托福tpo阅读高频词汇tpo extra 1
TPO_extra1_听力文本
Extra 1Conversation1 Narrator Listen to a conversation between a student and an employee in the campusConversation1NarratorListen to a conversation between a student and an employee in the campus computer center. Computer center employeeHi, what can I help you with today?StudentHi, um, I wanted to—you see, the thing is, I don't know much about computers, so I was wondering if, uh, if there's a class or something... so I can learn how to use computers, like to write papers for my classes.Computer center employeeOh, I see... um, we don't really offer a course for beginners, since most students already have computing experience. But all the computers in our labs have a general tutorial installed on them. You could just go there and run it.StudentAnd the tutorial explains everything? I mean, it might sound strange but I've never used a computer.Computer center employeeWell, all the computer labs on campus are staffed with student assistants, and I'm sure that any one of them would be more than willing to get you started.StudentYeah? That sounds good. But is it expensive?Computer center employeeNo, in fact, it won't cost anything; it's one of the services of the computer center.StudentThat's great. How do they—I mean, how do I get in touch with the student assistants? Should I just go to a computer lab and ask whoever's there?Computer center employeeSure, you could do that, or I can let you have a list of names of the students who are assistants in the labs. You might know one of them.StudentActually, I think I'd prefer someone I don't know, um, so I can ask dumb questions... Is there anyone you'd recommend?Computer center employeeAll of our student assistants are really knowledgeable about computers. I mean, they have to be, in order to work in the computer labs... It doesn't mean that they're necessarily good at teaching beginners... but you probably won't be a beginner for very long.StudentHope not.Computer center employeeAnd I just thought of something else. The bookstore has a lot of books on computers-there might be one for people like you, I mean, people who don't have a lot of experience with computers. I actually bought one for my father so he could learn how to use e-mail, basic word processing, that sort of thing—and it worked pretty well for him.StudentOK, I'll try that, too. And if the bookstore doesn't have it, they can just order it for me? Computer center employeeRight. Now is there anything else I can help you with today?StudentUh, just the list of names and the times they're working. I'd like to get going on this as soon as possible.Computer center employeeRight. Good luck.Lecture 1NarratorListen to part of a lecture in an economics class.ProfessorWhen attempting to understand international trade, some things seem so obvious that they can hardly be controverted, and other points that are important are invisible unless you've thought about the subject carefully.Consider the following: if there's an increase in imports, let's say, um, let's say imports of furniture, and the domestic producers of furniture find this new competition very difficult and are cutting production and employment, then it seems obvious and easy to understand and many people conclude from this that increasing imports will cause generally greater unemployment at home.What is not so obvious is that how much we import and how much we export... those are interdependent and you can't understand the one without the other. But the exports that are generated are not easily discernable, so most people don't see them. They see only the imports of furniture rising and employment in domestic furniture production falling.So as a result, many people argue that we ought to protect jobs by limiting imports—either by tariffs, quotas, regulations, or whatever—without realizing that this also has the effect of reducing potential future exports to the rest of the world, things that we can produce very, very... cost effectively and therefore profitably.The fundamental proposition in international economics is that it makes sense to import those things that we... that can be produced more economically abroad than at home and export things to the rest of the world that we can produce more cost effectively than produced elsewhere in the world. Therefore, if we limit imports, we put ourselves in danger of not being able to export. The details of this relationship will take much longer to explain than I can fully go into now but the point of the matter is that gains—the benefits of gains—from international trade result frombeing able to get things cheaper by buying them abroad than you can make them at home. Now there're some things that we can make at home that are... that we can do more economically than they can do abroad.In the case of the United States, typically high-technology products, uh... are things that Americans have innovated in and started firms doing that sort of thing at which they do very well. Whereas goods that produce... that use a lot of relatively low skill labor, like furniture production, cotton production, sugar production... those are things that are frequently made more inexpensively in places where wage rates are low and the cost of using capital is very high. However, in Florida they produce a lot of sugar, but the costs are so high, if we didn't have extensive restrictions on imports of sugar, the output of sugar would decline dramatically. But the sugar industry in the U.S. doesn't produce high-paying jobs, it uses resources in ineffective ways and it blocks the import of more cost-effectively produced sugar. It, it's a very bad bargain for the people in the United States to want to protect low-paying jobs thereby halting the growth of world trading and international... uh, more international specialization. It would be better to remove restrictions on imports and allow other countries in the world... countries that can produce them more cheaply... let them specialize in producing those products.Now, I agree that people who are directly affected by imports, what they focus on... is, is that their prospects... their job prospects are being reduced, and their economic circumstances are getting worse. And that's a relevant problem and an important problem; what isn't so obvious is... that by retraining and relocating people to places and industries where jobs are expanding rather than contracting, we can make the whole economy function more effectively and productively than by trying to block imports.Um, what is interesting to note is that, even if there were no international trade issues, like imports, any changes that occur in a country's economy—any new technology, change in preferences, change in regulations or whatever—will lead to "adjustments" that lead some sectors of the economy to decline and others to expand.And that's what we have to figure out, and that's a hard problem to deal with in detail, is how to facilitate people adjusting from sectors where their job prospects are not so good, and in particular where real wages aren't so high, to acquire skills that will permit them to move into higher-paying jobs in other parts of the economy either by retraining or relocating. Helping pay for the relocation of these people would be very helpful, but trying to block the changes is really counterproductive. It makes people in our country poorer, and it makes people elsewhere in the world poorer as well.Lecture 2NarratorListen to part of a lecture in a marine biology class.ProfessorI want to continue our discussion about whales. Specifically, today, um, I want to talk about whale migration—um, why whales head south for the winter. Or really why whales in the cold water of the Northern Hemisphere head south for the winter. Now, not all kinds of whales migrate, but most baleen whales do.And interestingly enough, we still don't really know why the baleen whales migrate. We do have several theories, however, which I'll discuss today. Uh, can anybody name one reason why baleen whales might migrate south, to the warm tropical water?Male studentUh, for food? You know, the whales move to warmer water in order to find a good area to feed. ProfessorGood guess. That should be an obvious reason—after all, most animals that migrate do so for the purpose of finding food. But, uh, that doesn't seem to be the case with baleen whales. To understand why, you need to know something about water temperature. There are a lot of