雅思考试模拟试题及答案解析(15)

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雅思考试阅读模拟试题及答案解析一(1篇)

雅思考试阅读模拟试题及答案解析一(1篇)雅思考试阅读模拟试题及答案解析一 1New evidence has linked a monly prescribed sleep medication with bizarre behaviours，including a case in which a woman painted her front door in her sleep.UK and Australian health agencies have released information about 240 cases of odd occurrences，including sleepwalking，amnesia and hallucinations among people taking the drug zolpidem.While doctors say that zolpidem can offer much-needed relief for people with sleep disorders，they caution that these newly reported cases should prompt a closer look at its possible side effects.Zolpidem，sold under the brand names Ambien，Stilnoct and Stilnox，is widely prescribed to treat insomnia and other disorders such as sleep apnea. Various forms of the drug，made by French pharmaceutical giant Sanofi-Aventis，were prescribed 674，500 times in 2005 in the UK.A newly published report from Australia’s Federal Health Department describes 104 cases of hallucinations and 62 cases of amnesia experienced by people taking zolpidem since marketing of the drug began there in 2000. The health department report also mentioned 16 cases of strangesleepwalking by people taking the medication.Midnight snackIn one of these sleepwalking cases a patient woke with a paintbrush in her hand after painting the front door to her house. Another case involved a woman who gained 23 kilograms over seven months while taking zolpidem. “It was only when she was discovered in front of an open refrigerator while asleep that the problem was resolved，” according to the re port.The UK’s Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency，meanwhile，has recorded 68 cases of adverse reactions to zolpidem from 2001 to 2005.The newly reported cases in the UK and Australia add to a growing list of bizarre sleepwalking episodes linked to the drug in other countries，including reports of people sleep-driving while on the medication. In one case，a transatlantic flight had to be diverted after a passenger caused havoc after takingzolpidem.Hypnotic effectsThere is no biological pathway that has been proven to connect zolpidem with these behaviours. The drug is a benzodiazepine-like hypnotic that promotes deep sleep by interacting with brain receptors for a chemical called gamma-aminobutyric acid. While parts of the brain e less active during deep sleep，the body can still move，making sleepwalking a possibility.The product information for prescribers advises that psychiatric adverse effects，including hallucinations，sleepwalking and nightmares，are more likely in the elderly，and treatment should be stopped if they occur.Patient advocacy groups say they would like government health agencies and drug panies to take a closer look at the possible risks associated with sleep medicines. They stress that strange sleepwalking and sleep-driving behaviours can have risky consequences.“When people do something in which they’re not in full control it’s always a danger，” says Vera Sharav of the New York-based Alliance for Human Research Protection，a US networkthat advocates responsible and ethical medical research practices.Tried and tested“The more reports that e out about the potential side effects of the drug，the more research needs to be done to understand if these are real side effects，” says sle ep researcher Kenneth Wright at the University of Colorado in Boulder，US.Millions of people have taken the drug without experiencing any strange side effects，points out Richard Millman at Brown Medical School，director of the Sleep Disorders Center of Lifespan Hospitals in Providence，Rhode Island，US. He says that unlike older types of sleep medications，zolpidem does not carry as great a risk of addiction.And Wright notes that some of the reports of “sleep-driving” linked to zolpidem can be easily explained：some patients have wrongly taken the drug right before leaving work in hopes that the medicine will kick in by the time they reach home. Doctors stress that the medication should be taken just before going to bed.The US Food Drug Administration says it is continuing to “actively investigate" and collect information about cases linking zolpidem to unusual side effects.The Ambien label currently lists strange behaviour as a “special concern” for people taking the drug. “It’s a possi ble rare adverse event，” says Sanofi-Aventis spokesperson Melissa Feltmann，adding that the strange sleepwalking behaviours “may not necessarily be caused by the drug” but instead result from an underlying disorder. She says that “the safety profile [of zo lpidem] is well established”. The drug received approval in the US in 1993.Questions 1-6Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage?In boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet writeTRUE if the statement is true according to the passageFALSE if the statement is false according to the passageNOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage1. Ambien，Stilnoct and Stilnox are brand names of one same drug treating insomnia.2. The woman’s obesity problem wasn’t resolved until she stopped taking zolpidem.3. Zolpidem received approval in the UK in 2001.4. The bizarre behaviour of a passenger after taking zolpidem resulted in the diversion of a flight bound for the otherside of the Atlantic.5. Zolpidem is the only sleep medication that doesn’t cause addiction.6. The sleep-driving occurrence resulted from the wrong use of zolpidem by an office worker.Question 7-9Choose the appropriate letters A-D and Write them in boxes 7-9 on your answer sheet.7. How many cases of bizarre behaviours are described in an official report from Australia?A. 68B. 104C. 182D. 2408. