定语从句和宾语从句 (从句辨析)

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定语从句和宾语从句的区别

定语从句和宾语从句的区别

定语从句和宾语从句的区别定语从句和宾语从句是英语语法中两个重要的从句结构,它们在句子中分别起着修饰名词或代词的作用和充当宾语的作用。

虽然它们的功能相似,但它们在结构和用法上有明显的区别。

本文将详细探讨定语从句和宾语从句的区别。

一、定语从句的特点和用法定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句。

它通常出现在被修饰的名词或代词之后,并且由关系词(如:who, which, that, whose, whom等)引导。

定语从句可以用来进一步说明或限定名词或代词的性质、状态、特征等。

下面是一些定语从句的示例:1. My sister, who is a doctor, works at the local hospital.2. The book that you lent me is very interesting.3. Do you know the person whose car was stolen?从以上示例可以看出,定语从句通过关系词引导,后面紧跟着一个完整的句子,这个句子修饰前面的名词或代词。

二、宾语从句的特点和用法宾语从句是用来充当句子的宾语的从句。

它通常出现在动词后面,由连接词(如:that, whether, if等)引导。

宾语从句可以用来回答动词的宾语所指的内容或作为宾语的补充说明。

下面是一些宾语从句的示例:1. He asked me if I could help him.2. I don't know what time he will arrive.3. She told us that she had already finished her homework.从以上示例可以看出,宾语从句不以关系词引导,通常由连接词引导,用来充当动词的宾语。

三、定语从句和宾语从句的区别1. 结构上的区别:定语从句通过关系词引导,后面紧跟着一个完整的句子。

而宾语从句通常由连接词引导,可以是一个从句或一个简单的句子。

宾语从句和定语从句的区别

宾语从句和定语从句的区别

宾语从句和定语从句的区别宾语从句和定语从句在句子中起到了不同的作用,它们分别用于修饰名词和充当动词的宾语。

本文将详细介绍宾语从句和定语从句的区别。

一、宾语从句宾语从句是一个完整的句子,它在句中充当动词的宾语。

宾语从句通常由连接词引导,包括that、whether、if、when、where、why等。

宾语从句的位置可以在及物动词、介词后面,或者在一些固定句式中。

宾语从句可以是陈述句、疑问句或祈使句。

例如:1. I know that he is coming tomorrow.(我知道他明天会来。

)2. Can you tell me where she lives?(你能告诉我她住在哪里吗?)3. He asked me if I had finished my homework.(他问我是否完成了作业。

)宾语从句在句子中起到修饰名词的作用,用来回答与宾语相关的问题,如“是什么”、“怎样”、“为什么”等。

二、定语从句定语从句也是一个完整的句子,它在句中充当名词的修饰语。

定语从句通常由关系代词引导,包括that、which、who、whom、whose等。

定语从句一般紧跟在被修饰的名词之后。

例如:1. The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.(我从图书馆借来的那本书非常有趣。

)2. The boy who is playing piano is my brother.(正在弹钢琴的那个男孩是我弟弟。

)3. This is the city where I was born.(这是我出生的城市。

)定语从句在句子中起到修饰名词的作用,用来对被修饰名词进行补充、说明、限制等。

三、宾语从句与定语从句的区别1. 作用不同:宾语从句用来充当动词的宾语,定语从句用来修饰名词。

2. 位置不同:宾语从句一般位于及物动词、介词后面,或者在一些固定句式中;定语从句紧跟在被修饰的名词之后。

定语从句和宾语从句怎么区分

定语从句和宾语从句怎么区分

定语从句和宾语从句怎么区分?怎么用?最近很多读者在我们英语周报学习交流群内提问有关定语从句和宾语从句的问题,这是目前大家英语学习中的重点、难点,也是考试中常见的考点之一,掌握它们的用法非常重要。

下面小编就帮大家梳理、总结一下定语从句和宾语从句的区别及具体用法,希望能对大家的英语学习起到帮助作用,好了,一起来学习吧!定语从句在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。

