高二英语话题阅读训练 Week Fifteen动物世界
中考英语分类阅读及讲解汇编(十一)动物世界
中考英语分类阅读及讲解汇编（十一）动物世界10Clever DogsAlmost everyone likes dogs, and almost everyone likes to read stories about dogs.I have a friend who has a large police dog. Its name is Jack. Police dogs are often very clever. Every Sunday afternoon my friend takes Jack for a long walk in the park. Jack likes these long walks very much.One Sunday afternoon a young man came to visit my friend. He stayed a long time. He talked and talked. Soon it was time for my friend to take Jack for his walk. But the visitor still stayed. Jack became very worried. He walked around the room several times and then sat down in front of the visitor and looked at him. But the visitor paid no attention. He continued talking. Finally Jack could stand it no longer. He went out of the room and came back a few minutes later. He sat down again in front of the visitor but this time he held the visitor’s hat in his mouth.Here is another story about a clever dog. It was a seeing-eye dog. A seeing-eye dog is a special dog which helps blind people walk along the streets and do many other things. We call these dogs “seeing-eye” dogs because they are the “eyes” of the blind man and they help him to “see”. These dog usually go to special schools for several years to learn to help blind people.One day a seeing-eye dog and a blind man got on a bus together. The bus was full of people and there no seats. But one man soon got up and left his seat. The dog took the blind man to the seat, but there was very little space. The dog began to push the people on each side with his nose. He pushed and pushed until the people moved and finally there was enough space for two people. The blind man then sat down and the dog got up on the seat at his side. He lay down and put his head on the leg of the blind man. He was very comfortable and soon fell asleep. Everyone on the bus had to smile at the dog.Dogs are our best friends. Do you agree with me?1. The dog Jack held the visitor’s hat in his mouth to show that ______.A. he liked the hat very muchB. he wanted the visitor to leave immediatelyC. he wished to sit in front of the visitorD. he tried to join in the talk2. What does a seeing-eye dog do? A seeing-eye dog ______.A. helps blind menB. takes blind men to special schoolsC. finds a seat on a busD. does many things for people3. Why couldn’t everyone on the bus help smiling at the dog?A. He fell asleep on the leg of the blind manB. He found an empty seat for the blind man as soon as he got on the busC. He was able to make enough space for both the blind man and himselfD. He made a man get up from his seat4. The writer calls a dog man’s best friend because ______.A. a dog never troubles manB. a dog knows how to make himself comfortableC. a dog never interrupts when man has a visitorD. a dog often shows quick mind and helps man5. Finally there was enough ______ for two peopleA. placeB. roomC. seatD. ground Key: 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.B。
2022年高一英语专题阅读理解专项练习：WeekFifteen自然环境 Word版含答案
Week Fifteen 自然环境一、阅读理解（共20小题；共40.0分）ADespite recent storms during the autumn and first part of the winter, drought conditions are forecast to continue over a large part of the Plains.Rainfall has been enough over the Ohio and lower Mississippi basins. However, unless there is a big turn later this winter and spring, more important problems could be ahead for the Mississippi River above the Ohio River connection.While a storm is forecast to swing northeastward over the Central states, much of the rain may fall south and east of St. Louis. Mississippi River levels are expected to dip again next week at St. Louis.Engineers has been taking steps to keep the shipping channel open by digging the river bottom, removing rocks and placing barriers under the water to reduce shifting soil. The rest is up to Mother Nature. Barge companies have been limiting their loads due to the low water levels.Snow fell over part of the winter wheat belt with the storm just after Christmas 2022. However, much more moisture is needed through the winter and into the spring.According to Dale Mohler, "One of the big problems the Central states had last spring was a lack of thunderstorms". These groups of thunderstorms are the major source for spring rainfall and runoff over the Plains and Midwest, following melting snow early."There are concerns for drought continuing over the central High Plains and the northern Plains in general going into the spring," Pastelok stated that the pattern does not look to be as dry of a start this spring, when compared to last year from Iowa to the Ohio Valley and some moisture is likely to make appearances over the southern Plains.There is also some good news for the Southeast. "Signs are that the drought—abnormally dry areas over Georgia and the Carolinas will shrink moving through the winter and should be mostly gone by the spring," Pastelok said.1. Which place is still facing the serious drought?A. The central High Plains.B. Lower Mississippi basins.C. Over the Ohio River.D. Areas over Georgia.2. By saying "the rest is up to mother nature", the writer means .A. the rest is to deal with natureB. the rest is at the mercy of natureC. the rest will be in control of natureD. the rest are busy conquering nature3. What role do the thunderstorms play in the central states?A. They will flood these states in summer.B. They will cause snow to melt early in spring.C. They will bring a lot of rainfall there.D. They will get these states to become dry.4. Patelok's attitude to the drought in the Southeast was .A. doubtfulB. disappointedC. concernedD. optimistic5. What might be the most suitable title for the passage?A. Drought Continues in Spite of Recent Storms in AmericaB. America Suffered the Most serious Drought in HistoryC. Many Southern States in America Are Facing DroughtD. More Storms will Solve the Drought Problem in AmericaBThe bad reputation icebergs sometimes have isn't entirely deserved—even if the scientists who study these floating islands of ice are the first to admit just how risky they can be. These same experts are learning more about how helpful icebergs can be for life too.Icebergs, scientists are discovering, play host to all kinds of life—everything from tiny organisms called phytoplankton to huge whales.Finding how and why animals choose to make their homes in and around icebergs hasn't proven an easy task for scientists. Icebergs rise to towering heights and even more terrible depths. To study them underwater, scientists may sink scientific instruments hundreds of meters to the chilly seafloor. To understand what's going on dozens of metersup on top, these experts may depend on remote-controlled aircraft. Meanwhile, waves may rock and wet scientists waving in nearby boats.The biologists Ken Smith and Ron Kaufmann have sailed through the waters that surround Antarctica to get up close with icebergs. No matter how curious the researchers may be, they do most of their admiring from afar."When an iceberg breaks off from an ice sheet, the last place you want to be is anywhere near it," says Kaufmann. "A lot of icebergs are cracked, and huge sheets can come off at any time," adds Smith. "They can drop a huge piece of ice into the water, and the problem is that it creates a huge wave, which could flood your ship."The planet is warming. As a result, the ice is melting. More melting means more icebergs calve from the edges of the ice sheets where they meet the ocean. Melting icebergs don't just let go huge quantities of freshwater into the ocean—they also deliver a lot of the fertilizer that phytoplankton need.Importantly, tiny phytoplankton provide much more than dinner. They also consume carbon dioxide—about as much as do all the plants on land.So more global warming could mean more icebergs. And more icebergs could mean more phytoplankton. In turn, more phytoplankton may lead to less carbon dioxide in Earth's air and water.Will iceberg communities help slow the rate at which global temperatures are rising? It's still unclear.6. The third paragraph is mainly about .A. the difficulty of studying icebergsB. the method of studying icebergsC. the benefits of studying icebergsD. the scientific equipment of studying icebergs7. From what Kaufmann said, we can infer that .A. the nearer to the icebergs, the safer it isB. it is very dangerous to get close to icebergsC. icebergs are the last place people never land onD. an ice sheet can form into many icebergs8. The underlined word "calve" may mean .A. cut offB. fall offC. break offD. put off9. What is the final result of more icebergs?A. They may increase the amount of carbon dioxide.B. They become shelter for phytoplankton.C. They provide food for various organisms.D. They may slow the speed of global warming.10. The passage mainly tells us that .A. icebergs host large and lively communities of lifeB. icebergs are a threat to the safety of sailingC. icebergs are floating across oceans slowlyD. icebergs are home to many sea animalsCVisit the beach on a hot afternoon and you may not realize it, but someone—or rather something—is watching from above. If you stand in the right place, the silent watcher's unseen spotlight will pass right over you, like the spotlight of a police airplane flying overhead.Scientists these days are worried about sea level. As Earth warms, the surface of the ocean is rising upward. This rise is happening partly because salt