高考英语阅读理解提分专练之记叙文

高考英语阅读理解提分专练之记叙文（一）British children's writer Roald Dahl ate chocolates and sweets “pretty much every mealtime”, remembers daughter Ophelia Dahl.After dinner, whether dining alone or entertaining guests, Dahl would pass around a little red plastic box full of Mars Bars, Milky Ways, Maltesers, Kit Kats and much more.He knew the history of all the sweets and could tell you exactly when they were invented. 1937 was a big year when Kit Kats (his favorite), Rolos and Smarties (his dog, chopper's favorite) were invented. He wrote a history of chocolate, lecturing schoolchildren to commit such dates to memory（熟记）, such as 1928 when “Cadbury's Fruit and Nut Bar popped up on the scene”, saying. “Don't bother with the Kings and Queens of England. All of you should learn these dates instead. Perhaps the Headmistress（女校长）will see from now on that it becomes part of the major teaching in this school.”According to Dahl, the Golden Years of Chocolate were 1930-1937. In 1930, Roald Dahl was 14 years old. He was a student at Repton, a famous boys' boarding school in England. It was a tough environment: those in authority were more interested in controlling than educating the students.Ironically（讽刺地）, it was at this difficult period that chocolate became Dahl's passion. Near Repton was a Cadbury chocolate factory. Every so often, Cadbury would send each schoolboy a sampler（样品）box of new chocolates to taste and grade. They were using the students---“the greatest chocolate bar experts in the world to test out their new inventions.This was when Dahl's imagination took flight. He pictured factories with inventing rooms with pots of chocolate and fudge（软糖）and “all sorts of other delicious fillings bubbling away on the stoves”.“It was lovely dreaming those dreams…when I was looking for a plot for my second book for children. I remembered those little cardboard boxes（纸盒）and the newly invented chocolates inside them, and I began to write a book called Charlie and the Chocolate Factory.”For the record, Roald Dahl did not like chocolate cake or chocolate ice cream. He said, “I prefer my chocolate straight.”（1）What's the purpose of the first paragraph?A. To introduce the main topic---Roald Dahl.B. To introduce Dahl's love for chocolate.C. To introduce main character's daily life.D. To introduce some important characters. （2）What can we infer from the passage about Roald Dahl?A. He treated himself with various chocolate after dinner secretly.B. He has a good knowledge of chocolate, especially its history.C. He used to lecture schoolchildren of a boys' boarding school.D. He only wrote some books related to the history of chocolate.（3）What happened during the Golden Years of Chocolate?A. It was a great time for children to get educated.B. Those years stopped Dahl's interest in chocolate.C. Students could become chocolate experts then.D. Roald Dahl's passion for chocolate was lit up then.（4）________ gave Roald Dahl inspiration to write Charlie and Chocolate Factory.A. the dream about chocolates.B. Factories with chocolate and fudge.C. Those boxes with chocolate.D. Chocolate cakes and ice cream（二）He was the baby with no name. Found and taken from the north Atlantic 6 days after the sinking of the Titanic in 1912, his tiny body so moved the salvage (救援) workers that they called him “our baby.” In their home port of Halifax, Nova Scotia, people collected money for a headstone in front of the baby's grave (墓), carved with the words: “To the memory of an unknown child.” He has r ested there ever since.But history has a way of uncovering its secrets. On Nov. 5, this year, three members of a family from Finland arrived at Halifax and laid fresh flowers at the grave. “This is our baby,” says Magda Schleifer, 68, a banker. She grew up hearing stories about a great-aunt named Maria Panula,42, who had sailed on the Titanic for America to be reunited with her husband. According to the information Mrs. Schleifer had gathered, Panula gave up her seat on a lifeboat to search for her five children -- including a 13-month-old boy named Eino from whom she had become separated during the final minutes of the crossing. "We thought they were all lost in the sea," says Schleifer.Now, using teeth and bone pieces taken from the baby's grave, scientists have compared theDNA from the Unknown Child with those collected from members of five families who lost relatives on the Titanic and never recovered the bodies. The result of the test points only to one possible person: young Eino. Now, the family sees no need for a new grave. "He belongs to the people of Halifax," says Schleifer, "They've taken care of him for 90 years."Adapted from People, November 25, 2002（1）The baby traveled on the Titanic with his __________.A. auntB. parentsC. motherD. relatives（2）What is probably the boy's last name?A. Schleiferi.B. PanulaC. Magda.D. Eino..