新人教一轮复习Book4Unit2
新课标人教版必修四Book4 Unit2 Vocabulary
• • • • • • • •
7. discovery n.发现；发觉 ①在发现石油之后，这个国家变得富有了。
The country became rich after the discovery of oil.
②科学家作出了许多重要发现。
Scientists have made many important discoveries. discovery 【归纳拓展】发现___________ discoverer 发现者_____________ ★discover/invent/find/find out的区别见非 常学案P19.
• • • • • • • • • • • •
5. equip vt & vi. 配备；装备 ①我们将为我们的办公室配备文字处理器。 We will equip our office with word processors. ②士兵们准备好了武器。 The soldiers were well equipped with weapons. 【归纳拓展】equip sb./sth. with 用…装备起来；使装 (具) 备 be equipped with___________ 装备；安装
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
1. struggle vi.&n. 斗争；拼搏；努力 ①他们必须与各种各样的困难作斗争。
They had to struggle against /with all kinds of difficulties.
②我们不会放弃改善工作条件的斗争。
We won’t give up our struggle for better working condition.
2019届高三一轮复习Book 4 Unit 2 单词拼写+句子翻译
2019届高三一轮复习B ook 4 Unit 2 Working the Land单词拼写+句子翻译Step 1：Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the words given1．We used to_____________(斗争) to fight against the severe weather.2．She made no ________________ (评价) on her income..3．After three ___________(十年) in prison, he got _______________ (自由) again4．He was studying English to _________(装备) himself for his new job.5．Since then, the news about Ma Yun’s success quickly ___________(流传) around the country.6．The students get used to _________(画底线标出) all the key words in the passage. 7．The book is an _________ (扩展) of a series of lectures given last year.8．The ________(产量) of __________(谷物) has doubled in China in the last ten years. 9．Please write a two-page _______(摘要) of this report about this _________(发现). 10．He was depressed and in a _______(迷惑的) state of mind.Step 2：Put the following sentences into English:1．多亏了你的帮助我们才能在这么短的时间内找到丢失的孩子。
人教版英语Book4 Unit2 语法ing形式作主语和宾语
• 有些短语以to 结尾，但后面需加ing形式作宾语， • 如be/ get used to (习惯于)， look forward to (盼望)，pay attention to (注意)， devote...to(把...奉献 给 )等
• 其他需加-ing形式作宾语的短语： • • • • • • • • • feel like(喜欢), be busy (in) (忙于), be tired of(厌烦), be fond of(喜欢), be afraid of(害怕), think of / about(考虑), keep on(继续), insist on(坚持), be good at(擅长), give up(放弃), can’t stand (无法忍受) spend… (in) doing, succeed in doing(成功做), have difficulty / trouble (in) doing (做…有麻烦) can’t help doing (情不自禁做)
• • • •
Please go on doing _____(do) the same exercise． to do (do) the other exercise． Please go on _____ Stop _______ talking (talk), please ． to have He stopped __________(have) a rest after a tiring walk．
It is worth / worthwhile watching this movie. 2.玩电脑游戏是浪费时间的。 It is a waste of time playing the computer games. 3.说这样的话是没有用的。 It is no use saying such a thing.
人教版高考英语一轮总复习 必修4 Unit 2 Working the land
,I can’t go to the bookstore
has achieved. 2.As we all know,too much work and too little rest often ④ lead to (导致)
illness.To live a long and active life,we should build up good relationships with each other.⑤ In addition (另外),we should make full use of new energy to ⑥ keep our environment free from/of (使……免遭)
discovered Radium,and many scientists were surprised at her __d_is_c_o_v_e_r_y__
at that time.(discover)
Ⅲ.语篇填空
1.In order to ① rid
local people of
poverty,he made up his mind to ② build up
a clean canteen and healthy food.
③I struggled to keep
(keep) my balance on my new skates.
