2017年上海市崇明县高考历史一模试卷(解析版)
(完整word版)2017年上海高考历史试题及答案,推荐文档
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海历史试卷考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
一、选择题(共75分>以下每小题2分，共60分。
每题只有一个正确选项。
1．在古代世界的文明成果中，被视为王权象征和灵魂安息之所的建筑是A．长城 B．二里头宫殿C．金字塔 D．帕特农神庙2．《左传》日：“桀有昏德，鼎迁于商，载祀六百。
商纣暴虐，鼎迁于周。
”下列成语中的“鼎”与材料中的“鼎”含义相同的是HFY8gmdA23A．人声鼎沸 B．鼎鼎有名C．三足鼎立 D．问鼎中原3．对于研究古代特洛伊战争具有第一手史料价值的作品是A．《希腊史》(格罗特著> B．影片《特洛伊》C．油画《帕里斯的裁判》D．《荷马史诗》4．公元前217年，某商人在宛(今河南南阳>交易时使用蚁鼻钱(楚国货币>，被当地官府依据《金布律》处罚。
这表明HFY8gmdA23A．秦半两钱过重使用不便 B．蚁鼻钱比秦半两钱值钱C．蚁鼻钱非当时颁定货币 D．秦半两钱未在楚地流通5．①在公元前44年的罗马牧神节上，执政官安东尼两次把王冠戴在恺撒的头上，都遭到了人群的抗议。
②于是恺撒取下王冠，把它存放在朱庇特神庙。
③在那一天，他没有获得皇帝称号。
④事实上自公元前49年起，恺撒己成为罗马的最高统治者，共和制名存实亡。
以上文字中属于历史解释的是HFY8gmdA23A．① B．② C．③D．④HFY8gmdA236．有一位历史学家这样描述道：“这座城市位于博斯普鲁斯海峡南端陡峭的岬角上，……这座城市由两扇海上大门保护着，可以禁止无论从爱琴海还是从黑海来的敌船的通行。
”“这座城市”是HFY8gmdA23A．君士坦丁堡 B．雅典 C．威尼斯 D．麦加HFY8gmdA237．“诏迁洛之民，死葬河南，不得还北。
于是代人南迁者，悉为河南洛阳人。
”文中提到的诏书出自A．东周平王B．东汉光武帝C．曹魏文帝D．北魏孝文帝8．下图为初建于中世纪后期的意大利佛罗伦萨市政厅，它是A．市民通过行会组成的政治中心 B．市民与教会共同施政的中心C．市民与庄园主共同施政的中心 D．市民与骑士联合执政的中心9．元朝时右丞相铁木迭儿掌管宣政院，他的儿子也为宣政院使。
2017年上海市崇明县高考历史一模试卷(解析版)
2017年上海市崇明县高考历史一模试卷一、选择题（共40分）在中国古代“家国一体”的社会中，忠孝观念源远流长。
其源头是（）A．宗法制B．君主制C．分封制D．郡县制2．（2分）中国古代儒家思想经过不断改造创新，成为封建社会的主流思想，这主要由于（）A．儒学反映了广大民众的利益和要求B．儒家思想是古代最进步的思想主张C．佛、道与儒学较量后退出舆论阵地D．儒家吸取各派学说以适应统治需要3．（2分）探究因果关系是历史学习的重要技能。
根据所示，左表中应填入（）A．①②B．②③C．③④D．①④4．（2分）秦汉以来，形成了以中国文化为轴心的东亚（儒家）文化圈，其中儒家文化最先传入的国家是（）A．朝鲜B．印度C．越南D．日本5．（2分）下列哪一制度的运作是宰相无法专权，皇帝也不能完全独裁？（）A．三公九卿制B．三省六部制C．行省制D．内阁制6．（2分）如图所示四幅疆域图按时间先后顺序排列正确的是（）A．①②③④B．②①③④C．③①②④D．④①②③7．（2分）中国文化不仅惠及近邻，而且泽被远西。
如图关于“中国古代文化外传”的时间轴，“？”处应填入（）A．火器随蒙古西征传入欧洲B．中国丝绸收到古罗马上层人士喜爱C．唐三彩随遣唐使流入日本D．瓷杯瓷盘随海禁的开放传到菲律宾8．（2分）下列关于清朝设置的军机处的特点，表述错误的是（）A．简：机构精简B．速：办事效率高C．开：决策开放性强D．专：皇帝乾纲独断9．（2分）18世纪法国启蒙思想家的共同观点是（）A．都反对封建专制制度B．都主张暴力革命C．都主张取消君主统治D．都主张三权分立10．（2分）“禁烟运动给了我们一个战争的机会……可以使我们终于乘战胜之余威，提出我们自己的条件，强迫中国接受。
”﹣﹣《安得鲁?韩德森致拉本特函》。
中国被迫接受他们的“条件”后发生的变化有（）①中国开始丧失内河航运权②列强获得在通商口岸设厂权利③中国开始丧失关税自主权④中国的社会性质开始发生变化。
2017年上海高考历史模拟试题(含答案)
2017年上海高考历史模拟试题（含答案）一、选择题（本大题共35小题，第1—30题每小题2分，第31—35题每小题3分，共75分）1．历史文献记载：殷人上下“率肆于酒”。
下列与之可以相互印证的文物是2．在古代世界的众多文明成果中，能够被视为王权象征和灵魂安息之所的建筑是A．长城B．二里头宫殿C．金字塔D．帕特农神庙3．《千字文》中“九州禹迹，百郡秦并”的历史现象发生于A．公元前二世纪初B．公元前二世纪晚C．公元前三世纪初D．公元前三世纪晚4．“晋楚更霸，赵魏困横。
假途灭虢，践土会盟。
”直接反映了A．实力竞争 B．社会变革C．诸侯争霸D．百家争鸣5．古代某法典规定：当债务人无力偿还债务时，如果债务人的种姓低于债权人，那么债务人只能以人身作为抵押；如果债务人的种姓高于债权人，那么可以暂缓偿还，并且不得用人身作低押。
其目的是A．区别不同的种姓B．维护高等的种姓C．维护债权人利益D．强调法律的权威6．某历史文章中描述“其版图西起不列颠，东至幼发拉底河，南起埃及和撒哈拉沙漠以北，北至莱茵、多瑙河一线，统治的人口可能多达6千万，常备军队不过区区25万人左右。
”文中指的是A．罗马帝国B．阿拉伯帝国C．东罗马帝国D．奥斯曼帝国7．丝绸之路的重镇敦煌出土了大量文献，其中包含一批唐代长安宫廷写经（抄经）。
右图是敦博第55号《妙法莲华经》卷六卷尾文字，对此解读最正确的是A．写经可作为唐代中外交流的证明B．详细罗列了唐代宫廷抄经的流程C．反映了唐代宫廷热衷佛教的史实D．唐代宫廷抄经有严密的制度保障8．观察左图，其中建立政权时间先后顺序正确的是A．①②③④B．①④②③C．④①②③D．④③①②9．中国历史上有众多的制度创新。
下列制度中创设意图与众不同的是A．刺史制度B．内外朝制C．内阁制度D．金瓶掣签制10．直接反映我国古代科技领先的是A．日本派遣唐使B．火药技术的西传C．传教士的东来D．《几何原本》的翻译11．探险家麦哲伦环球航行时经过的大洋顺序依次是A．大西洋—>印度洋—>太平洋—>大西洋B．大西洋—>太平洋—>印度洋—>大西洋C．太平洋—>印度洋—>大西洋—>太平洋D．太平洋—>大西洋—>印度洋—>太平洋12．“教皇和宗教会议的权力不是神授的，是人为的，都会犯错误。
崇明区2017年高三历史一模试卷
崇明县2016学年第一次高考模拟考试试卷历 史考生注意：1．考试时间60分钟，试卷满分100分。
2．所有答案必须做在答题卡上。
一、选择题（共40分）（每小题2分，每题只有一个正确选项）1．在中国古代“家国一体”的社会中，忠孝观念源远流长。
其源头是A ．宗法制B ．君主制C ．分封制D ．郡县制2．中国古代儒家思想经过不断改造创新，成为封建社会的主流思想，这主要由于A ．儒学反映了广大民众的利益和要求B ．儒家思想是古代最进步的思想主张C ．佛、道与儒学较量后退出舆论阵地D ．儒家吸取各派学说以适应统治需要3．探究因果关系是历史学习的重要技能。
根据所示，左表中应填入A ．①②B ．②③C ．③④D ．①④4．秦汉以来，形成了以中国文化为轴心的东亚（儒家）文化圈，其中儒家文化最先传入的国家是 A ．朝鲜B ．印度C ．越南D ．日本 5．下列哪一制度的运作是宰相无法专权，皇帝也不能完全独裁？A ．三公九卿制B ．三省六部制C ．行省制D ．内阁制6．下列四幅疆域图按时间先后顺序排列正确的是①②③④A ．①②③④B ．②①③④C ．③①②④D ．④①②③①使用铁器、推广牛耕，提高了生产力 ②少数民族政权入主中原 ③农民起义频繁④各国竞相实施富国强兵的变革原因结果周王室式微，列国纷争士大夫活跃，百家争鸣中国历史 上一次重 大社会转 型7．中国文化不仅惠及近邻，而且泽被远西。
下图关于“中国古代文化外传”的时间轴，“?”处应填入 A ．唐三彩随遣唐使流入日本 B ．中国丝绸受到古罗马上层人士喜爱 C ．火器随蒙古西征传入欧洲 D ．瓷杯瓷盘随海禁的开放传到菲律宾 8．下列关于清朝设置的军机处的特点，表述错误．．的是 A ．简：机构精简 B ．开：决策开放性强 C ．速：办事高效D ．专：皇帝专制独断 9．18世纪法国启蒙思想家的共同观点是A ．都反对封建专制制度B ．都主张暴力革命C ．都主张取消君主统治D ．都主张三权分立10．“禁烟运动给了我们一个战争的机会……可以使我们终于乘战胜之余威，提出我们自己的条件，强迫中国接受。
2017年上海市高考历史试卷及参考答案
2017年上海市普通高中等级性考试历史试题一、选择题（共40分，每小题2分。
每小题只有一个正确答案）1．早期先民的集体记忆是研究远古社会的重要依据，通常被称为A．神话传说B．考古遗存C．实物资料D．文字实录2．史学家虽未发现夏朝考古的直接证据，但发现了与其时间地点最吻合的遗址，它是A．姜寨遗址B．崧泽遗址C．二里头遗址D．殷墟遗址3．公元前770年，周平王把都城迁到洛邑。
这一时间也可表述为A．公元前7世纪前期B．公元前7世纪后期C．公元前8世纪前期D．公元前8世纪后期4．战国时期，孟子将儒家“仁”的观念升华为“仁政”学说，提出A．重义轻利B．民贵君轻C．天人感应D．正心诚意5．“市舶之利，颇助国用”这种现象的发生得益于A．张骞出使西域B．遣唐使节来华C．海上丝路繁荣D．朝贡贸易推行6．刘知几认为史家著史必须不加隐讳，如是撰写，意思就是A．秉笔直书B．知往鉴来C．经世致用D．祥今略古7．“我朝罢相……以后嗣君，并不许立丞相。
