2016考研英语：易混词汇辨析
2016考研英语,这些词汇你分得清吗？
2016考研英语，这些词汇你分得清吗？在考研英语复习过程中，考生面临一个非常棘手的问题，即超难易混词汇的辨析。
而考研英语知识应用（俗称“完型填空”）着重考察近义词和形近词的辨析。
凯程教育为广大考生提供了高频考察词汇的辨析，希望能够为广大考生助一臂之力。
1、affiliate, link, attach都有“附加”的意思，用法不同。
Affiliate v.加入，成为……一部分。
E.g.This middle school is affiliated to the university.这所中学附属于那所大学。
Link v.将人或物连接起来。
E.g.Television stations around the world are linked by satellite.全世界的电视台通过卫星联系一起。
Attach v.将某物系在、贴在、附在另一物上，一般与to连用。
E.g. With the skin gone, to what can the hair attach itself.皮之不存，毛将焉附?2、affirm, assert, allege, claim, announce, proclaim这一组动词都有“声称”的意思。
Affirm v.坚信不疑地肯定或宣称，是deny的反义词。
E.g.Everything I had accomplished seemed to affirm that opinion.我所做成的每件事似乎都证实了那个观点。
Assert v.指不管事实如何，主观自信地宣称，或者清楚有力地坚持某个情况为事实。
E.g.The republics began asserting their right to govern themselves.各共和国开始坚持他们自治的权利。
Allege v.在无真凭实据的情况下宣称、断定。
E.g.The newspapers allege that the police shot the suspect without warning.报纸指称警察未经示警就枪杀那位嫌疑犯。
考研英语易混词汇
同义词辨析1.assess，estimate, appraise, evaluate对客体的重要性形成定论，评估，估算，评价【辨析】estimate [ˈestimeit]暗示评价的主观性和不精确appraise [əˈpreɪz] 表示专业水准的评估,名词appraisalassess [əˈses]表示为确定某物的应税价值而做出的权威估价evaluate [iˈvæljueit]表示在确定价值时经过了深思熟虑，不一定是金钱价值2. assume, suppose假定, 设想，担任; 承担; 接受【辨析】suppose [səˈpəuz]最不正式，表示根据一定证据做出的见解，assume [əˈsju:m] 用于逻辑推理，强调一种缺乏证据的结论，以检验某种建议。
3. consistent, persistent【辨析】consistent [kənˈsistənt]表明持之以恒，表明一种好的意志品质persistent [pəˈsistənt]也有坚持的含义，但有时表明顽固不化。
4．create，compose, invent, design, produce, manufacture创造, 创作, 引起, 造成【辨析】create [kriˈeit]指“ 创造出原来不存在或与众不同的事物”, compose [kəmˈpəuz]指“ 创作(诗、画、音乐或文章等)”com是在一起，manufacture [ˌmænjuˈfæktʃə]强调大规模制造5．evident, apparently.明显, 显著, 明白, 迹象【辨析】evident [ˈevidənt]指明显的有根据，所以表达作者的赞成apparently [əˈpærəntlɪ] 指看起来的明显，但事实并非如此，经常是假象。
6．factors，element, ingredient.因素,要素,因数【辨析】factor [ˈfæktə] 具有数学及解析意味,是一个整体的成分；element [ˈelimənt] 强调这一部分是基础性的,不可或缺的，如元素；ingredient [inˈɡri:djənt]只是表明构成一种混合物的成分。
2016考研英语历年真题高频词汇、辨析精华总结(直接背诵版).pdf
2016考研英语历年真题完形填空阅读理解高频词汇、辨析精华总结（直接背诵版）一、完形填空词组及固定搭配常考汇总1 a host of 大量2 a test for 检测目的3 a test on 对……进行测试4 a test with 检测手段5 above all 最重要的;7 achieve equilibrium 取得平衡11 act on 遵照┄行动，作用于；12 act on 对…有影响13 add up to 总计，合计14add… to 把…加到….15adhere to 坚持，奉行；16after all 毕竟，均不合题意；17agree on 对……取得一致意见18agree to 同意19along with 和┄一道,和┄一起;20alternate (with)交替；21amount to 合计,共计;22an equal to 与……相当的人/物，(地位)相同的人23and yet 然而24anything but 一点也不；25anything like 像……那样的东西26anywhere near 接近于27apart form 除……之外尚有28apply to 向……申请，适用于29appreciation of 对……的欣赏/赞赏30argue against 反对34 as a whole 作为一个整体，整个看来35 as far as …/are concerned 就……而言36as for 至于，就…方面说37as soon as 一~就~ 38as though 好像，仿佛39as to 至于，关于；40as yet 迄今，到目前为止41aside from 除┄之外;42association with 与……的交往43at a disadvantage 处于不利地位44at a loss 不知所措45at a time 每次，一次46at any moment 即使，随时。
2016考研英语之易混词汇(2)
英语中有很多词汇表达的意思相近，但是用法却有所不同，这是很多同学容易搞混的地方。
参加2016考研的同学们，在复习考研英语的时候，一定要注意区分那些容易混淆的英语词汇。
为了帮助各位同学更轻松地复习考研英语，作者特别为大家整理了"2016考研英语易混淆词汇辨析"，以助大家搞定英语词汇。
1、abundant, plentiful这两个形容词都有"充足的"之意。
abundant a. (数量)充足的，常用于人、物产、资源、雨量等，含有"过多"之意。
E.g. Oil is in abundant supply in this country.这个国家石油供应十分充裕。
plentiful a. 丰富的，充足的，常用于食物、收获、财产等，不能用于时间、空间、思想等方面。