被定语从句修饰的词叫“先行词”。

引导定语从句的词叫关系代词或关系副词。

下面我们结合例句来看一下由that, which, who和whom引导的定语从句。

1. 关系代词that引导的定语从句。

that在从句中作主语或宾语,可以指人,也可以指物。

如:A plane is a machine that can fly. (作主语,指物)That’s is the best hotel that I know. (作宾语,指物)Who is the man that is reading a book over there? (作主语,指人)The girl that we saw yesterday is Jim’s sister. (作宾语,指人)2. 关系代词which引导的定语从句。

which在从句中作主语或宾语,只可以指物。

如:They planted some trees which didn’t need much water. (作主语,指物)The fish which we bought this morning were not fresh. (作宾语,指物)3. 关系代词who和whom引导的定语从句。

who和whom只可以指人,分别在从句中作主语或宾语,口语中通常用who代替whom。

如:The boy who broke the window is called Tom. (作主语,指人)The person to whom you talked just now is Mr Smith. (作宾语,指人)【即学即练】用who, whom, which或that完成下列句子。

宾语从句和定语从句区别

宾语从句和定语从句区别

宾语从句和定语从句区别宾语从句和定语从句是英语语法中常见的两种从句。

它们在句子中的作用和结构有所不同,下面将分别列举宾语从句和定语从句的特点和例句。

一、宾语从句1. 定义:宾语从句是在句子中作为宾语的从句,用来说明主句中的动作或状态。

2. 特点:a. 通常由连接词that引导,也可以由连接词if, whether等引导。

b. 宾语从句可以放在及物动词的宾语位置、介词后面、动词不定式后面等位置。

c. 宾语从句中的谓语动词通常与主句中的动词的时态和语态保持一致。

3. 例句:a. I know that he is a teacher.(我知道他是一名老师。

)b. She asked if I had finished my homework.(她问我是否完成了作业。

)c. He told me that he would come tomorrow.(他告诉我他明天会来。

)二、定语从句1. 定义:定语从句是在句子中作为定语的从句,用来修饰名词或代词。

2. 特点:a. 通常由关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that或关系副词when, where, why引导。

b. 定语从句可以放在被修饰的名词或代词的后面,用来给出进一步的描述和限定。

c. 定语从句中的谓语动词通常与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。

3. 例句:a. The person who is standing there is my teacher.(站在那里的人是我的老师。

)b. This is the book that I borrowed from the library.(这是我从图书馆借来的书。

)c. Do you know the reason why she cried?(你知道她为什么哭吗?)宾语从句和定语从句的区别在于其在句子中的作用和结构。

宾语从句作为宾语,用来说明主句中的动作或状态;而定语从句作为定语,用来修饰名词或代词。

宾语从句和定语从句的差异分析

宾语从句和定语从句的差异分析

宾语从句和定语从句的差异分析在英语语法中,宾语从句和定语从句是两种常见的从句结构。

虽然它们都是从句,但它们在句子中的功能和用法有明显区别。

本文将对宾语从句和定语从句的差异进行分析,以便更好地理解和运用这两种从句。

一、宾语从句宾语从句作为一个整体作为主句的宾语,用来说明主句的动作、行为或状态的对象或内容。

宾语从句通常由连接词“that”引导,但在口语中也可以使用其他连接词,如“if”、“whether”等。

需要注意的是,如果宾语从句是陈述句,连接词“that”通常可以省略。

1. 语法结构:主句 + 动词 + 宾语从句例句:He said (that) he would come to the party.2. 特点:a. 宾语从句通常放在动词后面,而不是宾语前面。

b. 连接词“that”通常可以省略,但在口语中经常省略。

二、定语从句定语从句用来修饰主句中的名词或代词,进一步说明名词或代词的特征、所属关系、状况等。

定语从句通常由关系代词(如who, whom, whose, which, that等)引导。

1. 语法结构:主句 + 名词 + 定语从句例句:The person who is standing over there is my brother.2. 特点:a. 定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词后面。

b. 关系代词在定语从句中作为主语、宾语、定语等,引导定语从句的同时充当一个从句中的成分。

三、差异分析宾语从句和定语从句在功能和用法上存在以下差异:1. 功能:宾语从句作为整体作为主句的宾语,用于说明动作、行为的对象或内容;定语从句用来修饰主句中的名词或代词,进一步说明其特征、所属关系等。

