2010考试说明单词讲解A
2010年浙江省普通高考考试说明英语

语法项目表1.名词(1)可数名词及其单复数(2)不可数名词(3)专有名词(4)名词所有格2.代词(1)人称代词(2)物主代词(3)反身代词(4)指示代词(5)不定代词(6)疑问代词3.数词(1)基数词(2)序数词4.介词和介词短语5.连词6.形容词(比较级和最高级)7.副词(比较级和最高级)8.冠词9.动词(1)动词的基本形式(2)系动词(3)及物动词和不及物动词(4)助动词(5)情态动词10.时态(1)一般现在时(2)一般过去时(3)一般将来时(4)现在进行时(5)过去进行时(6)过去将来时(7)将来进行时(8)现在完成时(9)过去完成时(10)现在完成进行时11.被动语态12.非谓语动词(1)动词不定式(2)动词的-ing形式(3)动词的-ed形式13.构词法(1)合成法(2)派生法(3)转化法(4)缩写和简写14.句子种类(1)陈述句(2)疑问句(3)祈使句(4)感叹句15.句子成分(1)主语(2)谓语(3)表语(4)宾语(5)定语(6)状语(7)补语16.简单句的基本句型17.主谓一致18.并列复合句19.主从复合句(1)宾语从句(2)状语从句(3)定语从句(4)主语从句(5)表语从句20.间接引语21.省略22.倒装23.强调24.虚拟语气附录3功能意念项目表1.社会交往(Social Communication)(1)问候(Greetings)(2)介绍(Introduction)(3)告别(Farewells)(4)感谢(Thanks)(5)道歉(Apologies)(6)邀请(Invitation)(7)请求允许(Asking for permission)(8)祝愿和祝贺(Expressing wishes and congratulations)(9)提供帮助(Offering help)(10)接受和拒绝(Acceptance and refusal)(11)约会(Making appointments)(12)打电话(Making telephone calls)(13)就餐(Having meals)(14)就医(Seeing the doctor)(15)购物(Shopping)(16)问路(Asking the way)(17)谈论天气(Talking about weather)(18)语言交际困难(Language difficulties in communication)(19)提醒注意(Reminding)(20)警告和禁止(Warning and prohibition)(21)劝告(Advice)(22)建议(Suggestions)2.态度(Attitudes)(24)喜欢和不喜欢(Likes and dislikes)(23)同意和不同意(Agreement and disagreement)(25)肯定和不肯定(Certainty and uncertainty)(26)可能和不可能(Possibility andimpossibility)(27)能够和不能够(Ability and inability)(28)偏爱和优先选择(Preference)(29)意愿和打算(Intentions and plans)(30)希望和愿望(Hopes and wishes)(31)表扬和鼓励(Praise and encouragement)(32)责备和抱怨(Blame and complain)(33)冷淡(Indifference)(34)判断与评价(Judgement and evaluation)3.情感(Emotions)(35)高兴(Happiness)(36)惊奇(Surprise(37)忧虑(Worries)(38)安慰(Reassurance)(39)满意(Satisfaction)(40)遗憾(Regret)(41)同情(Sympathy)(42)恐惧(Fear)(43)愤怒(Anger)4.时间(Time)(44)时刻(Point of time)(45)时段(Duration)(46)频度(Frequency)(47)时序(Sequence)5.空间(Space)(48)位置(Position)(49)方向(Direction)(50)距离(Distance)6.存在(Existence)(51)存在与不存在(Existence and non-existence)7.特征(Features)(52)形状(Shape)(53)颜色(Colour)(54)材料(Materia(55)价格(Price)(56)规格(Size)(57)年龄(Age)8.计量(Measurement)(58)长度(Length)(59)宽度(Width)(60)高度(Height)(61)数量(Number)9.比较(Comparison)(62)同级比较(Equal Comparison)(63)差别比较(Comparative and superlative)(64)相似和差别(Similarity and difference)10.逻辑关系(Logical relations)(65)原因和结果(Cause and effect)(66)目的(Purpose)11.职业(Occupations)(67)工作(Jobs)(68)单位(Employer)附录4话题项目表1.个人情况(Personal information)2.家庭、朋友与周围的人(Family, friends, and people around)3.周围环境(Personal environments)4.日常活动(Daily routines)5.学校生活(School life)6.兴趣与爱好(Interests and hobbies)7.个人感情(Emotions)8.人际关系(Interpersonal relationships)9.计划与愿望(Plans and intentions)10.节假日活动(festivals, holidays and celebrations)11.购物(Shopping)12.饮食(Food and drink)13.健康(Health)14.天气(Weather)15.文娱与体育(Entertainment and sports)16.旅游和交通(Travel and transport)17.语言学习(Language learning)18.自然(Nature)19.世界与环境(The world and environment)20.科普知识与现代技术(Popular science and modern technology)21.热点话题(Topical issues)22.历史与地理(History and geography)23.社会(Society)24.文学与艺术(Literature and art)附录5词汇表Aa (an) art.ability n.able a.aboard prep. & ad.about ad. & prep.above prep., a. & ad. abroad ad.absent a. absolutely ad. absorb v.accent n.accept v.access n.accident n. account n. & v. accurate a. accuse v. accustomed a. ache v. & n. achieve v. achievement n. acknowledge v. acquire v.across prep.act n. & v.action n.active a.activity n.actor/actress n. actual a.adapt v.add v.addition n.address n.admire v. admission n.admit v.adopt v.adult n. & a. advance v. & n. advantage n. adventure n. advertise v. advertisement (ad) n. advice n.advise vaffair n.affect v.afford v. afraid a.Africa n.African a. & n.after ad., prep. & conj.afternoon n.afterward(s) ad.again ad.against prep.age n.agency n.agent n.aggressive a.ago ad.agree v.agreement n.agriculture n.ahead ad.aid n.aim n. & v.air n.aircraft n.airline n.airport n.alarm n. & v.album n.alcohol n.alike ad.alive a.all ad., a. & pron.allow v.almost ad.alone a.along ad. & prep.aloud ad.already ad.also ad.although conj.altogether ad.always ad.a.m./am. AM./AM n.amaze v.amazing a.ambition n.ambulance n.America n.among prep.amount n. & v.amuse v.analyse (Am. analyze)v.analysis n.ancestor n.ancient a.and conj.anger n.angle n.angry a.animal n.anniversary n.announce v.annoy v.annual a.another a. & pron.answer n. & v.anxiety n.anxious a.any pron. & a.anybody pron.anyhow ad.anyone pron.anything pron.anyway ad.anywhere ad.apart ad. & a.apartment n.apologize v.appeal v. & n.appear v.appearance n.appetite n.applaud v. & n.apple n.application n.apply v.appoint v.appointment n.appreciate v.approach n. & v.appropriate a. approve v.area n.argue v. argument n.arm n. & v. armchair n.army n.around ad. & prep. arrange v.arrest v.arrive v.art n.article n.artist n.as ad., conj. & prep. Ash n.ashamed a.Asia n.Asian a. & n.ask v.asleep a.aspect n.assess v.assist v.assistant n. association n. astonish v.at prep.athlete n. atmosphere n. attach v.attack v. & n. attempt v. & n. attend v.attention n. attitude n.attract v.attractive a. audience n.aunt n.author n.authority n. automatic a. autumn n.available a.avenue n.average a. & n.avoid v.awake (awoke, awoken)v. & a.award n. & v.aware a.away ad.awful a.awkward a.Bbaby n.back ad., a. & n.background n.backward (s) ad. & a.bad (worse, worst) a.badminton n.bag n.baggage n.bake v.balance n. & v.ball n.balloon n.bamboo n.banana n.band n.bank n.bar n.barber n.bare a.bargain n. & v.base n. & v.baseball n.basic a.basis n.basket n.basketball n.bath n.bathe v.bathroom n.battle n. & v.be (am, is, are, was, were,being, been) v.beach n.bear¹n.bear²(bore, borne) v.beard n.beat (beat, beaten)v. & n.beautiful a.beauty n.because conj.become (became,become) v.bed n.bedroom n.bee n.beef n.beer n.before prep., ad. &conj.beg v.begin (began, begun)v.behave v.behaviour (Am. behavior)n.behind prep. & ad.belief n.believe v.bell n.belong v.below prep.belt n.bench n.bend (bent, bent) v.& n.beneath prep.benefit n. & v.beside prep.besides prep. & ad.between prep.beyond prep.bicycle = bike n.bid v. & n.big a.bill n.biology n.bird n.birth n.birthday n. birthplace nbiscuit n.bit n.bite (bit, bitten) v. bitter a.black a. & n. blackboard n.blame n. & v.blanket n.bless v.blind a.block n.& v.blood n.blouse n.blow (blew, blown) v. blue a. & n.board n. & v.boat n.body n.boil v.bomb n. & v.bone n.book n. & v.border n. & v.bored a.boring a.born a.borrow v.boss n.both a. & pron. bother v.bottle n.bottom n.bowl n.box n.boy n.brain n.branch n. brand n.brave a.bread n.break (broke, broken)v. & n.breakfast n.breath n.breathe v.brick n.bride n.bridge n.brief a. & n.bright a.bring (brought, brought)v.broad a.broadcast (broadcast,broadcast;-ed, -ed) v.& n.broom n.brother n.brown a. & n.brush v. & n.brochure nbudget n.build (built, built)v.building n.burden n.burn (burnt, burnt; -ed,-ed) v.burst (burst, burst) v. &n.bury v.bus n.business n.businessman/woman (pl.businessmen/women) n.busy a.but conj. & prep.butcher n. & v.butter n.butterfly n.button n. & v.buy (bought, bought) v.by prep.bye int.Ccabbage n.cafe (café)n.cafeteria n.cage n.cake n.calculate v.calendar n.call n. & v.calm a. & v.camera n.camp n. & v.campaign n.can (could); can't =cannot modal v.can2 n.canal n.cancel v.cancer n.candidate n.candle n.candy n.cap n.capital n.captain n.car n.card n.care n. & v.careful a.careless a.carpet n.carrot n.carry v.cartoon n.carve v.case n.cash n. & v.cassette n.castle n.casual a.cat n.catch (caught, caught) v.cattle n.cause n. & v. cautious a.cave n.celebrate v.cell n.cent n.centimetre (Am. centimeter) n. central a.centre (Am. center) n. century n. ceremony n.certain a.chain n.chair n.chairman/woman (pl. chairmen/women)n. chalk n.challenge n. chance n.change n. & v. channel n.chapter n. character n. characteristic a. charge v. & n. chart n.chat n. & v.cheap a.cheat n. & v.check n. & v. cheek n.cheer n. & v. cheese n. chemical a. & n. chemist n. chemistry n. cheque (Am. check) n. chess n.chest n.chicken n. chief a. & n.child (pl. children) n.childhood n.chocolate n.choice n.choose (chose, chosen)v.chopsticks n.Christian n.Christmas n.church n.cigar n.cigarette n.cinema n.circle n. & v.citizen n.city n.civil a.civilisation (Am.civilization) n.class n.classic a.classmate n.classroom n.clean v. & a.clear a. & v.clerk n.clever a.climate n.climb v.clinic n.clock n.close a. & ad.cloth n.clothes n.clothing n.cloud n.cloudy a.club n.coach n.coal n.coast n.coat n.coffee n.coin n.coke n.cold a. & n.collar n.colleague n.collect v.collection n.college n.colour (Am. color) n.