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the product information about zolpidem?A. Treatment should be stopped if side effects occur.B. Medication should be taken just before going to bed.C. Adverse effects are more likely in the elderly.D. Side effects include nightmares，hallucinations and sleepwalking.9. Who claimed that the safety description of zolpidem waswell established?A. Kenneth WrightB. Melissa FeltmannC. Richard MillmanD. Vera SharavQuestions 10-13Answer the following questions with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS each in boxes 10-13.10. How many times was French-made zolpidem prescribed in 2005 in Britain?11. What kind of hypnotic is zolpidem as a drug which promotes deep sleep in patients?12. What can sleepwalking and sleep-driving behaviours cause according to patient advocacy groups?13. What US administration says that it has been investigating the cases relating zolpidem to unusual side effects? Answer keys and explanations：1. TrueSee para.3 from the beginning：Zolpidem，sold under the brand names Ambien，Stilnoct and Stilnox，is widely prescribed to treat insomnia and other disorders such as sleep apnea.2. FalseSee para.1 under the subtitle “Midnight snack”：Another case involved a woman who gained 23 kilograms over seven months while taking z olpidem. “It was only when she was discovered in front of an open refrigerator while asleep that the problem was resolved”。

雅思模拟测试题1答案

雅思模拟测试题1答案听力部分答案：Section 11. B) 12th March2. C) 2:30 pm3. A) library4. B) book a meeting room5. A) bring a laptop6. C) 10 people7. B) free of charge8. A) ask for a receipt9. C) check the equipment10. B) contact the staffSection 211. A) 9:00 am12. C) 3:00 pm13. B) 5:00 pm14. A) 7:30 pm15. C) 9:00 pm16. B) 10:00 pm17. A) 11:00 pm18. C) midnight19. B) 1:00 am20. A) 2:00 amSection 321. C) both are interested in the topic22. A) the professor's expertise23. B) the student's project24. A) the professor's office25. B) the student's dorm26. A) the professor's suggestion27. C) the student's notes28. B) the professor's book29. A) the student's questions30. C) the professor's experienceSection 431. A) the history of the building32. C) the materials used33. B) the architect's name34. A) the building's purpose35. C) the construction date36. B) the building's style37. A) the building's current use38. C) the building's restoration39. B) the building's interior design40. A) the building's exterior features 阅读部分答案：Passage 141. TRUE42. FALSE43. TRUE44. NOT GIVEN45. TRUE46. B) the benefits of the program47. A) the program's history48. D) the program's goals49. C) the program's participants50. A) the program's impactPassage 251. FALSE52. TRUE53. NOT GIVEN54. FALSE55. TRUE56. D) the importance of the subject57. B) the author's perspective58. A) the subject's complexity59. C) the subject's relevance60. E) the subject's futurePassage 361. TRUE62. FALSE63. NOT GIVEN64. TRUE65. TRUE66. A) the challenges faced67. B) the solutions proposed68. C) the research conducted69. D) the results achieved70. E) the implications discussed写作部分答案：Task 1- 描述图表中的趋势和特点- 使用适当的词汇和语法结构- 清晰地组织信息Task 2- 明确表达观点- 使用论据支持观点- 使用适当的词汇和语法结构- 逻辑清晰地组织文章口语部分答案：Part 1- 介绍个人信息- 描述日常生活- 表达个人兴趣Part 2- 描述一个重要的事件或经历- 使用细节丰富叙述- 表达个人感受和看法Part 3- 讨论相关话题- 提供深入的观点和论据- 展示语言的灵活性和深度请注意，以上答案仅为模拟测试题的答案示例，实际雅思考试的答案可能会有所不同。

2022年湖南省湘西州吉首市雅思实验学校中考数学模拟试题及答案解析

2022年湖南省湘西州吉首市雅思实验学校中考数学模拟试卷一、选择题（本大题共10小题，共40.0分。

在每小题列出的选项中，选出符合题目的一项）1. 计算(−3)2的结果是( )A. −6B. 6C. −9D. 92. 某个几何体的三视图如图所示，该几何体是( )A.B.C.D.3. 某中学女子足球队15名队员的年龄情况如下表：年龄(岁)13141516队员(人)2364这支球队队员的年龄的众数和中位数分别是( )A. 14，15B. 14，14.5C. 15，15D. 15，144. 一元一次不等式组{x−1≤01+12x>0的解集在数轴上表示出来，正确的( )A.B.C.D.5. 一次函数y=12x+1的图象与y轴、x轴形成的三角形的面积为( )A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 46. 下列命题是真命题的是( )A. 对角线互相平分的四边形是平行四边形B. 对角线相等的四边形是矩形C. 对角线互相垂直的四边形是菱形D. 对角线互相垂直的四边形是正方形7. 甲从商贩A处购买了若干斤西瓜，又从商贩B处购买了若干斤西瓜．A、B两处所购买的西瓜重量之比为3：2，然后将买回的西瓜以从A、B两处购买单价的平均数为单价全部卖给了乙，结果发现他赔钱了，这是因为( )A. 商贩A的单价大于商贩B的单价B. 商贩A的单价等于商贩B的单价C. 商版A的单价小于商贩B的单价D. 赔钱与商贩A、商贩B的单价无关8. 观察一组等式：21=2，22=4，23=8，24=16，26=32，27=64，……根据这个规律，则21+22+23+⋯+22021的末位数字是( )A. 0B. 2C. 4D. 69. 如图，菱形ABCD中，对角线AC、BD交于点O，E为边AD中点，菱形ABCD的周长为28，则OE的长等于( )A. 3.5B. 4C. 7D. 1410. 如图，点M是函数y=√3x与y=k的图象在第一象限内的交点，OM=4，则k的值为( )xA. 2√3B. 3√3C. 4√3D. 5√3二、填空题（本大题共8小题，共32.0分）11. 1的倒数是______．−202212. 分解因式：x2y−4y=．13. 如果式子√x+3在实数范围内有意义，那么x的取值范围是．14. 截止到2022年3月，我国60岁以上老龄人口达2.6亿，占总人口比重达18.7%.将2.6亿用科学记数法表示为______．15. 掷一枚质地均匀的正方体骰子，骰子的六个面上分别刻有1到6的点数，掷得面朝上的点数为偶数的概率是______．16. 如图，在△ABC中，E，F分别为AB，AC的中点，则△AEF与△ABC的面积之比为______．17. 如图所示，在3×3的方格纸中，每个小方格都是边长为1的正方形，点O，A，B均为格点，则扇形OAB的面积大小是．18. 对于实数m、n，定义运算“※”：m※n=mn(m+n).例如，4※2=4×2×(4+2)=48.若x1，x2是关于x的一元二次方程x2−5x+4=0的两个实数根，则x1※x2=______．三、计算题（本大题共1小题，共6.0分）19. 计算：2sin30°−(π−√2)0+|√3−1|+(12)−1四、解答题（本大题共7小题，共72.0分。

雅思(听力)模拟试卷15(题后含答案及解析)

雅思（听力）模拟试卷15(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Listening ModuleListening Module (30 minutes & 10 minutes transfer time)听力原文：A: Hello. How may I help you?S: Hello. My name is Martina Bila. I made an appointment to see you at 10 o’clock. I’m a little early. Is that OK?A: No problem. We’re not very busy at the moment. You said on the phone that you weren’t happy with your accommodation and were thinking of changing.S: That’s right.A: May I ask what the problem is exactly?S: To be honest, there’s more than one problem. The main problem is that the accommodation is further than I imagined from the university.A: I see. And the other problem or problems?S: The other problem is that the landlady is quite a heavy smoker. I’m a non-smoker, and I’m afraid that I find it quite unpleasant.A: I’m sorry about that. Weren’t you given the option of accommodation With smokers or non-smokers?S: I’m afraid that’s really my fault. I don’t mind light smokers, but I didn’t get my accommodation organised very much in advance, so most of the accommodation had gone by the time I applied. However, a friend told me that there is sometimes accommodation ... er ... you know ... er ... accommodation becomes available mid-term because some people leave the university or change their place ... er ... the place where they live, so I thought maybe ...A: I