water increases a tiny bit as it warms. "Warmer water exactly is taller," explains Josh Willis.Sea level also is rising because warm temperatures have prompted glaciers in Antarctica, Greenland and other usually cold places to melt more quickly. Glaciers are essentially rivers of ice, and their melting adds freshwater to the ocean. Antarctica and Greenland are together losing about 350 cubic kilometers of ice per year—enoughmelt-water to fill up 80,000 baseball stadiums. Spread over the world's oceans, that melt-water alone raises sea level about 1 millimeter or so each year.Scientists have long known that sea level changes over time. Paul Hearty, a geologist, has found stones covered in shells some 30 meters above sea level. Those high and dry barnacles are several million years old. They serve as evidence that sea level was once much higher.Sea level has risen and fallen with the ice ages, over hundreds of thousands of years. During past ice ages, oceans were lower because more water was tied up in glaciers on land. But between ice ages, sea level sometimes rose higher than it is today, as melting glaciers sweated their water into the ocean.The big challenge for scientists has been how to measure changes to sea level throughout the past 50 to 100 years. Bruce Douglas, a retired scientist spent years working on this. During the 1980s and 1990s he measured sea level rise by studying records from tide gauges. Harbor operators have relied on these devices for more than 200 years to watch the water level in coastal areas in order to warn ships of running aground. But the gauges measured the level of the world's oceans, which cover 360 million square kilometers, in only 20 or 30 places!11. The second paragraph implies that .A. water level is lower if it is frozenB. salt water is easier to become warmC. the surface of the ocean is reducingD. the ocean is becoming smaller in size12. From the third paragraph we know that .A. Antarctica has the largest amount of ice in the worldB. the melting of glaciers causes sea-level to riseC. ice from Greenland raises sea level about 1 millimeterD. 80,000 baseball stadiums are flooded by sea water13. During the ice ages oceans were lower because .A. more water was frozen into ice in the seaB. glaciers provided more water into the oceanC. more water was left on land as iceD. water couldn't flow easily in cold weather14. Why did harbor operator record tide gauges?A. To learn more about the changes of tides.B. To prevent the coastal areas being flooded.C. To measure the level of the world's oceans.D. To warn ships not to run aground.15. What might be the most suitable title for the passage?A. Watching Our Sea Level RiseB. Measuring the Ocean LevelC. Changing the Sea LevelD. Studying the World Seas DThe United States Environmental Protection Agency says only seven percent of plastic waste in the United States is recycled each year. A new company in northern New York says it can increase that percentage. It also says it can help the United States reduce the amount of oil it imports.The company has a machine it calls the "plastic-eating monster". Every hour, thousands of kilograms of milk jugs, water bottles, and grocery bags are fed into the machine. The plastic waste comes from landfills across the United States. John Bordnyniuk runs the company, called JBI. "Basically they've been mining their own piles for us and sending them here."Eight percent of the recycled plastic is used to run the system. Independent testers say eighty-six percent of what goes in comes out as fuel.Bob Molodynia helps run the company. He watches as the plastic-eating machine pours a thin, brown liquid into an oil barrel."You could tap this right now and this is ready to go. That's a number six fuel, that's what a lot of like US Steel uses, a lot of major companies, that's what they pay the big bucks for, right there."JBI produces several thousand liters of fuel a day. It creates different grades of fuel for different industries. It sells the fuel for up to one hundred dollars a barrel. Each barrel costs about ten dollars to produce.John Bordyniuk believes plastics will become an important source of fuel for the United States. He says this will reduce the country's dependence on foreign oil and reduce the amount of plastic waste in its landfills.Scientists say plastic-to-oil technology is still new and developing. They say it is not yet known if the process is environmentally friendly. And some questions whether turning plastic into oil can even be considered "recycling".Carson Maxted is with the publication Resource Recycling, a magazine that reports on the plastic recycling industry. He says because there is a lot of plastic waste and a great demand for oil, JBI's recycling technology may create great changes in both industries."So they're getting value from something that would otherwise go to the landfill, things that wouldn't be accepted into a recycler."16. How did John's JBI get plastic waste?A. It was posted to the company by people.B. John sent his workers to collect it.C. The company minded landfills itself.D. It was sent by landfills themselves.17. According to the passage, plastic-to-oil technology is .A. effectiveB. wastefulC. simpleD. environmentally friendly18. From what Bob said, we can infer that the JBI's oil is .A. very expensiveB. of high qualityC. too thin to useD. black in color19. The attitude of Carson towards John's technology is .A. doubtfulB. negativeC. supportiveD. unconcerned20. What would be the best title for the passage may be .A. Can Oil Be used to Reduce the Amount of Plastic Waste?B. Can You Make A Lot of Money from Waste Plastic?C. Can Oil be Made from Waste Plastic?D. Can Waste Plastic Reduce Our Need for Oil?二、完形填空（共20小题；共30.0分）New Australian research shows coral reefs aren't seriously damaged by ocean acidification(酸化) than first thought. Scientists have been concerned that coral is 21 when carbon levels in the atmosphere rise, along with the acidity(酸性) of the 22 . But a study on the Great Barrier Reef suggests otherwise.Among the threat to 23 from the effects of climate change, pollution and overfishing, Australian researchers have found some unusual 24 news.A team has been 25 coralline algae (珊瑚藻), which are plants that26 like a paste strongly to 27 coral. A new study has found that dolomite (白云石), a mineral, helps to 28 reefs from rising ocean acidity, which is caused by the29 of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.Lead author Merinda Nash says it is an important 30 . "There was a lot of concern that the coralline algae, which plays a key role in 31 the reef and binding corals together, that this would be the first thing to 32 as CO2 went up and that would 33 the reef structure," she said. "So we found that this presence of dolomite actually 34 the dissolution(溶解) rate a lot to about one tenth the rate of the algae 35 the dolomite, so that's quite good news."Many scientists believe that 36 from the burning of fossil fuels are making the oceans more acidic.Coral reefs are a 37 for hundreds of fish, sea stars, crabs and marine worms,38 a wonderful group of other animals and shellfish.Reefs across the Asia-Pacific are widely considered to be at risk from a variety of 39 . Conservationists say Australia's Great Barrier Reef is 40 from industrial development, including digging to build big coal ports in the state of Queensland and from the run-off of pesticides from farms.21. A. solid B. strong C. weak D. soft22. A. air B. coral C. soil D. ocean23. A. reefs B. fishes C. plants D. beaches24. A. local B. serious C. terrible D. good25. A. bringing up B. looking into C. cutting away D. taking out26. A. sound B. look C. act D. feel27. A. combine B. attract C. support D. mix28. A. hold B. separate C. protect D. escape29. A. pressure B. absorption C. weight D. movement30. A. imagination B. condition C. experiment D. discovery31. A. building B. destroying C. damaging D. collecting32. A. happen B. increase C. disappear D. change33. A. form B. affect C. make D. break34. A. reduced B. improved C. balanced D. raised35. A. for B. in C. of D. without36. A. pollution B. carbon C. waste D. smell37. A. source B. cave C. stage D. habitat38. A. as well as B. instead of C. except for D. ahead of39. A. animals B. tourists C. threats D. countries40. A. at risk B. in place C. for fun D. under safety答案一、阅读理解1. A2. B3. C4. D5. A6. A7. B8. C9. D 10. A11. A 12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A16. D 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. D二、完形填空21. C 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. B26. C 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D36. B 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. A。
高中英语阅读理解第四部分动物世界(五)练习
第四部分动物世界（五）21. The Ant Lion, A Very Interesting Creature蚁狮—非常有趣的动物蚁狮是一种非常有趣的动物，但可能并不常见。
这种小动物的外形像蜘蛛，头小，有一对大颚，平常是倒退着走。
它会在沙地上一面旋转一面向下钻，在沙上作成一个漏斗状的陷阱，自己则躲在漏斗最底端的沙子下面，并用大颚把沙子往外弹抛，使得漏斗周围平滑陡峭。
当蚂蚁或小虫爬入陷阱时，因沙子松动而滑下，蚁狮会不断向外弹抛沙子，使受害者被流沙推进中心，然后蚁狮就用大颚将猎物钳住，并拖进沙里将它吃掉。
快来看看它是怎么捕捉猎物的。
