高中英语必修一第四单元重点难点

Unit four Earthquakes

1、In the city, the water pipes in some buildings crached and burst.

城市里，一些大楼里的水管爆裂。

burst爆裂,突发

用法归纳：

The square is bursting with tourists. 广场上到处都是游客。

I felt as if my heart would burst with joy. 我觉得自己高兴得心花怒放。

The police burst through the door. 警察破门而入。

There was a burst of laughter in the next room. 隔壁房间里突然爆发出一阵笑声。

联想扩展：

(1) burst in on…突然打断

He burst in on our conversation. 他突然打断了我们的谈话。

(2) burst into +n. 突然…

The speaker burst into angry speech. 演讲者突然讲粗话。

(3) burst out + doing突然…

The woman burst out crying like a child. 那个妇女突然像小孩一样哭了。

(4) burst to do sth. 迫切想做某事

I am bursting to tell you the news. 我迫不及待的想告诉你这个消息。

2、But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.

但是认为这没什么的一百万城里人，那天晚上还像往常一样睡觉。易混辨析：

affair, event, accident, incident, matter 和business 事；事情affair 指要做的事或已经发生的事。多用复数。

event 指重大历史事件，也可指日常生活中较重要的事或比赛项目。accident 指意外或偶然的不幸事件，多有不良后果。

incident 与重要事件有关的事情，尤指政治、军事上有争议的情况。matter 需要认真考虑的事情。

business 日常事务、商业事务；还可以是公事。

3、The suffering of the people was extreme. 人们极度痛苦。suffer

用法归纳：

A, 受苦He suffered terribly when his mother died.

B, 受到损失If I lost, my self-esteem will suffer.

C, 遭受 He suffered no pain

联想扩展：

suffer from

1、受…之苦I suffered most from lack of rest.

2、患…病I am suffering from a cold.

特别提示：

suffer表示“患…病”时，后面一般跟疾病名称。

即时活用：

_______ such heavy pollution already , it may now be too late to clean up the river .

A. Having suffered

B. Suffering

C. To suffer

D. Suffered

答案：A

4、Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.

地震中，有三分之二的人死亡或受伤。

易混辨析：

injure ; hurt; wound; harm 伤害

injure比hurt 正式，hurt多指伤痛，而injure则指损害健康、成就、容貌等，强调功能的损失。

hurt 既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上、感情上的伤害。指肉体上的伤害时，hurt 可与badly, slightly, seriously等连用；但若果指精神上的创伤，只能用very much, rather / deeply。

wound 指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤，是出血的、严重的伤，特指战场上受伤。可以是肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上的创伤。

harm 表示引起对身体、物质或精神上的损害，常指伤害人的肉体，损坏东西以及损害健康、品质、事业等。

即时活用：

1、Did you say that our neighbor ______ in the accident?

A. badly hurted

B. was badly hurted

C. had badly hurted

D. was badly hurt

答案：D

2、My chest _____ when I take a deep breath, doctor.

A. hurts

B. wounds

C.harms

D. injure

答案：A

3、There was a fight in the street yesterday. Three people were seriously ____.

A. hurt

B. killed

C. broken

D.cut

答案：A

4、The old lady died from the _____on her head; she was _______when cleaning windows on the ladder when she fell off it.

A. injury; injured

B. wound; wound

C. wounded; hurt

D. hurt; injured

答案：A

5、The bus driver was badly ___on both legs in the traffic accident.

A. wounded

B. broken

C. injured

D. destroyed

答案：C

5、The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.

伤亡人数达到四十多万。

reach

用法归纳：

（1）到达

The started early, hoping to reach there before dark. 它们很早就出发，希望天黑前到达那里。

易混辨析：

reach; get; arrive 到达

reach后直接加地点；get加to再加地点；arrive后加at/ in再加地点，at 后加小地点；in后加大地点。如果表示地点的词是副词，get和arrive后都不能用介词。另外，只表示

“到了”，不强调到什么地方用arrive。

（2）达到

The number of the students in our school will reach 2000 next year.

