2019年高考精彩试题-英语(上海卷)解析汇报版

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2019年高考试题-英语(上海卷)解析版

2019 年高考试题 - 英语（上海卷）解析版注意事项：认真阅读理解，结合历年的真题，总结经验，查找不足！重在审题，多思考，多理解！无论是单选、多选还是论述题，最重要的就是看清题意。

在论述题中，问题大多具有委婉性，尤其是历年真题部分，在给考生较大发挥空间的同时也大大增加了考试难度。

考生要认真阅读题目中提供的有限材料，明确考察要点，最大限度的挖掘材料中的有效信息，建议考生答题时用笔将重点勾画出来，方便反复细读。

只有经过仔细推敲，揣摩命题老师的意图，积极联想知识点，分析答题角度，才能够将考点锁定，明确题意。

I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections: InsectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Atthee ndofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationandthe questionwillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,rea dthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestio nyouhaveheard.1.W:Canyoudescribewhatyoudo?M:Iwashofficebuildingwindows.Igohighupinthebaskettoreachthewindows.Q:Whatistheman'sjob?A.Abasketballplayer.B.Alaundryworker.C.Awindowwasher.D.Arockclimber【答案】 C.Awindowwasher.【解析】这是一道事实细节题。

2019全国高考(上海卷)英语部分真题及材料(word 精校版).

全国高考（上海卷）英语部分真题及材料（Word精校版）听力Section A:1. M: Good morning. can I help you?W; Yes, this dress's too long, would you please shorten it for me?!Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?2. W: Jack, you look tired!M:Yes,I've got a pile of work to do, but it gives me a great sense of achievementQ: What can we learn about the man?3. W: John, what's up? Why are you standing on the desk?M: The light suddenly went off! The bulb must have hurnt out!Q: What is the man most probably doing?4. W: I'll lake this room. How much is the rent?M: Well, ＄200 each month. You need to pay 3-month rent in advance, plus a deposit of ＄100.Q: According to the man, how much should the woman pay in total?5. W; I'll take an interview for a part-time librarian tomorrow.M: Don't worry. Others will stand no chance if you take the interview.Q: How does the man feel about the woman's chance of getting the job?6. M: I couldn't sleep at all last night. The bed is not comfortable.W: Don't blame the bed. You should stop drinking wine.Q: What docs the woman imply?7. W: Andy, 1 bought a shirt for you.M: Thank you. I hope you kept the receipt, I've put on some weight.Q: What does the man imply?8. W: I'm terribly sorry. But your flight has been canceled.M: What? In that case, I hope you will put me out somewhere tonightO: what does the man expect the woman to do for him?9.W: A new hotel is looking for workers. They need 300 new workers, but over 4000 people showed up.M: I saw the news on TV. I still have my job. Thank goodness!Q: What are the speakers talking about?10. W: Professor Smith explained the Physics problem very clearly,M: Did he? Unfortunately, it's still all Greek to meQ: what can we learn from the conversation?Section B:Passage I;With a fascinating past and more than four centuries of history, St Augustine is one of the nation’s oldest cities--- and an American treasure. Located on Florida's Atlantic coast, it is home to many fine examples of European architecture and wild scenic views.In 1513, while looking for the storied Fountain of Youth, explorer Juan Ponce de leon found this land and claimed it for Spain Then, in 1563, a Spanish conqueror established a settlement here and named it St, Augustine. Except for a 20-year period of English rule, Florida remained underSpanish rule until the united States took control in 182 I.In the years after its founding, the city St. Augustine was attacked by the French and English, and by Native Americans, who are said to have shot flaming arrows at the city's defensive building, setting it on fire. More recently, nature has stricken the region with successive hurricanes--- Matthew in 2016 and Irma in 2017. Still, St. Augustine endures. As the region recovers, visitors shouldn't overlook it.St. Augustine has suffered much in its long history. Hopefully, visitors will come and perhaps support the Florida coast's recovery while discovering its centuries of history and miles of coastal beauty .11. Which country first governed Florida in history?12 Which of the following statements is true about St, Augustine?13 What is the passage mainly about?Passage 2:Transport for London has a lost property office which collects the items left behind as people flow through the city's transport system each day. It is the biggest lost property office in Europe, beaten globally only by Tokyo's. Sixty-five staff sort through hundreds of thousands of lost and forgotten items each at the office, which is run by Paul Cowan. According to the latest data, Cowan's team dealt with over three hundred thousand items in the first quarter of the year. As the data reveals, very few are claimed. For example, of the nearly 13, 000 keys handed into lost property last year, just under I, 400 were returned to their owners, says Cowan. Overall, twenty percent of stock is claimed within three month. After that time, stock becomes the property of transport for London, and it's not necessarily the items you'd expect, A wander through the three-basement floor that make up the lost property office gives us an idea of what we value enough to recover and what we're happy to let go. Cowan has discovered something interesting about the complexity of lost shoes. He said, if you have one shoe, you are more likely to go looking for the other. If you lose two shoes. well. it's slightly out of sight. out of mind. He guesses many people regard loss as an opportunity t0 treat themselves to something new.14.What is the passage main about?15. Which of the following is true of the lost item?16. According to Cowan, why don't some people get their lost shoes back?完形填空When 17-year-old Quattro Musser hangs out with friends, they don't drink beer or cruise around in cars with their dates. Rather, they stick to G-rated activities such as rock-climbing or talking about books.They are in good company, according to a new study showing that teenagers are increasingly delaying activities that had long been seen as rites of passage into adulthood. The study, published Tuesday in the journal Child Development, found that the percentage of adolescents in the U,S. who have a driver's license, who have tried alcohol, who date, and who work for pay has plummeted since 1976, with the most precipitous decreases in the past decade.The declines appeared across race. Geographic and socioeconomic lines, and in rural,urban, and suburban areas.To be sure. more than half of teens still engage in these activities, but the majorities have slimmed considerably. Between 1976 and 1979, 86 percent of high school seniors had gone on a date: between 2010 and 2015 only 63 percent had, the study found."People say, 'Oh, it's because teenagers are more responsible, or more lazy, or more boring' but they re missing the larger trend," said Jean Twenge, lead author of the study, which drew on seven large time-lag surveys of Americans. Rather, she said, kids may be less interested in activities such as dating, driving or getting jobs because in today's society they no longer need to.According to an evolutionary psychology theory that a person's "life strategy" slows down or speeds up depending on his or her surroundings exposure to a "harsh and unpredictable" environment leads to faster development, while a more resource-rich and secure environment has the opposite effect, the study said. In the first scenario. "You'd have a lot of kids and be in survival mode. start having kids young, expect your kids will have kids young, and expect that there will be more diseases and fewer resources," said Twenge, a psychology professor at SanDiego State University who is the author of "iGen: Why Today's Super-Connected Kids Are Growing Up Less Rebellious. More Tolerant. Less Happy--and Completely Unprepared for Adulthood."A century ago, when life expectancy was lower and college education less prevalent, "the goal back then was survival, not violin lessons by 5." Twenge said.In that model a teenage boy might be thinking more seriously about marriage. and driving a car and working for pay would be important for "establishing mate value based on procurement of resources," the study said.But America is shifting more toward the slower model, and the change is apparent across-the socioeconomic spectrum, Twenge said. "Even in families whose parents didn't have a college education... families are smaller, and the idea that children need to be carefully nurtured has really sunk in."The postponement of"adult activities" could not be attributed to more homework or extracurricular activities, the study said, noting that teens today spend fewer hours on homework and the same amount of time on extracurricular as they did in the 1990s (with the exception of community service. which has risen slightly). Nor could the use of smart phones and the Internet be entirely the cause, the report said, since the decline began before they were widely available.