jack-london-英文介绍
杰克伦敦
简介
杰克 · 伦敦，原名为约翰 · 格利菲斯 · 伦敦（ John Griffith London ），美国著名的现实主义作家，生 于旧金山。他在一个既无固定职业又无固定居所的 家庭中长大。 24 岁开始写作，去世时年仅 40 岁。从 1900 年起，他连续发表和出版了许多小说，讲述美 国下层人民的生活故事，揭露资本主义社会的罪恶。 他的作品大都带有浓厚的社会主义和个人主义色彩。 他的作品在全世界都广为流传，是最受中国读者欢 迎的外国作家之一。他一生著述颇丰， 16 年中留下 了19部长篇小说、150多篇短篇小说以及大量文学报 告集，还写了3个剧本以及相当多的随笔和论文。最 著名的有《马丁 · 伊登》、《野性的呼唤》、《白 牙》、《热爱生命》等小说。他是世界文学史上最 早的商业作家之一，因此被誉为商业作家的先锋。
“谷底一片潮湿，浓厚的苔藓，像海绵一样，紧贴 在水面上。他走一步，水就从他脚底下溅射出来，他 每次一提起脚，就会引起一种吧哑吧哑的声音，因为 潮湿的苔藓总是吸住他的脚，不肯放松。”
生动地将浓厚的苔藓比喻作海绵，为后一句话中所 描述的主人公在如此潮湿的环境艰难地跋涉埋下伏笔， 正是有前面提到的海绵，才会有后文生动的“吸”住 他的脚。
《热爱生命》
一个美国西部的淘金者在返回的途中在越过一条小河 时扭伤了脚腕，他的伙伴一一比尔无情地抛弃了他， 他独自在荒原上寻找着出路。脚伤让他每前进一步都 非常困难，更可怕的是难以忍受的饥饿。就在他的身 体非常虚弱的时候，他遇到了一只生病的狼。他发现 这只病狼跟在他的身后，舔着他的血迹尾随着他。就 这样，两个濒临死亡的生灵拖着垂死的身躯，在荒原 上互相猎取对方。为了活着回去、为了战胜这匹令他 作呕的病狼，最终在人与狼的战斗中人获得了胜利， 他咬死了狼，喝了狼的血。最终他获救了，使生命放 射出耀眼的光芒。
Jack London英文简介
Jack London英文简介杰克;伦敦，美国现实主义作家，一共写过19部长篇小说，150多篇短篇小说和故事，3部剧本等，下面是给大家整理的Jack London英文简介，供大家参阅!Jack London简介Jack London, formerly known as John Griffith London (January 12, 1876 - November 22, 1916), American realist writer. He has written 19 novels, more than 150 short stories and stories, 3 plays and so on. The main works are: novel collection "wolf's son", novella "wild call", "love life", "white teeth", novel "sea wolf", "iron hoof" and "Martin Eden" and so on.Jack London was born in 1876 in San Francisco, a bankrupt family of farmers. Because of family poverty, since childhood engaged in physical labor. When child labor, loading and unloading workers and sailors, and then wandering around the United States. Rely on labor income was admitted to the University of California at Berkeley, because of poverty was forced to drop out after joining Alaska and other gold rushranks. In the early years of the rough life experience for his later engaged in the creation of a rich source, his creative thinking is more complex, by Marx, Spencer, Nietzsche and other people influence, in his youth works, beating to the capitalism The pulse of social challenges, after the fame gradually into extreme individualism and emptiness, November 22, 1916 taking morphine over death.Jack London人物经历Early experienceJack London was born on January 12, 1876 in California, a bankrupt family of farmers. In childhood he had the taste of poverty and hardship. At the age of eight, in order to make a living, he had to go to a livestock farm as a shepherd. After the age of 10, he began in San Francisco near the city of Auckland when the newsboy, dock workers, sailors sailors, lin factory workers and so on. During this period, Jack London began to read a lot of novels and other books. At the age of 16, he was unemployed, had to wander in the eastern United States and Canada, living in the slums of the metropolis, and was "unemployed loitering" and arrested and imprisoned, a few months later to regain freedom.The poor and the lack of joy in childhood made Jack London mature early. Jack London had to work halfway fromthe age of 10, and whenever possible, he would spend his time reading. At the age of nine, Jack London has been familiar with the Washington Wales wrote the Spanish travel "Al Khan La". He also read some of the novels borrowed from the hired workers, what he caught at what. Jack London 11 years old left the ranch came to Auckland, in the free public library hungry to read the first book can be borrowed. Until 16 years old, he has been working - reading, reading - workmanship. Because the poor Jack London primary school after graduation to work, about 10 years old began to do newsboy and canned workers, in the street fighting in the training of a skill, became a small rogue head. His favorite activity is driving a vessel. At the age of 13, he had been driving the boat through the storm in the San Francisco Bay, others almost hard to believe, but that is the truth. Later, he saved a little money, bought a boat, the original is for fun, and soon after they met the ostrich thieves, they also do not like the cost of doing business. He gathered a group of companions, sailing to steal the San Francisco Bay farmer's oysters, and even burn someone else's boats. He fights alcoholism, laughs and races, and battles on hundreds of miles of sea. Soon he met the Bay Patrol, and