高一英语阅读理解(教育文化)专项训练100(附答案)含解析

高一英语阅读理解(教育文化)专项训练100(附答案)含解析

一、高中英语阅读理解教育文化类

1．阅读理解

For many parents, raising a teenager is like fighting a long war, but years go by without any clear winner. Like a border conflict between neighboring countries, the parent-teen war is about boundaries: Where is the line between what I control and what you do?

Both sides want peace, but neither feels it has any power to stop the conflict. In part, this is because neither is willing to admit any responsibility for starting it. From the parents' point of view, the only cause of their fight is their adolescents' complete unreasonableness. And of course, the teens see it in exactly the same way, except oppositely. Both feel trapped.

In this article, I'll describe three no-win situations that commonly arise between teens and parents and then suggest some ways out of the trap. The first no-win situation is quarrel on unimportant things. Examples include the color of the teen's hair, the cleanness of the bedroom, the preferred style of clothing, the child's failure to eat a good breakfast before school, or his tendency to sleep until noon on the weekends. Second, blaming. The goal of a blaming battle is to make the other admit that his bad attitude is the reason why everything goes wrong. Third, needing to be right. It doesn't matter what the topic is—politics, the laws of physics, or the proper way to break an egg—the point of these arguments is to prove that you are right and the other person is wrong, for both wish to be considered an authority—someone who actually knows something—and therefore to command respect. Unfortunately, as long as parents and teens continue to assume that they know more than the other, they'll continue to fight these battles forever and never make any real progress.

（1）Why does the author compare the parent teen war to a border conflict?

A. Both can continue for generations.

B. Both are about where to draw the line.

C. Neither has any clear winner.

D. Neither can be put to an end.

（2）What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean?

A.The teens blame their parents for starting the conflict.

B.The teens agree with their parents on the cause of the conflict.

C.The teens accuse their parents of misleading them.

D.The teens tend to have a full understanding of their parents.

（3）Parents and teens want to be right because they want to__________.

A.give orders to the other

B.know more than the other

C.gain respect from the other

D.get the other to behave properly

（4）What will the author most probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?

A.Causes for the parent-teen conflicts

B.Examples of the parent-teen war

C.Solutions to the parent-teen problems

D.Future of the parent-teen relationship

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，对于父母来说，抚养一个十几岁的孩子就像是打一场持久战，但是是一场没有赢家的持久战。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Like a border conflict between neighboring countries ,the parent-teen war is about boundaries: Where is the line between what I control and what you do?”可知和邻国之间的边界纷争一样，两代人之间的战争是关于界限的：我所能控制的和你所做的之间的界限。选B。

（2）考查句义猜测。根据第二段中的“From the parents' point of view, the only cause of their fight is their adolescents' complete unreasonableness.”可知，从父母的观点来看，他们之间斗争的唯一原因就是他们的青春期的孩子的完全不讲道理。划线句子意为:青少年也正好是同样的方式看待的，只是正好相反的，也就是在孩子们看来，斗争的原因完全是他们的父母蛮不讲理。选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Third , needing to be right ,It doesn't matter what the topic is –politics. The laws of physics ,or the proper way to break an egg –the point of these arguments is to prove that you are right and the other person is wrong , for both wish to be considered an authority—someone who actually knows something —and therefore to command respect”可知，他们争论的话题是什么不重要，重要的是他们要证明自己是对的，而对方是不对的，从而赢得尊重。选C。

（4）考查推理判断。根据由最后一段中的“In this article, I'll describe three no-win situations that commonly arise between teens and parents and then suggest some ways out of the trap.”可知，在这篇文章中，作者将描述三种通常会引起青少年和父母之间斗争的情形，然后提出几种解决的方法。最后一段介绍了三种情形，所以接下来讨论的该是解决的方法了。选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

The end of the year is drawing near, and winter is in full swing. The season brings along with it strong winds and snow — an environment that's never comfortable to be in.

This unpleasant and even frightening aspect of winter can often be seen in literature. In Shakespeare's King Lear (1606), the king has given away his kingdom and been rejected by his two ungrateful daughters. He is out in the winter cold，suffering things that are usually reserved for the poorest and most unfortunate human beings.

The winter is bad enough for Lear，but being abandoned by his family is worse. A song from another Shakespeare play, As You Like It(1599), is fitting for this poor old man's situation: "Blow, blow, thou winter wind/Thou art not so unkind /As ma's ingratitude (忘恩负义)". Here, winter is used to bring out the ugliness of inhumanity (无人性). There aren't many things that are worse

than winter, according to Shakespeare.