核心词汇突破 重点句型透视
【写美】句式升级·背诵 ④Dina had struggled for months to find a job as a waitress,and finally took a position at a local advertising agency. → Having struggled for months to find a job as a waitress,Dina finally took a position at a local advertising agency.(动词-ing短语作状语)
高中英语 Book 4 Unit 2重点短语讲解 新人教版必修4
Book 4 Unit 2重点短语讲解1. Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields. (P10)【归纳】search for 意思是“寻找，搜寻”。
【延伸】search into调查；search out寻找到；search through 把……仔细搜寻一遍；search one’s memory 寻思，追忆；search one’s heart 扪心自问；in search of 寻找，寻求。
【易错点】search some place意为“在某地搜查”；search for sth 意为“寻找某物”；如：s earch sb 搜身；search for sb 寻找某人。
2. Dr Yuan is quite satisfied with his life. (P10)【归纳】be satisfied with意为“对……感到满意”。
【延伸】to one’s satisfaction 使某人满意的是；in satisfaction 满意地；satisf y sb that使相信……；satisfie d one’s doubt消除某人的疑虑。
【易错点】satisfactory / satisfy-ing：都是“令人（感觉到）满意的”意思，其句中的主语或修饰的名词大都是表示事物的名词，两者一般可以换用。
而satisfied意为“满意的”，是人的主观感受，其句中的主语或修饰的名词一般都是表示人的名词。
3. He would much rather keep time for his hobbies. (P10)【归纳】would rather意思是“宁愿”，后接动词原形，没有人称和数的变化。
【延伸】would rather do宁愿做某事；would rather have done表示过去的想法，通常可译为“(本来)宁愿做某事；I’d rather not，表示委婉的不同意，意为“我宁愿不……”；prefer to do rather than do宁愿……而不愿……；prefer doing to doing宁愿……而不愿……。
【高考推荐】2020-2021高考英语一轮选练习题Unit2Workingtheland(含解析)新人教版必修4
必修4Unit 2李仕才(必修4 Unit 2)【短文语法填空】It was a busy day at the grocery store and an old couple were in line behind me with birthday balloons.From 1.________ they said，I knew their nephew had a twin and something bad happened to the baby at birth.Though they did all they could 2.________(help) them but times were tough for them.They seemed to be too nervous and were too 3.________(anxiety) to leave，so I asked4.________ they wanted to go ahead of me or not.They didn’t understand what I5.________(mean) at first.After knowing it，they were very appreciative.But they stood behind me.At that time I knew it had to be a significant day to them.Nothing could be6.________(good) if someone offered to help them.So I told the cashier to add the balloons to my purchases.The old couple refused at first7.________ I insisted.I said，“You tell your sweet nephew that there are still nice people left who wanted to give them8.________ hand in this world.” They thanked me over and over and the cashier was moved to tears，9.________(say) there was an angel in her line today. That little act of 10.________(kind) made everyone who saw it feel good—but it made me feel the best of all!Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2016·山西考前质检)It’s that time of year when people need to lock their cars.It’s not because there are a lot of criminals running around stealing cars.Rather,it’s because of the good-hearted neighbours who want to share their harvest.Especially with this year’s large crop,leaving a car unlocked in my neighbourhood is an invitation for someone to stuff it full of zucchini(西葫芦).My sister-in-law,Sharon,recently had a good year for tomatoes.She and her family had eaten and canned so many that they began to feel their skin turn slightlyred.That’s when she decided it was time to share her blessings.She started callingeveryone she knew.When that failed,she began to ask everyone in the neighbourhoodlike a politician,eventually finding a neighbour delighted to have thetomatoes.“Feel free to take whatever you want.” Sharon told her.She felt happy that she could help someone and that the food didn’t go to waste.A few days later,Sharon answered the door.There was the neighbour,holding some bread.The neighbour smiled pleasantly,“I want to thank you for all of thetomatoes,and I have to admit that I took a few other things and hope you wouldn’t mind.”Sharon couldn’t think of anything else in her garden that had been worth harvesting and said so.