2020届高三英语一模十一选十(小猫钓鱼)汇编
上海市高考英语专题冲刺-十一选十 解题策略与练习巩固

上上上2020届上上上上上上上上上四上—— 十一选十(小猫钓鱼)一、题型特征及考点十一选十只考察四类实词,即:名词、动词、形容词、副词。
做题看所给词汇时,我们要么在内心谨记题目中所给的十一个词中每个词的多种词性和意思,只可惜有时候你可能会很难做到这一点,所以还是老老实实花个一两分钟左右仔细看清每一个单词,记住都有谁,并在每个单词旁边按注其含有的词性及诸如现在分词、过去分词、动名词以及各种分词式的形容词这类非词性方面的语法层次的特征(只出现在分词中)。
这样接下来在面对某一个空格时,只要根据上下文的语法结构或逻辑关系不再是从10个词中去选1个答案了,可以是4选1甚至2选1,从而缩小了选择的范围,提高做题的准确率。
1、选词填空的特点1) 文章长度一般350字左右;2) 第一句是主题句,一般均不设空(各种题型第一句话几乎均不设空);3) 每隔15-30个词有一个空,共10空;4) 方框中词汇兼顾一词多性、一词多义、派生【即前缀、后缀】、合成词、引申义等方面综合考察;5) 文章略低于完形填空、阅读理解C篇的难度。
2、选词填空的考点1)词汇方面:考察4类实词,即:名词、动词、形容词、副词;2) 语法方面:考察词性之间关系和句子结构分析的能力;3) 逻辑方面:考察上下文逻辑分析及语篇分析的能力。
3、需要注意的五个要点:(1) 词性判断(2) 常用搭配(3) 内在逻辑(4) 感情色彩(5) 语法常识二、解题步骤第一步:通读全文通读全文是用较快速度,一行一行地读,目的是把握至少90% 的内容。
选词填空的选项词义互不关联,词性也不同,而且还有干扰项,一定要先了解文章大意,带着文章脉络去找选项。
务必先沉着地把文章读一遍,尤其注意横线前后的位置,为寻找正确选项打下铺垫。
提醒:通读就是根据首段原则以及首末句原则,迅速抓出文章的主题。
判定文章主题对于篇章的整体把握具有很大的积极意义。
第二步:整理选项classify the options我们应该根据词性把选项中的每个单词进行分类归纳标,标出它们的词性。
高中英语外刊--小猫钓鱼(解析版)-尖子生必备

小猫钓鱼Music has been playing a major role in the lives of teenagers...A. purchasedB. positiveC. judgmentD. discussingE. preferencesF. stronglyG. informed H. feelings I. general J. different K. accepting Music has been playing a major role in the lives of teenagers for decades and today’s teens are no (1) Teens listen to over 2.5 hours of music per day. Ear buds, MP3 players and smart phones make it easy for teens to listen to music while they go about much of their daily lives. The digital world also means that parents must face new challenges when it comes to a teen’s music. In the past—when music was (2) through audio tapes or CDs—it was much easier for parents to be aware of a teen’s musical (3) But now that teens have free access to millions of songs and music videos through the Internet, parents are less likely to be (4) of what their teens are listening to. It’s hard to believe that today’s middle-aged people used to be (5) against Elvis Presley’s dance moves. Fast-forward to the present day and society has certainly become more (6) of many strange forms of art. As for parents, music is a powerful tool and certainly music with pro-social or warm lyrics (歌词) can be a(n) (7) influence on teens. You’d better take an active approach when (8) your teen’s musical interests. Get your teen to talk to you. Ask questions without passing (9) Always be curious and inquire about what your teen looks for in music and talk about what (10) can be found in certain songs.【参考答案与解题思路】■1.J考查different和differ解析:different意为“不同的”。
2020版高考一轮英语复习--第55讲 小猫钓鱼专题

考点55 小猫钓鱼第一步:详读选项,词分类首先说明一点,所给的11个词全部是实词,词性分别是和。
选项中的11个词是考查的关键,考生应该详细的理解这11个单词。
熟悉的单词标明词性和词义,不熟悉的单词或者不认识的单词只需标明词性,然后根据名词、动词、形容词、副词四大类按规律排列在试卷上。
这样做考生就可以不再是11选1了,只要根据上下文的逻辑关系或者语法结构,有时候可以是3选1甚至2选1,缩小了选择的范围,降低了试题的难度。
1. 动词分为谓语动词和非谓语动词。
非谓语动词包括:动词不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。
过去分词有两种可能性(形容词和动词的过去分词), 无法确定时标问号。
2. 不认识的词要看后缀。
构词法中, 前缀区分意思, 后缀区分词性。
所以看词尾往往能大致分出词性。
词性无法确定的, 暂时搁置。
3. 做出相应的标记。
在英文中有的单词不只有一个词性,比如大家常见的visit, access,approach, challenge, change等就即有名词词性又有动词词性。
这时两个都要标出来。
4.以-ing或-ed 结尾的词既可能是动词,也可能是由现在分词或过去分词转变而成的形容词。
例如:sleeping “She is sleeping.”中就是动词。
而在“sleeping beauty”中就是形容词。
建议同学们在供选择的词旁将两种词性都标注上,答题时以动词为首选进行判断。
第二步:略读全文,定中心考生拿到题目以后,由于考查考生对篇章的理解,应该略读整篇文章,确定文章的中心或主要说明的问题。
文章大概在220词--250词左右,用1分钟左右的时间略读即可。
要抓住文章首句,迅速找到文章的主题词或主题。
和完型填空一样,一般文章第一句不设空格,以便让考生知道本文的相关主题词或主题。
在此,建议大家使用略读的方法,以快速掌握文章大意。
第三步:关注逻辑、词义,灵活选可以通过词义判断(即通过同词性词汇的中文意思是否符合文章的整体意思,由此判断是不是最合适的选项)和逻辑判断(即根据文章的逻辑顺序和逻辑结构,确定同词性的词汇中的哪个是最佳答案)两种方法确定答案。
2020届北京十一中学高三英语一模试卷及参考答案

2020届北京十一中学高三英语一模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AChildren under the age of 18 will be allowed up to three hours per week to play video games, according to a notice issued by China's National Press and Publication Administration. Online game companies are required to provide services to minors — from8 to 9 p. m. on Fridays, Saturdays, Sundays and legal holidays — as a way to safeguard their physical and mental health. Children are playing more and more online games these days. Is it time to limit their online gaming time? What role do parents have? Readers share their opinions.RizlaredOnline games are addictive, but if children are taught how to manage in a sensible and responsible manner then it is no longer a threat(威胁).To achieve this, parents need to set examples for not being glued to their phones. Teaching is and always will be the best solution to such problems.AndrewGood policy. By limiting time spent on online games, kids can spend time doing more useful things to develop their potential. They can go outside and run, jump and swim instead of sitting on a couch at home and playing with a smart phone.AdamIt is often seen that parents argue with children over cellphones. Most parents can hardly set and enforce the time limit for its daily usage. Some forcibly take away their cellphones, but it will ruin trust and relationship. Even worse, it will make their kids hate them.PinkExcessive(过度的)gaming is purely a waste of time and energy for minors and has a negative effect on both physical and mental health. The gaming industry should not put profit- flaking interests as its priority (优先事项) . They should act in a socially responsible way toprovide an environment for children to ensure their well-being and development.LaurenThere would be a loophole(漏洞). Children could use their parents’ or other adults’ IDs to avoid real-name registration, thus making it impossible to put this policy in effect. Parents ly need to strengthen guidance andsupervision to keep their children from gaming addiction.1. What should kids do according to Andrew?A. Play online games.B. Play with a smart phone.C. Study all the time.D. Go in for outside activities.2. What does Pink advise the gaming industry to do?A. Pay attention to its profit.B. Focus on kids’ health.C. Be responsible for kids’ surroundings.D. Persuade kids lo play more games.3. What role do parents have according to the passage?A. They keep hold of their phones.B. They set examples for their kids.C. They limit their kids’ time.D. They blame kids for addiction.BPablo Picasso was born on October25 inMalaga. Spain in 1881. Taking after his father, Picasso shared apassion(热爱)for painting and art. Even though he wasn't the best student in school, Picasso excelled at drawing. Noticing his amazing talent, Picasso's father, an artist, taught him everything he knew. Before long, Picasso could paint and draw much better than his father. With this rich talent, Picasso paid less and less attention to his schoolwork and spent the majority of his day sketching and drawing in notepads and sketchbooks.When he was a little bit older, Picasso moved twice and was accepted into two fine art programs. However, he didn't care very much for the special techniques they taught and often wandered the streets by himself drawing the scenes around him. After moving to these two places, Picasso moved back home toBarcelonaand decided that he would develop new techniques of art and painting based on what he saw.Later, Picasso decided to move toParis,France, where he began perfecting his own techniques of painting, drawing and other forms of art. His drawings. paintings, and an included pieces about sadness, poverty, classics and self-portraits. One of his major types of work is calledcubism(立体派),which includes art with all sizes of geometric shapes together on the piece of an. This type of art is very important because no other artists had come up with the idea before. Picasso decided to try something new, and as a result, cubismis widely accepted today as a classic style of art.Picasso inspires us to always be thinking. He tells us to think outside the box and come up with fresh new ideas that can change the world. He surely plays a significant role in the art field.4. What do we know about Picasso as a student at school?A. He hated doing his homework.B. He was very proud of his talent.C. He showed great talent for drawing.D. He was often praised by his teacher.5. What did Picasso's father do when he found Picasso's gift?A. He tried his best to help Picasso.B. He blamed Picasso for his laziness.C. He asked Picasso to finish his work on time.D. He encouraged Picasso to do better at school.6. What was Picasso's attitude towards the special techniques at that time?A. He thought highly of them.B. He took no interest in them.C. He was confused about them.D. He was concerned about them.7. What does the author tell us in the last two paragraphs?A. Picasso has great faith in art.B. Picasso has changed the world a lot.C. Picasso can do anything he wants to.D. Picasso is a highly creative artist.CRecently, I experienced a wonderful lesson in how little things still meana lot. My brother, mother and I live in Hawaii. Our farm is at least a dozen miles from even the most basic of services. Therefore, I take weekly trips to the shop to gel supplies. About a month ago, I finished loading up the car and was about to leave when a piece of paper on the ground caught my eye. I picked it up and read it carefully.Immediately, I was grateful that I had done that___4___It was a receipt (收据) from the State Motor Vehicle Division, recording the owner's payment of her Vehicle's Registration fees. I put myself in his or her shoes and thought: no one would throw this away. I looked over the receipt for any personal data, perhaps a license plate (车牌) or telephone number, but failed. How could I find the owner in the busy, crowded parking lot? Had it been lying there for a few minutes or a week? So I checked the date, the fees paid and the name of the owner, who must live in our town. I decided that the best and easiest step to take was to put the receipt in an envelope and send it to the owner first the next morning.By the end of the week, I received a beautiful “thank you” letter from a woman including a handwritten message and a card. In the letter, the woman explained how the wind took her receipt from a pocket in her car's passenger door. She had searched everywhere for quite some time before giving up.It felt great to know I had helped someone avoid a loss by doing something that seemed little and unimportant.8. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 1 mean?A. He was lucky to learn the lesson.B. It was a good idea to do shopping that day.C. He was right to pick up the paper.D. It turned out the paper belonged to the writer.9. What information did the writer get from the paper?A The woman's license plate number.B. The woman's phone number.C. The woman's name.D. The woman's address.10. How did the woman lose the receipt?A. She forgot where she had put it.B. A strong wind blew it away.C. It fell onto the floor.D. She left it in the parking lot.11. What can be the best title for the text?A. A Lesson I Will Never ForgetB. Never Lose Heart or Give upC. Little Things Still Mean a LotD. Think Carefully Before You ActDAccording to Oxford Dictionaries, morality means: “Principles concerning the distinction between right and wrong or good and bad behavior.” Though morality is a rather subjective subject, there are some principles that are universal across all cultures found by an Oxford University study: “help your family, help your group, return favors, be brave, obey superiors, divide resources fairly, and respect others’ property”. The fact that these morals are found across 60 cultures from around the world demonstrates that morality, though subjective, is the cornerstone of keeping our societies together. Here are some reasons to be moral: without morality, a social life is almost impossible to maintain; having a good reputation and having a clear conscience is psychologically healthy; and most philosophies regard unselfish and principled behavior as important.There is no doubt that without morals, a society cannot function effectively. A confused situation would appear, According to the Society of Morality, “We are social animals, and the actions we take-the things we do and the things we don’t do-have consequences on our environments and on the others around us. As a result, we need to be able to govern our behavior in the near term so as not to injure ourselves or our community in the long term. This system of controlling our actions and our thoughts in order to operate in a community is what we often refer to as morality”. Therefore, we need a set of morals in order to operate within a social circle and a social environment. Acting immoral usually results in being excluded from social activities or being avoided by a society based on laws and cultural standards. Besides acting moral having a sociological need, it also has a psychological basis. Most people are concerned to some extent about their reputation. According to PsyPost, “A lot of economic models of human behavior assume that people are only rational (理性的) when they narrowly pursue their own self-interest, but history shows us that people are also tremendously concerned with being and appearing moral”. So, the fear of one’s reputation being damaged is often a strong motivator to be moral. And if someonehas been immoral,most people go out of their way to make sure no one finds out, or to correct the behavior in order to not be caught. This goes in line with conscience as well. People generally feel in a better psychological state if they feel that their conscience is clean. A dirty conscience can result in a lack of sleep, anxiety, internal stress, and even illness.On the side of philosophy, the study of ethics (伦理) comes into play. Most philosophers agree that one should rationally choose a set of standards of behavior in order to function. Though there is moral relativism, there are universal anthropological (人类学的) morals, as mentioned in the introduction. By the nature of our societies and cultures, we choose what we believe is right and wrong. But surprising, this rational behavior comes to a general agreement on morals. So, there is a fine line between moral relativism and moral absolutism. But the main thing to take away from this discussion is that philosophers generally believe that each individual has the right to rationally come up with a set of ethics to live by, and that it is healthy to do so.12. The author discusses morality (paragraph 1) in order to ________.A. explain the relationship between morality and cultureB. describe the moral rules found all around the worldC. contrast the distinction between right and wrongD. introduce the definition, principles and reasons of morality13. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A. acting moral allows us to fit into group betterB. morality brings the system of controlling behaviorC. contrast the distinction between right and wrongD. introduce the definition, principles and reasons of morality14. Which of the following is the psychological basis for acting moral?A pursuit of self-interest. B. a clean conscience.C. The concern about reputation.D. a dirty conscience.15. What does the author advise us to do according to the last paragraph?A. To reach a general agreement on morals based on ethics.B. to carve one’s own sense of ethics to operate in this world.C. To choose between moral relativism and moral absolutism.D. To exclude philosophers’ beliefs and solution as well.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
高中英语外刊--小猫钓鱼(解析版)-尖子生必备

