北外英汉同传英语基础测试(技能)2015年真题改错部分
2015年北外高翻学院同传英汉互译考研真题,考研参考书,考研经验
高翻学院英汉同传考研解析2015年北京外国语大学英汉同传考研真题解析科目名称：815英汉互译（笔译）(考试时间3小时,•满分150分，全部写在答题纸上，答在试题页上无效)I.Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your translation on the answer sheet.(50points)If you’ve been attentive to the growing series of posts here under the banner of the American Futures project,you know that Deb and Jim Fallows have been examining small,resilient American cities that are home to intriguing innovations and entrepreneurship.A few days ago,as part of the projects recent focus on Burlington,Vermont,I took a look at two of the three great colleges there.Now let’s look in on the third,Champlain College.You’ll see why this one fits the project’s ongoing“American ingenuity”theme.If you could design your ideal college from scratch,what would it look like?Mine would look something like the following.Students would acquire training that makes them immediately employable.TheyM take courses in the liberal arts that would sharpen their skills in writing,analysis,and reasoning.And theyM graduate with some real-life knowledge,such as how to interview for a job. ThereM be no tenure for faculty,but instructors would be made to feel they^e valued members of the enterprise.And administrators would constantly ask themselves;thow can we prepare students for what the world needs of them?MWhile you^re busy designing your version of the ideal,I can take a nap or go fishing,because somebody has already built mine:Champlain College.It is doing everything Tve described and,in the process,is gaining the attention of the higher-ed world.The words Fve heard used to describe Champlain include innovative,nimble,adaptable.A professor from nearby St.MichaeFs College told me,with unabashed admiration,“Champlain is always asking itself‘What works’？”Founded in1878and long known as the Burlington Business College,Champlain assumed its current name in1958,when it had only60students in various associated degree programs.Starting bachelor’s degree programs in1991，the college now enrolls2000undergraduates-an enrollment cap it committed to several years ago in an agreement with the student-rich city of Burlington.When it launched its bachelor's programs,this college long known for training secretaries and accountants,began to reinvent itself,earning respect for its enterprising spirit.The dominant ethos of Champlain—that“what works?”mentality—intensified when David Finney arrived from NYU in2005to become president. Finney quicklyinstituted what he calls a“three-dimensional education”program,an undergraduate curriculum consisting of interdisciplinary liberal-arts courses,a life-skills program,and training for a career.Believing that“American higher education has really lost its way with general-education courses,Finney told me that when he arrived in his new job,he decided to spend all of his“honeymoon capital”as new president to replace the “hodge-podge of courses”that formed the liberal-arts core.He assembled a faculty task force to design a revised core aiming to build habits of mind students will need“not just as they’re leaving here,”Finney says,“but over their lifetime.“A painstaking process of reinvention led to new core courses designed to help students develop global awareness and strengthen their analytical and reasoning abilities,critical reading skills,and writing proficiency.These courses have no tests.The work is heavily oriented toward writing.Classes consist mainly of discussion and project teamwork rather than lectures.Students and faculty are active learners together.A second component of Champlain's undergraduate education comes through its required“Life Experience and Action Dimension”program，which has two parts:(1)some real-world education,emphasizing financial literacy and sophistication(developing a budget,making sense of credit cards,understanding how employee benefits work and why they’re important，etc.)and job skills (marketing oneself，negotiating business contracts,and developing skills in interviewing,networking,etc.);and(2)a community-service element that puts students to work helping Burlington^needy and simultaneously broadeningcultural awareness and a sense of engaged citizenship,(from uWhat Would an Ideal College Look Like?A Lot Like This”）II.Translate the following passage into English and write your translation on the answer sheet.(50points).且夫胸中无识之人，即终日勤于学，而亦无益，俗谚谓为『两脚书橱j。