technical reasons that I'm not going to go into right now. But let's just say that nutrients don't rise to the surface of tropical water like they do in other kinds of water. Tropical water simply never gets cold enough. So... well, what this means, uh, is that tropical water doesn't have much of the plankton that most whales feed on.Male studentI don't understand—if there's no plankton, how do the whales survive through the winter? ProfessorRight. How do they survive? You see, they don't have to eat anything, because they've stored up so much fat during the summer feeding season that they can just survive off of that. So if they don't need to eat anything, we're back to our original question. Why do baleen whales migrate? Any theories? No?Well, there's one idea out there that a lot of people believe. In fact, uh, you could say it's the most popular theory we have about whale migration. Basically, the argument is that for baleen whales, migration is a kind of balancing act. Let me explain. On one hand, whales need to take advantage of the summer months by eating as much food as they can. And that's what they can do best in the northern seas. This allows them to build up a lot of fat. But in the winter, food is scarce even in the north, so what the whales need to do is save energy. And that's what migrating south can help them do... Amanda, you have a question?Female studentYes. Um, the balancing-act theory doesn't make sense to me. Maybe whales might need to save energy during the winter, but wouldn't moving all the way down to tropics make them lose energy?ProfessorThat's a good point, and it's one reason why this isn't a perfect theory. It does cost the whales energy to migrate, but it's easier for whales to save energy in warm water than it is to save energy in cold water, so there might still be, you know, a good reason to move south for the winter. OK?Now, before moving on to the next chapter, I want to briefly discuss how the baleen whale manages to navigate. It's pretty remarkable, because the whales manage to return to the same places year after year, and have to travel over an enormous area of ocean in order to do it. I mean, it's not like whales can just look at a map, right? So exactly how do they do it?Well, a lot of experimental work still needs to be done, but we have been able to figure out at least three ways the baleen whale navigates without getting lost. The first is the ability to use Earth's magnetic field like it was a map. That sounds strange, but we know that many birds use that method, use the magnetic field, and it's possible that whales have the biological ability to dothe same thing.Another theory is that if they stay close to the coast, whales might be able to find familiar landmarks and use those as guides. But we don't really know if a whale's eyesight is good enough to be able to do that, so that's not a perfect theory.And finally, we know that many whales make very loud sounds that can travel literally hundreds of miles underwater. Through a process called echolocation, it's possible that these whales hear the sounds bounce off of islands or other pieces of land and use those echoes as clues to help them find their way.Conversation 2NarratorListen to a conversation between a student and a professor.StudentHi, uh... Professor Anderson... wondering if you had a couple minutes...ProfessorOf course, Paula...StudentThanks... uh, you sent me a letter recently about doing, uh, an honors project—inviting me to come in and talk about...ProfessorRight, right, well, as your academic advisor, it's my job to look out for your academic interests, and based on your grades, and some very positive feedback I've heard from your professors, I wanted to formally invite you to consider doing an honors project...StudentYeah... well, thanks... uh, actually I kinda wanted to ask you... quite frankly—like how much work it would probably be? I mean, I'm gonna be spending a lot of time applying to law schools next semester and...ProfessorWell, let me tell you how it works... and then you can decide from there.StudentOK.ProfessorBasically, the honors project is an opportunity to do... some in-depth work on a topic you're interested in before graduating college. You register for the class, but it doesn't work the same way a regular class does—you find a professor who you want to work with—you ask the professor—a sort of mentor who's knowledgeable on the topic you're interested in—the topic you're gonna write your honors thesis on...StudentWriting a thesis? That's part of the project? Ah, like how many pages are we talking? ProfessorUsually about 50... but it's a valuable experience, writing a thesis paper.StudentSo, basically, after I register for the class, I need to ask a professor who'll sorta help me... ProfessorActually, you need to do that—a professor needs to agree to oversee your honors project—before you register.StudentOh, OK...ProfessorI mean, I know it sounds kinda daunting, but that's what the professor's there for—to help guide you through the different steps of the process and... uh... most students are very pleased with the experience... they're able to demonstrate advanced research skills, which is important; especially in your case, writing an honors thesis would be a big plus...StudentYou think so?ProfessorAbsolutely. Especially considering your plans, since you're applying to law schools. It shows initiative, that you've done well as an undergraduate—to be allowed to do the honors project... that you're able to work independently and, of course, you would graduate with honors... StudentYeah, it does sound good—it's just, you know, I've never written something like that before, so...ProfessorWell, you choose something you're interested in—maybe you can even expand a shorter research paper from another class or...StudentSo, like, maybe... You know, I took this course from Professor Connelly—his course on Comparative Governments last semester and, uh... did pretty well—I wrote a paper actually, on political parties in Venezuela and—and he seemed to like my research. Anyway, he, uh, I got an A in the course.ProfessorGood, so it sounds like you do have a general idea for a topic, and you might know what professor you want to work with... and look, it's still a couple weeks before registration, maybe you should talk to Professor Connelly and then get back to me.StudentYeah, I will—thanks. I'll come by again sometime next week.ProfessorThat's fine. Good luck.Lecture 3NarratorListen to part of a lecture in a journalism class. The professor has been discussing newspapers. ProfessorAbout 40 years ago, half of all Americans felt they'd be lost without a daily newspaper. But today, only one in ten Americans say they'd be lost without a paper. In fact, today, half of all Americans say they don't need a newspaper at all. And so people in the newspaper industry are trying to figure out how they can get more people reading the newspaper more often. They're trying to crack journalism's riddle for the ages: what makes people read newspapers? OK, well, let me ask you—as a journalism student, what do you think is the answer to this question? Elizabeth?Female studentUm, I would probably try to improve the content of the newspaper.ProfessorBetter content. Hmm. You mean like well-written editorials and articles?Female studentWell, I mean provide more interesting content, like, I would first try to find out what readers really want to read... and then put that into the paper.ProfessorYes, in fact, not too long ago, there was an extensive study conducted to investigate what draws people to newspapers. Uh, they found out that there's a clear, strong link between satisfaction with content and overall readership. Those newspapers that contained what the readers wanted most brought in the most readers. No big surprise there, right? So, what kind of content brings in readers? The study found that people-centered local news ranks at the top of the list... stories about ordinary people. For example, you could write about the experiences of those who were involved in a news story, and their friends and relatives... The vantage points would be those of ordinary people, not of police or other officials... OK? Now the study also showed that people want more stories about movies, TV, and weather, and fewer stories and photos about natural disasters and accidents... So, to get reader satisfaction, you need to select the right topics, and within