Once winter became less of a threat to human beings, literary works featuring it became more positive. Since Charles Dickens, the representation of the season in literature has often featured happy Christmas celebrations.

The cold of the winter weather provides a contrast to the fun going on indoors.

Dickens' A Christmas Carol (1843) was the start of this, but Christmas is still a common, cheery element (元素)in stories that feature winter scenes today. Consider the joy felt by Harry Potter and his friends in J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (1997) as they sit down for their festive meal：

"Harry had never in all his life had such a Christmas dinner. A hundred fat，roast turkeys; mountains of roast and boiled potatoes; platters of chipolatas; tureens of buttered peas, silver boats of thick, rich gravy and cranberry sauce".

It is almost as much a pleasure to read about the meal as it might have been to eat it.

Although winter still isn't the most cheerful season in novels and poems, it's safe to say that writers have certainly "warmed up" since Shakespeare's days.

（1）What's the author's main purpose in writing this article?

A.To recommend some winter stories in literature.

B.To explain what winter is like in literary works.

C.To describe certain customs that are related to winter.

D.To tell us why winter is described as unpleasant in literature.

（2）What can we learn from Shakespeare's works?

A.Shakespeare didn't like winter for its bad weather.

B.King Lear was forced to give up being a king in a cold winter.

C.It's in winter when King Lear drove his two daughters off.

D.Winter is compared with the ugly side of humanity.

（3）Why does the author mention Charles Dickens in the passage?

A.Because a lot of his works are related to winter.

B.Because he is the most popular author of winter stories.

C.Because he started a new way of representing winter.

D.Because his works make people feel cheerful in winter.

（4）The example of Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone is used mainly to show .

A.traditional Christmas food makes the winter cheery

B.Christmas is still a symbol of joy in modern stories

C.it's a pleasure to read Christmas-related books in winter

D.winter has become the happiest season in literary works

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了冬季的令人不快甚至是令人恐惧的方面经常在文学作品中看到，但随着时间的推移，文学作品中冬天的含义也在发生变化。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“This unpleasant and even frightening aspect of winter can often be seen in literature”可知，人们经常可以在文学中看到冬季的令人不快甚至是令人恐惧的方面。随后，作者描述了冬天在不同作家的作品中的不同方面。可推知，作者写本文是为了解释文学作品中的冬天是什么样子的。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Here, winter is used to bring out the ugline ss of inhumanity (无人性). There aren't many things that are worse than winter, according to Shakespeare.”可知，在莎士比亚的戏剧《皆大欢喜》中，冬天被用来展现人性的丑陋。莎士比亚认为，没有什么比冬天更糟糕的了。故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段可知，自狄更斯以来，在文学中这个季节的表现常常是圣诞快乐的庆祝活动。由此可知，作者在文中提到查尔斯·狄更斯是因为他开启了一种描写冬天的新方式。故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第五段可知，寒冷的冬季天气与室内的乐趣形成了对比。再根据第六段第二句话可知，在J. K. Rowling的《哈利?波特与魔法石》中，哈利?波特和他的朋友们在享用圣诞大餐时是快乐的。作者通过这个例子说明在现代故事中圣诞节仍然是快乐的象征。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

Exercise helps to keep us in good health. Doctors at the American Heart Association suggest getting at least 150 minutes of proper physical activity every week. Many people exercise for a few minutes every day or every other day. So, getting 150 minutes every week is easy.

But what about those times when you are sick? If you do not feel well, should you keep following your exercise habit? Health experts answer these and other questions.

Edward R. Laskowski is a doctor at the Mayo Clinic. He and other experts have a general rule of yes about exercising when you are sick. It is usually fine to exercise, he explains, if your symptoms (症状)are all "above the neck". These signs may include a runny nose, a blocked nose, sneezing or a minor sore throat.

Geralyn Coopersmith is a physical fitness trainer who has written several books on exercise and nutrition. Both Coopersmith and Dr. Laskowski suggest taking a break from exercising if signs of your illness appear "below the neck". Pay special attention to symptoms such as chest congestion, extreme cough or pain in the stomach.

There are other symptoms that can tell you to avoid exercise. They include: a higher than normal body temperature, a sense of feeling extremely tired, and widespread muscle pain.

Both Coopersmith and Dr. Laskowski suggest listening to your body. If you feel really bad, take a break and let your body rest. If you don't feel too bad, these experts both suggest reducing the amount of exercise. For example, if you usually run, take a quick walk instead.

（1）How long should people do exercise to keep healthy?

A.About 150 minutes per day.

B.Around 100 minutes per day.

C.At least 150 minutes per week.

D.No more than 100 minutes per week.

（2）When will Edward R. Laskowski say no to exercise?