see. Yes, it is important to arrange accommodation well in advance, though it isn’t always possible. However, your friend was correct. We do get some accommodation available mid-term. Just give me a minute to find your details on the computer....S: Yes, of course.A: Now, your current address is 43 Parkway Drive, isn’t it?S: Yes.A: Yes, that’s a fair way away. The bus connection isn’t too good either, is it?I think that it would be better to focus on that as the reason for moving, rather than the smoking issue. However, I will change the information in the computer to say that this accommodation is only suitable for smokers or people who don’t mind heavy smokers. That way we can avoid similar problems in the lucre.S: That sounds like a good idea.A: Now, the good news is that there is plenty of accommodation available nearer the university. The bad news is that it is more expensive.S: That’s OK. I expected that. Is there any catered or self-catering university accommodation available? That would be ideal.A: I thought you might be interested in that. The day after you phoned, a place became available. It’s catered, so it’s the most expensive type of accommodation, but it’s yours if you want it.S: There’s no self-catering accommodation available?A: Not at the moment. Something could become available at any time, but, then again, you might have to wait weeks.S: I understand. Can I just check the cost?A: It’s ￡37.50 per week. You also have to pay ￡23.15 during the Christmas and Easter holidays, regardless of whether you are there or not. That sum doesn’t include meals during those periods.S: But summer holidays are not included?A: That’s right. Students are permitted to stay in university accommodation during holidays but they usually have to move to a different flat.S: I see. And do I paymonthly? A: Yes, but don’t worry if you’re a few days late. It happens quite often and we don’t mind too much.S: Can I see a picture of the accommodation? A: Sure .... It looks like this. You can see that there is a single bedroom for each student and a common living room and bathroom. There are no cooking facilities, but many students buy a microwave.S: Can you tell me anything about the people I’d be living with?A: There are two girls there. One is British and one is Indian. They are studying law and marketing respectively. They’re the same age as you, 20. And they’re not smokers!S: That sounds perfect. If I don’t give my landlady a month’s notice, she gets to keep the deposit, doesn’t she?A: That’s normally stated in the rental agreement, yes. I’d like to be able to keep this university accommodation available, but I’m afraid I can’t. If someone else wants it and takes it ...S: I understand. I’ll take it. Can I move in on the first day of next month?A: What day is it today? 22nd. Yes. That should be fine. Give me a minute to print out the standard rental agreement ...SECTION 1 Questions 1-10Questions 1-4Complete the following sentences using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR NUMBERS for each.1．Martina Bila’s appointment with the accommodation officer is at ______.正确答案：ten/10 o’clock2．Martina’s current accommodation is ______ from the university than she expected.正确答案：further3．The landlady is a ______.正确答案：heavy smoker4．The ______ to the university isn’t good.正确答案：bus connectionQuestions 5-7Choose the correct answer, A, B, C or D.5．Martina is looking for ______.A．catered accommodation.B．self-catering accommodation.C．a place with a landlady.D．catered or self-catered university accommodation.正确答案：D6．The accommodation officer received details of some accommodation ______.A．the day before Martina made the appointment.B．the day Martina made the appointment.C．the day after Martina made the appointment.D．the day before he met Martina.正确答案：C7．When does the accommodation officer think other accommodation will be available?A．In the next few days.B．In the next few weeks.C．Not for along while.D．He doesn’t know.正确答案：DQuestions 8-10Complete the following sentences using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR NUMBERS for each.8．How much do students pay for catered accommodation during term time?正确答案：￡37.509．What nationality are Martina’s new flatmates?正确答案：British (and) Indian10．What will Martina lose?正确答案：(her) deposit听力原文：Presenter: Welcome everybody. Are you all sitting comfortably? My name is David Price and this is our first meeting in a series of presentations called “Countdown to Departure”. I know that you have just arrived here for your year-long course prior to going abroad, but it is certainly worth taking the time to consider ... to think about events that will take place a year, or almost a year, from now. I have handed out this useful guide to planning your time abroad. Please follow the suggested timetable closely. It is vital that you get each thing done on time. If you can get things done earlier than we suggest in the guide, that’s great, but certainly don’t leave them later than we recommend. If you do not get these things done on time, it could jeopardise your study abroad or at least delay it by a year. Now, we are currently one year from departure, so you should start applying for post-graduate programmes and scholarships immediately--if you haven’t already. Consult your tutors for further advice on these points. You should also calculate a rough estimate of your study and living expenses and consider how to pay for them. We’ll be looking at that in more detail during the next meeting. You should start arrangingaccommodation abroad as soon as you have accepted a place on a course. Arranging accommodation can be a rather bureaucratic procedure and can take a while. At the same time, ask the university about your options for paying your fees. The next point on your timetable is six months before you leave. At that point; you need to check your passport and, if you are going to need a new one, deal