广东省广州市2014届高三调研测试英语试题及答案

广州市2014届高三年级调研测试英语本试卷共10页, 三大题, 满分135分。

考试用时120分钟。

注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并用2B铅笔在答题卡上的相应位置填涂考生号。

用2B铅笔将试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。

2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。

3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。

不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。

考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。

I 语言知识及应用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

If you give employees the right to telework, be careful! The very technology that enables working from home could be 1 its value to your company. Although productivity may increase in the short term, working from home may prevent your teams from working 2 .While remote workers may indeed be happier, more carefree and 3 , that doesn’t mean it’s good for their 4 . A company is more than just the work that needs to be done, plus the workers who are there to do it.A healthy organization has a 5 that allows the sharing of values and ideas and the 6 of competitive spirit that allows a company to be flexible and creative.However, working from home can fail to motivate remote workers in the same way as a/an 7 company environment. As a result, companies 8 —despite the increases in productivity and happiness that come with teleworking.In work environments where co-workers socialize and have 9 lunchtime chats, some real learning gets done. A lot of information 10 takes place, which allows the very same workers to increase their 11 to the organization. There is something 12 about spending the time together, about sharing meals, about 13 ideas, and about asking.Magical or not, the fact remains that teleworking generally doesn’t work well. As technological change 14 and marketplace pressures increase, companies need to become more flexible and creative, just to keep up.Strange as it sounds, the very technology that made teleworking a real option is now requiring workers to remain in the 15 .1. A. testing B. destroying C. keeping D. assessing2. A. effectively B. normally C. formally D. separately3. A. attentive B. talkative C. productive D. sensitive4. A. workers B. companies C. health D. family5. A. leader B. rule C. party D. culture6. A. sense B. cost C. way D. lack7. A. independent B. different C. special D. shared8. A. develop B. survive C. suffer D. expand9. A. official B. regular C. required D. planned10. A. exchange B. technology C. gap D. search11. A. availability B. damage C. value D. disappointment12. A. reasonable B. magical C. psychological D. typical13. A. discussing B. changing C. welcoming D. selling14. A. varies B. differs C. accelerates D. stops15. A. place B. house C. distance D. office第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16～25的相应位置上。

