英语试题(二)

英语试题(二)I. Fill in the blank with an appropriate form of the word given:(10 scores)1.I suggest that you ______the White Pagoda Mountain this Sunday. (climb)2.My business ______for the time being by the lack of ready money. (embarrass)3.I hoped that when we arrived there they ______everything ready. (make)4.When the vagrant returned home, he was forbidden ______the house. (enter)5.I can’t make any decision, because I am just an ______in this company. But I canrecommend you to the ______ . (employ)6.______your instructions and I can understand you. (simple)7.He could not ______lose his fortune entirely. (afford)8.The purpose of this action is ______students who take tests for others. (catch)9.People are often confused by some ______translation. (accurate)10.______that the President would give us an audience, we made everything ready.(inform)II. Fill in the blanks with the words and expressions given below, changing the form where necessary. (15 scores)prefe r to positive due to bring out admitotherwise so that compare with act on mentalowe set forth used to tell from represent1.To Chinese people Yuanmingyuan Park______a history of foreign invasion.2.There are four forces______an aircraft as it flies through the air.3.She became famous almost overnight after formally______by a film producer.4.All the committee members have______their opinions in a report to the chairman.5.One should know how to______the good ones ______the bad ones.6.Out of modesty, he______all his achievements to the help of his leaders andcolleagues.7.As modern people’s life pressure increases, more and more people have come to realizethe importance of______health.8.She is quite well in health though she looks very much______.9.That Hemingway became a writer______his mother’s influence.10.I am______that the boy I saw yesterday by the river is Jimmy.11.Anything was_______that dreadful din in the house.12.The food in England is strange at first but you’ll soon get______it.13.Nothing more was heard from him_______we began to wonder if he was dead.14.The tallest buildings in London are small in________those in New York.15.The murderer_______the crime to the court.III. Translation: (40 scores)1. 只有当太阳落山后,沙漠才完全活跃起来.2. Men are not always made thoughtful by books; but they are generally made thoughtfulby association with men who think.3. 荣誉应属于每一位员工,他们使公司从一无所有到繁荣昌盛.4. There are four types of blood, all types are found in every race, and no type is distinct toany race. Human brains are the same. No scientists could examine a brain and tell you the race to which the individual belonged. Brains will vary in size, but this occurs within every race. Nor does size have anything to do with intelligence.5. 作为一个歌唱演员,她的成功与她的天赋以及家庭背景有很大的关系.6. For many kinds of insects, living in the desert is easier than for animals. Like many desert plants, they have a waterproof skin which prevents water loss by evaporation. In addition, some insects spend all or most of their life below ground. Here, for most of the year at least, there is some wetness, and it is generally cooler than on the surface.7. 这个小男孩通过在夜里行走战胜了对黑暗的恐惧.8. Heaven helps those who help themselves.9. 你的生活在你自己的手中, 你生活的质量也掌握在你的手中. 你应该让自己变得美丽,聪明, 苗条, 健康. 如果你失败了, 那是因为你努力得不够.10. Faith moves mountains.IV．Reading Comprehension.There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements：(A):The fridge is considered a necessity. It has been so since the 1960s when packagedfood first appeared with the label: "store in the refrigerator."In my fridgeless fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthily. The milkman came daily, the grocer, the butcher(肉商), the baker, and the ice-cream man delivered two or three times a week. The Sunday meat would last until Wednesday and surplus (剩余) bread and milk became all kinds of cakes. Nothing was wasted, and we were never troubled by rotten food. Thirty years on food deliveries have ceased, fresh vegetables are almost unobtainable in the country.The invention of the fridge contributed comparatively little to the art of foodpreservation. A vast way of well-tried techniques already existed--natural cooling, drying, smoking salting, sugaring, bottling...What refrigeration did promote was marketing--marketing hardware and electricity, marketing soft drinks, marketing dead bodies of animals around the globe in search of a good price.Consequently, most of the world's fridges are to be found, not in the tropics where they might prove useful, but in the wealthy countries with mild temperatures where they are climatically almost unnecessary. Every winter, millions of fridges hum away continuously, and at vast expense, busily maintaining an artificially-cooled space inside an artificially? Heated house-while outside, nature provides the desired temperature free of charge.The fridge's effect upon the environment has been evident, while its contribution to human happiness has been insignificant, if you don't believe me, try it yourself, invest in a food cabinet and turn off your fridge next winter. You may miss the hamburgers (汉堡包), but at least you'll get rid of that terrible hum.1.The statement "In my fridgeless fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthily."(Line 1, Para.2) suggests that _______.2.Why does the author say that nothing was wasted before the invention of fridges?3. Which of the phrases in the fifth paragraph indicates the fridge's negative effect onthe environment?4. Who benefited the least from fridges according to the author?