2015年北京外国语大学357英语翻译基础真题及详解【圣才出品】
2015年北京外国语大学357英语翻译基础真题及详解I. Translate the following terms into Chinese. (15 points, 1 point each)1. Bogor Goals【答案】茂物目标2. FTAAP【答案】亚太自由贸易协定/区（全称：Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific）3. zero-sum game【答案】零和博弈4. ALS【答案】自动着陆系统（全称：Automatic Landing System）5. NASA【答案】美国航空航天局（全称：National Aeronautics and Space Administration）6. genomic variation【答案】基因组变异7. ozone depletion8. sinology【答案】汉学9. bitcoin【答案】比特币10. UNCED【答案】联合国环境与发展会议（全称：United Nations Conference on Environment and Development）11. paparazzi【答案】狗仔队12. amino acid【答案】氨基酸13. digital divide【答案】数字鸿沟14. existentialism15. silver-spoon kids【答案】富二代II. Translate the following terms into English. (15 points, 1 point each) 1. 十八届四中全会【答案】the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee2. 亚太经合组织【答案】APEC: Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation3. 互联互通【答案】interconnection and interworking4. 量化宽松政策【答案】quantitative easing policy5. 公使衔参赞【答案】minister-counselor6. 埃博拉病毒7. 自闭症【答案】Autism8. 防空识别区【答案】ADIZ: Air Defense Identification Zone9. 负面清单【答案】Negative List10. 房产税【答案】housing property tax11. 专利技术【答案】patented technology12. 和而不同【答案】harmony in diversity13. 地沟油【答案】swill-cooked dirty oil14. 真人秀【答案】reality show15. 逆袭【答案】counteroffensiveIII. Translate the following passage into Chinese. (60 points)The 1992 Rio conference was a high watermark for environmental law. Despite all the many accomplishments since then, we must now acknowledge that Rio has not fulfilled the promises with which the world invested it. After 50 years of diligent and sophisticated work by environmental lawyers on legislation, regulation, principles, treaties, and judicial decisions, how is it that the “actual landscape” of the world’s resources is still “slipping two steps backward for each forward stride”?Part of the explanation for that disappointing result can be found in the statements issued by a distinguished international collection of prosecutors, judges, and legal scholars at the Rio+20-related World Congress on Justice, Governance, and Law for Environmental Sustainability. They focused almost exclusively on matters of substantive doctrine and legal procedure. Recommitment to enhancing “law” in this narrow sense—a body of formal rules and principles and the judicial and prosecutorial mechanisms for their application and enforcement —certainly has great value, and that work should go forward vigorously. But theongoing ecological deterioration is traceable in large part to pervasive social and political attitudes favoring a growth-based model of economic “development” that steadily intensifies humanappropriation of planetary resources.To address the root of the problem, it will be argued here, environmental law needs a more expansive society-based conception of “law,” one that activates law as a social institution engaged broadly with the habits and customs, the expectations and aspirations, of people and organizations in their daily lives. Environmental lawyers, then, need a fresh and bold reimagination of their mission, to hone and use their persuasive and analytical skills in creative ways to alter the social dynamic underlying environmental change and to foment a deep commitment to effective stewardship of resources.【参考译文】1992年的里约会议标志着环境法达到了最高水平。
2015年专八改错真题.doc
2005年3月21日专业八级考试改错When I was in my early teens, I was taken to a spectacular showon ice by the mother of a friend. Looked round a the luxury of the 1.rink, my friend’s mother remarked on the “plush” seats we had beengiven. I did not know what she meant, and being proud of my 2 vocabulary, I tried to infer its meaning from the context. “Plush”was clearly intended as a complimentary, a positive evaluation; that 3.much I could tell it from the tone of voice and the context. So I 4. started to use the word. Yes, I replied, they certainly are plush, andso are the ice rink and the costumes of the skaters, aren’t they? Myfriend’s mother was very polite to correct me, but I could tell from her 5. expression that I had not got the word quite right.Often we can indeed infer from the context what a word roughlymeans, and that is in fact the way which we usually acquire both 6.new words and new meanings for familiar words, specially in our 7.own first language. But sometimes we need to ask, as I should haveasked for Plush, and this is particularly true in the 8. aspect of a foreign language. If you are continually surrounded by 