小猫钓鱼Music has been playing a major role in the lives of teenagers...A. purchasedB. positiveC. judgmentD. discussingE. preferencesF. stronglyG. informed H. feelings I. general J. different K. accepting Music has been playing a major role in the lives of teenagers for decades and today’s teens are no (1) Teens listen to over 2.5 hours of music per day. Ear buds, MP3 players and smart phones make it easy for teens to listen to music while they go about much of their daily lives. The digital world also means that parents must face new challenges when it comes to a teen’s music. In the past—when music was (2) through audio tapes or CDs—it was much easier for parents to be aware of a teen’s musical (3) But now that teens have free access to millions of songs and music videos through the Internet, parents are less likely to be (4) of what their teens are listening to. It’s hard to believe that today’s middle-aged people used to be (5) against Elvis Presley’s dance moves. Fast-forward to the present day and society has certainly become more (6) of many strange forms of art. As for parents, music is a powerful tool and certainly music with pro-social or warm lyrics (歌词) can be a(n) (7) influence on teens. You’d better take an active approach when (8) your teen’s musical interests. Get your teen to talk to you. Ask questions without passing (9) Always be curious and inquire about what your teen looks for in music and talk about what (10) can be found in certain songs.【参考答案与解题思路】■1.J考查different和differ解析:different意为“不同的”。
11选10 2020上海高考英语一模专题

11选10---2020年上海高考英语一模专题2020上海高三英语一模分类汇编2020宝山一模Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.Simba, everyone's favorite baby lion, returns to movie theatres July 19th (in the U.S.).This time around, though, he will be much more ___31___ through the magic of CGL (电脑合成影像).The much-loved classic, The Lion King, will open for the 25th anniversary of the____32____ movie.The 1994 film proved to be one of Hollywood's best-loved vivid movies! It made almostUS$ 970 million worldwide. The film went on to win numerous awards for its music and its later stage shows. Simba's story opened on Broadway in 1997, followed by theatrical ____33____ around the world. Today, audiences on six continents have seen The Lion King ____34____ on stage. Now, more than 20 years later, it is still one of Broadway's most popular shows.Great ____35____ is building for the new movie. Disney released its first official video clipduring Thanksgiving Day football games last year. The trailer (预告片)was viewed more than 224 million times in the first 24 hours!The trailer was received very positively, especially because of its realism. Some fans, though, noticed that the clip of the new film was _____36_____ the same as in the 1994 opening scene. One Disney executive quickly gave some _____37____ . He said the movie kept the best of the original, while adding the some new elements.One thing that excited many viewers was the ____38_____ of a very familiar voice. JamesEarl Jones, with his famous low but strong voice, has returned as Simba's father Mufasa. Jones is the only one of the original voice actors to return in the new film.Many well-known people provide character voices, including popstar Beyonce and actorSeth Rogan. Director Jon Favreau expressed his excitement over _____39____ his all-star cast to such a great story. “It's a director's dream to 40 a talented team…to bring this classic story to life.”1 / 21 1 / 2111选10---2020年上海高考英语一模专题2020上海高三英语一模分类汇编31. E 32. K 33. A 34. I 35. B 36. C 37. H 38. D 39. J 40. F2020崇明一模Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Stephen Hawking: The Extraordinary Scientist Who Changed Our Understanding of PhysicsThere aren't very many scientists who achieved rock star status. Stephen Hawking wasdefinitely one of them.Hawking was a theoretical physicist whose early work on black holes __31__ how scientiststhink about the nature of the universe. Lawrence Krauss, a theoretical physicist from Arizona State 2 / 21 2 / 2111选10---2020年上海高考英语一模专题2020上海高三英语一模分类汇编University and a friend and colleague of Hawking's, says that at a young age. Hawking __32__ something “truly remarkable”. Krauss says before Hawking,physicists thought that the large gravity of a black hole __33__ everything in and nothing could escape. But by combining quantum mechanics (量子力学)and the theory of relativity, Hawking showed something and changed everything about the way we think about gravity. Krauss says Hawking pointed out a(n) __34__ problem in the way physicists understand our world一a problem that Krauss says has yet to be resolved.But his fame wasn't just a(n) __35__ of his research. Hawking, who had a rare disease thatmade it impossible for him to move or speak, was also a popular public____36____ and best-selling author. When he came to scientific conferences,the audience focused their attention on him. And it wasn't just the scientists but the general public as well who showed great __37__ for him. His popular book about his work, A Brief History of Time, was a best-seller. But he agreed that thatbook was probably the least-read, most-bought book ever. This showed Hawking's sense of humor. That sense of humor, along with his fame, __38__ Hawking to appear on The Simpsonsseveral times as well as on a number of other popular shows.Toward the end of his life, Hawking's disease left him almost(瘫痪的).It look an enormous__39__ for Hawking to communicate, using the tiny movements he could make to control a computer. It's tempting to say that Hawking achieved his fame in spite of his __40__ challenges.31.1) 32. F 40. E 39. G 38. B 37.1 36. H 35. C 34. J 33. A2020奉贤一模/ 3 321 / 2111选10---2020年上海高考英语一模专题2020上海高三英语一模分类汇编Direction: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Venetians(威尼斯人) are fed up with what they see as inadequate responses tothe city's mounting problems: record-breaking flooding, environmental and safety threats from cruise ship traffic and the burden on services from over-tourism.They feel largely left to their own devices, with ever-fewer Venetians living in the historic part of the city to 31 its interests and keep it from becoming mainly a tourist land.The historic flooding this week---marked by three floods over 1.5 meters (nearly 5 feet) and the highest in 53 years at 1.87 meters(6 feet, 1 inch)---has 32 calls to create an administration that recognizes the uniqueness of Venice, for both its concentration of treasures and its 33 vulnerability.Flood damage has been 34 estimated at hundreds of millions of Euros (dollars), but the true range will only become clear with time. The frustration goes far beyond the failure to complete and 35 78 underwater barriers that weredesigned to prevent just the kind of damage that Venice has 36 this week. Withthe system not yet completed or even 37 tested after 16 years of work and 5 billion Euros ($5.5 billion) invested, many are suspicious it will even work.At the public level, proposals for better administering the city including 38some level of autonomy(自制) to Venice, already enjoyed by some Italian regions like Trentino-Alto-Adige with its German-speaking minority, or offering tax 39 to encourage Venice's repopulation.Just 53,000 people live in the historic part of the city that tourists know as Venice, down by a third from a generation ago and dropping by about 1,000 people a year. That means fewer people watching the neighborhood, monitoring for public maintenance 40 or neighbors in need. Many leave because of the increased4 / 21 4 / 2111选10---2020年上海高考英语一模专题2020上海高三英语一模分类汇编expense or the daily difficulties in living in a city of canals, which can make even a simple errand a hard journey.31-40 BEAKJ GCHFI2020虹口一模Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used onlyHow do Cigarettes Affect the Body?Cigarettes aren't good for us. But how exactly do cigarettes harm us? Let's look at what happens as their ingredients make their way through our bodies, and how we benefit (31) _______ when we finally give up smoking.Inside the airways and lungs, smoke increases the (32) _______ of infections as well aslong - lasting diseases. It does this by damaging the tiny hair - like tissues which keep the airwaysclean. That's one of the reasons smoking can lead to oxygen loss and (33) _______ of breath.Within about 10 seconds, the bloodstream carries a stimulant called nicotine to the brain, creating the (34) _______ sensations which make smoking highly addictive. Nicotine and other chemicals from the cigarette, at the same time, cause tightness of blood tubes, restricting blood flow. These effects on blood tubes lead to (35) _______ of blood tube walls, increasing the possibility of heart attacks and strokes.Many of the chemicals inside cigarettes can activate dangerous (36) _______ in the body's DNA that make cancers form. In fact, about one of every three cancer deaths in the United States is caused by smoking. And it's not just lung cancer. Smoking can cause cancer in multiple tissues and organs, as well as damaged eyesight and (37) _______ bones. It makes it harder for women to get5 / 21 5 / 2111选10---2020年上海高考英语一模专题2020上海高三英语一模分类汇编pregnant. And in men, it can cause long-term damages of body functions.But for those who quit smoking, there's a huge positive upside with almost (38) _______ and long-lasting physical benefits. A day after ceasing, heart attack risk begins to decrease as blood pressure and heart rates (39) _______. Lungs become healthier after about one month, with less coughing. After ten years, the chances of developing fatal lung cancer go down by 50%, probably because the body's ability to repair DNA is once again restored.There's no point pretending this is all easy to achieve. Quitting can lead to anxiety and depression. But fortunately, such effects are usually (40) _______. Advice and support groups and moderate intensity exercise also help smokers stay cigarette - free. That's good news, since quitting puts you and your body on the path back to health.31. G 32. C 33. I 34. A 35. E 36. B 37. K 38. F 39. J 40. H2020黄浦一模Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beBeyond Mobile Money: The Future of Asia's FinTechMobile money has been the hottest part in financial technology for the last few years. But FinTech is more than just how people store money and transact(交易)-- the space is much more horizontal, short cutting how we create, share, and protect value.The latest product of FinTech companies to __31__ in Asia Pacific illustrates the many ways6 / 21 6 / 2111选10---2020年上海高考英语一模专题2020上海高三英语一模分类汇编the space can help consumers beyond just their mobile wallet. It is important for all businesspersonsto be aware of these trends, as their success opens up all sorts of possibilities for companies to__32__ with them. And, on a much deeper level, new FinTechs may __33__ consumer expectationsin even other tech industries.The Smart-phone Emerges a Credit - Scoring StandardWith close to half a billion __34__ consumers in Southeast Asia alone, there is an entire industry of FinTechs devoted to finding ways to accurately determine their credit - worthiness togive them __35__ to finance. Unfortunately, since they don't have bank accounts, such FinTechs cannot rely on __36__ financial information or credit card payments.One credit scoring source emerging as a new standard in the field is smart-phone-based credit scoring. It has __37__ broad global support, including from the likes of the World-Bank. Inone of its reports, the Asian Development Bank even stated that mobile data was a key to financial__38__, as it could improve customer recording, and, in turn, get an access to credit.AI Combines with the Wisdom of the CrowdThe most common slogan in today's tech headlines is the “artificial intelligence.”Readers are fascinated with how AI has the __39__ to transform every consumer and enterprise(企业)industry. While such focus is appropriate that AI will __40__ change the world, it leaves out a crucialelement that will go hand - in - hand with its rise: the wisdom of the crowd.31-40 BEGKA JHCFD2020嘉定一模Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box.7 / 21 7 / 2111选10---2020年上海高考英语一模专题2020上海高三英语一模分类汇编Emphasizing social play in kindergarten improves academics Emphasizing social play and students helping one another in kindergarten improves academic outcomes, self-control and attention regulation, finds new UBC research. The study, published inthe journal PLoS One, found this approach to kindergarten curriculum also ___31___ children's joyin learning and teachers' enjoyment of teaching.“Before children have the ability to sit for long periods ___32___ information, they need to be allowed to be ___33___ and be encouraged to learn by dong,”said Dr. Adele Diamond, the study'slead author. “Indeed, people of all ages learn better by doing than by being told.”Through a controlled experiment, Diamond and her colleagues ___34___ the effectiveness ofa curriculum called Tools of the Mind (Tools). The curriculum was introduced to willing kindergarten teachers and 351 children with different backgrounds in 18 public schools.Tools was developed in 1993 by two American researchers. Its basic ___35___ is that social -emotional development and improving self-control is as important as teaching academic skills and content. The Tools ___36___ the role of social play in developing skills such as self - control, selective attention and planning. “Skills like self-control and selective attention are necessary for learning. They are often more strongly associated with school readiness(入学准备)than intelligence quotient (IQ),”said Diamond. “This experiment is the first to show ___37___ of a curriculum emphasizing social play.”Teachers reported more ___38___ behavior and greater sense of community in Tools classes.Late is the school year, Tools teachers reported they still felt ___39___ and excited about teaching, while teachers in the control group were exhausted. “I have enjoyed seeing the ___40___ progress my students have made in writing and reading.”said a Tools teacher in Vancouver. “I have also enjoyed seeing the students get so excited about coming to school and learning. They loved all the activities so much that many students didn't want to miss school, even if they were sick.”8 / 21 8 / 2111选10---2020年上海高考英语一模专题2020上海高三英语一模分类汇编31-35 GHFJB 36-40 AIDEC2020静安一模Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beFounding Father of China's Nuclear Program fiveNon-Proliferation terms Under the of the Nuclear Treaty(only 不扩散核武器条约),countries are considered to be “nuclear-weapon states.”China is one of them. This military achievement would have been __31__ without the contribution of Deng Jiaxian, a leading organizer of China's nuclear weapon programs.Deng went to the United States in 1948 for further study, and received a doctorate in physicstwo years later. Just nine days after graduation, the then 26-year-old returned to the newly-founded People's Republic of China with __32__ physics knowledge. He became a research fellow under the leadership of Qian Sanqiang and started his theoretical nuclear research in cooperation with Yu Min.From1958 on, Deng spent over 20 years working __33__ with a team of young scientists onthe development of China's first atomic and hydrogen bombs. Originally, they were prepared to receive training by experts from the Soviet Union. Soon after, however, the Soviet government tore up its __34__ with China and removed all its experts. Deng had to lead the team of 28 members with an average age of 23 on a mission to __35__ the mysterious power of atomic physics.There was ridicule (嘲笑) following the __36__ of the Soviet experts that China wouldn't be able to build an atomic bomb within 20 years. Deng said to his colleagues, “It is in the interest of the Chinese people to develop nuclear weapons. We must be willing to be unknown heroes for our lifetime. It is worth the risk of suffering, and it is worth our __37__ to this cause.”9 / 21 9 / 2111选10---2020年上海高考英语一模专题2020上海高三英语一模分类汇编As the leader of China's atomic bomb design, Deng gave lessons himself and organized a teamto translate and study the __38__ foreign language materials. In the meantime, he never stopped thinking about the direction of atomic bomb development.Following the successful test of the first atomic bomb in 1964, Deng joined the research group led by Yu Min. They immediately started the design of the hydrogen bomb, which was __39__ in 1967. From the first atomic bomb to the first hydrogen bomb, China spent only two years and eight months on development .Deng passed away in 1986 because of cancer. In the last month of his life, the 28-year secret experience of this great scientist was __40__, and his reputation began to spread throughout