vice versa to catch the oyster thieves.At the age of 17 he was on a hunting boat sailor, after North Korea, Japan, to the Bering Sea area to go hunting seals. On the way he passed the cold, storm, the most heavy hard labor training, participated in the hunting of various activities of the seal. Because from childhood in the Gulf to play the boat, he was a boat, in the age of the ship was small but won the praise of the owner and colleagues. But also because of the small beaten, able to participate in the sailors are the most brutal activities, so he paid a lot of friends, listening to many interesting and terrible stories. These are valuable materials of his ocean novels. "Sea Wolf" describes the rich life of the hunting seal ship is a wonderful example. The ocean life was so hard, but he did not forget to read, and when he returned to San Francisco Bay, he had finished the blessing of Lady Flattery and Tolstoy's Anna Card Lenina ".The road to literatureVoyage return to his own experience written as a prose "Japanese Haikou typhoon", participated in the "Voice" magazine writing contest, won the first prize, get twenty dollars (second, three are college students) The Jack London, who had only received primary education, showed his creative talents for the first time, thanks to hisusual hard work - he carefully read the excellent works of the literary masters and developed the habit of taking notes. Perhaps he is encouraged by this, embarked on the road of literature.At this time Jack London has been awakened from the early ignorance. He determined to master the most advanced technology: electrical, then to the Auckland tram company to job. He told the manager that he was willing to eat what he was trying to master. The manager allowed him to work for thirteen hours a day, without a Sunday, and he was tired and alive. Then he knew that there were actually two workers who had gone to work at the top of the day. The two men were $ 40 a month, eighty yuan, and he took thirty dollars a month. And a person who went to work by his top because there are three sons to feed, but can not for life, committed suicide. This is a very profound lesson for Jack London, he angrily threw out the hands of the coal shovel.The hard labor let him know a terrible truth: no matter how strong and strong, ten years, twenty years after there will always be more young and powerful people to take over him, threw him into the garbage heap.In 1904, he joined the unemployed team from SanFrancisco to Washington to petition the east coast. He was on the way for some reason out of the team, they steal the train in the North American wandering, with the car police, flight attendants hide and seek, travel around the country, as a pleasure. He was arrested and sentenced to thirty days of hard labor, witnessed the appalling reality of the American prison. After he was released, he steal the train to the west coast of Canada, and then from the sailor south, back to San Francisco. This special form of travel gave him a wealth of life experience, especially the experience of poor tramps. He understood the truth: the most concerned about the poor are often poor people.He has been interested in reading, even when doing Oyster thieves also read many books on his boat. He began to read a lot. He read the works of Saint Simon, Fourier, and Proudhon, and understood the evil of private property; he even read Marx's "communist manifesto" and understood how communism was going on.In order to study he was 19 years old when he entered the Auckland Middle School, ready to test university, while joining the Socialist Party. He attended the workers' rally, delivered a fierce speech, advocated the destruction of theexisting social order, and had been arrested. When he was studying at Auckland High School, he published the novel "Ogasawara Islands" in the school's newspaper, which lasted two months, so that he was more interested in literature. In 1897, 21-year-old Jack London entered the University of California at Berkeley (UC Berkeley), but after the shortage of funds from Berkeley dropped out of school.He had hoped to rely on labor for a living, continue to study, but found that it is almost a