八年级上册英语1-10单元短语语法句型及作文整理

Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 惯用法：1. buy sth for ab./ buy sb. sth 为某人买某物2. taste + adj. 尝起来……3. nothing ….but + V.(原形) 除了……之外什么都没有4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起来5. arrive in + 大地方/ arrive at + 小地方到达某地6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事/ try to do sth. 尽力做某事8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事9. want to do sth. 想去做某事10. start doing sth. 开始做某事11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事12. look + adj 看起来13. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事14. Why not do sth. 为什么不做…….呢？15. so + adj + that + 从句如此……以至于……16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事17. keep doing sth. 继续做某事The hat is much too big for me. You’re walking much too fast.分辨三者的口诀：too much, much too, 用法区别看后头：much 后接不可数，too 后修饰形或副。

too many 要记住，后面名词必复数。

7. because of 介词短语，因为，因为，后接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。

He can’t take a walk because of the rain.because 连词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。

I don’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.不定代词anyone ,something, anything, everything, nothing, everyone ,no oneComposionWhat a difference a day makes! My father and I decided to go to Penang Hill today. We wanted to walk up to the top, but then it stared raining a little so we decided to take the train. We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people. When we got to the top, it was raining really hard. We didn’t have an umbrella so we were wet and cold. It was terrible! And because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see anything. My father didn’t bring enough money, so we only had one bowl of rice and some fish. The food tasted great because I was so hungry!Unit 2 How often do you exercise?惯用法：1. help sb. with sth 协助某人做某事2. How ab out…?….怎么样？/ ….好不好？3. want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事4. How many + 可数名词复数+ 一般疑问句….有多少…..5. 主语+ find+ that 从句…发现…6. It’s + adj.+ to do sth. 做某事是….的7. spend time with sb. 和某人一起度过时光8. ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事9. by doing sth. 通过做某事10. What’s your favorite…..?你最喜欢的……是什么？11 start doing sth. 开始做某事What do you usually do on weekends? I always exercise.What do they do on weekends? They often help with housework.What does she do on weekends? She sometimes goes shopping.How often do you go to the movies? I go to the movies maybe once a month.How often does he watch TV? He hardly ever watches TV.Do you go shopping? No, I never go shopping.词语辨析：1. how often 多久一次，用来提问动作发生的频率。

回答用：once，twice, three times 等词语。

How often do you play sports? Three times a week.how long 多长，用来询问多长时间，也可询问某物有多长。

How long does it take to get to Shanghai from here? How long is the ruler?how for 多远，用来询问距离，指路程的远近。

How far is it from here to the park? It’s about 2kilometers.2.free 空闲的，有空的，反义词为busy. be free 有空，闲着，相当于have time.I’ll be free next week. = I’ll have time next week.还可作“免费的、自由的”解。

be free to do sth. 自由地做某事。

The tickets are free. You’re free to go or to stay.3.How come？怎么会？怎么回事？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可引导一个问句，相当于疑问句why, 但how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序。

How come Tom didn’t come to the party? = Why didn’t Tom come to the party?4.stay up late 指“熬夜到很晚，迟睡”。

Don’t stay up late next time.stay up 指“熬夜，不睡觉”。

He stayed up all night to write his story.5.go to bed 强调“上床睡觉”的动作及过程，但人不一定睡着。

I went to bed at eleven last night.go to sleep 强调“入睡，睡着，进入梦乡”。

She was so tired that she went to sleep soon.6.find + 宾语+名词, 发现：We have found him (to be) a good boy.find + 宾语+ 形容词，发现：He found the room dirty.find + 宾语+ 现在分词，发现：I found her standing at the door.7.percent 百分数，基数词+ percent：percent 没有复数形式，作主语时，根据所修饰的名词来判断谓语的单复数。

Forty percent of the students in our class are girls. Thirty percent of time passed.8.more than 超过，多于，不但仅，相当于over. 在句型转换中考查两者的同义替换。

反义词组为：lessthan. I lived in Shanghai for more than / over ten years.9.be afraid of sb / sth 害怕某人/ 某事；be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事。

Some children are afraid of the dark. Don’t be afraid of asking question.I’m afraid + 从句，恐怕，担心：I’m afraid I have to go now.10. sometimes , sometime, some times , some time 的区别：sometimes 频度副词，有时。

表示动作发生的不经常性，多与一般现在时连用，可位于句首、句中或句末。

Sometimes I get up very early. ------How often do you get up?sometime 副词，某个时候。

表示不确切或不具体的时间，常用于过去时或将来时，对它用疑问词when.I will go to Shanghai sometime next week. ------When will you go to Shanghai next week?some times 名词词组，几次，几倍。

其中time 是可数名词，对它提问用how many times.I have read the story some times. -------How many times have you read the story?some time 名词短语，一段时间. 表示“一段时间”时，句中谓语动词常为延续性动词，提问时how longWhat do No. 5 High School Students do in their free time?Last month we asked our students about their free time activities. Our questions were about exercise., use of the Internet and watching TV. Here are the results.We found that only fifteen percent of our students exercise every day. Forty-five percent exercise four to six times a week. Twenty percent exercise only one to three times a week. And twenty percent do not exercise at all!We all know that many students often go on-line, but we were surprised that ninety percent of them use the Internet every day. The other ten percent use it at lease three or four time a week. Most students use it for fun and not for homework.Unit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister句型：Both Sam and Tom can play the drums, but Sam plays them better than Tom.That’s Tara, isn’t it?Are you as friendly as your sister?I’m shy so it’s not easy for me to make friends.1. have fun doing sth. 享受做某事的乐趣2. want to do sth. 想要做某事3. as + 形容词或副词的原级+ as 与…一样…4. be good at doing sth 擅长做某事5. make sb. Do sth. 让某人做某事6. It’s+形容词+ for sb. To do sth.. 对某人来说，做某事是……的语法知识：Is Tom smarter than Sam? No,he isn’t. Sam is smarter than Tom.Is Tara more outgoing than Tina? No, she isn’t. Tina is more outgoing than Tara.Are you a friendly as your sister? No, I’m not. I’m friendlier.Does Tara work as hard as Tina? Yes, she does.Who’s more hardworking at school? Tina thinks she works harder than me.语法讲解：形容词与副词的比较级绝绝大部分形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。