If you are out walking in the countryside, and you happen to come across an area of dry, sandy soil, you may find some small holes in the ground, shaped like an upside-down cone, perfectly round at the top and tapering down to a point. If you then get a piece of grass, and gently touch the side of this hole, making a few grains of sand fall to the bottom, and a little creature may finally appear, looking for a meal.The creature is called an ant lion, and the hole or pit is the method it uses to catch its food. The ant lion is actually the wormlike young of an insect. It digs its pit by crawling backwards in a small circle. It uses one of its front legs to pile sand up on its head, and then twists its head quickly, throwing the sand out of the pit. Round and round it goes, in smaller and smaller circles, throwing out the sand, until it has created a pit of about 5 centimeter in diameter at the top, and 3 or 4 centimeters deep. Next it buries itself at the bottom, with just its strong jaws showing. Then it sits and waits with great patience.Finally, an ant or another small insect will come by, and step into the pit. If it falls to the bottom, the ant lion will seize it in its jaws, and eat it. But if the ant tries to climb up the side of the pit, the falling sand will warn the ant lion at the bottom, and it will throw up sand with its head, causing a small fall of sand which will make the ant fall back down again, to its death. Comprehension Questions:1. The purpose of touching the ant lion’s hole with a piece of grass is to______.A. try to catch an ant lionB. see how it catches insectsC. give the ant lion some foodD. make it bury itself in the sand2. According to the information given in the passage, the ant lion is a kind of ______.A. antB. lionC. insectD. locust(BCADB)22. The Sea Horse Is Not A Horse海马不是马海马不是马，而是一种特殊的鱼类。
2023年高二暑假话题阅读专练(词汇积累)：动物(含解析)
2023年高二暑假话题阅读专练（词汇积累）：动物（含解析）2023年高二暑假话题阅读专练（词汇积累）：动物（共4题）一、阅读理解题（共4题）Pangolins (穿山甲), the world’s only mammals with scales (鳞片), have existed on earth for about 60 million years. Pangolins are very sensitive creatures and most of them don't like staying indoors. In the wild, they're slow to reproduce and give birth to only one baby at a time. Pangolins are alone and shy—nearly impossible for even the most devoted field researchers to catch sight of.However, over recent ten years, their wild population has decreased greatly. More than a million pangolins are believed to have been taken from the wild in Asia and Africa. In the first eight days of April 2023 alone, authorities caught two 14-ton shipments of pangolin scales in Singapore, representing about 72,000 animals and worth a combined $90 million. In February, Malaysian seized a 33-ton shipment of mostly whole, frozen pangolins."The present scale of trade could drive this species to extinction," said an Indian official.If the illegal pangolin trade continues at such high levels, it's thought thatanother 10 years might see them die out altogether. The trade is caused by a series of factors, but the fact that the local government doesn't make strict laws against it plays a major role.Another big challenge facing pangolins is that so few people know what they are and why they're in such danger. As National Geographic Photo Ark photographer Joel Sartore says, "You won't save what you don't love."(1) According to Paragraph 1, pangolins ______.A．are rare mammals B．like living indoorsC．are outgoing but sensitive D．are easily found in the wild(2) What is the main reason for pangolins' tradeA．People in Africa like hunting pangolins.B．Strict laws against it haven't been made.C．Pangolins' population is increasing rapidly.D．Pangolins have existed on earth for a long time.(3) What is the Indian official’s attitude towards the scales of trade A．Uncaring. B．Puzzled. C．Supportive. D．Worried.(4) What is the main idea of the textA．Pangolins are hunted in Asia.B．Pangolins are facing extinction.C．People are trying to save Pangolins out of love.D．Many countries are taking action to protect Pangolins.Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home People who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for their cats are worried that they will fight. A recent research has found a new recipe of success. According to the study, if the cat is adopted before the dog, and if they are introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats, a year for dogs), it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly. Two-thirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog.However, it wasn't all sweetness and light. There was a reported coldness between the cat and dog in 25% of the homes, while aggression and fighting were observed in 10% of the homes. One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals were just opposite. For example, when a cat turns its head away it signals aggression, while a dog doing the same signals submission.In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully, researchers observed a surprising behaviour. They are learning how to talk each other's language. It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk 'Dog', and dogs can learn how to talk 'Cat'. What's interesting is that both cats and dogs have appeared to develop their intelligence. They can learn how to read each other's body signals, suggesting that the two may have more in common than we previously suspected. Once familiar with each other's presence and body language, cats and dogs can play together, greet each othernose to nose, and enjoy sleeping together on the sofa. They can easily share the same water bowl and in some cases groom (梳理) each other. The significance of the research on cats and dogs may go beyond pets─to people who don't get along, including neighbors, colleagues at work, and even world superpowers. If cats and dogs can learn to get along, surely people have a good chance.(1) The underlined word "swimmingly" in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _____.A．early B．sweetly C．quickly D．smoothly(2) Some cats and dogs may fight when _____.A．they are cold to each otherB．they look away from each otherC．they misunderstood each other's signalsD．they are introduced at an early age(3) What is found surprising about cats and dogsA．They eat and sleep each other.B．They observe each other's behaviors.C．They learn to speak each other's language.D．They know something from each other's voices.(4) It is suggested in Paragraph 4 that cats and dogs _____.A．have common interestsB．are less different than was thoughtC．have a common body languageD．are less intelligent than was expected(5) What can we human beings learn from cats and dogsA．We should learn to live in harmony.B．We should know more about animals.C．We should live in peace with animals.D．We should learn more body languages.From old times, crows (乌鸦) have been famous for their cleverness. They use tools, work out problems, and even enjoy playing. Scientists have studied carefully how crows go about these activities.To make tools, crows cut off leaves with their "mouths", shape them, and use them to lookfor bugs (虫子) in wood or plants. Just as a carpenter carries his tools with him, a crow will carry its tool around. When the leaf isn't needed for the moment, the bird stores the tool at its feet or somewhere else.To test wild crows' abilities to work out problems, scientists placed food outdoors in covered bowls. They watched with interest as the birds smartly opened the bowls to get the food. Scientists also found out that crows can make use of the traffic. For example, crows would drop a nut on the road and wait for a car to run over the nut to break it. Besides, crows seem to enjoy playing. Young crows will carry a stick or nut into the air, drop it, and fly to catch the object as it falls.So just how smart are crows Perhaps a crow will never do tricks as a dog will. But scientists agree that there's a lot going on in the brain of a clever crow.(1) We learn from Paragraph 2 that a crow may store the _____ at its feet or somewhere else.A．leaf B．mouth C．wood D．bowl(2) Why did scientists place food outdoors in covered bowlsA．To test whether crows make tools.B．To test whether crows enjoy playing.C．To test how much crows like the food.D．To test how crows work out problems.(3) What does this passage mainly discussA．The tricks of crows. B．The foods of crows.C．The happiness of crows. D．The cleverness of crows.For centuries humans believed the ocean was so vast that it was impossible to do it measurable harm. But we now know human activities can destroy marine (海洋的) habitats, dangerously pollute seawater and make sea environments more acidic. Overharvesting has even directly pushed many ocean species into the especially endangered category. This past March, the smooth handfish (光滑手鱼) officially became the first modern-day marine fish to be declared extinct.Handfish are a family of 14 unusual bottom-living species. Unlike mostother fishes, they do not have a larval phase (幼虫期) and do not move around very much as adults; these features make them sensitive to environmental changes, according to Graham Edgar, a marine ecologist at the University of Tasmania. The smooth handfish was once common enough to be one of the first fish species described by European explorers in Australia. Now none has been reported in over a century. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List guidelines officially define "extinct" as meaning "there is no reasonable doubt that the last individual has died." Edgar and the members of Australia's National Handfish Recovery Team were forced to that conclusion earlier this year, and it was placed in the extinct category. Scientists are unsure exactly what finished off the species, but others in the region are threatened by trawl fishing (拖网捕鱼), pollution and climate change. Edgar says additional marine fish species may already be extinct as well, and many more are endangered. "It might be hard to imagine why a little organism in a place that few humans ever visit might be important," says Katie Matthews, chief scientist for the non-profit conservation group Oceana. "But biodiversity matters, even if you can't see it with your own eyes."Ideally, this news will be a sad wakeup call: "Some remaining species of handfish are endangered," Matthews says, "but with smart action we can lessen those threats."