fantasy. He worked in a laundry workshop, tired and dead, there is no time and energy to study. In his reading dream on the brink of collapse, Alaska found the news of gold, brought him a new hope. In March 1897, Jack London set foot on the gold rush.He got a little support, and three companions prepared eight thousand pounds of material to prepare for the winter in the Crocker. They had overcome the difficulties before the arrival of the winter, and went through the Yukon River near the Arctic, where he spent the winter.On the way to the Yukon River Valley, London's clever craftsmanship gave a wonderful opportunity to perform. They cut their own wood, made two ships, along the YukonRiver downstream sailing. On the way they met a turbulent river, many people have tried to pass and fail, that the river is unable to cross the day of danger, but Jack London said he was sure to pass. He really and two companions driving a boat in the crowd of cheers in the Enron through the rapids, and then come back to drive the second boat. This caused a lot of dilemma of the attention of the gold rush, they continue to ask Jack to help the ship through the rapids. Jack London asked each boat for twenty-five dollars in remuneration, he at the helm, and partners together with a scattered wooden boat passing through the dangerous area. They made three thousand dollars for this. They could have earned five more, but they had no time, and they had to go downstream before the winter.He read many books in the winter camp of Yukon River, such as Darwin's "origin of species", Spencer's "primary principle", Marx's "capital theory", and Milton's "Paradise Lost" and Brown Ning's poem. These people in the "sea wolf" to see the sea wolf Larsen read, and Fan Weiden, Brewster discussed.Unfortunately, they did not have fresh fruit and vegetables,Jack London had scurvy, had to go home. He and his companions drove a ship, with 19 days to finish the 1900 miles range, came to the Bering Strait, from there to return to California. In this period of time he has sketched out some of the outline of the novel, and later wrote out for their own to win the immortal fame, but also to some of the people and the dog's story widely circulated, which will have "wild call "Rick the dog and some other people. After returning from Yukon, he had a little money and read many books. He read very hard, working 19 hours a day. He read economics, read history and historical writings, read biology, anthropology and philosophy, and read a lot of literary works. In his novel Martin Eden, the hero Martin Eden who saw a very hard study of this extremely hard life.Jack London's father died, in order to bear the family life, he began to odd jobs. When looking for work, Jack London wrote "down the river", but the manuscript to return to the. Waiting for the date of rejection, he wrote a twenty thousand outrageous serial novel, but also to return to the. Although the manuscripts were returned twice, Jack London was still out of time to write, continue to write new themes. Finally, "mainland magazine"published his first novel - "Cheers for the hurry", royalties only to the 5 yuan. Soon, "black cat" magazine and out of 40 yuan to write a novel, so, finally have a turn for the better.Transition journalistIn 1900, Jack London's first novel collection "The Wolves" was published, immediately for him to obtain a great reputation and considerable generous income. At the invitation of the American News Agency, he went to Africa to interview the Boer War, and in London, the news agency changed the way, calling him not. At that time he was in the United States as a sailor to the London slums lived for more than three months, deep into the life there, made a detailed investigation, made first-hand information, returned after the publication of the newspaper "people in the abyss" The This book made him famous among American socialists.In 1904 he accepted the Hearst newspaper hiring, to the Far East interview the news of the Russo-Japanese War. He came to Japan, saw the Japanese government deliberately retreating the intention of national journalists, they quietlywent to Nagasaki, would like to catch a ship to North Korea to