（3）This text is mainly about how _________.A. the unknown baby's body was taken from the north AtlanticB. people found out who the unknown baby wasC. the unknown baby was buried in Halifax, Nova SotiaD. people took care of the unknown baby for 90 years（三）It is good to get in touch with your inner child from time to time，and obviously some people are willing to pay big money for the chance to do so in a proper environment．A Brooklyn-based adult preschool is charging customers between $333 and $999 for the chance to act like a kid again．At Preschool Mastermind in New York adults get to participate in show—and—tell，arts—and—crafts such as finger paint，games like musical chairs and even take naps．The month-long course also has class picture day where the adults are expected to have a field trip and a parent day．30-year-old Michelle Joni Lapidos，the brain behind the adult preschool，studied childhood education and has always wanted to be a preschool teacher．She's always on the lookout for new ways to get people in touch with the freedom of childhood．A friend encouraged her to start the mastermind course instead．According to Candice，her blogger friend，Preschool Mastermind gives adults a chance to relearn and master the things that they failed to understand as children．“I realized all the significances of what we learn in preschool，”said founder Michelle Joni，“People come here andget in touch with their inner child．It's magical．We are bringing ourselves back to another place，another time with ourselves when we are more believing in ourselves，more confident and ready to take on the world.”“One person's here because they want to learn not to be so serious．”Michelle sa id．“Another's here to learn to be more confident.” She explained that most of the classes were planned．However，Joni added that while the planned activities were fun，it was often the spontaneous(自发的) moments that attracted students．“It's the things you don't plan for，the sharing between friends and learning from each other.''（1）What is the purpose of Preschool Mastermind?A. To give adults a chance to return to childhood．B. To help parents understand their children better．C. To provide practical training courses for teachers．D. To introduce some ways of playing with children．（2）What is mainly discussed about Preschool Mastermind in Paragraph 2 ?A. Its customers．B. Its activities．C. Its environment．D. Its schedule. （3）According to Candice，people come to this program to________.A. enjoy freedom of thinkingB. realize their childhood dreamsC. discover their inner abilitiesD. figure out childhood puzzles（4）What do we know about Michelle Joni?A. She used to be a preschool teacher．B. She likes to make plans in advance．C. She founded Preschool Mastermind．D. She gained confidence by sharing．（四）On a Friday night, a poor young artist stood at the gate of the New York railway station, playing his violin. The music was so great that many people stopped to put some money into the hat of the young man.The next day, the young artist came to the same place, and put his hat on the ground gracefully. Different from the day before, he took out a large piece of paper and laid it under his hat. Then he began to play the violin. It sounded more pleasant than ever.Soon he was surrounded with people who were attracted by the words on that paper. It said, “Last night, a gentleman named George Sang put an important thing into my hat by mistake.Please come to claim (认领) it soon.”After about half an hour, a middle-aged man rushed through the crowd to the violinist and said, “Yes, it's you. I knew that you were an honest man and would certainly come here.” The young violinist asked calmly, “Are you Mr George Sang?” The man nodded. The violinist asked, “Did you lose something?”“It's a lottery ticket,” said the man. The violinist took out a lottery ticket on which George Sang's name was seen. “Is it?” he asked. George nodded and took the lottery ticket and kissed it, then danced with the violinist.The violinist was a student at an arts college and had planned to attend advanced studies in Vienna. Later his classmate asked the violinist, “At that time you needed money to pay the tuition and you had to play the violin in the railway station every day to make money. Why didn't you keep the lottery ticket for yourself?”The violinist said, “Although I don't have much money, I live happily. But if I lose honesty I won't be happy forever.” Through our lives, we can gain a lot and lose so much. But being honest should always be with us.