”其中“我朝”是指A．秦朝B．汉朝C．唐朝D．明朝8．历史学家使用“原始积累”“君主专制”“人文主义”等词汇来描述A．西欧社会的演变B．早期资产阶级革命的爆发C．工业社会的来临D．资本主义世界体系的形成9．英国工业革命时期，出现了下列那一重要现象？A．手工工场建立B．城市化进程开始C．垄断组织产生D．资本全球扩张10．太自鸣钟设置于工部局，“报时报刻，远近咸闻”。
这种情景最先出现在A．汉口B．上海C．天津D．重庆11．开创两种社会制度竞争格局的历史事件是A．美国独立战争B．法国大革命C．《共产党宣言》发表D．俄国十月革命12．“中学为体，西学为用”论中，“西学为用”意为采用西方军事科技，“中学为体”是指A．以中国文化为本位B．以中国文化为辅助C．以中国文化为手段D．以中国文化为形式13．在走向现代化的道路上，各个国家路径不同。
其中以军事力量完成统一，以发展重工业为重点的国家是A．法国B．日本C．德国D．俄国14．右侧漫画反映了中国近代史上的哪一现象？A．五口通商B．租界设立C．瓜分狂潮D．门户开放15．“官厅为治事之机关，职员乃人民之公仆，本非特殊之阶级，何取非分之名称。
2017高考全国卷文综历史部分真题及答案
2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标全国Ⅰ卷）文综历史试题24．周灭商之后，推行分封制，如封武王弟康叔于卫，都朝歌（今河南淇县）；封周公长子伯禽于鲁，都奄（今山东曲阜）；封召公奭于燕，都蓟（今北京）。
分封A．推动了文化的交流与文化认同B．强化了君主专制权力C．实现了王室对地方的直接控制D．确立了贵族世袭特权25．表1表1A．诸侯王国与朝廷矛盾渐趋激化B．中央行政体制进行了调整C．朝廷解决边患的条件更加成熟D．王国控制的区域日益扩大26．表2表2A．皇帝李世民与薛举战于泾州B．刘文静是战役中唐军的主帅C．唐军与薛举在泾州作战失败D．李世民患病导致了战役失败127．明前中期，朝廷在饮食器具使用上有一套严格规定，例如官员不得使用玉制器皿等。
到明后期，连低级官员乃至普通人家也都使用玉制器皿。
这一变化反映了A．君主专制统治逐渐加强B．经济发展冲击等级秩序C．市民兴起瓦解传统伦理D．低级官员易染奢靡风气28．开平煤矿正式投产时，土煤在国内从一个通商口岸装船到另一个通商口岸卸货，须缴纳出口税和复进口税，每吨税金达1两以上，比洋煤进口税多20余倍。
李鸿章奏准开平所产之煤出口税每吨减为1钱。
这一举措A．增强了洋务派兴办矿业的信心B．加强了对开平煤矿的管理C．摆脱了列强对煤矿业的控制D．保证了煤矿业稳健发展29．1904年，湖南、四川、江苏、广东、福建等长江流域与东南沿海9个省份留日学生共计1883人，占全国留日学生总数的78%，直隶亦有172人，山西、陕西等其他十几个省区仅有351人。
影响留日学生区域分布不平衡的主要因素是A．地区经济文化水平与开放程度有别B．革命运动在各地高涨程度存在差异C．清政府鼓励留学的政策发生变化D．西方列强在中国的势力范围不同30．陕甘宁边区政府在一份文件中讲到：“政府的各种政策，应当根据各阶级的共同利害出发。
凡是只对一阶级有利，对另一阶级有害的便不能作为政策决定的根据……现在则工人、农民、地主、资本家，都是平等的有权利。
【上海市崇明区】2017届高三第二次(4月)模拟考试历史试卷(附答案)
上海市崇明区2017届高三第二次（4月）模拟考试历史试卷（考试时间60分钟，满分100分。
）一、选择题（共40分）（每小题2分，每题只有一个正确选项）1．公元前1792年，古巴比伦王国国王汉穆拉比即位，这一时间也可表述为（）A．公元前17世纪初B．公元前17世纪末C．公元前18世纪初D．公元前18世纪末2．长期以来，国外不少学者认为中国南方的水稻是由印度传入的。
推翻这种说法的最可靠证据是（）A．学科专家的研究成果B．古代先民的口耳相传C．后世文献的详细记载D．考古发现的出土遗存3．春秋战国时期，以下现象或价值观最可能受当政者欢迎的是（）A．无为而治B．争功逐利C．礼乐教化D．仁义道德4．下图反映的是哪一王朝的中央集权体制结构？（）A．秦朝B．唐朝C．元朝D．明朝5．儒学教育官方化和制度化始于（）A．春秋B．西汉C．唐朝D．宋朝6．古代中央政府对台湾管辖不断加强，其中设置澎湖巡检司的朝代是（）A．唐朝B．宋朝C．元朝D．清朝7．“身着儒装传耶稣，口述四书讲圣经”描述的形象是（）A．早期的耶稣会士B．广方言馆的教师C．同文馆的外籍教师D．清末学堂里的教师8．在18世纪被誉为“最激进的启蒙思想家”的是（）A．霍布斯B．洛克C．孟德斯鸠D．卢梭9．为美国“原则民主”（指自由、平等原则）奠定思想基础的文件是（）A．《权利法案》B．《人权宣言》C．《独立宣言》D．《合众国宪法》B．奴隶贸易C．工业革命D．第一次世界大战．下列四幅地图反映了德国历史上的版图变化情况。
其变化顺序正确的是（）A．东盟B．七十七国集团C．石油输出国组织D．欧盟16．“摧毁中国关税壁垒，使海关失去对民族经济和国内市场的保护作用。
”这样的评价最适用于（）A．《南京条约》B．《天津条约》C．《北京条约》D．《马关条约》17．报刊的出现是近代中国社会进步的体现。
有关下列报纸说法正确的是（）A．都创办于19世纪末B．都促进近代中国思想解放C．都宣传民主共和思想D．都彻底批判封建思想观念18．周恩来总理曾经说过，新民主主义革命的历史，就是从天安门到天安门，你认为前一个“天安门”是指哪一重大历史事件？（）A．戊戌变法B．辛亥革命C．五四运动D．开国大典19．“从解除殖民主义痛苦和灾难中找共同基础，我们就很容易互相了解和善重、互相同情和支持，而不是互相疑虑和恐惧、互相排斥和对立。
2017年上海崇明区高三历史一模卷
崇明县 2016 学年第一次高考模拟考试一试卷历史考生注意：1．考试时间60 分钟，试卷满分100 分。
2．全部答案一定做在答题卡上。
一、选择题（共40 分）（每题2分，每题只有一个正确选项）1．在中国古代“家国一体”的社会中，忠孝看法积厚流光。
其源泉是A．宗法制 B ．君主制C．分封制 D ．郡县制2．中国古代儒家思想经过不停改造创新，成为封建社会的主流思想，这主要因为A．儒学反应了广大公众的利益和要求B．儒家思想是古代最进步的思想主C．佛、道与儒学较量退后出舆论阵地D．儒家汲取各派学说以适应统治需要3．研究因果关系是历史学习的重要技术。
依据所示，左表中应填入原由结果周王室式微，列国纷争中国历史前一次重士医生活跃，百花怒放大社会转型①使用铁器、推行牛耕，提高了生产力②少量民族政权入主中原③农民起义屡次④各国竞相实行富国强兵的改革A．①② B ．②③C．③④ D ．①④4．汉以来，形成了以中国文化为轴心的东亚（儒家）文化圈，此中儒家文化最初传入的国家是A．朝鲜 B ．印度C．越南 D ．日本5．以下哪一制度的运作是宰相没法专权，皇帝也不可以完整专制？A．三公九卿制 B ．三省六部制C．行省制 D ．阁制6．以下四幅领土图准时间先后次序摆列正确的选项是①②③④A．①②③④ B ．②①③④C．③①②④ D ．④①②③7．中国文化不单惠及近邻，并且泽被远西。
以下图对于“中国古代文化外传”的时间轴，“ ?”处应填入但斯之后，大食成立了中国本地之外第一个造作坊？9 世13 世欧洲人将指南可·波把宽泛用于航海中国用雕版印刷利将《》的来欧洲成拉丁文14 世15 世16 世A．唐三彩随遣唐使流入日本B．中国遇到古上人士喜C．火器随蒙古西征入欧洲D．瓷杯瓷随海禁的开放到菲律8．以下对于清朝置的机的特色，表述的是．．A．：机构精B．开：决议开放性C．速：事高效D．：皇帝制独断9． 18 世法国启发思想家的共同点是A．都反封建制制度B．都主暴力革命C．都主撤消君主治 D ．都主三分立10．“禁烟运了我一个争的时机⋯⋯能够使我于乘之余威，提出我自己的条件，迫中国接受。
2017年高考新课标Ⅰ卷文综历史试题解析(精编版)(解析版)
统治逐渐加强，故 B 项正确，排除 A；市民兴起在明朝之前就已经出现，而且也不足以说明瓦解传统伦理， 排除 C；这一变化不足以说明低级官员易染奢靡风气，高级官员更易染奢靡风气，排除 D。 【考点定位】古代中国的经济·明清时期经济的发展·经济发展冲击等级秩序 【名师点睛】本题命题意图是考查考生阅读和获取信息、调动和运用知识，探讨和比较分析历史问题的能 力。本题材料新颖学科*网，从明代玉制器皿的使用入手，深入考查了考生对经济发展影响社会生活和等级 秩序的理解和认识。全国卷 1 试题在考查中国古代经济这类选择题时，一个显著的特点是侧重考查古代经 济发展的影响或折射出的时代特征，这就要求考生在备考过程中注重对历史规律的理解和把握，提高概括 总结能力等。 28．开平煤矿正式投产时，土煤在国内从一个通商口岸装船到另一个通商口岸卸货，须缴纳出口税和复进 口税，每吨税金达 1 两以上，比洋煤进口税多 20 余倍。李鸿章奏准开平所产之煤出口税每吨减为 1 钱。这 一举措 A．增强了洋务派兴办矿业的信心 B．加强了对开平煤矿的管理 C．摆脱了列强对煤矿业的控制 D．保证了煤矿业稳健发展 【答案】A
【考点定位】古代中国的政治•商周时期政治制度•分封制
【名师点睛】本题命题意图是考查考生阅读和获取信息、调动和运用知识、探讨和分析历史问题的能力。
本题以主干知识——周朝分封制为切入点，深入考查了考生对分封制的认识和理解。关于分封制，相信考
生平时做过不少的训练题，而本题通过设置新情境，加大了题目的难度，需要考生能够拓展对分封制的认
草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3、非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上
帝非答题区域均无效。 4、选考题的作答：先把所选题目的题号在答题卡上指定的位置用 2B 铅笔涂黑。答案写在答题卡上对
6 上海市崇明县2017届高三一模
崇明县2017届第一次高考模拟考试试卷英语（考试时间120分钟，满分140分。