& v.comb n. & v.combine v.come (came, come) v.comfort n.comfortable a.command n. & v.comment n.commercial a.committee n.common a.communicate v.communication n.communism n.communist n. & a.community n.companion n.company n.compare v.comparison n.compete v.competition n.complete a. & v.complex a. & n.comprehension n.computer n.concept n.concern v. & n.concert n.conclude v.conclusion n.condition n.conduct v.conference n.confident a.confirm v.conflict n.confuse v. congratulate v. congratulation n. connect v. connection n. consequence n. consider v. considerate a. consist v.constant a. construct v. construction n. consult v.consume v.contain v.content n. & a. continent n. continue v. contrary n. & a. contrast n.&v. contribute v. control v. & n. convenience n. convenient a. conversation n. convey v.convince v.cook n. & v.cool a. cooperation n.copy n. & v.corn n.corner n. corporation n. correct v. & a.cost (cost, cost) v. & n. cotton n. & a. cough n. & v. count v.counter n.country n. countryside n. couple n.courage n.course n.cousin n.cover n. & v.cow n.crash v. & n.crazy a.cream n.create v.creature n.credit n.crew n.crime n.criminal n.crop n.cross n. & v.crossroads n.crowd n. & v.cruel a.cry n. & v.culture n.cup n.cupboard n.cure n. & v.curious a.currency n.curtain n.cushion n.custom n.customer n.cut (cut, cut) v. & n.cycle n.& v.Ddad = daddy n.daily a., ad. & n.dam n.damage n. & v.dance n.& v.danger n.dangerous a.dare v. & modal v.dark a. & n.dash v. & n.data n.date n. & v.daughter n.dawn n.day n.dead a.deadline n.deaf a.deal (dealt, dealt)v. &n.dear a.death n.debate n. & v.debt n.decade n.decide v.decision n.declare v.decline v.decorate v.decrease v.deed n.deep a. & ad.defeat v. & n.defend v.degree n.delay v. & n.delicious a.delight n. & v.delighted a.deliver v.demand v.dentist n.department (Dept.) n.depend v.depth n.describe v.description n.desert v. & n.deserve v.design v. & n.desire v. & n.desk n.destroy v.detail n.determine v. develop v. development n. devote v.devotion n. diagram n. dialogue (Am. dialog) n. diamond n.diary n.dictation n. dictionary n.die v.diet n. & v.differ v.difference n. different a.difficult a.difficulty n.dig (dug, dug) v. digest n. & v. digital a.dinner n.direct a. & v. direction n.director n.dirty a. disadvantage n. disagree v. disappear v. disappointed a. disaster n.discount n. & v. discover v. discovery n.discuss v. discussion n. disease n.dish n.dismiss v. distance n.distant a. distinguish v.distribute v.district n.disturb v.dive v.diverse a.divide v.do (did, done) v.doctor n.document n.dog n.doll n.dollar n.door n.dormitory (dorm) n.double a. & n.doubt n. & v.down prep. & ad.download n.& v.downstairs ad.downtown ad., n. & a.dozen n.drag v.draw (drew, drawn) v.dream (dreamt, dreamt;-ed, -ed) v. & n.dress n. & v.drink (drank, drunk)v.drive (drove, driven)v.driver n.drop n. & v.drown n.drug n.drum n.dry a. & v.duck n.due a.dull a.during prep.dusk n.dusty a.duty n.dynasty n.Eeach a. & pron.eager a.ear n.early a. & ad.earn v.earth n.earthquake n.ease n. & v.east a., ad. & n.eastern a.easy a.eat (ate, eaten) v.edge n.educate v.education n.effect n.effort n.egg n.either a., conj. & ad.elder n.electric a.electricity n.electronic a.elephant n.else ad.e-mail n. & v.embarrass v.emergency n.emotion n.employ v.empty a.encourage v.end n. & v.enemy n.energetic a.energy n.engage v.engine n.engineer n.English n. & a.enjoy v.enough n., a. & ad.enter v. enterprise n. entertain v. enthusiastic a. entire a. entrance n.entry n. envelope n. environment n. envy v. & n. equal a. & v. equip v. equipment n. eraser n.error n. escape n. & v. especially ad. Europe n. European a. & n. evaluate v.even ad. evening n. event n. eventually ad. ever ad.every a. everybody pron. everyday a. everyone pron. everything pron. everywhere ad. evidence n. exact a.exam = examination n.examine v. example n. excellent a. except prep. exchange n. & v. excite v. excuse n. & v. exercise n. & v. exhibition n. existence n.exist v.exit n.expand v.expect v.expense n.expensive a.experience n.experiment n.expert n.explain v.explanation n.explode v.explore v.export n. & v.expose v.express v. & n.expression n.extra a.extreme a.eye n.Fface n. & v.fact n.factory n.fail v. & n.failure n.fair¹ a.fair²n.faith n.fall¹n.fall² (fell, fallen) v.false a.familiar a.family n.famous a.fan n.fancy n., v. & a.fantastic a.far (farther, farthest;further , furthest) a. &ad.farm n.farmer n.fast a. & ad.fasten v.fat n. & a.father n.fault n.favour (Am. favor) n.favourite (Am. favorite) a.& n.fear n.feather n.feature n.fee n.feed (fed, fed) v.feel (felt, felt) v.feeling n.fellow n.female a. & n.fence n.festival a.fetch v.fever n.few pron. & a.fiction n.field n.fierce a.fight (fought, fought) v.& n.figure n. & v.file n.fill v.film n. & v.final a.finance n.find (found, found) v.fine¹ a.fine²v.finger n.finish v. & n.fire n. & v.firm¹n.firm² a.fish n. & v.fist n.fit a. & v.fix v.flag n.flame n.flat n. & a.flexible a.flight n.float v.flood n. & v.floor n.flour n.flow v. & n.flower n.flu n.fluent a.fly¹n.fly²(flew, flown) v. focus v. & n.fog n.foggy a.fold v.folk n.& a.follow v.fond a.food n.fool n. & v.foolish a.foot (pl. feet) n. football n.for prep.forbid (forbade, forbidden) v.force v.forecast n. & v. foreign a.foreigner n.forest n.forever ad.forget (forgot, forgotten) v.forgive (forgave, forgiven) v.fork n.form n. & v. former a.fortunate a.fortune n.forward ad.found v.fountain n.fox n.free a.freedom n.freeze (froze, frozen) v.frequent a.fresh a.fridge = refrigerator n.friend n.friendly a.friendship n.frighten v.from prep.front a. & n.fruit n.fry v.fuel n.full a.fun n.function n. & v.funny a.furniture n.future n.Ggain v.gallery n.game n.garage n.garden n.garlic n.gas n.gate n.gather v.gay a.general a. & n.generation n.generous a.gentle a.gentleman n.geography n.get (got , got) v.gift n.gifted a.girl n.give (gave, given) v.glad a.glass n.globe n.glory n.glove n.go (went, gone) v.goal n.god n.gold n. & a.golf n.good (better, best) a.goods n.goose (pl. geese) n.government n.grade n.gradual a.graduate v. & n.grain n.gram n.grammar n.grandchild n.granddaughter n.grandma = grandmothern.grandpa = grandfathern.grandparents n.grandson n.grape n.graph n.grasp v.grass n.grateful a.great a. & ad.greedy a.green a. & n.greet v.greeting n.grey (Am. gray) a. grocery n.ground n.group n.grow (grew, grown) v. guarantee v.guard n.guess v.guest n.guidance n.guide n.guitar n.gun n.Hhabit n.hair n.haircut n.half a.& n.hall n.ham n.hamburger n.hammer n.hand n. & v.handle n. & v. handsome a. handwriting n.hang (hung, hung; -ed, -ed) v.happen v.happy a.harbour (Am. harbor) n.hard ad. & a.hardly ad. hardworking a.harm n. & v.harmful a.harvest n. & v.hat n.hate v. & n.have (has, had, had) v. head n. & v. headache n.headline n.headmaster/headmistressn.health n.healthy a.hear (heard, heard) v.hearing n.heart n.heat n.heavy a.height n.hello int.help n. & v.helpful a.here ad.hero n.hesitate v.hi int.hide (hid, hidden) v.high a. & ad.highway n.hill n.hire v.history n.hit (hit, hit) v.hobby n.hold (held, held) v.hole n.holiday n.home n. & ad.homeland n.hometown n.homework n.honest a.honey n.honour (Am. honor) n.& v.hope n. & v.hopeless a.horizon n.horse n.hospital n.host n. & v.hot a.hotel n.hour n.house n.housewife n.housework n.how ad.however ad. & conj.huge a.human a.humorous a.humour (Am. humor) n.hunger n. & v.hungry a.hunt v.hurry v.hurt (hurt, hurt) v.husband n.Iice n.ice-cream n.idea n.identity n.idiom n.if conj.ignore v.ill a.illegal a.illness n.imagine v.immediately ad.imply v.import v.