（1）What did the young artist do at the railway station on Friday?A. He played the violin to make some money.B. He waited for the train to Vienna.C. He came to buy a train ticket to Vienna.D. He walked around the New York railway station. （2）Which sentence below best explains the underlined sentence in paragraph two?A. Because the violinist loved to play the violin at the station.B. Because the violinist felt happy when people surrounded him.C. Because the artist felt happier when he did a good thing.D. Because he felt happy to attend advanced studies.（3）According to the words on the paper, which sentence below is TRUE?A. It asked a gentleman named George Sang to claim his hat.B. It asked a gentleman named George Sang to claim his important thing.C. It was a lottery ticket and he needed to find the owner.D. It was a lottery ticket and the owner is unknown.（4）The artist didn't take the lottery ticket for himself because he ____.A. chose to be honestB. didn't need the moneyC. thought the lottery was worth nothingD. was afraid of blame if he kept it for himself（5）From this article, we can learn that ____.A. we should share with others if we find something valuableB. we should know the importance of honesty and lead a happy lifeC. keep the lottery if you find oneD. playing the violin could make you feel happy（五）Discovery’s astronauts arrived to an exciting celebration Wednesday as nearly 700 people crowded an airplane storage place, waving flags and holding signs that read: “Welcome Home, Astronauts!”The seven-person team returned to Earth on Tuesday after being the first to take a space shuttle into orbit since the Columbia disaster（灾难）of 2003.“In the last two and a half years, we have been through the very worst that manned s pace flight can bring us, and over the past two weeks we have seen the very best,” NASA Administrator Michael Griffin told the astronauts and their families and fans Wednesday.The crowd waved American flags for the U.S. astronauts and Japanese flags for crew member Soichi Noguchi, one of the spacewalkers.“As a rookie（新手）astronaut, I could not ask for more,” Noguchi said, “We had three spacewalks, two extra days in spac e and one great team.”While the homecoming has been filled with excitement for what mission controllers declared a “truly spectacular test flight”, uncertainty remains for the future of the shuttle program.Shortly after Discovery rose up into space July 26, a nearly 1-pound large piece of foam insulation（泡沫绝缘材料）fell from the fuel tank-the very thing that was supposed to have been fixed after Columbia exploded. The foam missed Discovery, but NASA grounded all shuttle flights until engineers fix the problem.NASA ground crews examined Discovery after its return from orbit and found it in good condition, an official said Wednesday at NASA‟s Dryden Flight Research Center at Edwards Air Force Base in California.Technicians counted 101 dings and divots, including 20 that were larger than 1 inch. Schaaf Dean, landing support group chief, said the numbers were similar to the results of other shuttle, post-landing examinations.A beginning examination of the shuttle’s thermal（热的）blanket showed it remained undamaged during re-en-try into the Earth’s air.(Agencies)（1）The seven astronauts .A. are the first to take a space shuttle into orbitB. took the Columbia into spaceC. returned to earth safelyD. are Americans（2）According to the text, the NASA officials think .A. the flight of Discovery is a failureB. manned space flight has been through the best in the pastC. the flight of Discovery is a successD. the astronauts are national heroes（3）When the Discovery took off, .A. the fuel tank burnedB. a piece of foam insulation fellC. the safety belt is not fixedD. it knocked into the Columbia（4）The underlined word “grounded” means .A. (of a boat) hit the bottom of a sea and be unable to moveB. to cause a boat to hit the bottom of a sea or lakeC. to prevent a plane or person from flyingD. to be based on something（六）It was a weeknight. We were a half dozen guys in our late teens, hanging around “the flat” —as usual. The flat was poorly furnished, which, after some time, grew tiresome. We wanted action.We got in a car, big enough for all of us to crowd into —and off we went, in search of adventure. We soon found