汉译英主要翻译技巧PPT课件
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英汉互译八种技巧 ppt课件
❖ 4. 保留习语中的重复 ❖ Long, long ago… ❖ 很久很久以前，··· ❖ The flower is very ,very beautiful. ❖ 这花可美可美了。 5，英语强势词的译法 Whatever, whatsoever, whoever, whomever,
whichever, whenever, wherever, however.
❖ Such a trifling thing is hardly worth mentioning. ❖ 区区小事，不足挂齿。 ❖ On returning to India, and ever after, he used to
speak of the pleasure of this period of his existence with great enthusiasm. ❖ 他后来回到印度，一提起那一段逍遥自在的日子， 总是眉飞色舞。 ❖ She spoke little and then after long meditation. ❖ 她少言寡语，而且总是在深思熟虑之后才开口。
8. 留得青山在, 不怕没柴烧。 So long as green hills remain, there will never be a shortage of firewood.
3. 减译法
❖ 增译法的反面
❖ 减译法是指原文中有些词在译文中不译出来, 因为译文中虽无其词而已有其意,或者在译文 中是不言而喻的;
❖ 别把那点钱挂在心上。你什么时候有什么时 候还我好了。
❖ 6.重复副词 ❖ Nels had it all written out neatly. ❖ 纳尔斯把它写得清清楚楚。 ❖ By and by the building rose up. ❖ 楼房一点一点地升起来了。 7，使用四字词组 Come over and have a rest. 过来休息休息。
汉译英翻译技巧PPT课件
汉译英翻译技巧
Sub Title here
1
一）词的翻译
• >>1.词义选择 • (1)语境词 • 例子： • 原句：手机刷新了人与人的关系。
• 译文：Cell phone have altered the
relationship among people. • 分析：“刷新”此处实际是指“改变”，
4
一）词的翻译
• >>3.词的增补 • (1)语法需要 • (2)意思表达需要 • (3)文化背景解释的需要
• >>4.词的减省 • >>5.词的代替(用代词代替重复的部分)
5
二)句的翻译
• >> 1）确立主干 • (1)确定主语 • 例文：这个地方比较多雨。 • 译文1：It rains a lot in this area. • 译文2：This area sees much rain. • 译文3：There is much rain in this area. • 分析：汉语主语的角度变化很少，而英语则变化
12
写在最后
成功的基础在于好的学习习惯
The foundation of success lies in good habits
13
结束语
当你尽了自己的最大努力时，失败也是伟大的， 所以不要放弃，坚持就是正确的。
When You Do Your Best, Failure Is Great, So Don'T Give Up, Stick To The End 演讲人：XXXXXX 时 间：XX年XX月XX日
2)段落的连贯 段落的连贯(coherence)指的是内容情节的 串联，或者逻辑关系上的贯通，总得来说 就是有完整的语义关系。
Sub Title here
1
一）词的翻译
• >>1.词义选择 • (1)语境词 • 例子： • 原句：手机刷新了人与人的关系。
• 译文：Cell phone have altered the
relationship among people. • 分析：“刷新”此处实际是指“改变”，
4
一）词的翻译
• >>3.词的增补 • (1)语法需要 • (2)意思表达需要 • (3)文化背景解释的需要
• >>4.词的减省 • >>5.词的代替(用代词代替重复的部分)
5
二)句的翻译
• >> 1）确立主干 • (1)确定主语 • 例文：这个地方比较多雨。 • 译文1：It rains a lot in this area. • 译文2：This area sees much rain. • 译文3：There is much rain in this area. • 分析：汉语主语的角度变化很少，而英语则变化
12
写在最后
成功的基础在于好的学习习惯
The foundation of success lies in good habits
13
结束语
当你尽了自己的最大努力时，失败也是伟大的， 所以不要放弃，坚持就是正确的。
When You Do Your Best, Failure Is Great, So Don'T Give Up, Stick To The End 演讲人：XXXXXX 时 间：XX年XX月XX日
2)段落的连贯 段落的连贯(coherence)指的是内容情节的 串联，或者逻辑关系上的贯通，总得来说 就是有完整的语义关系。
常用十大翻译技巧PPT课件
译)
❖ In the United States, guns are available to everyone. (反译)
❖ （2） 你可以从因特网上获得这一信息。
❖ You can obtain this information on the Internet. （正译）
❖ This information is accessible/available on the Internet. （反译）
❖ 改革开放政策受到了全中国人民的拥护。（动词转 名词）
❖ （6）In some of the European countries, the people are given the biggest social benefits such as medical insurance.