9. speakers of the language you are learning, you can ask them directly,but often this opportunity does not exist for the learner of English.So dictionaries have been developed to mend the gap. 10.2016One of America’s most important export is her modern music. __1__American popular music is playing all over the world. It is enjoyed __2__by people of all ages in all countries. Because the lyrics are English, __3__nevertheless people not speaking English enjoy it. The reasons for its popularity are its fast pace and rhythmic beat.The music has many origins in the United States. Country music, coming from the suburban areas in the southern United States, is one __4__source. Country music features simple themes and melodies describing day-to-day situations and the feelings of country people. Many people appreciate this music because the emotions expressed by country __5__music songs.A second origin of American popular music is the blues. It depicted __6__mostly sad feelings reflecting the difficult lives of American blacks. It is usually played and sung by black musicians, but it is not popular with __7__all Americans. Rock music is a newer form of music. This music style, featuring fast and repetitious rhythms, was influenced by the blues and country music. It is first known as rock-and- roll in the 1950’s. Since then there __8__have been many forms of rock music, hard rock, soft rock, punk rock, disco music and others. Many performers of popular rock music are young musicians.American popular music is marketed to a demanding audience. Now popular songs are heard on the radio several times a day. Some songs become popular all over the world. People hear these songs sing __9__in their original English or sometimes translated into other languages. The wordsmay coincide but the enjoyment of the music is universal. __10__参考答案:1改export为exportsexport作可数名词时指出口商品,同时根据one of 结构也可以知道这里export要用复数结构.2 改playing为played动词play和句子主语American popular music是逻辑动宾关系,必须用被动语态.3 改Because为Though或者Although此句为让步状语从句.4 改suburban为rural这里属于词义用错,suburban为城市郊区,乡村音乐显然来自乡村地区.5 改because为because of6 改depicted为depicts本句错在时态.句意为“blues大多抒发哀伤情感,反映美国黑人的艰难生活.”为与全文主导时态一致,不能用过去时.此外,blues现在的风格依旧,故用现在时.7 将not去掉.8 改is为was此句有过去时间状语in the 1950’s, 陈述过去的一个事实,故用一般过去时态.9 改sing为sungsung 引导过去分词短语作宾语补足语,表被动意思.10 改coincide为differ(在may后加not也可以)此句含有连词but,整个句意含有转折语气.。
2015年北京卷(英语)含答案
绝密★启用前2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(北京卷)第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话你将听一遍。
【B】1. What kind of music does the woman like?A. Classical music.B. Rock music.C. Country music.【A】2. Which sweater will the man take?A. The red one.B. The blue one.C. The yellow one.【A】3. How will the man pay?A. In cash.B. By credit card.C. By traveler’s cheque.【B】4. Where are the woman’s keys?A. In her pocket.B. On the floor.C. On the table.【C】5. What will the man probably do tonight?A. Read Chapter 4.B. Study in the library.C. Watch the football match.第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）听下面4段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。
听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白你将听两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
【C】6. What is the relationship between the two speakers?A. Travel agent and customer.B. Husband and wife.C. Boss and secretary.【A】7. When will the meetings end?A. At 3:00 pm.B. At 5:00 pm.C. At 6:30 pm.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
2015北外高翻英汉互译(英汉同传)真题
北外英汉同传2015年考研英汉互译真题一、英译汉1.“Millions of people belonging to national,ethnic,religious and linguistic minorities are trapped in a cycle of discrimination,exclusion,poverty and underdevelopment from which they cannot break free without targeted attention being given to their situations,”said UN Independent Expert on minority issues,during the presentation of her latest report to the Human Rights Council in Geneva.“Disadvantaged minorities should be among the first targets of development strategies,yet too often they have been among the last,”she insisted,challenging States and development actors to do more to ensure that the new post-2015development goals and strategies respond to the situation of the most deprived minorities.Her report singles out lack of attention to the situation of minorities as one of the most serious deficiencies of the Millennium Development Goals,a set of targets agreed by world leaders at the start of the new century to drastically diminish the number of people affected by a raft of poverty,health and development challenges by2015.