各种车辆英文翻译
外文翻译:沙滩车

附录1沙滩车的英文名称为A TV[All Terrain V ehicle],中文意思就是“适合所有地形之交通工具”。
中国官方机构叫四轮全地形车,已制定其生产标准QC/T760-2006《四轮全地形车通用技术条件》。
全地形车的英文是All Terrain Vehicle(适合所有地形的交通工具),缩写是ATV,俗称为“沙滩车”,又称“全地形四轮越野机车”,车辆简单实用,野性能好,外观一般无篷。
总之很难用简单的中文名称来表达它的意义。
AT具有宽大的轮胎能增加与地面的接触面积,产生更大的摩擦力而且能降低车辆对地面的压强,使其容易行驶于沙滩、河床、林道、溪流,以及恶劣的沙漠地形。
可载送人员或运输物品。
All Terrain Vehicle(适合所有地形的交通工具)很难用简单的中文名称来表达它的意义。
根据它的外观,勉强可以译成“全地形四轮越野机车”,但仍觉得很拗口。
通常大家称它为“沙滩车”,因为在软质的沙地上,ATV宽大的轮胎能增加与地面的接触面积,从而产生更大的摩擦力,再配合独特的胎纹使轮胎不易空转打滑,使其容易行驶于沙地,但其实品质良好、性能优良的ATV不仅能行驶在沙滩上,河床、林道、溪流,更恶劣的沙漠地形甚至都能被它轻易征服。
载送人员或运输物品使ATV的功能发挥得淋漓尽致,堪称全能的行动工具。
所以,请不要再叫它“沙滩车”了,它是很优秀的交通工具,也是人类伟大的发明之一。
只是受限于本地环境,不然它会是人们的最佳伴侣之一。
现代全地形车(ATV)的前身源自于三轮且使用低压气胎的机车,开始时它只是为越野赛设计的车,后来逐渐成为比赛赛车、实用运输车、家庭休闲用车等等。
随着在美国等市场的流行,机车由三轮改变至四轮。
随着四轮车辆成为全地形车的主要形式,四轮驱动式ATV车也发展起来。
目前,具有良好的道路通过性,而且具备一定的载货能力的ATV车在美洲、澳洲很受欢迎。
根据中国汽车工业协会2005年的调查,我国在册的ATV总装厂已达122家,每年出口量很大。
铁路专业英文词汇

铁路专业词汇一、铁路;铁道railway railroad铁路线 railway line; railroad line铁路网 railway network; railroad network 铁道科学 railway science铁路技术 railway technology铁路等级 railway classification国有铁路 national railway; state railway 地方铁路 local railway; regional railway 私有铁路 private railway合资铁路 joint investment railway; jointly owned railway标准轨铁路 standard-gage railway窄轨铁路 narrow-gage railway米轨铁路 meter-gage railway宽轨铁路 broad-gage railway单线铁路 single track railway双线铁路 double track railway多线铁路 multiple track railway重载铁路 heavy haul railway高速铁路 high speed railway电气化铁路;电力铁路 electrified railway;electric railway干线铁路 main line railway; trunk railway 市郊铁路 suburban railway地下铁道;地铁 subway; metro; underground railway工业企业铁路 industry railway矿山铁路 mine railway轻轨铁路 light railway; light rail高架铁路 elevated railway单轨铁路;独轨铁路monorail;monorail railway磁浮铁路magnetic levitation railway;maglev森林铁路 forest railway山区铁路 mountain railway既有铁路 existing railway新建铁路 newly-built railway改建铁路 reconstructed railway运营铁路 railway in operation; operation;operating railway专用铁路 special purpose railway干线 trunk line; main line支线 branch line铁路专用线 railway special line货运专线 railway line for freight traffic;freight special line; freight traffic only line客运专线 railway line for passenger traffic;passenger special line; passenger traffic only line客货运混合铁路railway line for mixed passenger and freight traffic铁路运营长度;运营里程 operation length of railway; operating distance; revenue length 列车运行图 train diagram铁路建筑长度 construction length of railway 区间 section区段 district轨距 rail gage; rail gauge轮重 wheel load轴重 axle load最大轴重 maximum allowable axle load限制轴重 axle load limited限界 clearance; gauge限界图 clearance diagram铁路建筑限界railway construction clearance; structure clearance for railway;railway struction gauge基本建筑限界fundamental construction clearance; fundamental structure gauge桥梁建筑限界 bridge construction clearance;bridge structure gauge隧道建筑界限 tunnel construction clearance;tunnel structure gauge铁路机车车辆限界 rolling stock clearance for railway; vehicle gauge机车车辆上部限界 clearance limit for upper part of rolling stock机车车辆下部限界 clearance limit for lower part of rolling stock装载限界 loading clearance limit; loading gauge阔大货物限界clearance limit for freight with exceptional dimension; clearance limit for oversize commodities接触网限界clearance limit for overhead contract wire; clearance limit for overhead catenary system; overhead catenary system gauge列车与线路相互作用 track-train interaction 轮轨关系 wheel-rail relation; wheel-rail interaction粘着系数 adhesion coefficient车轮滑行 wheel sliding; wheel skid车轮空转 wheel slipping牵引种类kinds of traction;category of traction牵引方式 mode of traction牵引定数 tonnage rating; tonnage of traction 装载系数 loading coefficient速度 speed持续速度 continuous speed 限制速度 limited speed; speed restriction 均衡速度 balancing speed构造速度 construction speed; design speed 最高速度 maximum speed临界速度 critical speed重载列车 heavy haul train高速列车 high speed train超长超重列车 exceptionally long and heavy train列车正面冲突 train collision列车尾追 train tail collision列车尾部防护 train rear end protection伸缩运动 fore and aft motion蛇行运动 hunting; nosing列车压缩 train running in列车拉伸 train running out列车分离 train separation列车颠覆 train overturning列车动力学 train dynamics列车空气动力学 train aerodynamics机车车辆振动 vibration of rolling stock纵向振动 longitudinal vibration横向振动 lateral vibration垂向振动 vertical vibration摆滚振动 rock-roll vibration浮沉振动 bouncing; vibration测滚振动 rolling ; vibration测摆振动 swaying; vibration点头振动 pitching; nodding摇头振动 yawing; hunting机车车辆共振 resonance of rolling stock机车车辆冲击 impact of rolling纵向冲击 longitudinal