部分填词: rather/ adulthood/ decreases/ options/ majorities/ missing/ interested in/surrounded/ opposite/ case/ diseases/ seriously/ carefully/ slower/ educated/ postponement/ cause阅读理解AApparently. the idea of money that's not tied to a specific bank -- or a specific country -- is appealing to many. But it's worth remembering that the banking system that we now all live with is just that: A modern invention. Not so long ago, money was almost always created and used locally, and bartering w as common (In fact, it still is common among many online local networks, like the Buy Nothing Project)In the past, money's makeup varied from place to place, depending on what was considered valuable there. So while some of the world's first coins were made from a naturally occurring hybrid of gold and silver called electrum, objects other than coins have served as currency,including beads, ivory. livestock, and cowrie shells. In West Africa. bracelets of bronze or copper were used as cash, especially if the transaction was associated with the slave trade there.Throughout the colonial period, tobacco was used in lieu of coins or paper bills in Virginia, Maryland and North Carolina, even though it was used elsewhere in the colonies and extensively throughout Europe and the U.K.Today, on an island in the Pacific, a specific type of shell still serves as currency - and some people there are even hoarding it, just like Bitcoin moguls, convinced that one day, it will make them wealthy beyond imagination.On Malaita, the most-populated island that's part of the Solomon Islands, shells are accepted at most places in exchange for goods"How much tuna you can get for your shells depends on their color and shape." Mary Bruno,a shop owner from the small town of Auki, on Malaita, told Vice.e "One strip of darker shells might get you about two cans of smaller tuna, but the red ones are worth more. For the red ones,one strip might get enough tuna to feed a big family for a long time."Just like a mint that creates coins, there's only one place on the island where the shells,which are polished and strung together to form 3-foot-long ropes, are made. (You can see how that works in the video above.) The strips of red, white, and black shells all come from LangaLanga Lagoon, where artificial islands were long-ago built by locals to escape from the island-dwelling cannibals. Once marooned out on their islands, locals needed a currency to use among themselves, and so the shell currency was born.Using shells for money was common throughout the Pacific islands as late as the early 1900s, but Malaita is unique in that they are still used today. And just like cryptocurrencies, there are those who think the islanders are smart to invest in this type of money, which is reported to have risen in value over the last three decades. 1t might seem strange to hoard a bunch of processed, strung-together shells, but what is a pile of dollars? Just a specially printed piece of paper and hemp that we' ve assigned value to and probably less durable over time than those shells.BHow do you move a giant Sequoia?Boise, Idaho, recently relocated a century-old, living tree provided by John Muir.Inhabitants of Boise, Idaho, watched with trepidation earlier this year as the city's oldest, tallest resident moved two blocks. The l05-year-old sequoia tree serves as a local landmark, not only for its longevity but also because renowned naturalist and Sienra Club co-founder John Muir provided the original seedling. So, when Saint Luke's Health System found that the 10-story-tallconifer stood in the way of its planned hospital expansion, officials called tree-moving firm Environmental Design.The Texas-based company has developed and patented scooping and lifting technology to move massive trees. Weighing in at more than 800,000 pounds, the Boise sequoia is its largest undertaking yet. “I had lost enough sleep over this," says David Cox, the company's Western region vice president- and that was before the hospital mentioned the tree's distinguished origin.Before the heavy lifting began, the team assessed the root system and dug a five-foot-deep cylinder, measuring 40 feet in diameter, around the trunk to protect all essential roots, After encapsulating the root ball in wire mesh, the movers allowed the tree to acclimate to its new situation for seven months before relocating it. The illustration details what followed.CThe budget line is an elementary concept that most consumers understand intuitively without a need for graphs and equations -- it's the household budget, for example.Taken informally, the budget line describes the boundary of affordability for a given budget and specific goods.One of the interesting ways the study of economics relates to human behavior generally is that a lot of economic theory is the formalization of the kind of simple concept outlined above --a consumer's informal understanding of the amount she has to spend and what that amount will buy.In the process of formalization, the concept can be expressed as a mathematical equation that can be applied generally.To understand this, think of a graph where the vertical lines quantify how many movie tickets you can buy and where the horizontal lines do the same for crime novels. You like going to the movies and reading crime novels and you have $150 to spend. In the example below, assume that each movie costs $ 10 and each crime novel costs $15. The more formal economics term for these two items is budget set.If movies cost $10 each, then the maximum number of movies you can see with the money available is 15. To note this you make a dot at the number 15 (for total movie tickets) at the extreme left-hand side of the chart. This same dot appears at the extreme left above "O" on the horizontal axis because you have no money left for books -- the number of books available in this example is 0.You can also graph the other extreme -- all crime novels and no movies. Since crime novels in the example cost $15 and you have $150 available, if you spend all the available money crime novels, you can buy 10. So you put a dot on the horizontal axis at the number 10.You'll place the dot at the bottom of the vertical axis because in this instance you have $0available for movie tickets.If you now draw a line from the highest, leftmost dot to the lowest, rightmost dot you'll have created a budget line. Any combination of movies and crime novels that falls below the budget line is affordable. Any combination above it is not.六选四文章网址；/Magazine_articles%3A_More_valuable_than_you_may_think.html 翻译部分：1. 他们中的哪一个可能做过排球教练?参考译文：Who may have been a volleyball coach among them?2.我看到他换上徒步鞋，走向了草坪。