& n.importance n.important a.impossible a.impress v.impression n.impressive a.improve v.in prep. & ad.inch n.incident n.include v. income n. increase v. & n. indeed ad. independence n. independent a. indicate v. individual a. & n. industry n.infer v. influence n. & v. inform v. informal a. information n. injure v.injury n.ink n.innocent a. insect n.inside prep. & ad. insist v.inspect v. inspire v.instant a.instead ad. institute n. instruction n. instrument n. insurance n. intelligence n. intelligent a. intend v.interest n. interesting a. international a. Internet n. interrupt v. interview n.& v. into prep. introduce v. introduction n. invent v.invite v.iron n. & v.island n.item n.Jjacket n.jam n.jazz n.jeans n.job n.join v.joke n.journal n.journalist n.journey n.joy n.judge n. & v.juice n.jump n. & v.junior a.just a. & ad.justice n.Kkeep (kept, kept) v.key n.kick v. & n.kid n.kill v.kilo n.kilogramme (Am.kilogram)n.kilometre (Am.kilometer)n.kind¹n.kind² a.kindergarten n.kindness n.king n.kingdom n.kiss n.& v.kitchen n.kite n.knee n.knife (pl. knives) n.knock n. & v.know (knew, known) v.knowledge n.Llab = laboratory n.labour (Am. labor) n.lack n. & v.lady n.lake n.lamp n.land n. & v.language n.large a.last a. & v.late a. & ad.latter a.laugh n. & v.laughter n.law n.lawyer n.lay (laid, laid) v.lazy a.lead (led, led) v. & n.leader n.leaf (pl. leaves) n.learn (learnt, learnt; -ed-ed) v.least n.leather n.leave (left, left) v.lecture n.left a., ad. & n.leg n.legal a.lend (lent, lent) v.length n.lesson n.let (let, let) v.letter n.level n.library n.lie¹n. & v.lie² (lay, lain) v.life (pl. lives) n. lift v. & n.light n., v. & a. like v. & prep. likely a.limit v.line n. & v.link v. & n.lion n.lip n.liquid n. & a.list n.listen v. literature n.litre (Am. liter) n. little (less, least) a. live v. & a.lively a.load n.loaf n.local a.lock n. & v. lonely a.long a. & ad. look n. & v.loose a.lorry n.lose (lost, lost) v. loss n.lot n.loud a.love n.& v. lovely a.low a.& ad.luck n.lucky a.luggage n.lunch n.lung n.Mmachine n.mad a.madam/madame n. magazine n.mail n. & v.mailbox n.main a.mainland n.major a.majority n.make (made, made) v.male a. & n.man (pl. men) n.manage v.manager n.mankind n.manner n.many (more, most)pron. & a.map n.march n. & v.mark v. & n.market n.marriage n.marry v.master v. & n.mat n.match v. & n.material n.mathematics =math /maths n.matter n. & v.may modal v.maybe ad.meal n.mean (meant, meant) v.meaning n.means n.meanwhile ad.measure v. & n.meat n.medal n.media n.medical a.medicine n.meet (met, met) v. & n.meeting n.member n.memory n.mend v.mental a.mention n. & v.menu n.merely ad.merry a.mess n.message n.metal n. & a.method n.metre (Am. meter) n.middle n.midnight n.might modal v.mild a.mile n.milk n. & v.mind n. & v.mine n. & v.mineral n.minister n.minority n.minute n.mirror n.miss¹n.miss²v.mistake (mistook,mistaken) v. & n.misunderstood)misunderstand(misunderstood, vmix v.mixture n.mobile a.model n.modern a.modest a.mom = mum n.moment n.money n.monitor n.monkey n.month n.mood n.moon n.moral a. & n.more a., ad. & n. morning n.mother n. mountain n. mouse (pl. mice) n. mouth n.move v. movement n.movie n.Mr. (mister) n. Mrs. (mistress) n. Ms. n.much (more, most) a., ad. & n.multiple a.murder v.museum n.music n.musical a. & n.must modal v.Nnail n.name n. & v.narrow a.nation n.national a. nationality n.native a. & n. natural a.nature n.navy n.near a., ad. & prep. nearby a.nearly ad.neat a.necessary a.neck n.need n. & modal v. needle n. negative a.neighbour (Am. neighbor)n.neighbourhood (Am.neighborhood) n.neither a.nephew n.nervous a.nest n.net n.network n.never ad.new a.news n.newspaper n.next a. & ad.nice a.niece n.night n.no ad. & a.noble a.nobody n. & pron.nod v.noise n.noisy a.none pron.noodle n.noon n.nor conj.normal n. & a.north a., ad. & n.northern a.nose n.not ad.note n. & v.notebook n.nothing n. & ad.notice n. & v.novel n.now ad.nowadays ad.nowhere ad.nuclear a.number (No.) n.nurse n.nut n.Oobey v.object n.observe v.obtain v.obvious a.occasion n.occasionally ad.occupation n.occupy v.occur v.ocean n.o'clock n.of prep.off prep. & ad.offer n.& v.office n.officer n.official n. & a.often ad.oil n.OK ad.old a.Olympic(s) a. & n.on prep. & ad.once n., ad. & conj.oneself pron.onion n.only a. & ad.onto prep.open a. & v.operate v.operation n.operator n.opinion n.oppose v.opposite n. & a.optimistic a.or conj.oral a.orange n. & a.order n. & v.ordinary a.organ n.organise (anize) v.organization n.origin n.other pron. & a. otherwise ad.ought modal v.out ad.outdoors ad.outing n.outline n.output n.outside n., ad. & prep. outstanding a.over prep. & ad. overcoat n. overcome (overcame, overcome) v. overlook v.own a. & v.owner n.oxygen n.Ppace n.pack n. & v. package n.packet n.page n.pain n.painful a.paint n. & v. painting n.pair n.palace n.pale a.panic a. & v.paper n.paragraph n.parcel n.pardon n.parent n.park¹n.park²v.part n., a. & v.participate v.particular a. & n.partly ad.partner n.part-time a. & ad.party n.pass v.passage n.passenger n.passer-by n.passive a.passport n.past ad., n. & prep.path n.patience n.patient¹n.patient² a.pattern n.pay (paid, paid) v. & n.peace n.peaceful a.peach n.pear n.pen n.pencil n.penny (pl. pence) n.people n.pepper n.per prep.percent n.perfect a.perform v.performance n.performer n.perhaps ad.period n.permanent a.permission n.permit v. & n.person n.personal a.persuade v.pet n.petrol n.phenomenon (pl.phenomena)phone = telephone n.& v.photo = photograph n.photograph n. & v.photographer n.phrase n.physical a.physics n.piano n.pick v.picnic n.& v.picture n.pie n.piece n.pig n.pile n.pillow n.pilot n.pin n. & v.pineapple n.pink a. & n.pioneer n.pipe n.pity n.place n. & v.plain a.plan n. & v.plane n.planet n.plant v. & n.plastic a.plate n.platform n.play v. & n.playground n.pleasant a.please v.pleased a.。
《考试说明》词汇表汇总

《考试说明》词汇表汇总五、词汇表Ⅰ说明:本词汇表Ⅰ共收入单词约2500个,要求掌握。
Aa (an) art一(个,件……)ability n 能力;才能the ~ to do sth.able adj 有能力的,能干的be able to 能够(有能力)做某事aboard prep搭乘、进入(船、列车、飞机、公共汽车等)go aboard a shipadv. 搭乘(船、列车、飞机、公共汽车等)go aboard 搭乘/ All aboard.请上车。
about ad大约;周围;到处prep关于;在…周围;在…的各处above prep在…上面n. 上面ad.在头上(上游);(数量等)超过abroad a&ad到(在)国外go abroad 出国absent a缺席的be ~ fromabsorb vt. 吸收(水、热、光等);吸引(注意)be absorbed inaccent n.重音;口音accept v承受;接受accident n 事故;意外事件by ~偶然account n 说明,解释,报告;账单accuse v(因…)控告(人),告发,指责(人等),谴责~sb. of sth.ache vi 疼n 疼痛achieve v完成,取得achievement n功绩;成就across prep横过,穿过act vi.行动;做,做事vt.扮演n. 法令;条例;行为;动作action n. 行动,行为,活动active a积极的activity n活动actor n男演员actress n 女演员actual a实际的,真实的AD n.公元ad= advertisement n 广告add v加,增加add to/ add…toaddress n住址;通讯处admire v钦佩;羡慕;赞美admit v承认be admitted into/to 被录取adult n成年人advance vi前进,进展vt推进,促进n前进,进展advantage n优点,好处have advantages over sb.adventure n冒险;奇遇advertise vt为…做广告advertisement n广告advice n忠告,建议Ua piece of ~advise v忠告。
2010年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语一真题答案详解

2010年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语一真题答案详解2010-1-9 22:54考研教育网论坛1.A解析:A项affect 意思是“影响,感动”;B项achieve意思是“达成,完成”;C项extract 意思是“提取,榨出”;D项restore是“恢复,重建”。
这句话的意思是:他们想通过实验探究车间照明是如何影响工人的生产率的,所以答案是A.2.B解析:本题考查了固定短语end up 的用法,end up 意思是“最终成为……”,end 和其它三个介词的搭配都无此意,故选B.3.C解析:本句的大意为:研究最终总结为一个极具影响力的概念-“霍桑效应”,也正是实验所研究的行为改变了工人们的表现。
所以这里应选择C.4.B解析:作者这里表达的意思是这个问题之所以引起大家的注意是因为工厂女工的行为令人费解。
四个选项中perplexing意为“令人费解的”,所以正确答案为B.5.C解析:本句的含义是:根据研究描述,当照明灯变亮或变暗时,工人的时产量就会提高。
四个选项中有描述含义的是C项accounts.6.B解析:这句话的意思是:实验中做什么并不重要。
Do not matter 固定表达,故选B.7.D解析:考查so long as 短语,意思是“只有”,句子意思是:只要有改变,生产率就会上升。
8.A解析:A项awareness 意思是“意识”,B项expectation意为“期望”,C项sentiment 意为“”观点,意见,D项illusion 为“幻觉”,本句的大意是说:工人知到自己本身是被研究对象-这一意识就足以改变他们的行为。
所以选A.9.C解析:见第8题解析。
10.D解析:见第8题解析。
11.C解析:be subjected to表示“服从于,与……一致…,为固定短语。
12.A解析:contrary to表示“与…相反”。
根据语境提示,空白处需要填写一个能表示转折意味的链接词。
13.A解析:只有evidence一词可与found呼应,表示“发现或找到证据”。
2010年北京中考英语说明解读

《考试说明》读的能力要求
1.能根据上下文和构词法推断、 理解生词的含义。 2.能获取文章的具体信息。 3.能理解文章中的具体信息并进 行简单的推理和判断。 4.能理解归纳文章的主旨要义, 能为文章选定合适的题目。 5.能理解故事情节和事件发展顺 序以及段落中各句子之间的 逻辑关系。 6.能根据上下文理解作者的态 度、观点及意图。
(44分) 36.7%
百分比
(24分) 20% (两遍) (27分) 22.5%
篇幅 5段
4篇
书面 表达
总计
(25分) 20.8%
由听力理解、语言知识运用、阅读理解、书面表达四部分组成 十道大题由第一至第十排序 75道小题由第1至第75排序 注意:阅读56分
时间分配
结构 听力 理解 内容和题型 一、听对话选图 二、听对话或独白选择答案 三、听对话或独白记录信息 知识 运用 四、单项填空 (注重语法除最后一题) 五、完形填空(注重词汇) 六、阅读短文选择最佳选项 阅读 理解 七、阅读短文还原句子 八、阅读短文回答问题 题量 4 12 4 15 12 13 4 5 分值 4 12 8 15 12 26 8 10
听力技能5级要求:
阅读技能5级要求:
1.能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的词义; 2.能理解段落中各句之间的逻辑关系; 3.能找出文章中的主题,理解故事的情节,预测 故事情节的发展和结局; 4.能读懂常见体裁的阅读材料; 5.能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获 取信息; 6.能利用字典等工具书进行学习; 7.除教材外,课标阅读量应累计达到15万词以上。
顺序关系指构成语段的各个句子只能按事物的发展过程由 先而后地顺序排列,不可以随便改动次序。按这种关系组 织起来的句群通常表达一个过程的时间顺序或者描述固定 的操作程序等。
2010英语中考说明词汇及中文翻译

2010中考说明词汇部分Aa (an) art. 一(个、件…… )ability n. 能力;才能able a. 能够;有能力的about ad. 大约;到处;prep. 关于;在各处;四处above prep. 在…… 上面上面的ad. 在…… 之上abroad ad. 到(在)国外absent a. 缺席,不在accent n. 口音,音调accept vt. 接受accident n. 事故,意外的事ache vi.& n. 痛,疼痛achieve vt. 达到,取得across prep. 横过,穿过act n. 法令,条例v. (戏)表演,扮演(角色);行动,action n. 行动active a. 积极的,主动的activity n. 活动add vt. 添加,增加address n. 地址advantage n. 优点;好处advertisement n. 广告advice n. 忠告,劝告,建议advise vt. 忠告,劝告,建议afford vt. 负担得起(…的费用);抽得出(时间);提供afraid a. 害怕的;担心after ad. 在后;后来prep. 在…… 之后;在…… 后面conj. 在…… 以后afternoon n. 下午,午后again ad. 再一次;再,又against prep. 对着,反对age n. 年龄;时代ago ad. 以前agree v. 同意;应允agreement n. 同意,一致;协定,协议air n. 空气;大气airline n. 航空公司;航空系统airplane n. (美)飞机airport n. 航空站,飞机场alive a. 活着的,存在的all ad. 全部地 a.所有的;总;整pron. 全部;全体人员allow vt. 允许,准许almost ad. 几乎,差不多alone a. 单独的,孤独的along ad. 向前;和 .. 一起;一同prep.沿着;顺着aloud ad. 大声地already ad. 已经also ad. 也although conj. 虽然,尽管always ad. 总是;一直;永远America n. 美国;美洲American a. 美国的;美国人的n. 美国人among prep. 在…… 中间;在(三个以上)之间ancient a. 古代的,古老的and conj. 和;又;而angry a. 生气的,愤怒的animal n. 动物another a. 再一;另一;别的;不同的pron. 另一个answer n. 回答;回信;答案v. 回答;回信;答案ant n. 蚂蚁any pron. (无论)哪一个;哪些任何的;(用于疑问句、否定句)一些;什么anybody pron. 任何人,无论谁anyone pron. 任何人,无论谁anything pron. 什么事(物);任何事(物)anyway ad. 不管怎样anywhere ad. 任何地方appear vi. 出现apple n. 苹果April n. 4 月area n. 面积;地域,地方,区域;范围,领域arm n. 臂, 支架army n. 军队around ad. 在周围;在附近prep.在…… 周围;大约arrive vi. 到达;达到article n. 文章;东西;冠词art n. 艺术,美术;技艺as ad.& conj. 像…一样;如同;因为prep. 作为,当做Asia * n. 亚洲Asian a. 亚洲的,亚洲人的n. 亚洲人ask v. 问,询问;请求,要求;邀请asleep a. 睡着的,熟睡at prep. 在(几点钟);在(某处)Atlantic a. 大西洋的attention n. 注意,关心August n. 8 月aunt n. 伯母;舅母;婶;姑;姨Australia * n. 澳洲;澳大利亚Australian a. 澳洲的,澳大利亚人的n. 澳大利亚人autumn n. 秋天,秋季avoid v. 避免,躲开,逃避awake (awoke, awo ken) v. 唤醒醒着的away ad. 离开;远离Bbaby n. 婴儿back ad. 回(原处);向后a. 后面的n. 背后,后部;背background n. 背景bad ( 比较级worse, 最高级worst) a. 坏的;有害的,不利的;严重的bag n. 书包;提包;袋子ball n. 球舞会balloon n. 气球bamboo n. 竹banana n. 香蕉bank n. (河、海、湖的)岸,堤银行baseball n. 棒球basic a. 基本的basket n. 篮子basketball n. 篮球bathroom n. 浴室,盥洗室be v. 是(原形),其人称和时态形式有am, is, are, was, were, being, been ;成为beach n. 海滨,海滩bear n. 熊beat (beat, beaten) v. 敲打;跳动;打赢n. (音乐)节拍beautiful a. 美的,美丽的,美观的because conj. 因为become (became, become) v. 变得;成为bed n. 床bedroom n. 寝室,卧室bee n.. 蜜蜂beef n. 牛肉before prep. 在…… 以前;在…… 前面ad. 以前conj. 在…… 之前begin(began,begun) v. 开始,着手behaviour n. 行为,举止behind prep. ( 表示位置) 在…… 后面ad. 在后面;向后believe v. 相信,认为bell n. 钟,铃;钟( 铃) 声;钟形物below prep. 在…… 下面belt n. (皮)带beside prep. 在…… 旁边;靠近besides prep. 除…… 以外(还有)ad.还有,此外between prep. 在(两者)之间;在……中间beyond prep. ( 表示位置) 在…… 的那边big a. 大的bike = bicycle n. 自行车bill n. 账单;法案,议案;(美)钞票,纸币bird n. 鸟birth n. 出生;诞生birthday n. 生日biscuit n. 饼干bit n. 一点,一些,少量的bitter a. 有苦味的;痛苦的,难过的;严酷的black n. 黑色a. 黑色的blackboard n. 黑板blind a. 瞎的blood n. 血,血液blow n. 击;打击blue n. 蓝色 a. 蓝色的悲伤的;沮丧的board n. 木板;布告牌;委员会;(政府的)部v. 上(船、火车、飞机)boat n. 小船,小舟body n. 身体book n. 书;本子v. 预定,定(房间、车票等)boring a. 乏味的,无聊的born a. 出生borrow v. (向别人)借用;借boss n. 领班;老板both a. 两;双pron. 两者;双方bottle n. 瓶子bottom n. 底部;底bowl n. 碗box n. 盒子,箱子boy n. 男孩brain n. 脑(子)brave a. 勇敢的bread n. 面包break (broke, broken) v. 打破(断,碎);损坏,n. 间隙breakfast n. 早餐breath n. 气息;呼吸breathe vi. 呼吸bridge n. 桥bright a. 明亮的;聪明的bring (brought, brought) vt. 拿来,带来,取来brother n. 兄;弟brown n. 褐色,棕色 a. 褐色的,棕色的brush v. 刷;擦n. 刷子build (built, built) v. 建筑;造building n. 建筑物;房屋;大楼bun n. 馒头;小甜面包burn (-ed, -ed 或burnt, burnt) v. 燃,烧,着火;使烧焦;使晒黑n. 烧伤;晒伤bus n. 公共汽车business n. (本分)工作,职业;职责;生意,交易;事业busy a. 忙(碌)的but conj. 但是,可是prep. 除了,除…… 外butter n. 黄油,奶油butterfly n. 蝴蝶buy(bought,bought) vt. 买by prep. 靠近,在…… 旁;在…… 时间;不迟于;被;用;由;乘(车)bye int. 再见Ccabbage n. 卷心菜,洋白菜cake n. 蛋糕,糕点;饼call n. 喊,叫;电话,通话v. 称呼;呼唤;喊,叫camel n. 骆驼camera n. 照相机;摄像机camp n. (夏令)营vi. 野营;宿营can 〖could〗〖can't = can not〗 modalv. 可能;能够;可以不能Canada * n. 加拿大cancel vt. 取消cancer n. 癌candle n. 蜡烛candy n. 糖果cap n. (无檐的或仅在前面有檐的)帽子;(瓶子的)盖;(钢笔等的)笔套capital n. 首都,省会;大写;资本captain n. (海军)上校;船长,舰长;队长car n. 汽车,小卧车card n.名片;纸牌care n. 照料,保护;小心v. 介意…… ,在乎;关心careful a. 小心的,仔细的,谨慎的careless a. 粗心的,漫不经心的carry vt. 拿,搬,带,提,抬,背,抱,运等cat n. 猫catch(caught,caught) v. 接住;捉住;赶上;染上(疾病)cause n. 原因,起因vt. 促使,引起,使发生CD 光盘(compact disk 的缩写)CD ROM 信息储存光盘(compactdisk read only memory 的缩写)ceiling n. 天花板,顶棚celebrate v. 庆祝cent n. 美分(100 cents = 1 dollar )centre ( 美center ) n. 中心,中央century n. 世纪,百年certain a. (未指明真实名称的)某…… ;确定的,无疑的;一定会……chair n. 椅子chairman n. 主席,会长;议长chairwoman n. 女主席, 女会长;女议长chalk n. 粉笔chance n. 机会,可能性change n. 零钱;找头v. 改变,变化;更换;兑换cheap a. 便宜的,贱cheat n. & v. 骗取,哄骗;作弊check n. 检查;批改vt. 校对,核对;检查;批改cheer n. & vi. 欢呼;喝彩cheese n. 奶酪chemistry n. 化学chess n. 棋chest n. 箱子;盒子;胸部chicken n. 鸡;鸡肉child ( 复children) n. 孩子,儿童China * n. 中国Chinese a. 中国的;中国人的;汉语的n.中国人;中国话,chocolate n. 巧克力choice n. 选择;抉择choose (chose, chosen) vt. 选择chopsticks n. 筷子Christmas n. 圣诞节(12 月25 日)church n. 教堂;教会cinema n. 电影院;电影circle n. vt. 圆圈将…… 圈起来city n. 市,城市,都市clap vi. 拍手;鼓掌class n. (学校里的)班;年级;课classmate n. 同班同学classroom n. 教室clean vt. 弄干净,擦干净a. 清洁的,干净的clear a. 清晰的;明亮的;清楚的clever a. 聪明的,伶俐的climb v. 爬,攀登clock n. 钟clone n.克隆(无性繁殖出来的有机体群)close 1 a . 亲密的;近,靠近ad. 近,靠近close 2 vt. 关,关闭cloth n. 布clothes n. 衣服;各种衣物cloud n. 云;云状物;阴影cloudy a. 多云的,阴天的club n. 俱乐部;纸牌中的梅花coach n. 教练;马车;长途车coal n. 煤;煤块coast n. 海岸;海滨coat n. 外套;涂层;表皮;皮毛vt. 给…… 穿外套;涂上coffee n. 咖啡coin n. 硬币Coke n. 可口可乐cold a. 冷的,寒的n. 寒冷;感冒,伤风collect vt. 收集,搜集college n. 学院;专科学校colour ( 美color) n. 颜色vt. 给…… 着色,涂色come (came, come) vi. 来,来到comfortable a. 舒服的;安逸的;舒服自在的common a. 普通的,一般的;共有的communicate v. 交际;传达(感情,信息等)communication n. 交际;交往;通讯company n. 公司compare vt. 比较,对照competition n. 比赛,竞赛complete a. 完成的vt. 完成,结束composition n. 作文;作曲computer n. 电子计算机concert n. 音乐会;演奏会condition n. 条件,状况conference n. (正式的)会议;讨论connect vt. 连接,把…… 联系起来consider vt. 考虑continue vi. 继续control vt.& n. 控制conversation n. 谈话,交谈cook n. 炊事员,厨师v. 烹调,做饭cooker n. 炊具( 锅、炉灶、烤炉等)cool a. 凉的,凉爽的;酷copy n. 抄本,副本;一本(份,册…… )v. 抄写;复印;(计算机用语)拷(备份盘)corner n. 角;角落;拐角correct v. 改正;纠正a. 正确的,对的;恰当的cost (cost, cost) v. 值(多少钱);花费; n.价格cotton n. 棉花a. 棉花的cough n.& vi. 咳嗽could modal v. (can 的过去式)可以…… ;(表示许可或请求)可以…… ,行count vt. 数,点数country n. 国家;农村,乡下countryside n. 乡下,农村couple n. 夫妇,一对courage n. 勇气;胆略course n. 过程;经过;课程cousin n. 堂(表)兄弟,堂(表)姐妹cover n. 盖子;罩v. 覆盖,遮盖;掩盖cow n. 母牛,奶牛crayon n 蜡笔;蜡笔画crazy a. 疯狂的create vt. 创造;造成cross n. 十字形的东西vt. 越过;穿过cruel a. 残忍的,残酷的;无情的cry n. 叫喊;哭声v. 喊叫;哭culture n. 文化cup n. 茶杯cut (cut, cut) v. n. 切,剪,削,割伤口Ddad = daddy n. (口语)爸爸,爹爹daily a. 每日的;日常的ad. 每天n. 日报dance n.& vi. 跳舞danger n. 危险dangerous a. 危险的dare v.& aux. (后接不带to 的不定式;主要用于疑问,否定或条件句)敢,敢于dark n. 黑暗;暗处;日暮a. 黑暗的;暗淡的;深色的date n. 日期;约会daughter n. 女儿day n. (一)天,(一)日;白天dead a. 死的;无生命的deaf a. 聋的deal n. 量,数额;交易dear a . 亲爱的;贵的death n. 死December n. 12 月decide v. 决定;下决心decision n. 决定;决心deep a. 深ad. 深;深厚degree n. 程度;度数;学位delicious a. 美味的,可口的dentist n. 牙科医生depend vi. 依靠,依赖,指望;取决于describe vt. 描写,叙述desk n. 书桌,写字台develop v. (使)发展;(使)发达;(使)发育;开发vt. 冲洗(照片)development n. 发展,发达,发育,开发dialogue ( 美dialog) n. 对话diary n. 日记;日记簿dictionary n. 词典,字典die v. 死difference n. 不同different a. 不同的,有差异的difficult a. 难的;艰难的;不易相处的difficulty n. 困难,费力dig (dug, dug) v. 挖(洞、沟等);掘dinner n. 正餐,宴会direct a. vt. 直接的;直达的;直截了当的指挥;指导;监督;管理;指挥(演奏);导演(电影)direction n. 方向;方位director n. 所长,处长,主任;董事;导演dirty a. 脏的discover vt. 发现discovery n. 发现discuss vt. 讨论,议论discussion n. 讨论,辩论disease n. 病,疾病dish n. 盘,碟;盘装菜;盘形物dismiss vt. 让…… 离开;遣散;解散;解雇disturb vt. 扰乱;打扰divide vt. 分,划分do (did, done) don't=do not v. & aux.做,干(用以构成疑问句及否定句。
哈市2010年中考说明解读(英语)

2010年中考说明解读学人堂----专注于中小学课外辅导重点中学一线教师授课,辅导热线:0451-893107 95哈尔滨市松北区教师进修学校副校长英语学科教研员聂筱华----英语学不同的教材考一样的试卷近是哈市中升学考学考试说明新鲜出炉英语学科命题有哪些变化针对这些变化考生如何复习备考呢?松北区教师进修学校副校长英语学校教研员聂筱华对英语学科作出如下解读:变化一增加主观试题哈市松北区教研员聂筱华介绍,今年中考命题第一个微调是根据《英语课程标准》中关于试题应增加主观的要求,在阅读表达A文中的题设中增加可考查学生能力的确主观题。
让考生读完这篇文章之后,概括文章大意,在题中出现需要填写的5个词中,有些填写的单词不是原文中的。
需要考生自己归纳后填写。
但所需要填写的单词一宣考试说明所给范围之内的单词变化二教材不同试卷一样聂筱华说,由于市区,县(市)的考生所学教材不同,今天年中考英语考试范围有微调。
考查范围将覆盖市区,县(市)所用版本教材的共同点和共同补充内容。
即英语学科考试范围是市区和县(市)所用教材的共同点即使所学教材不一样,但所考试考试题是同一套。