impact横向冲击 lateral impact垂向冲击 vertical impact货运站综合作业自动化automation of synthetic operations at freight station行车指挥自动化 automation of traffic control 编组场综合作业自动化automation of synthetic operations in marshalling yard铁路运营信息系统railway operation information system铁路数据交换系统railway data exchange system运营系统模拟 simulation of operation system 铁路法 railway law铁道法规 railway act铁路条例 railway code铁路技术管理规程regulations of railway technical operation综合运输comprehensive transport;multi-mode transport; intermode transport 国际铁路联运 international railway through traffic大陆桥;洲际铁路 transcontinental railway;intercontinental railway; land-railway国际联运协定agreement of international through traffic国际联运议定书protocol of international through traffic国际铁路联运公约convention of international railway through traffic二、铁路新线建设newly-built railway construction铁路技术改造 technical reform of railway;technical renovation of railway; betterment and improvement of railway铁路主要技术条件 main technical standard of railway;main techincal requirement of railway 单位工程 unit project分部工程 part project分项工程 item project预可行性研究 pre-feasibility study项目建议书 proposed task of project可行性研究 feasibility study设计阶段 design phase; design stage三阶段设计 three-step design; three-phase design两阶段设计two-step design;two-phase design一阶段设计one-step design;one-phase design初步设计 preliminary design技术设计 technical design扩大初步设计 enlarged preliminary design;expanded preliminary design施工图设计construction detail design;working-drawing design变更设计 altered design设计概算 apporximate estimate of design;budgetary estimate of design个别概算 individual approximate estimate综合概算 comprehensive approximate estimate 总概算 sum of approximate estimate; total estimate; summary estimate修正总概算amended sum of approximate estimate; revised general estimate调整总概算adjusted sum of approximate estimate投资检算 checking of investment预算定额 rating of budget; rating form for budget概算定额 rating of approximate estimate;rating form for estimate投资估算 investment estimate估算指标 index of estimate机械台班定额 rating per machine per team;rating per machine-team工程直接费 direct expense of project; direct cost of project工程间接费indirect expense of project;indirect cost of project工程预备费 reserve fund of project设计鉴定 certification of design; appraisal of design竣工决算 final accounts of completed project 铁路用地 right-of-way铁路勘测 railway reconnaissance调查测绘survey and drawing of investigation;investigation survey;investigation surveying and sketching地形调查 topographic survey地貌调查topographic feature survey;geomorphologic survey地质调查 geologic survey经济调查 economic investigation; economic survey水文地质调查 hydrogeologic survey土石成分调查survey of soil and rock composition土石物理力学性质physical and mechanical properties of soil and rock土石分类 classification of soil and rock地基承载力 bearing capacity of foundation;bearing capacity of ground;bearing of subgrade隧道围岩分级classification of tunnel surrounding rock地质图测绘 survey and drawing of geological map; surveying and sketching of geological map勘探 exploration; prospecting挖探 excavation prospecting钻探 boring; exploration drilling物探 geophysical prospecting室内测试 indoor test; laboratory test原位测试 in situ test静力触探 static sounding; static probing;cone penetration test动力触探试验 dynamic penetration test标准贯入试验 standard penetration test区域地质 regional geology工程地质 engineering geology不良地质 unfavorable geology特殊地质 special geology工程地质条件engineering geologic;requirement; engineering geologic condition 气象资料 meteorological data冻结深度 freezing depth地震基本烈度 basic intensity of earthquake;seismic basic intensity工程地质图 engineering geological map地层柱状图column diagram of stratum;graphic logs of strata; drill log of stratum 洪水调查 flood survey河道调查 river course survey冰凌调查 ice floe survey; frazil ice survey 汇水区流域特征调查 survey of catchment basin characteristics水文断面hydrologic sectional drawing;dydrologic section;hydrologic cross-section主河槽 main river channel设计流速 design current velocity设计高程;设计标高 design elevation河流比降 slope of river; comparable horizon of river历史洪水位 historic flood level最高水位 highest water level; HWL通航水位 navigation water level; NWL桥涵水文 hydrology of bridge and culvert水利半径 hydraulic radius桥前壅水高度 backwater height in front of bridge; top water level in front of bridge 桥渡勘测设计survey and design of bridge crossing水面坡度 slope of water surface水文测量 hydrological survey泥石流流域 catchment basin of debris flow 分水岭 watershed; dividing ridge汇水面积 catchment area; water collecting area; drainage area洪水频率 flood frequency设计流量 design