2019上海高考压轴卷英语附答案解析

绝密★启封前2019上海高考压轴卷英语考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟, 试卷满分150分。

2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第I卷（第1－12页）和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

答题前,务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反而清楚地填写姓名。

第I卷(共103分)Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1．A．He knows who is knocking. B．He is eager to know who it is.C．He doesn’t want to open the door. D．He is ready to open the door.2．A．By plane. B．By bus. C．By taxi. D．By train.3．A．$100. B．$200. C．$300. D．$400.4．30．A．She went to cinema. B．She went to an exhibition.C．She stayed at home. D．She stayed with her classmates.5．A．In a doctor’s office. B．In a professor’s office.C．In an operating room. D．In an emergency ward.6．A．The man paid the tuition for learning physics. B．The man got a lot of money for his hard work.C．His hard work was not rewarding at all. D．His work before the test led to a good result.7．A．A furnished house. B．A recent book. C．A further study. D．A new record.34．A．They will go swimming. B．They will climb mountains.C．They will buy some clothes. D．They will forecast the weather conditions.8．A．He has another lecture to attend.B．He has no interest in the lecture.C．He’s attended the same lecture given by Professor Wilson before.D．He might miss the lecture, if the woman didn’t remind hi m.9．A．She fully agrees with the man. B．They are uncertain about the weather.C．She disagrees with the man. D．She thought the man was always late.10.A. She fully agrees with the man.B. They are uncertain about the weather.C. She disagrees with the man.D. She thought the man was always late.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear one longer conversation and two short passages, and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation and the passages. The conversation and the passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following dialogue.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11．A．People are encouraged to be a craftsman.B．Learning woodworking is not as hard as you think.C．Learning woodworking will help you know more people.D．Taking a class in woodworking will be very helpful.12．A．Because I am a talent in this art and want to share it with others.B．Because I am interested in it and want to show it to others.C．Because I wonder how to pick materials and how to do it well.D．Because it’s a good way to know more people interested in it.13．A．You can expect to do woodworking perfectly the very first time.B．Doing woodworking means being alone for long.C．You can also learn from other people interested in woodworking.D．Taking a class in woodworking costs a lot of money.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14．A．To analyze causes and effects of using a credit card.B．To encourage people to borrow money from banks.C．To let people know the responsibility in using a credit card.D．To present the effect of computers in popularizing the use of credit cards. 15．A．The development of computers.B．People’s greediness for more money.C．People’s needs for less paper money.D．People’s learning to be more responsible.16．A．To learn to be responsible by using credit cards.B．To stop using credit cards and borrow money from friends or relatives. C．To pay money back as fast as possible after using credit cards.D．To stop borrowing money and use your own funds for shopping. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following passage.17．A．A newspaper. B．An advertisement company.C．A cleanup company. D．A market.18．A．She wants to spare more room for something new.B．She wants to turn their old stuff into cash at a low cost.C．She knows that the sales consultant before the man does.D．She just wants to clean up their house.19．A．Rudy is likely to buy their stuff.B．Rudy will come and take their stuff away.C．Rudy plays guitar as well as the man.D．Rudy will help them with the ad and the sale.20．A．His old guitar.B．Their appliances, jewelry, furniture and exercise equipment.C．The spring cleanup sale.D．The low cost of ad and friendly service.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form. of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A painter hangs his or her finished pictures on a wall, and everyone can see it. A composer writes a work, but no one can hear it 21．it is performed. Professional singers and players have great responsibilities, for the composer is absolutely dependent on them. A student of music needs as long and as tough a training to become a performer as a medical student needs22．（become）a doctor. Most training is concerned23．technique, for musicians have to be as muscularly skillful as an athlete or a ballet dancer. Singers practice breathing every day, as their vocal chords（声带）would be inadequate without24．（control）muscular support. String players practice moving the fingers of the left hand up and down, while drawing the bow back and forth with the right arm,25．are two entirely different movements.Singers and instruments have to be able to get every note perfectly in tune. Pianists 26．（spare）this particular anxiety, for the notes are already there, and it is the piano tuner’s responsibility to tune the instrument for27．. But they have their own difficulties; the hammers that hit the string must be dealt with carefully not to sound like drum or bass, and each tone, even if played very fast, has to sound clear.The problem28．（face）student conductors is that they have to learn to know every note of the music and29．it should sound, and they need to aim at controlling these sound with enthusiastic but selfless authority.Technique is of no use unless it is combined with musical knowledge and understanding. Great artists are those who are so thoroughly at home in the language of music30．they can enjoy performing works written in any century.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A．perspectives B．explore C．qualities D．powerfully E.appreciateF. purposeG. constructiveH.conceptsI.demonstratedJ.motivatedK. recommendationDear Admissions Committee,I had the pleasure of teaching Sara in her 11th grade honors English class at Mark Twain High School. From the first day of class, Sara impressed me with her ability to clearly explain difficult 31．and texts, her sensitivity to the slight differences within literature, and her passion for reading, writing, and creative expression— both in and out of the classroom. Sara is a talented literary critic and poet, and she has my highest 32．as a student and writer.Sara is talented at considering the elegances within literature and the 33．behind authors' works. She produced an extraordinary year-long thesis paper on creative identity development, in which she compared works from three different time periods and synthesized cultural and historical 34．to inform her analysis. When called upon to give her thesis defense in front of her peers, Sara spoke clearly and35．about her conclusions and responded to questions in a thoughtful way. Outside of the classroom, Sara is devoted to her literary pursuits, especially to poetry. She publishes her poetry in our school's literary magazine, as well as in online magazines. She is an insightful, sensitive, and deeply self-aware individual driven to 36．art, writing, and a deeper understanding of the human condition.Throughout the year Sara was an active participant in our discussions, and she always supported her peers. Her caring nature and personality allow her to work well with others in a team setting, as she always respects others' opinions even when they differ from her own. When we held a class debate about gun laws, Sara chose to speak for the side opposite her own views. She explained her choice as37．by a desire to put herself in other people's shoes, view the issues from a new perspective, and gain a clearer sense of the issue from all angles. Throughout the year, Sara 38．this openness to the opinions, feelings, and perspectives of others, along with sharp powers of observation, all 39．that make her outstanding as a student of literature and burgeoning writer.I am certain that Sara is going to continue to do great and creative things in her future. I highly recommend her for admission to your undergraduate program. She is talented, caring, dedicated, and focused in her pursuits. Sara consistently seeks out 40．feedback so she can improve her writing skills, which is a rare and impressive quality in a high school student. Sara is truly a stand-out individual who will impress everyone she meets. Please feel free to contact me if you have any questions at callmeclemens@.Sincerely,Ms. ScribeEnglish TeacherMark Twain High SchoolIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Research has shown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussion of the cultural or political problems of the day, not heated debates about films we've just watched or books we've just finished reading, but plain and simple 41 .Language is our greatest treasure as a species, and what do we 42 do with it? We gossip. About others' behaviour and private lives, such as who's doing what with whom, who's in and who's out——and why; how to deal with difficult 43 situations involving children, lovers, and colleagues.So why are we keen on gossiping? Are we just natural 44 , of both time and words? Or do we talk a lot about nothing in particular simply to avoid facing up to the really important issues of life? It's not the case according to Professor Robin Dunbar. In fact, in his latest book, Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language, the psychologistsays gossip is one of these really 45 issues.Dunbar 46 the traditional view that language was developed by the men at the early stage of social development in order to organize their manly hunting activities more effectively, or even to promote the exchange of poetic stories about their origins and the supernatural. Instead he suggests that language evolved among women. We don't spend two-thirds of our time gossiping just because we can talk, argues Dunbar —47 , he goes on to say, language evolved specifically to allow us to gossip.Dunbar arrived at his cheery theory by studying the 48 of the higher primates like monkeys. By means of grooming——cleaning the fur by brushing it, monkeys form groups with other individuals on whom they can rely for support in the event of some kind of conflict within the group or 49 from outside it.As we human beings evolve from a particular branch of the primate family, Dunbar 50 that at one time in our history we did much the same. Grouping together made sense because the bigger the group, the greater the 51 it provided; on the other hand, the bigger the group, the greater the stresses of living close to others. Grooming helped to 52 the pressure and calm everybody down.But as the groups got bigger and bigger, the amount of time spent in grooming activities also had to be 53to maintain its effectiveness. Clearly, a more 54 kind of grooming was needed, and thus language evolved as a kind of vocal grooming which allowed humans to develop relationship with ever-larger groups by exchanging information over a wider network of individuals than would be possible by one-to-one 55 contact. 41．A．claim B．description C．gossip D．language42．A．occasionally B．habitually C．independently D．originally43．A．social B．political C．historical D．cultural44．A．admirers B．masters C．users D．wasters45．A．vital B．sensitive C．ideal D．difficult46．A．confirms B．rejects C．outlines D．broadens47．A．for instance B．in addition C．on the contrary D．as a result48．A．motivation B．appearance C．emotion D．behavior49．A．attack B．contact C．inspection D．assistance50．A．recalls B．denies C．concludes D．confesses51．A．prospect B．responsibility C．leadership D．protection52．A．measure B．show C．maintain D．ease53．A．saved B．extended C．consumed D．gained54．A．common B．efficient C．scientific D．thoughtful55．A．indirect B．daily C．physical D．secretSection BDirection：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished sattments. For each of them there are four choices markedA, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In a career that lasted more than half a century, Tom Wolfe wrote fiction and nonfiction best-sellers including The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test and The Bonfire of the Vanities. Along the way, he created a new type of journalism and coined phrases that became part of the American vocabulary.Wolfe began working as a newspaper reporter, first for The Washington Post, then the New York Herald Tribune. He developed a literary style in nonfiction that became known as the “New Journalism.” “I’ve always agreed on a theoretical level that the techniques for fiction and nonfiction are interchangeable,” he said. “The things that work in nonfiction would work in fiction, and vice versa.”