变化三增加补充教材聂筱华介绍,今年中考英语学科在内容上要求学掌握1599个单词,142个短语,19大项语法项目,24项(小话题95项)话题目,11项(55小项)功能意念项目。
内容上变化是,哈市面上2010年初升学考试说明增加了英语学科词汇表及六三制和五四制补充内容,其中市区学生需要学习17篇补充教材,其中需要理解196个生词。
县(市)学生需要学习题20篇补充教材,163个单词需要理解。
备考策略一复习分为三个阶段聂筱华建议,中考前考生可分为三个阶段复习:第一阶段扫描考点,构建牢固知识网络,这个阶段考考生要有效作笔记,记录自己的薄弱环节或末完全掌握的语言知识。
第二阶段,是分类复习,突出重点,担升知识运用水平。
通过练习查缺补漏,及时解决存在的问题,要把在错题本上的题重做一遍及时提问。
2010高考考试说明英语词汇(音标解释)(更新)
Aa[ə]art.一(个);每一(个)abandon[☜♌✌⏹♎☜⏹] vt.丢弃;放弃,抛弃ability [☜♌♓●♓♦♓] n.能力;能耐,本领able[ ♏♓♌●] a.有能力的;出色的aboard[☜♌♎] ad.在船(车)上;上船about [ ☜♌♋◆♦] prep.关于;在…周围above [☜♌✈] prep.在…上面;高于abroad [☜♌❒♎]ad.(在)国外;到处absence [ ✌♌♦☜⏹♦] n.缺席,不在场;缺乏absent [ ✌♌♦☜⏹♦] a.不在场的;缺乏的abstract [ ✌♌♦♦❒✌♦] a.抽象的n.摘要accent [ ✌♦☜⏹♦] n.口音,腔调;重音accept [☜♦♏☐♦] vt.vi.接受;同意accident [ ✌♦♓♎☜⏹♦] n.意外的;事故account [☜♋◆⏹♦] n.记述;解释;帐目accuse [☜◆] vt.指责;归咎于accustomed [☜✈♦♦☜❍♎]a.惯常的;习惯的ache [♏♓] vi.痛;想念n.疼痛achieve [☜♦☞♓]vt.完成,实现;达到across [☜❒♦] prep.横过;在…对面act [✌♦]vi.行动;见效n.行为action [ ✌☞☜⏹] n.行动;作用;功能active [ ✌♦♓] a.活跃的;积极的activity [✌♦♓♓♦♓] n.活动;活力;行动actor [ ✌♦☜]n.男演员;演剧的人actress [ ✌♦❒♓♦] n.女演员actual [ ✌♦◆☜●]a.实际的;现行的adapt [☜♎✌☐♦]vt.使适应;改编add [✌♎] vt.添加,附加,掺加addicted[ə'diktid] adj. 沉溺于;入了迷的,上了瘾的addition [☜♎♓☞☜⏹]n.加,加法;附加物address [☜♎❒♏♦] n.地址;演说;谈吐adjust [☜♎✞✈♦♦] vt.调整,调节;校正administration [☜♎❍♓⏹♓♦♦❒♏♓☞☜⏹] n.管理;管理部门admirable ['ædmərəbl] adj. 令人钦佩的;值得赞扬的;极好的admire [☜♎❍♋♓☜] vt.钦佩,羡慕,赞赏admit [☜♎❍♓♦]vt.承认;准许…进入adopt [☜♎☐♦] vt.收养;采用;采取adult[ ✌♎✈●♦] n.成年人a.成年的advance [☜♎⏹♦]vi.前进;提高n.进展advantage [☜♎⏹♦♓♎✞] n.优点,优势;好处adventure [☜♎♏⏹♦☞☜] n.冒险;惊险活动advertise ['ædvətaiz] vt. 为…做广告;通知;使突出vi. 做广告,登广告;作宣传advertisement [☜♎☜♦♓♦❍☜⏹♦] n.广告;公告;登广告advice [☜♎♋♓♦] n.劝告;忠告;意见advise [☜♎♋♓] vt.劝告;建议;通知aeroplane [ ☪☜❒☜☐●♏♓⏹]n.飞机affair [☜♐☪☜] n.事情,事件;事务affect [☜♐♏♦] vt.影响;感动afford [☜♐♎] vt.担负得起…;提供afraid [☜♐❒♏♓♎]a.害怕的;担心的africa [ ✌♐❒♓☜]n.非洲african [ ✌♐❒♓☜⏹] a.非洲的n.非洲人after [ ♐♦☜] prep.在…以后;次于afternoon [ ♐♦☜⏹◆⏹] n.下午,午后afterward [ ♐♦☜♦☜♎] ad.后来,以后again [☜♈♏♓⏹] ad.又一次;而且against [☜♈♏♓⏹♦♦] prep.倚在;逆,对着age [♏♓♎✞] n.年龄;时代vt.变老ago [☜♈☜◆]ad.以前agree [☜♈❒♓] vi.同意;持相同意见agreement [☜♈❒♓❍☜⏹♦]n.协定,协议;同意agricultural [,æɡri'kʌltʃərəl] adj. 农业的;农艺的agriculture [ ✌♈❒♓✈●♦☞☜] n.农业,农艺;农学ahead [☜♒♏♎ad.在前;向前;提前aid [♏♓♎]n.帮助,救护;助手AIDS/aids获得性免疫缺乏综合症;爱滋病aim [♏♓❍] vi.瞄准,针对;致力air [☪☜] n.空气;空中;外观airline [ ☪☜●♋♓⏹]n.航空公司;航线airmail ['εəmeil] n. 航空邮件airport [ ☪☜☐♦] n.机场,航空站alarm [☜●❍] n.惊恐,忧虑;警报alike [☜●♋♓] a.同样的,相同的alive [☜●♋♓]a.活着的;活跃的all [ l] a.全部的prep.全部allow [☜●♋◆] vt.允许,准许;任almost [ ●❍☜◆♦♦]ad.几乎,差不多alone [☜●☜◆⏹] a.单独的ad.单独地along [☜●☠] prep.沿着ad.向前aloud [☜●♋◆♎]ad.出声地,大声地already [ ●❒♏♎♓]ad.早已,已经also [ ●♦☜◆]ad.亦,也;而且,还alternative [ ●♦☜⏹☜♦♓] n.替换物;取舍,抉择although [ ●❆☜◆]conj.尽管,虽然altogether [ ●♦☜♈♏❆☜] ad.完全;总而言之always [ ●♦♏♓] ad.总是,一直;永远amaze [☜❍♏♓] vt.使惊奇,使惊愕amazing [ə'meiziŋ] adj. 令人惊异的ambition [✌❍♌♓☞☜⏹] n.雄心,抱负,野心ambulance [ ✌❍♌◆●☜⏹♦]n.救护车;野战医院America [☜❍♏❒♓☜] n.美洲;美国american [☜❍♏❒♓☜⏹]a.美洲的n.美国人among [☜❍✈☠]prep.在…之中amount [☜❍♋◆⏹♦] n.总数;数量;和amuse [☜❍◆] vt.逗…乐;给…娱乐analyse(Am analyze)[ ✌⏹☜●♋♓] vt.分析,分解,解析analysis [☜⏹✌●♓♦♓♦] n.分析,分解,解析ancestor [ ✌⏹♦♓♦♦☜]n.祖宗,祖先ancient [ ♏♓⏹☞☜⏹♦]a.古代的,古老的and[✌⏹♎] conj.和,又,并,则anger [ ✌☠♈☜] n.怒,愤怒vt.使发怒angle [ ✌☠♈●] n.角,角度angry [ ✌☠♈❒♓]a.愤怒的,生气的animal [ ✌⏹♓❍☜●] n.动物,兽a.动物的anniversary [,æni'və:səri] n. 周年纪念日announce [☜⏹♋◆⏹♦] vt.宣布,宣告,发表annoy [☜⏹♓] vt.使恼怒;打搅annual [ ✌⏹◆☜●] a.每年的n.年报another [☜⏹✈❆☜]a.再一个的;别的answer [ ⏹♦☜] vt.回答;响应;适应ant [✌⏹♦]n.蚂蚁Antarctic [ænt'ɑ:ktik] adj. 南极的;南极地带的n. 南极地区;南极洲anxiety [✌☠♈♋♓☜♦♓] n.焦虑,忧虑;渴望anxious [ ✌☠☞☜♦]a.忧虑的;渴望的any [ ♏⏹♓] a.什么,一些;任何的anybody [ ♏⏹♓♌♎♓]prep.任何人anyhow [ ♏⏹♓♒♋◆] ad.无论如何anyone [ ♏⏹♓♦✈⏹] pron.任何人anything [ ♏⏹♓♓☠] pron.任何事物;一切anyway[ ♏⏹♓♦♏♓] ad.无论如何anywhere [ ♏⏹♓♦☪☜] ad.在什么地方apart[☜☐♦]ad.相隔;分开;除去apartment[☜☐♦❍☜⏹♦ n.一套公寓房间apologize[☜☐●☜♎✞♋♓] vi.道歉,谢罪,认错apology[☜☐●☜♎✞♓] n.道歉,认错,谢罪appeal[☜☐♓●]vi.&n.呼吁;申述appear[☜☐♓☜] vi.出现;来到;似乎appearance [☜☐♓☜❒☜⏹♦] n.出现,来到;外观apple [ ✌☐●] n.苹果,苹果树application [ ✌☐●♓♏♓☞☜⏹] n.请求,申请;施用apply [☜☐●♋♓] vt.应用,实施,使用appoint [☜☐♓⏹♦] vt.任命,委任;约定appointment [☜☐♓⏹♦❍☜⏹♦] n.任命;约定,约会appreciate [ə'pri:ʃieit]vt. 欣赏;感激;鉴别;领会vi. 增值;涨价approach [☜☐❒☜◆♦☞] vt.向…靠近n.靠近approve [ə'pru:v] vt. 批准;赞成;为…提供证据vi. 批准;赞成;满意Arab['ærəb] n. 阿拉伯人;阿拉伯马architecture [ ♓♦♏♦☞☜] n.建筑学;建筑式样Arctic['ɑ:ktik] adj. 北极的;极寒的n. 北极圈;御寒防水套鞋area [ ☪☜❒♓☜]n.面积;地区;领域argue [ ♈◆] vi.争论,争辩,辩论argument [ ♈◆❍☜⏹♦] n.争论,辩论;理由arise(arose arisen)[☜❒♋♓] vi.出现;由…引起arm [ ❍] n.臂;臂状物;武器army [ ❍♓]n.军队;陆军around [☜❒♋◆⏹♎] prep.在…周围arrange [☜❒♏♓⏹♎✞]vt.筹备;整理;调解arrest [☜❒♏♦♦] vt.逮捕,拘留;阻止arrival [☜❒♋♓☜●] n.到达;到来;到达者arrive [☜❒♋♓] vi.到达;来临;达到arrow[ ✌❒☜◆] n.箭;箭状物art [ ♦] n.艺术,美术;技术article[ ♦♓●]n.文章;条款;物品as [✌] conj.当…的时候ash [✌☞]n.灰,灰末;骨灰ashamed [☜☞♏♓❍♎]a.惭愧(的);羞耻(的)Asia [ ♏♓☞☜]n.亚洲Asian [ ♏♓☞☜⏹]a.亚洲的n.亚洲人aside [☜♦♋♓♎] ad.在旁边,到旁边ask [ ♦] vt.问;要求;邀请asleep [☜♦●♓☐]a.睡着的,睡熟的aspect [ ✌♦☐♏♦]n.方面;样子,外表assess[☜♦♏♦] vt.对(财产等)估价assist [☜♦♓♦♦]vt.援助,帮助;搀扶assistant [☜♊♦✋♦♦☜⏹♦]n.助手,助理;助教association [☜♦☜◆♦♓♏♓☞☜⏹] n.协会,团体;联合astonish [☜♦♦⏹♓☞] vt.使惊讶,使吃惊astronaut [ ✌♦♦❒☜⏹♦] n.宇宙航行员,宇航员astronomy [ə'strɔnəmi] n. 天文学at [✌♦]prep.在…里;在…时athlete [ ✌●♓♦]n.运动员;田径运动员Atlantic [☜♦●✌⏹♦♓] a.大西洋的n.大西洋atmosphere [ ✌♦❍☜♦♐♓☜]n.大气;空气;气氛atom [ ✌♦☜❍] n.原子;微粒;微量attach [☜♦✌♦☞] vt.缚,系,贴;附加attack [☜♦✌] vt.&vi.&n.攻击,进攻attempt [☜♦♏❍☐♦]vt.尝试,试图n.企图attend [☜♦♏⏹♎]vt.出席;照顾,护理attention [☜♦♏⏹☞☜⏹] n.注意,留心;注意力attitude[ ✌♦♓♦◆♎]n.态度,看法;姿势attract[☜♦❒✌♦] vt.吸引;引起,诱惑audience [ ♎☜⏹♦] n.听众,观众,读者aunt [ ⏹♦] n.伯母,婶母,姑母Australia [ ♦♦❒♏♓●☜] n.澳大利亚Australian [ ♦♦❒♏♓●♓☜⏹]a.澳大利亚的author[ ☜] n.作者,作家authority [ ❒♓♦♓] n.当局,官方;权力autumn[ ♦☜❍] n.秋,秋季available [☜♏♓●☜♌●]a.可利用的;通用的avenue[ ✌♓⏹◆] n.林荫道,道路;大街average[ ✌☜❒♓♎✞] n.平均数a.平均的avoid [☜♓♎] vt.避免,躲开;撤消awake(awoke awoken)[☜♦♏♓]a.醒着的vt.唤醒award[☜♦♎]n.奖,奖品;判定aware[☜♦☪☜]a.知道的,意识到的away[☜♦♏♓] ad.离开,远离;…去awful[ ♐◆●]a.令人不愉快的awkward [ ♦☜♎] a.笨拙的;尴尬的B baby[ ♌♏♓♌♓] n.婴儿;孩子气的人back[♌✌] ad.在后;回原处;回background [ ♌✌♈❒♋◆⏹♎] n.背景,后景,经历backward [ ♌✌♦☜♎] a.向后的;倒的ad.倒backwardsbad(worse worst)[♌✌♎]a.坏的,恶的;严重的badminton [ ♌✌♎❍♓⏹♦☜⏹]n.羽毛球bag[♌✌♈] n.袋,包,钱包,背包baggage [ ♌✌♈♓♎✞]n.行李bake [♌♏♓] vt.烤,烘,焙;烧硬balance [ ♌✌●☜⏹♦] vt.使平衡;称n.天平ball [♌●]n.球,球状物;舞会balloon [♌☜●◆⏹] n.气球,玩具气球bamboobanana [♌☜⏹⏹☜]n.香蕉;芭蕉属植物band[♌✌⏹♎] n.乐队;带;波段bar[♌☎❒✆] n.酒吧间;条,杆;栅barbecuebarber [ ♌♌☜]n.理发师bare [♌☪☜] a.赤裸的;仅仅的bargain [ ♌♈♓⏹]n.交易vi.议价;成交bark [♌] n.吠叫声vi.吠,叫baseballbasic[ ♌♏♓♦♓]a.基本的,基础的basin [ ♌♏♓♦⏹] n.盆,洗脸盆;盆地basis [ ♌♏♓♦♓♦] n.基础,根据basket[♌♦♓♦] n.篮,篓,筐basketball [ ♌♦♓♦♌●] n.篮球;篮球运动bath [♌] n.浴,洗澡;浴缸bathe [♌♏♓❆] vt.给…洗澡;弄湿bathroom [ ♌❒◆❍] n.浴室;盥洗室battery [ ♌✌♦☜❒♓] n.电池;一套,一组battle [ ♌✌♦●]n.战役;斗争vi.作战bay [♌♏♓]n.湾;山脉中的凹处Be(am is are was were being been)[♌♓] aux.v.&vi.是,在,做beach [♌♓♦☞] n.海滩,湖滩,河滩bean [♌♓⏹] n.豆,蚕豆been curdbear [♌☪☜] n.熊;粗鲁的人bear [♌☪☜] vt.容忍;负担;生育beard [♌♓☜♎] n.胡须,络腮胡子beast [♌♓♦♦] n.兽,野兽;牲畜beat(beat beaten)[♌♓♦] vt.&vi.打,敲;打败beautiful [ ♌◆♦♓] a.美的,美丽的beauty [ ♌◆♦♓]n.美,美丽;美人because[♌♓] conj.由于,因为become(became become)[♌♓✈❍] vi.变成;成为,变得bed [♌♏♎]n.床,床位;圃;河床bedroombee [♌♓] n.蜂,密蜂;忙碌的人beef [♌♓♐]n.牛肉;菜牛beer [♌♓☜]n.啤酒before [♌♓♐] prep.在…以前;向…beg[♌♏♈]vt.&vi.乞求;请求begin [♌♓♈✋⏹] vi.开始vt.开始behalf [♌♓♒♐] n.利益,维护,支持behave[♌♓♒♏♓]vi.表现,举止;运转behavior(Am behavior)[♌♓♒♏♓☜] n.行为,举止,态度behind[♌♓♒♋♓⏹♎] prep.在…后面belief[♌♓●♓♐] n.信任,相信;信念believe[♌♓●♓] vt.相信;认为bell [♌♏●] n.钟,铃,门铃;钟声belong[♌♓●☠] vi.属于,附属below [♌♓●☜◆] prep.在…下面(以下)belt[♌♏●♦] n.带,腰带;皮带;区bend(bent bent)[♌♏⏹♎] vt.使弯曲vi.弯曲beneath[♌♓⏹♓] prep.在…下方beneficial [♌♏⏹♓♐♓☞☜●] a.有利的,有益的benefit [ ♌♏⏹♓♐♓♦]n.利益;恩惠;津贴bentbeside[♌♓♦♋♓♎] prep.在…旁边besides [♌♓♦♋♓♎] ad.而且prep.除…之外between [♌♓♦♦♓⏹]prep.在…中间beyond [♌♓⏹♎]prep.在…的那边Bicycle(bike)[ ♌♋♓♦♓●] n.自行车,脚踏车big [♌♓♈]a.大的,巨大的bill [♌♓●]n.账单;招贴;票据biographybiology [♌♋♓●☜♎✞♓]n.生物学;生态学bird [♌☜♎]n.鸟,禽birth[♌☜]n.分娩,出生;出身birthday[ ♌♎♏✋]n.生日,诞生的日期birthplacebiscuit [ ♌♓♦♓♦]n.(英)饼干;(美)软饼bit[♌♓♦] n.一点,一些,小片bite (bit bitten)[♌♋♓♦] vt.咬,叮,螫;剌穿bitter [ ♌♓♦☜] a.痛苦的;严寒的black [♌●✌]a.黑色的;黑暗的blackboard [ ♌●✌♌♎]n.黑板blame [♌●♏♓❍]vt.责备,把…归咎于blank [♌●✌☠] a.空白的n.空白blanket[ ♌●✌☠♓♦] n.毛毯,毯子,羊毛毯bleed [♌●♓♎] vi.出血,流血;泌脂bless [♌●♏♦] vt.为…祝福blind [♌●♋♓⏹♎] a.瞎的;盲目的block [♌●] n.街区vt.堵塞,拦阻blood [♌●✈♎] n.血,血液;血统blouseblow(blew blown)[♌●☜◆]vi.吹,吹动;吹响blue [♌●◆] a.蓝色的n.蓝色board [♌♎] n.板vt.上(船、车等)boat [♌☜◆♦]n.小船,艇;渔船body [ ♌♎♓]n.身体;主体;尸体boil[♌♓●] vi.沸腾;汽化vt.煮沸bomb[♌❍] n.炸弹vt.轰炸bone [♌☜◆⏹] n.骨,骨骼book [♌◆] n.书,书籍vt.预定boot [♌◆♦]n.靴子,长统靴border[ ♌♎☜]n.边,边缘;边界boredboringborn [♌⏹]a.天生的;出生的borrow[ ♌❒☜◆]vt.