“Oh,but you did,” the neighbour said.“You had some of the prettiest zucchini I’ve ever seen.”Sharon was confused.Zucchini in her garden?The y hadn’t even planted any zucchini.But her neighbour insisted that there really were bright-green zucchini in Sharon’s garden.Sharon’s curiosity got the better of her and she had to go and see where the zucchini had grown.The two of them walked together into the backyard.When the neighbour pointed at the long green vegetables,Sharonsmiled.“Well,actually,those are cucumbers that we never harvested,because they got too big,soft and bitter for eating or canning.”The neighbour looked at Sharon,shock written all over her face.Then,shesmiled,and held out the bread that she had shared all over the neighbourhood.“I brought you a loaf of cucumber bread.I hope you like it.”1.Why does the author suggest that people in the neighbourhood should lock their cars?A.They might be stolen by thieves.B.They might be moved away by the police.C.Their neighbours might throw rubbish in them.D.Their neighbours might fill them with their harvest.2.How did those who received Sharon’s call react to the invitation to take her tomatoes?A.They refused to take it.B.They accepted it with pleasure.C.They promised to come when they were free.D.They recommended someone else who would like them.3.What did the neighbour do in Sharon’s garden?A.She harvested tomatoes only.B.She harvested zucchini by accident.C.She took some cucumbers mistakenly.D.She took something without Sharon’s permission.4.We can infer from the article that the neighbour’ s bread would taste .A.bitter but tastyB.strange and funnyC.hard and sourD.soft and sweetBLeeds Library CalendarMonday 10 April 18:00-20:00Leeds Centre for Victorian Studies — The Gott collection and the Yorkshire Landscape. Nicole Harding talks aboutte Gott collection.Admission: FREESaturday 6 May 13:00-15:30Members’ Film C lub: The Best Actor and Actress SeasonThere Will Be Blood(15) 158 mins.Daniel Plainview (Day Lewis) is a down-and-out silver miner who strikes it rich and becomes an oil tycoon. When he learns of a small oil-rich town in Californis, he moves there with his adopted son. Using his son to project the image of a caring family man, Plainview gains the cooperation of almost all the locals in the town, with promises to help develop their community but over time, Plainview’s gradual accumulation of wealth and power causes his true self to surface.Admission: €3(including a glass of wine).To book please click here.Wednesday 17 May 18:00-20:00Member’s Film Club: The Best Actor and Actress SeasonBorn Yesterday (PG) 116 mins.Judy Holliday plays Billie Dawn, the dumb blonde girlfriend of Harry Brook (Broderick Crawford), a corrupt millionaire junk dealer. Brock, a man with social ambitions, is embarrassed by Billie’s rube behavior, so he arranges for her to take a crash course in culture from a handsome, young journalist (Willian Holden). Billie learns reallyquickly under his kind guide and becomes increasingly aware of her role in Brock’s business deals.Admission: €3(including a glass of wine).To book please click here.Thursday 8 June 18:00-20:30Big Book End Event: In Conversation With Candace Robb and Chris NicksonHistorian and historical crime fiction author, Candace Robb will be in conversation with historical crime fiction author, Chris Nickson on Thurs 8 June, 7 p.m. at the Leeds Library.Admission: €3To book please click here.1.What film will be shown on 6th May?A. Judy Holliday.B.A Glass of Wine.C. There Will Be Blood.D. Born Yesterday.2.What do we know about Billie Dawn from Born Yesterday?A. She is embarrassed by he bad manners.B. She realizes what to be expected of her.C. She contributes to her family business.D. She admires her course teacher.3.Who will attend Big Book End Event at the Leeds Library?A. Candace Robb.B. William Holden.C. Daniel Plainview.D. Broderick Crawford.