China. In 1999, along with 22 other scientists, he was awarded the special prize of “Two Bombs, One Satellite Meritorious Medal”for his contribution to Chinese military science.31-40 KFACG IEBDH2020闵行一模Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used onlyTime: is there ever enough of it? In today's modern world, most of us are __31__ withso-called time-saving devices and technological advancements and work less both at the office and at home. But why do we still feel busier?A study by Derek Thompson on the “myth”of being busy suggests that while __32__ brought us convenience, it also brought us new headaches. Consider the idea of FOMO (fear of missing out). Knowing exactly what we're missing out makes us feel guilty or anxious about the__33__ for our time and our ability to use it effectively.While being informed is important, it can lead to anxiety about keeping up with the times.If you find yourself unable to stop scrolling through Twitter, turn off the phone and take a mental break. Practice JOMO (joy of missing out), a(n) ___34___ on life that's a direct contradiction to FOMO. Get rid of feelings of guilt and “shoulds”and replace them with mindfulness and living in the moment.10 / 21 10 / 2111选10---2020年上海高考英语一模专题2020上海高三英语一模分类汇编Another thing technology has __35__ us is the blurring(难以区分)between work and downtime. While constant connection has made the workday much more flexible, it's also harder to turn off at the end of the day. Always being “on”is a(n) __36__ state of mind. Consider putting a hard stop on media and electronic devices an hour or two before bed.Of course, if you want to move up the corporate ladder and get a bigger paycheck, working long hours has long been a __37__ strategy. But if you don't have passion for your job or care about what you do, you might just be working yourself into more __38__.People working the same hours feel completely different levels of time pressure dependingon their passion. If most of the hours are spent doing something you don't feel __39__ about, it'sno wonder you start to feel out of control and anxious about your time. Taking back control of your time can ease this mental stress. Therefore, your time management goal shouldn't be to figure out how to do more, but __40__ to figure out how to want less.31-40 JAEHG KIBFC2020浦东一模Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in11 / 21 11 / 2111选10---2020年上海高考英语一模专题2020上海高三英语一模分类汇编Criticism of the Fast FashionIn the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn't affect her.Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant's sweater was (31) ______ over the years from fashion shows to departments stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl probably found her clothes.This top-down concept of the fashion business couldn't be more out of date or in conflictwith the mad world described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline's three-year accusation of “fast fashion”. In the last decade or so, (32) ______in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara, H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and predict demand more(33) ______. Quicker turnarounds mean less wasted stock, more frequent release, and more profit. These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable—meantto last only a wash or two, although they don't advertise that—and to (34) ______ their wardrobe( 衣橱) every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands havecontrolled fashion cycles, shaking an industry long (35) ______ to a seasonal pace.The (36) ______ of this revolution, of course, are not limited to designers. For H&M tooffer a $5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-plus stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that (37) ______ natural resources, and use massiveamounts of harmful chemicals.Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named Sarah Kate Beaumont, who since 2008 has made all of her own clothes—and beautifully. Butas Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example can'tbe imitated.Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to (38) ______ their impact on12 / 21 12 / 212020上海高三英语一模分类汇编11选10---2020年上海高考英语一模专题labor and the environment—including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line—Cline believes lasting change can only be made by customers. She exhibits the idealism (39) ______to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy. Vanity( 虚荣心) is a constant; people will only start shopping more (40) ______ when they can't afford not to.31-40 HBGIAKEFDJ2020普陀一模Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used onlyonce. Note that there is one word more than you need.Autism Spectrum Disorder, or ASD, affects how people communicate with and relate to others. Most people with autism don't understand some of the basic social __31__ that others take for granted. They might have trouble making eye contact, holding a conversation, or recognizing gestures. And over one-third of people with ASDare nonverbal, meaning they don't use speech. Along with communication __32__, people with autism often like to follow certain patterns or __33__ behaviors. Many aresensitive to bright light or loud noises, and others have physical problems, like troublewalking or picking up small objects. Some have __34__ disabilities, but about half haveaverage or above average IQs. It's also common for people with autism to have a greatlong-term memory for certain details, and many excel in math, science, music, or art. With such a wide variety of symptoms, no two people with ASD are alike. The behaviors vary so much that they used to be __35__ as different disorders. One was Asperger Syndrome, where people obsess over particular topics, __36__nonverbal social cues, and may not understand appropriate social behaviors.Even though there's no cure for ASD, therapy and medication can help people adjust. Scientists are also doing clinical __37__ to find other solutions. They've learnedthat 1 out of every 68 children in the US has the disorder, but they still aren't sure whatcauses it. No matter why it happens, ASD is being __38__ at a higher rate every year. This doesn't mean it's becoming more common. It just means more people are aware 13 / 21 13 / 212020上海高三英语一模分类汇编11选10---2020年上海高考英语一模专题of the condition and getting professional help early, and awareness is __39__. Themorewe learn about autism, the more we can understand and relate to those who haveit.It's important to note that people with ASD deserve the same respect, fairness and chances that people without ASD receive. This will help people with ASD __40__ and grow in our communities.B G J FC I K ED A31-40青浦一模2020Each word can be used Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.In between all the measures to battle the severe air pollution levels in Delhi, there's one moreoption for you —a bar that has “pure air”. Delhi's first-ever oxygen bar —named “Oxy Pure”—offers 15 minutes of 80-90 percent pure oxygen starting from Rs 299.to choose from that 香味()The bar, __31__ in May, also offers its customers several aromas can be filled with oxygen. The aromas include lemongrass, cherry, mango and more.Customers are given a lightweight tube, used for supplementary oxygen __32__. The device isaroma-filled in the to which through they are advised breathe nose the placed near customer's oxygen. / 14/ 14 21 2111选10---2020年上海高考英语一模专题2020上海高三英语一模分类汇编According to the aroma you choose, each session __33__ to improve one's sleep patterns and digestion, cure headaches and even claims to work as a remedy for __34__.“I was passing by and saw that they were offering pure oxygen. I thought I would give it a tryand went for the lemongrass flavour. It was __35__,”Manjul Mehta, a customer at Oxy Pure told Delhi Daily.Speaking to Delhi Daily, Bonny Irengbam, senior sales assistant at the bar, said customers were__36__ positively after a few sessions.“Some people, who try it for the first time, will feel relaxed and fresh. But only people who undergo the sessions regularly will get real __37__ of the aroma,”he added. “Though we have regular customers, we don't encourage back-to-back sessions, as __38__ levels of oxygen in thebody can make a person dizzy. It is __39__ to do it once or twice a month or to stick with the 10-15 minute sessions a day,”he said.Dr. Rajesh Chawla, a senior consultant in medicine said that though such sessions do not haveany side-effects, it does not help in the long run either. “Even if you breathe in the so-called pureoxygen for two hours in a day, you will go back to breathing the polluted air for the rest of the 22 hours”, he said. He added that the concept is purely a(n) __40__ move.31-40 F H C K B J A E I D2020松江一模Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.15 / 21 15 / 2111选10---2020年上海高考英语一模专题2020上海高三英语一模分类汇编Is it possible to make paper without trees? Australian businessmen Kevin Garciaand Jon Tse spent a year researching a possible __31__ that could serve as a possible raw material for making paper. Then Garcia read about a Taiwanese company making commercial paper out of stone and a(n) __32__ struck.A year later, in July 2017, they launched Karst Stone Paper. The company produces from waste __33__ source is stone Their paper without using wood or water. construction sites and other industrial waste dumps.“If you look at the whole process of how paper is traditionally made, it __34__and drying and then __35__, lots trees, adding chemicals, using of water chopping flattening it into sheets of paper,”said Garcia. “It contributes to high carbon emissionand deforestation.”large 540 helped save paper Garcia estimates Karst's production has In 2019,from being deforested, 83,100 liters (21,953 gallons) of water (成材木)timber treesfrom being used and 25,500 kilograms (56,218 pounds) of carbon dioxide from being__36__.from wherever we can find it, wash (石灰石)“We collect disposed limestone(高it, and grind it into fine powder,”he said. The powder is mixed with a HDPE resincalcium leaving only over time from sunlight, 密度聚乙烯树脂), which __37__ (碳酸钙)behind. carbonateThe paper can be as thin as notebook paper or as thick as a cardboard paper and isKarst's $25. $10 to tear. difficult to The notebooks cost __38__ waterproof, andproducts are mainly sold through the company's website, but are also stocked in 100 stores, __39__ throughout Australia, the United States and the United Kingdom. “Over70% of the customers are US - based,”he said.The hope to have the notebooks in 1,000 stores by the end of the year. Garcia said they are now thinking about __40__ investors for the first time in order to scale up theirannual their makes or the to operations. They declined reveal how much company revenue./ 16/ 16 21 2111选10---2020年上海高考英语一模专题2020上海高三英语一模分类汇编31- 40 DGJHI KCFEA2020徐汇一模Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beMicroplastic PollutionIn the past few years, scientists have found microplastics in our soil, tap water, bottled water,beer and even in the air we breathe. And there's growing concern about the (31) ______ health risks they pose to humans.The new analysis in the UK have discovered microplastics widely (32) ______ across all 10lakes and rivers sampled. More than 1,000 small pieces of plastic per litre were found in the Riverin polluted year was which (33) ______ last as the most place tested worldwide. Even Tame, relatively remote places such as the Falls of Dochart and Loch Lomond in Scotland, two or three pieces per litre were found.Microplastics are not a (34) ______ kind of plastic, but rather any type of small pieces ofplastic that is less than 5 mm in length according to the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. They may (35) ______ from a variety of sources, including cosmetics, clothing,and industrial processes.。
上海市2024年高三英语二模专题汇编:十一选十(小猫钓鱼)

1.2024届上海市宝山区高三英语二模专题汇编:十一选十(小猫钓鱼) F.costly A.processG.crucial B.impacting H.highly C.appearance I.legal D.linked J.pause E.assessmentK.marketed Tobacco use and its negative impacts on health have been well-documented for decades.Traditional tobacco products,such as cigarettes,have been 31to a wide range of health problems,including cancer,heart disease,respiratory (呼吸的)disorders and others.According to a survey,78.3percent of smokers start smoking before age 20.Taiwan Province of China has raised the 32smoking age to 20or above.By instituting this change,they hope to reduce the number of young people taking up the habit.Despite being 33as a safe alternative to traditional cigarettes,heated tobacco products (HTPs)are stillconsidered tobacco.As such,they pose significant dangers to human health.The heating 34used in these products35addictive releases harmful chemicals and poisons,including tar (焦油),carbon monoxide and nicotine,a(n)substance.HTPs are packaged to appeal to young people who perceive them as safer than smoking.To prevent young people from experimenting with HTPs and36their health,Taiwan Province strictly controls every kind of tobacco product by adding a health risk 37review mechanism.Only products that pass the review process are allowed to be manufactured,imported and sold to consumers.The innumerable downsides to smoking should give smokers 38and encourage them to quit.Quitting tobacco improves your health and reduces your risk of various diseases,including cancer,heart disease,and breathing problems.Quitting smoking can also improve your 39.Tobacco use can cause wrinkles and yellow teeth.Quitting can lead tohealthier skin,whiter teeth and fresher breath.Smoking can also dull your senses of taste and smell.By stopping tobaccouse,your senses recover,leading to enhanced enjoyment of food and beverages.Unfortunately,quitting tobacco isn't easy.Most people will also encounter numerous challenges including nicotine withdrawal and symptoms such as eagerness,irritability (易怒)and difficulty concentrating.Supportive social for overcoming these things and living a smoke-freeenvironments,coping strategies and professional help are40 life.答案:31.D 32.I 33.K 34.A 35.H 36.B 37.E 38.J 39.C 40.G上海市2024年高三英语二模专题汇编:十一选十(小猫钓鱼)A.activateB.amountedparedD.energeticE.guidelinesF.identif yG.image H.influenced I.respects J.review K.substantialExercise Can Help Prevent Depression,Study FindsHow often do you exercise?A new31from researchers at the University of Cambridge shows that those who exercise are less likely to develop depression,even if they exercise less than the recommended amount.The Department of Health and Human Services recommends that adults engage in2.5to5hours of moderate activity per week or one hour and15minutes to2.5hours of32aerobic(有氧的)exercise per week or some combination of the two.Adults who took a walk for what33to2.5hours per week were less likely to develop depression than those who didn’t exercise at all,the study found.But even those who exercised less felt better than those who didn’t exercise at all,according to researchers.“In this study,a relatively small amount of physical activity were associated with a(n)34 decrease in risks of depression,”the study says.The researchers analyzed15studies with nearly200,000participants. Those who did about half the recommended amount of physical activity per week had an18%lower risk of depression 35with adults who did not exercise,the study says.Participants who exercised the recommended amount had a 25%lower risk of depression than those who did not.Exercising more than the recommended amount hardly36 depression risk,according to researchers.Many37of exercise can lead to improved mental health.For example,working out can increase circulation (血液循环)to the brain and38the central nervous system,leading to what many refer to as a“runners high,”the study says.More exercise can also lead to improved physical health and a better body39,which can cause a person to be more social,researchers say.Nearly5%of adults in the U.S.report regular feelings of depression,according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Among the study participants,researchers estimate that1in every9cases of depression might have been prevented had everyone met recommended exercise40,the study says.