(1) According to the text, which is NOT the problems caused by human activities to the oceanA．The habitats of marine creatures are damaged.B．The seawater is heavily polluted.C．The handfish are extinct completely.D．The sea contains more acid than before.(2) What does the word "it" underlined in Paragraph 2 refer to A．National Handfish Recovery Team.B．IUCN Red list.C．The bottom-living species.D．The smooth handfish.(3) What can we infer about marine conservation according to Katie MatthewsA．Some species in rarely visited places are of little importance. B．Measures should be taken to maintain the diversity of species.C．It is too late to protect the endangered handfish.D．Additional marine fish species may become extinct or endangered. (4) Which of the following can be the best title for the text A．Human Activities. B．A Marine Fish Extinction.C．Species Diversity Conservation. D．Marine Protection.答案一、阅读理解题（共4题）1. 【答案】(1) A(2) B(3) D(4) B【解析】(1) 这是一篇说明文。
高中英语高考复习经典阅读专项练习(保护动物主题)(共三组,附参考答案)
高中英语经典阅读专项练习练班级考号姓名总分（保护动物主题）（一）When clouds of radiation began streaming into the air around the Fukushima nuclear plant, 160, 000 residents were told to simply cut and run. However, it seems only 159, 998 residents listeneD. The other two —Naoto Matsumura and Sakae Kato —remaineD. The two men would give up everything rather than let other beings starve.Living within the 12.5-mile exclusion zone around the damaged reactor, the two men, unrelated to one another, both live alone while taking care of dozens of animals that were left behind when the evacuation order was given.Reports from Reuters and DW state that 57-year-old Kato has 41 cats who live with him in his home in the mountains—along with a dog he adopted named Pochi. Kato says he will stay with his cats and ensure they are comfortable all through their lives.Matsumura left the city at first, but returned shortly after for his own animals. Once returned, the now 55-year-old realized that everyone else's pets and livestock were still there, so he began taking care of a broad community of animals including pigs, cats, dogs, ponies, ostriches, and cows.GNN reported that he went back inside the exclusion zone and realized local pet dogs had not eaten in several days. After it became clear that no-one was coming back to the neighborhood, he went around unchaining dogs from trees, letting cows out of their barns, and feeding anything in need, earning him the nickname the “Guardian of Fukushima's Animals”.Everything both Kato and Matsumura are doing is risky. Though proud of what Kato and Matsumura have done, their friends and families hope that they can leave the dangerous area. Yet they seem to be determined in what they are doing and both plan to stay there with their animals, come what may.1.What does the phrase “other beings” in paragraph 1 probably refer to?A.Animals.B.People.C.Plants.D.Residents.2.What kind of person is Sakae Kato?A.Curious.B.Caring.C.Ambitious.D.Lonely.3.What do we know about Naoto Matsumura?A.He is 57 years olD.B.He knows Kato very well.C.He has dozens of animals to look after.D.He lives 12. 5 miles from the exclusion zone.4.What can we infer about the two men from the text?A.They will follow the advice of their families.B.They will call on more people to protect animals.C.They stay in the mountains to enjoy loneliness.D.They have no regard for their own safety.（二）Throughout history, many species of animals have been threatened with extinction. When Europeans first arrived in North America, more than 60 million buffalo (水牛) lived on the continent. Yet hunting the buffalo was so popular during the 19th century that b y 1900 the animal’s population had fallen to about 400 before the government stepped in to protect the species. In some countries today, the elephant faces a similar challenge, as illegal hunters kill the animals for the ivory in their tusks.Yet not all animals with commercial value face this threat (威胁).The cow, for example, is a valuable source of food, but no one worries that the cow will soon be extinct. Why does the commercial value of ivory threaten the elephant. while the commercial value of beef protects the cow?The reason is that elephants are a common resource, while cows are private goods. Elephants wander freely without any owners. The hunter has a strong motivation to kill as many elephants as he can finD. Because illegal hunters are numerous, each has only a slight motivation to preserve the elephant population. By contrast, cattle live on farms that are privately owneD. Each farmer makes great effort to maintain the cattle population on his farm because he harvests the benefit of these efforts.Governments have tried to solve the elephant’s problem in two ways. Some countries, such as Kenya and Uganda, have made it illegal to kill elephants and sell their ivory. Yet these laws have been hard to put into effect, and elephant populations have continued to dwindle. By contrast, other countries, such as Malawi and Namibia, have made elephants private goods and allowed people to kill elephants, but only those on their own property.With private ownership and the profit motive now on its side, the African elephant might someday be as safe from extinction as the cow. The ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle pointed out the problem with common resources: “What is common to many is taken least care of, for all men have greater regard for what is their own than for what they possess in common with others.”5.Why does the author mention buffalo in paragraph 1?A.To introduce a similar threat to elephants.B.To provide an example of species extinction.C.To offer an explanation for government policies.D.To present the statistics of the buffalo in America.6.Why do elephants face threats while cows are safe?A.They are under different law protectionB.They attract different groups of huntersC.They contain different commercial valueD.They represent different ownership types7.What is paragraph 4 mainly about?A.Bans on killing elephants for ivoryB.Effective laws for elephant protection.C.Methods of making elephants private goodsernment policies on the elephant’s problem8.What can we learn from Aristotle’s words?A.People hold little regard for others’ propertyB.People want to profit from common resourcesC.People care more about their own possessionD.People tend to take what they own for granted（三）Hristo Hristov has been working with wildlife in Bulgaria's remote Rhodope Mountains for over 30 years. He first came here as a bright-eyed student in the early 1990s, eager to increase the number of griffon vulture (欧亚尤雪). At the time, there were fewer than 20 birds left. Fast forward to November 2020, there were more griffon vultures. At the last count, a record 245 now live in the Rhodope Mountains.As a rewilding officer, Hristo is responsible for the welfare of the animals in his area, which means constant observation, and lengthy periods out in the wild conducting research. "This process is sometimes long —you have to live together with the animals," he explains." Forget everything; you live in nature. It doesn't matter if they're horses, wild cattle or European bison (野牛)."This small corner of south-eastern Europe is one of the continent's most ecologically diverse areas. Large animals, such as wolves, brown bears, deer, and wild horses, coexist here. It's also a peaceful place for birdlife, with 300 species recordeD. The ultimate goal is to create a habitat where multiple different species depend on one another.Hristo's current challenge is to continue the reintroduction of European bison to the wilD. Since 2013, Hristo has worked with Rewilding Europe, a not-for-profit organisation which operates across Europe, to bring bison back to the Rhodope Mountains. In 2019, several bison were released into the wild, and three baby bison have already been born, two of those coming in 2020. At the end of last year, another two females were donated to the project from zoos in Hungary and Slovakia. When the new animals are eventually released into the wild, they will number 13.9.What can be learned about griffon vultures?A.They are now in danger of dying out.B.They may live as long as over 30 years.C.They can be seen in the Rhodope Mountains.D.They were first discovered in the early 1990s.10.Which of the following can best describe Hristo?A.Proud but caring.B.Silent but generous.C.Honest and creative.D.Devoted and patient.11.What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3?A.Develop the theme with examples.B.Add some background information.C.Summarize the previous paragraphs.D.Introduce a new topic for discussion.12.What can we expect of European bison's population in the future?A.It will be hard to assess.B.It will start to explode.C.It will show promise.D.It will be something to worry about.附：参考答案（一）【答案】1.A2.B3.C4.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。
2019-2020年高中英语阅读理解 第四部分 动物世界(一)练习