“When Tom Wolfe’s voice broke into the world of nonfiction, it was a time when a lot of writers, and a lot of artists in general, were turning inwards,” says Lev Grossman, book c ritic for Time magazine. “Wolfe didn’t do that. Wolfe turned outwards. He was a guy who was interested in other people.” Wolfe was interested in how they thought, how they did things and how the things they did affected the world around them.In 1979, Wolfe published The Right Stuff, an account of the military test pilots who became America’s first astronauts. Four years later, the book was adapted as a feature film. “The Right Stuff was the book for me,” says Grossman. “It reminded me, in case I’d forgotten, that the world is an incredible place.”In The Right Stuff, Wolfe popularized the phrase “pushing the envelope.” In a New York magazine article, Wolfe described the 1970s as “The ‘Me’ Decade.” Grossman says these phrases became part of the American idio m because they were accurate.“He was an enormously forceful observer, and he was not afraid of making strong claims about what was happening in reality,” Grossman says. “He did it well and people heard him. And they repeated what he said because he was ri ght.” All those words started a revolution in nonfiction that is still going on.56. The “New Journalism” is a style of journalism that .A. changes its news writing techniques frequentlyB. popularizes new American idioms in a literary wayC. combines novelistic techniques with traditional reportingD. reports various news events from a theoretical perspective57. It can be learned from the passage that The Right Stuff .A. is a film directed by Lev GrossmanB. is an influential book by Tom WolfeC. accounts for popular American phrasesD. deals with incredible places in the world58. According to the passage, Tom Wolfe .A. was good at reporting news from a realistic perspectiveB. preferred making claims about events to writing booksC. was fond of commenting on other people’s thoughtsD. liked analyzing social problems from the outside59. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Tom Wolfe: A Professional Phrase CoinerB. Tom Wolfe: A Forceful Observer and NovelistC. Tom Wolfe: A Theoretical Creator in LiteratureD. Tom Wolfe: An Innovative Journalist and Writer（B）The idea of using radio or wireless to broadcast to audiences was formed in 1916 by a president of the American Marconi Company, David Sarnoff. His superiors w ere doubtful about his idea to “make radio a household cause, so that by purchase of a ‘radio music box’, the audience could enjoy lectures, music performance, etc.”Four years later the American engineer Frank Conrad, an employee at W E Corp, attracted considerable attention when a local newspaper reported on the growing audience listening on crystal radio sets to his evening and weekend amateur broadcasts. A local music store had provided records to play on the Victoria, and Conrad and his family served as disc jockeys(唱片音乐播音员). Westinghouse vice president Harry Davis asked Conrad to build a more powerful transmitter(发射台)in time to announce the outcome of the next US presidential election. Conrad completed his assignment, and on November 2, 1920, station KDKA in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, broadcast the announcement that Warren G. Harding had been elected president. About 1000 people heard this first news broadcast.Radio communicated news much faster than did newspapers, and because crystal sets were easy to build and inexpensive, radio expanded rapidly in the following years. To stimulate the sale of radio sets, equipment manufactures provided transmitting facilities. Singers, comedians, and entire orchestras volunteered their services for publicity. Theeventual financial basis of the new industry, however, was still unclear. One group in New York City tried to seek contributions from listeners while others urged that private foundations support radio stations as a public service. In August 1922 the first commercial radio advertisement was broadcast on WEAF (now WNBC) in New York City. In 1926, when about 5 million homes had radios, the Radio Corporation of America (RCA), in cooperation with the American Telephone & Telegraph Company, established the first commercial radio network. In the 1920s radio was established as a new mass medium had a practicable industry, and it became a national forum(论坛)for news and popular culture.59．The passage is mainly concerned with _______.A．the contribution of radio to popular cultureB．the invention and uses of radioC．early radio programs for a mass audienceD．the history of radio broadcasting60．Who started broadcasting radio programs to mass audience?A．Frank Conrad B．David Sarnoff C．Harry Davis D．Warren Harding61．After 1920, radio expanded rapidly because _______.A．people could easily get it in stores B．it was cheaper than newspapersC．it had advantages over newspapers D．people were interested in anything new62．By saying that “the eventual financial basis of the new industry was still unclear”, the author means that _______. A．the private foundations were unwilling to support the stationsB．the stations were not sure yet where to get the operational moneyC．advertising and commercial programs could not raise enough moneyD．the listeners would not pay for the broadcasting stations(C)The Earth is facing a climate crisis, but it’s also getting greener and leafier. According to new research, the rise is largely due to China and India.A study by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), based on extensive satellite photographs and published in the journal Nature Sustainability, has revealed that the two countries with the world’s biggest populations are also responsible for the largest increase in greenness.Since 2000, the planet’s green leaf area has increased by 5 percent, or over 2 million square miles. That’s an area equivalent to the sum total of the Amazon rainforests, NASA says. But researchers stressed that the new greenery doesnot neutralize deforestation and its negative impacts on ecosystems elsewhere.A third of the leaf increase is thanks to China and India, due to the implementation of major tree-planting projects alongside a vast increase in agriculture.Using the data from a NASA sensor, researchers discovered that China is the source of a quarter of the increase in green leaf area, despite possessing only 6.6 percent of the world’s vegetated area (植被区). Forests account for 42 percent of that increase, while croplands make up a fu rther 32 percent. China’s increase in forest area is the result of forest preservation and expansion programs, NASA said, established to fight against the impacts of climate change, air pollution and soil erosion (水土流失). India has contributed a further 6.8 percent rise in green leaf area, with 82 percent from croplands and 4.4 percent from forests.Rama Nemani, a co-author of the study and a researcher at NASA’s Ames Research Center, said in a statement, “When the greening of the Earth was first observed, w e thought it was due to a warmer, wetter climate and fertilization from the added carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, leading to more leaf growth in northern forests, for instance.” “Now, with the data that lets us understand the phenomenon at really small s cales, we see that humans are also contributing,” Nemani said. “This will help scientists make better predictions about the behavior of different Earth systems, which will help countries make better decisions about how and when to take action.”Thomas Pugh, a professor at the University of Birmingham’s School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, said the NASA report expands scientists’ understanding of the causes behind global greening. But he also cautioned that a direct line cannot be drawn between an increase in global greening and a decrease in negative impacts of climate change.63. The passage mainly tells us that .A. China and India have the world’s largest green leaf areasB. China and India are the lead role players in global greeningC. our planet is experiencing a climate crisis despite human effortsD. our planet is getting greener due to the joint efforts of the world64. What can be learned about China and India?A. The area of croplands in India is larger than that in China.B. I ndia’s rise in leaf area is largely due to its forestry program.C. They both show a greater increase in forests than in croplands.D. China boasts twenty-five percent of the global rise in leaf area.65. According to Rama Nemani, their new findings are .A. unexpected but significantB. surprising but valuelessC. predictable but disappointingD. uncontrollable but inspiring66. What can be inferred from the passage?A. There is an indirect link between global greening and climate change.B. The new greenery does not have any positive effect on the global climate.C. The gain in greenness does not make up for the damage from loss of leaf area.D. The increase in greening reduces the deforestation rate and its impact globally.Section CDirections : Complete the following passage by using the sentences listed below. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.A. Cleaning your community will have a positive effect on others in society.B. Then find a need or an issue you really care about.C. But they belong to the community, too.D. Living in a clean neighborhood will be its own rewardE. Don’t hesitate to take part in the community’s activityF. Round up some readersCan just one person make a difference? You bet! In a community every person counts, and getting involved is not difficult. Take stock of your own talents and interests. ___67___. Don’t wait for someone else to act first. Take the initiative! Once you see what you can accomplish, you’ll want to k eep going.Here are just a few ways to make a difference in your community. How many more ways can you come up with?Clean up the community. People often throw litter in places where there is already litter. And the problem only becomes worse until someone gets fed up and does something. Could your neighborhood use a cleanup? Neighborhood cleanups are often sponsored by local businesses or schools. But if your community doesn’t have a cleanup program, get together with friends to organize one. You could pick up garbage in a larger area twice a year, or you could clean a smaller area every few months. ___68___.Include the isolated. Do you know anyone who is housebound? Almost all neighborhoods have a few people who have to stay at their homes. These people are often elderly and unable to leave their homes to perform simple tasks. ___69___. By letting them “borrow” your legs and eyes, you can make them feel included. You can run errands for them like shopping or paying bills. They might like you to read to them if their eyesight is failing. Governments provide some of the services these people need, but programs cannot give them friendship; that’s what communities are for!___70___. Reading clubs are popular all over Europe and North America. Members might read at home to prepare for discussion, or they might read aloud to each other and talk about what they just read. Either way, a book or article can spark lively discussion and this often challenges people to take action.Section DDirections : Read the following passage , Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words . Use your own words as far as possible.Are you working with your computer routinely either as a office employee or a game lover? Are your eyes dry, watery, blurry, seeing double or sensitive to light? If your answer is a “yes”, you are likely one of many people today who suffer from digital eyestrain, also called computer-vision syndrome. What on earth is this syndrome coming from?What can we do to deal with this problem?Eyestrain is often related to the amount of exposure to screens, the distance from eyes to screens and the use of multiple screens simultaneously. However, studies have also shown that the blue light produced by digital devices today reaches further into the eyes than other kinds of light. This light actually assists attention during the day but can result in interrupted sleep patterns at night.Years of scientific researches indicate that eyestrain isn’t necessarily an unavoidable problem for those who deal with computer work in the daily base. There are ways you can adopt which can overcome the problem considerably. To begin with, your computer screen should be high-resolution (高分辨率), at least 50 centimeters wide diagonally and may require a screen filter to decrease reflections. Also, be aware that “computer glasses”, which cut down glare and blue light，are available.Besides, to reduce your risk for computer-vision syndrome, take frequent breaks during your computer workday. Many workers take only two 15-minute breaks from their computer throughout their day. According to a recent study, eyestrain are significantly reduced when computer workers take four additional five-minute “mini-breaks” throughout their workday. Finally, many of us fall into bad habits while using digital screens, which only worsen the effects of eyestrain. While viewing digital screens, many people blink (眨眼) one third less often than they usually do. Place a reminder on your computer to “blink” so that your eyes don’t dry out.第II卷(共47分)I.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 远足是我们接触大自然的最简单方式之一。

