) going to + 动词原形 2.一般将来时的用法
英语时态讲解 清晰全面
英语时态时态是英语中一个重要的语法范畴，它表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态以及动作发生或存在的方式。
动作发生的时间可分为现在、过去、将来和过去将来四种形式，动作发生的方式可分为一般、完成、进行和完成进行四种形式。
将这时间形式和动作方式结合起来，就构成了以下16种时态形式(以do为例)：等频度副词连用。
如：She is always complaining. 她总是在抱怨。
3)进行时表示按计划或已安排好要做的事这一用法只适用于某些动词，如：go，come，leave，start，arrive，return，spend，sail，meet，fly 等。
如：The guest is leaving by train tonight. 客人今晚坐火车走。
3. 现在完成时(have/ has done)用法：1) 表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。
I bought a new house, but I _________ (sell) my old one yet, so at the moment I have two houses.2) 表示发生在过去，但对现在仍有影响的动作或情况。
John has broken his left leg.（约翰摔断了左腿。
）3) 在"this is the first/ second/ third…… time that……"句型里要求用完成时。
This is the second time that the products of our company have been shown in the International Exhibition.（这是我公司产品第二次参加国际展览会。
）4) 句型"It is/ has been……since"所使用的两种时态都正确。
It is/ has been 10 years since I last saw him.（从我上次见到他以来已经10年了。
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work 一般 现在 work/ works
进行
完成
完成进行 have been working had been working will have been working
is/am/are have/has working worked
过去 worked was/were had working worked 将来 Will work will be working will have worked
动态动词 1）瞬间动词——表动作瞬间完成者，如 jump, hit, kick, begin, knock… 2）有限动词——表动作历时有限者，如 gather, make, mend, create… 3）无限动词又称持续动词,如 lie, live, work, study, keep, hold ,remain, continue, …
2.
When
does the train leave? Tomorrow is Friday. 4.表现在时刻的动作或状态。如： Are you busy now? I don’t understand.
一般将来时
基本用法： 1. 表示将来时间的动作或状况。 Jane will be twenty next year. 2.和表示将来的时间状语连用，引导这种时间状语 从句的词和短语有when, while, before, after, until, as soon as等。表示将来的时间状语从句一般用现 在时态。如： When I am free, I’ll go to see him. 3. 一般将来时也常和表示将来的条件状语从句连用。 如： If you don’t take my advice, you’ll be sorry.
9.
In the last few years, they ____ a lot of work for us. (do) 10.By the time the policemen arrived, we ____ the thief. (catch) 11.The students did it better than I ___.(expect) 12. Dickens___ a lot of books. (write)
2.
有些动词具备两种性能，有时各类动词还可
以相互转化，如：sit 是无限动词，但在sit down中，它就变成了有限动词。 尽管如此，具备一点关于动词体的知识对 学习时态有好处。比如我们不能说I have bought this for three weeks. （有限动词） 但可以说I’ve studied English for three years.（无限动词）
过去 would 将来 work
would be would have would have working worked been working
动词的体 动作方面，从语法角度讲，称为态；从动词的词性 和词义来讲，称为体。 1. 静态动词： 表内心，爱恶情感活动；如 want, know, think, believe, like, hate, love … 表知觉感觉；如see, hear, smell, hurt，ache 表相互关系。如be, have, belong, contain …
用动词的正确形式填空
1.You are from Guangdong. I___ you were from Fujian. (think) 2.They___ here tomorrow. (come) 现在进行时表按计划或已安排好要做的事，只适用 于某些动词，如：go, come, leave, start等。 3.____ the train ______? (arrive) 4. I shall wait until Mr. Wang ___ back next week. (come) 由when, before, until, if as soon as等引导的时间 状语从句用一般现在表将来。
第六讲 英语时态
时态是用以表示各种时间和动作方面的动词形式。 不同的语言有不同的时态，有的没有。汉语就是借 助词汇表示各种时间和动作方面。英语时态种类较 多，区别细微，习惯性强。 时态由时（时间）和态（形态、动态）构成。时有 四个：现在、过去、将来和过去将来；态有四种： 一般、进行、完成和完成进行。将四个时和四个态 组合，就是时态的种类，共16种。以work为例，将 这16种时态列表如下：
is about to leave. 他马上要动身。 The vacation is about to start. 假期即将开始。
He
改错题
1.
I am singing in the KTV at 4 o’clock tomorrow. 2. I want to go French. 3. Six years ago, he had graduated from the school. 4. He have finished his homework.
5. At that time he was washing the bathroom. 6. I will doing my homework tomorrow this time. 7. Tomorrow 9 o’clock, I’ll have seen my mother. 8. I have been learning English in college. 9. I hope he will have written his new book in the future.
答案
I shall/will be singing …(将来进行时) 2. I will go to France next month. （一般 将来时） 3.去掉had 4. 去掉have 5. 正确 6. will 后加be 7. tomorrow 前加by 8. 加上时间for 3 years 9. in the future – in 2013
13.
I____ a book when he came in. (read) 14. After I___ with him for 3 years, I loved him. (live) 15. I_____ you lived here. (not know) 16. I’ll give you anything that you ____ for. (ask) 17. If he ___ harder, he will catch up with us soon. (study)
I
will have been writing my novel for two years by the end of this year. 对比以下两个句子： I will have been staying in Haikou for 6 months by the end of this month. I have stayed in Haikou for 6 months.
5.
He said that he _____ the work very soon. (finish) 6. I haven’t visited him since I __here. (come) 7. Mr. Green ____ just ____ here. (arrive) 8. Look! Some boys ____ football on the ground. (play)
答案
1.
thought 2. are coming 3. Has, arrived 4. comes 5. would finish 6. came 7. has; arrived 8. are playing 9. have done 10. had caught 11. had expected 12. wrote 13. was reading 14. had lived 15. didn’t know 16. ask 17. studies
表客观真理，科学事实及客观存在。 如： Knowledge is power. Light travels faster than sound. Practice makes perfect. Food easily goes bad in hot weather. 3.用于表示“开始”“停止”“来”“去” 含义的动词中，表示已决定或计划要做的事， 或按自然规律会发生的事。如arrive, be, begin, close, come, depart, end, go, leave, open, stop, start等。
一般将来时其他用法
1.
be going to do:表打算或准备好要做的事或 有迹象要发生的天气变化等。如： The train is going to arrive. Look at the cloud. It is going to rain. 2.有些动词的现在进行时表示将要发生的动 作。表示按计划或安排即将发生的事，这类 动词有：go, come, leave, start, arrive, return, spend, sail等。如： Jane is coming to supper this evening.
3.be to do表示约定、命令或按计划要做的事。如： We are to meet 见。（约定） You are to finish the work by noon. 你必须中午以前完成工作。（命令） 4.一些现在时也可表示计划将要发生的事，但这种 用法只限于某些表示位移的动词。如： The train leaves at nine. When does the school begin? 什么时候开学？ 5. be about to do表示“马上做”或“即将做”的意 思。