2019-2020年高中英语阅读理解第四部分动物世界（一）练习北欧一些国家有一种老鼠，不仅繁殖能力强，而且特别喜欢迁徙，其频率之高、速度之快，令人们瞠目而困惑。
为何这种老鼠不像我们的家鼠一样喜欢呆在一个特定的地方，而不辞辛苦地挪窝呢？请看这篇文章，它会告诉你什么。
In some North European countries such as Norway and Sweden, there is a kind of rats called traveling rats, which produce their young seven or eight times a year. The young will grow up in about six months and produce their own young. So, in a few years these rats increase in great numbers. Usually they live together in holes in the depth of high mountains and live on grass and roots of trees. What is strange is that every three or four years, they will migrate in thousands or even in millions, leaving a few of them in their original living place.The migration mainly goes on at night. In daytime, they eat and rest. At night, they go just straight forward, even if there is a river before them: the rats in the front will drown themselves while the ones after them will make their way on the bodies of the drowned rats. Sometimes the number of the moving rats may decrease because of illness, bad weather or attacks from eagles, wolves and so on. Once they reach the seaside, they keep on fearlessly and get drowned to the last one of them.Why do they make such a migration? Some suggest that there may be too many of them to find food. Some suggest that the migration is the result of the bad temper of the rats. But all these remain to be proved.prehension Questions:1. Usually a two-year-old traveling rat may have had its babies ______ at the least.A. twiceB. seven timesC. ten timesD. fourteen times2. What do traveling ants feed on? ______A. Grass and roots of trees.B. Crops such as corn, rice, and wheat.C. Grass, roots of trees and fishes in the sea.D. Roots of grass, trees and flowers.2. Can Penguins Fly?企鹅会飞吗?企鹅会飞吗？估计我们没有人在现实中或者在电视上看到过，不过它们确实属于鸟类。
【高二年级阅读理解专项练习】动物世界
Week Fifteen 动物世界一、阅读理解（共24小题；共48.0分）ARain and cold weather this summer saw honey yields from hives fall by almost three quarters, the British Beekeepers Association (BBKA) said today. The average crop per hive was down 72% compared to 2011, with just 3.6kg(8lb) of honey produced compared to an annual average, the annual honey survey by the BBKA revealed.The survey of 2,712 beekeepers in England, Northern Ireland and Wales found that 88% said this summer's bad weather caused the fall in honey yields. The cold, wet conditions forced the BBKA to issue a midsummer warning to feed colonies if necessary to avoid starvation. But in London, which recorded the worst results with just 2.5kg(5.6lb) of honey harvested on average, beekeeping experts said that in addition to the bad weather there was a lack of food for bees in the city.Angela Woods, secretary of the London Beekeepers Association, said: "Rather than putting beehives on office roofs, we encourage companies in London who want to help to look at different ways of supporting bees and beekeepers. We need more forage(草料) for the bees and better-educated beekeepers."Elsewhere, the weather was the main problem. Peter Hutton, a beekeeper in Tunbridge Wells, Kent, said: "It has been the most difficult year I have known in my 53 years of beekeeping. Bad weather in spring prevented honey bees in many areas from collecting nectar(花蜜) from early-flowering crops such as oilseed rape, and the rain continued in many places throughout June and July, preventing honey bees from foraging(搜寻) on later crops."The BBKA warned that as well as reducing the honey harvest, the bad weather is likely to have a longer-term impact as it will have affected the normal process of breeding for the queens, which mate on the wing on fine still summer days. As aresult they may have mated poorly and be unable to produce sufficient new babies to see colonies through the winter.1. According to the passage, the average crop per hive in 2011 mightbe .A. 3.6kgB. 7.2kgC. 10kgD. 13kg2. The underlined word "colonies" in Paragraph 4 means .A. the honeybeesB. the poor beekeepersC. the beekeeping expertsD. the beehives3. Which measure is Angela Woods against?A. Encouraging London companies to take part.B. Needing more forage for the bees.C. Putting beehives on office roofs.D. Needing better-educated beekeepers.4. What caused the lack of forage?A. Bad weather in both autumn and winter.B. Bad weather in both winter and spring.C. Bad weather in both spring and summer.D. Bad weather in both summer and autumn.5. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?A. The bad weather only has short-term impact on bees.B. The bad weather just affects honey harvest.C. The bad weather has effects on bees' life in winter.D. The bad weather has effects on bees' breeding.BTigers in Nepal seem to be taking night shifts in order to avoid their human neighbors, a study has shown. The big cats generally move around at all times of the day and night, to monitor territory, mate and hunt. But the study of tigers in ChitwanNational Park—where humans and tigers walk the same paths—showed a night shift in activity. The results challenge the traditional wisdom.It's traditionally thought that tigers need lots of people-free space. This can lead to people removing to make way for tigers. Tigers need resources, people need the same resources. If we operate under the traditional wisdom that tigers only can survive with space devoted only for them, there would always be conflict. If your priority is people, tigers lose out. If your priority is tigers, people lose out.Chitwan is home to about 121 tigers. People live on the park's borders, but rely on the forests for wood and grasses, venturing in on roads and narrow footpaths. Mr. Carter spent two seasons setting motion-detecting camera traps for tigers, theirprey(猎物) and people who walk the roads and trails of Chitwan, both in and around the park. His analysis of the thousands of images show that people and tigers are walking the same paths, yet at different times of the day. The cameras documented a clear shift towards night activity in the tigers.People generally avoid the forests at night, so dusk would seem to provide a signal for tigers to come out and play. Mr. Carter said that conditions for tigers in Chitwan were good, with high prey numbers, low levels of poaching(偷猎), and forests that are spreading outside the boundaries of the park. But, he explained: "People of different kinds, including tourists and local residents, frequent the forests of Chitwan. Tigers need to use the same space as people if they are to have an existent long-term future. What we're learning in Chitwan is that tigers seem to be adapting to make it work. We've found something very interesting is happening in Nepal that holds promise for both humans and nature to thrive."6. Why do tigers in Nepal move out at night?A. They like the darkness.B. They want to avoid their natural enemy.C. They want to avoid humans.D. They can share the same path with humans.7. What's the main idea of Paragraph 2?A. Traditional idea on the peaceful life between people and tigers.B. Traditional idea on the conflict between people and tigers.C. People should protect tigers at the cost of their own benefit.D. People should protect themselves without caring for tigers.8. The underlined word "venturing" means in Paragraph 3.A. advertisingB. adventuringC. addictingD. adapting9. How did Mr. Carter learn tigers' activities?A. By personally watching their activities on the spot.B. By spending two seasons living with the tigers.C. By analyzing the images of motion-detecting camera.D. By asking the information from the park staff.10. What will do harm to tigers' life according to Carter?A. Enough wild animals.B. Almost no poaching.C. The thick forests.D. Human's activities in the forest.CNormal human eyes contain three kinds of color-detecting cells called cones(视锥), and by comparing the way these cones are each stimulated by incoming light, our brains distinguish red wavelengths from green and blue wavelengths from yellow. Dogs' eyes, like those of most other mammals, contain just two kinds of cones. These enable their brains to distinguish blue from yellow, but not red from green.According to Jay Neitz, a color vision scientist at the University of Washington who conducted many of the modern experiments on color perception in dogs, our pets' eyes are structured in a similar way to those of red-green color-blind people, whose eyes also lack the third kind of cone normally present in humans. We can get an idea of what dogs see, Neitz said, if we assume their brains interpret signals from their cone cells much like the brains of color-blind people.To see blue and yellow, dogs and humans alike rely on neurons inside the eye's retina(视网膜). These neurons are excited in response to yellow light detected in the cone cells (which are also inside the retina), but the neurons' activity gets suppressed when blue light hits the cones. A dog's brain interprets the excitation or suppression of these neurons as the sensation(感觉) of yellow or blue, respectively.However, in dogs and color-blind individuals, red light and green light both have a neutral effect on the neurons. With no signal to interpret these colors, the dogs' brains don't perceive any color. Where you see red or green, they see shades of gray. "A human would be missing the sensations of red and green," Neitz told Life's Little Mysteries. "But whether or not the dog's sensations are missing red and green, or if their brains assign colors differently, is unclear."Furthermore, like color-blind people, dogs