discharge设计水位 design water level施工水位 construction level; construction water level; working water level设计洪水过程线 designed flood hydrograph容许冲刷 allowable scour一般冲刷 general scour局部冲刷 local scour; partial scour三、铁路测量 railway survey线路踏勘;草测 route reconnaissance初测 preliminary survey定测location survey;alignment;final location survey导线测量 traversing; traverse survey光电导线 photoelectric traverse地形测量 topographical survey 横断面测量 cross leveling; cross-section survey; cross-section leveling线路测量route survey;profile survey;longitudinal survey既有线测量;旧线测量survey of existing railway线路复测repetition survey of existing railway; resurvey of existing railway测量精度survey precision;precision of survey均方差;中误差 mean square error最大误差;极限误差 maximum error; limiting error中线测量 center line survey中线桩 center line stake加桩additional stake; plus stake外移桩shift out stake;stake outward;offset stake水准点高程测量 bench mark leveling中桩高程测量;中平 center stake leveling曲线控制点 curve control point放线 setting-out of route; lay out of route 交点 intersection point副交点 auxiliary intersection point转向角 deflection angle分转向角 auxiliary deflection angle坐标方位角 plane-coordinate azimuth象限角 quadrantal angle经纬距 plane rectangular coordinate断链 broken chain投影断链 projection of broken chain断高 broken height铁路航空摄影测量;铁路航测 railway aerial photogrammetry铁路航空勘测 railway aerial surveying航带设计flight strip design;design of flight strip铁路工程地质遥感 remote sensing of railway engineering geology测段 segment of survey航测选线 aerial surveying alignment航测外控点field control point of aerophotogrammetry全球定位系统 global positioning system; GPS 像片索引图 index of photography三角测量trigonometric survey;triangulation精密导线测量precise traverse survey;accurate traverse survey三角高程测量 trigonometric leveling隧道洞外控制测量outside tunnel control survey隧道洞内控制测量 in tunnel control survey;through survey隧道洞口投点horizontal point of tunnel portal;geodetic control point of portal location of adit桥轴线测量 survey of bridge axis铁路选线railway location;approximate railway location; location of railway route selection平原地区选线 location in plain region; plain location越岭选线 location of mountain line; location of line in mountain region; location over mountain山区河谷选线mountain and valley region location; location of line of in mountain and valley region丘陵地段选线 hilly land location; location of line on hilly land工程地质选线 engineering geoligic location of line线间距 distance between centers of tracks;midway between tracks车站分布 distribution of stations方案比选scheme comparison;route alternative投资回收期 repayment period of capital cost 纸上定线 paper location of line缓坡地段 section of easy grade; section of gentle slope紧坡地段 section of sufficient grade非紧坡地段 section of unsufficient grade;section fo insufficient grade导向线 leading line; alignment guiding line 拔起高度;克服高度height of lifting;lifting height; ascent of elevation横断面选线 cross-section method of railway location;location with cross-section method; cross-section method for location of line展线 extension of line; development of line;line development展线系数coefficient of extension line;coefficient of development line套线 overlapping line线路平面图 track plan; line plan线路纵断面图 track profile; line profile 站坪长度 length of station site站坪坡度 grade of station site控制区间control section;controlling section最小曲线半径 minimum radius of curve圆曲线 circular curve单曲线 simple curve缓和曲线 transition curve; easement curve;spiral transition curve缓和曲线半截变更率rate of easement curvature; rate of transition curve复曲线 compound curve同向曲线curves of same sense;adjacent curves in one direction反向曲线 reverse curve; curve of opposite sense夹直线 intermediate straight line; tangent between curves坡度 grade; gradient; slope人字坡 double spur grade限制坡度 ruling grade; limiting grade加力牵引坡度 pusher grade; assisting grade 最大坡度 maximum grade临界坡度 critical grade长大坡度 long steep grade; long heavy grade 动力坡度 momentum grade均衡坡度 balanced grade有害地段 harmful district无害地段 harmless district变坡点 point of gradient change; breake in grade坡段 grade section坡段长度 length of grade section坡度差 algebraic difference between adjacent gradients竖曲线 vertical curve分坡平段 level stretch between opposite sign gradient缓和坡度 slight grade; flat grade; easy grade起动缓坡 flat gradient for starting 加速缓坡 easy gradient for acceleration;accelerating grade坡度折减 compensation of gradient; gradient compensation; grade compensation曲线折减compensation of curve;curve compesation隧道坡度折减compensation of gradient in tunnel; compensation grade in tunnel绕行地段 detouring