请将答案填写在答题纸上）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A postwoman. B. A teacher. C. A journalist. D. A librarian.2. A. On a plane. B. On a train. C. At a restaurant. D. At a travel agency.3. A. 5 minutes. B. 10 minutes. C. 15 minutes. D. 20 minutes.4. A. He spends too much money. B. He should watch more TV.C. He actually likes watching TV.D. He bought an expensive watch.5. A. The woman should get a new watch. B. The woman needs to buy another battery.C. He knows what is wrong with the watch.D. The store can probably fix the woman’s watch.6. A. He should work in the summer school. B. He shouldn’t go to New York in the summer.C.H e may not want to do so.D. He may have difficulty in doing so.7. A. Spend more time on the course. B. Turn to the graduate assistant for help.C. Drop the course as soon as possible.D. Help the graduate assistant with the course.8. A. They should buy a lot of coffee. B. The supermarket isn’t going to be closed.C. Coffee is out of stock in the supermarket.D. They should wait for a better deal on coffee.9. A. The final exam. B. A law school. C. A reference letter. D. The department policy.10. A. He wasn’t able to find a seat there. B. He had to wait a long time for a seat there.C. The seats there are uncomfortable.D. It provides reading materials for customers.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following news.11. A. 2. B. 18. C. About 125. D. Over 1,300.12. A. Helping good universities to enroll more students.B. Getting more financial support from foreign students.C. Encouraging more foreign students to travel around the UK.D. Attracting more excellent foreign students to work in Britain.13. A. He voted for Donald Trump. B. He did not vote in the presidential election.C. He made a political speech in the concert.D. He sang for only 40 minutes in the concert.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.高三英语共14页第1页14. A. They can play many kinds of games with snow.B. They can see the beautiful scenery of falling snow.C. They can have several days off from school if it snows.D. They can enjoy steaming hot chocolate on a snowy day.15. A. The building of snowmen for children B. The removal of snow off their driveway.C. The spread of salt mixed with sand.D. The low temperature that snow brings.16. A. Rare and exciting. B. Dangerous and challenging.C. Unusual but disappointing.D. Troublesome but interesting.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. It encourages wise consumption. B. It is impossible to get stolen.C. It makes it easier to pay off debt.D. It can be used in an emergency.18. A. It makes people feel safer. B. It prevents people from overspending.C. It enables people to get things cheaper.D. It helps people know more about money.19. A. Doing some shopping. B. Doing some reading.C. Opening an account.D. Taking a lesson.20. A. Shop owners prefer cash to credit cards.B. The woman pays part of his bill each month.C. Most people don’t choose to use credit cards.D. The man wasn’t persuaded by the woman at last.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Suspended CoffeeHow about buying a cup of coffee for someone you’ll never meet?The idea, begun in Naples, Italy, and called “Suspended Coffee” — i.e., a customer pays for a coffee and “banks” it for someone (21)_____ (fortunate) —has become an international internet sensation(轰动) with coffee shops in Europe and North America (22)_____ (participate) in the movement. The Facebook page alone has more than 28,000 “likes.”The tradition of “suspended coffee” is a long-standing tradition in Italy (23)_____increased in popularity after the Second World War. Recently the practice was starting to take hold in other European countries (24)_____ (hit) hard economically.Homegrown Hamilton, a coffee chain of Canada, has decided to join the effort. “It’s a fantastic initiative (25)_____ we decided to help out. We had been doing it pretty much anyway, just not under a banner. During the winter, we were giving away coffee or soup to the homeless,” said manager Mike Pattison, “Staff members are always close to the coffeehouse’s front door, an d (26)_____ they see someone walking by who looks like they want a coffee but can’t afford it, they approach that person. If the offer (27)_____ (accept), they provide the coffee.”However, not everyone supports the idea.In a posting on the website, Consumerist, columnist Laura Northrup raises (28)_____ number of objections, including that coffee isn’t nutritious food for peop le who are hungry and (29)_____ the action could result in “greedy people” taking advantage of others’ kindness. He says people (30)_____ consider other ways to help.