2019年上海高考英语试题（精校版）

2019年上海高考英语试题(精校版) 1 普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试卷II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions : After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. In the presence of animals A professor of public health at UCLA says that pet ownership might provide a new form of health care. As far back as the 1790s, the elderly at a senior citizens’ home in England 21 (encourage) to spend time with farm animals. This would help patients ’ mental state more than the cruel therapies 22_______ (use) on the mentally ill at the time. In recent years, scientists have finally begun to find proofs 23 contact with animals to increase a sick person’s chance of survival and ha ve shown 24 (lower) heart rate, calm upset children, and get people to start a conversation. Scientists Scientists think think think t t hat hat animals’animals’companionship companionship is is is beneficial beneficial beneficial 25 25 animals animals are are are accepting accepting accepting and and attentive, and they don’t cri ticize or give orders. Animals have the unique ability to be more social. For example, visitors to nursing homes get get more social responses more social responses f rom from patients patients when they when they come with animal companions. Not only do people seem 26 (anxious) when animals are nearby, but they may also live longer. Studies show that a year 27 heart surgery, survival rates for heart patients were higher for those with pets in their homes than those without pets. Elderly people with pets make fewer fewer trips trips trips to to to doctors doctors doctors than than than those those those without without without animal animal animal companions, companions, companions, possibly possibly possibly because because because animals animals animals relieve relieve loneliness. Staying with animals is believed to create a peaceful state of mind, 28 (result) in a favorable environment for everyone. Research Research confirms confirms confirms that that that the the the findings findings findings concerning concerning concerning senior senior senior citizens citizens citizens can can can be be be applied applied applied to to to restless restless children. They are more easy-going when there are animals around, with 29 company they tend to calm down more easily. They involve 30 in playing with animals and the presence of animals conforms them greatly. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. suspected B. fortunately C. invasions D. inevitable E. accustomed F. unreliable G. features H. acknowledged I. inclusion J. transferred K. instantly The The iPhone iPhone iPhone X, X, X, Apple’s Apple’s Apple’s new new new s s mart mart phone, phone, phone, is is is equipped equipped equipped with with with facial facial facial recognition. recognition. recognition. 31 31 , , its its scanner can unlock the system. It requires no buttons to be pressed, being always ready to read your face. Android users can expect similar 32 as well. For the millions of people who will soon depend on facial recognition to check their email, send a text or make a call, it will be quick, easy and pretty “cool cool”” to use. However, as we grow 33 to the technology, we cannot become numb to the problems that come with it. Facial recognition is already used everywhere. In China, police use the technology to identify people who jaywalk (乱穿马路). In the United State, more than half of all adults are in a facial recognition database that can be used for criminal investigation. Governments, however, are not the only users of facial recognition. Retailers (零售商) use the technology in their stores to identify 34 shoplifters. One social media app in Russia allows strangers to find out who you are just by taking a photo of you. However, However, different different different users users users of of of facial facial facial recognition recognition recognition produce produce produce different different different levels levels levels of of of accuracy. accuracy. accuracy. Camera Camera distance, lighting, facial pose all affect the accuracy. Officials at the New York Police Department, for example, have 35 at least five misidentifications by their facial recognition system. If the iPhone’iPhone’s new system is similarly 36 s new system is similarly 36 , no one will consider it to be acceptable security for our personal information. 37 , it probably won’t be. But for many of the systems elsewhere, mistakes and 38 of privacy might be unavoidable. As the smart phone of choice for many users, the iPhone’s 39 s 39 of facial recognition may encourage consumers to accept the technology elsewhere. However, even as we choose to explore the convenience facial recognition might offer, we should also be suspicious of the many ways it can be used. Facial recognition may well be 40 . Its risks need not be! III. Reading Comprehension (45%) Section A Directions : For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Famous people often say that the key to becoming both happy and successful is t o “do what you love.” But mastering a skill, even one t hat you deeply love, 41 a huge amount of dull work. Anyone Anyone who who who want want want to to to master master master a a a skill skill skill must must must run run run through through through the the the cycle cycle cycle of of of practice, practice, 42 feedback, modification, modification, and and and increasing increasing increasing improvement improvement improvement again, again, again, again again again and and and again. again. again. Some Some Some people people people seem seem seem able able able to to concentrate concentrate on on on practicing practicing practicing an an an activity activity activity like like like this this this for for for years years years and and and take take take pleasure pleasure pleasure in in in their their their gradual gradual improvement. improvement. Y et Y et others others others find find find this this this kind kind kind of of of focused, focused, focused, time-intensive time-intensive time-intensive work work work to to to be be 43 or or boring. boring. Why? The The difference difference difference may may may turn turn turn on on on the the the ability ability ability to to to enter enter enter into into into a a a state state state of of of “f “f “flow,low,low,”” the the feeling feeling feeling of of of being being completely 44 in what you are doing. Whether you call it being “in the zone,” or something else, a flow state is a special experience. Since Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi developed the 45 of flow in the 1970’s, it has been a mainstay of positive-psychology research. Flow states can happen in the course of any activity, and they are most common when a task has well-defined goals and is at a(n) 46 skill level, and where the individual is able to 47 their performance to clear and immediate feedback. Csikszentmihalyi Csikszentmihalyi suggested suggested suggested that that that those those those who who who most most 48 entered entered into into into flow flow flow states states states had had had an an “auto “autotelic telic telic personality personality personality ((自带目的性人格)” a a disposition disposition disposition to to to seek seek seek out out out challenges challenges challenges and and and get get get into into into a a state state of of of flow. flow. flow. While While While those those those without without without such such such a a a personality personality personality see see see difficulties, difficulties, difficulties, autotelic autotelic autotelic individuals individuals individuals see see opportunities to build skills. Autotelic individuals are receptive and open to new challenges. They are are also also 49 and and have have have low low low levels levels levels of of of self-centeredness. self-centeredness. self-centeredness. Such Such Such people, people, people, with with with their their their capacity capacity capacity for for “disinterested int e re ere erest” have a great st” have a great 50 over others in developing their innate abilities. Fortunately Fortunately for for for those those those of of of us us us who who who aren’t aren’t 51 blessed blessed with with with an an an autotelic autotelic autotelic personalily, personalily, personalily, there there there is is evidence that flow states can can be be 52 by environmental factors. 53 , , the the the learning learning framework prescribed by Montessori schools seems to encourage flow states. While there isn’t (yet) a pill that can turn mundane practice into a thrilling activity for anyone, it t (yet) a pill that can turn mundane practice into a thrilling activity for anyone, it is is heartening heartening heartening that that that we we we seem, seem, seem, at at at least least least to to to some some 54 , , to to to be be be able able able to to to nudge nudge nudge ourselves ourselves ourselves toward toward toward flow flow states. states. By By By giving giving giving ourselves ourselves ourselves unstructured, unstructured, unstructured, open-ended open-ended open-ended time, time, time, minimal minimal 55 , , and and and a a a task task task set set set at at at a a moderate level of difficulty, we may be able to love what we’re doing while we put in the hard work practicing the things we loving doing. 41. A. inquires B. requires C. acquires D. gains 42. A. preventable B. maintainable C. sustainable D. critical 43. A. frustrating B. encouraging C. concerning D. instructing 44. A. improved B. indicated C. involved D. inspired 45. A. concept B. receipt C. reception D. condition 46. A. alternative B. appropriate C. approximate D. sufficient 47. A. make B. adopt C. adapt D. adjust 48. A. fully B. really C. readily D. accidentally 49. A. generous B. persistent C. courageous D. resistant 50. A. addict B. advance C. advantage D. admire 51. A. necessarily B. obviously C. gradually D. occasionally 52. A. forbidden B. functioned C. fastened D. facilitated 53. A. In particular B. For example C. In conclusion D.In comparison 54. A. intention B. degree C. purpose D. extension 55. A. temptation B. charming C. attractions D. distractions Section B Directions : Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read. (A) The adaptation of books to the big screen is nothing new to our society. Books have become well-respected tools for creating a better Hollywood. However, films should be just as respected for their ability to create better writers. The main skill films help writers develop is attention to progress. Most directors and screenwriters know that the majority of people are not willing to sit through a five-hour film. Thus, every scene must have a purpose. This is a vital objective to keep in mind when writing a novel or short story. With most writing courses placing emphasis on literary techniques, it is easy to become more invested in diction than with actually moving the plot forward. Films remind the writer that while a novel ought to have some degree of literary complexity, the goal at the end of each chapter, page, or sentence is simple: keep the story moving. Films not only help writers develop a plot, but also also help help help writers writers writers develop develop develop specific specific specific moments moments moments within within within their their their stories. stories. stories. Although Although Although writing writing writing a a a means means means of of expression, not all things are easy to express in writing, especially facial expressions and emotions. Films Films allow allow allow writers writers writers to to to study study study the the the bodily bodily bodily and and and emotional emotional emotional actions actions actions that that that make make make characters characters characters read read read more more realistically and make stories more tempting. Lastly, Lastly, sometimes sometimes sometimes it it it takes takes takes a a a film film film to to to bring bring bring about about about a a a story story story idea idea idea in in in the the the first first first place. place. place. Stop Stop Stop using using using a a horribly specific or extremely uninteresting prompt. A pleasing theme or aesthetic can be enough to inspire a character or setting. As writers, whether fiction or independent, our works often arise from the things we see around us or the things we wish we could see. Nonetheless, our works also arise from from the the the visuals visuals visuals that that that have have have been been been created created created for for for us. us. us. As As As literature literature literature continues continues continues to to to enter enter enter the the the film film film industry, industry, perhaps we should make use of film techniques in our literature. 56. 56. Reminded by films, a writer can move the plot forward by Reminded by films, a writer can move the plot forward by . A. keeping in mind that every word should mean something. B. providing a description of as many details as possible. C. paying attention to further enhancing literary complexity. D. choosing the perfect word to go with his/her thought. 57. According to the postage, films help writers develop in many aspects except . A. getting an improved expressiveness B. focusing on keeping the story moving. C. complicating their thinking and life. D. bringing in inspiration for new works. 58. The word “prompt prompt”” (paragraph 4) probably means . A. a reason to write. B. a topic to start from. C. an excuse to put off working. D. an element to attract relationship. 