may use other cues to distinguish the color we call "red" from the color we call "green." "A lot of the time there are good cues to help them figure it out; for example, red objects tend to be darker than green objects," Neitz said. "So, if it's a dark apple, a red-green color-blind person would know that it's probably a red one, and if it's a lighter apple, it may be a Granny Smith."11. According to the passage, most mammals can recognize .A. red from blueB. red from greenC. blue from yellowD. yellow from green12. A few persons cannot tell red from green because .A. they lack the first kind of coneB. they lack the second kind of coneC. they lack the third kind of coneD. they lack all the three cones13. The underlined word "suppressed" in Paragraph three means .A. Brought upB. Kept downC. Broken outD. Taken away14. According to Neitz, it is still uncertain whether or not .A. red and green lights have a neutral effect on dogsB. red and green lights have a neutral effect on the color-blindC. the dog's sensations are short of red and greenD. dogs' brains assign colors in the same way as common people15. "A Granny Smith" at the end of the article refers to a .A. common womanB. color-blind womanC. red appleD. green appleDAt first glance, blowing a bubble net to trap sardines is not the smartest move a dolphin can make. Bubbles reflect sonar(声纳) signals better than sardines do, making the fish invisible and giving them a chance to escape. But mathematical tricks can get around this, and dolphins may naturally use them to locate the fishy signal amid the bubbles.Timothy Leighton at the University of Southampton, UK, and his colleagues produced dolphin-like sonar clicks in a tank containing a "fish"—a small steelball-hiding in a bubble cloud. Dolphins vary the amplitude(振幅) of their clicks, Leighton says, so he gave every second click a weaker amplitude than the first. Imitating what might go on in the dolphin brain, he then increased the echo from the weaker click to bring it up to the same level as the stronger click.This made the two echoes from the steel ball identical. But because even a weak sonar click bounces strongly off bubbles, increasing the weaker echo made the bubble signal stand out even more than it did in the stronger click. Leighton used that fact to distinguish the steel ball from the bubbles.Human sonar operators could apply the trick to detect weak signals from sea mines in shallow waters full of waves. Sonar systems are designed to find submarines(潜水艇) in deep, bubble-free water and are less effective in the shallows. "Developing sonar that can see sea mines in these conditions is important." says Leighton.16. The underlined word "them" refers to .A. sardinesB. sonar signalsC. mathematical tricksD. blown bubbles17. Where did Timothy Leighton imitate the work of the dolphin brain?A. In a tank containing a true fish.B. In a tank containing a steel ball.C. In the ocean containing bubbles.D. In the ocean containing fishes.18. Why did Leighton increase the weaker echo?A. Because he could make the two echoes from the steel ball the same.B. Because he could make the bubble signal disappear gradually.C. Because he could know if the dolphin recognized the difference.D. Because he could recognize the bubbles from the steel ball.19. According to Leighton, it is very important to improve .A. sonar of seeing sea minesB. sonar of seeing submarinesC. sonar of seeing dolphinsD. sonar of seeing bubblesEIn 1961, a group of scientists set up a permanent camp on Possession Island, a bit of land located in the Crozet Archipelago, about halfway between Madagascar and Antarctica in the Indian Ocean. Their goal was a long-term study of king penguins, and scientists have continued that study for more than 50 years, sometimes accompanied by a small number of tourists. The penguins appear to be habituated to the presence of humans, but a new study in BMC Ecology finds that even this limited human contact may be negatively affecting them.A team of researchers from France and Switzerland compared 15 king penguins from the areas regularly disturbed by scientists and tourists with 18 birds that bred in an undisturbed area, recording the penguins' heart rates in response to three potential human stressors—loud noise, approaches by humans and capture.With both loud noise and human approach, the penguins from the disturbed area were far less stressed than their companions from the undisturbed area. All the birds, however, found capture to be a stressful experience. It's possible that these penguins have grown used to the presence of humans in their breeding area. Over time, the population would evolve to handle this disturbance(干扰) better and better. That may seem like a good thing, the scientists say.This is hardly the first time that researchers have found that their methods have had unexpected consequences for the animals they study. A central question for experts is the extent to which human's disturbances (such as tourism) might impact wildlife and affect the systems under study. One of the major mistakes of such research is in forgetting that, from the idea of the wildlife studied, tourism and scientific research are not two worlds apart.20. Why did scientists set up a permanent camp on Possession Island?A. Because they want to attract more tourists.B. Because they want to study king penguins.C. Because they want to raise more penguins.D. Because they want to link Madagascar with Antarctica.21. According to the passage, penguins seldom get pressure from .A. approaches by humansB. loud noiseC. scientists' captureD. other penguins' company22. The underlined word "evolve" in Paragraph 3 means .A. Develop graduallyB. Disobey graduallyC. Discount graduallyD. Display gradually23. It can be inferred that tourism .A. has little effect on penguins' lifeB. has no effect on penguins' lifeC. was ignored by scientists beforeD. has always been valued by scientists.24. What's the best title of the passage?A. King Penguins Inspire the Development of TourismB. King Penguins Develop Well with Humans' DisturbancesC. King Penguins Live a Happy Life in AntarcticaD. King Penguins Stressed out by Scientists and Tourists答案一、阅读理解1. D2. A3. C4. C5. D6. C7. A8. B9. C 10. D 11. C 12. C 13. B 14. C 15. D 16. C 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. B 21. D 22. A 23. C 24. D。
高中英语高考复习经典阅读专项练习(保护动物主题)(共三组,附参考答案)
高中英语经典阅读专项练习练班级考号姓名总分（保护动物主题）（一）When clouds of radiation began streaming into the air around the Fukushima nuclear plant, 160, 000 residents were told to simply cut and run. However, it seems only 159, 998 residents listeneD. The other two —Naoto Matsumura and Sakae Kato —remaineD. The two men would give up everything rather than let other beings starve.Living within the 12.5-mile exclusion zone around the damaged reactor, the two men, unrelated to one another, both live alone while taking care of dozens of animals that were left behind when the evacuation order was given.Reports from Reuters and DW state that 57-year-old Kato has 41 cats who live with him in his home in the mountains—along with a dog he adopted named Pochi. Kato says he will stay with his cats and ensure they are comfortable all through their lives.Matsumura left the city at first, but returned shortly after for his own animals. Once returned, the now 55-year-old realized that everyone else's pets and livestock were still there, so he began taking care of a broad community of animals including pigs, cats, dogs, ponies, ostriches, and cows.GNN reported that he went back inside the exclusion zone and realized local pet dogs had not eaten in several days. After it became clear that no-one was coming back to the neighborhood, he went around unchaining dogs from trees, letting cows out of their barns, and feeding anything in need, earning him the nickname the “Guardian of Fukushima's Animals”.Everything both Kato and Matsumura are doing is risky. Though proud of what Kato and Matsumura have done, their friends and families hope that they can leave the dangerous area. Yet they seem to be determined in what they are doing and both plan to stay there with their animals, come what may.1.What does the phrase “other beings” in paragraph 1 probably refer to?A.Animals.B.People.C.Plants.D.Residents.2.What kind of person is Sakae Kato?A.Curious.B.Caring.C.Ambitious.D.Lonely.3.What do we know about Naoto Matsumura?A.He is 57 years olD.B.He knows Kato very well.C.He has dozens of animals to look after.D.He lives 12. 5 miles from the exclusion zone.4.What can we infer about the two men from the text?A.They will follow the advice of their families.B.They will call on more people to protect animals.C.They stay in the mountains to enjoy loneliness.D.They have no regard for their own safety.