高三英语共14页第2页Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Directions MatterJet lag (时差感) may be the worst part of travelling, and it hits many people harder travelling east than west. Why they feel this way is 41 , but scientists recently developed a new model that provides an explanation for the mystery and insights on recovering from jet lag.The model imitates the way neuronal oscillator cells (神经振子细胞) 42 crossing time zones. These cells in our brains 43 our biological clocks. However, the cells don’t quite operate on a perfect 24-hour schedule. Instead, their activity follows a 44 that lasts slightly longer than that, about 24.5 hours. According to Michelle Girvan, an associate professor of physics at the University of Maryland and a co-author of the study, that means it’s 45 for us to extend the length of a day—for example, by flying west across time zones—than to shorten the day, by flying east.The scientists found that for 46 travel, a person who crossed three time zones would fully高三英语共14页第3页47 in a little less than four days. For six time zones, recovery would take about six days. For nine time zones, the recovery would take just less than eight days.However, when a person travel s eastward, the recovery time doesn’t match up as 48 . When a person crosses three time zones going east, it takes a little more than four days to recover. For six time zones, the recovery time 49 to more than eight days. And for nine time zones, the recovery period is more than 12 days.Girvan noted that not everyone has a biological clock of exactly 24.5 hours. 50 , it varies from person to person. The other factor to consider is 51 cues such as sunlight, Girvan added. How a person reacts to these cues can also 52 how quickly he or she will adjust to a new time zone.The scientists hope that their new model can be used in the future to figure out the best ways to 53 jet lag. For example, if you will be traveling six time zones eastward, start by setting your clock ahead an hour or two several days before you leave. And when you arrive in a new time zone, make sure that the outside cues you are exposed to 54 the new time zone. That means that if it’s daytime in the new time zone, expose yourself to sunlight. And if it’s nighttime, avoid artificial 55 , including those from smartphones and computers, to help your biological clock adjust.41. A. incredible B. apparent C. surprising D. unclear42. A. cope with B. account for C. respond to D. result in43. A. kick B. watch C. stop D. regulate44. A. cycle B. routine C. process D. pattern45. A. safer B. easier C. more dangerous D. more difficult46. A. eastward B. southward C. westward D. northward47. A. adjust B. understand C. prepare D. change48. A. relatively B. nicely C. classically D. awkwardly49. A. reduces B. jumps C. contributes D. leads50. A. Moreover B. Otherwise C. However D. Rather51. A. external B. verbal C. social D. chemical52. A. promote B. emphasize C. impact D. orient53. A. form B. endure C. shelter D. beat54. A. specify B. match C. shift D. destroy55. A. lights B. barriers C. flavours D. soundsSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）A woman standing over six feet tall and weighing about 200 pounds is bound to makean impression. But in Mary Fields’ case, these features were outmatched by a heart of goldthat made her legendary (传奇的).Born into slavery in Tennessee in 1832 or 1833, Mary had nothing, not even a date ofbirth. However, in her early years, she found something of truly lasting value—a friendnamed Dolly. In addition to friendship, Dolly also may have taught Mary to read and write,an invaluable advantage for slaves. At the end of America’s Civil War, Mary finally received her freedom and made her own way out into the world.