those topics, the right news events or stories to cover. Yes, James? Male studentIt seems to me that a lot of what you just mentioned doesn't line up with the principles of good journalism. Catering to readers' tastes may improve overall readership, but what about the social responsibilities that newspapers have? I mean, there are some topics that newspapers need to write about in order to serve the public interest. Those topics may not always be fun and interesting for the average reader, but it's still the newspaper's responsibility to make that information available to the public.ProfessorThat's a good point. You need a good mix of content. You can't just rush towards an attractive topic and forget about the reporting role of newspapers. There's a danger of going soft—newspapers do have to perform their obligations to citizens. So what newspapers sometimes do is to combine serious journalism with a reader-friendly presentation. Um, let me give you an example: When the justice department opened an investigation on the local police—some pretty serious stuff that could be boring to some readers—well, one local newspaper ran a lead story on their front page, but they also simplified the format by including small breakout boxes that presented—in a nutshell—the highlights of the story. That way, they could report the serious stories they needed to report, and, and still hold their readers' attention. OK? Uh, going back to the research on readership growth we were talking about... Uh, the most vital step of all, thestudy shows, may be making the paper easier to use. How can we make the paper "easier to use"? Well, it means stories need to include information, such as phone numbers, times, dates, addresses, Web sites and the like, so that readers can "go and do" things based on what they've read.Female studentProfessor Ellington? Um, when you said we need to make the paper "easier to use," I thought you were gonna say something about use of graphics, colors, and stuff like that.ProfessorWell, I guess those things do help in a way, but it turned out that those contemporary touches, uh, such as more attractive designs, extensive use of color, and informational graphics matter much less than you'd expect. Surprising, isn't it?Female studentYeah, it is... Um, how about service? Does the study say anything about improving service? I don't think people are gonna subscribe if the paper doesn't arrive, or shows up late...ProfessorOr shows up wet, which by the way, happened to me this morning. Oh, absolutely. Service affects readership. In fact, improving your service is much more likely to increase your readership than making changes in your editorial content... Not only on-time delivery in good condition, but also things like efficient billing, affordability, um... Yes?Female studentThey could also, like, increase the number of sites where they sell single copies.ProfessorCertainly that's one way to improve service.Lecture 4NarratorListen to part of a lecture in a geology class.ProfessorUm, beginning in the late 1960s, geologists began to uncover some evidence of a rather surprising kind when they looked... um... at various places around the world. What they found out when they examined rocks from about a... the period from about 750 million years ago to about 580 million years ago, they found that... it seemed that glaciers covered the entire surface of the Earth—from pole to pole, including the tropics.Um... how did they come to this astonishing conclusion? What was the evidence for this? Especially when glaciers today are found only at the poles ... or in the mountains.Well, uh... basically when glaciers grow and move they leave behind a distinctive deposit consisting of primarily... of, at least on the top level, of ground up little bits of rock... almost... they almost look like rocks that have been deposited by streams,if you've ever seen those. And that's caused because, although the glacier is ice, it is actually flowing very slowly and as it moves it grinds the top layer of rock, it breaks off pieces and carries them away. So when you have glaciation you have a distinctive pattern of these pieces of rockwhich are called "erratics."Erratics are rocks... they're the stones that are often carried long distances by glaciers.So, in the 1960s and onward up through the 1990s, we keep finding evidence for glaciation, no matter what the latitude... even in tropical latitudes. Now, today there are glaciers in the tropics but only at very high elevations. But 750 million years ago, apparently there were glaciers even at sea level in the tropics.How could this have happened?Well, first... the growth of glaciers, uh, benefits, if you will, from a kind of a positive feedback loop called the "ice-albedo effect."With the ice-albedo effect, glaciers—'cause they're white—reflect light and heat more... much more than does liquid water... or soil and rock, which are dark and absorb heat. So, the more glaciers there are, the more heat is reflected, so the climate gets cooler, and glaciers grow even more.However... normally, on a global scale, there is a major process that functions to curb the growth of glaciers. And, that process involves carbon dioxide.Now, we're all familiar with the notion that carbon dioxide is what we call a "greenhouse gas." The more carbon dioxide there is in the atmosphere, the more heat the atmosphere retains. That's what a greenhouse gas does. So, the greenhouse-gas effect is kinda the opposite of the albedo effect.Um... now as it happens... when silicate rocks, which is a very common class of rock, when they're exposed to the air and to normal weathering, they erode. Carbon dioxide is attracted to these eroding rocks and binds to them, forming calcium carbonate.Calcium carbonate is eventually washed into the ocean where it settles to the bottom. This process, this forming of calcium carbonate, has the effect of sucking the carbon dioxide out of the air and storing it at the bottom of the ocean.Now, follow me here. The process that's sucking carbon dioxide out of the air, keeping the greenhouse gas levels low, cannot happen if the rock is covered with ice.So, while glaciers reflect light and heat... cooling the Earth, they at the same time cover rocks so there's less calcium carbonate formed... which leaves more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Higher levels of carbon dioxide keep the atmosphere warm... which slows the growth of glaciers. So, it's a balance, and the glacier growth remains pretty much under control.Now, what happened 750 million years ago to upset that balance? It seems a relatively simple explanation actually...750 million years ago... all the major continents are rocky, bare, and pretty much lined up along the equator; they hadn't yet moved to where they are today. So, what happened was, perhaps a slight cooling of... the very slight and temporary cooling of the Sun—which still happens from time to time—and the Earth starts to cool, the ice starts to spread on the oceans... starting at the poles.Now, by the time the ice reaches about two-thirds of the way to the equator, it's too late. See... because the continents are the last things to be covered by glaciers, they continue weathering... the rocks keep eroding and the carbon dioxide levels keep falling... So, the ice-albedo effect from the glaciers is increasing in strength while the atmosphere continues to lose its ability to retain heat making glacier growth unstoppable. Now you have what's called a "runaway freeze." And for perhaps as long as 50 million years, possibly with some interludes, theEarth was frozen from pole to pole, like a giant snowball.。
托福TPO1-34阅读词汇题完整汇总(电子版)
智课网TOEFL备考资料托福TPO1-34阅读词汇题完整汇总(电子版)摘要：托福TPO1-34阅读词汇题完整汇总(电子版)!新托福TPO阅读中，TPO阅读词汇题是重要托福阅读题型。
托福阅读词汇题做题需要考生掌握一定的词汇量和做题技巧，这样也可以帮助同学检验托福词汇的背诵效果，同学们快来巩固一下吧!托福 TPO1-34阅读词汇题完整汇总(电子版)! 新托福 TPO阅读中，TPO阅读词汇题是重要托福阅读题型。