❖ 在有些欧洲国家里，人民享受最广泛的社会福利， 如医疗保险等。（被动语态转主动语态）
❖ 只有充分发展商品经济，才能把经济真正搞活，使 各企业增加效率。
❖ The development of a commodity economy is the only way to invigorate our economy and prompt enterprises to raise their efficiency.
❖ 英联邦各国尤其如此，它们认为英国加入欧共体， 将能保证欧共体的政策照顾到它们的利益。（在定 语从句前拆译）
❖ （4）中国是个大国，百分之八十的人口从事农业， 但耕地只占土地面积的十分之一，其余为山脉、森 林、城镇和其他用地。
❖ China is a large country with four-fifths of the population engaged in agriculture, but only one tenth of the land is farmland, the rest being mountains, forests and places for urban and other
❖ In the United States, guns are available to everyone. (反译)
❖ （2） 你可以从因特网上获得这一信息。
❖ You can obtain this information on the Internet. （正译）
❖ This information is accessible/available on the Internet. （反译）
❖ 改革开放政策受到了全中国人民的拥护。（动词转 名词）
❖ （6）In some of the European countries, the people are given the biggest social benefits such as medical insurance.
❖ 在有些欧洲国家里，人民享受最广泛的社会福利， 如医疗保险等。（被动语态转主动语态）
❖ 只有充分发展商品经济，才能把经济真正搞活，使 各企业增加效率。
❖ The development of a commodity economy is the only way to invigorate our economy and prompt enterprises to raise their efficiency.
❖ 英联邦各国尤其如此，它们认为英国加入欧共体， 将能保证欧共体的政策照顾到它们的利益。（在定 语从句前拆译）
❖ （4）中国是个大国，百分之八十的人口从事农业， 但耕地只占土地面积的十分之一，其余为山脉、森 林、城镇和其他用地。
❖ China is a large country with four-fifths of the population engaged in agriculture, but only one tenth of the land is farmland, the rest being mountains, forests and places for urban and other
汉英翻译技巧解析PPT课件
中秋节也是家庭团圆的时刻，远在他乡的游子，会借此 寄托自己对故乡和亲人的思念之情。中秋节的习俗很 多，都寄托着人们对美好生活的热爱和向往。
People living far away from home will convey their feelings
of
missing
their
hometowns
为了使英语简洁流畅，应考虑删减从译文角度来看 是多余的词语。
汉译英中所省略的词语分以下几类：省略重复出现
的某词;原文中表示范畴的词语(汉语里有一些名词，
如“任务”、“工作”、“情况”、“状态”、
“问题”、“制度”、“事业”、“局面”等等用
来表明范畴时，一般可以省略不翻译
.
3
对后来历代的思想家、文学家、政治家 the thinkers, writers and statesmen that came after
.
12
名词修饰语的排列
把一个或两个以上修饰语的名词词组译成英语时， 必须注意各前置修饰语在译文里的排列位置。
在汉语里，一个名词词组如果有几个性质不同的修 饰语，起限制作用（即表示“类属”如国别、类别 等）的修饰语位置在前，起描绘作用的在后。
如“意大利著名旅行家”。而在英语里，它们的位 置刚好相反：“famous Italian traveler”
.
7
Examples
孔子的学说不仅受到中国人的重视，而且也越来越受到整个 国际社会的重视。
Confucian thought not only retains the attention of the Chinese, but it also wins an increasing attention from the international community.
People living far away from home will convey their feelings
of
missing
their
hometowns
为了使英语简洁流畅，应考虑删减从译文角度来看 是多余的词语。
汉译英中所省略的词语分以下几类：省略重复出现
的某词;原文中表示范畴的词语(汉语里有一些名词，
如“任务”、“工作”、“情况”、“状态”、
“问题”、“制度”、“事业”、“局面”等等用
来表明范畴时，一般可以省略不翻译
.
3
对后来历代的思想家、文学家、政治家 the thinkers, writers and statesmen that came after
.
12
名词修饰语的排列
把一个或两个以上修饰语的名词词组译成英语时， 必须注意各前置修饰语在译文里的排列位置。
在汉语里，一个名词词组如果有几个性质不同的修 饰语，起限制作用（即表示“类属”如国别、类别 等）的修饰语位置在前，起描绘作用的在后。
如“意大利著名旅行家”。而在英语里，它们的位 置刚好相反：“famous Italian traveler”
.