section; round section 换侧;换边 change side of double line容许应力设计法allowable stress design method破损阶段设计法 plastic stage design method 极限状态设计法 limit state design method 概率极限状态设计法;可靠度设计法probabilisatic limit state design method 地震系数法 seismic coefficient method四、路基subgrade;road bed;formation subgrade岩石路基 rock subgrade渗水土路基permeable soil subgrade;pervious embankment非渗水土路基 non-permeable soil subgrade;impervious embankment特殊土路基 subgrade of special soil软土地区路基 subgrade in soft soil zone;subgrade in soft; clay region泥沼地区路基 subgrade in bog zone; subgrade in morass region; subgrade in swampland 膨胀土地区路基;裂土地区路基 subgrade in swelling soil zone; subgrade in expansive soil region盐渍土地区路基 subgrade in salty soil zone;subgrade in saline soil region多年冻土路基subgrade in permafrost soilzone特殊条件下的路基subgrade under special condition河滩路堤 embankment on plain river beach滨河路堤 embankment on river bank水库路基 subgrade in reservoir; embankment crossing reservoir崩塌地段路基 subgrade in rock fall district;subgrade in collapse zone岩堆地段路基 subgrade in rock deposit zone;subgrade in talus zone; subgrade in scree zone滑坡地段路基 subgrade in slide岩溶地段路基;喀斯特地段路基 subgrade in karst zone洞穴地段路基subgrade in cavity zone;subgrade in cavern zone风沙地段路基subgrade in windy and sandy zone; subgrade in desert雪害地段路基 subgrade in snow damage zone;subgrade in snow disaster zone泥石流地段路基 subgrade in debris flow zone 路基横断面 subgrade cross-section路基面 subgrade surface; formation路基面宽度 width of the subgrade surface;formation width路拱 road crown; subgrade crown路肩 Road shoulder; subgrade shoulder路肩高程 formation level; shoulder level 路堤 embankment; fill路堑 cut; road; cutting半堤半堑 part-cut and part-fill section; cut and fill section基床 subgrade bed; formation基床表层surface layer of subgrade bed;formation top layer;surface layer of subgrade基床表层 bottom layer of subgrade; formation base layer; bottom layer of subgrade bed一般路基general subgrade;ordinary subgrade最小填筑高度minimum fill height of subgrade; minimum height of fill临界高度 critical height基底 foundation base; base路堤边坡side slope of embankment;fill slope talus坡脚 toe of side slope护道 berm取土坑 borrow pit路堤填料embankment fill material;embankment filler;filling material of embankment填料分类 classification of filling material 岩块填料 rock block filler; rock filler;rock fill粗粒土填料coarse-grained soil filler;coarse-grained soil fill细粒土填料fine-grained soil filler;fine-grained soil fill压实标准 compacting criteria相对密度 relative density压实系数compacting factor;compacting coefficient最佳含水量 optimum moisture content; best moisture content最佳密度 optimum density; best density核子密度湿度测定 determination of nuclear density-moisture路基承载板测定 determination of bearing slabof subgrade预留沉落量 reserve settlement; settlement allowance反压护道 berm with superloading; berm for back pressure; counter swelling berm石灰砂桩 lime sand pile换土 change soil; soil replacement爆破排淤blasting discharging sedimentation; silt arresting by explosion;discharge of sedimentation by blasting抛石挤淤throwing stones to packing sedimentation;packing sedimentation by throwing stones; packing up sedimentation by dumping stones路堑石方爆破 rock cutting blasting; rock blasting in cut定向爆破 directional blasting浅孔爆破 shallow hole blasting深孔爆破 deep hole blasting洞室药包爆破chamber explosive package blasting; chamher blasting扬弃爆破 abandoned blasting; abandonment blasting抛掷爆破 pin-point blasting松动爆破 blasting for loosening rock药壶爆破 pot hole blasting裸露腰包爆破adobe blasting;contact blasting路堑边坡 cutting slope; side slope of cut 堑顶 top of cutting slope; top of cutting 路堑平台platform of cutting;berm in cutting弃土堆 waste bank; bankette; spoil bank 五、防护工程Protection works挡土墙 retaining wall 重力式挡土墙 gravity retaining wall衡重式挡土墙 balance weight retaining wall;gravity retaining wall with relieving platform; balanced type retaining wall锚定板挡土墙 anchored retaining wall by tie rods;anchored bulkhead retaining wall;anchored plate retaining wall加筋土挡土墙reinforced earth retaining wall; reinforced soil retaining wall锚杆挡墙anchored bolt retaining wall;anchoraged retaining wall by tie rods管柱挡墙 cylindrical shaft retaining wall 沉井挡墙 caisson retaining wall抗滑桩anti-slide pile;counter-sliding pile护墙 guard wall护坡 slope protection; revetment; pitching 排水沟 weep drain; drainage ditch; drain ditch边沟;侧沟 side ditch天沟 gutter; overhead ditch; intercepting ditch吊沟 suspended ditch跌水 hydraulic drop截水沟 intercepting ditch; catch-drain急流槽 chute排水槽 drainage channel渗水暗沟 blind drain渗水隧洞 leak tunnel; permeable