托福阅读词汇题做题需要考生掌握一定的词汇量和做题技巧，这样也可以帮助同学检验托福词汇的背诵效果，同学们快来巩固一下吧!Paragraph 1: In the fourteenth century, a number of political developments cut Europe's overland trade routes to southern and eastern Asia, with which Europe had had important and highly profitable commercial ties since thetwelfth century. This development, coming as it did when the bottom had fallen out of the European economy, provided an impetus to a long-held desire to secure direct relations with the East by establishing a sea trade. Widely reported, if somewhat distrusted, accounts by figures like the famous traveler from Venice, Marco Polo, of the willingness of people in China to trade with Europeans and of the immensity of the wealth to be gained by such contact made the idea irresistible. Possibilities for trade seemed promising, but no hope existed for maintaining the traditional routes over land A new way had to be found. 【TPO17- Europe's Early Sea Trade with Asia】1. The word impetus in the passage is closest in meaning to○Return○Opportunity○Stimulus○ObstacleParagraph 3: At times, it is actually possible to watch the effects of natural selection in host-parasite relationships.For example, Australia during the 1940 s was overrun by hundreds of millions of European rabbits. The rabbits destroyed huge expanses of Australia and threatened the sheep and cattle industries. In 1950, myxoma virus, a parasite that affects rabbits, was deliberately introduced into Australia to control the rabbit population. Spread rapidly by mosquitoes, the virus devastated the rabbit population. The virus was less deadly to the offspring of surviving rabbits, however, and it caused less and less harm over the years. Apparently, genotypes (the genetic make-up of an organism)in the rabbit population were selected that were better able to resist the parasite. Meanwhile, the deadliest strains of the virus perished with their hosts as natural selection favored strains that could infect hosts but not kill them. Thus, natural selection stabilized this host-parasite relationship. 【TPO17- Symbiotic Relationships】4. The word devastated in the passage is closest in meaning to○ Influenced○ Infected○ strengthened○ destroyedParagraph 4: In contrast to parasitism, in commensalism, one partner benefits without significantly affecting the other. Few cases of absolute commensalism probably exist, because it is unlikely that one of the partners will be completely unaffected. Commensal associations sometimes involve one species' obtaining food that is inadvertently exposed by another. For instance, several kinds of birds feed on insects flushed out of the grass by grazing cattle. It is difficult to imagine how this could affect the cattle, but the relationship may help or hinder them in some way not yet recognized. 【TPO17- Symbiotic Relationships】7. The word inadvertently in the passage is closest in meaning to○Indefensibly○Substan tially○Unintentionally○Partially相关推荐:北美大学校园生活及学习常用词汇短语归纳托福写作常用短语WORD版汇总托福词汇常考词根大收录相关字搜索：托福TPO1-34阅读词汇题汇总。
tpo阅读单词
Canal 运河Surveyor 探勘员Outcorp露出地面的岩石Roam漫步Proceed 接下来做某事Meticulously 仔细的Quartz 石英Fauna 动物群Textile 纺织品Mill磨坊Exploit 开发利用Piston 活塞Pump 抽水机Cylinder 气缸Vacuum 真空Bellow 大声吼叫Eliminate 排除Subject 主题表现对象Caliber 素质Disdain鄙视Indeed 实际上Foster 培育，激励Marching legion 步兵Stark 单调的鲜明的赤裸裸的极端的Fixation 迷恋相当于obsession Extermination 灭绝Score 大量Gypsum 石膏Peculiarity 特点Crystalline 晶体的Cruise 巡游Invertebrate 无脊椎的Dome 穹顶Strait 海峡Precipitate 沉淀凝结引发Soluble 可溶的Cement 水泥Bond 纽带n粘合vPeculiar 奇怪的Monolithic巨大的Territorial 领土的Imperative 紧迫的；紧迫的事n Gravitas 庄严Be predisposed to 自然而然地不由自主地Subtlety 精巧nMight 魅力Speculative推断的Thrive 茁壮成长Genius 天才ingenious 精灵的心灵手巧的Furnace 熔炉Desiccation脱水Compromise 妥协；危及（及物动词）Legal tender 法币Pinpoint 精确的找到v 精确的adj. Necessitate 使成为必要Magnet 磁铁Shrine 圣殿Demise 死亡Cripple 严重压坏Metallic 金属的Consolidate 合并巩固加固Prospect 成功机会n 勘探vForage 搜寻vConfined 限制的cramped 局促的狭隘的Cramp 限制n钳制Bulky 笨重的Fringe 装饰……的边缘v 边界n非主流的a Alluvia 冲积层的Fecund 多产的Loam壤土Prairie草原Tempt 引诱Sterile 无菌的Depletion 耗尽nProliferation n激增Supersede 取代vDivert v 转移改道Presage 预示vPollen 花粉Flotation 发行股票花粉nVicinity 临近地区Disperse 散去传播Acre 英亩Knit 编织nTelltale n 告密者a 泄露秘密的Abrasion 擦伤处Tether= bind 拴捆Flourish 兴旺繁荣v Terrestrial 地球上的地面上的Clam 蛤蜊Dissolution n 解除Marrow 骨髓Canal 运河；道Pore 毛孔Marvelous 极好的令人惊讶的Volatile以发挥的不稳定的Constituent成分Lethal 致命的Fluctuation波动n Catastrophic灾难性的Delta 三角洲Excrete v 排泄分泌Exceeding非常Substrate底层Estuary 河口nTrap n陷阱湾Elevation 海拔高度Brackish 微咸的Nursery 温床托儿所Inhospitable 不友好的Reclamation开垦Smother 抑制vMow 割Herbicide除草剂Feasibility可行性Eradication根除扫除Pinhole 针孔Len滤镜Patent 获得专利Etch蚀刻Engrave雕刻vAuthenticity真实性Genuine 真的真实的Obsolete淘汰的退化的过期的Miniature微小的小型的微小模型Prolific多产的Destine指定vCoat覆盖Candid率直的Radical彻底的激进的基本的Impose 强加利用viPlummet堕落Crust 面包皮硬层Assortment各种各样n Constituent组成成分Droplet小滴Enigmatic神秘的费解的Perplex使困惑Condense凝结浓缩Pristine崭新的为触碰过的Distill 提炼Reside居住属于Configuration形状Husbandary农牧业Aboriginal土著的Antiquity古代古迹Indigenous当地的本土的土著的Figurative比喻义的Motif z主题装饰图案EngraveCoin 铸造创造vObscure使费解掩盖遮挡Counterexample 反例Fodder 饲料Horticulture园艺Reclaim 开垦拿回Graze 吃草grazing 吃草的～livestock Lease租用vnRadiant辐射的Dome 穹顶Upward 向上的Inhale 吸入Congestion拥挤充血nAllergy 过敏Respiratory 呼吸的Reflexive反身的Irritant刺激物Traumatic 受伤的外伤的不顺心的Expose to= subject to 受什么影响受什么限制处于什么的影响之下Desolate荒芜的荒凉的Bulge鼓起v nCrust 硬层Intermittently间隔地断断续续的Prominent 著名的显眼的Obliterate清除vSplash 飞溅Eject 喷射Liquefy 液化Propel 推Oar 桨Maritime海运的Elicit 引出Procure 设法获得Desert 逃离Supposition推测Starch 淀粉Secular 世俗的Mount 镶嵌vPatron赞助Sovereign君主至高无上的有主权的Clamour喧闹声呼喊Incise切开雕刻Syllable音节Wedge楔子Sledge 雪橇Aridity干旱Shed 脱落Burrow 挖掘挖洞Flap 震动～wingsConvection空气对流nDrain 为……排出流出。
(完整版)托福必背高频词汇
托福必背高频词汇1. a matter of speculation =supposition n.推断2. a solicitation of =an invitation of n. 垦求;垦请3. abandoned= left a. 被遗弃的4. aberrant= abnormal a. 脱离常轨的,5. abort= quit v. 夭折;中止6. abruptly= suddenly ad. 突然地;意外地7. absorb =appeal v. 吸收;被…吸引8. absorb= learn(学习) v. 吸收9. absorb= take in v. 吸收;被…吸引10. abstract= not concrete a. 抽象的;非实际的11. absurd= ridiculous a. 荒谬的;可笑的12. abundance= large amount n. 大量13. abundance= great number n. 大量14. abundant = affluent a. 丰富的;大量的15. abundant= ample a. 丰富的;大量的16. abundant= numerous a. 丰富的;大量的17. abundant= plentiful a. 丰富的;大量18. abundant= substantial a. 丰富的;大量的19. abundantly= plentifully ad. 丰富地;大量地20. access =reach v. 接近21. accessible =reachable a. 可接近的22. accessible =easy to reach a. 易接近的23. accidental =unexpected a. 意外的;偶然的24. accommodate= provide for v. 提供25. accomplished =achieved a. 实现完成的26. accomplished =skilled a. 熟练的27. account= description n. 说明28. account for= explain v. 说明29. accumulate =collect v. 积累;聚集30. accumulate =pile up v. 积累;聚集聚集31. accurate =correct a. 正确的32. accurately= correctly ad. 正确地33. acknowledge= recognize v. 承认34. actually= in fact ad. 事实上35. added =extra a. 附加的;额外的36. adept =skilled a. 熟练的37. adherent= supporter n. 拥护者38. adjacent =nearby a. 毗连的39. adjacent =neighboring a. 毗连的40. adjust= modify v. 调整;改变…以适应41. administer = manage v. 管理42. admit= let in v. 准许进入43. adopt= enact v. 采用44. advance= improvement n. 发展;增长45. advent= arrival n. 出现;到来46. advent= beginning n. 出现;到来47. affair= matter n. 事件;事情48. afford= provide v. 提供;给予49. aggravate= increase v. 加重;增剧50. aggravate =annoy v. 使恼火51. aggregate= overall a. 聚集的;合计的52. aggregate= combined a. 聚集的;合计的53. agile= astute a. 灵活的;敏捷的54. agile= clever a. 灵活的;敏捷的55. agile= quick and active a. 灵活的;敏捷的56. agile= move and act quickly a. 灵活的;敏捷的57. air= feeling n. 气氛58. alarm= sound v. 警报59. alarm= warning n. 警告60. albeit= although conj. 尽管;虽然61. albeit =even though conj. 尽管;虽然62. allow= enable v. 允许63. allude= suggest v. 暗示64. allude to= refer to phrv. 提到65. ally with= link to v. 结盟66. alter= change to v. 改变67. amazing= remarkable/replacement a.令人惊讶的/非凡的68. ambiguous =vague a. 不明确的69. ambivalent =mixed a. 矛盾的70. ample= plentiful a. 充足的;丰富的71. ample =spacious a. 宽敞的72. anchor= hold in place v. 使固定73. ancient= old a. 古老的74. ancient =antique a. 古老的75. annihilate= destroy v. 消灭76. annihilate =completely remove v. 消灭77. annually= yearly ad. 每年78. anomaly= irregularity n. 异常的人或物79. antagonist =competitor n. 对手;敌手80. anticipate= expect v. 预期81. antiseptic =clean a. 抗菌的82. antithesis= opposite n. 对立面83. antler =horn n. 鹿角84. anxiety =worry n. 忧虑;担心85. apart from= exception phr. 除了…之外86. apart from =except for phr. 除了…之外87. apparatus= equipment n. 仪器;设备88. apparent =obvious a. 显然的89. apparently= clearly ad. 显然地90. appeal= attraction n. 吸引力91. appealing =attractive a. 有吸引力的92. appear= seem v. 似乎93. appearance= rise n. 出现94. appearance= arrival n. 出现95. appearance= showing up n. 出现96. application= use n. 应用97. appreciable= noticeable a. 相当可观的98. approach =method n. 方法99. approach= move toward v. 接近100. approximately= roughly ad. 大约地101. architecture= structure n. 构造102. archive= record v. 存档103. archive= stock v. 存档104. archive= store v. 存档105. arduous= difficult a. 艰巨的106. arid =dry a. 干旱的107. arise= emerge v. 出现108. arrangement= configuration n. 安排;布置109. array=range n. 一系列110. article= item n. 物品111. article= object n. 物品112. as a rule =in general phr. 通常113. assert= declare v. 断言;宣称114. assertion= strong statement n. 断言;主张115. asset= advantage n. 