高三英语共14页第4页Mary was employed on a steamboat as a maid when she received word from Dolly, now a nun (修女) in Ohio called Mother Amadeus. Mary a rrived in Ohio in 1878 and worked at Amadeus’ girls’ school, managing the kitchen and garden. She became known as a gun-carrying, cigar-smoking woman, but also as an example of kindness and reliability. After a few years, though, Amadeus was sent to another school out West in Montana, becoming the first black woman to settle in central Montana.When Mary was in her 50s, a sick Mother Amadeus called her West. So Mary made her way to the small town of Cascade, Montana, to nurse Amadeus to health. She did this and more, running supplies and visitors to St. Peter’s Mission where Amadeus lived. Once w hen her wagon (四轮马车) overturned, she guarded the delivery from wolves through the night.But Mary’s rough edges caused the local bishop (主教) to prohibit her from working at the mission. Mother Amadeus then set her up as the first African-American female employee of the U.S. Postal Service. Though in her 60s, Mary was such a dependable mail carrier that she earned the name “Stagecoach” Mary. She became a beloved figure in Cascade. She was the only woman allowed in the saloon (酒馆), was the baseball team’s big gest fan and was given free meals in the town hotel.Nearly 70, Mary quit delivering the mail but remained in Cascade. The town’s school closed to celebrate her unknown birthday twice a year. When she passed away in 1914, a simple cross was placed to mark her grave and her legend in the Wild West.56. What about Mary Fields impressed people most?A. Her tall and fat figure.B. Her reputation as an educated slave.C. Her friendliness and responsibility.D. Her habit of carrying a gun and smoking.57. Which of the following shows Mary’s life experience in the order of time?①Mary began to deliver mail in Cascade.②Mary worked in a school in Montana.③Mary was taught to read and write.④Mary took care of sick Amadeus.⑤Mary worked on a steamed boat.A. ⑤①③②④B. ⑤④②①③C. ②④⑤③①D. ③⑤②④①58. Mary became a mail carrier because _____.A. people in Cascade loved herB. she once worked at St. Peter’s MissionC. Mother Amadeus recommended herD. the US Postal Service needed a female employee59. In the last paragraph, “her legend” most probably refers to _____.A. her high social statusB. her unusual life as a pioneerC. her friendship with Amadeus.D. her role in the liberation of slaves（B）JENISON PUBLIC SCHOOLS高三英语共14页第5页Jenison International Academy is excited to offer online, nonessential courses to international students. Kindly view the online elective options, as well as the enrollment process, below. The application window for part time enrollments will close on Friday, December 30, 2016.Online Courses Offered Grades 1-12Elective OpportunitiesPlease click to view our Elective Course Offerings.Part Time Enrollment at JIAStudents participating in the program are allowed to enroll in up to 4 elective courses each semester, and have the option to take 100% of their courses online or create a schedule combination of online and on-campus courses at Jenison Public Schools, which may also include Tech Center, Co-op, and other qualified programs.Student Application ProcessSTEP 1: Online PreparationPlease review the following Interactive Online Readiness Criteria. Please keep this form for your own records.Online Readiness CriteriaSTEP 2: Submit Forms & DocumentationBy completing the Part Time Enrollment Application, applicants are fulfilling the Virtual Learning and District-Required Documentation.Printed ApplicationParents or guardians can download, print, and complete the JIA Enrollment paperwork & JPS District Application. Mail, scan or fax all completed paperwork using the contact information provided on the first page.Printed ApplicationAdditional Required Documentation can be found within the enrollment packet.An email will be sent to the parent or guardian email account when a completed application has been received. Upon review and approval, a welcome message and course selection email will be issued to the same address.60. The courses are designed for _____.A. high-level students who are studying in Jenison Public SchoolsB. international students whose parents work in Jenison Public SchoolsC. foreign students who can’t study full time in Jenison International AcademyD. graduate students who want a part-time job in Jenison International Academy61. To get enrolled, one should _____.A. prepare both online and offlineB. print the Online Readiness CriteriaC. contact JIA in person beforehandD. email the JIA Enrollment paperwork62. What can be learned from the webpage?A. The enrollment should be applied on December 30, 2016.B. The parent or guardian needs to have an email account.C. The students need to study at least 8 courses each year.D. The courses can only be learned online.