借,借用,借人boss[♌♦] n.老板,上司vt.指挥both[♌☜☺] pron.两者(都)bother [ ♌❆☜] vt.烦扰,迷惑n.麻烦bottle [ ♌♦●] n.瓶,酒瓶;一瓶bottom [ ♌♦☜❍] n.底,底部,根基bounce [♌♋◆⏹♦] vi.反跳,弹起;跳起bow [♌♋◆] n.弓;蝴蝶结;鞠躬bowl[♌☜◆●] n.碗,钵;碗状物box [♌♦] n.箱,盒;包箱boy [♌♓]n.男孩,少年;家伙brain[♌❒♏♓⏹] n.脑,脑髓;脑力branch [♌❒⏹♦☞] n.树枝;分部;分科brand[♌❒✌⏹♎] n.商品;烙印vt.铭刻brave[♌❒♏♓] a.勇敢的,华丽的braverybread[♌❒♏♎] n.面包;食物,粮食break(broke broken)[♌❒♏♓] vt.打破;损坏;破坏breakfast[ ♌❒♏♐☜♦♦]n.早饭,早餐breakthroughbreast [♌❒♏♦♦] n.乳房;胸脯,胸膛breath [♌❒♏] n.气息,呼吸;气味breathe[♌❒♓❆] vi.呼吸vt.呼吸brick[♌❒♓] n.砖,砖块;砖状物bridebridegroombridge [♌❒♓♎✞] n.桥,桥梁;桥牌brief[♌❒♓♐] a.简短的;短暂的bright [♌❒♋♓♦] a.明亮的;聪明的bring(brought brought)Britain[ ♌❒♓♦☜⏹] n.不列颠,英国British[ ♌❒♓♦♓☞] a.不列颠的,英联邦的broad [♌❒♎]a.宽的,阔的;广泛的broadcast(broadcast broadcast或-ed –ed)[ ♌❒♎♦♦] n.广播,播音broken[ ♌❒☜◆☜⏹]a.被打碎的,骨折的broom [♌❒◆❍]n.扫帚brother [ ♌❒✈❆☜] n.兄弟;同事,同胞brown [♌❒♋◆⏹]n.褐色,棕色brush[♌❒✈☞] n.刷子,毛刷;画笔budgetbuild(built built)[♌♓●♎] vt.建筑;建立;创立building[ ♌♓●♎♓☠] n.建筑物,大楼;建筑burden[ ♌☜♎⏹]n.担子,重担;装载量burn (burnt burnt或-ed –ed)[♌☜⏹]vi.烧,燃烧n.烧伤burst [♌☜♦♦]vt.使爆裂vi.&n.爆炸bury [ ♌♏❒♓]vt.埋葬,葬;埋藏bus[♌✈♦]n.公共汽车bush [♌◆☞]n.灌木,灌木丛,矮树business[ ♌♓⏹♓♦] n.商业,生意;事务businessman(pl.businessmen)businesswoman(pl.bussinesswomen)busy [ ♌♓♓]a.忙的,繁忙的but [♌✈♦] conj.但是,可是butcher[ ♌◆♦☞☜] n.屠夫;屠杀者butter [ ♌✈♦☜] n.黄油;奶油butterfly[ ♌✈♦☜♐●♋♓]n.蝴蝶button [ ♌✈♦⏹] n.扣子;按钮vt.扣紧buy[♌♋♓]vt.买,购买vi.买by [♌♋♓]prep.在…旁;被,由bye。
2010年12月高等学校英语应用能力考试B级真题及完整解析
Part I Listening ComprehensionSection A1. A. Here you are. B. That’s nice.C. Don’t worry.D. It doesn’t matter.2. A. No, you can’t. B. Yes, I am.C. Please don’t.D. Fine, thanks.3. A. No, it isn’t. B. Yes, it is.C. Quite well.D. Thanks a lot.4. A. Hurry up. B Take it easy.C. No problem.D. Mind your steps.5. A. After you ,please. B. Take care.C. This way, please.D. Sure, I will.Section B6. A. A writer. B. A musician.C. An engineer.D. A doctor.7. A. Very interesting. B. Rather difficult.C. Too simple.D. Quite good.8. A. She hasn’t got the job. B. She hasn’t pass the exam.C. She has got a headache.D. She has lost her bag.9. A. On the television. B. In the newspaper.C. On the Internet.D. From a friend.10. A. Training. B. Sales.C. Service.D. Quality.Section CGood morning, Mr. Black. Take a seat, please.Welcome to the 11 . Before we start, let me give you some idea of what I’d like to talk about you today. 12 , you’ll be given a few minutes to introduce yourself. You ca n tell us about your education, job 13 , interests, hobbies, or anything else you’d like to tell us. After that, I’ll give you some information about our company and the job you are 14 . If you have any question about the job, 15 to a sk me. I’ll be happy to answer them. Now, let’s start.Part II Vocabulary & StructureSection A16. The report gives a picture of the company’s future development.A. centralB. cleanC. clearD. comfortable17. The company has been producing this model of machine tool 2008.A. sinceB. afterC. forD. before18. Please your report carefully before you hand it in to me.A. turn toB. bring aboutC. go overD. put up19. The next board meeting will focus the benefits for the employees.A. byB. forC. withD. on20. Breakfast can be to you in your room for an additional charge.A. eatenB. servedC. usedD. made21. If more money had been invested, we a factory in Asia.A. will set upB. have set upC. would have set upD. had set up22. Even in small companies, computers are a(n) tool.A. naturalB. essentialC. carefulD. impossible23. We were excited to learn that the last month’s sales by 30%.A. had increasedB. increaseC. are increasingD. have increased24. your name and job title, the business card should also include your telephone number and address.A. As far asB. In addition toC.In spite ofD.As a result of25. Have you read our letter of December 18, in we complained about the quality of your product?A. thatB. whereC. whatD. whichSection B26. Could you tell me the (different) between American and British English in business writing?27. John is the (good) engineer we have ever hired in our department.28. The people there were really friendly and supplied us with a lot of (use) information.29. You’d better (give) me a call before you come to visit us.30. Greenpeace is an international (organize) that works to protect the environment.31. The final decision (make) by the team leader early next week.32. Have you ever noticed any (improve) in the work environment of our factory?33. We can arrange for your car to (repair) within a reasonable period of time.34. It was only yesterday that the chief engineer (email) us the details information about the project.35. We have received your letter of May 10th, (inform) us of the rise of the price.2008年12月说明:假定你是JKM公司的Thomas Black, 刚从巴黎(Paris)出差回来,请给在巴黎的Jane Costa小姐写一封感谢信。
考研英语词汇大全之2010年考研英语真题词汇讲解
考研英语词汇大全之2010年考研英语真题词汇讲解考研英语大纲词汇5500,要全部熟练掌握不是那么容易,尤其对于背单词尤为头疼的考生,在背单词时最好能够把握一些重点和常考词汇,主次分明,更加有效率。
下面凯程在线分享历年真题中涉及的词汇,配以真题例句,帮助考生更好的来学习。
下面是2010年真题词汇讲解,大家看看。
1.affect(vt.影响)[真题例句]It hoped they would learn how shop-floor lighting affected workers' productivity.(美国国家研究委员会)希望他们能够弄清楚车间照明是如何影响工人的生产效率的。
【考研,2010,完形】2.end up(最终成为),act(二.行为)[真题例句]Instead, the studies ended up giving their name to the "Hawthorne effect," theextremely influential idea that the very act of being experimented upon changed subjects’behavior.不过,这些研究最终被命名为“霍桑效应”,这个极具影响力的概念说明受试者会因为自己正在接受实验这一行为而改变自身行为。
【考研,2010,完形】3. perplex (vt.使困惑,使费解)[真题例句〕The idea arose because of the perplexing behaviorof thewomen in the plant.该厂女工令人费解的行为使他们产生了这样的想法。
【考研,2010,完形】4.account(n.描述,叙述)[真题例句〕According to accounts of the experiments,theirhourly output rose when lightingwas increased, but also when it was dimmed.根据实验记录,不论是加强还是减少照明,她们每小时的产量都会增加。
江苏省2010届高考考纲词汇(英语)
江苏省2010届高考考纲词汇说明:本词汇表以教育部颁发的普通高中英语课程标准(实验)词汇表和话题项目表为依据,对2009年江苏省英语考试说明词汇表进行了适当的调整,旨在使其更好地适应我省考生英语学习的实际需要。
本词汇表删去了原表中非常用词169个,均为朗文当代高级英语辞典及其他常用词典词频表中3000常用词以外的词汇。
新增单词169个,均为以上词频表中3000以内常用词,新增词汇均以“*”标出。
经调整后本词表共收录3500词。
*本词汇表不列词组和短语。
*本词汇表不列语法术语。
*部分可根据构词法推导出的副词、名词等不单列。
%国家名称及相关信息单独列出。
*数字(含基数词、序数词)、星期、月份等词单独列出。
Aa (an) art. 一(个、件……)abandon v. 放弃,遗弃ability n. 能力;才能able a. 能够;有能力的abnormal a.反常的,不正常的aboard prep./adv.搭乘abolish v.废除,废止about ad. 大约;到处;四处prep. 关于;在各处;四处above prep. 在……上面a. 上面的ad. 在……之上abroad ad. 到(在)国外abrupt a.突然的,意外的,粗鲁的absence n. 不在,缺席absent a. 缺席,不在absolute a.纯粹的,绝对的absorb v.吸收,吸取abstract a.& n.抽象的/精粹,摘要absurd a.不合理的,荒谬的abundant a.丰富的,充足的abuse v.滥用,辱骂academic a. & n. 学术上的/大学生,教师accelerate v.增速,加速accent n. 口音,音调accept vt. 接受*acceptable a. 值得接受的, 可接受的access n.& v. 接近,进入,通道/存取accessible a.易到手的,易接近的accident n. 事故,意外的事accommodation n.住宿设备,便利accompany v.伴随,伴奏accomplish v.完成,实现,达到*according ad. 按照,依据account n. 账目;描述accountant n.会计师,会计人员accuracy n.正确,精确accurate a.正确的,精确的accuse v.控告,告发accustomed a.习惯的,惯常的ache vi.& n. 痛,疼痛achieve vt. 达到,取得achievement n.完成,成就acid a.酸的,刻薄的acknowledge v.承认,认为acquire v.学得,获得acquisition n.获得,取得acre n.英亩across prep. 横过,穿过act n. 法令,条例v. (戏)表演,扮演(角色),演出(戏);行动,做事action n. 行动active a. 积极的,主动的activity n. 活动actor n. 男演员actress n. 女演员actual a. 实际的;现实的AD n. 公元ad (缩) =advertisementn.广告adapt v.使适应,使适合/改编add vt. 添加,增加addition n. 增加;(算数用语)加address n. 地址adequate a.充分的,足够的adjust v.调整,调节/顺应adjustment n.调整,调节administration n.管理,经营admirable a.极好的,值得称赞的admire v. 钦佩;羡慕admission n. 准入, 接纳admit vt. 承认,准许(入场,入学,入会)adolescent n.青少年adopt v.采用,采纳adult n. 成年人advance v./ n. 推进,促进;前进advantage n. 优点;好处adventure n. 冒险;奇遇advertise vt. 为……做广告advertisement n. 广告advice n. 忠告,劝告,建议advise vt. 忠告,劝告,建议advocate v. 拥护,主张affair n. 事,事情affect vt. 影响affection n.情爱,爱情afford vt. 负担得起(……的费用)抽得出(时间);提供afraid a. 害怕的;担心Africa n. 非洲African a. 非洲的,非洲人的n. 非洲人after ad. 在后;后来prep. 在……之后;在……后面conj. 在……以后afternoon n. 下午,午后afterwards ad. 后来again ad. 再一次;再,又against prep. 对着,反对age n. 年龄;时代agency n.代办处/局agenda n.会议议程agent n.代理人,代办人,中间商aggressive a. 侵略的;咄咄逼人的ago ad. 以前agree v. 同意;应允agreement n. 同意,一致;协定,协议agricultural a. 农业的agriculture n. 农业,农学ahead ad. 在前,向前aid n. 援助;救护;辅助器具AIDS n. 艾滋病aim n. 目的;目标v. 计划,打算;瞄准;针对air n. 空气;大气aircraft n. 飞机(单复数同)airline n. 航空公司;航空系统airmail n. 航空邮件airplane n. (美)飞机airport n. 航空站,飞机场airspace n.领空;空域alarm n警钟, 警报器, 闹钟v警告album n.相册alcohol n.酒精alike ad.同样地alive a. 活着的,存在的all ad. 全部地a. 全(部);所有的;总;整pron. 全部;全体人员alley n.