资产;有利条件116. assimilate= combine v. 同化117. assistance= help n. 帮助;协助118. assorted= various a. 各式各样的119. assume= believe v. 假定;设想120. assume= suppose v. 假定;设想121. assume= take on v. 承担122. assumption= premise n. 假设123. astonishing= amazing a. 惊人的124. astute= clever a. 敏锐的125. at random= without a definite pattern phr. 随便地; 任意地126. attachment to= preference for n. 依恋127. attain =achieve v. 达到;获得128. attainment =achievement n. 达到;获得129. attendant= accompanying a. 伴随的130. attest to =confirm v. 证实131. attribute= accredit v. 归于;认为132. attribute =characteristic n. 特点133. attribute to =credit with v. 归于; 认为134. attribution =character n. 属性135. augment= increase v. 增加;提高136. available =obtainable a. 可获得的137. avenue= method n. 途径;手段138. avenue =means n. 途径;手段139. avid= enthusiastic a. 热中的140. barely = just ad. 仅仅121. assume= take on v. 承担122. assumption= premise n. 假设123. astonishing= amazing a. 惊人的124. astute= clever a. 敏锐的125. at random= without a definite pattern phr. 随便地; 任意地126. attachment to= preference for n. 依恋127. attain =achieve v. 达到;获得128. attainment =achievement n. 达到;获得129. attendant= accompanying a. 伴随的130. attest to =confirm v. 证实查看全部：托福必背高频词汇大全(完整版)131. attribute= accredit v. 归于;认为132. attribute =characteristic n. 特点133. attribute to =credit with v. 归于; 认为134. attribution =character n. 属性135. augment= increase v. 增加;提高136. available =obtainable a. 可获得的137. avenue= method n. 途径;手段138. avenue =means n. 途径;手段139. avid= enthusiastic a. 热中的140. barely = just ad. 仅仅141. barge= boat n. 驳船142. barrier= obstacle n. 障碍143. barrier =impediment n. 障碍144. battle= struggle n. 搏斗;奋斗145. be inclined =tend v. 倾向146. be accustomed to= get used to phrv. 习惯147. be aware of =familiar with phrv. 了解148. be beforehand= foreordain v. 预先149. be closer resemblance to= be more like phr. 非常相似150. be consistent with= be compatible with phr. 一致的151. be entitled to= have the right phrv. 有…权利152. beckon= invite v. 招唤;引诱153. become extinct= die out phrv. 灭绝154. being= creature n. 生命155. beneficial =advantageous a. 有益的156. blossom= flourish v. 兴旺157. blossom= thrive v. 兴旺158. boast= puff v. 吹嘘159. boast= exaggerate v. 吹嘘160. bombard= assail v. 炮击;轰击161. bombard =assault v. 炮击;轰击162. bombard =strike v. 炮击;轰击163. boom= expansion n. 激增;爆涨164. boon= great benefit n. 利益165. boost= raise v. 增加;提高166. boundary= periphery n. 边界167. branch =division n. 分支168. breed= reproduce v. 繁殖;饲养169. brilliant= bright a. 光辉的;明亮的170. brittle= breakable a. 脆弱的171. brittle= fragile a. 脆弱的172. broad appeal =wide popularity a. 广泛的吸引力173. broadly =generally ad. 大体上174. broadly= extensively ad. 大体上175. bulk= majority n. 大部份176. bulk= large part n. 大部份177. bulk =major part n. 主体178. bulk= large portion n. 大部份179. bulk= great quantity n. 大部份180. burgeon= expand v. 急速成长181. bustling= lively a. 活跃的182. camouflage= disguise v. 伪装183. camouflage =hide v. 伪装184. camouflage= decorate(装饰) v. 伪装185. camouflage= blend with circumstances v. 伪装186. cardinal= fundamental a. 基本的187. cargo= shipment n. 船货;货物188. celebrated= famous a. 着名的189. central= essential a. 主要的190. certain= specified a. 指定的191. chancy =risky a. 冒险的查看全部：托福必背高频词汇大全(完整版)192. channel =provide v. 提供帮助193. channel =direct v. 引导194. channel =guide v. 引导195. chaotic= disorganized a. 混乱的196. cherish =value v. 珍爱197. chief= major a. 主要的198. chisel =carve v. 刻;凿199. choose= opt v. 选择200. chronic= persistent a. 长期的;不断的201. chronic =confirmed a. 长期的;不断的202. chronic= habitual a. 长期的;不断的203. chronic =inveterate a. 长期的;不断的204chronically=constantly ad. 长期地205. circuitous =indirect a. 迂迴的206. circumstance= condition n. 环境;情况207. cite= quote v. 引用208. cite =refer to v. 引用209. classic =typical a. 典型的210. clear =visible a. 容易看见的211. clear= apparent a. 显然的212. cling to= attach to v. 附着213. close= careful a. 严密的;周密的214. clue= hint n. 线索215. coating= cover n. 覆盖层216. coincide with= be as the same time as v.同时发生217. collaborate= cooperate v. 合作218. collaboration= joint effect n. 合作成果219. collect =gather v. 收集220. collide= hit each other v. 碰撞201. chronic =confirmed a. 长期的;不断的202. chronic= habitual a. 长期的;不断的203. chronic =inveterate a. 长期的;不断的204chronically=constantly ad. 长期地205. circuitous =indirect a. 迂迴的206. circumstance= condition n. 环境;情况207. cite= quote v. 引用208. cite =refer to v. 引用209. classic =typical a. 典型的210. clear =visible a. 容易看见的211. clear= apparent a. 显然的212. cling to= attach to v. 附着213. close= careful a. 严密的;周密的214. clue= hint n. 线索215. coating= cover n. 覆盖层216. coincide with= be as the same time as v.同时发生217. collaborate= cooperate v. 合作218. collaboration= joint effect n. 合作成果219. collect =gather v. 收集220. collide= hit each other v. 碰撞221. collide with =run into v. 碰撞222. commemorate =celebrate v. 庆祝;纪念223. compact =concise a. 紧密的;简明的224. compact= compressed(结实的) a. 紧密的;简明的225. comparable= equivalent a. 可比较的226. comparative = relative a.相当的227. compel =push v. 强迫228. compelling= convincing a. 令人信服的229. compensate= reimburse v. 赔偿;补偿230. compensate for =balance phrv. 赔偿;补偿231. complaint =protest v. 抗议232. complement= supplement n. 补充物233. complement= add to v. 补充234. completely= totally ad. 完全地235. complex= elaborate a. 复杂的236. complex =system n. 复合物;综合体237. complicated =complex a. 复杂的238. complicated =made things more difficult a. 复杂的239. component= constituent a. 组成的240. composition= mixture n. 合成物241. comprehensive= understandable a. 能理解的242. comprehensive= complete a. 全部的243. comprise= form v. 组成244. comprise =make up v. 组成245. concern= interest v. 感兴趣246. conclusive= final a. 最后的247. conclusive= ultimate a. 最后的248. conducive= contributive a. 有助于...的249. configuration= arrangement n. 布局;结构250. configuration= form n. 佈局;结构251. confine =limit/boundary v. 限制252. confront= face v. 面临253. congeal= solidify v. 使凝结254. consecutive= successive a. 连续的255. consequence= result n. 结果;重要性256. consequence =importance n. 结果;重要性257. consequent= later a. 随后的258. consequent= resultant a. 作为结果的259. consequent =resulting a. 作为结果的260. consequential= significant a. 重要的261. consequently= therefore ad. 因此262. consequently= thus ad. 因此263. conserve= save v. 保存264. consider =think as v. 考虑;认为265. consider =view as v. 考虑;认为266. consider =think about v. 考虑;认为认为267. considerable= substantial/significant a. 相当大的268. consist of =compose of v. 由…组成269. consistent= regular a. 一致的270. consistently=regularly ad. 一致地271. conspicuous= notable a. 明显的272. constant =stable a. 固定的;不变的273. constantly =always ad. 经常;不断地274. constellation =collection n. 一系列;一群275. constellation =combination n. 一系列;一群276. constitution= component n. 构造277. constrain =restrict v. 限制278. constraint= limit n. 限制279. constraint= restriction n. 限制280. consume= eat up v. 消耗;吃;喝吃;喝281. consumed= used up v. 消耗282. contemplate= consider v. 沉思283. contentious= disputed a. 好争吵的284. continual= constant a. 不间断的;连续的285. continuous =uninterrupted a. 连续的;持续的286. contrive= create v. 发明287. contrive= invent v. 发明288. conventional= customary a. 习惯的;惯例的289. conventional= traditional a. 习惯的;惯例的290. converging= concentrating a. 收缩的;会聚的291. convert =transform v. 使转变292. convert into= change to v. 转变成293. convict= condemn v. 宣判294. convict =sentence v. 宣判295. convict =doom(判决) v. 宣判296. conviction= belief n. 相信;信念297. conviction =strong belief n. 坚定的信念298. cope with= handle phrv. 应付;处理299. cope with= deal with phrv. 应付;处理300. copious= plentiful a. 丰富的;大量的281. consumed= used up v. 消耗282. contemplate= consider v. 沉思283. contentious= disputed a. 好争吵的284. continual= constant a. 不间断的;连续的285. continuous =uninterrupted a. 连续的;持续的286. contrive= create v. 发明287. contrive= invent v. 发明288. conventional= customary a. 习惯的;惯例的289. conventional= traditional a. 习惯的;惯例的290. converging= concentrating a. 收缩的;会聚的291. convert =transform v. 使转变292. convert into= change to v. 转变成293. convict= condemn v. 宣判294. convict =sentence v. 宣判295. convict =doom(判决) v. 宣判296. conviction= belief n. 相信;信念297. conviction =strong belief n. 坚定的信念298. cope with= handle phrv. 应付;处理299. cope with= deal with phrv. 应付;处理300. copious= plentiful a. 丰富的;大量的301. core =center n. 核心;要点302. correspondence= harmony n. 一致303. corroborate= confirm v. 证实;确证304. costly= expensive a. 贵重的;昂贵的305. counsel =advise v. 忠告306. countless= innumerable a. 数量很多的307. counter= oppose v. 反对308. counter of= in the opposite of a. 相反的309. counterpart= version(版本) n. 复本;副本310. counterpart= similitude(类似物) n. 复本;副本311. counterpart= equivalent(同等物) n. 复本;副本321. critical= essential a. 关键的322. criticize =debate(争论;辩论) v. 批评;责备323. crucial= important a. 重要的324. crucially= decisively ad. 关键地325. crushed =ground a. 