E.g. Eggs are plentiful at this moment.现在鸡蛋很多。
2、accent, tone, dialect这三个名词意思相近，容易混淆。
accent n. 口音，指某一地区语言的发音特征;重音。
E.g. He speaks English with a Spanish accent.他讲英语带有西班牙口音。
tone n. 语气，音调，指说话人的口气或声音的高低、轻重等。
E.g. He speaks to his baby in soft tones.他用柔和的语调和他的婴儿说话。
dialect n. 方言，土语，地方话，指一个地区人们所使用的语言。
E.g. the Yorkshire dialect约克郡方言the Sichuan dialect 3、access, assess这两个词为一组"形近易混词"。
access n. 接近，进入。
E.g. The people living in these apartments have free access to that swimming pool. 住在这些公寓里的人可以免费地进入游泳池。
2016年考研英语冲刺之易混淆词汇汇总
2016年考研英语冲刺之_易混淆词汇汇总第一级常见近义词1.adherence和adhesion这两个词都是“粘附的”意思。
adherence用于比喻的意思。
例如：His adherence to the strict letter of the law.adhesion是指物质上的。
2. adjacent，adjoining，和contiguous这些词都有next to“紧挨”的意思。
adjacent“毗邻的，邻近的”，但它们可能并不相互直接接触。
adjoining和contiguous指相互接触，通常之间有一个edge或boundary。
3.admission和admittance它们都有“the act of entering”的意思。
但admission用于公共场合。
The price of admission to the gallery is￡5.admittance不指公共场合，一般指私人的住所。
4. adopted和adoptiveadopted“收养的，过继的”an adopted son (daughter)养子(女)；my adopted countryy我所入籍的国家; adopted words外来语。
adoptive“收养的”，我们说adoptive parents,但很少说adoptive child;“采用的”，“假冒的”an adoptive courage假充勇敢。
5.averse和adverseadverse“不利的，反对的”，用于事，不用于人。
adverse weather conditions ; an adverse reaction.avers e“嫌恶的，反对的，不乐意的”，常和“to”一起使用，而且用否定形式。
6.advise和adviceadvise“劝告”(动词)；advice“劝告”(名词)。
7.affect和effectaffect“影响”，它的第二个意思是“假装”,Though she affectesindifference, I knew she was really very upset.effect n.“结果”，“效力”。
2016考研英语：易混词汇辨析
2016考研英语：易混词汇辨析1、apparent, evident, manifest, obvious, distinct这一组形容词都有"明显的"之意。
apparent a.明显的，显而易见的，尤指容易观察或认识到的事物。
E.g. It has been apparent that in other areas standards have held up well.显然，这些标准在其他地区执行得很好。
evident a.明白的，明显的，与apparent基本同意，多用于推理或由事实证明的事物。
E.g. The threat of inflation is already evident in bond prices.通货膨胀的危险在证券价格上已经表现得很明显。
manifest a.清楚的，明显的，多指根据外部特征或迹象便能看出或了解其意义，常作表语。
E.g. Fear was manifest on her face. 她脸上显露出惧怕的神情。
obvious a.明显的，显而易见的，含有无可辩白，不需证明之意。
E.g. It's obvious that you need more time to think. 显然你需要更多时间来思考。
distinct a.清楚的，明显的;不同的，独特的。
修饰性质明显不同的东西。
E.g. The lighthouse beam was quite distinct in the gathering dusk.灯塔的光束在渐浓的暮色中清晰可见。
2、applaud, clap, commend, praiseapplaud v.鼓掌，赞扬，指因精湛表演或某种行为得到别人的赞许，大声叫好或热烈鼓掌。
E.g. Every person stood to applaud his unforgettable act of courage.所有人起立为他不可磨灭的英勇之举鼓掌。
考研英语听力考试中容易混淆的词语及其表达法
考研英语听力考试中容易混淆的词语及其表达法1） a big time：尽兴，高兴的时刻e.g. I had a big time there.the big time：第一流，最高级e.g. Don’t worry, you are in the big time now.2）according to：按照，根据e.g. They were commended or criticized according to their work. according as：随……而定e.g. The thermometer rises or falls according as the air is hot or cold. 3）admit to：承认e.g. I have to admit to a dislike for modern music.admit sb.