59. Which of the following statement s best represents the author’s thoughts in this passage?A. book writers are the ones promoting the growth of the film industry. B. directors and screenwriters are more respected than fiction writers. C. writers should spend more time on wording rather than on other things. D. filmmaking technique could help book writers to improve themselves. (B) American Airlines Date of Issue: 233 JAN 10 Ping Luo: Thank Thank you you you for for for choosing choosing choosing American American American Airlines/American Airlines/American Airlines/American Eagle, Eagle, Eagle, a a a member member member of of of the the the one one one world world TMAlliance. Below is your journey plan for the ticket(s) purchased. Please print and keep possession of this document for use throughout your trip. Record locator: HPMDLH You may check in and obtain your boarding pass for U.S. domestic electronic tickets within 24 hours of your flight time online at AA. Come by using / checkin or at a Self-Service Check-In Check-In machine machine machine at at at the the the airport. airport. airport. For For For faster faster faster check-in check-in check-in at at at the the the airport, airport, airport, scan scan scan the the the barcode barcode barcode at at at any any any AA AA Self-Service machine. Effective Effective February February February 1, 1, 1, American American American Airlines Airlines Airlines will will will be be be cashless cashless cashless onboard onboard onboard all all all flights. flights. flights. For For For in-flight in-flight purchases, purchases, we we we will will will accept accept accept Citi Citi ○R /A /A Advantage Advantage ○R MasterCard ○Rand and other other other major major major credit credit credit or or or debit debit cards cards only. only. only. Cashless Cashless Cashless cabins cabins cabins will will will not not not be be be implemented implemented implemented onboard onboard onboard American American American Eagle Eagle Eagle and and and American American Connection flights … only cash will continue to be accepted onboard those flights. eTicket Carrier Flight number Departing Arriving Booking Code City Date & time City Time American Airlines 4290 NASHVILLE SUN, 31 JAN 11:05 AM CHICAGO OHARE 12:40 PM Q OPERATED BY AMERICAN EAGLE Ping Luo Economy Seats 9C Food for Purchase American Airline 4131 CHICAGO OHARE SUN 31 JAN 2:40 TM MADISON 3:25 PM Q OPERATED BY AMERICAN EAGLE Ping Luo Economy Seats 17C Food for Purchase 60. 60. The above document serves as _______. The above document serves as _______. A. evidence of booked tickets. B. explanations of check-in policies. C. a reminder of airline regulations. D. an airline ticket and its confirmation. 61. During his journey, Ping Luo will . A. fly non-stop to his destination. B. arrive in Chicago in the late afternoon of the same day. C. have to stay at CHICAGO OHARE airport for two hours. D. reach his final destination on the next day. 62. 62. According to the document, in order to check in at the airport faster, a passenger may According to the document, in order to check in at the airport faster, a passenger may . A. arrive at the airport far ahead of time. B. choose the seat in advance. C. use a self-service machine. D. contact the record locator online. (C) There There are are are classes classes classes for for for the the the mothers mothers mothers of of of babies, babies, babies, but but but there there there’s ’s ’s no no no helping helping helping with with with your your your mum mum mum and and and dad dadgrowing old. Old people’s wards are hell for old people. G eriatric wards are bedlam and bonkers. A toothless woman screaming when left alone, a cry that reaches the high hospital ceiling. A woman effing and blinding — the polite curtain will not protect her from the indignity of a happy change. A woman who lives the same moment in repeat, dressed up for going home in a bright red, over the dressing grown, asking for the key to her house, sa ying over and over: “Am I going home today?”And though my mum, by the time she was released, knew that her life was charmed compared with the lives of t he world’s refugees. It seems to me as if the plight (困境) of old people, while not as as horrible horrible horrible as as as the the the plight plight plight of of of refugees, refugees, refugees, shares shares shares some some some of of of the the the horror. horror. horror. Just Just Just as as as we we we live live live in in in a a a society society society that that hasn’hasn’t caught up with technology, the kind of moral choices it gives people, we also live in a world t caught up with technology, the kind of moral choices it gives people, we also live in a world t hat hat hasn’t hasn’t hasn’t kept kept kept up up up with with with its its its ageing ageing ageing population. population. population. We We We have have have the the the advances advances advances in in in medical medical medical science science science and and technology technology that that that have have have kept kept kept people people people alive alive alive longer, longer, longer, but but but not not not the the the advances advances advances in in in how how how to to to treat treat treat our our our ageing ageing population. Society is lagging behind the old, failing and falling. There There are are are certain certain certain small small small but but but piercing piercing piercing similarities similarities similarities between between between the the the treatment treatment treatment of of of the the the old old old and and and the the treatment of refugees. The old are often displaced from their homes, moved out against their will; decisions are often made for them that they have no say over. Often, they are treated as fools or halfwits, crowded t ogether in one place, given clothes that don’t belong to them, treated as a fallen tribe, incapable of any individuality. Nobody imagined my mother was a secretary of the Scottish peace peace movement, movement, movement, a a a primary primary primary teacher, teacher, teacher, a a a lifelong lifelong lifelong socialist, socialist, socialist, a a a witty witty witty woman. woman. woman. Out Out Out of of of hospital, hospital, hospital, my my 85-year-old 85-year-old mum mum mum said: said: said: “going “going “going into into into hospital hospital hospital at at at my my my age age age puts puts puts years years years on on on you. you. you. God God God save save save from from from old old people’s wards. You never think of yourself as old. You look across t he ward and think, am I like t hat?”63. The treatment of the old is compared of that of the refugees in order to . A. prove they have a lot in common B. show the terrible status of the old C. display their similarities and differences D. indicate that old people have to leave their home 64. What can be interred from the passage? A. Refugees lead a better life than old male patients. B. Old people are ill-treated due to their loss of individuality. C. T he author’s mom is capable of teaching and being a socialist in the meanwhile. s mom is capable of teaching and being a socialist in the meanwhile. D. T he treatment of the ageing population doesn’t develop as science advances.65. T he author’s mom felt that life in the hospital s mom felt that life in the hospital . A. made her much older. B. created her a mature woman. C. enable her to look back at life. D. let her full of gratitude to children. 66. The passage mainly discussed . A. the life of refugees and old people. B. social responsibility to old women. C. improper treatment of old people. D. preparing for ageing parents. Section C Directions : Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can he used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A. Clear solutions already exist for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. B. Despite this, how our dietary choices affect climate change is often underestimated. C. Food, especially livestock, also lakes up a lot of room D. In developed countries, vegetarianism would bring all sorts of environmental and health benefits. E. No matter how much their carnivorous friends might deny it, vegetarians have a point: cutting out meat delivers multiple benefits. F. Though a relatively small increase in agricultural land, this would more than make up for the loss of meat. What would happen if the world suddenly went vegetarian? People become vegetarians for a variety of reasons. Some do it to make animal suffering, others because they want to pursue a healthier lifestyle. Still others are fans of sustainability or wish to reduce reduce greenhouse greenhouse greenhouse gas gas gas emissions. emissions. 67 And And the the the more more more who who who make make make the the the switch, switch, switch, the the the more more more those those perks would manifest on a global scale. Jarvis and other experts at Colombia’s Inte rnational Centre for Tropical Agriculture carried out researches to see what might happen if meat dropped off the planet’s m enu overnight. menu overnight. First they examined climate change. Food production accounts for one-quarter to one-third of all greenhouse greenhouse gas gas gas emissions emissions emissions from from from human human human activities activities activities worldwide, worldwide, worldwide, and and and the the the worst worst worst of of of responsibility responsibility responsibility for for those numbers falls to the livestock industry. 68 In the US, for example, an average family of four emits more greenhouse gases because of the meat they eat than from driving two cars but it is cars, not steaks, that regularly come up in discussions about global warming. 69 Of Of the the the world’s world’s world’s approximately approximately approximately 12 12 12 billion billion billion acres acres acres of of of agricul agricul agricultural tural tural land, land, land, 68% 68% 68% is is is used used used for for livestock. Should we all go vegetarian, ideally we would give at least 80% of that pastureland (牧场) to to the the the restoration restoration restoration of of of grasslands grasslands grasslands and and and forests, forests, forests, which which which would would would capture capture capture carbon carbon carbon and and and further further further alleviate alleviate climate change. The remaining 10 to 20% of former pastureland could be used for growing more crops to fill gaps in the food supply. 70 That That’s because one’s because one -third of the land currently used for crops is -third of the land currently used for crops is dedicated to producing food for livestock not for humans. Summary Writing: Directions : Read Read the the the following following following passage. passage. passage. Summarize Summarize Summarize the the the main main main idea idea idea and and and the the the main main main point(s) point(s) point(s) of of of the the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Learning by Rote in the Digital Age Rote Rote learning learning learning has has has become become become seen seen seen as as as an an an outdated outdated outdated method method method of of of teaching. teaching. teaching. The The The dictionary dictionary dictionary defines defines learning ‘by rote’ a s : ‘from memory, without thought of the meaning: in a mechanical way’.The The decline decline decline of of of rote rote rote learning learning learning has has has been been been quickened quickened quickened by by by technology. technology. technology. No No No one one one needs needs needs to to to memorize memorize friends’ phone numbers or email addresses because such data is conv eniently stored and accessible electronically. And why remember when and where World War Two broke out when you can find the answer on the Internet in about 6 seconds? But now there are voices for a need to return to rote learning. In fact, memorizing key data is essential to learning any skill. Doctoring requires knowledge of medicine medicine and and and lawyering lawyering lawyering requires requires requires knowledge knowledge knowledge of of of cases cases cases and and and laws. laws. laws. Of Of Of course, course, course, being being being able able able to to to recall recall things will not further your understanding of those things, but without memorizing these foundation elements, you cannot progress to a deeper understanding of a subject. While the Internet and computers have weakened the need for us 10 remember things, it may well be that mobile learning can help bring this style of learning back to life by making it more convenient and more fun. Drilling yourself with flashcards or by repetition is usually hard and boring work, which is why most most people people people need need need their their their multiplication multiplication multiplication tables tables tables to to to be be be drilled drilled drilled into into into them them them by by by teachers teachers teachers or or or parents. parents. parents. Rote Rote learning learning without without without a a a willing willing willing third third third party party party can can can be be be a a a battle battle battle of of of discipline discipline discipline and and and motivation. motivation. motivation. But But But mobile mobile learning learning can can can make make make those those those flashcards flashcards flashcards and and and drills drills drills more more more appropriate appropriate appropriate to to to individual individual individual study; study; study; our our our digital digital devices can challenge and inform us at the same time and also keep us motivated, whether through game-like structures or recording our progress. Once you’ve acquired the e ssentials of a subject by rote learning, you will find it easier to go deeper in the application of knowledge which is important. V . Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets . 1. 李雷宁愿受罚也不愿说谎。

