关于全国年月高等教育自学考试《高级小学数学教学论》试题及参考答案

全国2011年1月高等教育自学考试小学数学教学论》试题及参考答案

课程代码：00411

一、单项选择题(本大题共20 小题，每小题1分，共20 分) 在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。

1．培养小学生的数学能力最终是要提高他们的( D)

A. 计算能力

B. 初步数学思维能力

C. 空间观念

D. 解决实际问题能力

2．在教学过程中倡导以“书本知识为中心”的学者是(B )

A. 杜威

B. 赫尔巴特

C. 克伯屈

D. 卢梭

3. 狭义的教材是指( B)

A. 教学指导书

B. 教科书

C. 教学软件

D. 练习册

4. 认知——发现学习理论的创建者是( A)

A. 布鲁纳

B. 皮亚杰

C. 加涅

D. 奥苏伯尔

5. 一种学习对另一种学习起干扰作用的迁移是( D)

A. 顺向迁移

B. 逆向迁移

C. 正迁移

D. 负迁移

6. 在皮亚杰看来，数学思维实质上是一种(C )

A. 反应

B. 运算

C. 动作

D. 直觉

7. 学生掌握了直角、钝角、锐角的概念后，再把它们总括成“角”这种概念的同化是( C)

A. 下位同化

B. 类属同化

C. 上位同化

D. 并列同化

8. 概念的形成适用于小学( A)

A. 低年级

B. 高年级

C. 中低年级

D. 中高年级

9. 在小学数学教学过程中，学生是(A )

A. 能动的主体

B. 被动的主体

C. 能动的客体

D. 被动的客体

10．在教师指导下，以巩固数学知识，形成数学技能技巧的教学方法是( C)

A. 演示法

B. 操作实验法

C. 练习法

D. 谈话法

11. 关于讲练课的基本结构，下列选项正确的是( A)

A. 基本训练一引入新课一进行新课一尝试练习一阅读课本一独立练习一布置作业

B. 基本训练一引入新课一尝试练习一阅读课本一布置作业

C. 引入新课一进行新课一练习一阅读一布置作业

D. 基本训练一进行新课一布置作业一独立练习

12. 陈述性知识是关于( A)

A. “是什么”的知识

B. “为什么”的知识

C. “怎么样”的知识

D. “怎么办”的知识

13. 评价课堂教学效果的依据是(C )

A. 教学过程

B. 教学内容

C. 教学目标

D. 教学特色

14. 程序性知识与技能形成有密切关系，具有(D )

A. 抽象性

B. 具体性

C. 系统性

D. 操作性

15．在减法教学中，被减数中间有零的退位减法是(A )

A. 教学难点

B. 教学重点

C. 既是重点又是难点

D. 既非重点，亦非难点

16. 客观现实中数量关系和空间形式的本质属性在人脑中的反映是

( A)

A. 数学概念

B. 数学命题

C. 数学公理

D. 数学定理

17. “奇数”和“质数”这两个概念，从外延上看，存在着( A)

A. 矛盾关系

B. 对立关系

C. 交叉关系

D. 并列关系

18. 复合应用题教学的中心环节是(A )

A. 解析应用题

B. 列出方程

C. 解答应用题

D. 检验答案

19．当前的高考属于(A )

A. 预示性考评

B. 显示性考评

C. 形成性考评

D. 总结性考评

20．数学操作技能形成的最后阶段是( B)

A. 定向阶段

B. 自动化阶段

C. 单个动作阶段

D. 连续动作阶段

二、多项选择题(本大题共15 小题。每小题1分，共15 分) 在每小题列出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选、少选或未选均无分。

21. 小学数学基础知识的范围主要包括( ABCDE)

A. 算术知识

B. 代数初步知识

C. 几何初步知识

D. 计量初步知识

E. 统计初步知识

22. 数学思维的结构主要有(ABCD )

A. 数学思维的材料和结果

B. 数学思维基本方法

C. 数学思维基本形式

D. 数学思维的品质

E. 数学思维的评价23．小学生数学学习迁移的特点主要有(CDE )

A. 对相似的学习材料易形成负迁移

B. 已有知识概括程度低

C. 实现数学思考方法的迁移较难

D. 实现知识、技能的迁移较易

E. 易受狭隘的思维定势的干扰

24. 小学数学问题解决的基本过程主要包括( ACE)

A. 弄清问题

B. 回顾评价

C. 寻求解法

D. 研究探讨

E. 进行解题

25. 贯彻教师主导作用与学生的主体性相结合的教学原则的基本要求包括

(BCDE)

A. 树立以学生为中心的教师观

B. 树立主体教育的学生观

C. 逐步建立起数学教学中的小学生主体性发展的目标

D. 要善于激发学生的学习兴趣和求知欲

E. 要培养学生独立思考、勇于探究的精神

26. 电化教学手段在小学数学教学中的作用主要有(ABCDE )

A. 可化抽象为具体、化难为易

B. 激发学习兴趣、激活大脑思维

C. 不受时间空间的限制

D. 加大课堂教学密度，提高教学效率

E. 可以提高信息的增殖率27．小学数学课外活动的功能主要有( ABCDE)

A. 激发学生学习数学的兴趣

B. 培养运用数学知识分析和解决实际问题的初步能力

C. 培养良好的心理品质

D. 拓宽学生数学视野，增长才干

E. 渗透数学思考方法，培养思维品质

28. 从个体发展上看，人的思维大致经历了哪几个阶段

?( ABD)

A. 直观行动思维

B. 具体形象思维

C. 创造性思维

D. 抽象逻辑思维

E. 再造性思维

29. 数学思维的一般方法包括( ABCDE)

A. 观察与实验

B. 分析与综合

C. 比较与分类

D. 抽象与概括

E. 归纳与演绎

30. 小学生良好的数学学习习惯包括( ABCDE)

A. 专心听讲的习惯

B. 认真阅读的习惯

C. 认真审题的习惯

D. 独立思考的习惯

E. 认真做作业的习惯31．下定义应遵循的规则有( ABDE)

A. 定义应该恰如其分

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