碾碎了的326. cumbersome awkward a. 笨重的;麻烦的327. cumbersome= clumsy a. 笨重的;麻烦的328. cumbersome= unwieldy a. 笨重的;麻烦的329. curb= control v. 控制;遏止330. current =present a. 现在的331. dam= block v. 筑坝;控制341. delight= pleasure n. 高兴;愉快342. deluxe= lavish a. 奢华的343. demand= need n. 需要;需求344. demise =extinction n. 死亡345. demography= population n. 人口统计346. dense= crowded a. 稠密的;密集的347. dense= thick a. 稠密的;密集的348. depend= rely on v. 依赖;依靠依靠349. dependable= reliable a. 可信赖的350. depict= describe v. 描述351. depict= portray v. 描写;描绘352. depletion= drain n. 消耗;用尽353. deposit =accumulate v. 沉积354. deposit= lay down v. 放下;放置355. derive= arise v. 源于;导出356. design =create v. 设计357. designate= identify v. 命名;指定358. detractor= critic(批评者) n. 诽谤者;恶意批评者359. detrimental =harmful a. 有害的;不利的360. deviate= digress v. 偏离361. deviation= departure n. 背离362. devise= create v. 设计;发明363. devoid of= lack of a. 缺乏的364. devoid of= without(prep.) a. 缺乏的365. devoid of= scant of a. 缺乏的366. devoted =dedicated a. 虔诚的;专心致志的367. devoted to =concentrated on a. 虔诚的;专心致志的368.discernible = noticeable a. 可感知到，可注意到的369. dictate= determine v. 口授;命令370. dictate= order v. 命令371. differential= uneven a. 差别的;独特的372. diffuse =travel v. 扩散;散布373. diffuse= spread(out) v. 扩散;散布374. diligent= careful a. 勤奋的375. diligently= carefully ad. 勤奋地376. dilute= reduce v. 稀释;使薄弱377. dim= decrease v. 变暗淡378. disassemble= break apart v. 拆开379. disassemble =break up v. 拆开380. disband =dismiss v. 解散;遣散381. discard= throw away v. 摒弃;丢弃382. discard= throw up v. 摒弃;丢弃丢弃383. discernible= noticeable a. 可辨别的384. discernible= discriminating a. 可辨别的385. discharge= release v. 释放386. disentangle =disband v. 解开387. disgust= distaste v. 厌恶388. disintegrate= break apart v. 分解;碎裂389. disintegrate =fall apart v. 分解;碎裂390. disintegrate= tear apart v. 分解;碎裂391. dismantle =demolish v. 拆开;拆除392. disorder= anarchy n. 混乱393. dispensable= not necessary a. 非必要的394. dispersal =distribution n. 散布;驱散395. displace= move out of position v. 迫使(人)离开396. disposition= temperament n. 性格;性情397. dispute= contention n. 争论;争执398. dispute =argument n. 争论;争执399. dissipate= disperse v. 驱散400. dissipated =dispersed a. 分散的401. dissuade =discourage v. 劝阻402. distinct= clear and recognizable a. 清楚的;明确的403. distinction= difference n. 差别404. distinction= honor n. 荣誉405. distinction= excellence n. 优秀;卓越406. distinctive= characteristic a. 有特色的407. distinguish= notice from the difference v. 区别; 识别408. distribute= spread v. 分配;散布409. distribution= dispersion n. 散布410. distribution =geographic range n. 分布区域411. disturb= upset v. 打乱;扰乱412. diverse= distinct a. 不同的413. diversification= emergence of many varieties n. 多样化414. diversity =variety n. 多样性415. divest =deprive v. 剥夺416. divest =get rid of v. 剥夺417. domestic= home a. 家庭的;国内的418. dormant= hibernated a. 休眠的;不活动的419. dormant= inactive a. 休眠的;不活动的420. dramatically= greatly ad. 戏剧性地421. drastic= extreme a. 激烈的;极端的422. drastically =obviously ad. 大大地;彻底地423. drastically =severely(严重地) ad. 大大地;彻底地424. dual =double a. 双的;双重的425. duplicate= copy v. 复制426. duplicate= repeat n. 复本427. durable= lasting a. 经久的;持久的428. earn= acquire v. 赚得;赢得429. ease= facilitate(使容易) v. 使减轻;使缓和430. eccentric= erratic a. 古怪的;反常的431. eccentric =strange a. 古怪的;反常的432. efface= eliminate v. 消去433. elaborate =detailed a. 精巧的;详尽的434. elaborate= dainty a. 精巧的;详尽的435. elapsed =passed a. 过去的;经过的436. element =weather condition n. (恶劣的)天气437. eliminate= remove v. 排除;消除438. elusive =difficult to catch a. 难懂的;难捉摸的439. emanate= emerge v. 散发;产生440. embark on=start v. 从事(着手)441. embed= insert v. 插入;植入442. embed= implant v. 插入;植入443. embed =enclose v. 插入;植入444. emergence= appearance n. 出现445. emergency =crisis n. 紧急情况446. emergent =developing a. 新兴的447. employ= use v. 利用448. enable =allow v. 使能够449. enactment= establishment n. 制定450. encapsulate= state briefly v. 概述451. encourage= stimulate v. 激励;刺激452. endangered= not abundant a. 濒临绝种的453. endeavor= enterprise n. 努力454. endow= bestow v. 捐赠455. engulf= swallow v. 吞没456. enhance= improve v. 提高;增强457. enhance= intensify v. 提高;增强458. enjoy =experience v. 经历459. enlist= obtain v. 谋取(支持、赞助等)460. enormous= great a. 巨大的461. enrich= enhance v. 使富足462. ensue= result v. 因…产生463. ensuing= subsequent a. 接着发生的464. ensure= guarantee v. 保证;担保465. entail=l involve v.牵涉466. enthusiastic= eager a. 热情的467. environment= setting n. 环境468. ephemeral =short-lived a. 短暂的469. ephemeral =transient a. 短暂的470. episode= event n. 事件471. equilibrium= balance n. 平衡472. era =period n. 时代;年代473. eradicate= remove completely v. 根除;消灭474. erect =build v. 建立475. erratic= unpredictable a. 不稳定的;古怪的476. erratic= irregular a. 不稳定的;古怪的477. escalate= extend v. 逐步扩大478. essential= crucial a. 极重要的479. established =qualified a. 已制定的480. establishment =formation(构成) n. 建立;创立481. estimate= projection n. 估计482. estimation =evaluation n. 估计483. euphoric= extremely happy a. 心情愉快的484. evaluate= judge v. 评价485. eventual= later a. 最后的486. eventually= later ad. 最后487. eventually= ultimately ad. 最后488. evidence= proof n. 证据489. evident= apparent a. 明显的490. evident =obvious a. 明显的491. evoke= arouse v. 唤起;引起492. evoke= draw v. 唤起;引起493. evoke=produce v. 唤起;引起494. evoke= promote v. 唤起;引起495. evoke= stimulate v. 唤起;引起496. evoke =create in the mind v. 唤起; 引起497. exaggerate =overstate v. 夸张;夸大498. excavate =dig out v. 挖掘499. excavation =dug-out n. 挖掘500. exceed= surpass v. 超越;胜过501. exceed =beyond above v. 超越;胜过胜过502. exceedingly =extremely ad. 极其;非常503. excess =go beyond n. 超越; 胜过504. exclusively= only ad. 专门地;独占地505. excrete= expel v. 排泄;分泌506. exercise =use v. 运用507. exhausted= tired a. 精疲力竭的508. exhausted= used up a. 耗尽的;用完的509. exhibit =demonstrate v. 展示;陈列510. exhibit =display v. 展示;陈列511. expand= stretch v. 展开;增长512. expand =increase v. 展开;增长513. expanse= area n. 一大片区域514. expansive= large a. 广阔的515. expediency= convenience n. 方便;利己516. expediency= advantage(优势;利益) n.方便;利己517. expedient= fitting a. 权宜的;方便的518. expend= use v. 耗尽519. explicit =obvious a. 明确的;清楚的520. explicitly= clear ad. 明确地521. exploit= utilize v. 利用522. exploit= take advantage of v. 利用523. exploit= make use of v. 利用524. explore= investigate v. 探测;探索525. expose to= subject to (遭受) v. 使经历526. express= communicate v. 表达527. extant= existing a. 现存的;尚存的528. extant =remaining a. 现存的;尚存的529. extant= not extinct a. 现存的;尚存的530. extend= stretch v. 延伸531. extend= reach v. 延伸532. extol =praise v. 赞美533. extraneous= inessential a. 无关的;外来的534. extraneous= from outside a. 无关的;外来的535. extraordinary= exceptional a. 异常的536. exude= release v. 渗出;发散537. exude= give off v. 渗出;发散538. fabricate= produce v. 制造539. far-reaching= extensive a. 深远的;广泛的540. far-reaching= broad a. 深远的;广泛的541. fascinating= extremely attractive a. 迷人的542. fashion= make v. 形成;造543. fashion= way n. 样子;方式544. fashionable =popular a. 流行的;时尚的545. feasible= achievable a. 可实行的546. feasible= practical a. 可实行的547. feast= eating n. 盛宴548. ferry= transport n. 渡轮549. fertile= reproductive a. 肥沃的;多产的550. fertile= productive a. 肥沃的;多产的551. figure out =map(详细规划) phr. 计算出;解决552. finding= discovery n. 发现553. first and foremost =above all phr. 首先;首要地554. flake =fragment n. 小薄片555. flattery= praise n. 恭维556. flee= run away from v. 逃走557. flexible= adaptable a. 易适应的558. float= stay on the top v. 漂浮559. float =upward rise phrv. 浮起560. flourish =prosper v. 繁荣;兴旺561. flourish= thrive v. 繁荣;兴旺562. flourishing= prosperous a. 繁荣的563. flow= movement n. 流动564. fluctuate= change v. 变动565. fluctuation= variation n. 变动;起伏566. focal= point centre area n. 焦点567. follow= track v. 跟随568. for instance= for example phr. 例如569. forage= feed n. 饲料570. forage =search for food v. 觅食571. formidable =excessive a. 巨大的572. foster= encourage v. 鼓励573. foster= urge v. 培养;促进574. foster =promote the development of v.培养;促进575. foul= pollute v. 污染576. fragment= break up v. 使成碎片577. fragmentation= break n. 破裂578. fragmentize= break up v. 使成碎片579. frankly =openly ad. 坦白地580. frankly= sincerely ad. 真诚地581. friction= conflict n. 争执;不合582. function= operation n. 效用;作用583. function= utility n. 效用;作用584. fundamental =basic a. 基础的585. funds= money n. 资金586. furthermore= in addition ad. 此外587. gap= opening n. 缺口;裂口588. gear =adjust v. 使适合589. generate= produce v. 产生590. genuinely =actually ad. 真诚地591.get accustomed to= become used to phrv.习惯592. give rise to= produce phrv. 引起593. given =particular a. 规定的;特定的594. govern= regulate v. 统治;管理595. govern= control v. 统治;管理596. grasp =understand v. 领会;理解597. groom= clean v. 装扮;使整洁598. groom =make up v. 装扮;使整洁使整洁599. groundless =unfounded a. 无根据的600. grounds =reasons n. 