胡同,小道allocate v.分配,分派allow vt. 允许,准许allowance n.津贴,补贴*all right a&ad正确的, 方便的, 适宜的, 良好的, 好, 行almost ad. 几乎,差不多alone a. 单独的,孤独的along ad. 向前;和……一起;一同prep. 沿着;顺着alongside ad靠着边, 沿着边prep.(表示位置)在…旁边; 沿着…的边; 与…并排靠拢着aloud ad. 大声地alphabet n.全套字母already ad. 已经also ad. 也alternative a.(两者或以上)选其一的although conj. 虽然,尽管altitude n.海拔,高度altogether ad. 总共always ad. 总是;一直;永远am v. be的人称形式之一a.m./am,A.M./AM n. 午前,上午amateur n.爱好者a.业余的amaze v.惊奇,惊叹;震惊amazing a.惊人的,令人惊奇的ambassador n.大使ambassadress n.女大使,大使夫人ambiguous n.歧义的,意思含糊不清的ambition n.雄心,抱负ambulance n. 救护车among prep. 在……中间;在(三个以上)之间amount n.总额,数量v.总计,等于ample a.充分的,足够的amuse vt. (使人)快乐,逗乐amusement n. 娱乐analyse v.分析analysis n.分析ancestor n. 祖宗;祖先ancient a. 古代的,古老的and conj. 和;又;而anger n. 怒,愤怒angle n.角,角度angry a. 生气的,愤怒的animal n. 动物ankle n.足踝anniversary n.纪念日,纪念活动announce vt. 宣布,宣告annoy vt. (使)烦恼annual a adj.每年的, 年度的, 一年一次的n.一年生植物;年刊, 年报, 年鉴another a. 再一;另一;别的;不同的pron. 另一个answer n. 回答,答复;回信;答案v. 回答,答复;回信;(作出)答案ant n. 蚂蚁antique n. 古董anxiety n. 忧虑,焦急anxious a. 忧虑的,焦急的any pron. (无论)哪一个;哪些任何的(用于疑问句、否定句) 一些;什么anybody pron. 任何人,无论谁anyhow ad. 不管怎样anyone pron. 任何人,无论谁anything pron. 什么事(物);任何事(物)anyway ad. 不管怎样anywhere ad. 任何地方apart ad. 分开地apartment n. (美)楼中单元房,一套房间;房间apologize vi. 道歉,谢罪apology n. 道歉;歉意apparent a.外表的,明显的appeal v. & n. 要求,诉诸/恳求appear vi. 出现appearance n. 出现,露面;容貌appendix n.附属物,附录appetite n.食欲,渴望applaud v. & n.拍手喝彩,赞扬apple n. 苹果applicant n. 申请者,志愿者apply v. 申请appoint v.任命,指定appointment n. 约会appreciate v. 欣赏;感激approach n.& v. 接近/走近appropriate a.适当的,合适的approval n.批准,认可,赞成approve v.赞成,称许approximately ad.大概地,大约arch n.拱形门architect n.建筑师,设计师architecture n.建筑学area n. 面积;地域,地方,区域;范围,领域argue vi. 争辩,争论argument n. 争论,辩论arise (arose, arisen) vi. 起来,升起;出现arm1 n. 臂, 支架arm2 v. 以……装备,武装起来n. (美)武器,武力armchair n. 扶手椅army n. 军队around ad. 在周围;在附近prep. 在……周围;大约arrange v. 安排,布置arrangement n. 安排,布置arrest v.逮捕arrival n. 到来,到达arrive vi. 到达;达到arrow n. 箭;箭头art n. 艺术,美术;技艺article n. 文章;东西,物品;冠词artificial a. adj.人造的, 人工的, 假的artist n.艺术家as ad.& conj. 像……一样;如同;因为prep. 作为,当做ash n. 灰;灰末ashamed a. 惭愧;害臊Asia n. 亚洲Asian a. 亚洲的,亚洲人的n. 亚洲人aside ad. 在旁边ask v. 问,询问;请求,要求;邀请asleep a. 睡着的,熟睡aspect n.方面assignment n.任务,任命,作业assist v.帮助,帮忙assistance n.帮助,援助assistant n. 助手,助理associate v.联想,交往association n.联合,联想assume v.假定;承担assumption n.假定;承担astonish vt. 使惊讶at prep. 在(几点钟);在(某处)athlete n. 运动员Atlantic a. 大西洋的atmosphere n. 大气;气氛atom n. 原子,微粒attach n.贴上,附加attack vt. / n.攻击,袭击attain v.达成,完成,获得attempt vt. 试图,尝试attend v. 看护,照料,服侍;出席,参加attention n. 注意,关心attitude n. 态度,看法attract v. 吸引,引起attraction n. 吸引,引起attractive a. 迷人的,有吸引力的audience n. 观众,听众aunt n. 伯母;舅母;婶;姑;姨authentic n.可靠的,可信的author n. 作者,作家authority n.权威,权力automatic a.自动的autumn n. 秋天,秋季available a.可利用的,可得到的avenue n. 大道average a. 平均的;普通的n. 平均数avoid v. 避免,躲开,逃避awake (awoke, awoken)v. 唤醒醒着的award n. 奖品,奖励aware a. 意识到的, 知道的away ad. 离开;远离awful a.可怕的,吓人的awkward a.笨拙的,不熟练的Bbaby n. 婴儿bachelor n.单身汉,学士back ad. 回(原处);向后a. 后面的n. 背后,后部;背background n. 背景backward(s) ad. 向后bacon n. 咸猪肉;熏猪肉bad (worse, worst) a. 坏的;有害的,不利的;严重的bag n. 书包;提包;袋子baggage n. 行李bake v. 烤;烘(面包)bakery n. 面包店balance n. 平衡balcony n. 阳台;楼座ball n. 球ball n. 舞会ballet n. 芭蕾舞balloon n. 气球bamboo n. 竹ban n. 禁令v. 禁止;取缔banana n. 香蕉band n.带,一伙,乐队,波段bandage n. 绷带bank n. (河、海、湖的)岸,堤bank n. 银行bar n. 条;(长方)块,棒,横木bar n. (酒店的)买酒柜台;酒吧;(卖东西的)柜台barbecue n. 烤肉野餐barber n. (为男人理发的)理发师bare a.赤裸的,露骨的bargain n. (经讨价还价之后)成交的商品;廉价货v. 讨价还价bark v. 狗叫n. 狗叫声barrier n.障碍物base n. 根据地,基地;(棒球)垒baseball n. 棒球basement n. 地下室basic a. 基本的basin n. 盆, 碗;流域basis n.基础,根据basket n. 篮子basketball n. 篮球bat n. (棒球、板球的)球棒bat n. 蝙蝠bath n. 洗澡;浴室;澡盆bathe vi. 洗澡;游泳bathroom n. 浴室,盥洗室bathtub n. 澡盆battery n. 电池battle n. 战斗;战役bay n. 湾;海湾BC n. 公元前be v. 是(原形),其人称和时态形式有am, is, are, was, were, being, beenbeach n. 海滨,海滩bean n. 豆,豆科植物bear1 v. 承受,负担,承担;忍受;容忍bear2 n. 熊beard n. (下巴上的)胡须beast n. 野兽;牲畜beat (beat, beaten) v. 敲打;跳动;打赢n. (音乐)节拍beautiful a. 美的,美丽的,美观的beauty n. 美丽,美人because conj. 因为become (became, become) v. 变得;成为bed n. 床beddings n.卧具;寝具,铺盖;(给动物栖息的)垫草bedroom n. 寝室,卧室bee n.蜜蜂beef n. 牛肉beer n. 啤酒before prep. 在……以前;在……前面ad. 以前conj. 在……之前beg v. 请求,乞求,乞讨begin(began,begun) v. 开始,着手*beginning n开始,起点,根源behalf n. 方面;利益;赞同behave v. 守规矩,行为behaviour n. 行为,举止behind prep. (表示位置)在……后面ad. 在后面;向后being n. 物;生物;人belief n. 信条,信念believe v. 相信,认为bell n. 钟,铃;钟(铃)声;钟形物belly n. 肚子belong vi. 属,附属below prep. 在……下面belt n. (皮)带bench n. 长凳;工作台bend (bent, bent) vt. 使弯曲beneath prep. 在……下方(面)beneficial a.有意的,有利的benefit n.& v. 利益/对……有意beside prep. 在……旁边;靠近besides prep. 除……以外(还有)ad. 还有,此外betray v.背叛between prep. 在(两者)之间;在……中间beyond prep. (表示位置) 在……的那边bicycle n. 自行车bid v.& n. 出价,喊价/投标big a. 大的bike = bicycle n. 自行车bill n.账单;法案,议案;(美)钞票,纸币biology n. 生物(学)bird n. 鸟birth n. 出生;诞生birthday n. 生日birthplace n. 出生地;故乡biscuit n. 饼干bit n. 一点,一些,少量的bite (bit, bitten)v. 咬;叮bitter a. 有苦味的;痛苦的,难过的;严酷的black n. 黑色a. 黑色的blockboard n. 黑板blame n.& v. 责备;责怪blank n.& a. 空格,空白(处);空的;茫然无表情的blanket n. 毛毯,毯子bleed vi. 出血,流血bless vt. 保佑,降福blind a. 瞎的block n. 大块;(木、石等)块;街区;路障vt. 阻塞;阻挡*blonde n.白肤金发碧眼女人blood n. 血,血液blouse n. 宽罩衫;(妇女、儿童穿的)短上衣blow n. 击;打击blow (blew, blown) v. 吹;刮风;吹气blue1 n. 蓝色a.蓝色的blue2 a. 悲伤的;沮丧的board n. 木板;布告牌;委员会;(政府的)部v. 上(船、火车、飞机)boat n. 小船,小舟body n. 身体boil v. 沸腾;烧开;煮……bomb n.炸弹& v.轰炸,投弹于;失败,不及格;快速前进bond n. & v. 束缚/使接合bone n. 骨头,骨质(复数bones骨骼;骨骸)bonus n.奖金,津贴book n. 书;本子v. 预定,定(房间、车票等)booklet n. 小册子boom n. & v. 隆隆声/隆隆作响boot n. 长统靴;靴border n. 边缘;边境,国界bored a. 乏味的,无聊的boring a. 令人乏味的,无聊的born a. 出生borrow v. (向别人)借用;借boss n. 领班;老板both a. 两;双pron. 两者;双方bother vt. & vi.打扰, 烦扰, 搅扰, 使恼怒;迷惑, 把…弄糊涂; (使)不安, (使)紧张n.麻烦, 不便, 忧虑;令人烦恼的人或事物; 引起麻烦的人或事物bottle n. 瓶子bottom n. 底部;底bounce v.弹起boundary n.边界,分界线bow v.& n. 鞠躬,弯腰行礼bowl n. 碗bowling n.保龄球运动box n. 盒子,箱子boxing n. 拳击(运动)boy n. 男孩boycott v.联合抵制brain n. 脑(子)brake n. 闸vi. 刹车branch n. 树枝;分枝;分公司,分店;支部brave a. 勇敢的bravery n. 勇气bread n. 面包break n. 间隙break (broke, broken) v. 打破(断,碎);损坏,撕开breakfast n. 早餐breakthrough n.突破,跃进breast n.胸部breath n. 气息;呼吸breathe vi. 呼吸breathless a.喘不过气来的brick n. 砖;砖块bride n. 新娘bridegroom n. 新郎bridge n. 桥brief a. 简洁的bright a. 明亮的;聪明的brilliant a.艳丽的,优秀的bring (brought, brought)vt. 拿来,带来,取来broad a. 宽的,宽大的broadcast n. 广播节目broadcast (broadcast, broadcast或 ed, ed)vt. 广播broken a. 弄坏了的broom n. 扫帚brother n. 兄;弟brown n. 褐色,棕色a. 褐色的,棕色的brush v. 刷;擦n. 刷子budget n.预算buffet n.打击,冲击build (built, built)v. 建筑;造building n. 建筑物;房屋;大楼bump v. & n.撞/碰撞bunch n. 串,束burden n.负担,重担bureaucratic a.官僚的,官僚主义的burglar n.窃贼;破门盗窃者burn v. 燃,烧,着火;使烧焦;使晒黑n. 烧伤;晒伤burst v. 突然发生;突然发作bury vt. 埋;葬bus n. 公共汽车bush n. 灌木丛,矮树丛business n. (本分)工作,职业;职责;生意,交易;事业businessman n. 商人(男);男企业家businesswoman n. 商人(女);女企业家busy a. 忙(碌)的but conj. 但是,可是prep. 除了,除……外butcher n. vt. 肉店;屠夫屠宰(动物);残杀(人)butter n. 黄油,奶油butterfly n. 蝴蝶button n. 纽扣;(电铃等的)按钮v. 扣(纽扣)buy (bought,bought) vt. 买by prep. 靠近,在……旁;在……时间;不迟于;被;用;由;乘(车)bye int. 再见Ccab n. (美)出租车cabbage n. 卷心菜,洋白菜cafe n. 咖啡馆;餐馆cafeteria n. 自助餐厅cage n 笼;鸟笼cake n. 蛋糕,糕点;饼calculate v.计算call n. 喊,叫;电话,通话v. 称呼;呼唤;喊,叫calm a. 镇静的;沉着的v. 镇静;沉着camel n. 骆驼camera n. 照相机;摄像机camp n. (夏令)营vi. 野营;宿营campaign n.运动;战役vi.参加运动,参加竞选can1 v. 可能;能够;可以不能can2 n. (美)罐头;罐子(美)垃圾桶开罐器canal n. 运河;水道cancel vt. 取消cancer n. 癌candidate n.侯选人candle n. 蜡烛candy n. 糖果canteen n. 餐厅;食堂cap n. (无檐的或仅在前面有檐的)帽子;(瓶子的)盖;(钢笔等的)笔套capable a.有能力的,能干的capital n. 首都,省会;大写;资本capsule n.胶囊captain n. (海军)上校;船长,舰长;队长car n. 汽车,车厢carbon n. 碳卡片;card n.名片;纸牌care n. 照料,保护;小心v. 介意……,在乎;关心*career n.职业;生涯careful a. 小心的,仔细的,谨慎的careless a. 粗心的,漫不经心的carpenter n.木匠carpet n. 地毯carriage n. 四轮马车;(火车)客车厢carrier n. 搬运者;媒介;(自行车等的)置物架;(车的)货架carrot n. 胡萝卜carry vt. 拿,搬,带,提,抬,背,抱,运等cartoon n. 动画片,卡通;漫画carve vt.刻;雕刻case n. 情况;病例;案件;真相case n. 箱;盒;容器cash n. 现金,现钞v. 兑现cassette n. 盒式录音带, 盒式录像带cast (cast, cast)v. 扔,抛,撒castle n. 城堡casual a.漠不关心,冷漠的;随便的,非正式的;偶然的,碰巧的cat n. 猫catalog(ue)n.目录,手册catastrophe n.大灾难,大灾害catch v. 接住;捉住;赶上;染上(疾病)category n.部门,范畴cater v.迎合,满足catholic a.广泛的Catholic a.天主教的cattle n. 牛(总称),家畜cause n. 原因,起因vt. 促使,引起,使发生caution n.小心,谨慎cautious a.谨慎的,慎重的cave n. 洞,穴;地窖CD 光盘(compact disk的缩写)ceiling n. 天花板,顶棚celebrate v. 庆祝celebration n. 庆祝;庆祝会cell n.(监狱的)单人牢房;(修道院等的)单人小室;(蜂巢的)小蜂窝,蜂房;[生物]细胞cent n. 美分(100 cents = 1 dollar)centigrade a. 摄氏的centimetre (美centimeter) n. 公分,厘米central a. 中心的,中央的;主要的centre (美center ) n. 