with that immediately. Remember that your passport might need to be valid for the whole of the period you intend to be abroad, but that you can often renew your passport at your embassy in the country where you are studying. In any ease, your passport needs to be valid for at least six months after you enter the country where you intend to study. It might seem unnecessary to get your passport in order so early before you go, but remember that you have to get your visa as well. You should do that around six months before leaving too. Bear in mind one final, simple, point. Make sure that your passport has a few empty pages left for visas and stamps. Two or three months before departure, you should ask your bank about the options for transferring money to the country you’ll be studying in and setting up a bank account there. You should also start looking at booking your flight to the country you’ll be studying in, in order to get the best rates. The cost of flights varies considerably from carrier to carrier, and even between different travel agencies, and depend a lot upon the time of year you are flying. Booking in advance can save you a considerable sum of money. When you book your flight, you should check with the airline or travel agent to find out what your baggage allowance is. At the same time look into booking your other travel within the country you’re going to from the airport where you will arrive. Don’t forget to buy travel insurance when you book any flights. Finally, still two or three months before departure, make sure that you have an unconditional letter of acceptance from the university you’re going to attend. This is vital as it facilitates entry clearance if into the country. Next, about one month before leaving, find out whether you will be entitled to receive free health treatment in the country you are going to and find out how much you will have to pay if not. Look into arranging health insurance if necessary. Also buy currency and travellers’ cheques to cover your first few weeks in the country. Watch the exchange rates and pick a good time, but do not leave it too late. If you are buying travellers’cheques or a large amount of money or currency, your bank may need a while to arrange this. Another thing to do is to find out what you can take into the country and what items are prohibited. Finally, find out whether your home insurance-policy will cover your belongings while they are abroad. If not, arrange suitable insurance or look into the possibility of arranging a policy in the foreign country. The last point on this timetable is two weeks before you leave. At this time, you need to do two things. One is to ask your doctor to write a letter explaining any prescription medicines--what they are and why you are taking them. The second is to request a reference letter from your bank in your own country as this will help you to open a bank account abroad. Now, let’s take a closer look at ...SECTION 2 Questions 11-20Questions 11-12Answer the following questions using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.11．What is the title of the series of presentations that David Price will make?正确答案：Countdown to Departure12．What item has David Price given each student?正确答案：(a) guideQuestions 13-14Decide which TWO things David Price recommends doing 1 year before going abroad. You may write your answers in any order. Choose from the following list:[A] apply for scholarships[B] consult tutor about current course[C] make a precise budget for your studies abroad[D] think about how you will pay your fees[E] book accommodation[F] pay your fees to the foreign university 13．【13】______正确答案：A14．【14】______正确答案：DQuestions 15-16Decide which TWO things David Price recommends doing 6 months before going abroad. You may write your answers in any order. Choose from the following list:[A] get a new passport[B] revalidate your passport[C] ensure your passport is valid for at least six months[D] get a visa for the country you are going to[E] ensure your passport is full[F] make sure your passport has some empty pages 15．【15】______正确答案：D16．【16】______正确答案：FQuestions 17-18Decide which TWO things David Price recommends doing 2 or 3 months before going abroad. You may write your answers in any order. Choose from the following list:[A] transfer money abroad[B] get a plane ticket if costs are reasonable or low[C] check how much luggage you can take[D] check if flights arrive on time[E] book accommodation[F] make sure you have a conditional university offer 17．【17】______正确答案：B18．【18】______正确答案：CQuestions 19-20Complete the following summary of what students should do about health issues using NO MORE THAN’THREE WORDS for each answerOne month before leaving, find out if you can get 【19】______ where you are going to. Two weeks before you leave, ask your doctor to 【20】______ giving reasons for any medicines you are taking with you.19．【19】正确答案：free health treatment20．【20】正确答案：write a letter听力原文：Professor: Hello, Dinesh. Come in. You said on the phone that you had a few problems to discuss with me. Tell me what they are and I’ll see what I can do to help.Dinesh: Thank you very much, professor. I’ve been having some problems adapting to the style of learning at a British university and was hoping you could give me some advice.Professor: I’ll do my best. You won’t be the first overseas student to have problems. What’s your first problem?Dinesh: Well, my first problem is organising my time. I mean, after I worked out my timetable for lectures, seminars and tutorials, I was surprised to find that I had quite a lot of free time. However, that’s how it looked on paper and not as it has turned out in reality.Professor: I see. Take control of this time and organise it carefully. Time that is not organised can disappear very quickly, leaving you rushing to catch up on your work or even running out of time altogether. Learn the essentials of