2019年高考试题-英语(上海卷)解析版

2019 年高考试题- 英语（上海卷）解析版注意事项：认真阅读理解，结合历年的真题，总结经验，查找不足！重在审题，多思考，多理解！无论是单选、多选还是论述题，最重要的就是看清题意。

在论述题中，问题大多具有委婉性，尤其是历年真题部分，在给考生较大发挥空间的同时也大大增加了考试难度。

考生要认真阅读题目中提供的有限材料，明确考察要点，最大限度的挖掘材料中的有效信息，建议考生答题时用笔将重点勾画出来，方便反复细读。

只有经过仔细推敲，揣摩命题老师的意图，积极联想知识点，分析答题角度，才能够将考点锁定，明确题意。

I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections: InsectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestio nyouhaveheard.1.W:Canyoudescribewhatyoudo?M:Iwashofficebuildingwindows.Igohighupinthebaskettoreachthewindows.Q:Whatistheman'sjob?A.Abasketballplayer.B.Alaundryworker.C.Awindowwasher.D.Arockclimber【答案】 C.Awindowwasher.【解析】这是一道事实细节题。

2019年高考试题-英语(上海卷)解析版

在论述题中，问题大多具有委婉性，尤其是历年真题部分，在给考生较大发挥空间的同时也大大增加了考试难度。

考生要认真阅读题目中提供的有限材料，明确考察要点，最大限度的挖掘材料中的有效信息，建议考生答题时用笔将重点勾画出来，方便反复细读。

只有经过仔细推敲，揣摩命题老师的意图，积极联想知识点，分析答题角度，才能够将考点锁定，明确题意。

上海市2019年春季全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语试题 Word版含解析

2019年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海一考英语试卷考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页），全卷共13页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

第Ⅰ卷（共100分）Ⅰ.ListeningSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a church. B. In the man’s home. C. In a restaurant. D. In a furniture store2. A. She was excited.B. She was very nervous.C. She was very confident.D. There was something wrong with her heart.3. A. She is full. B. She doesn’t like that snack barC. She is ill.D. She is going to see the doctor.4. A. 150 pounds. B. 110 pounds. C. 50 pounds. D. 100 pound.5. A. He couldn’t spell the words. B. He did well in spelling.C. He reckoned that it was hard to say.D. He didn’t do well in contest.6. A. Concerned. B. Satisfied. C. Relaxed. D. Depressed7. A. They are talking about a fitness coach.B. They are discussing about the former firm.C. They are talking about their former colleague.D. They are talking about their friends’ school.8. A. Young people weren’t satisfied with the lecture.B. The lecture was very successful.C. Drinking water was banned in the lecture.D. The lecture made people feel thirsty.9. A. The boss. B. Tom. C. The woman. D. The man.10. A. He already has one calculator.B. He doesn’t like the solar-powered calculator.C. He is good at calculating.D. He would like lo have a different present.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Question 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. 1938. B. 1939. C. 1942. D. 1948.12. A. Because most Australians couldn’t afford it.B. Because the war broke out.C. Because the flying boats were out of dated.D. Because land-based aircraft had developed rapidly.13 A. The price of flying boats.B. The development of Rose Bay.C The surprising history of flying boats.D. The advancement of flying boats.Question 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. They have various skills. B. They are well organized.C. They can solve difficult problems.D. They have creative ideas.15. A. Disorderliness might result in creativity.B. Creativity might lead to messiness.C. Smarter people believe that cleanliness is not important.D. Messiness helps cultivate creativity. 16. A. The qualities of intelligent people. B. The misunderstanding of creativity. C. The relationship between creativity and messiness. D. The components of creativity. Question 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. A new research into the human brain. B. The advantages of men and women. C. The different connections in brain in men and women. D. The study on two sides of the brain. 18. A. In men’s brains, there are stronger connections in two sides of the brain.B. In men’s brai ns, there are stronger connections in each half of the brain. C. The connections in men’s brain are not so strong as those in women’s brain.D. There is nothing different between male and female brain. 19. A. Multitask. B. Map reading. C. Cycling. D. Performing a single task.20. A. The different-connection theory is not convincing.B. He holds a neutral attitude to the research findings.C. The connections inside the brain will not change immediately.D. He disagrees with the new findings and thinks the connection inside the brain is complex and changeable.Ⅱ. Grammar VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in eachblank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Start with the end and work backwardsWhen Jason Hoelscher was an undergraduate of fine art studies, there weren’t any professional development classes. So ambition and the timely realization____1____ he would have to determine “what’s next” on his own urged Jason to engage his future self to find direction. It was 1996, and he was finishing his BFA (Bachelor of Fine Art) in Denver. He was faced with the choice of sitting back to wait for something ____2____ (happen), or pursuing a path into the unknown. He chose the latter.Jason set up a plan that in five years he ____3____ (show) his work in the top gallery in that area of the country. This five-year goal gave him a starting point ____4____ which to work backwards.By setting the goal, all of Jason’s efforts ____5____ (point) in the same direction. He showed up at different art show openings, and researched as best he could to make ____6____ familiar with the market environment.As a result of showing up, Jason took opportunities ____7____ got him closer to his goal. He sent work to a student show and was accepted by Robin Rule, the owner of Rule Gallery. ____8____ (inspire), Jason spent the next month making new work.In April of 1997, Jason went back to Rule Gallery with his new work. ____9____ scared to death, he looked confident at the gallery meeting. When he left, he left as the newest addition to the rule gallery roster (花名册). He had his first exhibition there one year later.Jason could have stopped with the show selection, but what he really wanted was gallery representation. He struck while the iron was hot, and in _____10_____ (do) so, shortened his five-year plan into a year-and-a-half.【答案】1. that2. to happen3. would show4. from5. pointed6. himself7. and8. Inspired9. Although10. doing【解析】本文属于记叙文，介绍Jason Hoelscher为自己设定一个五年目标，不断努力，最终用一年半就实现了。