“The rise of inequality has severely undermined the achievements in many States,”she warned.“Future development goals must include dedicated attention to minorities to contribute to closing the inequality gap.”2.Rapidly declining fertility–especially if rates go very low–does pose challenges.Yet it also can provide substantial benefits that have received less attention.First,as noted,fertility decline is associated nearly everywhere with greater rights and opportunities for women.The deferral of marriage and the reduction of births to two,one or none across so much of the world–and,again,in countries that are still far from rich–are broadly consistent with the higher educational attainment and career aspirations of young women.It is no surprise that the hand-wringers over fertility decline are usually men.Second,the workforces of societies with low-to-moderate fertility rates often achieve higher levels of productivity than do higher fertility societies.This is one reason China’s economicgrowth far outstripped India’s from1970to2010–a period when fertility declined rapidly in China(though only partly because of the one-child policy,now being relaxed),but did not decline as much in most of India.Third,by enhancing the employment and career experiences of young adults,lower fertility can also bring about greater social and political stability.High-fertility societies commonly produce large numbers of young adults who have trouble finding productive employment–many experts have attributed everything from terrorism to the Arab Spring to this“youthquake”of disaffected young adults in the Middle East and North Africa–but this begins to change20to30 years after fertility rates start to decline.Finally,lower fertility rates may gradually reduce the incentives that have led a surprisingly large number of governments to encourage the emigration of their own young citizens,both to find work and send home hard-currency savings,as well as to remove them from potential political activism at home.二、汉译英1.中国在加强本国文化建设的同时，希望扩大自己对外的文化影响和"软实力"。
2015年北京第二外国语学院硕士研究生入学考试《基础英语》真题及详解
2015年北京第二外国语学院硕士研究生入学考试《基础英语》真题(总分：150.00，做题时间：180分钟)一、Grammar(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The back garden of our house contains a lawn _____ a paradise for our children.（分数：1.00）A.which is √B.which it isC.it isD.where it is解析：句意：我家的后花园有一片草坪，那是我们孩子玩耍的天堂。
which引导定语从句，代替先行词lawn在句中作主语。
2. _____ before, his first performance for the amateur dramatic group was a SUCCESS.（分数：1.00）A.Though having never actedB.As he had never actedC.Despite he had never actedD.In spite of his never having acted √解析：句意：虽然他以前从未表演过，但他为业余剧团做的首次表演还是很成功。
in spite of 意为"尽管，虽然"，后接名词或名词性短语，引出状语。
选项A没有主语或逻辑主语，选项B是原因状语从句，选项C的despite不能引导状语从句，因为它是介词。
3.Our civilization cannot be thought of as _____ in a short period of time.（分数：1.00）A.to have been createdB.to be createdC.having been created √D.being created解析：句意：不应把我们的文明看作是短期内创造出来的。
as在这里是介词，后面应接名词性质的词， create的动作是过去发生的，所以选C。
2015年北京第二外国语学院英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2015年北京第二外国语学院英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 词语翻译 2. 英汉互译词语翻译英译汉1．Central Intelligence Agency正确答案：[美国]中央情报局2．A Tale of Two Cities正确答案：《双城记》3．National Basketball Association正确答案：美国职业篮球联赛4．Hubble Space Telescope正确答案：哈勃太空望远镜5．Charter of the United Nations正确答案：《联合国宪章》6．International Monetary Fund正确答案：国际货币基金组织7．General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade正确答案：关贸总协定8．Intellectual Property Rights正确答案：知识产权9．government procurement正确答案：政府采购10．most-favored-nation treatment正确答案：最惠国待遇11．bilateral arrangement正确答案：双边协议12．Global Positioning System正确答案：全球卫星定位系统13．American Commodities Exchange正确答案：美国商品交易所14．the Dow-Jones industrial average正确答案：道琼斯工业指数15．the United Nations Peace-keeping Forces 正确答案：联合国维和部队汉译英16．《诗经》正确答案：The Book of Songs17．直译正确答案：literal translation18．世界文化遗产正确答案：World Cultural Heritage19．动态对等正确答案：dynamic equivalence20．综合国力正确答案：comprehensive national strength21．中国工商银行正确答案：Industrial and Commercial Bank of China 22．国家外汇储备正确答案：state foreign exchange reserves23．扩大内需正确答案：expand domestic demand24．海峡两岸关系正确答案：cross-strait relation25．国家外汇管理局正确答案：State Administration of Foreign Exchange(SAFE) 26．全国人民代表大会正确答案：National People’s Congress27．南水北调工程正确答案：South-North water diversion project28．农村剩余劳动力正确答案：surplus rural workers29．