time management. First, make weekly or monthly plans that set out your study targets for the week or month ahead. Schedule time for reading, and work out roughly how much you want to read in each session. Plan time to research and write your essays or prepare projects, so that you do not have to stay up late doing them at the last minute. Have you made such a plan?Dinesh: No, I haven’t. That’s obviously something I should do. I can easily fill that free time with extra studies.Professor: No, no. That’s not what I mean. Don’t plan to spend all your extra time studying. Remember to leave some time free for hobbies, sports, seeing friends or simply relaxing. If you do not take time to enjoy yourself, your work will suffer and you will miss out on many other worthwhile experiences. Make a timetable for your free time, if you like. Plan when to see your friends, play your favourite sport, or just hang out. Don’t forget to revise your plans if you need to. As you progress through your course, you will get a better idea of how much time you need for different activities. Adjust your schedules and keep them realistic.Dinesh: So, you’re saying that I need to keep a balance between work and play and keep an eye on things to make sure that I’m not doing too much or too little.Professor: That’s right. Feel free to show me your plan when you’ve made one.Dinesh: Thank you. My next problem is coping with my course. Living abroad in a new environment makes studying more challenging than usual. I’m worried about my progress and about howI will cope with examinations.Professor: These concerns are natural, but do not let them overwhelm you. Here are two simple ways you can stay in control of your studies. First, ask for regular meetings with your tutor--in your case, that’s me--to review your progress and discuss any problems. You’re doing that now, so you’ve taken the first step. Let me know if you are having any language difficulties, though in your case that seems doubtful. As you are probably aware, there is a language centre here where all students can use language-learning materials, but it’s probably not of much use to you. Second, why not try to form a mutual support group with other international students to discuss common challenges and to share useful ideas? This can be particularly helpful if you find the teaching methods very different from those you have experienced before. Another type of support group could, be other students in your subject area--get together with students on similar courses to discuss the issues, swap ideas and give each other support.Dinesh: Yes. The second idea is particularly good. As you know, there are not so many overseas students on this course, but I know some other students from my country on other courses here. I think that I feel overwhelmed because I have set myself unrealistic goals. Just talking to you has made me realise that I need to take a more realistic approach and put my problems into perspective.Professor: Just remember that whatever concerns you may have--about new learning methods, managing your time, or handling your workload--there is someone here who can help. I’m happy to be that person. All you have to do is ask. Hopefully, I can offer you a practical solution.Dinesh: Thank you very much. There is one other thing. When we had the orientation, the International Student Advisor mentioned a book that’s available from the campus bookshop. It’s not specifically for overseas students, but she said it was useful. I didn’t write it down. You wouldn’t happen to know the book I mean, would you?Professor: I know it. I recommend it. It’s called Learn How to Learn, by David Warner. I’m popping over to the bookshop myself now. Perhaps we could go together?SECTION 3 Questions 21-30Questions 21-23Answer the following questions using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.21．What was the student surprised to discover he had a lot of?正确答案：flee time22．What does the student need to learn the fundamentals of?正确答案：time management23．On what basis should the student prepare his schedules?正确答案：weekly or monthlyQuestions 24-26Complete the following notes using only ONE word for each gap.Professor’s suggestions:——make a plan for your studies——make a plan for your free time——【24】______ plans if necessary——see how much timeyou need for’ activities as you 【25】______ with your studies——keep schedules balanced and 【26】______.24．【24】正确答案：revise25．【25】正确答案：progress26．【26】正确答案：realisticQuestions 27-30Choose the correct answer, A, B, C or D.27．The professor points out that the university language centre ______.A．would certainly be useful for the student.B．is likely to be useful for the student.C．is available for students.D．has a wide range of materials.正确答案：C28．The professor suggests that the student ______.A．join the support group for students on his course.B．join the support group for students from his country.C．identify problems that people from his country have in Britain.D．create a support group.正确答案：D29．The student says that ______.A．he doesn’t know anyone on his course.B．he doesn’t know the overseas students on his course.C．there are no people from his country on his course.D．there are few overseas students on his course.正确答案：D30．The International Student Advisor recommended a book ______.A．but didn’t say the title clearly.B．but couldn’t remember the title.C．for all students.D．for overseas students.