Ⅱ.完形填空Several years ago,I quit my job to chase my dream of writing a book,but that book was 1 repeatedly.Everybody was asking,“How’s the book coming?”I was so2 .My friends got together one day and I blurted out(脱口而出),“I don’t know my purpose in life.”The outburst was met with 3 and stares.Finally,Pam said,“I don’t know,either.”She was in a job she 4 .Teresa said,“Me either.”I was sure that Bette would have a(n) 5 .She was suffering from cancer and,surely she had figured things out since she was facing a likely terminal outcome. 6 ,she shook her head.Two years passed and,during that time,I sold my 7 ,Teresa went back to school,Pam switched 8 ,and Bette kept on living as best as she could.Actually,for those two years,Bette lived a 9 life than any of us.She built a butterfly garden in her neighbourhood.She spent time with her family,went hiking, 10 and lived.My book was finally 11 and Bette made it to my first big signing.A day or two later,she was back in the 12 as she was seriously ill.I left on tour for several weeks,and when I 13 ,she was close to 14 .The day came when her brother called to let me know Bette had 15 .He asked me to write her obituary(讣告).I thought about how she’d filled every moment with as much joy as she could find.That obituary wasn’t a list of 16 .It was the story of a woman who lived. 17 what life threw at her,she lived.That was when I 18 what I’d learned through her passing.She defined her purpose in life by simply living her life.That’s all any of us are here to do.In the end,the only thing that 19 is that we breathe in our time here and fill it with 20 .1.A.read B.printedC.rejectedD.written2.A.excited B.confidentC.enviousD.embarrassed3.A.darkness B.smokeC.dangerD.silence4.A.hated B.lostC.foundD.created5.A.present B.answerC.dreamD.excuse6.A.Therefore B.HoweverC.BesidesD.Otherwise7.A.house B.carC.paperD.book8.A.jobs B.methodsC.topicsD.channels9.A.fuller B.poorerC.sadderD.simplerplained B.shoutedughedD.learned11.A.revised B.publishedC.reviewedD.translated12.A.hospital B.schoolC.gardenpany13.A.followed B.returnedC.escapedD.recovered14.A.success B.deathC.troubleD.wealth15.A.given up B.shown offC.turned downD.passed away16.A.requirements B.suggestionsC.achievementsD.agreements17.A.Other than B.Rather thanC.Regardless ofD.In case of18.A.guessed B.decidedC.expectedD.realized19.A.works B.mattersC.existsD.changes20.A.life B.trustC.luckD.natureⅢ.短文改错(2016·江西八所重点中学盟校联考)Several days ago,I was out with my friends at the local fast food restaurant.The food was tasted good and we had fun together.After we left the restaurant,we discovered it also sold ice cream.Because we have not eaten ice cream for a long time,we got very exciting.One of our friends decided to buy both of us ice cream and in the restaurant,we screamed crazy.Then a man came in with his son,whom wanted to buy ice cream,too.In the end,he decided to pay our ice cream.We were touched by such an act of kind on a hot day.〚导学号92550055〛(必修4 Unit 2)【短文语法填空】1.what2.to help3.anxious4.whether/if 5．meant6.better7.but8.a9.saying 10．kindnessⅠ.【解题导语】本文为记叙文,介绍了邻居之间共享丰收果实时而出现的一个有趣的小插曲,邻居错摘了莎伦家园子里的黄瓜,以为是西葫芦。
新课标人教版必修四Book4 Unit2 Reading
(4) How does he spend the money he gets from his research?
He gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.
(5) Why did Dr Yuan want to increase the rice output when he was young?
Please read the passage carefully and finish the following exercises.
Task 3. Read the text and fill in the form.