the front, but the Japanese police as a Russian spy caught stand up. After the release he took a small motorboat to North Korea's Busan. There is no one hundred people on the motorboat food, can not shelter, only in the cold on the deck to sleep. To Busan he got a canopy boat, hired three non-English-speaking Koreans to help, on their own driving skills into the Yellow Sea, along the coast, in the cold forty degrees and the wind Sailed for six days and six nights, and finally arrived in Incheon. At this time he has been black and blue, feet, fingers and ears are frozen, but he took a break after the start again. This time he was riding a horse, for several weeks of horseback march took him to Pyongyang, it was already all the war correspondent can reach the most northern point. Where he was put into jail for the second time by the Japanese. After he was released from prison, he was only forty miles away from the front, from which there was a story and a lot of photos, completed the other journalists did not complete the task. He was again threatened with another arrest until he was intervened by the President of the United States. In the completion of the task of the interview, Jack repeatedly in the cold driving a canopy without sailing, soharsh life has a very personal experience. "Sea Wolf" has a vivid description of this life.Roaming the worldIn 1906, he decided to build a ship, driving himself around the world. He is expected to travel for seven years, a week around the earth, but he is not a good financial home, shipbuilding almost became a joke. That boat originally planned to spend seven thousand dollars, in fact, let him spend a few million, and a lot of problems. He can not wait, relied on his ability to sail on the departure, but he reluctantly to the ship to Hawaii, they had to start repair, after repair has been very difficult to open to Australia. The ship has been unable to move forward, he had to sell it to three thousand dollars low, the end of this time although the romantic but failed voyage.However, he still created amazing results in that voyage. He had driven the very bad boat from Hawaii to Massachusetts. At that time, the "Pacific Shipping Guide" pointed out that due to the impact of equatorial currents and trade winds, the currents were unusually complicated, and no one had ever traveled, but Jack London had driven a barely repaired ship through his death The Hewas infected with a strange disease on the way. In the "sea wolf" we read the tropical ocean and trade winds for the poetic description of the material, the material is about from here to get.DeathOn Tuesday, November 21, 1916, Jack London plans to go to New York the next day, and plans to take a long walk to see the Chicago tournament, buy some fine cattle, but that night he took excessive morphine death. There was a book on his desk, and he wrote some numbers of dollars. When he was suffering from uremia, but the doctor that the uremia as his death is not convincing. Then there are only two explanations: suicide, or the calculation of the wrong dose. From his daytime arrangements, not like suicide; but then the important dose calculation is also an error is also difficult to accept.Jack London英文简介。
杰克伦敦英文简介
杰克伦敦英文简介杰克伦敦的英文简介甘绍旭整理Jack London was a very famous realistic writer of the United States, whose name at birth was John Griffith London. He was also a strong sailor and a war correspondent. He was born on January 12, 1876 in San Francisco, California. It is believed that he is the illegitimate son of an astrologer whose name was William Chaney. His family was very poor----no fixed occupations, and no fixed residence, either. So Jack had to leave school to make a living and support his family. Jack’s extensive lif e experiences included: being a laborer, factory worker, oyster pirate on the San Francisco Bay, member of the California Fish Patrol, sailor, railroad hobo, and gold prospector (in the Klondike from 1897-1898).In his twenty, Jack entered the university of California. But he dropped out of school after a semester because of the poverty. In the year 1897, he went to Alaska to find gold. Instead of getting much gold, he found ideas for his books