2019年6月上海高考英语试题word精校版SummaryWriting（含试题-答案）

2019年6月上海高考英语试题word精校版SummaryWriting（含试题-答案）2019年6月全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.It’s undeniable: Being among the first to try out a new piece of technology is cool. There’s the excitement of doing what has never been done before the feeling that you’re living in the future. And when you’re the sole member of your social circle with the latest hot gadget, people stare in fascination. They ask you questions. They see you as the holder of powerful, secret knowledge for a little while, until the next big thing comes along. People tend to underestimate the costs of this temporary coolness, which they pay in more ways than one. Don’t fall into the early adopter trap. Don’t join the first wave of consumers who invest in the latest media-hyped hardware: instead, wait and see.To put it frankly, early adoption is a bad investment. First, the earliest versions of devices are not only expensive, they are also the most expensive that those devices will ever be. Companies are presumably attempting to recover the cost of production as fast as they can, and they know that there are serious tech-lovers who will pay a great deal to be first. Once the revenues from early adopters’ purchases are safely in their hands, they can cut the price and shift to the next marketing phase: selling the product to everyone else. This is why the cost of the original iPhonedropped about U. S. 200 only eight months after its release. Plus, electronics hardly ever become more expensive because intense competition in the industry puts downward pressure on prices over time. Prices of gadgets will fall shortly after release, and they will likely keep falling. Many new TV models drop significantly in price as little as ten days after hitting the market. Further, electronics rapidly depreciate because they become obsolete (废弃的) so quickly. This means that early adopters pay the maximum price for an item that does not hold onto its value. The resale price of a cell phone or laptop can drop by fifty percent within just a few months.Speaking of becoming obsolete, those who are first to leap into a new technology risk wasting money and time on something that will never catch on. Another good reason to resist the early-adoption temptation is that the first version of a product typically has defects that cost a lot in time and frustration. Such problems are so common with new technology that early adopters are basically unpaid beta testers and troubleshooters. Unless this sounds to you like a fun way to spend your time, don’t be among the first users. If you wai t to learn what the problems are with a new electronic gadget, you can look forward to a smoother experience or choose a less troublesome product.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 爷爷有点耳背，对他耐心一点。

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2019年高考试题-英语（上海卷）解析版注意事项：认真阅读理解，结合历年的真题，总结经验，查找不足！重在审题，多思考，多理解！无论是单选、多选还是论述题，最重要的就是看清题意。

在论述题中，问题大多具有委婉性，尤其是历年真题部分，在给考生较大发挥空间的同时也大大增加了考试难度。

考生要认真阅读题目中提供的有限材料，明确考察要点，最大限度的挖掘材料中的有效信息，建议考生答题时用笔将重点勾画出来，方便反复细读。

只有经过仔细推敲，揣摩命题老师的意图，积极联想知识点，分析答题角度，才能够将考点锁定，明确题意。

I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InsectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Atthee ndofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationandthe questionwillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,rea dthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestio nyouhaveheard.1.W:Canyoudescribewhatyoudo?M:Iwashofficebuildingwindows.Igohighupinthebaskettoreachthewindows.Q:Whatistheman'sjob?A.Abasketballplayer.B.Alaundryworker.C.Awindowwasher.D.Arockclimber【答案】C.Awindowwasher.【解析】这是一道事实细节题。

从对话中可知，男士清洗办公楼的窗户。

所以选项为C，他是个窗户清洁工。

关键词句：Iwashofficebuildingwindows；toreachthewindow.2.M:Shouldwegooutoreatintonight?W:Iamtootiredtodoanycooking.Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?A.Sheisnothungry.B.Shewantstocook.C.Sheisnottired.D.Shewantstodineout.【答案】D.Shewantstodineout.【解析】这是一道推理题。

从对话可知，女士说太累了一点儿也不想做饭，可推测她想出去吃。

所以答案是D。

dineout表示出去吃饭。

关键词：tootiredtodoanycooking.注意too…to表示“太……而不能……”。

3.M:Hi,Grace.Tellmesomethingaboutyourhometown.W:It'ssobeautifulandpeaceful.Butit'sreallyfarawayfromeverything.Q:Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherhometown?A.PromisingB.IsolatedC.CrowdedD.Modern【答案】B.Isolated.【解析】这是一道推理题。

从对话可知，女士认为她的家乡美丽而幽静。

但却与世隔绝。

所以答案是B，isolated表示隔绝的，孤立的。

关键词句：Butit'sreallyfarawayfromeverything.befarawayfrom表示“远离”。

听时注意“but”这个转折词后的信息。

4.W:Myprinterisoutofpaper.Iwillrunandgetsome.M:Iwillgowithyou.Ineedsomefreshair.Q:Wherewillthespeakersprobablygo?A.Toastationeryshop.B.Toagymnasium.C.Toapaintstore.D.Toanewsstand.【答案】A.Toastationeryshop.【解析】这是一道场景题。

从对话可知，女士说打印机里面没纸了，她跑去买纸，男士说一起去。

所以答案是A，stationeryshop是文具店，符合题意。

B是体育馆，C是油漆店，D 是报摊。

关键词句：Myprinterisoutofpaper.Iwillrunandgetsome.5.M:Idon'tlikethepricesonthemenu.Theyalwaysseemtoohigh.W:Youwillhaveadifferentviewaftereatingthedeliciousfood.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Themancanseeadifferentview.B.Thefoodisnottastyenough.C.Themancannotaffordthefood.D.Thefoodisworththeprice.【答案】D.Thefoodisworththeprice.【解析】这是一道推理题。

从对话可知，男士认为菜单上的价格太高，女士说你尝了菜之后就会改变观点，言下之意是你吃了之后就不觉得贵。

所以答案是D，Thefoodisworththeprice.这里的食物物有所值。

关键词：haveadifferentview,deliciousfood.6.M:Ihadahardtimegettingthroughthenovel.W:Iknowhowyoufeel.Whocouldrememberthenamesof35differentcharacters?Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?A.Shereadsdifferentkindsofbooks.B.Shealsofindsthebookdifficulttoread.C.Sheisimpressedbythecharacters.D.Sheknowswellhowtoremembernames.【答案】B.Shealsofindsthebookdifficulttoread.【解析】这是一道推理题。

从对话可知，男士说读完这本书很困难。

女士说她懂他的感觉，谁能记住35个不同的人物角色的名字。

言下之意是她也不能记住，觉得太难了。

所以答案是B。

关键词句：Whocouldremember…？听时注意说话者的反问语气。

7.W:Whyhaven'twereceivedanynewspapersyet?M:Well,sometimesittakesawhileforthepostofficetodeliverit.Q:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Themanwillgotothepostoffice.B.Thepostofficeisclosedfortheday.C.Thewomanisexpectingthenewspaper.D.Thedeliveryboyhasbeendismissed.【答案】C.Thewomanisexpectingthenewspaper.【解析】这是一道主旨题。

从对话可知，女士疑惑他们没收到报纸。

男士说有时邮寄需要花点时间。

言下之意是女士在期盼报纸的到来。

所以答案是C。

关键词：isexpecting,表示“期望，等待”。

8.M:MyroommateandIaregoingtoseeafilmtonight.Andweareleavingat7:40.Doyouwanttojoin us?W:Sure.Butmyclassendsat7:30.Andtheprofessorneverfinishesontime.Q:Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman?A.Sheisnotsureifshecanjointhem.B.Shewillskiptheclasstoseethefilm.C.Shewillasktheprofessorforleave.D.Shedoesnotwanttoseeafilm.【答案】A.Sheisnotsureifshecanjointhem.【解析】这是一道推理题。

从对话可知，女士想去看电影，但是她不确定7:30是否老师会准时下课，因为老师通常拖堂。

而男士和他室友7:40就要出发。

所以答案是A。

关键词句：classendsat7:30；theprofessorneverfinishesontime.老师从来不准时下课。

9.W:Nowthatyouareonthebusiness,what’syouradviceforsomeonetobecomeafashiondesigner?M:Gotoschool.Imeanit.Findagoodschoolandlearnasmuchasyoucan.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?A．Fashiondesigningisaboomingbusiness. B．Schoollearningisamustforfashiondesigners. C．Hehopestoattendagoodfashionschool. D．Thewomanshouldbecomeafashiondesigner.【答案】B.Schoollearningisamustforfashiondesigners.【解析】这是一道推理题。

从对话可知，男士的建议是设计师要找个好学校好好学习。

所以答案是B,学校教育是时装设计师必经之路。

关键词句：Gotoschool；Findagoodschoolandlearnasmuchasyoucan.10.W:Slowdown.Youarepassingeverycarontheroad.M:Mostdriversusuallyignorethespeedlimitunlesstheythinkthepolicewillstopthem. Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Fewpeopledrivewithinthespeedlimit.B.Driversusuallyobeytrafficrules.C.Thespeedlimitisreallyreasonable.D.Thepolicestopmostdriversforspeeding【答案】A.Fewpeopledrivewithinthespeedlimit.【解析】这是一道推理题。