Personal information Name Nationality Age Occupation Education
Dream
Achievements Hobbies
Personal information
Name
Nationality Age Occupation Education Dream Achievements Hobbies
Yuan Longping Chinese 83 (1930-- ) scientist/farmer graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953 to export his hybrid rice so that it can be grown around the globe developed super hybrid rice listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading
新课标人教版必修四Book4 Unit2 Language points
4. Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger. thanks to = because of ; owing to ①多亏了史密斯大夫，我现在又能走路了。 Thanks to Dr. Smith, I can walk around again now. ②Thanks to his carelessness, we suffered a great loss. 由于他的粗心，我们遭受了巨大损失。 ③由于他的愚蠢，我们赢了这场比赛。 It was thanks to his stupidity that we won the game. rid…of … 使…摆脱 /清除… ③She is trying to rid herself of a dependence on drugs. 她正努力使自己摆脱对药物的依赖。 ④You should rid yourself of the bad habits. 你应该改掉自己的坏习惯。 get rid of 摆脱、除去
Unit 2 Language points
A pioneer for all people
重点词汇与句型 1. …, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades. 经常用于现在完成时的时间状语有:already, yet, recently , so far , up to now , since……, in the past … years 等等. ①在过去的十年里，物价平稳地上升。 Prices have risen steadily during/in the past decade. ②过去的十年里，中国发生了巨大的变化。 Great changes have taken place in China in the past decade. struggle vi. 搏斗, 挣扎, 努力, 拼搏 They were struggling to get out of the burning car. [搭配] struggle against 与…斗争，为反对…而斗争， struggle for 为争取…而斗争 struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来 He has been cancer for many struggling against/with years. He has been success in his career struggling for
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
话题词汇1．agriculture n．农业2．farming n．耕种3．village n．乡村4．rural adj.农村的5．farmer/peasant n．农民6．beach n．沙滩7．majorin以……为专业8．cutdowntrees砍伐树木9．supplysth.tosb./supplysb.withsth.提供某物给某人10．thestruggleforsurvival求生经典语篇高三年级举办了一次讨论会，请你将活动情况写成一篇英文报道。
写作内容写作要求只能用5个句子表达全部内容。
评分标准句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。
佳作欣赏LastFriday，adiscussiononthetheme“Whatwillthefuturebelike？”washeldamongstudentsinSeniorThreeinthele cturehallofourschool.①Somestudentsarequiteoptimistic，believingthatinthefuture，withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology，transportationwillbemoreconvenientandhumanbeings，whoenjoyhigherqualityoflife，willlivemuchlonger.②However，otherstudents，whoarealittlepessimistic，holdthatinthefutureasnaturalresourcesfurtherdecrease，farmlandwillbecomeless.③What’sworse，pollutionwillbemoreseriousandmoretrafficaccidentswillhappen.Afterthediscussion，werealizeweshouldtakeimmediatemeasurestoprotectnaturalresourcesandreduceenvironmentalpolluti on.④思维发散1.用主动语态改写第①句LastFriday，studentsinSeniorThreeheldadiscussiononthetheme“Whatwillthefuturebelike？”inthelecturehallof ourschool.2．用分词改写第②句Somestudentsarequiteoptimistic，believingthatinthefuture，withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology，transportationwillbemoreconvenientandhumanbeings，enjoyinghigherqualityoflife，willlivemuchlonger.3．用“with复合结构”改写第③句However，otherstudents，whoarealittlepessimistic，holdthatinthefuturewithnaturalresourcesfurtherdecreasing，farmlandwillbecomeless.4．用分词短语作状语改写第④句Afterdiscussing，werealizeweshouldtakeimmediatemeasurestoprotectnaturalresourcesandreduceenvironmentalpolluti on.Ⅰ.重点单词A．写作单词1．struggle (v i.&n．)斗争；拼搏；努力2．expand (v t.&v i.)使变大；伸展3．therefore (ad v.)因此；所以；因而4．export (v t.&v i.)输出；出口5．rid (v t.)