2. 引导词:宾语从句通常由连接词“that”引导,但在口语中常省略;定语从句则由关系代词(如who, whom, whose, which, that)引导。

3. 位置:宾语从句通常放在动词后面,而不是宾语前面;定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词后面。

宾语从句,状语从句,定语从句,表语从句的详细讲解及例句

宾语从句,状语从句,定语从句,表语从句的详细讲解及例句

当我们学习语法时,我们常常会遇到几种从句,包括宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句和表语从句。

下面逐个进行详细讲解,并给出相应的例句。

1. 宾语从句(Object Clause):宾语从句用来做主句中的宾语。

它通常由连接词引导,如that, if, whether, what, where, who, whom, whose等。

例句:- I don't know what he wants.(我不知道他想要什么。

)- She asked if he could come to the party.(她问他是否能来参加派对。

)- They wonder where we are going.(他们想知道我们要去哪里。

)2. 状语从句(Adverbial Clause):状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词,表示时间、地点、原因、条件、结果等。

它通常由连接词引导,如when, while, because, if, although, since等。

例句:- We will go hiking if the weather is good.(如果天气好,我们将去远足。

)- He studied hard until he passed the exam.(他学习努力直到通过考试。

)- Although it was raining, they still went out.(虽然下雨了,他们仍然出去了。

)3. 定语从句(Relative Clause):定语从句用来修饰主句中的名词或代词,对其进行限定或说明。

它通常由关系代词引导,如that, which, who, whom, whose等。

例句:- The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书很有趣。

)- The person who is talking to Mary is my brother.(正在和玛丽说话的那个人是我哥哥。

中的定语从句与宾语从句辨析技巧

中的定语从句与宾语从句辨析技巧

中的定语从句与宾语从句辨析技巧定语从句和宾语从句是英语语法中重要的从句类型,它们在句子中起到修饰名词和充当动词宾语的功能。

然而,有时候我们可能会在使用上出现混淆或者错误,因此需要掌握定语从句和宾语从句的辨析技巧。

本文将介绍中的定语从句与宾语从句的区别,并提供一些辨析技巧。

一、定语从句的特点和用法定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句,通常用来进一步说明或限定主句中的名词或代词的意义。

定语从句放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。

定语从句的引导词有:who, whom, whose, which, that 等。

例如:1. The girl who is standing over there is my sister.2. I like the book that you recommended to me.二、宾语从句的特点和用法宾语从句是用作宾语的从句,通常充当动词的宾语,说明主句中的动作或状态。

宾语从句放在及物动词或介词后面。

宾语从句的引导词有:that, whether/if, who, whom, whose, which等。

例如:1. He asked me if I could help him.2. She doesn't know who will come to the party.三、定语从句与宾语从句的区别1. 在句子结构上的差异:定语从句是用来修饰名词的从句,作为名词的前置修饰成分,放在被修饰的名词之后。