A.When your left leg is broken.

B.When you have a runny noses.

C.When you have a blocked nose.

D.When you have a minor sore throat.

（3）What is the meaning of "listening to your body" in Paragraph 6?

A.Be careful with your cars.

B.Learn to take advice of others.

C.Pay attention to body signals.

D.Listen to music to keep healthy.

（4）What will the writer be likely to agree with?

A.Practice makes perfect.

B.Nothing seek, nothing find.

C.Put your heart into exercise.

D.Act according to your abilities.

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，锻炼有助于保持身体健康，但是在感觉不适的时候，要看具体情况：如果病症出现在“颈部以上”的位置，通常可以锻炼；如果病症出现在“颈部以下”，请暂停锻炼。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的" Exercise helps to keep us in good health. Doctors at the American Heart Association suggest getting at least 150 minutes of proper physical activity every week. " 可知，锻炼有助于保持身体健康，美国心脏协会的医生建议每周至少进行150分钟的适当体育锻炼，因此人们应该每周至少运动150分钟才能保持健康。故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“ Both Coopersmith and Dr. Laskowski suggest taking a break from exercising if signs of your illness appear "be low the neck”可知，库伯史密斯和拉斯科夫斯基博士都建议，如果你的疾病迹象出现在“颈部以下”，就应该暂停锻炼。因此Edward R. Laskowski不赞同在左腿骨折时运动。故选A。

（3）考查句义猜测。根据第六段中的“If you feel really bad, take a break and let your body rest. If you don't feel too bad, these experts both suggest reducing the amount of e xercise.”可知，身体不适时应休息一下。如果不是非常不舒服，可以减少运动量。因此，"listening to your body”意为“听从你的身体”，故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Both Coopersmith and Dr. Laskowski suggest listening to your body.”可知，这两个人都建议按照身体的舒适程度来决定运动与否以及运动量，作者并没有提出反对和质疑，即作者赞同二者的建议，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅

读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

Mobile phones should be kept from classrooms, the UK minister for schools has said. Nick Gibb said he had concerns about the effect that the phone was having on children, and also said the Government should introduce lessons for pupils on how to limit their screen time.

Mr Gibb said, "Schools obviously are free to set their own behaviour policies but my own view is that schools should ban (禁止)mobile telephones and smart phones inside school, and particularly inside classrooms. I believe very strongly that children should be limiting their own use at home. Every hour spent online and on a smart phone is an hour less talking to family, and it's an hour less exercise and it's an hour less sleep. And of course it is a lack of sleep that research is showing can have a damaging effect on a child's mental health.”

The parents are told that children will be asked to break off at least every two hours and avoid social media before bedtime. The UK would be following in the footsteps of European countries if schools were to introduce a ban. with French pupils being told to leave their smart phones at home when they returned from their summer holidays last year.

At the Festival of Education at Wellington College last summer, Professor Michael from America said that any sensible head would ban mobile phones. "It's far too distracting for children having mobile phones. Texting, playing games, all this takes place. Mobile phones go off in classrooms, disrupting lessons. Ban them. If children want to use a phone in an emergency they can use the school phone."

（1）What's Nick Gibb's attitude towards using mobile phone in school?

A.Cautious.

B.Supportive.

C.Indifferent.

D.Disapproving.

（2）What is one possible result of spending too much time online according to the text?

A.An hour less exercise a week.

B.More effects on sleep quality.

C.Less communication with family.

D.An improvement in mental health.

（3）Which country has asked students to leave their phones at home?

https://www.360docs.net/doc/3c18430463.html,.

B.New Zealand.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/3c18430463.html,A

D.France.

（4）What is the main idea of the text?

A.Mobile Phones cause bad effects on our study.

B.Mobile phones should be banned from classrooms.

C.Parents should forbid their kids to use mobile phones.

D.Students can use mobile phones in case of emergency.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，在英国，一些孩子带手机进入课堂，这严重影响了孩子在课堂上的学习效果，因此教育大臣呼吁要禁止手机进入学校。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Mobile phones should be kept from class rooms, the UK minister for schools has said.”可知，英国教育大臣表示，手机应远离教室。因此，Nick Gibb不赞成学生在学校使用手机。故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Every hour spent online and on a smart phone is an hour less talking to family”可知，在网上和在智能手机上花费的每一小时意味着与家人交谈减少了一个小时，根据课文内容，上网时间过长可能会导致减少与家人的交流。故选C。（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The UK would be following in the footsteps of European countries if schools were to introduce a ban with French pupils being told to leave their smart phones at home when they returned from their summer holidays last year.”可知，法国学生在去年暑假结束后返校时，被告知将智能手机留在家中。故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Mobile phones should be kept from classrooms, the UK minister for schools has said. Nick Gibb said he had concerns about the effect that the phone was having on children, and also said the Government should introduce lessons for pupils on how to limit their screen time.”可知，英国教育大臣表示，手机应远离教室。手机会给孩子带来不良影响，并说政府应该引进课程来限制学生上网看手机的时间，因此文章的主要内容是“应该禁止学生在教室里使用手机”。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

For all the technological wonders of modem medicine, health care-with its fax machines and clipboards(写字板)—is out of date. This outdated era is slowly drawing to a close as the industry catches up with the artificial-intelligence ( AI) revolution.