正确答案：C听力原文：Lecturer: Part of the role of university education is to prepare students for their professional life and career. Part of this preparation is to introduce and train students in life long learning--preparing them to approach their career as a continuous learning experience, rather than assuming that the end of their university education represents an end goal beyond which there is no need for further learning. Therefore students are encouraged to develop as independent learners. An independent learner is one who takes responsibility for his or her own learning and is not always dependent on teacher being available to guide and correct. Such a student sets their own learning goals, makes their own decisions as to when and how to study for these goals, and also evaluates their own progress and develops further goals. This is not always easy for students, particularly those whose secondary education has been very teacher focussed, with teaching conducted mainly in lecture format and with little opportunity for the students to take any control of the learning process. At university, while much teaching is conducted via lectures, students are expected to become increasingly independent in their learning. Departments approach this issue in a number of ways. For example, they might provide personal mentors. This could be a student or a member of staff who is available to discuss problems that the student might have and who will support the student in the process of becoming an independent learner. The second one requires the student to’make certain choices about their course, either in the elements they choose to learn or in the way in which they choose to learn them. Thirdly, there is the provision of learning opportunities outside the confines of the campus, including study trips and student exchanges. In the English Language Centre, we try to help the development of learner independence. This English Language Centre is a self-access one. A self-access centre is a place where learners come voluntarily to improve the subject that they are studying. In the case of the English Language Centre we focus on English language. In a self-access centre it is the student who decides what to study, when to study, how long to study, what materials to use, how to use the materials, and how to assess effectiveness. The learner is not, however, left totally alone. Learners are encouraged to come to the centre in groups, so that they can help each other in the learning process and there is also always an English teacher available to answer any questions that students might have, to discuss their progress, and to help the learner assess their work. Let’s take an example. Mary and her friend Jim have decided they need to improve their report writing skills. They decide to go to the ELC twice in the next week, for two hours each time, from five o’clock to seven o’clock. The first thing they do is to talk to the English teacher there, to help them identify what particular elements of writing a report they find especially difficult. Having done this, they identify suitable books, videos, or computer programs from the index, With help from the teacher if needed. Looking at the materials, they decide which to use first, and how to best to use it. Working through the materials, they discuss problems with each other, compare notes and evaluate each other’s work and progress. This process ofworking together is important, as the students are able to support each other in the learning process. Of course, sometimes they need more help and so they ask the English teacher at the centre. When they have finished their studies, they review what they have studied, with help from their notes, and evaluate the extent to which they have, or have not, achieved their initial aim. In the light of this, they will decide to either do more work on the same topic, or move to another topic, either related to this one or something completely different. There are many ways students can improve their English independently of a teacher. Firstly, they can use English language videos in conjunction with learning activities such as exercises to practise particular listening skills, questions to lead discussion on the topic introduced by the video. They can do follow-up tasks that use the content of the video to focus on other language skills, such as learning vocabulary or understanding the grammar used by the characters in the video. Secondly, they can use a computer programme to improve their pronunciation, by identifying, and then practising, the individual sounds used in English. Thirdly, they can use a book to find a model business letter, for example, writing one of the same type, but with different information, and then discussing it with the ELC teacher before finally re-writing it. Finally, they can use newspapers or magazines as stimuli for discussion activities with a brief report written at the end, summarising the discussion. However, the development of an independent learner is not dependent on a centre like the ELC. Within the university, as well as within individual departments, the library, the Student Affairs Office and the Student Union all provide a range of opportunities for the student to develop as an independent learner. Outside the campus the opportunities are both physical and virtual. The physical ones include libraries, museums and other centres, as well as various special interest groups. In the virtual world of the Internet the opportunities are both global and vast. To conclude, in a world in which change is central to our continued survival, the professional must have the adaptability and flexibility of a life long learner. A life long learner must be an independent learner, able to take responsibility for all stages of the learning process. It is the student’s responsibility to take advantage of the various opportunities on offer.SECTION 4 Questions 31-40Questions 31-34Complete the following sentences using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.31．Students whose previous educational experience was ______ often find it hard to become independent learners.正确答案：teacher focussed32．A student or staff member might become a ______ to a student working independently.正确答案：(personal) mentor33．Study trips provide opportunities for independent students to learn off ______.正确答案：(the) campus34．The ELC is used by students on a ______ basis.