(in) to：允许某人进入某地或加入某组织、行业e.g. They have admitted me into their club.4）all for：完全赞成e.g. I am all for holding a me eting to discuss it.for all：尽管e.g. They could not open the box for all their forces.5）all in all：总的说来e.g. All in all, it is a success.all in：疲倦，筋疲力尽e.g. He was all in, but he stuck it out.6）as it is (was)：照目前的情况来看e.g. As it is, we shall be able t o complete our task in time.as it were：可以说，姑且这样说e.g. He is, as it were, a walking dictionary.7）as much as：几乎，实际上e.g. By running away he as much as admitted that he had taken the money.as much…as：与……一样多e.g. It is as much our responsibility as yours.8）as well：也，还是……为好e.g. He gave me advice, and money as well.Since you have begun to do it, you may as well finish it.as well as：不仅……而且，除……之外e.g. With television, we see a picture as well as hearing sound.Small towns as well as big cities are being ra pidly industrialized.9）at one time从前某个时期e.g. At one time, we met frequentl y.at a time：每次，一次e.g. You can borrow only two books at a time.10）attach to：属于，归因于e.g. No blame attaches to him.attach oneself to：参加，加入e.g. He attached himself to the group of climbers.11）be a credit to：为……增光e.g. I hope you will be a credit to your school.do credit to：为……增进荣誉e.g. This piece of work does credit to you.12）bear in mind：记住e.g. I hope you will bear in mind all I am saying.have in mind：考虑e.g. Don’t give your confidence to others regarding the plan you have in mind.13）begin with：以……为起点e.g. He advised me to begin with something easy.to begin with：首先e.g. To begin with, we must consider the problem from all sides.14）build up：逐步建成，增强e.g. They are trying hard to build up an independent economy.He went for an ocean voyage and built up his health.build on：以……为基础，依赖e.g. Let’s build on your idea.We shall build on your supporting us.15）by day：在白天e.g. Most of them work by day and study by night.by the day：（指工作报酬等）按日计算e.g. Will you pay me by the day or by the hour?16）can but只好……罢了e.g. We can but try to make him see how unreasonable he has been. cannot but：不得不，禁不住e.g. I cannot but tell her the truth.(=I cannot help telling her the truth) 17）come forth：出现，发行e.g. Many new things are coming forth..Do you know that a set of new stamps has come forth?come forward：自告奋勇，提出供讨论They have come forward with an offer to help.The matter was deferred at last evening’s meeting, but will come forward at our next session.18）compare …to比拟（指出其中的相似点）e.g. Man’s life is often compared to a candle.compare …with：把……和……相比（指出其不同之处）e.g. He compared his camera with mine.19）consist in：包含在……中e.g. Happiness consists in good health.consist of：由……组成e.g. The apartment c onsisted of two rooms and a kitchen.20）end on：两端相碰，正对e.g. The two ships collided each other end on.We shouldn’t place the bicycles end on.on end：竖着，连续地，不断地e.g. Place the box on end.She often works for 20 hours on end.21）familiar to：某事为某人熟知e.g. There were facts not familiar to me.familiar with：熟悉或通晓某事e.g. He is familiar with English, German and French..22) feel for sb.：同情某人，为某人难过e.g. I feel for you in your sorrow.feel for sth：（用手、脚、棍子等）摸索，寻找某物e.g. She felt under the pillow for her watch.23) for a moment：片刻，一会儿e.g. She was silent for a moment, weighing in her mind the pros and cons.for the moment：此刻、暂时e.g. I cannot recall his name for the moment.24) get down：下去，下来；写下来e.g. The bus was so jammed that I could not get down.Here’s the telephone number I got down for you.get down to：认真着手进行处理e.g. It is no good shirking the job, it will have to be got down to.25) get into trouble with sb.