and stories. So he went back home and began to write. In 1900, he published his first novel---The Son of the Wolf, immediately draw most of the people’s attention. From then on, he continued to publish a series of short novels, and began to have a place in the American literature world. Later Jack become the best-selling, highest paid and most popular American author of his time. He was prolific: fifty-one of his books and hundreds of his articles had been published. All of these works can be divided into three big types: one describes the people in the nature; one describes the people in the city; one is the thesis. The works which describe the people in the nature also can be divided into two types: aboutthe life of the polar region, about the life of the sea. His most notable books include The Call of the Wild (origi nally entitled “The Sleeping Wolf”) which was published in 1903, belongs to the type which is about the life of the polar region. The Iron Heel, White Fang, The Sea-Wolf (original ly entitled “Mercy of the Sea”),which is the symbolic work about people’s life of the sea. The People of the Abyss (a sociological treatise about the slums of London, England), John Barleycorn, Martin Eden, and The Star Rover. His short story, “To Build A Fire”, is considered to be an all-time classic. His writings have been translated into several dozen languages and to all of his works were widely read throughout the world. Most of his works are full of positive emotions: energetic, enjoying, enthusiastic, exhilarated and brave, and full of hardworking. Erving Stone, an American biography nove list, called Jack London “the Father of the Proletarian Literature in the United States ” in his biography about Jack London----Sailor on Horseback. As his writings were warmly welcomed and he became rich and famous when he was under thirty . But Jack London was not a happy man. In poor health. He took his own life in 1916. He was then only forty years old.私生子出身的杰克·伦敦对个人主义和超人哲学的信奉与其童年的苦难记忆有关。
杰克伦敦作文
杰克伦敦作文Jack London's works have had a profound impact on literature and have left a lasting legacy in the field of adventure stories. From his famous novel "The Call of the Wild" to "White Fang," London's stories capture the essence of the wild and the unbreakable spirit of the natural world.杰克伦敦的作品对文学产生了深远的影响，并在冒险故事领域留下了持久的遗产。
从他著名的小说《野性的呼唤》到《白牙》，伦敦的故事捕捉了野性的本质和自然界不可战胜的精神。
London's writing not only tells the stories of adventure and survival, but also delves into the complexities of human nature and the struggle for existence in a harsh and unforgiving environment. His vivid descriptions and powerful prose transport readers to the rugged landscapes of the Klondike and the untamed wilderness of the Yukon.伦敦的写作不仅讲述了冒险和生存的故事，还深入探讨了人类本性的复杂性以及在严酷无情的环境中的生存斗争。
他生动的描写和雄浑的散文将读者带到肯洛迪克的崎岖地貌和育空州的未开垦荒野。
Jack London： Life Is a Journey
Jack London： Life Is a Journey
作者：
来源：《疯狂英语·初中版》2017年第04期
杰克·伦敦是美国著名的现实主义作家；他的作品语言质朴，情节富有戏剧性；他常常将笔下人物置于极端严酷、生死攸关的环境下，以此展露人性中最深刻、最真实的品格。
他笔下那“严酷的真实”常常让读者感受到强烈的心灵震撼。
他的创作生涯虽然只有短短的十几年，却给世人留下了许多文化瑰宝。
他的作品不仅在美国本土广泛流传，还受到了世界各国人民的欢迎。
参考译文
杰克·伦敦1876年生于美国加利福尼亚州的旧金山。
他的童年或许并不安逸，但却是丰富多彩的，并且很可能为他后来的写作提供了不少丰富的素材。
他的家庭生活拮据，所以在他读完初中后，他只得靠打工来养活自己。
他年轻时的大部分时间在海滨区域度过，不断地更换工作。
但杰克·伦敦并不囿于现状。
他对世界的好奇，以及对冒险的渴望，驱使他广泛阅读。
他只要一有空就会读书，成为了当地公共图书馆的常客。
他的眼界因此变得更加开阔，也开始越走越远。
1897年，在游历完加拿大的育空地区后，他开始正式地投入到写作中去。
他的作品得到了认可，并开始出版。
一些读者被他的荒野探险故事深深吸引。
他的一些经典作品如《野性的呼唤》《白牙》等，反映了他自身在荒野经历过的那些残酷、生死攸关的遭遇。
杰克·伦敦是一位多产的作家，创作了好几百篇短篇故事、文章、散文和小说。
他的许多作品，包括他的小说，如今都被世人奉为经典佳作。
jacklondon生平介绍
At 34,purchased a large tract of land near Glen Ellen in Sonoma County.
At 40,died of uremia (尿毒症).（ London committed suicide with morphine. ）
1900—1910 ：“ North Story” The Son of the Wolf 《狼之子》 1900 etc. The Iron Heel《铁蹄》1908 The Sea-wolf《海狼》1904 Marti Eden《马丁 .伊登》1909 Burning Daylight 《天大亮》1910(turning point)
Life and career Major works
The Call of the wild The Martin Eden
Writing style Notable saying
Life and career
Born out of wedlock(非婚生子） on January 12, 1876 deserted by his father，raised by his mother and stepfather John London
At 24,married Elisabeth Maddern and left her and their two daughters
At 25,ran unsuccessfully on the Socialist party, started to steadily produce novels ,nonfiction and short stories.