根据;理由601. groundwork= base n. 基础602. groundwork= basis n. 基础603. groundwork= foundation n. 基础604. grudging= unenthusiastic a. 勉强的605. guarantee= ensure v. 保证;担保606. hallmark= characteristic n. 戳记，标志607. hamper =district v. 防碍;束缚608. hamper= restrict v. 防碍;束缚609. hamper =make difficulty v. 防碍;束缚610. handy= convenient a. 便利的;灵活的611. haphazard= random a. 随意的612. harness= use v. 利用613. harness= utilize v. 利用614. harsh= drastic a. 严厉的;严酷的615. hasty= hurried a. 匆匆的;急忙的616. haul= pull v. 拉617. have nothing to do with= in no relation to phrv. 不相干618. havoc= destruction n. 浩劫619. hazard =danger n. 危险620. heed= notice v. 留心;注意621. heighten= increase v. 增加;提高622. heir= inheritor n. 继承人;后继者623. hence= therefore ad. 因此624. heritage =legacy n. 遗产;传统625. heritage= tradition n. 遗产;传统626. heterogeneous= varied a. 由不同种类组成的627. hide= conceal v. 隐藏628. hinder= interfere with v. 妨碍629. hint= clue n. 暗示;迹象630. hint= implication n. 暗示;迹象631. hint= indication n. 暗示;迹象632. hint= lead n. 暗示;迹象633. hire= employ v. 雇用634. hobby= pastime n. 嗜好635. hold =support v. 支撑;保持636. hold= keep up v. 支撑;保持保持637. hollow= an empty space n. 中空638. homogeneous =uniform a. 同种的639. host of =great number n. 大量640. however =yet conj. 然而641. hub= center n. 中心642. huge= large a. 巨大的643. hurdle =fence v. 用篱笆围644. hypothetical =supposed a. 假设的;假定的645. ice sheet= glacier(冰河) n. 冰原646. identical= the same a. 同样的647. idiosyncrasies =peculiarity n. 特性648. ignite= set on fire v. 点燃649. illusion= impression(印象) n. 错觉;幻像650. immediately= closest ad. 接近;紧接着651. immense= great a. 巨大的652. immense= huge a. 巨大的653. immense= vast a. 巨大的654. immensely= extremely ad. 非常655. immigration= movement n. 移居656. immobile= fixed a. 固定的;静止的657.immobility= absence of motion n. 固定;静止658. immoral= indecent a. 不道德的659. immoral= improper a. 不道德的660. impermeable= impenetrable a. 不能渗透的661. impermeable =impervious a. 不能渗透的662. impetus= stimulus v. 刺激;促进663. impetus= incentive n. 刺激;促进664. implausible= unbelievable a. 难以置信的665. implement= tool n. 工具666. imply= indicate v. 意味667. imposing= impressive a. 给人深刻印象的668. imprecise= inexact a. 不精确的669. improbable= unlikely a. 不像会发生的670. in fact= actually phr事实上671. in great demand =in popularity phr. 普遍672. in respect to= in term of phr. 就…而言673. inaccessible= unreachable a. 难接近的674. inadvertently= unintentionally ad. 非故意地675. inadvertently =without knowing ad. 非故意地676. inauspicious= unfavorable a. 不吉利的677. incidentally= by the way ad. 顺便一提678. inclement =unfavorable a. (气候)严酷的679. inconceivable= unimaginable a. 难以置信的680. inconclusive= without result(毫无结果) a. 不确定的681. incorporate= include v. 包含682. incorporate= merge v. 吸收;併入683. incursion= invasion n. 入侵684. indicate= demonstrate v. 指示;指出685. indigenous =native a. 本土的;土生土长的686. indispensable =essential a. 不可缺少的687. indispensable= necessary a. 不可缺少的688. indispensable= needed a. 不可缺少的689. indispensable= required a. 不可缺少的690. indispensable= vital a. 不可缺少的691. indispensable= significant(重要的) a.必不可少的692. induce =bring v. 引起693. induce =cause v. 引起694. ineffectively= without any result ad. 无效地695. inert= motionless a. 迟缓的;惰性的696. inert= motiveless a. 迟缓的;惰性的697. inevitable= unavoidable a. 不可避免的698. inference= conclusion n. 推断的结果699. infirm= weak a. 不坚定的;衰弱的700. inflate= expand v. 膨胀;扩大701. infrastructure= foundation n. 基础建设702. ingenious= very clever a. 心灵手巧的703. ingenuity= cleverness n. 心灵手巧;独创性704. ingenuity= creativeness n. 心灵手巧;独创性705. ingenuity= inventiveness n. 心灵手巧;独创性706. ingenuity= resourcefulness n. 心灵手巧;独创性707. inherent= essential a. 内在的;固有的708. inherent= internal a. 内在的;固有的709. inherent= instinctive a. 与生俱来的710. inherent= in characteristic of a. 与生俱来的711. inherently =essentially ad. 固有地712. inhibit =hinder v. 约束;抑制713. inhospitable= unfavorable a. 冷淡的;不适宜的714. inhospitable= adverse a. 冷淡的;不适宜的715. initial= first a. 最初的716. initially =originally ad. 最初;开头717. initiate= begin v. 开始;创始718. initiate =start v. 开始;创始719. innovation =new n. 革新;创新720. innovative= new a. 创新的721. inordinate= excessive a. 过度的722. install= put in place v. 放置，安置723. instant= moment n. 片刻;瞬间724. instantaneous= immediate a. 即刻的725. instigate= incite v. 唆使;煽动726. instructive= informative v. 富有教育意义的727. insufficient= inadequate a. 不足的728. intact= untouched a.完好的729. intangible =nonmaterial a. 无形的730. intangible= immaterial a. 无形的731. integral= essential a. 构成整体所需要的732. intense =strong a. 强烈的733. intentionally= deliberately ad. 有意地;故意地734. intermediate= in-between a./n. 中间的;媒介735. intimate =close a. 亲密的736. intricate= complex a. 复杂的737. intricate =carefully shaped a. 复杂的738. intrigue= interest v. 引发…兴趣。
(完整版)托福TPOextra答案解析和原文翻译
TPO 34阅读解析第一篇Population and Climate【P1】地球人口的增长已经对大气和生态环境产生了影响。
化石燃料的燃烧，毁林，城市化，种植大米，养殖家畜，生产作为助推燃料和制冷剂的CFC增加了空气中CO2，甲烷，二氧化氮，二氧化硫灰尘和CFOs 的含量。
约70%的太阳能量穿过大气直射地球表面。
太阳射线提高了土地和海洋表面的温度，随后土地和海洋表面将红外射线反射会太空中。
这能使地球避免温度过高。
但是并不是所有的红外射线被返回会太空中，一些被大气中的气体吸收，然后再次反射回地球表面。
温室气体就是其中吸收了红外射线的一种气体，然后再次反射一些红外线到地球。
二氧化碳，CFC，甲烷和二氧化氮都是温室气体。
大气中温室效应形成和建立的很自然。
事实上，大气中如果没有温室气体，科学家预测地球温度比当前的能够低33度。
【P2】大气中当前二氧化碳浓度是360ppm。
人类活动正在对大气中二氧化碳浓度的增加有着重要的影响，二氧化碳浓度正在快速增长，目前预估在未来50-100年内，浓度将是目前的一倍。
IPCC在1992中做出一份报告，在该份报告中大多数大气科学家中观点一致，预测二氧化碳浓度翻倍可能会将全球气温提高1.4-4.5度。
IPCC在2001年的报告中做出的预测是气温几乎将会提高2倍。
可能发生的气温升高比在冰河时期发生的变化要大很多。
这种温度的升高也不会是一直的，在赤道周围变化最小，而在极点周围的变化则是2-3倍。
这些全球变化的本地化影响很难预测，但是大家一致认为可能会影响洋流的改变，在北半球的一些区域可能增加在冬天发洪水的可能性，在一些区域夏天发生干旱的概率提高，还有海平面的升高也可能会淹没位置较低的国家。
【P3】科学家积极参与地球气候系统中物理，化学和生物成分的调查，为了对温室气体的增加对未来全球气候的影响做出准确预测。
全球环流模型在这个过程中是重要的工具。
这些模型体现包含了当前对大气环流模式，洋流，大陆影响和类似东西所掌握的知识，在变化的环境下预测气候。
Toefl iBT 高分作文高频词汇
T o e f l i B T高分作文高频词汇AAbove-mentioned adj.上述的Accolade n.称赞Aesthetic adj.审美的Affection n.友情；爱情Age-old adj.古老的Adage n.格言Adept adj.熟练的Adversity n.逆境Adversary n.对手Appease v.平息，安抚，缓和，使满足Approximately adv.大约Apex n.顶点，高潮Aptitude n.才能，才华Attest v.证明；表明Ailment n.疾病Ambassador n.使者，大使Amiable adj.和蔼的Anatomy n.解剖学Anarchic adj.无政府主义的Anarchy n.无政府状态，政治混乱Antisocial adj.孤僻的，不善社交的;反社会的Aquatic adj.水的，水生的Assimilation n.同化Asthma n.哮喘Amicably adv.友好地Assume v.假定，假如Asset n.资源Attribute n.特征Athletically adv.运动性地Awry adj.错误的Arena n.舞台；领域Array n.展示，排列，盛装Artificially adv.人工地Acquaintanceship n.相识Authority n.负责人Autographe n.亲笔签名Alarmingly adv.惊人地Alter v.改变Alleged adj.所谓的Ark n.方舟BBarmaid n.酒吧女招待Barbeque n.烧烤；烤肉野餐Bare adj.无遮蔽的；赤裸的；秃的Barren adj.荒芜的Basal adj.基础的Balcony n.阳台Bulb n.电灯泡Buzzword n时髦词汇，漂亮口号Boast v.自夸，以拥有~而自豪Bond v.维系，联结Bonding adj.联络感情的Bonus n.奖赏Blameworthy adj.该受责备的Blockbuster n.一鸣惊人者Bustling adj.繁忙的，热闹的；熙熙攘攘的CCast n.投掷，抛射Camaraderie n.友情，同志之爱Catalyst n.催化剂；接触剂Captivate v.迷住，迷惑Charismatic adj.有超凡魅力的Cholesterol n.胆固醇Coerce v.强制，强迫Collective adj.集合的，共同的Confine v.限制，禁闭Complex n.综合性建筑Compromising adj.妥协的，让步的Commute v.每天往返上班；定期往返于两地间Copious adj.很多的，丰富的Conceive v.构思，以为Conceivable adj.可想象的，可能的Connotation n.涵义，言外之意Conjure v.想象，变出Conjecture n.推测Considerably adv,相当大地Counterpart n.极为相似的人或物，副本；对应物Connoisseur n.鉴赏家Corresponding adj.相应的，通讯的Controversial adj.争论的，争议的Contemplate v.沉思Coupling n.联结，接合，耦合Conceptual adj.概念上的Conductive adj.有助于~的Confront v.面对Congest v.使充满，使拥塞Console v.安慰，慰藉Consumption n.消费；消费量Consensus n.共识，意见一致Consistent adj.始终如一的Controversial adj.有争议的Couch n.睡椅Courtesy n.礼貌Core n.中心Copious adj.丰富的Civic adj.市的，市政的Closeness n.亲密Crucial adj.决定性的Culinary adj.厨房的，厨房用的Curl v.蜷曲Chunk n.大块，相当大的数量Cuisine n.烹饪DDay-to-day adj.日常的，例行的Dean n.院长Debris n.碎石Decent adj.不错的，相当好的Decomposition n.分解，腐败，腐烂Democratic adj.民主的，民主主义的Depravity n.堕落，腐坏Desensitize v.使不敏感Determinative n.起决定性作用的事Detrimental adj.有害的Degradation n.堕落，退化Demographic adj.人口的，人口统计学的Documentary n.纪录片Disc jockey（DJ）电台音乐节目主持人Discern v.洞悉，识别Disheveled adj.不整洁的Distract v.分散~的注意力Dissemination n.分发，传播Dramatically adv.戏剧性地；剧烈地；引人瞩目的Drastically adv.激烈地Dissipate v.驱散Disposal n.布置，安排Disseminate v.散布Discourse n.谈话，讲话Discipline n.修养Disguise n.伪装Dissipate v.消散Divine adj.神的，神圣的Divergent adj.有分歧的，不同的Distinctive adj.与众不同的，有特色的Dramatically adv.极大地Duplicate n.完全相同的东西EEcosystem n.生态系统Elevator n.电梯Etcetera n.附加的人；附加物；等等Etiquette n.礼节Esteem n.尊重；尊敬Enamel n.瓷釉；vt.涂上瓷釉Entertainer n.演艺人员Enduring adj.持久的Engross v.用大字体书写；吸引Endeavor n.努力，尽力Endow v.赋予Enchant adj.使~入迷Ethics n.道德规范，伦理Endorse v.认可，签署Enforce v.实施，执行；强迫Errand n.差事Epitomize v.摘要；成为···缩影Emanate v.散发，发出；发源Embody vt.具体表达，包含Empathy n.通感Empirical adj.根据经验的，实用的Endeavor n,努力，尽力Excel v.优秀，胜过别人Exceptionally adv.格外地，特别地Exceedingly adv.及其，非常Expertise n.专门技能；专门知识Exploitative adj.开发资源的Explicitly adv.明白地Exponentially adv.成指数地，越来越快地Exorbitant adj.昂贵的Exorbitantly adv,过分地Equation n.相等，平衡，综合体Equalizer n.平衡器Elimination n消除Evoke v.唤起，引起FFancy adj.花哨的Fame n.声明，声望Fatal adj.致命的，重大的Flora n.植物Framework n.框架，构架，结构Feat n.