答案:31.J32.D33.B34.K35.C36.H37.I38.A39.G40.EA.floode dB.leapsC.increasinglybinesE.reflectsF.emphasizingG.pioneering H.crafted I.technical J.unexpectedly K.classicChinese animations(动画)are boomingThe“Black Cat Detective”,released40years ago,was a childhood favorite for many Chinese.Since then,Chinese cartoons have come a long way.While“Black Cat Detective”was simply drawn,current cartoons feature_____31_____ advances and fascinating plots.One example is“Boonie Bears:Time Twist”,a family-friendly adventure released in February,with smooth animation reminding us of Pixar,a_____32_____animation studio now owned by Disney.These recent_____33_____in quality have enabled Chinese cartoons to succeed at the domestic box office.“Ne Zha:Birth of the Demon Child”was the most well-received film in China in2019,_____34_____beating out“Avengers: Endgame”,a superhero movie by Marvel Studios.In the1960s,China’s animation industry saw a big downturn as American and Japanese films_____35_____into the Chinese market,dominating both domestic television and cinema screens.As a result,Chinese animators _____36_____began to work for western studios.However,things changed in2015with the release of“Monkey King: Hero is Back”,a breakthrough for Chinese animation.This film,based on the timeless_____37_____“Journey to the West”,signaled a new era of creativity and success in the industry.The main character,the Monkey King,is depicted(刻画)as going through a mid-life crisis,which_____38_____the director’s view that cartoons are not just for children.Light Chaser Animation,a Beijing-based studio,has contributed to the popularity of cartoons in China.Its production“30,000Miles from Chang’an”_____39_____elements of Chinese culture,history,and legends with aesthetic(美学的)feeling of Tang dynasty poetry.Indeed,traditional themes are widespread among successful Chinese animations,_____40_____the importance of traditional culture as a foundation for Chinese animation.Like other industries,cartoons in China are inspired by Western innovations but with added“Chinese characteristics”.答案:31-35IGBJA36-40CKEDFScience in Image sOyster mushrooms feature in cuisines around the world,but they should be offthe menu for hungry worms --which these delicious mushrooms will kill and eat.Nowresearchers finally know how they do it.A study published in Science Advances details how oyster mushrooms use aparticular poisonous substance to freeze and get rid of mushroom-eating roundworms called nematodes (线虫).The mushrooms,which grow on nutrient-poor dead wood,then 31the worms for nutrition.“Nematodes happen to be the most32animals these mushrooms encounter.So I think,33,this cross-kingdom interaction is very interesting,”says study senior author.The study team of geneticists,biochemists and biologists had previously found that oyster mushrooms release an unidentified poisonous substance that will somehow34the worms within minutes and cause a chemical element to flow into their cells,killing them.This35differs from those used by other meat-eating mushrooms and could be unique to oyster mushrooms.For their new work,the researchers grew and analyzed samples of the mushroom’s tissue,finding no noticeable poison even when they broke it up.They reasoned that whatever was killing the worms must be a kind of36compound that disappears into air when disturbed.When they damaged the oyster mushroom tissue again and 37analyzed the nearby air,they finally found a nerve gas that turned out to be contained with tiny,special-shaped structures on the mushroom surface.When nematodes touch the mushrooms,these structures 38their gas,disturbing the worms’cell walls to cause immobility and death.The worm is then digested by the mushrooms.Before this study,“we underestimated the 39to which wild mushrooms defend against or consume nematodes,”notes Nick Talbot,a geneticist at Sainsbury Laboratory in Norwich,England.The study demonstrates “a very 40approach,”he adds.“These organisms are really difficult to work on,and Dr.Hsueh is showing that you can do some really amazing work with them.”答案:31.B 32.C 33.E 34.G 35.H 36.K 37.J 38.D 39.F 40.IA.chaosB.consumeC.plentifulD.dischargeE.evolutionarilyF.extentG.freeze H.mechanism I.novel J.subsequently K.unstable Oyster mushroomOpenAI Unveils A.I.that Instantly Generates Eye-Popping VideosLast April,a New York start-up called Runway AI revealed technology that let people generate videos.The four-second videos were shadowy and disturbing.But they were a clear sign that artificial intelligence technologies would generate increasingly__31__videos sooner.Just10months later,OpenAI has revealed a similar system,Sora, that creates videos that look as if they were lifted from a Hollywood movie.OpenAI is among the many companies__32__to improve this kind of instant video generator.The technology could__33__the work of experienced moviemakers.It could also become a quick and inexpensive way of creating online__34__,making it even harder to tell what’s real on the internet.In an interview,the team behind the technology said the company was not yet releasing Sora to the public because it was still working to understand the system’s__35__.The intention here is to give a(n)__36__of what is likely to happen soon,so that people can see the capabilities of this technology.Like other generative A.I.technologies,OpenAI’s system learns by analyzing digital data—in this case,videos and subtitles describing what those videos contain.OpenAI declined to say how many videos the system learned from or where they came from,except to say the training included both__37__available videos and videos that were licensed from copyright holders.The company says little about the data used to train its technologies,most likely because it wants to__38__an advantage over competitors.Sora generates videos in__39__to short descriptions.Though the videos can be impressive,they may include strange and__40__images.The system,for example,recently generated a video of someone eating a cookie—but the cookie never got any smaller.答案:31-40AHJBC FGEIDThe Curious World of BatsNot all bats are unbelievably adorable,like the one below.Many of them have___31___faces and large ears that help them“see”in the dark,using echo location(回声定位).But all bats are,without adoubt,___32___creatures.Scientists are typically reluctant to___33___about bats because they make up sucha large and diverse group of winged animals.With nearly1,500species,bats___34___about one-fifth of all mammal(哺乳动物)species on Earth.But one thing that can be said about them as a group is that they are,in not-so-scientific terms,very odd.“They break all the___35___,”said Cori Lausen,a bat expert at the environmental group Wildlife Conservation Society Canada.Being able to fly is just one of their___36___,since mammals rarely fly.Apart from that,bats can also push their heart rate to extreme highs and lows—as slow as one beat per minute.Many bat species can go into a period of deep sleep,known as“torpor”,for a few hours a day or even for weeks to___37___energy when it’s cold or food is unavailable.And while most small mammals have short lives and lots of babies,some bats can live for two decades or more and typically have just one baby per year.For how much energy they need,it’s also surprising that many bat species,including most of those in the US,rely on insects alone for food.They have to eat ridiculous quantities of them.A mom that is___38___a baby can catch more than4,000insects in one night.Oddly,although bats can fly,they can’t easily take off from a(n)___39___position,like most birds and insects do. That’s one reason why they hang upside down—bats have to gain the momentum they need by falling.“For them,it’s not upside down,”Frick said.“It’s flight-side ready!”While bats remain highly understudied relative to birds and other mammals,scientists are___40___the alarm.In North America,more than half of all bat species are at risk of severe population decline.Climate change,they say, threatens to only speed up their extinction.答案:31-40BDIJK EAFCHWill AI allow humans to play a part?Rebecca used to have a regular job,translating a fashion brand’s website into German.One day a big change happened.The company(31)______to using machine translation.She kept the job,and it still paid the bills;however, she was now there to check and(32)______whatever was produced by the computer.But there was a complaint.“What it meant,(33)______,was that we humans were training a machine,”she says.Each corrected caption for a mid-priced T-shirt,each pair of skinny jeans,was a data point for the robot that was going to replace her.With the(34) ______of chat programs that can imitate humans,the world is now beginning to consider what the coming of artificial intelligence means.What will it do for our jobs if many once(35)______professions—law,accountancy,medicine—disappear?What does it mean to be a human when the thing that humans most(36)______—intelligence—has become the cheapest product on the planet?Translators,for good and ill,don’t have to wonder.“You can take the world of translators and interpreters as a(37)______of the world,”says Nicki Bone,chairwoman of the board of the Institute of Translating and Interpreting.Not all of them are adjusting.“Of course,we have our(38)______,”but she adds,“There are also opportunities,and optimists.”The speed of change,though,has been(39)______.Increasingly,says Bone,she and her colleagues are acting as editors of a machine’s first pass,rather than translators of the raw material.For some,that’s fine.“People will say,‘OK,instead of working at one rate for this number of words per hour,I’m working at many more words per hour,but for a much lower rate.’Some are happy to take on.Some won’t,as a matter of principle.”As we are(40)______at ChatGPT and its great ability to imitate human writing,translators are,compared with the rest of the professions,sensitive.Anyway,this technology is here to stay.答案:31~40KJAHI FGDCBA new way to reduce poachingResearchers are working on a pilot program backed by Russia’s Rosatom Corp to inject rhino horns(犀牛角)with radioactive material,a strategy that could discourage consumption and make it easier to detect illegal trade.Poachers(偷猎者)killed394rhinos in South Africa for their horns last year,government data shows,with public and private game__31__lacking the resources needed to monitor vast tracts of land and protect the animals that live there.While the toll was a third lower than in2019and the sixth__32__drop,illegal hunting remains the biggest threat to about20,000of the animals in the country—the world’s biggest population.Thousands of__33__sensors along international borders could be used to detect a small quantity of radioactive material__34__into the horns,according to James Larkin,a professor at the University of Witswatersrand in Johannesburg,who has a background in radiation protection and nuclear security.“A whole new__35__of people could be able to detect the illegal movement of rhino horn,”he said.Some alternate methods of discouraging poaching, including poisoning,dyeing and removing the horns,have raised a variety of opinions as to their virtue and efficacy.Known as The Rhisotope Project,the new anti-poaching__36__started earlier this month with the injection of an amino acid(氨基酸)into two rhinos’horns in order to detect whether the compound will move into the animals’bodies. Also,__37__studies using computer modeling and a replica rhino head will be done to determine a safe dose of radioactive material.Rhino horn is used in traditional medicine,as it is believed to cure disease such as cancer,__38__ as a show of wealth and given as gifts.“If we make it radioactive,these people will be hesitant to buy it,”Larkin said.“We’re pushing on the whole supply chain.”Besides Russia’s state-owned nuclear company,the University of Witwatersrand,scientists and private rhino owners are involved in the project.If the method is__39__feasible,it could also be used to curb illegal trade in elephant ivory.“Once we have developed the whole project and got to the point where we completed the proof of concept,then we will be making this whole idea__40__to whoever wants to use it,”Larkin said.答案:31-35DEKFA36-40IGCJBA.contrastB.instructe dC.concentratingD.potentialE.touchingF.playedG.better H.specialized I.spot J.follow K.tracing Unfamiliar Music May Help People Chat at PartiesIf you want your guests to be particularly sociable at an upcoming party,make sure you play music they probably haven’t heard before.To explore how background music affects the way we 31conversations,researchers Jane Brown and Gavin Bidelman conducted a study analyzing the brain activity of 31individuals aged 21and 33.During the experiment,participants listened to 72minutes of an audiobook (有声读物),which the pair used as a replacement for32on someone talking,while background music was accompanied by the audiobook for most of the time.For half of the experiment,the participants were asked to focus on 2-minute parts of an unfamiliar audiobook read by a man.The rest of the time,they were told to focus on four background songs,which were similarly33for 2minutes at a time.This34in voices aimed to assess participants’ability to shift attention between two distinctly different voices.During the experiment,all the participants wore35caps to monitor the electrical activity taking place in their brains.This 36of electrical activity was the key.It allowed Brown and Bidelman to discover how efficiently theseindividuals could focus on either the audiobook or the music when37to do so.The finding revealed that the participants could 38turn their attention to the audiobook if the background music was unfamiliar to them.Following the task,the participants completed a music perception survey evaluating their musical skills,such as the capacity to 39whether a pair of similar-sounding tunes are the same.Notably,those with lower musical scoresdemonstrated slower attentional shifts between songs and audiobooks,suggesting a(n)40link between musical ability and attention management skills.答案:31.J 32.C 33.F 35.H36.K 37.B 38.G 39.I 34.A 40.D上海市浦东新10.2024届区A.backfirepensateC.exten 小猫钓鱼高三英语二模专题汇编:十一选十()d D.impressive E.meaningfulF.measureG.needleH.overallI.perceiveJ.punishmentK.typicallyWhy You Shouldn’t Exercise to Lose WeightMany of us are lacing up our sneakers and starting(or restarting)exercise regimens(练身计划)in hopes of shedding unwanted pounds.Unquestionably,aiming to be more active is good.But if the main reason is to lose weight, your New Year’s resolution could very well__31__.For starters,exercise—at least the kind most of us do—is__32__ineffective for weight loss.Take walking,for example.A150-pound person who walks briskly for30minutes will burn,on average,around140calories.That’s equal to one can of soda—not exactly a great return on your investment of time and effort.It’s much easier just to skip the soda.Studies__33__show that doing moderate-intensity aerobic exercise such as walking for30minutes a day,five days a week—the amount recommended for good health—typically produces little or no weight loss by itself.When moderate exercise is added to diet,the results are equally not__34__.Pooling data from six trials, researchers found that a combination of diet and exercise generated no greater weight loss than diet alone after six months.In studies where exercise has produced__35__weight loss,participants burned at least400to500calories per session on five or more days a week.To achieve that,sessions need to go well beyond what most of us are willing or able to do.And even if we manage to exert that much effort,our bodies often__36__by boosting appetite and dialing down metabolism,effects that over time limit how many pounds we shed.Perhaps the biggest problem with exercising to drop pounds is that it turns physical activity into__37__.How many times have you heard someone say(or said yourself)“I’ll need to do extra exercise”after eating too much during the holidays or at a celebratory dinner?The point is that we’re more likely to__38__exercise positively and actually do it when we focus on our well-being rather than our weight.The incentive may be an improved mood or less stress.Others may find that exercise makes them feel physically and mentally stronger.Of course,the benefits of physical activity__39__well beyond these.It’s been shown to reduce the risk of multiple diseases.It can also improve sleep and boost energy.By all means,striving to exercise regularly in the new year is perhaps the most important thing you can do for your health.But to improve the odds of success,focus on how movement helps you feel better physically and emotionally—and forget about how it moves the__40__on the scale.