而宾语从句则作为动词的宾语,放在动词或介词后面。

2. 引导词的不同:定语从句的引导词有:who, whom, whose, which, that等。

而宾语从句的引导词主要有:that, whether/if, who, whom, whose, which等。

3. 对主句的关系不同:定语从句是用来修饰和限定主句中的名词或代词的意义,起到进一步补充说明的作用。

而宾语从句则作为动词或介词的宾语,对主句中的动作或状态进行说明。

宾语从句和定语从句的区别

宾语从句和定语从句的区别

宾语从句和定语从句的区别宾语从句和定语从句的区别语文是一个多义词,通常作为语言文字、语言文学、语言文化的简称,其本义为“语言文字”。

语文课一般被认为是语言和文化的综合科。

下面是店铺为大家整理的宾语从句和定语从句的区别,仅供参考,欢迎大家阅读!宾语从句(一) 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语.宾语从句常由that引导,在口语中常省略.当主句中谓语动词是现在或将来时态时,从句中谓语动词不受主句中谓语动词时态的影响,按需要可以使用任何时态.如:She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday.她说她从周一至周五上班.(从句是一般现在时) She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk.她说她要在他桌子上留个便条.(从句是一般将来时) She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei.她说她从来没有去过峨眉山.(从句是现在完成时) 当主句谓语是过去时态,从句中的时态一般用表示过去的某种时态.如:He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon.他说昨天下午没有课.(从句是一般过去时) He said (that) he was going to take care of the baby.他说他会去照看这个婴儿.(从句是过去将来时) He said (that) they were having a meeting at that time.他说他们那时正在开会.(从句是过去进行时) *当主句谓语是过去时态,而宾语从句叙述某一客观真理(事实)时,宾语从句的时态则用一般现在时.如:The teacher told us(that) nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.老师告诉我们世上无难事只怕有心人.She said (that) her father is twenty-eight years older than her.她说她父亲比她大二十八岁.He said that light travels much faster than sound.他说光传播比声音传播快得多.(二) 由连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句.引出名词性从句的连词whether和if,在引出宾语从句时,用法和意义相同.但是只能引出宾语从句和不在句首的'主语从句,而whether除了引出宾语从句外,还可引出主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句.例如:We don't know whether (if) it is right.我们不知道它是否正确.The question is whether she should do that.问题在于她是否应该做那件事.Whether it is true remains a question.是真是假还是个问题.试比较:当if从句处在主句之后作“是否”讲时,引出的是宾语从句.例如:I don't know if it is true.我不知道这事是否真实.当if从句在主句之前作“如果”讲,则引出状语从句.例如:I shall go there if I have time.如果我有时间,我将到那儿去.定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词.定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出.关系代词有:who,whom,whose,that,which等.关系副词有:when,where,why等.关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致.1)who,whom,that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人.(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语,若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙.Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书.3)which,that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣.(which / that在句中作主语)The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了.(which / that在句中作宾语) 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语.1)when,where,why关系副词when,where,why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例如:There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候.Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.北京是我的出生地.Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?2)that代替关系副词that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when,where,why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略,例如:His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了.He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago.他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方.下载全文。