Eric Topol, an expert in heart disease and enthusiast for digital medicine, thinks AI will be

particularly useful for such tasks as examining images, observing heart traces for abnormalities or turning doctors' words into patient records. It will be able to use masses of data to work out the best treatments, and improve workflows in hospitals. In short, AI is set to save time, lives and money.

The fear some people have is that AI will be used to deepen the assembly-line culture of modem medicine. If it gives a " gift of time" to doctors, they argue that this bonus should be used to extend consultations, rather than simply speeding through them more efficiently.

That is a fine idea, but as health swallows an ever-bigger share of national wealth, greater efficiency is exactly what is needed, at least so far as governments and insurers are concerned. Otherwise, rich societies may fail to cope with the needs of ageing and growing populations. An extra five minutes spent chatting with a patient is costly as well as valuable. The AI revolution will also enable managerial accountants to adjust and evaluate every aspect of treatment. The autonomy of the doctor will surely be weakened, especially, perhaps, in public-health systems which are duty-bound to cut unnecessary costs.

The Hippocratic Oath(誓言) holds that there is an art to medicine as well as a science, and that “warmth, sympathy and understanding may outweigh the surgeon's knife or the chemist's drug”. There's lots of sense in it: the patients of sympathetic physicians have been shown to recover better. Yet as the supply of human carers fails to satisfy the demand for health care, the future may involve consultations on smartphones and measurements monitored by chatbots. The considerately warmed stethoscope (听诊器) ,placed gently on a patient's back, may become a relic of the past.

（1）What's Dr Topol's attitude toward AI's coming into medicine?

A.Concerned.

B.Doubtful.

C.Optimistic.

D.Cautious.

（2）What does the author of the text attach more importance to?

A.Medical costs.

B.National wealth.

C.Longer consultation.

D.Greater efficiency.

（3）Why is the Hippocratic Oath mentioned?

A.To prove the bright future of AI.

B.To show the advantage of a human doctor.

C.To explain medical equipment is more important.

D.To argue a human doctor performs as well as a robot.

（4）What may be the best title for the text?

A.Health care and AI

B.AI and its applications

C.Doctors and Patients

D.Dr Topol and digital medicine

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，尽管现代医学创造了许多技术奇迹，但医疗保健——包括传真机和剪贴板——已经过时了。随着人工智能革命的到来，这个过时的时代正在慢慢接近尾声。作者认为人工智能旨在节省时间、生命和金钱，对提高效率是很有帮助的。但同时也指出人类医生可以和机器人表现得一样好。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Eric Topol, an expert in heart disease and enthusiast for digital medicine, thinks AI will be particularly useful”可知Topol医生认为认为人工智能将特别有用，即他对人工智能进入医学界是持乐观态度的，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“That is a fine idea, but as health swallows an ever-bigger share of national wealth, greater efficiency is exactly what is needed, at least so far as governments and insurers are concerned.”可知作者认为但随着健康吞噬了越来越多的国家财富，提高效率正是我们所需要的。即作者更注重提高效率。故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“There's lots of sense in it: the patients of sympathetic physicians have been shown to recover better.”有同情心的医生的病人康复得更好。可推理作者提到Hippocratic Oath的目的在于指出人类医生的优势。故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文讨论人工智能即将进入现代医学界，就此展开讨论。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇医学类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is gaining global popularity. According to a government white paper, TCM has been introduced in 183 countries and regions around the world.

Westerners' understanding of TCM, however, may be limited to acupundure，cupping and massage (针灸，拔罐和按摩). For instance, the purple, injury-like marks left on US.swimmer Michael Phelps' back from cupping for the purpose of relaxing his muscles and reducing pain became the center of attention during the Rio Olympics in 2016.

As a matter of fact, Chinese herbs play a more important role in getting rid of diseases and keeping the body in good condition in the TCM treatment system than physical treatment. It is therefore disheartening to know that-while 103 World Health Organization member countries have given approval to the practice of acupuncture，not many recognize Chinese herbal medicine TCM falls far behind Western medicine owing partly to the slow development of Chinese herbs.