tunnel;drainage tunnel渗井 leaching well; seepage well渗管 leaky pipe平孔排水 horizontal hole drainage反滤层 reverse filtration layer; inverted filter; protective filter检查井 inspection well; manhole砂井;排水砂井 sand drain隔断层 insulating course; insulating layer 透水路堤pervious embankment;permeable embankment渗水路堤 immerseable embankment排水砂垫层sand filled drainage layer;drainage sand blanker坡面防护 slope protection护岸 revetment; shore protection导流堤 diversion dike拦石墙 stone cut off wall; stone falling wall; buttree落石槽 stone falling channel; trough for catching falling rocks柴排firewood raft;mattress;willow fascine固沙造林stabilization for sands by afforestation挡风墙 wind-break wall防风栅栏 wind break fence砂土液化 sand liquefaction六、桥梁 bridge中-活载CR-live loading;China railway standard loading桥梁标准活载 standard live load for bridge 桥梁荷载谱 bridge load spectrum换算均布活载 equivalent uniform live load 设计荷载 design load主力 principal load恒载 dead load土压力 earth load静水压力 hydrostatic pressure浮力 buoyancy列车活载 live load of train 列车离心力 centrifugal force of train列车冲击力;冲击荷载 impact force of train 冲击系数 ceofficient of impact人行道荷载 sidewalk loading附加力 subsidiary load; secondary load列车制动力 braking force of train列车牵引力 tractive force of train风荷载 wind load列车横向摇摆力lateral swaying force of train流水压力 pressure of water flow冰压力 ice pressure冻胀力 frost heaving force特殊荷载 particular load船只或排筏的撞击力 collision force of ship or raft地震力 seismic force地震烈度 earthquake intensity地震震级 earthquake magnitude施工荷载 constructional loading荷载组合 loading conbination铁路桥 railway bridge公铁两用桥combined bridge;combined highway and railway bridge;combined rail-cum-road bridge跨线桥;立交桥overpass bridge;grade separation bridge; flyover高架桥 viaduct旱桥 dry bridge人行桥 foot bridge; pedestrian bridge圬工桥 masonry bridge钢桥 steel bridge铆接钢桥 riveted steel bridge栓焊钢桥 bolted and welded steel bridge全焊钢桥 all welded steel bridge摩擦结合式高强度螺栓 high strength friction grip bolt扭剪式高强度螺栓 torshear type high strength blot螺栓示功扳手 bolt wrench with indicator混凝土桥 concrete bridge钢筋混凝土桥 reinforced concrete bridge预应力混凝土桥 prestressed concrete bridge 先张法预应力梁pretensioned prestressed concrete girder后张法预应力梁 post-tensioned prestressed concrete girder部分预应力混凝土桥partially prestressed concrete bridge结合梁桥 composite beam bridge低高度梁 shallow girder无碴无枕梁girder without ballast and sleeper型钢混凝土梁;劲性骨架混凝土梁 girder with rolled steel section encased in concrete;skeleton reinforced concrete girder简支梁桥 simply supported beam bridge连续梁桥 continuous beam bridge悬臂梁桥 cantilever beam bridge板桥 slab bridge空心板桥 hollow slab bridge板梁 plate girder工形梁 I-beam箱形梁 box girder槽形梁 trough girder桁架 truss拆装式桁架 demountable truss刚架桥;刚构桥 rigid frame bridge斜腿刚架桥;斜腿刚构桥 strutted beam bridge;slant-legged rigid frame bridge 悬板桥;悬带桥 stressed ribbon bridge悬索桥;吊桥 suspension bridge斜拉桥 cable-stayed bridge浮桥pontoon bridge;floating bridge;bateau bridge拱桥 arch bridge固端拱;无铰拱 fixed-end arch双铰拱 two-hinged arch三铰拱 three-hinged arch实腹拱 spandrel-filled arch; solid-spandrel arch空腹拱 open-spandrel arch双曲拱 two-way curved arch; cross-curved arch系杆拱;柔性系杆刚性拱 tied arch榔格尔式桥;刚性系杆柔性拱桥 Langer bridge;flexible arch bridge with rigid tie洛泽式桥;直悬杆式刚性拱刚性梁桥Lohse bridge; rigid arch bridge with rigid tie and vertical sespenders尼尔森桥 Nielsen systen bridge尼尔森式骆泽梁桥;斜悬杆式刚性拱梁桥Nielsen type Lhse bridge; rigid arch bridge with fighd tie and inclined suspenders活动桥 movable bridge竖旋桥 bascule bridge平旋桥 swing bridge升降桥 lift bridge正交桥 right bridge斜交桥 skew bridge曲线桥 curved bridge曲梁 curved beam特大桥 super maior bridge大桥 major bridge中桥 medium bridge小桥 minor bridge单线桥 single track bridge双线桥 double track bridge多线桥 multi-track bridge正桥;主桥 main bridge引桥 approach spans上承式桥 deck bridge半穿式桥;中承式half through bridge;midheight deck bridge下承式桥 through bridge双层桥 double-deck bridge永久性桥 permanent bridge临时性桥;便桥 temporary bridge跨径;跨度 span净跨 clear span桥梁全长 overall length of bridge桥下净空 underneath clearance主梁中心距 center to center distance between main girder节间长度 panel length梁高 depth of girder拱度 camber挠度 deflection节间 panel锚跨;锚孔 anchor span悬跨;吊孔 suspended span桥梁上部结构 superstructure腹板 web plate翼缘 flange翼缘板 flange plate弦杆 chord member腹杆 web member斜杆 diagonal member竖杆 vertical member吊杆 suspender hanger 加劲杆 stiffener节点 panel point节点板 gusset plate拼接板 splice plate缀条 lacing bar缀板 stay plate; tie plate侧向水平联结系 lateral bracing横联 sway bracing制动撑架 braking bracing桥门架 portal frame纵梁 stringer横梁 floor beam; transverse beam桥面系 floor system端横梁 end floor beam起重横梁 jacking