：遭到某人的（训斥等）e.g. Poor Tom is always getting into trouble with the boss.get sb. into trouble：使某人陷入困境e.g. The letter got me into trouble.26) give sb. a hand：帮助某人或参与某人做某事e.g. Give me a hand with the cleaning, please.give sb. one’s hand：与某人握手e.g. She gave me her hand and wished me a good trip.27) go through：检查，搜查；通过，穿过e.g. They went through our luggage at the customs.It took us a whole week to go through the great forest.go through with：把……坚持到底e.g. We should go through with the experiment now we’ve started.28) good for：有益于e.g. This book is good for your English study.for good：永久地e.g. The lost money was gone for good.29) have a fancy for：爱好，喜爱e.g. She has a fancy for nice clothes.have a fancy that：猜想，认为e.g. I have a fancy that he will come tonight.30) head up：领头；领导e.g. A band headed up the parade.Mr. Jones will head up the new business.heads up：注意，小心e.g. Heads up, now! You can do better than that.31) in a way：在某种程度上e.g. In a way, it is an important book.in the way：妨碍，挡路I will visit you next weekend if there is nothing in the way.32) in black：穿黑色衣服e.g. Arabian women are always dressed in black clothes.in the black：赢利，赚钱New production methods put the company in the black.33) in charge of：负责e.g. Who is in charge of this work?in the charge of：照护e.g. The patients are in the charge of the nurse.34) in hand：控制e.g. There was a little riot ing, but the police soon had the situation in hand.hand in：递交，交给e.g. He handed in his resignation in protest against it.35) in one’s honor：向……表示敬意或感谢e.g. The day was kept as a holiday in honor of victory.on one’s honor：用人格担保e.g. We were on our honor not to cheat on the exam.36) in possession of：占有e.g. He is in possession of this house.in the possession of：被占有e.g. The keys are in the possession of the door keeper.37) in spirit：在内心，在精神上e.g. In spirit, at least, these laws were very fair.in spirits：情绪或心情（好、坏等）e.g. He is in poor spirits because of his failing in the exam.38) keep up：继续，保持e.g. They entered into a correspondence which was kept up for almost ten years.keep up with：与……齐步前进，跟上e.g. With their help, he has kept up with the class.39) look about：环视e.g. He looked about him with great interest.look about for：四处寻找e.g. She was looking about for the key she had just lost.40) look up：向上看e.g. He looked up and nodded to me.look up to：尊敬e.g. It must be rewarding to be looked up to by so m any people.41) make one’s way：开路e.g. As soon as he saw us, the teacher made his way through the crowd to greet us.make one’s way to：向……走去e.g. In the evening we made our way to the appointed meeting place.42) measure to：测量到某一精度e.g. Measure this part t o mm.measure up to：够得上，可以匹敌e.g. The new techniques measure up to advanced world standard.43) more than：很，非常e.g. He was more than upset by the accident.more…than：比……更e.g. I regarded her more highl y than me.44) much as：虽然e.g. Much as I should like to go, I can’t go right now.as much：同样的或同样多少的e.g. You have always helped me and I will always do as much for you.45. no less than：不亚于，竟达……之多e.g. There were no less than one hundred people at the meeting.not less than：不比……差，至少e.g. There were not less t han one hundred people at the meeting.请大家注意区分以上两句的差别，第一句是指“竟达100人之多”，第二句则是“至少有100人”，要明白no less than是一种强调说法，它和not less than的区别在于事先假定的程度或是数量有所不同，no less than在某种意义上说来没有超过的意思，而not less than 可能会超过，这种表达方式正好与no more than以及not more than 相反。