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4.关 系 词 如 何 用?
• 关系代词
• 当关系代词在从句中作 主语时,指人用关系代词who,that; 指物用which,that. 如:The man (who /that sat beside me )was excited. The car (which /that is over there ) is my favorite. • 当关系代词在从句中作宾语时,指人用关系代词 whom/that/who( 非正式),指物用关系代词which/that,口语 中可以省略。 如: The doctor (whom/that/ she visited ) is famous. The blouse (which/that/ she tried on )was small. • 当关系代词在从句中作定语,表示所有关系时,用whose(既 指人也指物) 如: I live in a house (whose door faces west) I know a woman (whose daughter died).
• detail • concentrate • interrupt • cut someone off • draw out • wander • passive • clue
• I can't concentrate on my work when I'm tired. • 我累了就无法集中精力工作。 • He likes to wander over the countryside. • 他喜欢在乡间漫步。
修饰整个句子
定语从句所修饰的词叫作先行词,而引导定语从句的 词叫关系词(关系代词和关系副词)。关系词一般 紧跟在先行词之后引导定语从句。
2.定语从句的构成
如:There was a young man (who liked paintings). 句中, who为关系代词,定语从句who liked paintings修饰先行词a young man 。
再如:This is the house (where I lived last year). 句中, where为关系副词,定语从句where I lived last year修饰先行词the house。
3.关系词以及注意点
关系代词有which,that,who(m),whose; 关系副词有when,where,why 注意:关系词既代替前面的先行词在从句中担任一定的成分,又把 两个句子连接起来,构成一个带有定语从句的主从复合句。 例如:两个简单句 Thank you for the flowers.+You gave me the flowers. 主从复合句 Thank you for the flowers (which(that) you gave me). Thank you for the record which(that)you gave me the record.(F) Thank you for the record which(that)you gave it to me.(F) 说明:关系代词which /that代替前面的先行词the record,已经在 从句中担任宾语,所以再在从句中加the record或it就重复了。
4.关 系 词 如 何 用?
e,why 分别表示时间,地点和原因,在 定语从句中起状语的作用。 如:He told me the date (when the meeting would be held.) ( 相 当于 on which) This is the place (where he works).( 相当于at which) No one knows the reason (why he suddenly died).
2.when的用法: (先行词应是表示时间的名词) I’ll never forget the day.
+
I joined the League on that day. 从 句
I’ll never forget the day on which I joined the League . I’ll never forget the day when I joined the League.
is too difficult for him.
that you want 7. Is there anything ________
to buy in the town.
that we can do is to study hard. 8.All ______ that stands up is a 9. The first one _____
• It's not polite to interrupt a speaker. • 打断人的谈话是不礼貌的。 • We were cut off in the middle of our conversation. • 我们正交谈时被打断了。
• There is no clue to the identity of the thief. • 没有确定窃贼身分的线索。 • He played a passive role in the marriage. • 他在婚姻中扮演了一个被动的角色。
which/that 4. My parents live in a house__________ is more than 100 years old.
whom John spoke is 5. The boy with _______ my brother.
which/that 6. Kevin is reading a book __________
But things have changed since I couldn't concentrate when my owner talked.
Sometimes I interrupt him before he finishes his talk.
Every time I cut my owner off, he gets angry and stops talking to me!
• The details of the meeting haven't been made public. • 会议的细节尚未公布。 • How did Jack draw out Mr. White and make him talk?
• 杰克是怎么使怀特先生开口说 话的?
Tongue Twister
My owner no longer loves me! I get really passive and don't want to do anything.
Why doesn't he like me? Can you give me a clue?
The owner likes the cat with a listening ear!
3.why的用法: ( 表示原因的名词)
The reason why I’m calling you is to invite you to a party.
• 定语从句—Attributive Clause
1. 何为定语从句?
• 定语可以由形容词,代词,数词,名词,介词短语等来担任。 如果一个句子担任定语,这个句子就叫定语从句。 • 定语从句可以修饰名词或代词,还能修饰整个句子。
Hello everyone, I'm Kitty. I met a problem and need your advice!
Now I'm going to give you some details to let you know more about my problem!
I was once a happy cat and my owner loved me!
4.关 系 词 如 何 用?
• 注意:在下列情况下,无论关系代词在定语从句中是作主 语还是宾语,指人还是指物,都用 that
• 1. 先行词带有最高级形容词,或有only,all 等词修饰时; 如:This is the best film (that I have ever seen). You are the only person (that can help me). • 2. 先行词为all ,something,anything 等不定代词时; 如:You can take anything (that you like). All (that I have) is given by my parents. • 3. 先行词既指人又指物时; 如: Do you know the people and things (that they are talking about)?
Can you can a can as the canner can can a can?
关系副词
关系副词是用来引导定语从句的,它和关系代词一样,具 有几种作用。
1. 在从句中代替先行词。
2. 在句中作状语。
3. 连接作用,把两个句子连接成为一个带有定语从句的复合句。 关系副词有三种: where:在从句中作地点状语,指代地点。 (on/in/at…which)
=The hotel where we stayed wasn’t clean. =The hotel at which we stayed wasn’t clean. =The hotel which we stayed at wasn’t clean =The hotel 关系词略we stayed at wasn’t clean .
1. I have a friend ________ who/that likes listening to classical music. 2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the which/that I gave her. new dress __________ 3. The man ______ whose leg broke in a match used to be a football player.
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