（C）高三英语共14页第6页Two heads are better than one, according to the old saying. So why are groups with lots of “heads” known for making bad decisions? Why does “groupthink” immediately mean ineffectiveness and mistakes?These questions are answered in a fascinating new book called Wiser: Getting Beyond Groupthink to Make Groups Smarter, written by Cass R. Sunstein, a former White House official, and Reid Hastie, an academic specialized in the psychology of decision making. Building on their combined experiences and research, Sunstein and Hastie analyze what goes wrong in group decision-making, and then offer clear-out solutions to overcome these problems.Group decision-making involves discussions among members of a group, each with their own skills, experience, ideas and information. Unfortunately, as the authors explain, there are two types of influence on group members—informational signals and social pressures—which skew (扭曲) the discussions. Informational signals cause people to keep information to themselves when it disagrees with information from others, especially leaders. Social pressures cause people to keep information to themselves to avoid punishment from leaders who are denied.These influences lead to four problems, the authors write: Instead of correcting the errors of their members, groups actually expand those errors; cascade effects(联级效应) take over when the group follows whomever spoke first or loudest; groups become more extreme in their ideas, as the internal discussions strengthen their predisposed (预先有倾向的) thoughts; and groups focus on shared information instead of unshared information.Having laid out the core problems, the authors offer solutions. They begin with a list of methods aimed at handling the four core problems, such as:Leaders have to keep quiet and convince group members that they sincerely want to hear all ideas.Group success should be rewarded. Group members must understand that if the group is right, everyone benefits; this will encourage them to ensure that they find the right answer instead of pushing their own ideas.Group members should be assigned specific roles, thus ensuring that everyone contributes.Either individuals or assigned teams should be tasked with acting as devil’s advocates (唱反调的人).Groups also fail, the author writes, because they don’t distinguish between the early rounds of discussions, in which all ideas must be allowed on the table, and the final rounds of discussions, in which groups must be tight and analytical as they seek the accurate solution. Successful groups will deliberately separate the two processes.In another approach, the authors demonstrate that the wisdom of crowds will often lead to the right answer if a majority of crowd members know their material. Decision-makers often prefer to rely on one single expert, but “chasing the expert” significantly reduces the probability of getting the decision right.Wiser is a quick, engaging and thoughtful read that convincingly argues that, with a few simple steps and open-minded leadership, group discussions can, indeed, lead to wiser decisions.63. The passage is mainly written to _____.A. make an advertisement for a new bookB. introduce the main points of a new bookC. prove that two heads are better than oneD. show how to make groupthink more effective64. According to the passage, groups sometimes make bad decisions because some members _____.A. are critical of othersB. are punished by the leaderC. disagree with the leaderD. do not share different ideas65. Which of the following can help improve the effectiveness of groupthink?A. An expert helps to make the final decision.B. Team success is advocated with positive measures.C. No one is allowed to put forward their disagreement.D. Leaders don’t express their own opinions in the process.