7
Examples
孔子的学说不仅受到中国人的重视，而且也越来越受到整个 国际社会的重视。
Confucian thought not only retains the attention of the Chinese, but it also wins an increasing attention from the international community.
汉译英主要翻译技巧精品PPT课件
替换法
另外一种方法是化学方法。 Another method is the chemical process. / Another
approach is the chemical method.
同极电荷相斥，异极电荷相吸。 Electrical charges of a similar kind repel each other while
倒置法
敌我矛盾 contradictions between ourselves and the enemy
钢铁工业 the iron and steel industry
国际经济新秩序 a new international economic order
社会主义的现代化强国 a modern and strong socialist country
危险时也要保持冷静。 You should keep calm even when you are in danger.
天高云淡。 The sky is high and the clouds are pale.
车未停稳，切勿上下。 Never get on or off the bus before it comes to a standstill.
reaction.
我们建议立即做出决定。 We advise an immediate decision.
声音的频率、波长和速度三者是密切相关的。 The frequency, wavelength, and speed of sound are
closely related.
增补法
白求恩大夫一到前线就立刻开始工作。 Dr. Bethune set to work as soon as he came to the front.
英译汉翻译技巧必看PPT课件
• 他三岁丧父，所以记不起父亲了。
• Strange enough they were the same age to the day.
• 说来也巧， 他俩年纪一样大， 而且还是同 日的。
.
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5.合译法
• 合译是将原文的两个或几个分开叙述的意 思或层次合并重组，如将两个分句合译为 一个简单句，或两个简单句合译成一个复 合句等， 使全句的结构更加紧凑，语气更 加顺通。
• 直译： 好的婚姻不会仅仅发生—它们需要 大量的爱和大量的工作。
• 意译：幸福的婚姻不是凭空发生的---它需 要你为它付出大量的爱和做大量的工作。
• 或：美满的婚姻不会从天上掉下来---你必 须为它付出大量的爱，做大量的工作。
.
5
• 很显然，本句话的意译要比直译更符合汉 语表达习惯。当然，一句话并不限于一种 译法，要根据具体需要而定。一般来说， 在英汉翻译考试中，如果直译能达意就用 直译，如果直译效果不好，就应该考虑意 译。只要译文内容忠实，意思明白就行了。
• The electronic computer is chiefly characterized by its accurate and rapid computation.
• 计算机的主要特点是计算准确迅速。
.
21
3.英语名词→汉语形容词
• 英语原文中有形容词加后缀构成的名词， 翻译时可转化为汉语的形容词。 如：
• He came to my home for help. • 他来到我家请求帮助。 • I love having Friday off. • 我喜欢周五休息。 • I am for the former. • I am against the latter.
• Strange enough they were the same age to the day.
• 说来也巧， 他俩年纪一样大， 而且还是同 日的。
.
15
5.合译法
• 合译是将原文的两个或几个分开叙述的意 思或层次合并重组，如将两个分句合译为 一个简单句，或两个简单句合译成一个复 合句等， 使全句的结构更加紧凑，语气更 加顺通。
• 直译： 好的婚姻不会仅仅发生—它们需要 大量的爱和大量的工作。
• 意译：幸福的婚姻不是凭空发生的---它需 要你为它付出大量的爱和做大量的工作。
• 或：美满的婚姻不会从天上掉下来---你必 须为它付出大量的爱，做大量的工作。
.
5
• 很显然，本句话的意译要比直译更符合汉 语表达习惯。当然，一句话并不限于一种 译法，要根据具体需要而定。一般来说， 在英汉翻译考试中，如果直译能达意就用 直译，如果直译效果不好，就应该考虑意 译。只要译文内容忠实，意思明白就行了。
• The electronic computer is chiefly characterized by its accurate and rapid computation.
• 计算机的主要特点是计算准确迅速。
.
21
3.英语名词→汉语形容词
• 英语原文中有形容词加后缀构成的名词， 翻译时可转化为汉语的形容词。 如：
• He came to my home for help. • 他来到我家请求帮助。 • I love having Friday off. • 我喜欢周五休息。 • I am for the former. • I am against the latter.