floor beam梁端缓冲梁 auxiliary girder for controlling angle change应变时效 strain ageing碳当量 carbon equivalent钢丝 steel wire钢丝束 bundled steel wires钢绞线 steel strand钢筋 reinforcement; steel bar箍筋 stirrup纵向钢筋 longitudinal reinforcement弯起钢筋 bent-up bar架立钢筋 erection bar构造钢筋 constructional reinforcement预应力筋 tendon套管 sheath梁腋 haunch拱圈 arch ring拱肋 arch rib拱顶 rach crown拱矢 rise of arch起拱点 springing拱腹 soffit拱腹线 intrados拱背钱 extrados桥塔 bridge tower; pylon索平面 cable plane缆索 cable斜缆 stay cable; inclined cable吊缆 suspension cable索鞍 cable saddle索夹 cable band; cable clamp锚座 socket锚碇 anchorage明桥面 open deck; ballastless deck; open floor桥梁道碴槽 ballast trough道碴桥面 ballasted deck; ballasted floor 桥梁护轨 guard rail of bridge桥梁护木 guard timber of bridge桥枕 bridge tie; bridge sleeper桥上人行道 sidewalk on bridge步行板 foot plank避车台 refuge platform伸缩缝 expansion joint正交异性板 orthotropic plate栏杆 railing; handrail; handrailing泻水孔 drainage opening直结轨道 track fastened directly to steel girders抗剪连接件;抗剪结合件 shear connector支座 bearing固定支座 fixed bearing活动支座 expension bearing; movable bearing 平板支座 plate bearing摇轴芝座 rocker bearing 滚轴支座 roller bearing球面支座 spherical bearing板式橡胶支座 laminated rubber bearing盆式橡胶支座 pot rubber bearing聚四氯乙烯支座poly-tetrafluoroedthylene bearing; PTFE bearing涡流激振 wortex-excited oscillation弛振 galloping颤振 flutter扰流板 spoiler风嘴 wind fairing桥梁自振周期natural vibration period of bridge浮运架桥法 bridge erection by floating架桥机架设法erection by bridge girder erecting equipment顶推式架设法erection by incremental launching拖拉架设法 launching method赝架式架设法 erection with scaffolding悬臂架设法 catilever erection; erection by protrusion悬臂灌注法cast-in-place cantilever construction;free cantilever segmental concreting with suspended formwork悬臂拼装法cantilevered assembling constrution; free cantilever erection with segments of precast concrete预制混凝土构件precast concrete units;precast concrete members活动模架逐跨施工法 segmental span-by-span construction using form traveller桥梁合龙 closure就地贯注法cast-in-place method;cast-in-situ method活动吊篮 travelling cradle顶进法 jack-in method旋转法施工;转体施工 erection by swing method 液压式张拉千斤顶 hydraulic tensioning jack 桥梁下部结构 substructure桥台 abutment重力式桥台 gravity abutment埋置式桥台 buried abutment锚定板式桥台 anchor slab abutmentU形桥台 U-shaped abutment耳墙式桥台abutment with cantilevered retaining wall台身 abutment body前墙 front wall台帽 abutment coping翼墙 wing wall锥体护坡 quadrant revetment; truncated cone banking台后填方 filling behind abutment桥墩 pier空心桥墩 hollow pier实体桥墩 solid pier重力式桥墩 gravity pier柔性桥墩 flexible pier拼装式桥墩 assembly pier; pier constructed with precast units制动墩 braking pier柱式桥墩 column pierV形桥墩 V-shaped pier圆端形桥墩 round-ended pier圆形桥墩 circular pier矩形桥墩 rectangular pier排架式桥墩 pile bent pier墩身 pier body; pier shaft墩帽 pier coping 围栏railing around coping of pier or abutment承台 bearing platform破冰体 ice apron; ice-breaking cutwater;ice guard地基 foundation; foundation soil; subgrade 加固地基improved foundation;improved ground天然地基 natural foundation; natural ground 桥梁基础 bridge foundation扩大基础 spread foundation明挖基础open-cut foundation;open excavation foundation沉井基础 open caisson foundation浮式沉井基础 floating caisson foundation沉井刃脚 cutting edge of open caisson围堰 cofferdam双壁钢围堰钻孔基础double wall steel cofferdam bored foundation预制钢壳钻孔基础 prefabricated steel shell bored foundation泥浆套沉井法slurry jacket method for sinking caisson空气幕沉井法 air curtain method for sinking caisson沉箱基础 pneumatic caisson foundation管柱基础 tubular column foundation桩基础 pile foundation预制桩 precast pile就地灌注桩cast-in-place concrete pile;cast-in-situ concrete pile螺旋喷射桩 auger injected pile摩擦桩 friction pile支承桩 bearing pile钻孔桩 bored pile挖孔桩 dug pile钢桩 steel pile钢管桩 steel pipe pile钢板桩 steel sheet pile板桩 sheet pile木桩 timber pile钢筋混凝土桩 reinforced concrete pile砂桩 sand pile挤密砂桩 sand conpaction pile流砂 quick sand; drift sand送桩 pile follower试桩 test pile斜桩 batter pile; raking pile; spur pile 护筒 pile casting重锤夯实法 heavy tamping method灰土换填夯实法mothod of lime-soil replacement and tamping灌注水下混凝土underwater concreting;concreting with tremie method导流建筑物 regulating structure丁坝;挑水坝 spur dike顺坝 longitudinal dam河床铺砌 river bed paving码头 wharf排架 bent脚手架 scaffold悬空脚手架 hanging stage; hanging scaffold 七、铁路涵洞 railway culvert涵洞孔径 aperture of culvert管涵 pipe culvert箱涵 box culvert拱涵 arch culvert盖板涵 slab culvert无压力涵洞 inlet unsubmerged culvert压力式涵洞 outlet submerged culvert 半压力式涵洞 inlet submerged culvert明渠 open channel; open ditch; open drain 倒虹吸管 inverted siphon潮汐河流 tidal