高三英语共14页第7页66. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Wiser may be welcomed by decision-makers.B. Wiser can change decision-makers’ attitude towards work.C. The more people in the group, the better decision will be made.D. The final rounds of discussions are the most important in decision-making.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentenceIt’s not piano lessons or dance lessons. Nowadays, the biggest extra-curricular activity in the West is going to a tutor. “I spend about 800 Canadian dollars a month on tutors. It’s costly,” says Pet, a mother in Canada. However, she adds, “after finding out half my daughter’s class had tutors, I felt like my child was going to fall behind because everyone else seemed to be ahead.”Shelley, a mother of three, also has tutors constantly coming in and out of her home. “When I used to sit down with my children, it was hard to get them focused. I was always shouting. When I got a tutor once a week, they became focused for one entire hour and could get most of their homework done.”Tutoring isn’t simply a private school phenomenon. 67 In Canada alone, seven percent of high school students reported using a tutor in 2010. That increased to 15 percent last year.Overall, parents hire tutors because they are worried schools are not meeting their expectations, but there is also a cultural shift. 68 As a large number of Asians emigrated to the West over the recent years, their attitudes towards education have had an impact.69 “A lot of parents just don’t have time to help their children with homework,” says Julie Diamond, president of an American tutoring company. “Others couldn't help their children after Grade 3.”There has been a shift in the attitudes, too. “Children used to get bullied (欺侮) for having a tutor,” Diamond says. “Now it’s becoming the norm to have one.”70 One parent feels surprised that so many of her child’s classmates have tutors. “For the amount we pay in tuition, they should have as much extra help as they need,” she says. Still, she’s now thinking of getting a tutor. Why? Her daughter has actually asked for one.IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Gene Therapy高三英语共14页第8页“We used to think that our fate was in our stars, but now we know that, in large measure, our fate is in our genes,” said James Watson. Watson is a molecular (分子的) biologist and co-discoverer of DNA structure. Why? Scientists are seeing that gene therapy is revolutionizing the treatment of disease.In gene therapy, healthy genes are introduced into defective (有缺陷的) cells to prevent or cure disease. While much of the research is in the beginning stages, some successes point to the real benefit of the therapy. In Italy, doctors have recently treated one genetic disease with gene therapy. This disease most often begins to destroy the brain when children are between 1 and 2, stopping them from walking and talking. By inserting normal, healthy genetic material into a virus and then infecting the patients, scientists seem to be able to cure the disease. Although the children given the therapy still need follow-up treatments, they now lead a relatively normal life.Gene therapy has also been used to help older patients. These people suffer from a disease that causes slow movement and uncontrollable shaking because part of the brain dies. Those treated with gene therapy showed a 23.1 percent improvement when tested six months later.Gene therapy appears to be a more positive alternative to surgery or medicine and is an exciting new approach that is just making the news. Researchers hope that in the coming years, every genetic disease will have gene therapy as its treatment. But more research is needed to assure its safety.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 你是否赞成为贫困学生设立一项基金？(approve)73. 不可否认的是上海迪斯尼乐园每天人满为患。
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2017年上海市崇明县高考历史一模试卷一、选择题（共40分）在中国古代“家国一体”的社会中，忠孝观念源远流长。
其源头是（）A．宗法制B．君主制C．分封制D．郡县制2．（2分）中国古代儒家思想经过不断改造创新，成为封建社会的主流思想，这主要由于（）A．儒学反映了广大民众的利益和要求B．儒家思想是古代最进步的思想主张C．佛、道与儒学较量后退出舆论阵地D．儒家吸取各派学说以适应统治需要3．（2分）探究因果关系是历史学习的重要技能。