中心,中央century n. 世纪,百年ceremony n.仪式,典礼certain a. (未指明真实名称的)某……确定的,无疑的;一定会……certificate n. 证明,证明书chain n. 链;链条chair n. 椅子chairman n. 主席,会长;议长chairwoman n. 女主席, 女会长;女议长chalk n. 粉笔challenge n.挑战(性)challenging a.具有挑战性的champion n. 冠军,优胜者chance n. 机会,可能性change n. 零钱;找头v. 改变,变化;更换;兑换changeable adj.可能变化的,易变的channel n.频道;通道;水渠chant v.& n.咏唱/圣歌chaos n.混乱,无秩序chapter n. 章character n. (汉)字,字体;品格characteristic a.独特的n.特征charge v. 要求收费;索价;将(电池)充电n. 费用;价钱charity n.慈善,宽容chart n. 图表;航海图chase v. & n. 追逐,追赶chat n. & vi. 聊天,闲谈cheap a. 便宜的,贱cheat n. & v. 骗取,哄骗;作弊check n. 检查;批改vt. 校对,核对;检查;批改cheek n. 面颊,脸蛋cheer n. & vi. 欢呼;喝彩cheerful a.兴高采烈的,快活的cheers int. 干杯,(英口语)谢谢,再见cheese n. 奶酪chemical a. 化学的n. 化学品chemist n. 药剂师;化学家chemistry n. 化学cheque (美check) n. 支票chess n. 棋chest n. 箱子;盒子;胸部chew vt. 咀嚼chicken n. 鸡;鸡肉chief a. 主要的;首要的n. 领导,头child (复children) n. 孩子,儿童childhood n. 幼年时代,童年chocolate n. 巧克力choice n. 选择;抉择choke n. & v. 窒息choose (chose, chosen) vt. 选择chopsticks n. 筷子Christmas n. 圣诞节(12月25日)church n. 教堂;教会cigar n. 雪茄烟cigarette n. 纸烟,香烟cinema n. 电影院;电影circle n. vt. 圆圈将……圈起来circuit n.一圈,一周circumstance n.情况,情形,环境circus n. 马戏团citizen n. 公民;居民city n. 市,城市,都市civil a. 国内的;平民(非军人)的;民用的civilian n.平民civilization n.文明*claim vt.声称, 断言;需要, 值得;vt. & vi.对…提出要求, 索取&n. 主张, 断言;要求clap vi. 拍手;鼓掌clarify v.澄清,阐明class n. (学校里的)班;年级;课classic a. 传统的;古典的classify v.把……分类,分级classmate n. 同班同学classroom n. 教室*clause n.从句;条款claw n.爪clay n.黏土clean vt. 弄干净,擦干净a. 清洁的,干净的cleaner n. 清洁工;清洁器;清洁剂clear a. 清晰的;明亮的;清楚的clerk n. 书记员;办事员;职员clever a. 聪明的,伶俐的click v. 点击(计算机用语)*client n.委托人;顾客,常客climate n. 气候climb v. 爬,攀登clinic n. 诊所clock n. 钟clone n./vt. 克隆(无性繁殖出来的有机体群)close a. 亲密的;近,靠近ad. 近,靠近close vt. 关,关闭cloth n. 布clothes n. 衣服;各种衣物clothing n. (总称) 衣服cloud n. 云;云状物;阴影cloudy a. 多云的,阴天的club n. 俱乐部;纸牌中的梅花*clue n.线索,提示vt.为…提供最新情况clumsy a.笨拙的,愚笨的coach n. 教练;马车;长途车coal n. 煤;煤块coast n. 海岸;海滨coat n. 外套;涂层;表皮;皮毛vt. 给……穿外套;涂上cocoa n. 可可粉*code n.法典;代码,编码;电码vt将….译成电码coffee n. 咖啡coin n. 硬币Coke n. 可口可乐cold a. 冷的,寒的n. 寒冷;感冒,伤风*collapse vi.倒塌,塌下;崩溃,突然失败n. 倒塌,崩溃collar n. 衣领;硬领colleague n. 同事collect vt. 收集,搜集collection n. 收藏品,收集物college n. 学院;专科学校colour (美color) n. 颜色vt. 给……着色,涂色comb n. 梳子v. 梳combine vt. 使联合;使结合*combination n.合作,组合;联合体come (came, come) vi. 来,来到comedy n. 喜剧comfort n. 安慰;慰问comfortable a. 舒服的;安逸的;舒服自在的command n. & v. 命令comment n. 评论commercial a.商业的,贸易上的*commission n.授权,委托;委员会;佣金,回扣;vt.委任,委托commit v.犯commitment n.义务,责任/犯罪committee n.委员会common a. 普通的,一般的;共有的communicate v. 交际;传达(感情,信息等)communication n. 交际;交往;通讯Communism n. 共产主义Communist n. 共产主义者a. 共产党的;共产主义的community n.团体,社区companion n. 同伴;同事company n. 公司compare vt. 比较,对照compensate v.补偿,弥补compete vi. 比赛,竞赛competence n.能力,胜任competition n. 比赛,竞赛complaint n.抱怨,不满complete a. 完成的vt. 完成,结束complex a.& n.复合的,合成的/复合物complicated a.结构复杂的component n.构成要素,成分composition n. 作文;作曲comprehension n.理解,理解力compulsory a.强制性的,义务的computer n. 电子计算机concentrate v.集中,专注concept n.概念,观念concern v.& n.使关心/关系,挂念*concerned a.担心的,烦恼的,忧虑的concert n. 音乐会;演奏会conclude v. 完成,结束conclusion n. 结论;结束concrete a.具体的,有形的/水泥condition n. 条件,状况conduct vt. 引导,带领/经营conductor n. 管理人;指导者;(车上的)售票员,列车员;乐队指挥conference n. (正式的)会议;讨论confident a.充满自信的*confidence n.信任,自信,信心confidential a.机密的,可以信赖的confirm v.确定,证实conflict n.冲突confuse v.使困惑,使糊涂congratulation n. 祝贺,庆贺connect vt. 连接,把……联系起来connection n. 连接物;接触,联系conscience n.良心,道义感conscious a.察觉到的,意识到的consensus n.(意见等的)一致,同意consequence n.结果,后果conservation n. 保存;(自然资源的)保护,管理conservative a. n. 保守的,守旧的;保守主义的;谨慎的保守的人,保守主义consider vt. 考虑*considerable a.相当大的。
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考试说明单词讲解a/an1.a university/a usual story,European country/a useful book/useless,uniform,unit,European, an unusual, apple, umbrella, island, animal, hour, honour, Mp3,Mp4, e-mail,e-pal, e-dog,interesting, honest, old, angel, a,e,i ---,aneight—year---old boy,2. in a day or two3. a third book比较:the third booka.m.可以表达:a.m/AM./am/AMability1. the ability to do sth2. the ability of doing sth3. have the ability to do sth=be able to do sth=can do sthable1. be able to do sth=can do sth =have the ability to do sth2. an able man3.do sth. to the best of one’s ability 尽某人最大的努力=try/do one’s best to do4.be able to任意时态/can只有一般现在时和一般过去时could,about1.常于 about连用的动词有 be, agree, care, hear, know,learn, quarrel,take,tell,think,worried,等2.at about four o'clock3. about /on/about多用于技术一般的,较浅显的问题;on多用于比较大,理论性,科学性等问题3. be about to do sth4. what/how about sth/doingsth?above 1. stay above zero2. above 18 years old3. above all最重要的4. above/on/over;(1). above-below; 在上方,(斜)上方:(2). on (有接触的)上面;(3). over-under垂直上方;accenta northern accentspeak Chinese with a southern accent★acceptaccept:vt.接受,同意,承担(责任等)vi. 同意, 承认accept/receive: receive“接收,收到”但并不一定接受. accept“接受”★ache1 (持续性地)疼痛.2 ache+at 感到痛苦3 【口】ache+for/ to-v 极为想念,渴望accident1. a car/railway/traffic accident2. an accident happened to sb3. by accident偶然= by chanceacross1. walk/run/swimStreet/road/the Pacific/the bridge/river2. come across3. across/cross: (1)across为介词和副词;(2)cross为动词4. cross/through/over (1)across是横向介词,平面穿过(2)through是通过立体空间(3)over 表示翻过,越过action1. take action采取行动2. Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。
★active1 adj. 积极的2 be active in sth/doing sth积极参加3 take active part in4 n. activity/activites★add1 作及物动词,意为“加,增加,增添”。
2 作及物动词,意为“补充说”、“接着说”,后常接that从句。
例如:She added that he should never come to see her again. 她又说,他再也不必来看她了。
3 add... to... 把……加到……4 add to 增加, 加强5 add up to 总计达, 总共是6 add up 加起来, 总计admire1 admire sb.2 admire sb. for sth.3 admire sb. for doing sth.4 --n. admirationadvertisement1 =ad2 an advertisement for sth on TV3 advertise v. advertise for a job 登招请[待聘等]广告★advice1 n. 劝告, 忠告, 意见.a piece of advice,Good advice is beyond price.忠告好, 无价宝。
2 take advice 征求意见, 请教affect1 v. 影响affect sth.affect one's health2 n. affectioneffect n. have an effect on…=affect 对...有影响; 对..起作用, 产生效果effective adj.afford1常和 can,be able to连用2 afford sth.3 afford to do sth.4 afford/offer sb. sth.= afford/offer sth.to sb.afraid1 be afraid of sth./sb.2 be afraid of doing sth.3 be afraid to do sth.4 I'm afraid that...5 I'm afraid so/not.6 be afraid /frightened /scared of(doing)sth./to do sth.alive/asleep/alone/afraid不做定语living/sleeping/lonely 作定语africa1 in Africa2 adj./n. African★after1 prep. & conj. 在……之后;在……后面:2 after 与 in:两者均可与一段时间连用表示“在……之后”,其区别是:after表示以过去时间为起点的一段时间以后,且通常与过去时态连用;而in则表示以现在为起点的一段时间以后。
afternoon1 this/that/tomorrow afternoon2 in the (early/late) afternoon3 on Sunday afternoon4 on a cold afternoonagainl again and again2 over and over again3 与一些动词连用,如: repeat, rewrite, renew 等。
4 once again/more 再次★against1 prep.对着,与……对抗:反义词for2 against是介词,不是动词,不能单独用作谓语3 be against4 play againstage1 at the age of...=when sb. be...=at+数字years of age2 What's your age =How old are you?3 adj agedago1 long ago2 an hour ago3 long long ago/a short time ago4 ago/before:(1)ago以现在为起点,必须跟在时间段后,用于一般过去时。
(2)before跟在时间段后,指距过去某时多久以前,谓语动词用过去完成时:也可单独使用,泛指“从前”,谓语动词用一般将来时。
agree1 agree to do sth/to idea,plan,suggestion2 agree with sb=agree with one'sword=agree with what sb says3 agree on sth意见一致4.n. agreement★air1 n. 天空,空气2 in the air在空中3 in the open air在户外;在野外airplane1 by airplane2 on an airportall1 all day/ night2 all her life=her whole life3 all (the)afternoon4 all one's life/lives5 all of them=they all6 all over7 after all8 first of all9 in all10 all right11 all the time 12 not... at all13 all/whole;all 可接复数名词,限定词、物主代词;whole ‘整个的,所有的’后面大多数单数名词,限定词放在它前面。
all the students=the whole studentsallow1 allow doing sth2 allow sb to do sth3 be allowed to do sth.almost1 almost=very nearly2 almost/nearly(1)在修饰no,none,nothing, never, any以及no与any的合成词时,用almost而不用nearly.(2)nearly之前可用very,pretty,来装饰以加强语气,但almost 不可;nearly not,nearly+数字alone1 be alone2 alone=by oneself3 leave sb alone4 alone/lonely;(1)alone具有形容词和副词两个词性,lonely只具有形容词词性(2)feel lonely.a lonely vi llagealong1 walk along the street2 come along with…3 get along(well)with sbalreadyalready常用于完成时,但也可用于其他时态already/yetalready用于肯定句句中,yet用于否定句或疑问句句尾.also1 多位于虚后实前2 also/too/either/as well(1) also用于肯定句句中,多位于虚后实前(2) too用于肯定句句尾,前面多加逗号;(3)either用于否定句句尾,后接逗号,(4)as well用于肯定句句尾,前面不加逗号always1 all the time总是,一直,永远虚后实前2 be always doing sth此时表示说话者的感情色彩。