答案:31-35AKHDE36-40BJICGA.empowersB.termedC.interactio nD.implicationsE.advancesF.questionG.obtainedH.additionallyI.pressureJ.currentlyK.definingA New Era of Creative PartnershipsIn a new paper in a Nature Human Behavior special issue on AI,researcher Janet Rafner from Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies and Center for Hybrid Intelligence at Aarhus University and Prof.Jacob Sherson,director of the Center for Hybrid Intelligence,together with international partners,discuss research and societal(31)______of creativity and AI.The team of researchers argue that we should direct our attention to understanding and developing co-creativity,the interaction between humans and machines towards what is(32)______a human-centered AI and hybrid intelligence. In this way we will be able to develop interfaces(界面)that at the same time ensure both high degrees of automatization through AI and human control and hereby supporting a relationship that best(33)______each other.Rafner comments:To date,most studies on human-AI co-creativity come from the field of human-computer(34) ______and focus on the abilities of the AI,and the interaction design and dynamics.While these(35)______are key for understanding the dynamics between humans and algorithms(算法)and human attitudes towards the co-creative process and product,there is an urgent need to enrich these applications with the insights about creativity(36)______over the past decades in the psychological sciences.“Right now,we need to move the conversation away from questions like Can AI be creative?One reason for this is that(37)______creativity is not set in stone.When investigating human only,machine only,and human-AI co-creativity,we need to consider the type and level of creativity under(38)______,from everyday creative activities that are perhaps more suitable to machine automatization to contributions that may require higher-level human intervention;(39)______,it is much more meaningful to consider some questions like,what are the similarities and differences in human cognition,behavior,motivation and self-efficacy(自我效能)between human-AI co-creativity and human creativity?”explains Rafner.We,(40)______,don’t know enough about co-creativity between humans and machines,because the line between humans and artificial intelligence isn’t always clear.Looking ahead,researchers should balance predictive accuracy with theoretical understanding,towards the goal of developing intelligent systems to both measure and enhance human creativity.答案:31-35D B A C E36-40G K F H JA.accompaniedB.allowedC.feasiblyD.fueledE.intensityF.optionG.promptingH.routin eI.surgically J.underlying K.variedBrain Signals for Lasting PainBrain signals that reveal how much pain a person is in have been discovered by scientists who say the work is a step towards new treatments for people living with lasting pain.It is the first time researchers have decoded the brain activity31patients’lasting pain.That has raised the hope that brain stimulation treatment already used for Parkinson’s and major depression can help those running out of any other32.“We’ve learned that lasting pain can be tracked and predicted in the real world,”said Prasad Shirvalkar,lead researcher on the project at the University of California.Lasting pain affects nearly28million adults in the UK alone,and the causes are33,ranging from cancer to back problems.That being the case,lasting pain has34a rise in taking powerful painkillers.But no medical treatments work well for the condition,35experts to call for a complete rethink in how health services handle patients with lasting pain.For the latest study,Shirvalkar and his colleagues36implanted electrodes(电极)into four patients with lasting pain hard to deal with after the loss of legs.The devices37the patients to record activity and collect data in two brain regions—the ACC and the OFC—at the press of one button on a remote handset.Several times a day,the volunteers were asked to complete short surveys on the38of pain,meaning how strong the pain was,and then record their brain activity.These scientists,armed with the survey responses and brain recordings,found they could use computers to predict a person’s pain based on the electrical signals in their OFC.“We found very different brain activity 39severe pain and have developed an objective biomarker for that kind of pain,”said Shirvalkar.The finding may explain,at least in part,why40painkillers are less effective for lasting pain.“The hope is that we can use the information to develop personalized brain stimulation treatment for the most severe forms of pain.”答案:31-35JFKDG36-40IBEAHA.conservationB.relocat eC.momentarilyD.programE.criticalF.initiativeG.ensureH.permanentlyI.additionalJ.reserveK.unexpectedA team of scientists led by Alejandro Arteaga,grantee of The Explorers ClubDiscovery Expeditions and researcher at Khamai Foundation,discovered three newcryptozoic(living underground)snakes dwelling under graveyards(墓地)and churchesin remote towns in the Andes region of Ecuador.It was an exploration that led to the most(31)_______of places.First published in the journal,Zookeys,Arteaga and his team named the smallbrown color-patterned snakes in honor of institutions or people supporting the exploration and(32)_______of remote cloud forests in the tropics.The Discovery Ground Snake(Atractus discovery)was found underground in a small graveyard.Two(33)_______ new species were found near an old church and inside a small school.Destruction of the snake's native forest habitat may have forced them to(34)_______to these people-less areas according to Arteaga's findings.Atractus discovery was named to honor The Explorers Club Discovery Expedition Grants(35)_______,a program seeking to foster scientific understanding for the betterment of humanity and all life on Earth and beyond.The grant program supports researchers and explorers from around the world in their quest to ease the climate change crisis, prevent the extinction of species and cultures,and(36)_______the health of the Earth and its inhabitants.Atractus zgap was named in honor of the Zoological Society for the Conservation of Species and Populations (ZGAP),a(n)(37)_______seeking to conserve unknown but highly endangered species and their natural environment.Atractus michaelsabini was named in honor of Michael Sabin,grandson of American philanthropist and conservationist Andrew Sabin.Through conservation organization Re:wild,the Sabin family has supported field research of threatened reptiles and has protected thousands of acres of(38)_______habitat throughout the world.“The discovery of these new snakes is only the first step towards a much larger conservation project,”says Arteaga.“We have already started the process of establishing a nature(39)_______to protect the ground snakes.This action would not have been possible without first unveiling the existence of these unique and cryptic reptiles,even if it meant (40)_______disturbing the peace of the dead in the graveyard where they lived.”答案:31-35KAIBF36-40GDEJC。
2020届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编--十一选十--老师版(纯净word带答案已校对终结版)

Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.How do Cigarettes Affect the Body?Cigarettes aren’t good for us. But how exactly do cigarettes harm us? Let’s look at what happens as their ingredients make their way through our bodies, and how we benefit (31) ______ when we finally give up smoking.Inside the airways and lungs, smoke increases the (32) ______ of infections as well as long-lasting diseases. It does this by damaging the tiny hair-like tissues which keep the airways clean. That’s one of the reasons smoking can lead to oxygen loss and (33) ______ of breath.Within about 10 seconds, the bloodstream carries a stimulant called nicotine to the brain, creating the (34) ______ sensations which make smoking highly addictive. Nicotine and other chemicals from the cigarette, at the same time, cause tightness of blood tubes, restricting blood flow. These effects on blood tubes lead to (35) ______ of blood tube walls, increasing the possibility of heart attacks and strokes.Many of the c hemicals inside cigarettes can activate dangerous (36) ______ in the body’s DNA that make cancers form. In fact, about one of every three cancer deaths in the United States is caused by smoking. And it’s not just lung cancer. Smoking can cause cancer in mu ltiple tissues and organs, as well as damaged eyesight and (37) ______ bones. It makes it harder for women to get pregnant. And in men, it can cause long-term damages of body functions.But for those who quit smoking, there’s a huge positive upside with al most (38) ______ and long-lasting physical benefits. A day after ceasing, heart attack risk begins to decrease as blood pressure and heart rates (39) ______. Lungs become healthier after about one month, with less coughing. After ten years, the chances of developing fatal lung cancer go down by 50%, probably because the body’s ability to repair DNA is once again restored.There’s no point pretending this is all easy to achieve. Quitting can lead to anxiety anddepression. But fortunately, such effects are usually (40) ______. Advice and support groups and moderate intensity exercise also help smokers stay cigarette-free. That’s good news, since quitting puts you and your body on the path back to health.Keys: 31-35 GCIAE 36-40 BKFJHSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.of its reports, the Asian Development Bank even stated that mobile data was a key to financial ___38___, as it could improve customer recording, and, in turn, get an access to credit.AI Combines with the Wisdom of the CrowdThe most common slogan in today’s tech headlines is the “artificial intelligence”. Readers are fascinated with how AI has the ___39___ to transform every consumer and enterprise (企业) industry. While such focus is appropriate that AI will ___40___ change the world, it leaves out a crucial element that will go hand-in-hand with its rise: the wisdom of the crowd.Keys: 31-35 BEGKA 36-40 JHCFDSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Criticism of the Fast FashionIn the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her. Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater was___31___ over the years from fashion shows to department stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl probably found her clothes.This top-down concept of the fashion business couldn’t be more out of date or in conflict with the mad world described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline’s three-year accusation of “fast fashion”. In the last decade or so,___32___ in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara, H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and predict demand more ___33___. Quicker turnarounds mean less wasted stock, more frequent release, and more profit. These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable—meant to lastonly a wash or two, although they don’t advertise that—and to ___34___ their wardrobe( 衣橱) every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have controlled fashion cycles, shaking an industry long ___35___ to a seasonal pace.The ___36___ of this revolution, of course, are not limited to designers. For H&M to offer a $5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-plus stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that ___37___ natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named Sarah Kate Beaumont, who since 2008 has made all of her own clothes—and beautifully. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example can’t be imitated.Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to ___38___ their impact on labor and the environment—including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line—Cline believes lasting change can only be made by customers. She exhibits the idealism ___39___ to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy. Vanity( 虚荣心) is a constant; People will only start shopping more ___40___ when they can’t afford not to.Keys:31-35 HBGIA 36-40 KEFDJSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Marketing the MoonAn astronaut, a little hop and a witty quote: Neil Armstrong’s first lunar(月球的)footstep is deep-rooted in the minds of all humankind. But that first moon landing might not have been such a(n) ___31___ moment if it weren’t for NASA’s clever PR (Public Relations) team.Richard Jurek is a marketing ___32___ and co-author of the book marketing the Moon: TheSelling of the Apollo Lunar Program. He says NASA’s move to real-time, open communication made the 1969 Apollo 11 landing “the first positive viral event that ___33___ the world’s attention.”Before NASA was established in 1958, rockets were the military’s territory; that secretiveness carried over into the space agency’s early days. At first, NASA followed a “fire in the tail” rule, only ____34____ a rocket’s launch when it was successfully in the air. But as the agency evolved, it started announcing more details about the Apollo program. It ____35____its astronauts, talked openly about mission goals and challenges, and shared launch times so people could watch. “If it had been run like it was under the military,” Jurek says, “we would not have had that sense of drama, that sense of involvement, that sense of wonder, that ____36____.” Instead, all the PR and press promotion in the years ahead of Apollo 11 brought the human spaceflight program into people’s living rooms and imaginations.As the drama neared its peak, NASA’s PR officials pushed for live TV broadcasts of the first humans to walk on the moon. Not everyone thought it was a good idea. The technology for live lunar broadcasts, and cameras small enough to keep the cargo ____37____, didn’t exist at the point. Some engineers worried that developing that equipment would ____38____ from efforts to achieve the landing itself. But NASA’s communications team argued that telling the story was as vital as the ____39____ itself. Live TV would bring the American people -- and international viewers -- along for the ride.Come landing day, which ____40____ fell on a Sunday, more than half a billion people worldwide crowded around TVs and radios for the historic moment. “We were able to come together and do something that was exciting and interesting and brought the world together,” s ays David Meer-man Scott, marketing strategist and co-author of Marketing the Moon. “I don’t know that we’ve done anything like that since.”Keys: 31-35 HFBIC 36-40 KGEADSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Microplastic PollutionIn the past few years, scientists have found microplastics in our soil, tap water, bottled water, beer and even in the air we breathe. And there’s growing concern about the 31 health risks they pose to humans.The new analysis in the UK have discovered microplastics widely 32 across all 10 lakes and rivers sampled. More than 1,000 small pieces of plastic per litre were found in the River Tame, which was 33 last year as the most polluted place tested worldwide. Even in relatively remote places such as the Falls of Dochart and Loch Lomond in Scotland, two or three pieces per litre were found.Microplastics are not a 34 kind of plastic, but rather any type of small pieces of plastic that is less than 5 mm in length according to the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. They may 35 from a variety of sources, including cosmetics, clothing, and industrial processes.Humans are known to 36 the tiny plastic particles through food and water, but the possible health effects on people and ecosystems have yet to be determined. One study, in Singapore, has found that microplastics can 37 harmful microbes (微生物).Research by the National University of Singapore found more than 400 types of bacteria on 275 pieces of microplastic collected from local beaches. They included insects that cause gastroenteritis (肠胃炎)and wound 38 in humans.