Herbs, are made into pills, powder and soup, and the kind of herbs uscd1 their quality and quantity, and the processing of the ingredients jointly determine the effectiveness of the prescription. Compared with Western medicine, which has standardized drug production

processes and treatment methods, TCM lacks standardization, with the chemical composition and functions of its medicines being unclear and their effects being unstable. Fortunately, standardization has improved in recent decades, with an increasing number of factories producing patented TCM drugs.

Another factor that has prevented the development of TCM prescription drugs is the lack of creativity, While Western medicine-making companies come up with new products every year, TCM drug producers tend to make medicines according to prescriptions handed down from the past. Chinese chemist Tu You your's winning the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her research into malaria(疟疾）treatment may drive creativity to some extent in China's TCM industry. However, the current state of affairs cannot be changed within a short time.

（1）The author mentions the example of Michael Phelps in order to show .

A.he was injured in his swimming.

B.cupping is a kind of important TCM treatment.

C.westerners know a little about TCM.

D.westerners attach great importance to TCM.

（2）Why don't some member countries of WIIO recognize Chinese herbal medicine?

A.Because Chinese herbs can get rid of diseases

B.Because they only approve the practice of acupuncture

C.Because western medicine 15 more effective

D.Because medicine made out or Chinese herbs develops slowly

（3）Compared with Western medicine, what is the main weak point of TCM ?

A.The methods of processing herbs.

B.The effectiveness of prescription.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/3c18430463.html,cking in standardization.

D.Its unstable functions.

（4）The lack of creativity in TCM refers to the fact that .

A.medicine-making companies lack creativity.

B.prescriptions are got from the past.

C.Western companies are more experienced.

D.medicine-making companies lack driving force

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了传统中医的特点。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Westerners' understanding of TCM, however, may be limited to acupundure，cupping and massage.”可知，举菲尔普斯的例子就是为了证明西方人对传统中医有一些了解，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“not many recognize Chinese herbal medicine TCM falls far behind Western medicine owi ng partly to the slow development of Chinese herbs.”可知，有一些WHO的成员国不承认中国的草药是因为用中草药制成的药物治疗效果缓慢，故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Compared with Western medicine, which has standardized drug production processes and treatment methods, TCM lacks standardization”可知，与西医相比，中医的缺点是缺乏标准化，故选C。

（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“While Western medicine-making companies come up with new products every year, TCM drug producers tend to make medicines according to prescriptions handed down from the past.”可知，中医缺乏创造性指的是中医的处方是从过去传承下来的，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇医学类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

How do you spend your time？To get it, Paul T. Rankin asked sixty-eight individuals to keep an accurate, detailed record of what they did every minute of their waking hours. He discovered that 70percent of their waking time was spent on one thing only-communication. Put that evidence alongside the research findings uncovered by the Human Engineering Laboratories, they discovered that, vocabulary, more than any other factor yet known, predicts financial success. New words make us better thinkers as well as communicators. What better reason for beginning right now to extend your vocabulary？But how？

Hybrid (杂交产生的) corn combines the best qualities of several varieties to ensure maximum productivity. A hybrid approach to vocabulary should, in the same way, ensure maximum results. That's why you should use the CPD formula.

Through Context. When students in a college class were asked what should be done when they came across an unknown word in their reading, 84percent said, "Look it up in the dictionary. "If you do, however, you short-circuit the very mental processes needed to make your efforts most productive.

But there's another reason. Suppose someone asks you what the word "fast" means. You answer, "speedy or swift". But does it mean that in such context as "fast color "or" fast friend"？And if a horse is fast, is it securely tied or galloping at top speed？It could be either. It all depends. On the dictionary？No, on the context. After all, there are over twenty different meanings for "fast" in the dictionary. But the dictionary doesn't tell you which meaning is intended. That's why it makes such good sense to begin with context.

Through Word Parts. Now for the next step. Often unfamiliar words contain one or more parts, which, if recognized, provide definite help with meaning. Take the word "monolithic" for example. Try to separate the parts. There is the prefix mono-, meaning "one", and the root-lith, meaning "stone". Finally, there's the suffix-ic, meaning "consisting of". Those three parts add up to this definition："consisting of one stone".

To speed up your use of word parts, you will be introduced to the fourteen most important words in the English language. The prefix and root elements in those few words are found in over 14, 000words. With those amazingly useful shortcuts, you can build up vocabulary, not at a snail's pace, one word at a time, but in giant leaps, up to a thousand words at a time.

Through the Dictionary. Now you can see why you should consult the dictionary last, not first.