杰克伦敦资料
那时正是美国大萧条的1904年，他参加了从旧金山到华盛 顿去请愿的失业者队伍，向东海岸进发。他途中因故脱离 了队伍，便偷乘火车在北美大陆流浪，跟车警、乘务员捉 迷藏，周游全国，以此为乐。他曾经被捕，罚作了三十天 苦役，亲眼见到了美国监狱里骇人听闻的现实。出狱后他 偷乘西去的列车到了加拿大西海岸，再从那做水手南下， 回到旧金山。这次特别形式的旅游给了他丰富的人生体验， 尤其是贫困的流浪汉的体验。他明白了一个道理：最能够 关心穷苦人的往往是穷苦人。他对读书一直就有兴趣，就 连在做蚝贼时也在他的小艇上读过许多书。流浪归来他开 始大量阅读。他读过圣西门、傅立叶、蒲鲁东的作品，明 白了私有财产的罪恶；他甚至读马克思的《共产主义宣 言》，大体懂得了共产主义是怎么回事。为了读书他十九 岁时进了奥克兰中学，准备考大学，同时加入了社会党。 他参加工人集会，发表激烈的演说，主张破坏现有的社会 秩序，并曾经因此被捕。在奥克兰中学读书时他在学校的 报纸上发表了小说《小笠原群岛》，连载了两个月，这样， 他从事文12日出生在美国加利福尼亚州一个 破产的农民家庭。童年时的他就已饱尝了贫穷困苦的滋味。 8岁的时候，为了谋生，他不得不到一个畜牧场当牧童。 10岁以后，他开始在旧金山附近的奥克兰市当报童、码头 小工、帆船水手、麻织厂工人等。这期间，杰克·伦敦开始 阅读大量的小说和其他读物。16岁时，他失业了，不得不 在美国东部和加拿大各地流浪，住在大都市的贫民窟里， 并曾以“无业游荡罪”而被捕入狱，几个月以后才重获自 由。
杰克 伦敦 (Jack London)
人物介绍
杰克·伦敦，原名为约翰·格利菲斯·伦敦（John Griffith London），美国著名的现实主义作家，生于 旧金山。20世纪初西方辱华作家的急先锋。他在一 个既无固定职业又无固定居所的家庭中长大。24岁 开始写作，去世时年仅40岁。从1900年起，他连续 发表和出版了许多小说，讲述美国下层人民的生活 故事，揭露资本主义社会的罪恶。他的作品大都带 有浓厚的社会主义和个人主义色彩。他的作品在全 世界都广为流传，是最受中国读者欢迎的外国作家 之一。他一生著述颇丰，16年中留下了19部长篇小 说、150多篇短篇小说以及大量文学报告集，还写了 3个剧本以及相当多的随笔和论文。最著名的有《马 丁 伊登》、《野性的呼唤》、《白牙》、《热爱生 命》等小说。他是世界文学史上最早的商业作家之 一，因此被誉为商业作家的先锋。
杰克·伦敦——美国现实主义作家
杰克·伦敦——美国现实主义作家杰克·伦敦介绍中文名：杰克·伦敦外文名：Jack London别名：约翰·格利菲斯·伦敦国籍：美国出生地：旧金山出生日期：1876年1月12日逝世日期：1916年11月22日职业：作家毕业院校：加州大学伯克利分校(肄业)代表作品：《野性的呼唤》，《海狼》，《白牙》，《马丁·伊登》，《热爱生命》杰克·伦敦(Jack London，1876年1月12日-1916年11月22日)，原名约翰·格利菲斯·伦敦(John Griffith London)，美国现实主义作家。
他一共写过19部长篇小说，150多篇短篇小说和故事，3部剧本等。
主要作品有：小说集《狼的儿子》，中篇小说《野性的呼唤》、《热爱生命》、《白牙》，长篇小说《海狼》、《铁蹄》和《马丁·伊登》等。
杰克·伦敦1876年生于旧金山一个破产农民的家庭。
因家境贫困，自幼从事体力劳动.当过童工，装卸工和水手等，后又在美国各地流浪。
靠劳动所得曾进加州大学伯克利分校学习，因贫困被迫退学后加入过阿拉斯加等地淘金者的行列。
早年坎坷的生活经历为他后来从事创作提供了丰富的源泉，他的创作思想较为复杂，受到过马克思、斯宾塞、尼采等多人影响，在他青年时代的作品中，跳动着向资本主义社会挑战的脉搏，成名后逐渐陷入极端个人主义和空虚中。
1916年11月22日，杰克·伦敦服用吗啡过量身亡，年仅40岁。
人物经历早年经历杰克·伦敦于1876年1月12日出生在美国加利福尼亚州一个破产的农民家庭。
童年时的他就已饱尝了贫穷困苦的滋味。
8岁的时候，为了谋生，他不得不到一个畜牧场当牧童。
10岁以后，他开始在旧金山附近的奥克兰市当报童、码头小工、帆船水手、麻织厂工人等。
这期间，杰克·伦敦开始阅读大量的小说和其他读物。
16岁时，他失业了，不得不在美国东部和加拿大各地流浪，住在大都市的贫民窟里，并曾以“无业游荡罪”而被捕入狱，几个月以后才重获自由。
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• The marked decline of his writing after 1913 coincides with his drifting away from the socialist movement. He became a millionaire. He spent money on the building of his ship for the voyage around the world and on his splendid “Wolf House,” but both ventures failed. • He died of a guestrointestinal type of uraemia （尿毒症） on November 22.1916.