我们学校学生的数量明年会达到2000。

（３）用手或脚够到

Can you reach the book on the top of the shelf? 你能够到书架顶上的那本书吗？特别提示：

reach还可以作名词，表示“用手或脚能够到的范围；管辖范围或臂展”。

Please pass me the salt, it’s out of my reach. 请把盐递给我，我够不到。

（4）传到某人手中/耳中

Your letter reached me yesterday. 我昨天收到你的来信。

The news reached me just now. 我刚刚听到那个消息。

（5）通向；延伸

Where does this road reach? 这条路通向哪里？

即时活用：

1、Most children stay at home until they ____ school age.

A. get

https://www.360docs.net/doc/2a3299477.html,e

C. reach

D. arrive

答案：C

2、Dear Jenny, thank you for your letter which ______ on April 1st.

A. arrived

B. arrived at

C. arriving

D. arrived me

答案：A

3、It is _______that the letter will ____you this afternoon.

A. most like; arrive

B. likely; reach

C. mostly like; get

D. best like; reach

答案：B

6、Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves. 砖头象秋天的红树叶一样覆盖着地面。

cover

用法归纳：

（1）覆盖

The playground is covered by fallen leaves, we should clean it. 操场被落叶覆盖，我们应该清扫。

特别提示：

表示“覆盖”时，常用cover…with / by句型，并且译法比较灵活。

I am covered by dust. 我满身都是土。

She covered her face with her hands. 她用双手捂着脸。

（2）包括；包含；涉及

The study of physics covers many subjects.

(3) 保护；掩护

The mother covered the baby from the falling ceiling. 母亲保护婴儿不受下落的天花板的伤害。

（4）走完多少路；看完多少页书。

I can cover 100 Li on foot a day. 我一天不行能走100里。

How many pages have you covered? 你看完了多少页书？

（5）占多大面积

Our school covers an area of 60.000 square meters. 我们学校占地60000平方米。特别提示：

表示“占多大面积”用…covers an area of +数词。

（6）采访

The chief editor sent a reporter to cover the event. 主编派了一记者去采访整个事件。易混辨析：

cover和interview

cover表示“采访”时，表示对整个事件的采访；而interview多指对人的采访。

即时活用：

1、The farm is huge, lying between the valleys, and ____ an area of 15 square kilometers.

A. covered

B. being covered

C. covering

D. covers

答案：D

2、This is a long hard winter, with everything _______ white.

A. covered

B. covered by

C. covering

D. covering with

答案：B

3、This book is said to be a special one which ________ many events not found in other history books.

A. writes

B. covers

C. prints

D. reads

答案：B

4、This is a long hard winter, with everything _______ white.

A. covered

B. covered by

C. covering

D. covered with

答案：D

5、The farm is huge, lying between the valleys, and ____ an area of 15 square kilometers.

A. covered

B. being covered

C. covering

D. covers

答案：D

7、The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead。

解放军组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。

dig out挖出；发现；捐钱

It is not easy to dig out the past. 发掘过去的历史是不容易的。

He was buried by an avalanche and had to be dug out. 他遇雪崩被埋住了，得把他挖出来。

联想扩展：

dig down 挖下dig in 开始细致的工作dig at 挖苦；嘲笑某人dig deep 挖深；挖出来 dig for 发掘；搜集dig into 钻研dig up 掘起；挖出

8、To the north of the city, most of the 10,000 miners were rescued from the coal mines there.

在城市北边，一万名矿工中的大多数被从煤矿中救了出来。

表示方位的介词in / on / to / off

用法归纳：

（1）in 表示在范围里的某个方向

Shanghai is in the east of China. 上海在中国的东部。

(2) on表示接壤

Canada is on the north of the USA. 加拿大在美国北边。

(3) to表示不在范围里，也不接壤

Japan lies to the east of China. 日本在中国东边。

特别提示：

上边的句子可以改写为：

Japan lies east of China.

或者

East of China lies Japan.

特别提示：

改正过的句子省略了介词to，原因在于表示方向的名词还可以作副词，表示“在什么方向”或“去什么方向”。

(4) off 表示

A. 在范围里但不接壤（多指各国的岛屿）

Taiwan is off the east of China. 台湾在中国的东部。

B. 在离…不远处

My house is off the main road. 我家离大路不远。

即时活用：

1、Taiwan lies______ the southeast of Fujian, which is ______ southeast of China.

A. in; on

B. to; in

C. on; in

D. to; on

答案：B

2、They traveled ________, all the way up to Wisconsin .