You've looked carefully at the context. You've looked for familiar word parts. Now you play Sherlock Homes. In light of context or word parts, you try to solve a mystery. What exactly does that strange word mean? Only after you go through the mental gymnastics to come up with a tentative （不确定的） definition should you open the dictionary to see if you're right.

You are now personally involved. Your increased interest will lead to a better memory of both word and meaning. It also encourages your development of the habits needed to accelerate your progress. And when you see in black and white the definition you had expected, what a feeling of accomplishment is yours. In that way, the CPD Formula provides the exact approaches for maximum effectiveness.

Well, there it is, your new formula-Context, Parts, Dictionary. Use it! The results will be like the money in the bank.

（1）The research findings of the Human Engineering Laboratories show that ______ .

A.intelligence and vocabularies are closely related

B.income and vocabularies are closely related

C.people of large vocabularies are bound to succeed in the future

D.vocabulary is of great importance to a student's academic performance

（2）What would most college students do while coming across an unfamiliar word？ ______

A.Seek help from others.

B.Infer the meaning through context.

C.Look for familiar word parts.

D.Consult the dictionary.

（3）What does "monolingual" mean according to the passage？ ______

A.Involving only one language.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/3c18430463.html,ing two languages.

C.Speaking or using many languages.

D.Involving more than one language.

（4）This passage is meant to teach readers how to ______ .

https://www.360docs.net/doc/3c18430463.html,e the dictionary

B.build up vocabulary through context

C.extend vocabulary with the help of dictionaries

D.enlarge vocabulary by means of the CPD formula

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了通过CPD公式扩大词汇量的几种方法：分析

词汇的组成部分, 增加词汇部分的使用, 通过字典查阅词汇的意义和用法, 真心喜欢和使用词汇。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“they discovered that, vocabulary, more than any other factor yet known, predicts financial success”他们发现, 词汇, 而非其他你所知道的因素, 预测了

金融方面的成功)可知人类工程实验室的研究结果表明：金融与词汇密切相关，故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“When students in a college class wer e asked what should be done when they came across an unknown word in their reading, 84percent said, "Look it up in the dictionary”当大学生被问到阅读遇到生词该怎么办时, 84%的人都说去查字典，可知当遇到一个不熟悉的单词时, 大多数大学生会查阅字典。故选D。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的“There is the prefix mono-, meaning‘one’, a nd the root-lith, meaning‘stone’. Finally, there's the suffix-ic, meaning‘consisting of’. Those three parts add up to this definition：‘consisting of one stone’”前缀mono-, 意思是一个；词根lith意思是石头；后缀-ic意思是组成。这三个部分共同达这样的意思：由一种石头组成)故可推测monolingual的意思是：只有一种语言。故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"there it is, your new formula-Context, Parts, Dictionary . Use it!The results will be like the money in the bank. ”好了, 你的新CPD, 使用它, 结果就像存在银行里的钱一样，可推测文章的主要目的是鼓励读者通过CPD公式扩大词汇量。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解

Parents should stop blaming themselves because there's not a lot they can do about it. I mean the teenager problem. Whatever you do or however you choose to deal with it, at certain times a wonderful, reasonable and helpful child will turn into a terrible animal.

I've seen friends deal with it in all kinds of different ways. One strict mother insisted that her son, right from a child, should stand up whenever anyone entered the room, open doors and shake hands like a gentleman. I saw him last week when I called round. Sprawling himself (懒散地躺) on the sofa in full length, he made no attempt to turn off the loud TV he was watching as I walked in, and his greeting was no more than a quick glance at me. His mother was ashamed. "I don't know what to do with him these days," she said. "He's forgotten all the manners we taught him.”

He hasn't forgotten them. He's just decided that he's not going to use them. She confessed (坦白) that she would like to come up behind him and throw him down from the sofa onto the floor. Another good friend of mine let her two daughters climb all over the furniture, reach across the table, stare at me and say, "I don't like your dress; it's ugly." One of the daughters has recently been driven out of school. The other has left home.

"Where did we go wrong?" her parents are now very sad. Probably nowhere much. At least, no more than the rest of that unfortunate race, parents.

（1）The boy on the sofa would most probably be described as _______.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/3c18430463.html,zy

B.quiet

C.unusual

D.rude

（2）From the second example we can infer that the parents of the two daughters ______

A.pay no attention to them

B.are too busy to look after them

C.have come to hate them

D.feel helpless to do much about them

（3）What is the author's opinion about the sudden change in teenage children?

A.Parents have no choice but to try to accept it.

B.Parents should be to blame for it.

C.Parents should work more closely with school teachers.

D.Parents are at fault for the change in their children.