“Microplastics are being found 39 everywhere but we do not know the harm they could be doing,” said Christian Dunn at Bangor University, Wales, who led the work. “It’s no use looking back in 20 years’ time and saying: ‘If only we’d realized just how bad it was.’ We need to be monitoring our waters now and we need to think, as a country and a world, how we can be reducing our 40 on plastic.”Keys: 31-35 GAKHI 36-40 DECBFSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Time: is there ever enough of it? In today's modern world, most of us are ___31___ with so-called time-saving devices and technological advancements and work less both at the office and at home. But why do we still feel busier?A study by Derek Thompson on the “myth" of being busy suggests that while ___32___ brought us convenience, it also brought us new headaches. Consider the idea of FOMO (fear of missing out). Knowing exactly what we're missing out makes us feel guilty or anxious about the ___33___ of our time and our ability to use it effectively.While being informed is important, it can lead to anxiety about keeping up with the times. If you find yourself unable to stop scrolling through Twitter, turn off the phone and take a mental break. Practice JOMO (joy of missing out), a(n) ___34___ on life that's a direct contradiction to FOMO. Get rid of feelings of guilt and “shoulds" and replace them with mindfulness and living in the moment.Another thing technology has ___35___ us is the blurring(难以区分)between work and downtime. While constant connection has made the workday much more flexible, it's also harder to turn off at the end of the day. Always being "on" is a(n) ___36___ state of mind. Consider putting a hard stop on media and electronic devices an hour or two before bed.Of course, if you want to move up the corporate ladder and get a bigger paycheck, working long hours has long been a ___37___ strategy. But if you don't have passion for your job or care about what you do, you might just be working yourself into more ___38___.People working the same hours feel completely different levels of time pressure depending on their passion. If most of the hours are spent doing something you don't feel ___39___ about, it's no wonder you start to feel out of control and anxious about your time. Taking back control of your time can ease this mental stress. Therefore, your time management goal shouldn't be to figureout how to do more, but ___40___ to figure out how to want less.Keys: 31-35 JAEHG 36-40 KIBFCSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Flood-hit Venice’s shrinking population faces mounting problems Venetians(威尼斯人) are fed up with what they see as inadequate respon ses to the city’s mounting problems: record-breaking flooding, environmental and safety threats from cruise ship traffic and the burden on services from over-tourism.They feel largely left to their own devices, with ever-fewer Venetians living in the historic part of the city to ___31___ its interests and keep it from becoming mainly a tourist land.The historic flooding this week---marked by three floods over 1.5 meters (nearly 5 feet) and the highest in 53 years at 1.87 meters(6 feet, 1 inch)---has ___32___ calls to create an administration that recognizes the uniqueness of Venice, for both its concentration of treasures and its ___33___ vulnerability.Flood damage has been ___34___ estimated at hundreds of millions of Euros (dollars), but the true range will only become clear with time. The frustration goes far beyond the failure to complete and ___35___ 78 underwater barriers that were designed to prevent just the kind of damage that Venice has ___36___ this week. With the system not yet completed or even ___37___ tested after 16 years of work and 5 billion Euros ($5.5 billion) invested, many are suspicious it will even work.At the public level, proposals for better administering the city including ___38___ some level of autonomy(自制) to Venice, already enjoyed by some Italian regions like Trentino-Alto-Adige with its German-speaking minority, or offering tax ___39___ to encourage Venice’s repopulation.Just 53,000 people live in the historic part of the city that tourists know as Venice, down by a third from a generation ago and dropping by about 1,000 people a year. That means fewer people watching the neighborhood, monitoring for public maintenance ___40___ or neighbors in need. Many leave because of the increased expense or the daily difficulties in living in a city of canals, which can make even a simple errand a hard journey.Keys: 31-35 BEAKJ 36-40 GCHFISection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Founding Father of China’s Nuclear ProgramUnder the terms of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (不扩散核武器条约), only five countries are considered to be “nuclear-weapon states.” China is one of them. This military achievement would have been ___31___ without the contribution of Deng Jiaxian, a leading organizer of China’s nuclear weapon programs.Deng went to the United States in 1948 for further study, and received a doctorate in physics two years later. Just nine days after graduation, the then 26-year-old returned to the newly-founded People’s Republic of China with ___32___ physics knowledge. He became a research fellow under the leadership of Qian Sanqiang and started his theoretical nuclear research in cooperation with Yu Min.From1958 on, Deng spent over 20 years working ___33___ with a team of young scientists on the development of China’s first atomic and hydrogen bombs. Originally, they were prepared to receive training by experts from the Soviet Union. Soon after, however, the Soviet government tore up its ___34___ with China and removed all its experts. Deng had to lead the team of 28 members with an average age of 23 on a mission to ___35___ the mysterious power of atomicphysics.There was ridicule (嘲笑) following the ___36___ of the Soviet experts that China wouldn’t be able to build an atomic bomb within 20 years. Deng said to his colleagues, “It is in the interest of the Chinese people to develop nuclear weapons. We must be willing to be unknown heroes for our lifetime. It is worth the risk of suffering, and it is worth our ___37___ to this cause.”As the leader of China’s atomic bomb design, Deng gave lessons himself and organized a team to translate and study the ___38___ foreign language materials. In the meantime, he never stopped thinking about the direction of atomic bomb development.Following the successful test of the first atomic bomb in 1964, Deng joined the research group led by Yu Min. They immediately started the design of the hydrogen bomb, which was ___39___ in 1967. From the first atomic bomb to the first hydrogen bomb, China spent only two years and eight months on development.Deng passed away in 1986 because of cancer. In the last month of his life, the 28-year secret experience of this great scientist was ___40___, and his reputation began to spread throughout China. In 1999, along with 22 other scientists, he was awarded the special prize of “Two Bombs, One Satellite Meritorious Medal” for his contribution to Chinese military s cience.Keys: 31-35 KFACG 36-40 IEBDHSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Stephen Hawking:The Extraordinary Scientist Who Changed Our Understanding of Physics There aren’t very many scientists who achieved rock star status. Stephen Hawking wasdefinitely one of them.Hawking was a theoretical physicist whose early work on black holes ___31___ how scientists think about the nature of the universe. Lawrence Krauss, a theoretical physicist from Arizona State University and a friend and colleague of Hawking's, says that at a young age. Hawking ___32___ something “truly remarkable”. Krauss says before Hawking, physicists thought that the large gravity of a black hole ___33___ everything in and nothing could escape. But by combining quantum mechanics (量子力学)and the theory of relativity, Hawking showed something and changed everything about the way we think about gravity. Krauss says Hawking pointed out a(n) ___34___ problem in the way physicists understand our world--a problem that Krauss says has yet to be resolved.But his fame wasn’t just a(n) ___35___ of his research. Hawking, who had a rare disease that made it impossible for him to move or speak, was also a popular public ___36___ and best-selling author. When he came to scientific conferences,the audience focused their attention on him. And it wasn’t just the scientists but the general public as well who showed great ___37___ for him. His popular book about his work, A Brief History of Time, was a best-seller. But he agreed that that book was probably the least-read, most-bought book ever. This showed Hawking's sense of humor.That sense of humor, along with his fame, ___38___ Hawking to appear on The Simpsons several times as well as on a number of other popular shows.Toward the end of his life, Hawking’s disease left him almost(瘫痪的).It look an enormous ___39___ for Hawking to communicate, using the tiny movements he could make to control a computer. It’s tempting to say that Hawking achieved his fame in spite of his ___40___ challenges.Keys: 31-35 DFAJC 36-40 HIBGESection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Autism Spectrum DisorderAutism Spectrum Disorder, or ASD, affects how people communicate with and relate to others. Most people with autism don’t understand some of the basic social ___31___ that others take for granted. They might have trouble making eye contact, holding a conversation, or recognizing gestures. And over one-third of people with ASD are nonverbal, meaning they don’t use speech. Along with communication ___32___, people with autism often like to follow certain patterns or __33__ behaviors. Many are sensitive to bright light or loud noises, and others have physical problems, like trouble walking or picking up small objects. Some have ___34___ disabilities, but about half have average or above ave rage IQs. It’s also common for people with autism to have a great long-term memory for certain details, and many excel in math, science, music, or art.With such a wide variety of symptoms, no two people with ASD are alike. The behaviors vary so much that they used to be ___35___ as different disorders. One was Asperger Syndrome, where people obsess over particular topics, ___36___nonverbal social cues, and may not understand appropriate social behaviors.Even though there’s no cure for ASD, therapy and medication can help people adjust. Scientists are also doing clinical ___37___ to find other solutions. They’ve learned that 1 out of every 68 children in the US has the disorder, but they still aren’t sure what causes it. No matter why it happens, ASD is being ___38___ at a higher rate every year. This doesn’t mean it’s becoming more common. It just means more people are aware of the condition and getting professional help early, and awareness is ___39___. The more we learn about autism, the more we can understand and relate to those who have it.It’s important to note that people with ASD deserve the same respect, fairness and chances that people without ASD receive. This will help people with ASD ___40___ and grow in our communities.Keys: 31-35 B G J F C 36-40 I K E D ASection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be usedIs it possible to make paper without trees? Australian businessmen Kevin Garcia and Jon Tse spent a year researching a possible ___31___ that could serve as a possible raw material for making paper. Then Garcia read about a Taiwanese company making commercial paper out of stone and a(n) ___32___ struck.A year later, in July 2017, they launched Karst Stone Paper. The company produces paper without using wood or water. Their source is stone waste ___33___ from construction sites and other industrial waste dumps.“If you look at the whole process of how paper is traditionally made, it ___34___ chopping trees, adding chemicals, using lots of water and then ___35___, drying and flattening it into sheets of paper,”said Garcia. “It contributes to high carbon emission and deforestation?”In 2019, Garcia estimates Karst’s paper production has helped save 540 large timber trees (成材木) from being deforested, 83,100 liters (21,953 gallons) of water from being used and 25,500 kilograms (56,218 pounds) of carbon dioxide from being ___36___.“We collect disposed limestone (石灰石) from wherever we can find it, wash it, and grind it into fine powder,” he said. The powder is mixed with a HDPE resin (高密度聚乙烯树脂), which ___37___ over time from sunlight, leaving only calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) behind.The paper can be as thin as notebook paper or as thick as a cardboard paper and is waterproof, ___38___ and difficult to tear. The notebooks cost $ 10 to $25. Karst's products are mainly sold through the company's website, but are also stocked in 100 stores, ___39___ throughout Australia, the United States and the United Kingdom. “Over 70% of the customers arc US-based?” he said.They hope to have the notebooks in 1,000 stores by the end of the year. Garcia said they are now thinking about ___40___ investors for the first time in order to scale tip their operations. They declined to reveal how much the company makes or their annual revenue.Keys: 31-35 DGJHI 36-40 KCFEASection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Bottle Found at Sea Used for Scientific PurposeCombing the beach for shells, sea glass, or colorful rocks is a leisure activity enjoyed by many. Some even use metal detectors to find buried treasure or other objects. Only the lucky few have ___31___ a message in a bottle that was dropped off by the tide. The tradition of putting a letter to an unknown recipient into a bottle and throwing it into the ocean has an interesting past. An early ___32___ use for the practice was revealed when the oldest recorded message in a bottle was found by Tonya on a beach near Wedge Island, Australia.Tonya was on a family outing when she noticed the antique glass bottle in the sand and thought it would make a nice ___33___. While she was cleaning the sandy gin bottle, a rolled up paper tied with a ___34___ fell out. The damp page was a message written in German and dated June 12, 1886. According to official documents from the German sailing vessels, Paula, a crew member tossed the bottle overboard a(n) ___35___ 950 km off the coast of Western Australia. Further research authenticated(验证)the letter, which had been sent afloat 132 years ago and is the oldest message in a bottle ever ___36___.Historians confirm that thousands of similar bottles were cast overboard by German ships between 1864 and 1933. And ___37___ inside were official documents written by the captain of the ship, ___38___ routes, coordinates, and other information. These early messages in a bottle were an attempt by the German Naval Observatory to map ocean ___39___ around the world.On the back of the notes were ___40___ to write the time and place the bottles were found and return them to the German Naval Observatory in Hamburg or the nearest German authorities. Using this information for reference was an early system of studying patterns in nature and thevast ocean in particular.Keys: 31-35 HEKAI 36-40 GBDFJSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.In between all the measures to battle the severe air pollution levels in Delhi, there’s one more option for you —a bar that has “pure air”. Delhi’s first-ever oxygen bar —named “Oxy Pure” —offers 15 minutes of 80-90 percent pure oxygen starting from Rs 299.The bar, ___31___ in May, also offers its customers several aromas(香味)to choose from that can be filled with oxygen. The aromas include lemongrass, cherry, mango and more.Customers are given a lightweight tube, used for supplementary oxygen ___32___. The device is placed near the customer’s nose through which they are advised to breathe in the aroma-filled oxygen.According to the aroma you choose, each session ___33___ to improve one’s sleep patterns and digestion, cure headaches and even claims to work as a remedy for ___34___.