（二）Throughout history, many species of animals have been threatened with extinction. When Europeans first arrived in North America, more than 60 million buffalo (水牛) lived on the continent. Yet hunting the buffalo was so popular during the 19th century that b y 1900 the animal’s population had fallen to about 400 before the government stepped in to protect the species. In some countries today, the elephant faces a similar challenge, as illegal hunters kill the animals for the ivory in their tusks.Yet not all animals with commercial value face this threat (威胁).The cow, for example, is a valuable source of food, but no one worries that the cow will soon be extinct. Why does the commercial value of ivory threaten the elephant. while the commercial value of beef protects the cow?The reason is that elephants are a common resource, while cows are private goods. Elephants wander freely without any owners. The hunter has a strong motivation to kill as many elephants as he can finD. Because illegal hunters are numerous, each has only a slight motivation to preserve the elephant population. By contrast, cattle live on farms that are privately owneD. Each farmer makes great effort to maintain the cattle population on his farm because he harvests the benefit of these efforts.Governments have tried to solve the elephant’s problem in two ways. Some countries, such as Kenya and Uganda, have made it illegal to kill elephants and sell their ivory. Yet these laws have been hard to put into effect, and elephant populations have continued to dwindle. By contrast, other countries, such as Malawi and Namibia, have made elephants private goods and allowed people to kill elephants, but only those on their own property.With private ownership and the profit motive now on its side, the African elephant might someday be as safe from extinction as the cow. The ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle pointed out the problem with common resources: “What is common to many is taken least care of, for all men have greater regard for what is their own than for what they possess in common with others.”5.Why does the author mention buffalo in paragraph 1?A.To introduce a similar threat to elephants.B.To provide an example of species extinction.C.To offer an explanation for government policies.D.To present the statistics of the buffalo in America.6.Why do elephants face threats while cows are safe?A.They are under different law protectionB.They attract different groups of huntersC.They contain different commercial valueD.They represent different ownership types7.What is paragraph 4 mainly about?A.Bans on killing elephants for ivoryB.Effective laws for elephant protection.C.Methods of making elephants private goodsernment policies on the elephant’s problem8.What can we learn from Aristotle’s words?A.People hold little regard for others’ propertyB.People want to profit from common resourcesC.People care more about their own possessionD.People tend to take what they own for granted（三）Hristo Hristov has been working with wildlife in Bulgaria's remote Rhodope Mountains for over 30 years. He first came here as a bright-eyed student in the early 1990s, eager to increase the number of griffon vulture (欧亚尤雪). At the time, there were fewer than 20 birds left. Fast forward to November 2020, there were more griffon vultures. At the last count, a record 245 now live in the Rhodope Mountains.As a rewilding officer, Hristo is responsible for the welfare of the animals in his area, which means constant observation, and lengthy periods out in the wild conducting research. "This process is sometimes long —you have to live together with the animals," he explains." Forget everything; you live in nature. It doesn't matter if they're horses, wild cattle or European bison (野牛)."This small corner of south-eastern Europe is one of the continent's most ecologically diverse areas. Large animals, such as wolves, brown bears, deer, and wild horses, coexist here. It's also a peaceful place for birdlife, with 300 species recordeD. The ultimate goal is to create a habitat where multiple different species depend on one another.Hristo's current challenge is to continue the reintroduction of European bison to the wilD. Since 2013, Hristo has worked with Rewilding Europe, a not-for-profit organisation which operates across Europe, to bring bison back to the Rhodope Mountains. In 2019, several bison were released into the wild, and three baby bison have already been born, two of those coming in 2020. At the end of last year, another two females were donated to the project from zoos in Hungary and Slovakia. When the new animals are eventually released into the wild, they will number 13.9.What can be learned about griffon vultures?A.They are now in danger of dying out.B.They may live as long as over 30 years.C.They can be seen in the Rhodope Mountains.D.They were first discovered in the early 1990s.10.Which of the following can best describe Hristo?A.Proud but caring.B.Silent but generous.C.Honest and creative.D.Devoted and patient.11.What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3?A.Develop the theme with examples.B.Add some background information.C.Summarize the previous paragraphs.D.Introduce a new topic for discussion.12.What can we expect of European bison's population in the future?A.It will be hard to assess.B.It will start to explode.C.It will show promise.D.It will be something to worry about.附：参考答案（一）【答案】1.A2.B3.C4.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。
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Week Fifteen 动物世界一、阅读理解（共24小题；共48.0分）ARain and cold weather this summer saw honey yields from hives fall by almost three quarters, the British Beekeepers Association (BBKA) said today. The average crop per hive was down 72% compared to 2011, with just 3.6kg(8lb) of honey produced compared to an annual average, the annual honey survey by the BBKA revealed.The survey of 2,712 beekeepers in England, Northern Ireland and Wales found that 88% said this summer's bad weather caused the fall in honey yields. The cold, wet conditions forced the BBKA to issue a midsummer warning to feed colonies if necessary to avoid starvation. But in London, which recorded the worst results with just 2.5kg(5.6lb) of honey harvested on average, beekeeping experts said that in addition to the bad weather there was a lack of food for bees in the city.Angela Woods, secretary of the London Beekeepers Association, said: "Rather than putting beehives on office roofs, we encourage companies in London who want to help to look at different ways of supporting bees and beekeepers. We need more forage(草料) for the bees and better-educated beekeepers."Elsewhere, the weather was the main problem. Peter Hutton, a beekeeper in Tunbridge Wells, Kent, said: "It has been the most difficult year I have known in my 53 years of beekeeping. Bad weather in spring prevented honey bees in many areas from collecting nectar(花蜜) from early-flowering crops such as oilseed rape, and the rain continued in many places throughout June and July, preventing honey bees from foraging(搜寻) on later crops."The BBKA warned that as well as reducing the honey harvest, the bad weather is likely to have a longer-term impact as it will have affected the normal process of breeding for the queens, which mate on the wing on fine still summer days. As a resultthey may have mated poorly and be unable to produce sufficient new babies to see colonies through the winter.1. According to the passage, the average crop per hive in 2011 mightbe .A. 3.6kgB. 7.2kgC. 10kgD. 13kg2. The underlined word "colonies" in Paragraph 4 means .A. the honeybeesB. the poor beekeepersC. the beekeeping expertsD. the beehives3. Which measure is Angela Woods against?A. Encouraging London companies to take part.B. Needing more forage for the bees.C. Putting beehives on office roofs.D. Needing better-educated beekeepers.4. What caused the lack of forage?A. Bad weather in both autumn and winter.B. Bad weather in both winter and spring.C. Bad weather in both spring and summer.D. Bad weather in both summer and autumn.5. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?A. The bad weather only has short-term impact on bees.B. The bad weather just affects honey harvest.C. The bad weather has effects on bees' life in winter.D. The bad weather has effects on bees' breeding.BTigers in Nepal seem to be taking night shifts in order to avoid their human neighbors, a study has shown. The big cats generally move around at all times of the day and night, to monitor territory, mate and hunt. But the study of tigers inChitwan National Park—where humans and tigers walk the same paths—showed a night shift in activity. The results challenge the traditional wisdom.It's traditionally thought that tigers need lots of people-free space. This can lead to people removing to make way for tigers. Tigers need resources, people need the same resources. If we operate under the traditional wisdom that tigers only can survive with space devoted only for them, there would always be conflict. If your priority is people, tigers lose out. If your priority is tigers, people lose out.Chitwan is home to about 121 tigers. People live on the park's borders, but rely on the forests for wood and grasses, venturing in on roads and narrow footpaths. Mr. Carter spent two seasons setting motion-detecting camera traps for tigers, their prey(猎物) and people who walk the roads and trails of Chitwan, both in and around the park. His analysis of the thousands of images show that people and tigers are walking the same paths, yet at different times of the day. The cameras documented a clear shift towards night activity in the tigers.People generally avoid the forests at night, so dusk would seem to provide a signal for tigers to come out and play. Mr. Carter said that conditions for tigers in Chitwan were good, with high prey numbers, low levels of poaching(偷猎), and forests that are spreading outside the boundaries of the park. But, he explained: "People of different kinds, including tourists and local residents, frequent the forests of