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1. Biography 2. Major Works 3. Writing Style 4. Theme of Jack London’s Works 5. Comments on London’s life philosophy
Biography
He is the one of the representative writers.
• In 1903 he wrote “The Call of the Wild”, an alltime best seller. • This book made him immediately popular, and his name was soon known all over the county. • For the next twelve years he wrote reports in Asia at the time of the Russian-Japanese War, and served in the same capacity in the Mexican Civil War in 1914. He liked the excitement of it. Wherever there was action London was present.
• London believed both in the success of the working class and in the survival of the strongest. He also learned practical knowledge in between journeys as a tramp and participation in the Klondike gold rush in 1897. He failed to find gold, but the experience became a rich source for his literary creation later.
• the struggle to survive with dignity and integrity • combative • love of knowledge • love for the whole humankind • Rebellious ,individualism, superman ,strong will, freedom • Hope for human civilization.
• Subjectivity and enthusiasm • His characterizations were often stiff and his dialogue stereotyped.
Theme of Jack London’s Works
• primitive violence, Anglo-Saxon supremacy, biological evolution, class warfare, and mechanistic determinism.
Jack and Charmian LondonĶ) ↓ Oyster pirate (16) ↓ A hard laborer (muscle seller)
↓ A tramp流浪者, beggar (at 18)
• A knowledge pursuer ↓ • A successful writer ↓ • A rancher (大农场主)
• At the age of 13, he took a job in a cannery, and at the age of 15 he was the captain of an oyster pirate boat. He supported himself with menial and dangerous jobs, experiencing the struggle for survival. He lived on the fringes of society until he was seventeen. In 1893 he became a sailor. For the next four years he worked his way around the world. He learned the jungle law of nature, the survival of the strong and the death of the weak. He wandered his way across the United State, even begging his food from door to door.
• London believed both in the success of the working class and in the survival of the strongest. He also learned practical knowledge in between journeys as a tramp and participation in the Klondike gold rush in 1897. He failed to find gold, but the experience became a rich source for his literary creation later.
• For a period of many years, especially between 1905-1907, London was a strong supporter of the socialist movement in the United States. Many of his writings reflect his interest in socialist ideas. • With the success of his fiction he was also in demand on the lecture circuit.
Jack’s notable sayings
★Youth is always young and elderly will only grow old. 青年总是年青的，只有老年才会变老。 ★ The only way to get smart is to buy with the youth . 得到智慧的惟一办法，就是用青春去买。 ★ I would rather be ashes than dust! 我宁愿化作灰烬，也不要做尘埃。
• Determined to get an education, he went to high school at the age of nineteen, entered preparatory school, and then spend a semester as a special student at the University of California in 1896. • He had to drop out after a few months to make money for the family. But he read extensively by himself.
• He was born John Griffith Chaney in San Francisco on January 12, 1876, the illegitimate son of a self-taught man and an eccentric woman. He took the last name of his stepfather and was called John Griffith London. He grew up in extreme poverty as a street urchin along the water-front where he began at an early age to indulge his boundless appetite for adventure. Before he was ten years old, he had to work before and after school and even on weekends in order to support the family.
Writing Style • Social Darwinism(社会达尔文主义 ),
Neitzchean superman, socialist doctrines of Marx • Naturalism mingled with Romanticism Forceful, and colorful;
• Father of American proletariate literature • Realist, spokesman of socialism • Great thinker • His writings inspired later writers like John Steinbeck and Jack Kerouac, Ernest Hemingway, and Robert Ruark, Sinclair