“I was passing by and saw that they were offering pure oxygen. I thought I would give it a try and went for the lemongrass flavour. It was ___35___,” Manjul Mehta, a customer at Oxy Pure told Delhi Daily.Speaking to Delhi Daily, Bonny Irengbam, senior sales assistant at the bar, said customers were ___36___ positively after a few sessions.“Some people, who try it for the first time, will feel relaxed and fresh. But only people who undergo the sessions regularly will get real ___37___ of the aroma,” he added. “Though we have regular customers, we don’t encourage back-to-back sessions, as ___38___ levels of oxygen in the body can make a person dizzy. It is ___39___ to do it once or twice a month or to stick with the10-15 minute sessions a day,” he said.Dr. Rajesh Chawla, a senior consultant in medicine said that though such sessions do not have any side-effects, it does not help in the long run either. “Even if you breathe in the so-called pure oxygen for two hours in a day, you will go back to breathing the polluted air for the rest of the 22 hours”, he said. He added that the concept is purely a(n) ___40___ move.Keys: 31-35 F H C K B 36-40 J A E I DSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Simba, everyone’s favorite baby lion, returns to movie theaters July 19th (in the U.S.). This time around, though, he will be much more ___31___ through the magic of CGL (电脑合成影像). The much-loved classic, The Lion King, will open for the 25th anniversary of the ___32___ movie.The 1994 film proved to be one of Hollywood’s best-loved vivid movies! It made almost US$970 million worldwide. The film went on to win numerous awards for its music and its later stage shows. Simba’s story opened on Broadway in 1997, followed by theatrical ___33___ around the world. Today, audiences on six continents have seen The Lion King ___34___ on stage. Now, more than 20 years later, it is still one of Broadway’s most popular shows.Great ___35___ is building for the new movie. Disney released its first official video clip during Thanksgiving Day football games last year. The trailer (预告片) was viewed more than 224 million times in the first 24 hours!The trailer was received very positively, especially because of its realism. Some fans, though, noticed that the clip of the new film was ___36___ the same as in the 1994 opening scene. One Disney executive quickly gave some ___37___. He said the movie kept the best of the original,。
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2020届高三英语一模16区(15份)十一选十(小猫钓鱼)汇编01. 黄浦区Beyond Mobile Money: The Future of Asia’s FinTechMobile money has been the hottest part in financial technology for the last few years. But FinTech is more than just how people store money and transact (交易)– the space is much more horizontal, shortcutting how we create, share, and protect value.The latest product of FinTech companies to ___31___ in Asia Pacific illustrates the many ways the space can help consumers beyond just their mobile wallet. It is important for all businesspersons to be aware of these trends, as their success opens up all sorts of possibilities for companies to ___32___ with them. And, on a much deeper level, new FinTechs may ___33___ consumer expectations in even other tech industries.The Smartphone Emerges as a Credit-Scoring StandardWith close to half a billion ___34___ consumers in Southeast Asia alone, there is an entire industry of FinTechs devoted to finding ways to accurately determine their credit-worthiness to give them ___35___ to finance. Unfortunately, since they don’t have bank accounts, such FinTechs cannot rely on___36___ financial information or credit card payments.One credit scoring source emerging as a new standard in the field is smartphone-based credit scoring. It has ___37___ broad global support, including from the likes of the World Bank. In one of its reports, the Asian Development Bank even stated that mobile data was a key to financial ___38___, as it could improve customer recording, and, in turn, get an access to credit.AI Combines with the Wisdom of the CrowdThe most common slogan in today’s tech headlines is the “artificial intelligence”. Readers are fascinated with how AI has the ___39___ to transform every consumer and enterprise(企业) industry. While such focus is appropriate that AI will ___40___ change the world, it leaves out a crucial element that will go hand-in-hand with its rise: the wisdom of the crowd.31-35 BEGKA 36-40 JHCFDSimba, everyone’s favorite baby lion, returns to movie theaters July 19th (in the U.S.). This time around, though, he will be much more 31 through the magic of CGL (电脑合成影像). The much-loved classic, The Lion King, will open for the 25th anniversary of the 32 movie.The 1994 film proved to be one of Hollywood’s best-loved vivid movies! It made almost US$970 million worldwide. The film went on to win numerous awards for its music and its later stage shows. Simba’s story opened on Broadway in 1997, followed by theatrical 33 around the world. Today, audiences on six continents have seen The Lion King34 on stage. Now, more than 20 years later, it is still one of Broadway’s most popular shows.Great 35 is building for the new movie. Disney released its first official video clip during Thanksgiving Day football games last year. The trailer (预告片) was viewed more than 224 million times in the first 24 hours!The trailer was received very positively, especially because of its realism. Some fans, though, noticed that the clip of the new film was 36 the same as in the 1994 opening scene. One Disney executive quickly gave some 37 . He said the movie kept the best of the original, while adding in some new elements.One thing that excited many viewers was the 38 of a very familiar voice. James Earl Jones, with his famous low but strong voice, has returned as Simba’s father Mufasa. Jones is the only one of the original voice actors to return in the new film.Many well-known people provide character voices, including popstar Beyonce and actor Seth Rogan. Director Jon Favreau expressed his excitement over 39 his all-star cast to such a great story. “It’s a director’s dream to 40 a talented team... to bring this classic story to life.”31. E 32. K 33. A 34. I 35. B 36. C 37. H 38. D 39. J 40. FStephen Hawking: The Extraordinary Scientist Who Changed Our Understanding of Physics There aren’t very many scientists who achieved rock star status. Stephen Hawking was definitely one of them.Hawking was a theoretical physicist whose early work on black holes 31 how scientists think about the nature of the universe. Lawrence Krauss, a theoretical physicist from Arizona State University and a friend and colleague of Hawking’s, says that at a young age, Hawking 32 something “truly remarkable”. Krauss says before Hawking, physicists thought that the large gravity of a black hole 33 everything in and nothing could escape. But by combining quantum mechanics (量子力学) and the theory of relativity, Hawking showed something and changed everything about the way we think about gravity. Krauss says Hawking pointed out a(n) 34 problem in the way physicists understand our world—a problem that Krauss says has yet to be resolved.But his fame wasn’t just a(n) 35 of his research. Hawking, who had a rare disease that made it impossible for him to move or speak, was also a popular public 36 and best-selling author. When he came to scientific conferences, the audience focused their attention on him. And it wasn’t just the scientists but the general public as well who showed great 37 for him. His popular book about his work, A Brief History of Time, was a best-seller. But he agreed that that book was probably the least-read, most-bought book ever. This showed H awking’s sense of humor.That sense of humor, along with his fame, 38 Hawking to appear on The Simpsons several times—as well as on a number of other popular shows.Toward the end of his life, Hawking’s disease left him almost paralyzed (瘫痪的). It took an enormous 39 for Hawking to communicate, using the tiny movements he could make to control a computer. It’s tempting to say that Hawking achieved his fame in spite of his 40 challenges.31. D 32. F 33. A 34. J 35. C 36. H 37. I 38. B 39. G 40. EIs it possible to make paper without trees? Australian businessmen Kevin Garcia and Jon Tse spent a year researching a possible ___31___ that could serve as a possible raw material for making paper. Then Garcia read about a Taiwanese company making commercial paper out of stone and a(n) ___32___ struck.A year later, in July 2017, they launched Karst Stone Paper. The company produces paper without using wood or water. Their source is stone waste ___33___ from construction sites and other industrial waste dumps.“If you look at the whole process of h ow paper is traditionally made, it ___34___ chopping trees, adding chemicals, using lots of water and then ___35___, drying and flattening it into sheets of paper,” said Garcia. “It contributes to high carbon emission and deforestation.”In 2019, Garcia es timates Karst’s paper production has helped save 540 large timber trees(成材木) from being deforested, 83,100 liters (21,953 gallons) of water from being used and 25,500 kilograms (56,218 pounds) of carbon dioxide from being ___36___.“We collect disposed limestone (石灰石) from wherever we can find it, wash it, and grind it into fine powder,” he said. The powder is mixed with a HDPE resin (高密度聚乙烯树脂), which ___37___ over time from sunlight, leaving only calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) behind.The paper can be as thin as notebook paper or as thick as a cardboard paper and is waterproof, ___38___ and difficult to tear. The notebooks cost $10 to $25. Karst’s products are mainly sold through the company’s website, but are also stocked in 100 stores, ___39___ throughout Aust ralia, the United States and the United Kingdom. “Over 70% of the customers are US-based,” he said.They hope to have the notebooks in 1,000 stores by the end of the year. Garcia said they are now thinking about ___40___ investors for the first time in order to scale up their operations. They declined to reveal how much the company makes or their annual revenue.31----40. DGJHI KCFEAHow do Cigarettes Affect the Body?Cigarettes aren’t good for us. But how exactly do cigarettes harm us? Let’s look at what happens as their ingredients make their way through our bodies, and how we benefit (31) ______ when we finally give up smoking.Inside the airways and lungs, smoke increases the (32) ______ of infections as well as long-lasting diseases. It does this by damaging the tiny hair-like tissueswhich keep the airw ays clean. That’s one of the reasons smoking can lead to oxygen loss and (33) ______ of breath.Within about 10 seconds, the bloodstream carries a stimulant called nicotine to the brain, creating the (34) ______ sensations which make smoking highly addictive. Nicotine and other chemicals from the cigarette, at the same time, cause tightness of blood tubes, restricting blood flow. These effects on blood tubes lead to (35) ______ of blood tube walls, increasing the possibilityof heart attacks and strokes.Man y of the chemicals inside cigarettes can activate dangerous (36) ______ in the body’s DNA that make cancers form. In fact, about one of every three cancer deaths in the United States is caused by smoking. And it’s not just lung cancer. Smoking can cause cancer in multiple tissues and organs, as well as damaged eyesight and (37) ______ bones. It makes it harder for women to get pregnant. And in men, it can cause long-term damages of body functions.But for those who quit smoking, there’s a huge positive upsi de with almost (38) ______ and long-lasting physical benefits. A day after ceasing, heart attack risk begins to decrease as blood pressure and heart rates (39) ______. Lungs become healthier after about one month, with less coughing. After ten years, the chances of developing fatal lung cancer go down by 50%, probably because the body’s ability to repair DNA is once again restored.There’s no point pretending this is all easy to achieve. Quitting can lead to anxiety and depression. But fortunately, such effects are usually (40) ______. Advice and support groups and moderate intensity exercise also help smokers stay cigarette-free. That’s good news, since quitting puts you and your body on the path back to health.31. G 32. C 33.I 34.A 35.E 36.B 37.K 38.F 39.J 40. HMicroplastic PollutionIn the past few years, scientists have found microplastics in our soil, tap water, bottled water, beer and even in the air we breathe. And there’s growing concern about the _____31_____ health risks they pose to humans.The new analysis in the UK have discovered microplastics widely _____32_____ across all 10 lakes and rivers sampled. More than 1,000 small pieces of plastic per litre were found in the River Tame, which was _____33_____ last year as the most polluted place tested worldwide. Even in relatively remote places such as the Falls of Dochart and Loch Lomond in Scotland, two or three pieces per litre were found.Microplastics are not a _____34_____ kind of plastic, but rather any type of small pieces of plastic that is less than5 mm in length according to the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. They may _____35_____ froma variety of sources, including cosmetics, clothing, and industrial processes.Humans are known to _____36_____ the tiny plastic particles through food and water, but the possible health effects on people and ecosystems have yet to be determined. One study, in Singapore, has found that microplastics can _____37_____ harmful microbes (微生物).Research by the National University of Singapore found more than 400 types of bacteria on 275 pieces of microplastic collected from local beaches. They included insects that cause gastroenteritis (肠胃炎) and wound _____38_____ in humans.“Microplastics are being found_____39_____ everywhere but we do not know the harm they could be doing,” said Christian Dunn at Bangor University, Wales, who led the work. “It’s no use looking back in 20 years’ time and saying: ‘If only we’d realized just how bad it was.’ We need to be monitoring our waters now and we need to think, as a country and a world, how we can be reducing our _____40_____ on plastic.”31-40 GAKHI DECBFEmphasizing social play in kindergarten improves academicsEmphasizing social play and students helping one another in kindergarten improves academic outcomes, self-control and attention regulation, finds new UBC research. The study, published in the journal PLoS One, found this approach to kindergarten curriculum also ____31____children’s joy in learning and teachers’ enjoyment of teaching.