ourselves at Blue Gum Corner, a place named after the huge old blue gum tree that stood by there, a well-known local landmark. It stands at a minor crossroad leading to our town. The trunk is tall and smooth with no handholds for climbing. About six metres from the ground the first branch sticks out over the road. We parked beneath the huge old tree and discussed what we might do. All of a sudden we hit upon an idea — a hanging! I was chosen as “hangee”.The plan was quite simple. As I stood upon the roof of the car, the rope (绳子) was threaded down my jacket through my collar and down one leg of my jeans. I put my foot through the loopat the bottom. There I hung, still. The boys rolled about laughing until, a car, I hear a car! Before they ran to hide in the nearby field, they gave me a good push so that “the body” would swing as the car drove by.To our disappointment, the car simply turned off for town without even slowing. The boys came out of their hiding places and we discussed the situation. Surely they had seen me, hadn't they? Then we heard another car. The act was repeated, but still without any obvious reaction. We played the game about five or six times, but as no one seemed to notice, we abandoned the trick.What we did not know was that every car that had passed had unquestionably seen “the body” and each one, too scared to stop, had driven directly to the local Police Station. Now at that time of the night, the local policeman was sound asleep in his bed, so the first person sent to the scene was the traffic officer that happened to be on duty that particular night. He had been informed that some person had been killed, by hanging, at Blue Gum Corner. When he arrived, the body was gone! And he was hearing “unnatural sounds” from the surrounding area. As far as he knew, some fierce animal was hiding in the field before him, possibly dragging a body behind him — and we thought we were scared!He went to his radio and made a call that really began to worry us. I lay so close that I could hear every word. He called for the “armed police” and a “dog team, better make it two” and he had a “serious situation” at Blue Gum Corner. Then the police officer arrived. After a briefing from the traffic officer he decided not to go into the field until armed police and dog teams arrived. Now two spotlights were on the field and none of us could move.As luck would have it, police cars cannot leave their spotlights on all night without charging their batteries. So, after a time, the two officers began lightening the field by turns, allowing us the opportunity to move on our fours for freedom. One by one, we all managed to steal away and make our way home. Behind us we left what must have looked like a small city of lights, police cars, roadblocks, barking dogs, armed officers and an old rope hanging from a tree.When I think back to that night, to that tree, to what the drivers of the cars think happened, to what police believe happened, and to what I know happened, I am reminded of a simple truth —our eyes see darkness and light, color and movement, our ears hear only vibrations (振动) in the air. It is how we explain these vivid pictures that shapes our “reality”.（1）The boys made the “hanging” plan in order to ______.A. make a fool of the policeB. draw public attentionC. seek fun and excitementD. practise acting skills（2）Seeing that no car passing by stopped, the boys must have felt ______.A. discouragedB. proudC. annoyedD. confident （3）Why was the traffic officer sent to the scene of “hanging”?A. Because a fierce animal kept the traffic in disorder.B. Because the local policeman was not available at that time.C. Because some naughty kids were playing a terrifying game.D. Because many scared drivers turned directly to him for help.（4）The boys managed to escape from the field when ______.A. the two police cars were being chargedB. the police officer was taking over the dutyC. the traffic officer was making a call for helpD. the two spotlights were not working together（5）What is conveyed in the passage?A. Actions speak louder than words.B. The truth lies beneath the surface.C. Experience is the best teacher.D. To see is to believe.