《英汉互译技巧》PPT课件
The oiling is done with higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists and "human-relations" experts. 这种润滑作用是靠增加工资、改善厂房的通风状况及播放轻 音乐,以及通过心理学家的疏导和人际关系专家的指导完成 的.
Translate the following into Chinese
The oiling is done with higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped music and by psychologists and "human-relations" experts; 这种润滑作用是靠 增加工资、改善厂房的 通风状况及播放轻音乐, 以及通过心理学家 的疏导和人际关系专家的指导完成的.
Translate the following into Chinese
In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic management in which man becomes a small, well-oiled cog in the machinery. The oiling is done with higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists and "humanrelations" experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he does not wholeheartedly participate in his work and that he is bored with it. In fact, the blue and the white collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management.
Translate the following into Chinese
The oiling is done with higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped music and by psychologists and "human-relations" experts; 这种润滑作用是靠 增加工资、改善厂房的 通风状况及播放轻音乐, 以及通过心理学家 的疏导和人际关系专家的指导完成的.
Translate the following into Chinese
In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic management in which man becomes a small, well-oiled cog in the machinery. The oiling is done with higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists and "humanrelations" experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he does not wholeheartedly participate in his work and that he is bored with it. In fact, the blue and the white collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management.
汉英翻译翻译技巧PPT课件
get cold feet 胆怯
mend one's fences 改善关系
谦虚态度 modesty 发展过程 development
稳定性 stability
灵敏性 sensibility
无知的表现 innocence 同情心理 sympathy
鸡毛蒜皮 trifling
单枪匹马 all by oneself
LOG原文中抽象或者比较抽象的单词、词组、 成语或句子用具体或者是比较具体的单词、词组、成语或者句 子来进行翻译，从而消除或降低语言差别给翻译带来的损失。
如：transportation 运输工具 translation 翻译作品
advertisement 广告资料 government 政府官员
LOGO
在翻译过程中把原文中抽象或者比较抽象的单词、词组、
成语或句子用具体或者是比较具体的单词、词组、成语或者句 子来进行翻译，从而消除或降低语言差别给翻译带来的损失。
如： 大吵大闹 raise the roof 公开认错 stand in the white sheet 有花不完的钱 have enough money to burn 话中有话 with the tongue in the cheek 机敏 keep one's eyes on the ball 坚决反对 put one's foot down; set one's face against 截然不同 oil and vinegar 鲁莽的人 a bull in a china shop 告发 put the finger on 甘苦差事 hold (carry) the baby 反应快 think on one's feet 保密 keep sth under one's hat
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those that are dissimilar attract.
我们提倡和平共处的原则，这个原则目前在亚非各国越来 越得人心了。
We have advocated the principle of peaceful co-existence, which is now growing more and more popular among the nations of Asia and Africa.
句子成分转换
由于这些环境条件，难以找到进行试验的场所。 These circumstances make it difficult to find the site
on which to carry out experiments.
由于篇幅有限，我们不能对这个问题作进一步的分析。 Space does not allow us to analyze this problem further
人们常指责他优柔寡断，但这样的指责并非总是公正的。 He has often, not always justly, been accused of indecisiveness.
结束语
当你尽了自己的最大努力时，失败也是伟大的， 所以不要放弃，坚持就是正确的。
When You Do Your Best, Failure Is Great, So Don'T Give Up, Stick To The End
反译法
她把信留在这里，并不是有意想让你看。 She did not leave the letter here on purpose for you to read.
在任何情况下，我们都不会放弃原则。 Under no circumstances would we give up our principles.
without permission.
该项计划将首先由一个特别委员会予以审查。 The plan will be examined by a special committee first.
因为下雨，典礼简化了。 The ceremony was cut short by rain.
电视机销售量逐年增加。 Every year more and more TV sets are sold.
危险时也要保持冷静。 You should keep calm even when you are in danger.
天高云淡。 The sky is high and the clouds are pale.
车未停稳，切勿上下。 Never get on or off the bus before it comes to a standstill.
here.
视角转换
我三年前就遇见过她。 I met her three years back.
他气得脸色铁青。 His face was black with rage.
万分感谢您的帮助。 A thousand thanks for your help.
省略法
对于每一种作用，都有大小相等、方向相反的作用。 For every action there is an equal and opposite
reaction.
我们建议立即做出决定。 We advise an immediate decision.