（4）This text is most probably written by _______.

A.a specialist in teenager studies

B.a headmaster of a middle school

C.a parent with teenage children

D.a doctor for mental health problems

【答案】（1）D

（2）D

（3）A

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，在孩子的教育问题方面，父母亲不应该责备自己，因为他们也没有什么可以做的。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Sprawling himself (懒散地躺) on the sofa in full length, he made no attempt to turn off the loud TV he was watching as I walked in, and his greeting was no more than a quick g lance at me.”全身趴在沙发上，当我走进来的时候，根本没打算要关掉他正在看的开的很大声的电视，他的问候不过是瞥了我一眼，可知当我进来的时候，这个男孩没有和我打招呼，只是瞥了我一眼。说明他非常没有礼貌，很粗鲁。故选D。（2）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“‘Where did we go wrong?’her parents are now very sad.”她的父母非常难过，“我们哪儿错了?”可知这两个女孩的父母感觉很无助，不知道自己错在哪里。故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Parents should stop blaming themselves because there's not a lot they can do about it.”家长们应该停止自责，因为对于青少年问题，没有很多他们可以做的，可知关于孩子的教育问题，父母亲不应该责备自己，因为他们也没有什么可以做的；再根据“at certain times a wonderful, reasonable and helpful child will turn into a terrible animal.”可知在某些时候，孩子都会变得非常难以理解，作为父母亲只能接受现实。故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。作者在第一段中提及了有时候父母在教育孩子时无计可施，只能接受现实。接下来列举了两个例子，都是关于儿童教育失败。可知作者最可能是一个教育方面的专家。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读理解

In colleges around the country, most students are also workers.

The reality of college can be pretty different from the images presented in movies and television. Instead of the students who wake up late, party all the time, and study only before exams, many colleges are full of students with pressing schedules of not just classes and activities, but real jobs, too.

This isn't a temporary phenomenon. The share of working students has been on the rise since the 1970s, and one-fifth of students work year round. About one-quarter of those who work while attending school have both a full-course load and a full-time job. The arrangement can help pay for tuition (学费) and living costs, obviously. And there's value in it beyond the direct cause: such jobs can also be critical for developing important professional and social skills that make it easier to land a job after graduation. With many employers looking for students with already-developed skill sets, on-the-job training while in college can be the best way to ensure a job later on.

But it's not all upside. Even full-time work may not completely cover the cost of tuition and living expenses. The study notes that if a student worked a full-time job at the federal minimum wage, they would earn just over $15,000 each year, certainly not enough to pay for tuition, room, and board at many colleges without some serious financial aid. That means that though they're sacrificing time away from the classroom, many working students will still graduate with at least some debt. And working full time can reduce the chance that students will graduate at all, by cutting into the time available for studying and attending classes.

There is little reward for attending but not finishing college Students who end up leaving school because of difficulty in managing work and class are likely to find themselves stuck in some of the same jobs they might have gotten if they hadn't gone at all. The difficulty of working too much while in school can create a cycle that pushes students further into debt without receiving any of the financial or career benefits.

（1）According to the passage, the reality of college students is that ________.

A.they throw parties a lot

B.they stay up late every night

C.they work besides attending classes

D.they pay no attention to exams

（2）What is the indirect cause of an increasing number of working students?

A.The need of developing social networks.

B.The lack of summer jobs for young adults.

C.The chance of finding a job after graduation.

D.The expenses of high tuition and living costs.

（3）We can learn from the passage that _________.

A.working students are more likely to finish college

B.students can cover their college expenses through working

C.students receive a huge reward for managing work and class

D.working while attending school may not help students get career benefits

（4）What is the best title for the passage?

A.The Difficulties of Landing a Job

B.The Struggle of Work-School Balance

C.The Reward of Working While Studying

D.The Images of Working College Students

【答案】（1）C

（2）C

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讲述大学生在校期间学习和工作平衡的利与弊。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“In colleges around the country, most students are also workers.和第二段中many colleges are full of students with pressing schedules of not just classes and activities, but real jobs, too.”可知，在大学里面，多数的学生也是工人。他们既要忙于学习和参加活动又要忙着工作。故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“With many employers looking for students with already-developed skill sets, on-the-job training while in college can be the best way to ensure a job later on.”可知，很多老板聘用具备成熟技能的学生，大学期间的工作培训可能是以后找工作的最好方法。这是大学生参加工作的间接原因，故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“The difficulty of working too much while in school can create a cycle that pushes students further into debt without receiving any of the financial or career benefits.”在校期间工作太多可能对学生的财务和职业发展并无益处。故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文讲述大学生在校期间工作均衡的利与弊。The Struggle of Work-School Balance“在校期间学习工作平衡的冲突”概括了全文内容，适合作为标题。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读理解

We may be living in the digital age but reading books is still a big part of growing up. When they're in primary school, children read books that really challenge them. But once they reach secondary school, the level of difficulty doesn't change much. Secondary school students tend to read books which are also read by upper primary students. They are not challenging themselves enough.