考研英语易混词与易错点
考研英语易混词与易错点同义☐Free theme=unfocused☐slimmer=less☐trivial=little☐count much = vital=matter☐destructive =disastrous☐obsession=be fascinated☐Misconception= misunderstanding☐tricky=thorny=tough=difficult=insuper able= trying☐tedious=boring=dull（而不是amusing）☐Outrage=anger☐inspection视察（词根：spect, spic, specul= to look, to see）☐alleviatio n≈ease减缓、缓和☐l ose one’s cool ≈lose one's temper☐ a dearth of=a lack of☐rollout=debut首次亮相☐examine检查;审查;≈supervise ☐区别☐vague模糊=blurry（区别：vicious恶毒的）☐see little different on=在…上没有什么变化≠be indifferent不关心☐public relationship≠interpersonal relationship☐honorably体面地≠loyal 忠诚的☐retain留下（与retrain区分）积极消极辨析：☐Objective客观的☐objection 拒绝☐object 目标;物体n./拒绝v.☐positive 积极的☐passive 消极的☐negative消极的词义☐Critics 评论家☐Reaffirm重申☐Securing固定、保护、使安全☐deceptiveness虚伪☐shared effort共同努力（collective）☐small talk 是寒暄的意思☐skip 跳过☐literally确实地; (加强即使字面意义并不真实的词语)☐an alternative to B——B的替代方案☐regulator监管者（regulation章程）☐wading into 涉入（wade蹚）☐push 有逼迫的意思☐Emerge（摆脱；出现）from☐Peer pressure 同行压力☐Struggle for 为…奋斗☐Integrity 正直☐Institutions 机构☐unsettling令人不安的upset沮丧的☐niche商机☐premium 高昂的；优质的☐engender 产生☐intervention 干涉☐confounding variable混杂变量读题：1.原因：“for”“to”“as a condition o f A，XXdo B”作为…的条件（XX做B的原因是A）2.题目following，分清：“下列选项”& “文章接下来会说什么”3.infer（推断）：原文说“hold on”需要进一步思考再做决策时，即最终态度未知，明确态度谨慎选择，优先选“生死未卜”类，如:may be affected4.题干有两个定位词，定位范围要扩大。
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在考研英语复习过程中，考生面临一个非常棘手的问题，即超难易混词汇的辨析。
而考研英语知识运用(俗称“完型填空”)着重考察近义词和形近词的辨析。
尚考考研为广大考生提供了高频考察词汇的辨析，供参考。
尚考考研辅导老师根据多年的考研辅导经验，结合英语考试大纲，以及历年真题命题特点，向广大考生推荐以下考研英语知识运用。
1、apparent，evident，manifest，obvious，distinct这一组形容词都有“明显的”之意。
apparent a.明显的，显而易见的，尤指容易观察或认识到的事物。
E.g. It has been apparent that in other areas standards have held up well.显然，这些标准在其他地区执行得很好。
evident a.明白的，明显的，与apparent基本同意，多用于推理或由事实证明的事物。
E.g. The threat of inflation is already evident in bond prices.通货膨胀的危险在证券价格上已经表现得很明显。
manifest a.清楚的，明显的，多指根据外部特征或迹象便能看出或了解其意义，常作表语。
E.g. Fear was manifest on her face. 她脸上显露出惧怕的神情。
obvious a.明显的，显而易见的，含有无可辩白，不需证明之意。
E.g. It's obvious that you need more time to think. 显然你需要更多时间来思考。
distinct a.清楚的，明显的;不同的，独特的。
修饰性质明显不同的东西。
E.g. The lighthouse beam was quite distinct in the gathering dusk.灯塔的光束在渐浓的暮色中清晰可见。
2、applaud，clap，commend，praiseapplaud v.鼓掌，赞扬，指因精湛表演或某种行为得到别人的赞许，大声叫好或热烈鼓掌。
E.g. Every person stood to applaud his unforgettable act of courage.所有人起立为他不可磨灭的英勇之举鼓掌。
clap v.拍打，其用法是clap one's hand=applaud，不能说applaud one's hands.clap sb.为某人鼓掌，clap sth. 拍打某物。
E.g. Midge clapped her hands，calling them back to order. 米奇拍手示意他们安静下来。
commend v.为正式用词，用于对具体功绩或成就表示嘉奖，通常指上级对下级、长辈对晚辈的赞赏。
E.g. The reports commend her bravery. 报告称赞她的英勇。
praise v.为一般用词，用于对某人的优秀品质表示钦佩羡慕;赞颂，赞美。
E.g. The American president praised Turkey for its courage.美国总统称赞了土耳其的勇气。
3、area，district，region，vicinity，zone这一组词都有“区域”的意思。
area n.泛指面积较大的地区;面积;专业领域。