river淤积 silting; siltation流冰 ice drift铁路轮渡 railway car ferries轮渡站 ferry station轮渡栈桥 ferry trestle bridge渡轮 ferry boat轮渡引线;轮渡斜引道 ferry slip八、铁路隧道 railway tunnel山岭隧道 mountain tunnel越岭隧道 over mountain line tunnel水下隧道;水地隧道subaqueous tunnel;underwater tunnel地铁隧道 subway tunne; underground railway tunnel浅埋隧道shallow tunnel;shallow-depth tunnel; shallow burying tunnel深埋隧道 deep tunnel; deep-depth tunnel;deep burying tunnel单线隧道 single track tunnel双线隧道 double track tunnel多线隧道 multiple track tunnel车站隧道 station tunnel地铁车站 subway station; metro station特长隧道 super long tunnel长隧道 long tunnel中长隧道 medium tunnel短隧道 short tunnel隧道群 tunnel group地铁工程subway engineering;metro engineering洞口 tunne ladit; tunnel opening。
50种交通工具的英语

以下是50种交通工具的英文名称:1.Airplane - 飞机2.Helicopter - 直升机3.Jet - 喷气式飞机4.Spaceship - 宇宙飞船5.Train - 火车6.Subway - 地铁7.Light rail - 轻轨8.Tram - 有轨电车9.Trolleybus - 无轨电车10.Bus - 公共汽车11.Double-decker bus - 双层公共汽车12.School bus - 校车13.Taxi - 出租车14.Limousine - 豪华轿车15.Car - 汽车16.Sports car - 跑车17.SUV - 运动型多用途车18.Sedan - 轿车19.Hatchback - 掀背车20.Station wagon - 旅行车21.Pickup truck - 皮卡车22.Van - 厢式货车23.Dump truck - 自卸车24.Tanker - 油罐车25.Motorcycle - 摩托车26.Scooter - 踏板车27.Bicycle - 自行车28.Tricycle - 三轮车29.Unicycle - 独轮车30.Skateboard - 滑板31.Hoverboard - 悬浮滑板32.Segway - 平衡车33.Boat - 船34.Yacht - 游艇35.Sailboat - 帆船36.Rowboat - 划船37.Kayak - 皮划艇38.Canoe - 独木舟39.Ship - 轮船40.Cruise ship - 游轮41.Ferry - 轮渡42.Cargo ship - 货船43.Battleship - 战舰44.Submarine - 潜水艇45.Hovercraft - 气垫船46.Hot air balloon - 热气球47.Zeppelin - 齐柏林飞艇48.Horse-drawn carriage - 马车49.Camel - 骆驼50.Sled - 雪橇。
交通车辆安排方案英文翻译

交通车辆安排方案英文翻译介绍交通车辆安排方案是指针对特定场合、特定时段及特定人员的交通出行需求,综合考虑交通成本、出行安全、人员数量及出行时间等因素,制定出符合实际情况和需求的交通出行方案。
本文旨在介绍交通车辆安排方案英文翻译,方便英语专业人员和学生在学习和工作中使用交通车辆安排方案相关的英文词汇及表达方式,以提高英语水平和工作效率。
交通车辆安排方案英文翻译•交通车辆安排方案: Traffic Vehicle Arrangement Plan•车辆类型: Vehicle Type•商务轿车: Business Sedan•豪华轿车: Luxury Sedan•SUV越野车: SUV•小型客车: Mini Bus•中型客车: Mid-Size Bus•大型客车: Large Bus•游览车: Sightseeing Bus•交通工具数量: Number of Vehicles•出发时间: Departure Time•到达时间: Arrival Time•车辆调度: Vehicle Dispatching•车载GPS定位系统: Vehicle GPS Positioning System交通车辆安排方案编制程序1.初步确定机构/团队的交通需求:包括人数、出行时间、地点、车辆类型等。
2.根据需求预估交通成本,比较不同车辆配置对成本的影响。
3.参考历史数据、交通事故率、路况及天气等因素进行风险评估,制定监管措施。
4.拟定车辆安排方案,确定具体车辆类型及数量、出发时间和车载GPS定位系统。
5.安排车辆调度,指定负责人和联系方式,并留有一定的备用车辆。
6.评估方案合理性,进行调整完善,制定管理细则。
总结交通车辆安排方案是现代化社会出行不可或缺的一环,合理的交通车辆安排方案可以降低事故率、提高出行效率、节约资源。
在实际工作中,英文表达能力是重要的实用技能,本文提供了交通车辆安排方案英文翻译,希望能对个人和团队的出国交流、学习以及工作提供帮助。
路虎英文翻译表

路虎英文翻译表ACC SENSOR BLOCKED 自适应巡航系统扫描区域受阻挡检查自适应巡航传感器是否被杂物覆盖AIRBAG FAULT 辅助安全系统故障立即寻求授权维修援助AUTO DOOR LOCK(speed related locking) 自动上锁(速度相关锁定 ON/OFFA VERAGE CONS .RESET MPGL/100KM 旅行电脑中提示信息不要作任何处理A VERAGE SPEED RESET MILES KM 旅行电脑中提示信息不要作任何处理AIR SUSPENSION FAULTA 空气悬挂故障APPLY FOOT AIVD PARKBRAKE 应用脚制动器和驻车制动器BBONNET OPEN 发动机盖开启BRAKE FLUID LOW 制动液面低BATTERY NOT CHARGING 蓄电池未充电BSM SENSOR BLOCKED BSM传感器受阻BSM NOT A V AILABLE BSM不可用BRAKEASSIST FAULT 制动辅助装置故障BOOT OPEN 行李箱开启CCANNOT EDIT ON THE MOVE 车辆行驶时驾驶员尝试进(CUSTOMER SETTINGS)菜单停下车辆,再进入该菜单进行操作CANNOT APPLY PARK BRAKE 无法应用驻车制动器CAUTION PARKBRAKE APPLIED 车辆行驶时没有松开手刹车只有在紧急情况下才可以使用此功能CAUTION RISK OF GROUNDING WITH SUSPENSION AT NORMAL HEIGHT 当全地形反馈系统需要将车辆提升到”OFF ROAD “高度时被手动的降低车辆(或系统不能够提升车辆) 如果可能的话采用手动方式升降底盘,将其升到OFF ROAD 高度.CHECK ALL TYRE PRESSURES 提示信息,在行驶中的轮胎胎压下降至初级警告状态检查轮胎胎压CHECK BRAKE FLUID 刹车油壶中的油位降到最低刻度立即寻求授权维修援助CHECK BRAKE PADS 刹车片磨损到最小维修位置立即寻求授权援助CHECK SPARE TYRE PRESSURE 备胎胎压降到警告状态检查备胎胎压CHECK PEDESTRIAN SYSTEM 检查行人保护系统CHECK ALL TYPE PREESSURES 检查全部轮胎压力CHECK TYPE PRESSURE 检查轮胎压力CHECK SMART KEY 检查智能钥匙CHARGING FAULT 充电故障COOLING SYSTEM FAULT MONITOR GAUGE 防冻液液位低停车检查防冻液液位,并加满,如果问题依然存在,请联系授权维修经销商CRUISE CANCELLED 驾驶员关闭巡航定速功能不需要CRUISE NOT A V AILABLE 系统故障,巡航功能不可用请联系授权维修经销商CRUISE CONTROL NOT PERMITTED 系统故障或车辆操作的参数超出正常巡航操作值查看定速巡航功能选择的说明部分CRUISE GAP 自适应巡航系统距离设定(时间间隔) 调速需要的距离(四种设定)。
汽车常见英语缩写解释(精心整理)

1.CVVT是英文Continue Variable Valve Timing的缩写,翻译成中文就是连续可变气门正时机构,它是近些年来被逐渐应用于现代轿车上的众多可变气门正时技术中的一种。
例如:宝马公司叫做 Venus,丰田叫做VVTI,本田叫做VTEC,但不管叫做什么,他们的目的都是给不同的发动机工作状况下匹配最佳的气门重叠角(气门正时),只不过所实现的方法是不同的。
本田的VTEV-I理论上比其他的要先进.兼顾了高低转速的需要,由于他是纯机械式的,没有象宝马和其他车厂是使用电子控制所以在世界上还是比较先进的了,现在目前最好的可变气门正时系统是宝马760的是无段式的.被公认为全球最先进的发动机。
2.TSI是 Turbo-charging,涡轮增压;Super-charging,机械增压和Injection,燃油直喷,三个关键特色的首字母缩写。
在涡轮增压(大家听很多了比较熟悉吧)基础上,机械增压填补了涡轮增压产生迟滞时的动力输出,燃油直喷技术令发动机对燃料的使用效率提高到新的高度。
在欧洲,搭载双增压发动机的高尔夫GTI1.4TSI在获得远超2.0L 自然吸气时发动机功率的同时获得了更低的燃油消耗,这真是一台有劲儿的机器,还很环保。
国内引进国产的TSI发动机确切说是FSI发动机和涡轮增压器的结合。