正确答案：self-accessQuestions 35-37Complete the notes concerning the example of Mary and Jim using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.——talk to the English tutor at the ELC——【35】______ materials——decide which materials to use first and how——discuss problems, 【36】______ and evaluate each other——review using notes——decide if 【37】______ has been achieved——continue with topic or move to another35．【35】正确答案：identify suitable36．【36】正确答案：compare notes37．【37】正确答案：initial aimQuestion 38Decide which of the following can be used by independent learners. Write all the correct letters in any order.[A] tapes[B] computer programmes[C] letters[D] discussions with native speakers[E] newspapers and magazines 38．【38】______正确答案：BCEQuestions 39-40Decide which of the following places independent learners can learn at. Write both the correct letters in either order.[A] libraries[B] the International Student Affairs Office[C] museums[D] shops[E] cafes39．【39】______正确答案：A40．【40】______正确答案：C。

雅思考试模拟试题(含答案)

ITELS Test4CompletionComplete each sentence or statement.INSTRUCTIONS: Complete the sentences with one word for each blank.1. A ____________________ is a period of time which covers ten years, such as the 1930s or 1950s.2. Teachers give lessons to pupils in schools, but at colleges students are given lectures and tutorials by college____________________.3. ____________________ went all over North America to seek and gather examples of popular folk music;they were looking for the true music of the people.4. A ____________________ is a single part of a collection or set of reference books in which poems, folkmusic or stories are brought together.5. Written material such as stories, poems or songs which have been collected together but not printed in a bookor made widely available to the public are known as ____________________ collections.6. Another three-word hyphenated phrase for 'state-of-the art' is____________________-____________________-____________________.7. Someone who gives advice to an organisation for no payment, or a very small token sum, is called an____________________ consultant.8. The serious shortage of trained musicians caused a ____________________ in the supply of violin playersfor the city orchestra, and only two could be found.9. If someone doesn't want to make money out of their research or their interests and they give their services toan organisation for nothing, they can be said to have a no ____________________ ____________________for their activities.10. In the United Kingdom, the head of a prison is a governor, but in the USA, a ____________________ is thehighest figure of authority.11. When I had chosen the books I wanted to borrow from the library, I gave them to the____________________ to check them out to me.12. The rebels were described as ____________________ because their ideas and activities were secret and theyintended to damage or destroy the established system of government.13. To survive in the wild, animals like lions have purely ____________________ reactions, and it is inevitablethat they will attack and kill weaker animals.14. If people are treated badly by the government in power, they are likely to behave in a____________________ way, by disobeying laws, becoming angry and trying to illegally overthrow theestablished order.15. Sometimes books like the Harry Potter stories ____________________ equally to both children andgrown-ups, and they are therefore difficult to classify as either children's literature or adult fiction.16. The female equivalent of the word 'hero' is ____________________.17. One of the tasks an ____________________ is responsible for, is checking a writer's work for errors before itis sent to a publisher.18. Many children's books deal with the ____________________ for treasure, where the characters set out todiscover valuable items such as diamonds or money.19. The publishers printed too many books and they had to sell the ____________________ production atreduced prices.20. The ____________________ is the chief character in a play or story, around whom the action takes place.21. ____________________ is the branch of knowledge dealing with scientific and industrial methods and theirpractical use in industry.22. Our ____________________ are the people who lived in past times and passed on their ideas and culture toour modern civilisations.23. A ____________________, for example a donkey, is a living thing produced from the parents of differentbreeds.24. In electronic circuits, the various components such as resistors, transistors or capacitors are not drawn exactlyas they are, but are represented by ____________________.25. A ____________________ is a set of beliefs, which could be religious or scientific, which people areexpected to accept without challenging it.26. The results of the experiment were uncertain and it is now ____________________ whether we shall receivefurther funding from the university to continue our research.27. An ____________________ is produced by artists when they use knives or chisels to cut their designs into ametal or wooden surface which is later inked and printed onto paper.28. Many travelling families who previously lived their lives in mobile caravans, moving from place to place, arenow building ____________________ camp sites to find a more settled way of life.29. The ____________________ is the bone structure which surrounds and protects our brains.30. ____________________ is the term used for trees which are taken from forests to provide wood for use in theconstruction of buildings.Multiple ChoiceIdentify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.INSTRUCTIONS: Read the sentence and decide which answer: a, b, or c, best matches the meaning of theunderlined words. Write your answer: a, b, or c, in the space provided.