根据所示，左表中应填入（）A．①②B．②③C．③④D．①④4．（2分）秦汉以来，形成了以中国文化为轴心的东亚（儒家）文化圈，其中儒家文化最先传入的国家是（）A．朝鲜B．印度C．越南D．日本5．（2分）下列哪一制度的运作是宰相无法专权，皇帝也不能完全独裁？（）A．三公九卿制B．三省六部制C．行省制D．内阁制6．（2分）如图所示四幅疆域图按时间先后顺序排列正确的是（）A．①②③④B．②①③④C．③①②④D．④①②③7．（2分）中国文化不仅惠及近邻，而且泽被远西。
如图关于“中国古代文化外传”的时间轴，“？”处应填入（）A．火器随蒙古西征传入欧洲B．中国丝绸收到古罗马上层人士喜爱C．唐三彩随遣唐使流入日本D．瓷杯瓷盘随海禁的开放传到菲律宾8．（2分）下列关于清朝设置的军机处的特点，表述错误的是（）A．简：机构精简B．速：办事效率高C．开：决策开放性强D．专：皇帝乾纲独断9．（2分）18世纪法国启蒙思想家的共同观点是（）A．都反对封建专制制度B．都主张暴力革命C．都主张取消君主统治D．都主张三权分立10．（2分）“禁烟运动给了我们一个战争的机会……可以使我们终于乘战胜之余威，提出我们自己的条件，强迫中国接受。
”﹣﹣《安得鲁•韩德森致拉本特函》。
中国被迫接受他们的“条件”后发生的变化有（）①中国开始丧失内河航运权②列强获得在通商口岸设厂权利③中国开始丧失关税自主权④中国的社会性质开始发生变化。
A．①②B．①③C．②④D．③④11．（2分）“发昌机器厂位于虹口，最初只有一座打铁炉，四五个工人”若要补充文中“发昌机器厂”的介绍，正确的是（）A．该企业具有近代性质B．产品主要供应军队建设C．采用官督商办的形式D．后来发展成重工业企业12．（2分）有不少学者认为洋务运动、戊戌变法、清末“新政”和预备立宪均为清政府的自救运动。
上述历史事件的共同点是（）A．均主张“中体西用”B．自救未成却促进社会进步C．未能触及政治制度D．以政治制度的改革为核心13．（2分）19世纪末为维新运动提供重要思想武器的西方社会学说是（）A．三权分立学说B．人民主权学说C．进化论学说D．阶级斗争论14．（2分）“西学东渐”激发了中国知识分子学习西学的兴趣，也造就了中国近代第一批数理专家，他们是（）①李善兰②詹天佑③徐寿④傅兰雅。
A．①②B．①③C．①④D．③④15．（2分）清代史学家章学诚在刘知己“三长”说的基础上提出“史德”，其标准是（）A．史学家应该要有叙述史事的能力B．史学家要对统治者负责C．史学家应具备职业道德心术端正D．史学家应该对时代负责16．（2分）法国历史学家雅克•勒高夫认为：“历史不仅是君主和大人物的历史，而且还是所有人的历史。
”与其持相近观点的史学著作是（）A．《史通》B．《资治通鉴》C．《文史通义》D．《中国史叙论》17．（2分）如图是中国近代哪一场战争的形势图？（）A．1840年鸦片战争B．1856年第二次鸦片战争C．1894年甲午战争D．1900年八国联军战争18．（2分）三民主义是资产阶级进行民主革命的政治纲领，其核心内容是（）A．驱逐鞑虏B．恢复中华C．建立民国D．平均地权19．（2分）一位学者对发生于近代重大的某一重大历史事件的评价是：“爱国”却“不爱”中国旧文化，“反帝”却崇拜帝国主义“文化”。
这一事件是（）A．洋务运动B．戊戌变法C．辛亥革命D．新文化运动20．（2分）毛泽东强调“使马克思主义在中国具体化，使之在每一表现中带着必须有的中国的特性。
”对这句话的理解正确的是（）A．把马克思主义与儒家文化相结合B．把马克思主义与中国革命的实践结合C．把马克思主义与三民主义相结合D．把马克思主义理论与农民起义相结合二、综合分析题（60分）21．（14分）千年儒学材料1：……没有周公，就没有儒家的历史渊源。
……孔子要梦见周公，更称赞说：“郁郁乎文哉，吾从周。
”﹣﹣杨向奎《周宗社会与礼乐文明》材料2：任何一种学说的历史，都是承袭与演变的统一。
……儒学在历史的长河中接受着检验，充实着和改变着自己的内容和形态。
﹣﹣丁伟志《儒学的变迁》问题：（1）材料1的作者为什么认为“没有周公，就没有儒家的历史渊源”？（2）运用所学知识，从“承袭与演变”的角度叙述儒学在古代中国如何“充实着和改变着自己的内容和形态”。
22．（12分）上海历史的变迁材料1：图片中的上海历史材料2：传教士笔下的上海租界1877年，美国人狄考文在租界的格致书院讲解、演示电的原理，用电引燃爆竹，慕名前往听讲的有五十多人，“观者无不赞美，无不欣悦”。
﹣﹣熊月之《格致书院与西方传播》1882年，康有为乡试归途经上海，见“上海之繁盛，益知西人治术之有本”，于是大购西书而归，从此大讲西学。
这一次上海之行，成了他学术、思想的一大转折点。
﹣﹣熊月之《近代上海形象的历史变迁》问题：（1）请你在材料1中选取符合“上海：城市建设的变迁”这一主题的史料（填写字母）并简要分析上述字母代表的不同时期上海城市建设变迁的原因。
（2）结合材料及已有知识，谈谈你对康有为“上海之繁盛，益知西人治术之有本”的看法。
23．（16分）民国初年学生崇拜的对象材料1：1913年江苏第一师范学校招考生徒，在300多名应试者中，崇拜孔孟者有218人，占三分之二强，颜渊、王阳明、朱熹、程颐等人物也都有人崇拜。
材料2：1924年，北京大学校庆25周年纪念的一份民意测验中，题为“你崇拜的对象是哪位？”结果如表：问题：（1）从材料1看，学生崇拜的对象主要是学派的代表人物。
（2）将下列人物与其相关的事件连线（在字母后面写序号）A B C D E F（3）谈谈你对这两则材料显示的民国最初十余年间学生崇拜对象变化的认识。
24．（18分）跨越时空的启蒙思想社会契约理论，是西方政治思想史中用契约关系解释社会和国家起源的政治哲学理论。
问题：（1）17﹣18世纪启蒙思想家宣扬社会契约论的目的是什么？简述霍布斯、洛克、卢梭社会契约理论的主要观点。
（2）以下是历史老师为同学们提供的关于“法国启蒙运动”主题研究的部分参考资料。
可以作为本主题研究的原始史料是（填写编号），选取下列参考资料的原因分别是什么？2017年上海市崇明县高考历史一模试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题（共40分）（2017•崇明县一模）在中国古代“家国一体”的社会中，忠孝观念源远流长。
其源头是（）A．宗法制B．君主制C．分封制D．郡县制【考点】西周的宗法制．【分析】本题解答的关键是从“家国一体”“忠孝观念”切入，结合中国早期的政治制度进行思考．【解答】根据所学可知，宗法制度是由氏族社会父系家长制演变而来的，是王族贵族按血缘关系分配国家权力，以便建立世袭统治的一种制度．其特点是宗族组织和国家组织合二为一，宗法等级和政治等级完全一致．而材料中说“家国一体”“忠孝观念”．所以A符合题意．故选A．【点评】本题考查了宗法制，考查学生准确解读材料信息并调动，运用知识解决问题的能力．2．中国古代儒家思想经过不断改造创新，成为封建社会的主流思想，这主要由于（）A．儒学反映了广大民众的利益和要求B．儒家思想是古代最进步的思想主张C．佛、道与儒学较量后退出舆论阵地D．儒家吸取各派学说以适应统治需要【考点】儒家思想的发展演变．【分析】本题解答的关键是从“儒家思想成为封建社会的主流思想”切入，结合儒家思想的发展演变进行思考．【解答】根据所学可知，宋代理学是封建社会的伦理道德，束缚人民的思想．因此A说法错误；B说法太绝对，应排除；宋代理学是融合佛、儒、道三教三位一体的思想，所以C说法错误．故选D．【点评】本题考查了儒家思想的发展演变，考查学生调动，运用知识解决问题的能力．3．探究因果关系是历史学习的重要技能。
根据所示，左表中应填入（）A．①②B．②③C．③④D．①④【考点】春秋战国时期各国的改革．【分析】本题主要考查春秋战国时期的社会转型，解答此题关键在于掌握春秋战国时期的时代特征．【解答】对于历史事件的原因往往都是由政治、经济、社会和思想文化这几个方面来分析概括．材料中已经给出政治和思想上的原因，所以选择经济的原因和社会方面的原因．①是经济原因；④是社会政治方面的原因．故选D．【点评】本题旨在考查学生对春秋战国时期社会大变革的原因的认识，主要考查学生对教材基础知识的掌握，基础题，难度不大．4．秦汉以来，形成了以中国文化为轴心的东亚（儒家）文化圈，其中儒家文化最先传入的国家是（）A．朝鲜B．印度C．越南D．日本【考点】儒家思想的发展演变．【分析】本题解答的关键是从“儒家文化最先传入的国家”切入，结合儒家思想的发展进行思考．【解答】根据所学可知，公元前3世纪，中国秦朝征服越南北部地区．在前1世纪至10世纪的大部份时间中，越南是在中国古代各政权的统治之下．所以儒家文化最先传入的国家应该是越南．故选C．【点评】本题考查了儒家思想的发展，考查学生准确解读材料获取信息的能力以及知识的再认再现能力．5．下列哪一制度的运作是宰相无法专权，皇帝也不能完全独裁？（）A．三公九卿制B．三省六部制C．行省制D．内阁制【考点】隋唐三省六部制．【分析】本题解答的关键是从“宰相无法专权，皇帝也不能完全独裁”切入，结合中国古代的政治制度进行思考．【解答】根据所学可知，三省六部制中的三省是中书省，尚书省，门下省．三省长官都是宰相，将相权一分为三．所以宰相无法专权；根据三省六部制的运作机制：凡是皇帝的命令（实际上也就是最高决策），在中书省起草成文后，颁布下发之前，要经过门下省官员的审查签署．所以也制约了皇权，使皇帝不能完全独裁．所以B符合题意．故选B．【点评】本题考查了三省六部制，考查学生准确解读材料获取有效信息的能力并调动运用知识解决问题的能力．6．如图所示四幅疆域图按时间先后顺序排列正确的是（）A．①②③④B．②①③④C．③①②④D．④①②③【考点】中国古代政治制度的演进．【分析】本题解答的关键是从图片切入，结合中国古代政治制度进行思考．【解答】①以咸阳为都城，是秦朝；②中有多处郡名，应为秦汉时期；③中的榷场指的是辽、宋、西夏、金政权各在接界地点设置的互市市场；④中的乌里雅苏台在1731年设立．故本题的正确顺序应该是①②③④．故选A．【点评】本题考查了中国古代的政治制度，是一道地图是材料型选择题，考查学生读图识图的能力．7．中国文化不仅惠及近邻，而且泽被远西。