Chitwan. Tigers need to use the same space as people if they are to have an existent long-term future. What we're learning in Chitwan is that tigers seem to be adapting to make it work. We've found something very interesting is happening in Nepal that holds promise for both humans and nature to thrive."6. Why do tigers in Nepal move out at night?A. They like the darkness.B. They want to avoid their natural enemy.C. They want to avoid humans.D. They can share the same path with humans.7. What's the main idea of Paragraph 2?A. Traditional idea on the peaceful life between people and tigers.B. Traditional idea on the conflict between people and tigers.C. People should protect tigers at the cost of their own benefit.D. People should protect themselves without caring for tigers.8. The underlined word "venturing" means in Paragraph 3.A. advertisingB. adventuringC. addictingD. adapting9. How did Mr. Carter learn tigers' activities?A. By personally watching their activities on the spot.B. By spending two seasons living with the tigers.C. By analyzing the images of motion-detecting camera.D. By asking the information from the park staff.10. What will do harm to tigers' life according to Carter?A. Enough wild animals.B. Almost no poaching.C. The thick forests.D. Human's activities in the forest.CNormal human eyes contain three kinds of color-detecting cells called cones(视锥), and by comparing the way these cones are each stimulated by incoming light, our brains distinguish red wavelengths from green and blue wavelengths from yellow. Dogs' eyes, like those of most other mammals, contain just two kinds of cones. These enable their brains to distinguish blue from yellow, but not red from green.According to Jay Neitz, a color vision scientist at the University of Washington who conducted many of the modern experiments on color perception in dogs, our pets' eyes are structured in a similar way to those of red-green color-blind people, whose eyes also lack the third kind of cone normally present in humans. We can get an idea of what dogs see, Neitz said, if we assume their brains interpret signals from their cone cells much like the brains of color-blind people.To see blue and yellow, dogs and humans alike rely on neurons inside the eye's retina(视网膜). These neurons are excited in response to yellow light detected in the cone cells (which are also inside the retina), but the neurons' activity gets suppressed when blue light hits the cones. A dog's brain interprets the excitation or suppression of these neurons as the sensation(感觉) of yellow or blue, respectively.However, in dogs and color-blind individuals, red light and green light both have a neutral effect on the neurons. With no signal to interpret these colors, the dogs' brains don't perceive any color. Where you see red or green, they see shades of gray. "A human would be missing the sensations of red and green," Neitz told Life's Little Mysteries. "But whether or not the dog's sensations are missing red and green, or if their brains assign colors differently, is unclear."Furthermore, like color-blind people, dogs may use other cues to distinguish the color we call "red" from the color we call "green." "A lot of the time there are good cues to help them figure it out; for example, red objects tend to be darker than green objects," Neitz said. "So, if it's a dark apple, a red-green color-blind person would know that it's probably a red one, and if it's a lighter apple, it may be a Granny Smith."11. According to the passage, most mammals can recognize .A. red from blueB. red from greenC. blue from yellowD. yellow from green12. A few persons cannot tell red from green because .A. they lack the first kind of coneB. they lack the second kind of coneC. they lack the third kind of coneD. they lack all the three cones13. The underlined word "suppressed" in Paragraph three means .A. Brought upB. Kept downC. Broken outD. Taken away14. According to Neitz, it is still uncertain whether or not .A. red and green lights have a neutral effect on dogsB. red and green lights have a neutral effect on the color-blindC. the dog's sensations are short of red and greenD. dogs' brains assign colors in the same way as common people15. "A Granny Smith" at the end of the article refers to a .A. common womanB. color-blind womanC. red appleD. green appleDAt first glance, blowing a bubble net to trap sardines is not the smartest move a dolphin can make. Bubbles reflect sonar(声纳) signals better than sardines do, making the fish invisible and giving them a chance to escape. But mathematical tricks can get around this, and dolphins may naturally use them to locate the fishy signal amid the bubbles.Timothy Leighton at the University of Southampton, UK, and his colleagues produced dolphin-like sonar clicks in a tank containing a "fish"—a small steelball-hiding in a bubble cloud. Dolphins vary the amplitude(振幅) of their clicks, Leighton says, so he gave every second click a weaker amplitude than the first. Imitating what might go on in the dolphin brain, he then increased the echo from the weaker click to bring it up to the same level as the stronger click.This made the two echoes from the steel ball identical. But because even a weak sonar click bounces strongly off bubbles, increasing the weaker echo made the bubble signal stand out even more than it did in the stronger click. Leighton used that fact to distinguish the steel ball from the bubbles.Human sonar operators could apply the trick to detect weak signals from sea mines in shallow waters full of waves. Sonar systems are designed to find submarines(潜水艇) in deep, bubble-free water and are less effective in the shallows. "Developing sonar that can see sea mines in these conditions is important." says Leighton.16. The underlined word "them" refers to .A. sardinesB. sonar signalsC. mathematical tricksD. blown bubbles17. Where did Timothy Leighton imitate the work of the dolphin brain?A. In a tank containing a true fish.B. In a tank containing a steel ball.C. In the ocean containing bubbles.D. In the ocean containing fishes.18. Why did Leighton increase the weaker echo?A. Because he could make the two echoes from the steel ball the same.B. Because he could make the bubble signal disappear gradually.C. Because he could know if the dolphin recognized the difference.D. Because he could recognize the bubbles from the steel ball.19. According to Leighton, it is very important to improve .A. sonar of seeing sea minesB. sonar of seeing submarinesC. sonar of seeing dolphinsD. sonar of seeing bubblesEIn 1961, a group of scientists set up a permanent camp on Possession Island, a bit of land located in the Crozet Archipelago, about halfway between Madagascar and Antarctica in the Indian Ocean. Their goal was a long-term study of king penguins, and scientists have continued that study for more than 50 years, sometimes accompanied by a small number of tourists. The penguins appear to be habituated to the presence of humans, but a new study in BMC Ecology finds that even this limited human contact may be negatively affecting them.A team of researchers from France and Switzerland compared 15 king penguins from the areas regularly disturbed by scientists and tourists with 18 birds that bred in an undisturbed area, recording the penguins' heart rates in response to three potential human stressors—loud noise, approaches by humans and capture.With both loud noise and human approach, the penguins from the disturbed area were far less stressed than their companions from the undisturbed area. All the birds, however, found capture to be a stressful experience. It's possible that these penguins have grown used to the presence of humans in their breeding area. Over time, the population would evolve to handle this disturbance(干扰) better and better. That may seem like a good thing, the scientists say.This is hardly the first time that researchers have found that their methods have had unexpected consequences for the animals they study. A central question for experts is the extent to which human's disturbances (such as tourism) might impact wildlife and affect the systems under study. One of the major mistakes of suchresearch is in forgetting that, from the idea of the wildlife studied, tourism and scientific research are not two worlds apart.20. Why did scientists set up a permanent camp on Possession Island?A. Because they want to attract more tourists.B. Because they want to study king penguins.C. Because they want to raise more penguins.D. Because they want to link Madagascar with Antarctica.21. According to the passage, penguins seldom get pressure from .A. approaches by humansB. loud noiseC. scientists' captureD. other penguins' company22. The underlined word "evolve" in Paragraph 3 means .A. Develop graduallyB. Disobey graduallyC. Discount graduallyD. Display gradually23. It can be inferred that tourism .A. has little effect on penguins' lifeB. has no effect on penguins' lifeC. was ignored by scientists beforeD. has always been valued by scientists.24. What's the best title of the passage?A. King Penguins Inspire the Development of TourismB. King Penguins Develop Well with Humans' DisturbancesC. King Penguins Live a Happy Life in AntarcticaD. King Penguins Stressed out by Scientists and Tourists答案一、阅读理解1. D2. A3. C4. C5. D6. C7. A8. B9. C 10. D 11. C 12. C 13. B 14. C 15. D 16. C 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. B 21. D 22. A 23. C 24. D。