(B):The human brain contains 10 thousand million cells and each of these may have athousand connections. Such enormous numbers used to discourage us and cause us to dismiss the possibility of making a machine with human like ability, but now that we have grown used to moving forward at such a pace we can be less sure. Quite soon, in only 10 or 20 years perhaps, we will be able to assemble a machine as complex as the human brain, and if we can we will. It may then take us a long time to render it intelligent by loading in the right software (软件) or by altering the architecture but that too will happen.I think it certain that in decades, not centuries, machines of silicon (硅) will arisefirst to rival and then exceed their human ancestors. Once they exceed us they will be capable of their own design. In a real sense they will be able to reproduce themselves. Silicon will have ended carbon's long control. And we will no longer be able to claim ourselves to be the finest intelligence in the known universe.As the intelligence of robots increases to match that of humans and as their cost declines through economies of scale we may use them to expand our frontiers, first on earth through their ability to withstand environments, harmful to ourselves.Thus, deserts may bloom and the ocean beds be mined. Further ahead, by a combination of the great wealth this new age will bring and the technology it will provide, the construction of a vast, man-created world in space, home to thousands or millions of people, will be within our power.5. In what way can we make a machine intelligent?6. What does the writer think about machines with human-like ability?7.The word carbon (Line 4, para.2) stands for" _______".8. When can a robot be used to expand our frontiers?(C): In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child's acquisition(学会)of each new skill the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters. Others are severed over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child's own happiness.As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality(道德). Also, parents should realize that "example is better than precept". If they are not sincere and do not practise what they preach (说教), their children may grow confused, and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled.A sudden awareness of a marked dif ference between their parents' principles andtheir morals can be a dangerous disappointment.9. Is eagerly watching the child's acquisition of new skills universal among parents?10. What should parents do in the process of children's learning new skills?11. What does the second paragraph mainly tell us?12. The word "precept"( Line 3, Para. 3) probably means "______ ".(D):A good modern newspaper is an extraordinary piece of reading. It is remarkable first for what it contains: the range of news from local crime to international politics, from sport to business to fashion to science, and the range of comment and special features (特定) as well, from editorial page to feature articles and interviews to criticism of books, art, theatre and music. A newspaper is even more remarkable for the way one reads it: never completely, never straight through, but always by jumping from here to there, in and out glancing at one piece, reading another article all the way through, reading just a few paragraphs of the next.A good modern newspaper offers a variety to attract many different readers, but far more than any one reader is interested in. What brings this variety together in one place is its topicality (时事性), its immediate relation to what is happening in your world and your locality now. But immediacy and the speed of production that goes with it mean also that much of what appears in a newspaper has no more than transient(短暂的) value. For all these reasons, no two people really read the same paper: what each person does is to put together out of the pages of that day's paper, his own selection and sequence, his own news paper. For all these reasons, reading newspapers efficiently, which means getting what you want from them without missing things you need but without wasting time, demands skill and self awareness as you modify and apply the techniques of reading.13.For what is a modern newspaper remarkable?14. According to the passage, what is the reason why no two people really read the "same" newspaper?15. Why does a good newspaper offer "a variety" to readers?16. What would the best title for this passage be?(E):The way people hold to the belief that a fun filled, pain free life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness, If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact, the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain.As a result, many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment (承担的义务), self improvement. Ask a bachelor(单身汉) why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure, excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features.Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night's sleep or a three day vacation.I don't know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children. But couples who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild.Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.17. According to the author, why does a bachelor resist marriage?18. From the last paragraph, we learn that envy sometimes stems from________.19. To understand what true happiness is, what must one do?20. What is the author trying to tell us?V:Writing. (15 scores)For this part, you are allowed to write a compositio n on the topic Do “Lucky Numbers”Really Bring Good Luck? You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below.1. 有些人认为某些数字会带来好运。