Robert Burns is the most famous poet to write in Scots, the traditional language of Scotland.Born in Ayrshire, Scotland to a poor farming family, his parents made sure that he was well educated as a child. In 1783 he started composing poetry 16 a traditional style using the Ayrshire dialect of Scots. These poems were well received 17 (local) and in 1786 they were published in the volume, Poems, Chiefly,18 made him famous in Scotland overnight.19 , his fame was not accompanied by money and he found 20 necessary to return to farming. 21 this also proved unprofitable, he entered government service in 1789.He died at the age of 37 as a result of a weak heart, brought on by years of poor working conditions on the farm 22 (date) back to his childhood. Within a short time of his death, money started pouring in from all over Scotland 23 (support) his widow and children.Today, his memory 24 (celebrate) by Burns clubs across the world and his birthday is 25 unofficial “National Day” for Scots and those with Scottish ancestry, celebrated with Burns suppers.II 阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AMichael J. “Crocodile Dundee” (also called Mick), played by Paul Hogan, is the main character in the fictional Crocodile Dundee film series consisting of Crocodile Dundee, Crocodile Dundee II, and Crocodile Dundee in Los Angeles. The character is a crocodile hunter, hence the nickname.In the first film, Crocodile Dundee, Mick is visited by a New York reporter, Sue Charlton, who travels to Australia to investigate a report she heard of a crocodile hunter, who had his leg bitten off by a crocodile in the outback. The hunter supposedly walked more than a hundred milesback to civilization and miraculously survived his injuries. However, by the time she meets him, the story turns out to be a somewhat exaggerated legend where the “bitten-off leg” turns out to be just being some bad scarring on his leg; a “love bite” as Mick calls it. Still intrigued by the idea of “Crocodile Dundee”, Sue continues with the story. They t ravel together out to where the incident occurred, and follow his route through the bush to the nearest hospital. Despite his old-fashioned views, the pair eventually become close, especially after Mick saves Sue from a crocodile attack.Feeling there is still more to the story, Sue invites Mick back to New York with her, as his first trip to a city (or “first trip anywhere,” as Dundee says). The rest of the film depicts Dundee as a “fish out of water,” showing how, despite his expert knowledge of living o utdoors, he knows little of city life. Mick meets Sue’s boyfriend, Richard, but they do not get along. By the end of the film, Mick is on his way home, lovesick, when Sue realizes she loves Mick, too, and not Richard. She runs to the subway station to stop Mick from leaving and, by passing on messages through the packed-to-the-gills crowd, she tells him she won’t marry Richard, and she loves him instead. With the help of the other people in the subway, Mick and Sue have a loving reunion as the film ends.26. Which of the following statements is true about Mick?A. He is a crocodile hunter living in Los Angeles.B. He is based on a real person in Australia.C. He got his nickname because of his job.D. He wrote a film series about himself.27. In the film Crocodile Dundee, Mick ________.A. pretends he was bitten by a crocodileB. urges Sue Charlton to write his life storyC. hasn’t been abroad before his trip to AmericaD. shows Sue Charlton around the town he lives in28. The underlined word “intrigued” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________.A. annoyedB. interestedC. troubledD. surprised29. When in New York, Mick ________.A. makes friends with RichardB. makes full use of his bush skillsC. feels excited about living in a big cityD. d oesn’t know how to fit into city life30. The film Crocodile Dundee can be best described as ________.A. a romantic storyB. an action movieC. a science fictionD. a frightening storyBSilk production has a long and colourful history unknown to most people. Scientific discoveries have shown that silk production existed in China from around 2500 B.C., although it could be much older. For hundreds of years, China kept the secret of silk to itself as one for the most closely protected secrets in history. Anyone revealing the secret of silkworms or trying to take silkworm eggs out of ancient China was punished by death.At one time silk was reserved only for the Chinese emperor. Gradually, others began wearing silk. In addition to being used for clothing, silk came to have industrial uses in ancient China, something that happened in the West only in modern times. Silk was used to make musicalinstruments, fishing lines, weapons, ropes and even paper. During the Han Dynasty silk became a form of money. Farmers paid taxes in both rice and silk. The prices of goods were calculated in lengths of silk just as they had once been calculated in gold. The importance of silk is even reflected in the Chinese language. For example, of the 5000 most common Chinese characters, around 500 have silk as their “key”.In spite of their secrecy, the Chinese eventually lost their monopoly on silk production. It reached Korea in around 200 B.C. when immigrants from China arrived there. Silk production came to India in 300 A.D.. It was not until 500 A.D. that silk production came to Europe when travellers smuggled out silkworms in hollow tubes of bamboo. These were used to establish silk industry in Rome (modern-day Italy), although Chinese silk was still considered to be the best.Silk was brought to Rome from China by means of the Silk Road. There were actually two Silk Roads, one over land and one on the sea. The land route in particular had a huge effect in history. All sorts of trade goods — silver, gold, jade, porcelain — passed along this road. Ideas travelled the Silk Road too. For example the religion of Buddhism was carried to China from India by traders on the Silk Road. The Silk Road created the first international culture, exposing many people to the ideas and treasures of both Western and Chinese cultures.31. How was China able to keep the secret of silk production?A. It refused to sell its silk to other countries.B. Foreigners were not permitted to enter China.C. The silkworms needed were not able to survive outside China.D. Chinese passing on the secret to foreigners were seriously punished.32. Which of the following uses of silk is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. A way of purchasing goods people sold.B. A material used for making different products.C. A method of paying money to the government.D. A valuable gift given to foreigners travelling in China.33. In what order did silk production spread throughout the world according to the passage?A. Europe → India → Korea → China.B. China → Korea → India → Europe.C. China → India → Korea → Europe.D. China → Europe → India → Korea.34. The underlined phrase “smuggled out” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ________.A. quietly tradedB. openly removedC. illegally transportedD. violently stole35. Which of the following is true about