经济结构战略性调整正确答案：strategic adjustment of the economic structure 30．磁悬浮铁路正确答案：magnetic levitation railway英汉互译英译汉31．The Road to SuccessIt is well that young men should begin at the beginning and occupy the most subordinate positions. Many of the leading businessmen of Pittsburgh had a serious responsibility thrust upon them at the very threshold of their career. They were introduced to the broom, and spent the first hours of their business lives sweeping out the office. I notice we have janitors and janitresses now in offices, and our young men unfortunately miss that salutary branch of business education. But if by chance the professional sweeper is absent any morning, the boy who has the genius of the future partner in him will not hesitate to try his hand at the broom. It does not hurt the newest comer to sweep out the office if necessary. I was one of those sweepers myself.Assuming that you have all obtained employment and are fairly started, my advice to you is “aim high. “ I would not give a fig for the young man who does not already see himself the partner or the head of an important firm. Do not rest content for a moment in your thoughts as head clerk, or foreman, or general manager in any concern, no matter how extensive. Say to yourself, “My place is at the top. “ Be king in your dreams.And here is the prime condition of success, the great secret: concentrate your energy, thought, and capital exclusively upon the business in which you are engaged. Having begun in one line, resolve to fight it out on that line, to lead in it, adopt every improvement, have the best machinery, and know the most about it.正确答案：成功之道年轻人应该从头干起，从最底层的工作做起，这是件好事。
2015年北京外国语大学英语翻译基础考研真题,汉语写作与百科知识考研真题,考研参考书,考研经验,重点笔记
2015年北京外国语大学翻译硕士英语翻译基础考研真题词组翻译：1、Bogor Goals2、FTAAP3、zero-sum game4、ALS5、NASA6、genomic variation7、ozone depletion8、sinology9、bitcoin10、UNCED11、Paparazzi12、amino acid13、Digital divide14、Existentialism15、Silver-spoon kids1)十八届四中全会2)亚太经合组织3)互联互通4)量化宽松政策5)公使衔参赞6)埃博拉病毒资料来源：育明考研考博官网7)自闭症8)防空识别区9)负面清单10)房产税11)专利技术12)和而不同13)地沟油14)真人秀15)逆袭英译汉：关于环境立法之类的汉译英：孟子的“四端”《中庸》，恻隐之心，礼义廉耻之类的，价值观（四）英语主谓结构与汉语“主题+述题”结构对译由于英语句子总是主谓结构，而汉语句子更多的是“主题+述题”结构，所以将英语句子译成汉语时，往往可以译成“主题+述题”结构，特别是当相应的主谓结构有点拗口时。
例如：37）I knew nothing about it.这件事我一点儿都不知道。
试比较：我对这件事一点也不知道。
38）Can I read the book first?这本书我可以先看吗？试比较：我可以先看这本书吗？39）Somehow I doubt it.这我倒有点怀疑。
资料来源：育明考研考博官网试比较：我有点怀疑这个。
40）I’ve been wondering about something.原译：我一直纳闷某件事。
改译：有件事儿我一直很纳闷。
41）My son is using the car this morning and will be this afternoon.原译：我儿子今早一直在用汽车而且要用到下午。
（《中国翻译》1990年，第2期，第27页）改译：汽车我儿子上午在用，而且下午还要用。
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北外英语基础测试2015年真题改错部分
There has been much talk in recent years about the end of the
book,but the Austen industry appears to have heard the news.All four of the 1._____ books under reviewing are published in high-quality hardback editions, 2._____ with Bharat Tandon’s annotated edition of Emma being the most handsome. 3._____ Its large size and heavy weight,complemented by thick,wood-textured
endpapers,acid-free cream-vellum paper,generous margins and woven
bindings that suggest an object important in its own right,an object and a form 4._____ That will not go quiet into he goodnight.5_____
Holding a book of this size and weight,one is reminded not only of the book
as a thing,but also of the important role that things themselves play in books.
In literary studies,this has fostered a new method of criticism under
the heading of“thing theory”.Taking its cue from the anthropology, 6._____ this practice considers how objects are invested with meanings beyond
their material existence.
It would be a mistake,however,to read Austen’s fiction as primarily,or even predominantly,about things.In a letter,Austen famously concluded that“three or
four families in a country village is the very thing to work”,and her novels7._____ focus not only on the courtship plots that structure her narratives,
but also on the manners,the judgement,the
subtlety and the tact requiring to negotiate day-to-day encounters with those8._____ whom,like Mrs Elton in Emma,one often loathes but of whom one will likely
Never be free.They are novels of social evaluation,of minutely9._____ and careful observation,both of manners and of internal mental processes,
novels in which ideas and thoughts matter.Austen’s works,however,are10._____
novels in which even seemingly simple words bear multiple resonances, and in this context,Tandon’s notes are superb.。