即涡轮增压(Turbocharger)+FSI.省略了机械增压和分层燃烧部分。
省略的部分也不是完全没有道理,除了高成本的价格门槛外,双增压会大副提高发动机的压缩比,相对应的使用的燃油的标准也大大提高,相对于燃油质量普遍一般的国内市场,有时候高科技的减配也是无奈而必须的。
3.DSG(Direct Shift Gearbox)中文表面意思为“直接换挡变速器”,DSG 有别于一般的半自动变速箱系统,它是基于手动变速箱而不是自动变速箱,因此,它也是AMT(机械式自动变速器)的一员。
配备了DSG的发动机由于快速的齿轮转换能够马上产生牵引力和更大的灵活性,加速时间比手动变速器更加迅捷。
汽车常见英语缩写解释(精心整理)

1.CVVT是英文Continue Variable Valve Timing的缩写,翻译成中文就是连续可变气门正时机构,它是近些年来被逐渐应用于现代轿车上的众多可变气门正时技术中的一种。
例如:宝马公司叫做 Venus,丰田叫做VVTI,本田叫做VTEC,但不管叫做什么,他们的目的都是给不同的发动机工作状况下匹配最佳的气门重叠角(气门正时),只不过所实现的方法是不同的。
本田的VTEV-I理论上比其他的要先进.兼顾了高低转速的需要,由于他是纯机械式的,没有象宝马和其他车厂是使用电子控制所以在世界上还是比较先进的了,现在目前最好的可变气门正时系统是宝马760的是无段式的.被公认为全球最先进的发动机。
2.TSI是 Turbo-charging,涡轮增压;Super-charging,机械增压和Injection,燃油直喷,三个关键特色的首字母缩写。
在涡轮增压(大家听很多了比较熟悉吧)基础上,机械增压填补了涡轮增压产生迟滞时的动力输出,燃油直喷技术令发动机对燃料的使用效率提高到新的高度。
在欧洲,搭载双增压发动机的高尔夫GTI1.4TSI在获得远超2.0L 自然吸气时发动机功率的同时获得了更低的燃油消耗,这真是一台有劲儿的机器,还很环保。
国内引进国产的TSI发动机确切说是FSI发动机和涡轮增压器的结合。
即涡轮增压(Turbocharger)+FSI.省略了机械增压和分层燃烧部分。
省略的部分也不是完全没有道理,除了高成本的价格门槛外,双增压会大副提高发动机的压缩比,相对应的使用的燃油的标准也大大提高,相对于燃油质量普遍一般的国内市场,有时候高科技的减配也是无奈而必须的。
3.DSG(Direct Shift Gearbox)中文表面意思为“直接换挡变速器”,DSG 有别于一般的半自动变速箱系统,它是基于手动变速箱而不是自动变速箱,因此,它也是AMT(机械式自动变速器)的一员。
配备了DSG的发动机由于快速的齿轮转换能够马上产生牵引力和更大的灵活性,加速时间比手动变速器更加迅捷。
汽车英文翻译

汽车英文翻译1. 车辆类别:Vehicle Category2. 汽车维修:Car Maintenance3. 汽车保险:Car Insurance4. 汽车行业:Automotive Industry5. 车辆驾驶:Vehicle Driving6. 座位数:Number of Seats7. 保养周期:Maintenance Cycle8. 燃油供给系统:Fuel Supply System9. 离合器:Clutch10. 发动机冷却系统:Engine Cooling System11. 倒车雷达:Reversing Radar12. 单鼓制动系统:Single Drum Braking System13. 驾驶员行车记录仪:Driver Car Recorder14. 直列四缸发动机:Inline Four-Cylinder Engine15. 前轮独立悬挂:Independent Front Suspension16. 后轮双臂独立悬挂:Double Arm Independent Rear Suspension17. 差速器:Differential18. 变速箱:Transmission19. 前轮驱动:Front-Wheel Drive20. 后轮驱动:Rear-Wheel Drive21. 前置发动机后驱:Front Engine Rear Drive22. 变速器智能控制系统:Intelligent Transmission Control System23. 发动机启停系统:Engine Stop-Start System24. 空气滤清器:Air Filter25. 过滤器:Filter26. 轮胎轮辋:Tire Rim27. 电池:Battery28. 玻璃:Glass29. 后视镜:Rearview Mirror30. 加油口:Fuel Filler Cap31. 后备箱:Trunk32. 灯光系统:Lighting System33. 倒车摄像头:Reversing Camera34. 后雨刷:Rear Wiper35. 左右倾角机:Lateral Inclination Machine36. 发动机排量:Engine Displacement37. 刹车制动系统:Braking System38. 自动泊车辅助系统:Automatic Parking Assistance System39. 动力转向系统:Power Steering System40. 防抱死刹车系统:Anti-Lock Braking System41. 门窗系统:Door and Window System42. 安全气囊:Safety Airbag43. 导航系统:Navigation System44. 声音系统:Sound System45. 车辆管制系统:Vehicle Control System46. 车代表键:Car Delegate Key47. 車輪充气壓力指示器:Tire Pressure Indicator48. 卫星导航:Satellite Navigation49. 视野系统:Viewing System50. 舒适设施:Comfort Facilities51. 蓄电池:Storage Battery52. 后视摄像头:Rearview camera53. RPM-table:A tachometer54. 排量:Displacement55. 排气量:Displacement56. 发动机:Engine; Motor57. 发动机室:Engine Room58. 燃料泵:Fuel Pump59. 灯泡:Light Bulb60. 行车记录仪:Driving Recorder61. 路况:Road Conditions62. 防爆窗:Bulletproof Glass63. 拨号系统:Dialing System64. 前光驱:Front Wheel Drive65. 合成油:Synthetic Oil66. 后刹车阻力:Rear Braking Resistance67. 后桥承载力:Rear Axle Load Capacity68. 发动机输油管:Engine Fuel Pipe69. 杜邦漆面抛光净化剂:DuPont Paint Polishing Purifier70. 视线范围:Line of Sight Range71. 充电器:Charger72. 卡车内饰:Truck Interior73. 步行者防护装置:Pedestrian Protection Device74. 侧向碰撞保护装置:Lateral Impact Protection Device75. 行李箱开启方式:Trunk Opening Method76. ABSS、ABS、ABS系统:Anti-lock Braking System(防抱死制动系统)77. 自动气控制系统:Automatic Air Control System78. 感应臂:Induction Arm79. 机油泵:Oil Pump80. 车身吸音棉:Body Sound-Absorbing Cotton81. 车身轻量化:Body Lightweight82. 车身扭转角:Body Torsion Angle83. 变速箱换档动力提升器:Transmission Shift Power Booster84. 氘气大灯:Deuterium Headlights85. 地图更新:Map Update86. 后置门边防撞杆:Rear Door Side Bump Strip87. 居住车:Residential Vehicle88. 车辆道路噪声测试系统:Vehicle Road Noise Testing System89. 操作手册:Operation Manual90. 刹车鼓:Brake Drum91. 发动机机油泵:Engine Oil Pump92. 减震器:Shock Absorber93. 转速表:Tachometer94. 自然通风系统:Natural Ventilation System95. 吸管:Straw96. 烟灰缸:Ashtray97. 倒闭式方向盘:Folding Steering Wheel98. 节能标书:Energy Saving Proposal99. 车辆电子电工程:Vehicle Electronics and Electrical Engineering 100. 车辆能耗:Vehicle Energy Consumption。
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三面翻倾式自卸汽车threeway dump truck 重型自卸汽车heavy duty dump truck 矿用自卸汽车mining dump truck 专用自卸汽车special dump truck摆臂式自装卸汽车swept-body dump truck 车厢可卸式汽车roll-off skip loader 全挂车full trailer 半挂车semi-trailer 特种挂车special trailer 栏板货厢式挂车cargo trailer 平板式挂车flat platform trailer 低架式挂车low-loader trailer 厢式挂车trailer van 自卸式挂车dumper trailer 旅居挂车caravan。