the Silk Road?A. It allowed for economic and cultural exchanges between countries.B. It made China the most powerful country in the ancient world.C. It could only be completed by travellers with access to a boat.D. It was first developed for transferring religious ideas.CIt is one of the most annoying words in the English language and it seems there is no escaping it. The word “huh?” is in worldwide use, a study found.Researchers discovered that languages spoken in countries from Ghana and Laos to Iceland and Italy all include “huh?”, or something that sounds very like it. They said that while the studymay sound silly, the word is an absolutely necessary part of speech. Without it and similar words, it would be impossible to show that we haven’t heard or understood what had been said and this would lead to constant misunderstandings.But while other words used in the same context, such as “sorry” or “what”, vary widely across languages, “huh?” remains unchanged.The Dutch researchers carefully studied ten languages from around the world, including Siwu, which is spoken in Ghana, and an Australian Aboriginal language, as well as Italian, Spanish, Dutch and Mandarin Chinese.They analysed tapes of recorded conversations for words that sounded like “huh?” and were used to request that whatever had just been said be repeated. All contained a version of “huh?”. The word was also found in another 21 languages. While there were subtle differences in each country, all sounded basically the same.This is surprising because normally unrelated languages will use very different words to describe the same thing. For instance, the Japanese for “dog” is “inu”, while the French is “chien”. It is thought that l anguages around the world have developed their own version of “huh?” because the sound is quick and simple to form, as well as being easily understood.The researchers, said that it might seem unimportant to carry out scientific research into a word like “huh?” but in fact this little word is an essential tool in human communication. They also have an answer for those who claim that “huh?” isn’t a word. They say that it qualifies because of the small differences in its pronunciation in different languages. It also can be considered a word because it’s something we learn to say, rather than a grunt or cry that we are born knowing how to make.36. According to researchers, the word “huh?” is very important in speech because of ________.A. its stable meaning in language developmentB. its important function in communicationC. its simple and easy sound and spellingD. its popularity in every language37. What is the natural response if you hear the lady you’re speaking to say “huh?”?A. You should ask her to repeat what she says before that.B. You should apologize to her for speaking in a low voice.C. You should invite her to share her different views politely.D. You should try to repeat what you’ve just said in a clearer way.38. The ma in method used in the research of “huh?” was ________.A. interviewing language experts in universitiesB. talking with people from ten different countriesC. analyzing the recorded conversations in different languagesD. comparing different words with the same meaning in different languages39. According to researchers, “huh?” should be considered a word rather than a sound because________.A. it is listed in most dictionariesB. it is something humans learn to sayC. there is a clear and consistent spelling of the wordD. there is a big difference in the way it pronounces in different languages40. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To inform readers about research on the worldwide used word “huh?”.B. To argue that “huh?” is the most impo rtant word in every language.C. To entertain readers by relating similar idioms in different languages.D. To instruct readers of the differences of “huh?” in different languages.DEver wonder how this season’s celebrations affect the environment? Guest blogger Krista Fairles takes an amusing look at this very topic:The holidays are a wonderful, cheerful time whenmost people wait for Santa to bring them presents. But I’mnot like most people. I spend my time wondering just whatthe environmental impacts of Santa Claus and his reindeerare, and more importantly, how I can calculate thoseimpacts.Lately I’ve been particularly curious as to whetherSanta’s old sled is a clean green flying machine, or if heshould be replacing his 8 reindeer with an environmentally-friendly car.I should mention that, surprisingly, I was unable to find statistics specific to Santa’s magical flying reindeer, so these calculations use numbers from various sources and may not represent actual pollution caused by Santa and his animals. In other words, don’t complain to the government about the damage Santa is causing the environment based on this article.Santa’s yearly trip around the globe is 44,000km long, twice the average of a North American driver. If we assume that the magic provides the altitude for this trip, then reindeer power only needs to push Santa’s sled forward. To complete the trip in 12 hours, I estimate they must travel at a speed of about 3100km/h. To travel at this speed, for this length of time, the reindeer need to eat an incredible 980 million calories each!!So the next question is: how much food is in 980 million calories? Well, if they’re eating corn, they’d need to eat 16,500 lbs each — or 1.6 acres of food. Growing 12.8 acres of corn has its own impl ications for the environment that we’ll leave for another calculation.We now need to consider that during the global trip the reindeer are “letting out” some of that corn in the form of methane (甲烷，沼气). A resting cow produces 110 kg of methane per year, so flying reindeer would each let out about 4.8 tons. With methane causing 20 times the global warming damage of CO2, and the altitude increasing that damage by 1000% that another 20 times, we can put Santa’s round-trip emissions at 15,488 tons. This is much more than the 100 tons an environmentally-friendly car would release on the same trip!Bad Santa.41. Which aspect does the writer NOT include in her analyses about reindeer’s influence onenvironment?A. Distance covered.B. Calories consumed.C. Tons of waste let out.D. Money spent on food.42. According to Paragraph 6, how many acres of corn would Santa need to feed 10 reindeer?A. 1.6.B. 16.C. 12.8.D. 128.43. Which of the following statements would the writer most probably agree with?A. Christmas celebrations are really a waste of money.B. Vegetarians are more likely to survive than meat-eaters.C. Raising animals has a negative influence on environment.D. The car industry does less harm to environment than farming.44. Which of the following words best describes the language style of the passage?A. Humourous and concerned.B. Cheerful and friendly.C. Academic and formal.D. Serious and boring.45. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?A. Is Santa driving clean and green?B. Santa, watch where you’re going!C. Santa Claus is coming to town!D. Let’s reduce waste on Christmas celebrations!第二节信息匹配(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。