“Before children have the ability to sit for long periods ____32____information, they need to be allowed to be ____33____and be encouraged to learn by doing,” said Dr. Adele Diamond, the study’s lead author. “Indeed, people of a ll ages learn better by doing than by being told.”Through a controlled experiment, Diamond and her colleagues ____34____the effectiveness of a curriculum called Tools of the Mind (Tools). The curriculum was introduced to willing kindergarten teachers and 351 children with different backgrounds in 18 public schools.Tools was developed in 1993 by two American researchers. Its basic ____35____is that social-emotional development and improving self-control is as important as teaching academic skills and content. The Tools ____36____ the role of social play in developing skills such as self-control, selective attention and planning. “Skills like self-control and selective attention are necessary for learning. They are often more strongly associated with school readiness (入学准备) than intelligence quotient (IQ),” said Diamond. “This experiment is the first to show ____37____ of a curriculum emphasizing social play.”Teachers reported more ____38____ behavior and greater sense of community in Tools classes. Late in the school year, Tools teachers reported they still felt ____39____ and excited about teaching, while teachers in the control group were exhausted. “I have enjoyed seeing the ____40____ progress my students ha ve made in writing and reading.” said a Tools teacher in Vancouver. “I have also enjoyed seeing the students get so excited about coming to school and learning. They loved all the activities so much that many students didn’t want to miss school, even if they were sick.”31—35:GHFJB 36—40: AIDECIn between all the measures to battle the severe air pollution levels in Delhi, there’s one more option for you — a bar that has “pure air”. Delhi’s first-ever oxygen bar —named “Oxy Pure” — offers 15 minutes of 80-90 percent pure oxygen starting from Rs 299.The bar, __31__ in May, also offers its customers several aromas(香味)to choose from that can be filled with oxygen. The aromas include lemongrass, cherry, mango and more.Customers are given a lightweight tube, used for supplementary oxygen __32__. The device is placed near the customer’s nose through which they are advised to breathe in the aroma-filled oxygen.According to the aroma you choose, each session __33__ to improve one’s sleep patterns and digestion, cure headaches and even claims to work as a remedy for __34__.“I was passing by and saw that they were offering pure oxygen. I thought I would give it a try and went for the lemongrass flavour. It was __35__,” Manjul Mehta, a customer at Oxy Pure told Delhi Daily.Speaking to Delhi Daily, Bonny Irengbam, senior sales assistant at the bar, said customers were __36__ positively after a few sessions.“Some people, who try it for the first time, will feel relaxed and fresh. But only people who undergo the sessions regu larly will get real __37__ of the aroma,” he added. “Though we have regular customers, we don’t encourage back-to-back sessions, as __38__ levels of oxygen in the body can make a person dizzy. It is __39__ to do it once or twice a month or to stick with the 10-15 minute sessions a day,” he said.Dr. Rajesh Chawla, a senior consultant in medicine said that though such sessions do not have any side-effects, it does not help in the long run either. “Even if you breathe in the so-called pure oxygen for two hours in a day, you will go back to breathing the polluted air for the rest of the 22 hours”, he said. He added that the concept is purely a(n) __40__ move.31-40 F H C K B J A E I DBottle Found at Sea Used for Scientific PurposeCombing the beach for shells, sea glass, or colorful rocks is a leisure activity enjoyed by many. Some even use metal detectors to find buried treasure or other objects. Only the lucky few have ___31___ a message in a bottle that was dropped off by the tide. The tradition of putting a letter to an unknown recipient into a bottle and throwing it into the ocean has an interesting past. An early ___32___ use for the practice was revealed when the oldest recorded message in a bottle was found by Tonya on a beach near Wedge Island, Australia.Tonya was on a family outing when she noticed the antique glass bottle in the sand and thought it would make a nice ___33___. While she was cleaning the sandy gin bottle, a rolled up paper tied with a ___34___ fell out. The damp page was a message written in German and dated June 12, 1886. According to official documents from the German sailing vessels, Paula, a crew member tossed the bottle overboard a(n) ___35___ 950 km off the coast of Western Australia. Further research authenticated(验证)the letter, which had been sent afloat 132 years ago and is the oldest message in a bottle ever ___36___.Historians confirm that thousands of similar bottles were cast overboard by German ships between 1864 and 1933. And ___37___ inside were official documents written by the captain of the ship, ___38___ routes, coordinates, and other information. These early messages in a bottle were an attempt by the German Naval Observatory to map ocean ___39___ around the world.On the back of the notes were ___40___ to write the time and place the bottles were found and return them to the German Naval Observatory in Hamburg or the nearest German authorities. Using this information for reference was an early system of studying patterns in nature and the vast ocean in particular.31. H 32. E 33. K 34. A 35. I 36. G 37. B 38. D 39. F 40. J10. 长宁、金山区Marketing the MoonAn astronaut, a little hop and a witty quote: Neil Armstrong’s first lunar (月球的) footstep is deep-rooted in the minds of all humankind. But that first moon landing might not have been such a(n) 31 moment if it weren’t for NASA’s clever PR (Public Relat ions) team.Richard Jurek is a marketing 32 and co-author of the book Marketing the Moon: The Selling of the Apollo Lunar Program. He says NASA’s move to real-time, open communication made the 1969 Apollo 11 landing “the first positive viral event that 33 the world’s attention.”Before NASA was established in 1958, rockets were the military’s territory; that secretiveness carried over into the space agency’s early days. At first, NASA followed a “fire in the tail” rule, only 34 a rocket’s launc h when it was successfully in the air. But as the agency evolved, it started announcing more details about the Apollo program. It 35 its astronauts, talked openly about mission goals and challenges, and shared launch times so people could watch. “If it had been run like it was under the military,” Jurek says, “we would not have had that sense of drama, that sense of involvement, that sense of wonder, that 36 .” Instead, all the PR and press promotion in the years ahead of Apollo 11 brought the human spaceflight program into people’s living rooms and imaginations.As the drama neared its peak, NASA’s PR officials pushed for live TV broadcasts of the first humans to walk on the moon. Not everyone thought it was a good idea. The technology for live lunar broadcasts, and cameras small enough to keep the cargo 37 , didn’t exist at that point. Some engineers worried that developing that equipment would 38 from efforts to achieve the landing itself. But NASA’s communications team argued that telling th e story was as vital as the 39 itself. Live TV would bring the American people—and international viewers—along for the ride.Come landing day, which 40 fell on a Sunday, more than half a billion people worldwide crowded around TVs and radios for th e historic moment. “We were able to come together and do something that was exciting and interesting and brought the world together,” says David Meerman Scott, marketing strategist and co-author of Marketing the Moon. “I don’t know that we’ve done anything like that since.”31-35 HFBIC 36-40 KGEAD11. 浦东新区Criticism of the Fast FashionIn the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her. Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater was ____31____ over the years from fashion shows to departments stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl probably found her clothes.This top-down concept of the fashion business couldn’t be more out of date or in conflict with the mad world described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline’s three-year accusation of “fast fashion”. In the last decade or so, ____32____ in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara, H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and predict demand more ____33____. Quicker turnarounds mean less wasted stock, more frequent release, and more profit. These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable—meant to last only a wash or two, although they don’t advertise that—and to ____34____ their wardrobe (衣橱) every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have controlled fashion cycles, shaking an industry long ____35____ to a seasonal pace.The ____36____ of this revolution, of course, are not limited to designers. For H&M to offer a $5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-plus stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that ____37____ natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named Sarah Kate Beaumont, who since 2008 has made all of her own clothes — and beautifully. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example can’t be imitated.Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to ___38___ their impact on labor and the environment —including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line —Cline believes lasting change can only be made by customers. She exhibits the idealism ___39___ to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy. Vanity (虚荣心) is a constant; people will only start shopping more ___40___ when they can’t afford not to.31-40 HBGIA KEFDJFounding Father of China’s Nuclear ProgramUnder the terms of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (不扩散核武器条约), only five countries are considered to be “nuclear-weapon states.” China is one of them. This military achievement would have been __31__ without the contribution of Deng Jiaxian, a leading organizer of China’s nuclear weapon programs.Deng went to the United States in 1948 for further study, and received a doctorate in physics two years later. Just nine days after graduation, the then 26-year-old returned to the newly-founded People’s Republic of China with __32__ physics knowledge. He became a research fellow under the leadership of Qian Sanqiang and started his theoretical nuclear research in cooperation with Yu Min.From1958 on, Deng spent over 20 years working __33__ with a team of young scientists on the development of China’s first atomic and hydrogen bombs. Originally, they were prepared to receive training by experts from the Soviet Union. Soon after, however, the Soviet government tore up its __34__ with China and removed all its experts. Deng had to lead the team of 28 members with an average age of 23 on a mission to __35__ the mysterious power of atomic physics.There was ridicule(嘲笑) following the __36__ of the Soviet experts that China wouldn’t be able to build an atomic bomb within 20 years. Deng said to his colleagues, “It is in the interest of the Chinese peo ple to develop nuclear weapons. We must be willing to be unknown heroes for our lifetime. It is worth the risk of suffering, and it is worth our __37__ to this cause.”As the leader of China’s atomic bomb design, Deng gave lessons himself and organized a team to translate and study the __38__ foreign language materials. In the meantime, he never stopped thinking about the direction of atomic bomb development.Following the successful test of the first atomic bomb in 1964, Deng joined the research group led by Yu Min. They immediately started the design of the hydrogen bomb, which was __39__ in 1967. From the first atomic bomb to the first hydrogen bomb, China spent only two years and eight months on development .Deng passed away in 1986 because of cancer. In the last month of his life, the 28-year secret experience of this great scientist was __40__, and his reputation began to spread throughout China. In 1999, along with 22 other scientists, he was awarded the special prize of “Two Bombs, One Satellite Meritorious Medal” for his contribution to Chinese military science.31-40 KFACG IEBDHTime: is there ever enough of it? In today’s modern world, most of us are 31 with so-called time-saving devices and technological advancements and work less both at the office and at home. But why do we still feel busier?A study by Derek Thompson on t he “myth” of being busy suggests that while 32 brought us convenience, it also brought us new headaches. Consider the idea of FOMO (fear of missing out). Knowing exactly what we’re missing out makes us feel guilty or anxious about the 33 of our time and our ability to use it effectively.While being informed is important, it can lead to anxiety about keeping up with the times. If you find yourself unable to stop scrolling through Twitter, turn off the phone and take a mental break. Practice JOMO (joy of missing out), a(n) 34 on life that’s a direct contradiction to FOMO. Get rid of feelings of guilt and “shoulds” and replace them with mindfulness and living in the moment.Another thing technology has 35 us is the blurring (难以区分) between work and downtime. While constant connection has made the workday much more flexible, it’s also harder to turn off at the end of the day. Always being “on” is a(n) 36 state of mind. Consider putting a hard stop on media and electronic devices an hour or two before bed.Of course, if you want to move up the corporate ladder and get a bigger paycheck, working long hours has long been a 37 strategy. But if you don’t have passion for your job or care about what you do, you might just be working yourself into more 38 .People working the same hours feel completely different levels of time pressure depending on their passion. If most of the hours are spent doing something you don’t feel39 about, it’s no wonder you start to feel out of control and anxio us about your time. Taking back control of your time can ease this mental stress. Therefore, your time management goal shouldn’t be to figure out how to do more, but 40 to figure out how to want less.31. J 32. A 33. E 34. H 35. G 36. K 37. I 38. B 39. F 40. CAutism Spectrum DisorderAutism Spectrum Disorder, or ASD, affects how people communicate with and relate to others. Most people with autism don’t understand some of the basic social __31__ that others take for granted. They might have trouble making eye contact, holding a conversation, or recognizing gestures. And over one-third of people with ASD are nonverbal, meaning they don’t use speech. Along with communication __32__, people with autism often like to follow certain patterns or __33__ behaviors. Many are sensitive to bright light or loud noises, and others have physical problems, like trouble walking or picking up small objects. Some have __34__ disabilities, but about half have average or above average IQs. It’s also common for people with autism to have a great long-term memory for certain details, and many excel in math, science, music, or art.With such a wide variety of symptoms, no two people with ASD are alike. The behaviors vary so much that they used to be __35__ as different disorders. One was Asperger Syndrome, where people obsess over particular topics, __36__nonverbal social cues, and may not understand appropriate social behaviors.Even though there’s no cure for ASD, therapy and medication can help people adjust. Scientists are also doing clinical __37__ t o find other solutions. They’ve learned that 1 out of every 68 children in the US has the disorder, but they still aren’t sure what causes it. No matter why it happens, ASD is being __38__ at a higher rate every year. This doesn’t mean it’s becoming more c ommon. It just means more people are aware of the condition and getting professional help early, and awareness is __39__. The more we learn about autism, the more we can understand and relate to those who have it.It’s important to note that people with A SD deserve the same respect, fairness and chances that people without ASD receive. This will help people with ASD __40__ and grow in our communities.31-40 B G J F C I K E D A。