技艺，功绩forge v.塑造Foster v.培养Frivolously adv.轻浮地，愚昧地Frivolity n.无聊的东西Fulfilling adj.有成就感的，有满足感的Flawlessly adv.无误地Flavor n.滋味Flip v.快速翻动，轻抛GGaiety n.欢乐的气氛Gear v.使适用于，调整，搭配活动Gesture n.表示Gloat v.心满意足Gracious adj.亲切的，高尚的Grant n.赠款Gospel n.真理Greenery n.草木Gross v.总共赚得Grumble n.怨言v.抱怨Grim adj.严峻的Grinding adj.折磨的HHaggard adj.憔悴的Halt n.停住，止步Hands-on adj.亲身实践的Handcrafted adj.手工的Handmade adj.手工制作的Habitual adj.习惯性的Habitat n.栖息地Hasty adj.轻率的Harness v.掌握Hearty adj.丰盛的Healing adj.有治疗功用的Heavy adj.油腻的Harshly adv.严厉地，苛刻地Hibernation n.冬眠Hindrance n.障碍Hygienic adj.卫生的Humanoid adj.人形的Humble adj.卑微的，微贱的Hectic adj.发热的，兴奋的Heavenly adj.神圣的IIconic adj.图标的Idolize v.极度崇拜Incredibly adv.非常,极端地Indecision n.优柔寡断，犹豫不决Inevitably adv.不可避免地Ingrained adj.根深蒂固的Impulsive adj.冲动的Implement n.工具；器具Immobility n.牢固Inherent adj.内在的，与生俱来Intelligent adj.智能的Intensive adj.集中的Intently adv.专注地，专心的Incorporate v.综合，合并Intricate adj.错综复杂的Intimate adj.亲密的Intensity n.强度Intense adj.极端的Indulge vi.沉溺Ideological adj.意识形态的，思想的Introverted adj.性格内向的；含蓄的Intrinsic adj.内在的，本质的Irrefutably adv.无可辩驳地Interact vi.相互交往Innumerable adj.数不清的，无数的Innocent adj.纯真的Innovation n.改革创新Innovative adj.创新的Irritating adj.令人不愉快的Insight n.见识，见解（+on) Inexpert adj.不熟练的Infamous adj.声名狼藉的Indispensable adj.不可缺少的Inspiration n.灵感Inseminate v.向~授精Immune adj.免疫的Illustrate v.举例说明，阐明Ill adj.卑劣的Impoverish v.使贫穷，使枯竭Impair v.削弱Indicator n.指示器；指示针；指标Intensely adv,剧烈地，热情地Intensive adj.密集的Interrelate v.互相关联Interrupted adj.被中断的Intertwine v.(使)缠绕Intricate adj.错综复杂的Irreconcilable adj.不协调的，矛盾的Inevitably adv,不可避免地Indulge v.迁就JJasmine n.茉莉，素馨，淡黄色Juxtaposition n.毗邻，并置，并列KKinship n.亲密关系LLaminate n.层压板Lavatory n.洗手室，厕所Likelihood n.可能性Logic n.逻辑Lonesome adj.感到寂寞的MMarshland n.沼泽地Metaphysics n.玄学Metropolis n.首都，大都会Metaphor n.隐喻，暗喻，比喻说话Massive adj.厚重的，大块的Maturity n.成熟，到期，完备Manifest v.出现；表明Manual n.手册；指南Maid n.仆人Malevolent adj.有恶意的，坏心肠的Manipulative adj.操纵的，控制的；巧妙处理的Messy adj.凌乱的，杂论的Merit n.优点Memento n.纪念品Monetary adj.货币的，金钱的Migration n.迁徙Misinterpretation n.曲解，误译Mystical adj.神秘的Monotonous adj.单调的，无变化的Mountainous adj.山一般的，巨大的Mode n.方式，样式Myth n.神话NNamely adv.即，也就是Navigate v.航行，航海；驾驶Nomad n.游牧民Nominal adj.金额极小的Norm n.标准，规范Notoriety n.恶名，声名狼藉；名声远扬Notorious adj.声名狼藉的Notoriously adv.臭名昭著地，众所周知地Nicotine n.尼古丁Nuance n.颜色，意义等细微差别OOblivion n.遗忘Occurrence n.事件Off-limits adj.禁止入内的Overall 总的来说Overwhelming adj.压倒性的Overwhelmingly adv.极其Onlooker n.旁观者，观众Outlet n.途径，发泄途径Outperform v.比~做得好PProgrammer n.程序员Partial adj.Parallel n.平行线，平行面Partake v.参加，参与；享受Paycheck n.付薪水的支票；薪水Patriotic adj.爱国的，有爱国心的Parvenu n.暴发户Photosynthesis n.光合作用Pockmark n.痘痕，麻子Poignantly adv.（味觉，嗅觉方面）刺激地Pop n.汽水Postage n.邮资，邮费Posit v.提出以供考虑或研究的建议；假定，认为Porthole n.通道Prevalent adj.普通的；流行的Preoccupy v.使全神贯注，迷住Prickly adj.易怒的Perception n.感知Peer n.同伴，同辈；同等的人；v.盯着看Perfume n.香水Pester v.纠缠Procrastinate v,延迟，耽搁Prophet n.先知，预言家Profound adj.深远的Proficient adj.熟练地，精通的Propose v,建议，向~提议Puberty n.青春期Prominent adj.卓越的，显著的Prolong vt.延长Prosperity n.兴旺，繁盛Precise adj.精确的，准确的Presumptuous adj.自以为是的Preferable adj.可取的Phonograph n.留声机，电唱机Phase n.阶段Phenomenal adj.出众的，非常的Photography n.摄影，摄影术Perspective n.观点，看法；见解，洞察Perceive v.理解，领悟Plague v.折磨，使苦恼Playful adj.活泼的，有趣的Plethora n.过多，过剩Plumbing n.管道装置Prominent adj.突出的，显著的Prudent adj.谨慎的，慎重的Present v.介绍，引荐Publicist n.公共关系顾问Picturesque adj.独特的QQuery n.质问RRatio n.比例，比率Readily adv.容易地Rookie n.新手；新兵Recruit v.聘用Refresh v.使恢复精神Rejuvenate v.使恢复活力Remedy n.补救法Retain v.保持，保留Resounding adj.响亮的Repetitive adj.重复的；反复性的Revelation n.显示，揭露，启示Relevant adj.有实际重要性的Regarding prep.关于~Ripple n.波动，起伏Reject v.否认Resume n.个人简历Reckon v.认为SSanitation n.卫生设备；环境卫生Sanctuary n.避难所Savvy adj.有见识的Savor v.尽情享受Spark v.激发Scrutiny n.详细审查Stationary adj.固定的Stable adj.稳定的Stability n.稳定性Stimulating v.促进Serenity n.平静Sensation n.感情，耸人听闻的Sensible adj.合理的Self-perceived adj.自以为的Soothing adj.平静的Sooth v.使~平静Shed v.流下；流出，发散Showcase n.陈列柜；v.使~展现Slumber n.睡眠Silt n.泥沙Signify v.象征，预示Sizable adj.相当大的Socialize v.交往Solely adv.独自地，单独地；仅仅Solidify v.巩固Sophisticated adj精致的，复杂的，富有经验的Socialization n.交际Spacious adj.宽敞的Spontaneously adv.自然地Sportsmanship n.运动家精神Stimulus n.促进(因素)；刺激(物) Stimulating adj.刺激的，有刺激性的Stool n.马桶Subtlety n.微妙Supplement v.辅助Supervise v.监督Surpass v.超越，胜过Sub-culture n.亚文化，次文化Subjective adj.主观的Subconsciously adv.下意识地Sustainability n.可持续性Susceptible adj.易得病的Studious adj.勤学的，认真的Strategy n.策略，计策Steady adj.平稳的，稳定的Sneaker n.运动鞋Succinctly adv.简洁地，简便地Speculation n.思索TTaboo adj.禁忌的，忌讳的Tardy adj.迟到Tantrum n.发怒Tedious adj.单调乏味的Trailer n.追踪者Transpire v.蒸发Tolerance n.宽容Tolerant adj.包容的Topsoil n.地表土Token n.筹码，信物，纪念品Thoughtful adj.善于思考的Toil n.辛苦；苦工Toss v.投掷Thrift n.节俭，节约Thrive v.兴旺，繁荣Titillate v.瘙痒；使愉快Time-honored adj.历史悠久的Turbulent adj.骚动的，动乱的UUnderage adj.未成年的，未到法定年龄的Uncaring adj.漠不关心的，冷漠的Uncouth adj.粗俗的Uninformed adj.未充了解情况的，莽撞的Utilize v.利用Utilitarian adj.实际的Utmost adj.极度的，最大的Unwind v.放松，松弛Ultimately adv.最终地Urinal n.小便处；尿壶Upheaval n.剧变VVancouver n.温哥华Vaccination n.接种疫苗Valid adj.合理的；正确的Venture v.冒险Venue n.审判地，犯罪地点Versatile adj.多方面的Vicious adj.恶意的Vedioconference n.视频会议Visionary n.空想家，梦想者Visualize v.想象出Visibly adv.显然地Vigorous adj.强大的Virtual adj.虚拟的V oice n.发言权Vulnerable adj.脆弱的WWary adj.小心谨慎的Warrant v.授权，证明Wasteland n.废墟Weld v.焊接Westernization n.西化Well-adjusted 有教养的Whence adv&conj.从那里Whereas adj.鉴于，而~ Whatsoever adv.任何地Wield v.支配，掌握，拥有Withstand v.抵御，承受Workout n.体育锻炼；测验XYZ。
托福tpo阅读高频词汇tpo 1
n.嗜好；倾向
timberline
n.树带界线
moisture
n.水分；湿度；潮湿；降雨量
velocity
n.速率；迅速；周转率
snowdrift
n.随风飘飞的雪；被风刮在一起的雪堆
gravel
n.碎石；砂砾vt.用碎石铺；使困惑
moss
n.苔藓；泥沼vt.使长满苔藓
tundra
n.苔原；冻原；冻土地带
vt.建议；打算，计划；求婚vi.建议；求婚；打算
frost
vt.结霜于；冻坏vi.结霜；受冻
saturate
vt.浸透，使湿透；使饱和adj.浸透的，饱和的
refine
vt.精炼，提纯；改善；使…文雅
browse
vt.浏览；吃草n.浏览；吃草
bury
vt.埋葬；隐藏
confront
vt.面对；遭遇；比较
oral
adj.口头的，口述的n.口试
adjacent
adj.邻近的，毗连的
deciduous
adj.落叶性的，脱落性的；非永久性的
entire
adj.全部的，整个的；全体的
gymnastic
adj.体操的，体育的
crystalline
adj.透明的；水晶般的；水晶制的
dramatic
adj.戏剧的；引人注目的；激动人心的
adv.流行地，普遍地
universally
adv.普遍地；人人；到处
thereafter
adv.其后；从那时以后
subtropics
n. [地理]亚热带
outwash
n. [地质]冰水沉积；消融，冲蚀
托福阅读词汇题单词汇总TPO1-49
TPO1:Dramatic 剧烈的，戏剧化的–- striking显著的、突出的、惊人的Prevalent普遍的，常见的–- predictable可预见的Championed 拥护、支持–- SupportedAttributes把。
归于-- ascribesAutonomous自主的、自治的、自发的–independentPenchant倾向、嗜好、趣味-- inclination倾向Incredible令人难以置信的-- UnbelievableOut of sight看不见、在视野之外-- hiddenOverlie 躺在 . 。
上面，覆盖在。
上面-- CoverSo much for–That is enough aboutPlugged插入、填满–filled upTPO2:Threatened – endangeredDelicate易碎的、纤弱的–fragile易碎的Progressively渐进的、日益增多的–increasinglyDevoid of没有、缺乏– lacking inPrecious宝贵的、珍贵的–valuableExposed 暴露的–visiblePropulsion推进–moving forwardReadily 轻而易举的–easilyAssistance 帮助–helpExpanded 扩充的、展开的–was enlargedTPO3:Feasible 可行的–achievableEnhance 增加、提高–improveDevised 设计、发明–createdIntegral完整的、必须的–essential基本的、必要的Arduous 艰巨的、困难的–difficultEnsuring 跟随，接下来–subsequentUnprecedented史无前例的–unlike anything in the pastVirtually几乎、实际上、事实上–almostInevitable不可避免的、必然的–unavoidableParticular特别的、特定的–specificGuarantee 保证、确保–ensurePale苍白、使失色–loses significanceAdjacent 相邻–neighbouringTPO4Inhibits阻止，阻拦–restrictsIn the same breath–immediatelyIndefinite period没有限制的时间段–whose end has not been determined Rebound 反弹–recovery恢复Marked 标记的、明显的、显著的–considerablePrincipal主要的–majorTrappings 装饰–decorationAccumulate沉积、聚集、累积–build up增进、积累Adjacent – nearbySloping 倾斜的、斜坡的–incliningFoul弄脏、污染–polluteTPO5:Exhibit显示、显出– showFacilitate促进、帮助、使容易–make easierSuspended悬垂、悬挂– hungAfford给予、提供– offerOverwhelming压倒性的、势不可挡的– powerfulImplements实施、执行、工具–toolsUndisputed无可辩驳的、毫无疑问的–acknowledge广为承认的Significant显著的、重要的– importantRelatively相对地–comparativelyDiversification多样化– emergence of many varieties出现很多种类Promote促进、提升– encourageTPO6:Exploited开采、开发、利用、剥削–utilizedVastly极大地– greatlyGrew accustomed习惯于–became used toRetained 保留、保持–maintainedRudimentary 基本的、初步的–basicMeticulously仔细地–carefullyEndure忍耐、耐久–survived存活，从。
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adj.生活机能学的
likewise
adv.同样地,也
majestically
adv.雄伟地,威严地,庄重地
disposal
n.处理,支配,排列
cluster
n.串,群,丛; v.丛生;成群;使聚集
magnitude
n.大小,光度,重要
nitrogen
n.氮
culminating
n.猛然落下;急躁;猛冲;鲁莽
embryo
n.胚胎;胚芽;胎儿
outpost
n.前哨,边区村落
panel
n.嵌板,座谈小组,仪表板v嵌镶板propellant
n.使推进之物,推进燃料,发射火药
adj.推进的
latitude
n.纬度;回旋余地,自由;纬度地区;曝光宽容
consensus
n.一致;舆论;合意;共识
incorporate
v.合并,具体表现,使组成公司;合并;组成公司;混合
adj.合并的,一体化的,公司组织的
deteriorate
v.使恶化;使退化;使下降;使堕落;恶化;退化;质量下降;堕落
absorb
v.吸收;使全神贯注;汲取,理解
托福36套词表汇总TPO extra 1
TPO-extra 1
hierarchical
adj.等级制度的;有统治权的;僧侣统治的;等级体系的
disruptive
adj.分裂性的,破裂的
feudal
adj.封建制度的,领地的,封地的
biotic
adj.关于生命的;生物的
coniferous
adj.结球果的
n.顶点;高潮的到达
urbanization
n.都市化;文雅化
drought
n.干旱;缺乏
feedback
n.回授;反应;反馈
assemblage
n.集会,集合,装配
methane
n.甲烷;沼气
deforestation
n.砍伐森林
incidence
n.落下;落下方式;影响;发生率
precipitation