To discover these trends, I analyzed data collected by Accelerated Reader (AR) software, which asks pupils to check their understanding of the books they've chosen to read. The difficulty —which I call "readability".

I also created two lists of books: one for the books that most secondary pupils had chosen to read, and another for the books they had voted as their favorites. According to the readability,

these students' favorite books tend to be much more advanced than the other books they chose, but they could still understand them. The rest of the books most often chosen by them are quite simple.

You might think that students who read harder books might make more mistakes and understand them less well. But students' quality of comprehension does not depend on the difficulty of the book, no matter what year of secondary school they're in. Having an interest is the most obvious factor here — if you like the book, you try hard to really understand it.

As children become teenagers, they listen less to advice from adults and more to advice from kids of their age. So, rather than trying to lecture young people on the benefits of Jane Austen, we should make the nature of the problem clear to them. Students should challenge each other to read more difficult books. Adults could help by setting up noticeboards or organizing social media networks for young people to share their recommendations. And teachers can lend a hand by setting aside time for reading in school. Young people will realize the problems that come when they don't challenge themselves to read difficult books.

（1）What can we learn from the first paragraph?

A.Children spend little time on after-class reading

B.Secondary school students seldom read tough books

C.Children's reading interest tends to decrease as they grow up

D.Primary students have difficulty choosing good reading materials

（2）The author made use of AR software to ________.

A.understand children's different reading styles

B.show the average time children spend on reading

C.find out the causes of children's reading difficulties

D.make clear the difficulty levels of books read by children

（3）What can we infer about secondary school students from the readability scores?

A.They find some advanced books interesting

B.They often make mistakes during advanced reading

C.They prefer to read books recommended by their parents

D.They can hardly improve their scores on reading comprehension

（4）According to Paragraph 4, what is vital for improving reading comprehension?

A.Basic knowledge

B.Reading skills

C.Motivation

D.Instruction

（5）What does the author want to express in the last paragraph?

A.Designing relatively difficult textbooks is necessary

B.Improving students' reading is a shared responsibility

C.Advanced technology should be used in reading reaching

D.Students should be encouraged to read more literary works

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）A

（4）C

（5）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者通过对初中生阅读能力的一项调查讨论了如何提高他们的阅读能力—兴趣动力。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“But once they reach secondary school, the level of difficulty doesn't change much. Secondary school students tend to read books which are also read by upper pr imary students. They are not challenging themselves enough.”但是一旦他们进入中学，学习的难度并没有太大的变化。中学生喜欢读小学高年级学生也读的书。他们没有足够的挑战自己，可知，初中生在阅读难度方面没有提高。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“To discover these trends, I analyzed data collected by Accelerated Reader (AR) software, which asks pupils to check their understanding of the books they've chosen to read. The difficulty —which I call ‘readability’.”为了发现这些趋势，我分析了加速阅读(AR)软件收集的数据，该软件要求学生检查他们对所选书籍的理解。这个困难——我称之为“可读性”，可知，AR软件是用来评测学生阅读难度的。故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“According to the readability, these students' favorite books tend to be much more advanced than the other books they chose, but they could still understand them. The rest of the books most often chosen by them are quite simple.”根据可读性，这些学生最喜欢的书往往比他们选择的其他书更高级/有难度，但他们仍然可以理解他们。他们最常选择的其他书都很简单，可知选A。

（4）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Having an interest is the most obvious factor here — if you like the book, you try hard to really understand it.”兴趣是最明显的因素——如果你喜欢这本书，你会努力去真正理解它，可知，兴趣或动力对于提高阅读理解能力来说很重要。故选C。

（5）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Students should challenge each ot her to read more difficult books. Adults could help by setting up noticeboards or organizing social media networks for young people to share their recommendations. And teachers can lend a hand by setting aside time for reading in school. Young people will realize the problems that come when they don't challenge themselves to read difficult books.”学生们应该互相挑战，多读些难懂的书。成年人可以通过设立公告栏或组织社交媒体网络来帮助年轻人分享他们的推荐。老师可以通过在学校留出阅读时间来帮助学生。年轻人会意识到，如果他们不挑战自己去读难懂的书，问题就会出现，可知，作者在建议提高学生阅读能力方面，将责任分别划分到了学生、老师、家长身上。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。