摆脱；除去6．reduce (v t.)减少；减缩7．focus (n.)焦点；中心点；(v t.)集中；聚焦8．comment (n.)评论；议论；(v i.&v t.)表达意见；作出评论9．equip (v t.&v i.)配备；装备equipment (n.)设备10．confuse (v t.)使迷惑；使为难confused (adj.)迷惑的confusing (adj.)令人困惑的11．regret (v t.)遗憾；惋惜；(n.)遗憾；懊悔regretful (adj.)后悔的；遗憾的B．阅读单词12．sunburnt (adj.)晒黑的13．super (adj.)特级的；超级的14．statistic (n.)数据；统计15．decade (n.)十年；十年期16．output (n.)产量；输出17．crop (n.)庄稼；农作物；产量18．grain (n.)谷物；粮食；颗粒19．nutrition (n.)营养；滋养；食物20．mineral (n.)矿物；矿石21．root (n.)根；根源22．skim (v t.)浏览；略读23．underline (v t.)画底线标出；强调24．summary (n.)总结；摘要；概要25．bacteria (n.)细菌26．pest (n.)害虫；害兽；害鸟27．soil (n.)土壤28．battle (n.)战役；战斗；斗争；较量；(v t.&v i.)搏斗；奋斗29．hunger (n.)饥饿；欲望；(v t.&v i.)(使)饥饿hungry (adj.)饥饿的30．disturbing (adj.)引起烦恼的；令人不安的disturb (v t.)打扰31．circulate (v t.&v i.)循环；流传circulation (n.)循环；流传32．freedom (n.)自由；自主free (adj.)自由的33．nationality (n.)国籍national (adj.)国家的；民族的34．occupation (n.)工作；职业；占领occupy (v t.)占据；占领35．chemical (adj.)化学的；关于化学的chemistry (n.)化学chemist (n.)化学家36．production (n.)生产；制造produce (v.)生产product (n.)产品37．discovery (n.)发现；发觉discover (v t.)发现Ⅱ.重点短语1．withthehopeof怀有……的希望2．searchfor寻找；搜寻3．besatisfiedwith对……感到满意4．buildup逐渐增强；建立；开发5．turnto转向；求助于6．focuson集中(注意力、精力等)于……7．thanksto幸亏；由于，因为8．rid...of使……摆脱或除去9．wouldrather宁愿；宁可10．leadto导致；造成(后果)11．keep...freefrom/of使……免受(影响、伤害等)；使……不含(有害物质)Ⅲ.经典句式1．Ifso，whatdidyoudotogrowthem?如果这样的话，你做了些什么来种植这些植物？2．YuanLongpinggrowswhatiscalledsuperhybridrice.袁隆平博士种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。
3．Sincethen，findingwaystogrowmorericehasbeenhislifegoal.从那以后，发现培育更多水稻的方法成为他毕生的目标。
4．Hewouldmuchratherkeeptimeforhishobbies.他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。
5．Cropssuchaspeasorsoybeansputimportantmineralsbackintothesoil，makingitreadyforcropssuchaswheatorcornthatneedrichandfertilesoil.像豌豆和大豆这样的农作物将重要的矿物质带回土壤，从而使之适宜于种植要求土壤肥沃的农作物比如玉米和小麦。
Ⅳ.课文语法填空Famousscientist1.asheis，YuanLongpingconsidershimself2.afarmer.Hegrows3.whatiscalledsuperhybridrice.Asayoungman，YuanLongpingsawthegreatneedforincreasingthericeoutput.Atthattime，hungerwasadisturbingprobleminChina.Hewantedtoincreasericeharvestswithout4.expanding(expand) theareaofthefields.In1973，aspecialstrainofricemade5.itpossibletoproduce20%moreofthecropinthesamefields.Thanks6.tohisres earch，theUNhasmoretoolsinthebattletoridtheworldof7.hunger(hungry)．Usinghishybridrice，rge(large)asbefore.Heisnowcirculatinghisriceknowledgeinlessdevelopedcountries9.toincrease(increase) theirriceharvestsandhewantstoexporthisricesothatitcanbegrownaroundtheglobe.Thoughhehasstruggl edforthepastfivedecades，YuanLongpingisquitesatisfied10.withhislife.Inhissparetime，heenjoyslisteningtoviolinmusic，playingmah-jong，swimmingandreading.1.struggle vi.斗争；拼搏；努力；n.斗争；战争我们得和各种各样的困难作斗争。
(2)She struggledtoherfeet andcontinuedwalking.她挣扎着站起来，继续走。
(3)She struggledtogetawayfrom herattacker.她挣扎着想摆脱那个侵犯她的人。
多维训练(1)根据提示语填空Unluckily，thefarmershavesufferedaheavydroughtthisyear.Theyhaveto①strugglefor(为……而努力) aliving.Theyare②strugglingwith/against(与……抗争) thebadweatherforabetterharvest.Anyway，theyare③strugglingto(努力) increasetheirincome.However，thefinancialcrisisaddstotheirdifficulties.Asaresult，theyhavetofacethe④strugglefor(为……而抗争) existence.(2)单句语法填空①Jennifer，havingstruggled(struggle) forweekstofindajobasatravelguide，finallyturnedouttobeasalesgirl.②In1862theAmericanslaveswontheirstruggleforfreedom.③ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtostruggletobeheard(hear)．2.rid vt.摆脱；除去你必须摆脱这些陈腐观念的束缚。