（6）What would be the best title for the passage?A. Blue Gum TreeB. A Body Found HangingC. Escape to FreedomD. A Disappointing Experience（七）I read somewhere that we spend a full third of our lives waiting. But where are we doing all of this waiting, and what does it mean to an impatient society like ours? To understand the issue, let's take a look at three types of “waits”.The very purest form of waiting is the Watched-Pot Wait. It is without doubt the most annoying of all. Take filling up the kitchen sink(洗碗池) as an example. There is absolutely nothing you can do while this is going on but keep both eyes fixed on the sink until it's full. During these waits, the brain slips away from the body and wanders about until the water runs over the edge of the counter and onto your socks. This kind of wait makes the waiter helpless and mindless.A cousin to the Watched-Pot Wait is the Forced Wait. This one requires a bit of discipline.Properly preparing packaged noodle soup requires a Forced Wait. Directions are very specific. “Bring three cups of water to boil, add mix, simmer three minutes, remove from heat, let stand five minutes.”I have my doubts that anyone has actually followed the procedures strictly. After all, Forced Waiting requires patience.Perhaps the most powerful type of waiting is the Lucky-Break Wait. This type of wait is unusual in that it is for the most part voluntary. Unlike the Forced Wait, which is also voluntary, waiting for your lucky break does not necessarily mean that it will happen.Turning one's life into a waiting game requires faith and hope, and is strictly for the optimists among us. On the surface it seems as ridiculous as following the directions on soup mixes, but the Lucky-Break Wait well serves those who are willing to do it. As long as one doesn't come to rely on it, wishing for a few good things to happen never hurts anybody.We certainly do spend a good deal of our time waiting. The next time you're standing at the sink waiting for it to fill while cooking noodle soup that you'll have to eat until a large bag of cash falls out of the sky, don't be desperate. You're probably just as busy as the next guy.（1）While doing a Watched-Pot Wait, we tend to ___________.A. keep ourselves busyB. get absent-mindedC. grow anxiousD. stay focused （2）What is the difference between the Forced Wait and the Watched-Pot Wait?\A. The Forced Wait requires some self-control.B. The Forced Wait makes people passive.C. The Watched-Pot Wait needs directions.D. The Watched-Pot Wait engages body and brain.（3）What can we learn about the Lucky-Break Wait?A. It is less voluntary than the Forced Wait.B. It doesn't always bring the desired result.C. It is more fruitful than the Forced Wait.D. It doesn't give people faith and hope.（4）What does the author advise us to do the next time we are waiting?A. Take it seriously.B. Don't rely on others.C. Do something else.D. Don't lose heart. （5）The author supports his view by _________.A. exploring various causes of “waits”.B. describing detailed processes of “waits”.C. analyzing different categories of “waits”D. revealing frustrating consequences o f “waits”（八）Surviving Hurricane Sandy(飓风桑迪)Natalie Doan, 14, has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway, New York. Living just a few blocks from the beach, Natalie can see the ocean and hear the wave from her house. “It's the ocean that makes Rockaway so special, ” she says.On October 29, 2012, that ocean turned fierce. That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast, and Rockaway was hit especially hard. Fortunately, Natalie's family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city's bridge closed.When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in ruins. Many of Natalie's friends had lost their homes and were living far away. All around her, people were suffering, especially the elderly. Natalie's school was so damaged that she had to temporarily(临时地，暂时地) attend a school in Brooklyn.In the following few days, the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie. V olunteers came with carloads of donated clothing and toys. Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild. Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high-rise buildings.“My mom tells me that I can't control what happens to me,” Natalie says. “but I can a lways choose how I deal with it. ”Natalie's choice was to help.She created a website page matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help. Natalie posted introduction about a boy named Patrick, who lost his baseball card collecting when his house burned down. Within days, Patrick's collection was replaced.In the coming months, her website page helped lots of kids: Christopher, who received a new basketball; Charlie, who got a new keyboard. Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring much-need supplies to Rockaway. Her efforts made her a famous person. Last April, she was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change.Today, the scars(创痕)of destruction are still seen in Rockaway, but hope is in the air. The streets are clear, and many homes have been rebuilt. “I can't imagine living anywhere but Rockaway, ” Natalie declares. “My neighborhood will be back, even stronger than before. ”（1）When Natalie returned to Rockaway after the hurricane , she found______.A. her neighborhood was seriously damagedB. some friends had lost their livesC. her school had moved to BrooklynD. the elderly were free from suffering（2）According to paragraph 4, who inspired Natalie most?A. The people helping Rockaway rebuild.B. The people trapped in high-rise building.C. The volunteers donating money to survivors.D. Local teenagers bringing clothing to elderly people.（3）How did Natalie help the survivors?A. She gave her toys to the kids.B. She took care of younger children.C. She called on the White House to help.D. She built an information sharing platform. （4）What does the story intend to tell us?A. East or West, home is best.B. A friend in need is a friend indeed.C. Little people can make a big difference.D. Technology is power.（九）I stood in a noisy group of sixth grade students, waiting for the answer to our burning question: What type of crazy tie would Mr. Miller be wearing today?Our teacher walked around the comer with a GREEN ELEPHANT TIE that matched his large elephant coffee cup! Oh, the satisfaction in our young hearts—a green elephant tie!With his glasses at the tip of his nose, he greeted us cheerfully, “Good morning, folks!” He was strange and unique and he brightened every day for us. He was the most dynamic teacher I had ever met.I loved music, so I remember how excited I was when he said he was going to give us music lessons. But when he turned on the music, my classmates and I slowly turned our heads toward the sound of… Feter Paul and Mary singing “If I Had a Hammer”.Snickers（窃笑）filled the room. If it wasn't rap or hip hop, we didn't recognize it. What were these people singing about? My classmates were not into this at all. But for me, a girl of 12, it was a discovery. An awakening.Twenty years passed and now there are forty little eyes staring at my wild musical-note shirts as I greet them with a joyful, “Good morning, class!” I wonder if my students wait and wonder what crazy music clothes I will wear each day.I glance at my 2015 Teacher of the Year Award, which I received for being a dynamic teacherAnd I smile to myself, wondering which child in front of me will carry this on－as I've carried on the legacy（遗产）of Mr. Miller.One teacher, who dared to be different and open new worlds to kids like me, threw the significant stone into the pond of my life. I pray the ripples（涟漪）never end.（1）What can we infer about Mr. Miller?A. He was an animal protector.B. He didn't take his work seriously.C. He often dressed up in an unusual way.D. He often asked his students burning questions.（2）How did the author react to the song “If I Had a Hammer”?A. Puzzled.B. Disappointed.C. Uninterested.D. Excited. （3）What does the underlined word “this” in the text refer to?A. A kind heart.B. The smile.C. A gift for music.D. The love for teaching. （4）What is the author's purpose in writing this text?A. To prove her love for music.B. To show a teacher's effect on her.C. To call on students to take up teaching.D. To share her experience in music learning.（十）When Tom Szaky sees a juice container thrown away, he doesn't see rubbish, but he sees a pencil case. Sweet wrappers? A beautiful kite! But these are not the imaginings of a dreamer. For the 28-year-old CEO of Trenton, New Jersey-based TerraCycle, they're a business model.The fast-talking Szaky is leading the new industry of upcycling（升级改造）. Instead of recycling (shredding or breaking down materials and enabling them to be reproduced as other products), TerraCycle takes packaging headed for landfills（废物填埋地）and reuses it - more or less whole. TerraCycle's 85 employees make nearly 200 products, sold at shops such as Petco, Kmart, Whole Foods Market, and Target.Szaky's $7.4 million company, now also moving ahead in Mexico, Canada, the United Kingdom and Brazil, is quite different from the business he founded with classmate Jon Beyer in 2002 as a freshman at Princeton University. The two entered a business competition with a plan to sell organic plant fertilizers made from worm waste. They lost the competition, but started the business anyway.With their goal - to make products entirely out of rubbish - suddenly clear, Szaky knew the。