E.g. The survey was carried out in both urban and rural areas.该调查在城市和乡村地区都开展了。
district n.行政区划的小范围地区。
E.g. This district used to grow cotton on a large scale. 这个地区过去大量种棉花。
region n.行政区划上更大的地区，如“自治区”;身体部位。
E.g. Most of the countries in the region have unstable economies.这个地区大多数国家的经济都不稳定。
vicinity n.周围地区，附近地区。
E.g. There were a hundred or so hotels in the vicinity of the station.在车站附近有大约一百家左右的旅馆。
zone n.指特定的地方、地带。
E.g. Many people have stayed behind in the potential war zone.许多人留在了可能会沦为交战区的地方。
4、assembly，conference，congress，rally，seminar，session，summit，symposium 都有“会议”的意思。
assembly n.集合，集会。
E.g. Any kind of assembly was suppressed in this country.该国过去禁止一切形式的集会。
conference n. (专门性的)会议，讨论会。
E.g. The two parties clashed in the conference. 在会议中双方意见发生冲突。
congress n.代表大会，(美国的)国会。
E.g. The National People's Congress is the supreme organ of state power.全国人民代表大会是最高国家权力机关。
rally n. (鼓舞士气的)集会;群众性集会。
E.g. About three thousand people held a rally to mark international human rights day.大约三千人举行集会以纪念国际人权日。
seminar n. (大学的)研究班，研讨会。
E.g. I attended almost every lecture and seminar when I was at college.我上大学时，几乎每一个讲座和研讨会都去参加。
session n. (一届)会议，回合。
E.g. It seems that the suit has to hang over till its next session.看来这个诉讼案得留到下次开庭时处理了。
summit n.最高级会议，峰会(通常为领导人参加)。
E.g. We have to hustle the preparations for a summit meeting between the USA and China.我们得赶快做好中美两国间最高级会晤的准备工作。
symposium n. (学术、科研方面的)座谈会，专题报告会。
E.g. He had been taking part in an international symposium on population.他那时正参加一个有关人口问题的国际研讨会。
5、assessment，estimate，evaluation这一组名词都有“评估”的意思。
assessment n.评估，估价，常常表示对于财产、价值的评估。
E.g. There is little assessment of the damage to the natural environment.几乎未对自然环境破坏程度做出评估。
estimate n.估计，强调进行评估得出的结果，常与give搭配。
E.g. The committee lacked a correct estimate of his ability.委员会对他的能力缺乏正确的评价。
evaluation n. (对于能力，价值、工作业绩的)评价，估价，常带有肯定的、正确的含义。
E.g. We need to carry out a proper evaluation of the new system.我们需要对这套新体系做出一个正确的评价。
在考研英语复习过程中，考生面临一个非常棘手的问题，即超难易混词汇的辨析。
而考研英语知识运用(俗称“完型填空”)着重考察近义词和形近词的辨析。
尚考考研为广大考生提供了高频考察词汇的辨析，供参考。
1、alleviate，diminish，reduce，decrease，decline这一组动词都有“减少，减轻”的意思。
alleviate v.在痛苦方面的减轻，缓和。
E.g. Nowadays， a great deal can be done to alleviate back pain.如今，减轻背部疼痛可以有许多方法。
diminish v.指因为不断消耗，在数量方面缓慢减少，也指在素质或者价值的下降。
E.g. We should try to diminish the cost of production. 我们应尽力减少生产成本。
reduce v.指人为地使某物在数量或重量方面的减少或降低。
E.g. The plan is designed to reduce some of the company's mountainous debt.该计划旨在减少公司堆积如山的债务。
decrease v.指数量上的减少;力量或者强度的减弱。
E.g. His interest in this subject gradually decreases. 他对这门学科的兴趣逐渐减退。
decline v. (数目、价格、比率)下降;谢绝，婉言推辞;衰退，衰落。
E.g. Hourly output by workers declined 1.3% in the first quarter.第一季度工人每小时的产量下降了 1.3%2、allocate，separate，detach，divide这一组动词都有“分开”的意思。
allocate v.分配，把……拨给。
E.g. Local authorities have to learn to allocate resources efficiently.地方政府必须学会有效地分配资源。
separate v.人为地分开，使隔离开。
E.g. They want to separate teaching from research. 他们要把教学与研究分离开来。
detach v.拆开组合的物体;远离，疏远。
E.g. I tried to detach myself from the reality of these terrible events.我尽力使自己从这些可怕事件的现实中摆脱出来。
divide v.指将整体分为若干个部分。
E.g. White lines divide the playing area into sections. 这些白线把赛区分成各个部分。