声音的频率、波长和速度三者是密切相关的。 The frequency, wavelength, and speed of sound are
closely related.
增补法
白求恩大夫一到前线就立刻开始工作。 Dr. Bethune set to work as soon as he came to the front.
倒置法
敌我矛盾 contradictions between ourselves and the enemy
钢铁工业 the iron and steel industry
国际经济新秩序 a new international economic order
社会主义的现代化强国 a modern and strong socialist country
替换法
另外一种方法是化学方法。 Another method is the chemical process. / Another
approach is the chemical method.
同极电荷相斥，异极电荷相吸。 Electrical charges of a similar kind repel each other while
她发现她确实不能指望任何人了。 She found that she could count certainly upon nobody.
我已拜读了你的文章，想不到你竟这么年轻。 I have read your articles. I expected to meet an older man.
缩译法
如果你能陪我一块儿去，我会很高兴。 I shall be glad of your company on the journey.
他们不愿意参战，这是可以理解的。 They were understandably reluctant to join battles.
被动式译法
未经许可，参考书不得带出阅览室。 No reference books are to be taken out of the reading-room
转换法
词性转换
我不抽烟。 I am not a smoker.
她谙熟现代文学理论。 She is quary theories.
独立思考在学习中是绝对必要的。 Independent thinking is an absolute necessity in study.
我们提倡和平共处的原则，这个原则目前在亚非各国越来 越得人心了。
We have advocated the principle of peaceful co-existence, which is now growing more and more popular among the nations of Asia and Africa.
句子成分转换
由于这些环境条件，难以找到进行试验的场所。 These circumstances make it difficult to find the site
on which to carry out experiments.
由于篇幅有限，我们不能对这个问题作进一步的分析。 Space does not allow us to analyze this problem further
人们常指责他优柔寡断，但这样的指责并非总是公正的。 He has often, not always justly, been accused of indecisiveness.
结束语
当你尽了自己的最大努力时，失败也是伟大的， 所以不要放弃，坚持就是正确的。
When You Do Your Best, Failure Is Great, So Don'T Give Up, Stick To The End
反译法
她把信留在这里，并不是有意想让你看。 She did not leave the letter here on purpose for you to read.
在任何情况下，我们都不会放弃原则。 Under no circumstances would we give up our principles.
without permission.
该项计划将首先由一个特别委员会予以审查。 The plan will be examined by a special committee first.
因为下雨，典礼简化了。 The ceremony was cut short by rain.
电视机销售量逐年增加。 Every year more and more TV sets are sold.
危险时也要保持冷静。 You should keep calm even when you are in danger.
天高云淡。 The sky is high and the clouds are pale.
车未停稳，切勿上下。 Never get on or off the bus before it comes to a standstill.
here.
视角转换
我三年前就遇见过她。 I met her three years back.
他气得脸色铁青。 His face was black with rage.
万分感谢您的帮助。 A thousand thanks for your help.
省略法
对于每一种作用，都有大小相等、方向相反的作用。 For every action there is an equal and opposite
reaction.
我们建议立即做出决定。 We advise an immediate decision.
声音的频率、波长和速度三者是密切相关的。 The frequency, wavelength, and speed of sound are
closely related.
增补法
白求恩大夫一到前线就立刻开始工作。 Dr. Bethune set to work as soon as he came to the front.
倒置法
敌我矛盾 contradictions between ourselves and the enemy
钢铁工业 the iron and steel industry
国际经济新秩序 a new international economic order
社会主义的现代化强国 a modern and strong socialist country
替换法
另外一种方法是化学方法。 Another method is the chemical process. / Another
approach is the chemical method.
同极电荷相斥，异极电荷相吸。 Electrical charges of a similar kind repel each other while
她发现她确实不能指望任何人了。 She found that she could count certainly upon nobody.
我已拜读了你的文章，想不到你竟这么年轻。 I have read your articles. I expected to meet an older man.
缩译法
如果你能陪我一块儿去，我会很高兴。 I shall be glad of your company on the journey.
他们不愿意参战，这是可以理解的。 They were understandably reluctant to join battles.
被动式译法
未经许可，参考书不得带出阅览室。 No reference books are to be taken out of the reading-room
转换法
词性转换
我不抽烟。 I am not a smoker.
她谙熟现代文学理论。 She is quary theories.
独立思考在学习中是绝对必要的。 Independent thinking is an absolute necessity in study.