06 知识运用类：完形填空之记叙文试题-2020年暑假新高三英语增分专项突破+题型特训

2020年暑假新高三英语增分专项突破+题型特训06知识运用类：完形填空之记叙文考试大纲要求考纲解读在一篇250词左右的短文中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题所给的4个选项中选出最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。

既考查考生的英语基础知识，又考查考生综合运用语言的能力。

主要考查考生的语言综合运用能力，包括词语辨析能力、语法结构分析能力、语篇理解能力、逻辑推理能力、文化背景透析能力、作者意图剖析能力和生活常识运用能力。

该题型分值高（30分，占整套试卷分数的20%），区分度强，是考生分数最容易＂拉开距离＂的题型。

完形填空是语言知识运用的第一节，共20小题，每小题1.5分。

在一篇约250词的短文中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题所给的4个选项中选出最佳选项，使补全后的短文意思通顺, 前后连贯, 结构完整。

全国卷对完形填空的考查，近几年来一直以记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主，以说明文和议论文为辅。

从选材到试题的设置都呈现出＂稳中有变＂的特点：1. 题材相对稳定：文章的选材都是中学生熟悉的话题，能够传递正能量，弘扬社会主义核心价值观，读后能给考生带来心灵的启迪。

且文章大多原汁原味，语言地道，注重思想性和教育性，具有积极的教育意义，体现出了课程标准中对培养学生的情感、态度和价值观的要求。

2. 文章短小精悍：完形填空的文章长度一般为250词左右，结构完整，脉络清晰，难度适中，全文设置20个空格，要求考生根据文章的整体内容，从层次结构和上下文的逻辑关系方面选择符合文章情节的选项，很少涉及纯语法知识试题。

3.稳定中有变化：近几年高考完形填空在选项的设置上，打破了传统的四个选项类别一致的命题规律。

完形填空题要求考生具备的能力之一就是＂正确的阅读理解能力＂，同时，还要储备扎实的语法、词汇和文化知识等，是一种全面考查考生语言运用能力的题型。

答题时考生可以从如下几个方面入手：一、树立整体意识，解决局部问题每篇完形填空都围绕一个主题展开，语篇完整，结构严谨，前后照应，所以在解决局部问题时，考生要树立牢固的整体意识，遵循＂整体—局部—整体＂原则，不要把注意力孤立地局限在句子层面上，而要从段落或整篇文章入手，整体把握文章的内容，结合上下文寻找答案线索。

二、借助逻辑连词，推敲前后文意英文中的逻辑连词是连接语篇的纽带，也是相关语句信息的结合点。

命题人常在这些＂关节＂上设置题目，考查学生的逻辑思维和语言应用能力。

常用的逻辑连词主要有：(1)词（包括连词、副词和少数介词），如and, but, or, because, though, however, yet, therefore, otherwise, despite等；(2)短语，如in other words, more than, in addition, as a result, so that, on the contrary, instead of等；(3)分句和独立结构，如that is to say, what’s more, all things considered等。

逻辑连词对准确理解语篇意义能够起到很强的提示作用。

考生在解题时要充分利用这些逻辑连词，找到与文中某些词、短语有密切关系的选项，如其同义词、近义词或反义词等，有时这些词、短语会在文中复现。

三、通达文章语境，明辨词语差异高考完形填空的选项一般属于同一词类，有的甚至在意义上也非常接近。

为了顺利解答此类题，考生在平时记忆单词时，要在例句中把握其用法，并能在考试中结合具体语境，比较四个选项的细微差别，推敲出最佳答案。

四、活用知识积累，甄别习惯搭配词汇的习惯用法或固定搭配，特别是动词、名词、形容词、介词等的搭配在完形填空题中出现的比例很大。

如果考生在备考时能牢固地掌握习惯用法或固定搭配，并在解题时灵活运用，就能达到事半功倍的效果。

五、联系生活常识，再现相关情景完形填空题所选的文章多是具有一定故事情节和教育意义的记叙文或夹叙夹议文或富有哲理的论说文，材料都非常贴近学生的生活。

考生在解题时，可以根据生活常识或常识想象当时的情景，从而作出正确的判断。

六、了解文化背景，克服母语干扰完形填空中常交织、渗透着各类文化背景知识。

有些选项的设置与文化背景有关，这就要求考生有较宽的知识面，同时具备一定的文化意识，特别要有对英语国家文化的敏感性和鉴别力，这样才能既快又准地解题。

2020年，全国卷II，完形填空It was just after sunrise on a June morning. “Nicolo,” whose real name cannot be 41 to the public because of Italy’s privacy laws,42 working the whole night at a factory in Turin. As he often did, he stopped by the “after work auction(拍卖)”43 by the Italian police where things ___44___ on the trains were sold to the highest bidder. There, among many other things, Nicolo spotted two paintings he thought would look___45___above his dining room table. Nicolo and another bidder 46 until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32.When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily, he 47 the paintings with him. He hung them above the same table he had ___48___ from Turin. His son, age 15, who had 49 an art appreciation class, thought that there was something 50 about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair. It was signed(签名) “Bonnato” or so he thought, but when he ____51____ it, he only found “Bonnard,” a Fre nch ____52____ he had never heard of. He bought a book and was ____53____ to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same ____54____ as his father’s painting.“That’s the garden in our picture,”Nicolo’s son told his fat her. They 55 learned that the painting they____56____was called “The Girl with Two Chairs.” They ____57____ the other painting and learned that it was 58 Paul Gauguin’s “Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog.” The 59 called the Italian Culture Ministry; the official confirmed that the paintings were 60 and worth as much as $50 million.41. A. attached B. allocated C. exposed D. submitted42. A. finished B. delayed C. considered D. tried43. A. attended B. reserved C. cancelled D. run44. A. shown B. found C. kept D. hidden45. A. nice B. familiar C. useful D. real46. A. battled B. debated C. discussed D. bargain47. A. held B. left C. registered D. brought48. A. chosen B. received C. ordered D. moved49. A. missed B. failed C. taken D. led50. A. concrete B. unusual C. unappealing D. natual51. A. appreciated B. touched C. researched D. witnessed52. A. painter B. designer C. author D. actor53. A. expected B. surprised C. anxious D. ready54. A. room B. kitchen C. hall D. garden55. A. apparently B. confidently C. eventually D. temporarily56. A. owned B. borrowed C. sold D. stole57. A. collected B. cleaned C. framed D. studied58. A. suitably B. actually C. rightly D. specifically59. A. girl B. artist C. family D. police60. A. copies B. originals C. models D. presents【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. A 46. A 47. D 48. D 49. C 50. B 51.C 52. A 53. B 54.D 55. C 56. A 57. D 58. B 59. C 60. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。