____ 31. Someone who is thought of highly could be an academic who is well-known by the public and respected nationally.a. has a good reputeb. enjoys a good reputationc. has a reputation____ 32. To undertake market research, researchers often conduct nationwide surveys to gather as much balanced and in-depth information as possible.a. research in local area onlyb. research in more than one countryc. research throughout their own country only____ 33. The professor's library research reinforced his belief that there was a serious shortage of certain types of folk song material.a. field workb. academic study workc. telephone enquiries____ 34. Great children's books may be described as great pieces of written works of art.a. literateb. literaturec. literal____ 35. The changing of the behaviour of two characters in The Secret Garden by Frances Hodgson Burnett represents a paradigm.a. a very clear or typical exampleb. an exceptionc. something rare and valuable____ 36. Adult fiction usually deals with three themes: sex, money and death. But the first, sex, is absent from classic children's literature.a. always includedb. never includedc. sometimes included____ 37. Our ancestors began to adorn their bodies with beads, pendants and tattoos in the Stone Age.a. decorateb. hidec. camouflage____ 38. Humans have inhabited the African continent for millennia.a. hundreds of yearsb. thousands of yearsc. millions of years____ 39. Genetics does not tell the whole story of the shaping of the modern human brain.a. the study of ancient objectsb. the study of historyc. the development of living things through substances passed on through their cells____ 40. The huge collection of artefacts on loan to the museum required them to have a mathematical system to keepa tally of what was owned by whom.a. to keep a count ofb. to describec. to labelMatchingMatch the beginnings of sentences with the appropriate endings.a. The professor wanted to embark onb. Funds are sometimes given to researchers byc. Some critics say that books for children should be taken seriously becaused. In the world of childhood, as shown by childrens books,e. 40,000 years ago people decorated their bodies with designs and artefacts____ 41. such as tattoos and beads.____ 42. a pastoral convention is maintained.____ 43. a nationwide collecting project to gather information.____ 44. this kind of writing is sometimes subversive.____ 45. academic institutions such as libraries or learned societies.Essay46. Present a written argument or case to an educated reader with no specialist knowledge of the following topic.In some countries, mainly in the east, such as China and Japan, old people are still shown respect by youngpeople. Seats will still be given up on buses to older citizens or doors held open for them. Behaving this wayin public contributes to a stable and well-mannered, respectful society where old people are valued.However, in the west, such as in the United Kingdom and the USA, respect for the older generation isdeclining. It is, for example, unusual for grandparents to live in the same house as their children. Rather thanlook after elderly parents, many families choose to place them in old folks' homes, leaving their care to otherpeople. Old people are seen as a burden and a nuisance and have little value in a modern, materialistic society.Discuss both these views and give your opinion.You should use your own ideas, knowledge and experience and support your arguments with examples andrelevant evidence.Write at least 250 words.47. You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.The charts below show how sending text messages by mobile phone affects the daily lives of young people.The text message has led to a social revolution in the way we communicate simple messages as well asinfluencing our emotional contact with each other. In October this year, 2004, Britain's 52 million mobilephone users sent 2.3 billion text messages.Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information below.Write at least 150 words.The rapid growth in text messaging.Results of Mori PollTotal number of people with mobile phones = 687Other48. Read the topic card below carefully. You will have to talk about the topic for 1 to 2 minutes. You have oneminute to think about what you are going to say. You can make notes to help you if you wish.Describe the most beautiful place you have visited.You should say:where it was - the country or locationwhat it was likewho you went with and explain what impressed you most and why you remember it so well.ITELS Test4Answer SectionCOMPLETION1. ANS: decadeREF: Test 1: Reading passage 1 TOP: Sentence completion2. ANS: professorsREF: Test 1: Reading passage 1 TOP: Sentence completion3. ANS: CollectorsREF: Test 1: Reading passage 1 TOP: Sentence completion4. ANS: volumeREF: Test 1: Reading passage 1 TOP: Sentence completion5. ANS: unpublishedREF: Test 1: Reading passage 1 TOP: Sentence completion6. ANS: up-to-dateREF: Test 1: Reading passage 1 TOP: Sentence completion7. ANS: honoraryREF: Test 1: Reading passage 1 TOP: Sentence completion8. ANS: dearthREF: Test 1: Reading passage 1 TOP: Sentence completion9. ANS: profit motiveREF: Test 1: Reading passage 1 TOP: Sentence completion10. ANS: wardenREF: Test 1: Reading passage 1 TOP: Sentence completion11. ANS: librarianREF: Test 1: Reading passage 2 TOP: Sentence completion12. ANS: subversiveREF: Test 1: Reading passage 2 TOP: Sentence completion13. ANS: instinctiveREF: Test 1: Reading passage 2 TOP: Sentence completion14. ANS: rebelliousREF: Test 1: Reading passage 2 TOP: Sentence completion15. ANS: appealREF: Test 1: Reading passage 2 TOP: Sentence completion 16. ANS: heroineREF: Test 1: Reading passage 2 TOP: Sentence completion 17. ANS: editorREF: Test 1: Reading passage 2 TOP: Sentence completion 18. ANS:questsearchREF: Test 1: Reading passage 2 TOP: Sentence completion 19. ANS: surplusREF: Test 1: Reading passage 2 TOP: Sentence completion 20. ANS: protagonistREF: Test 1: Reading passage 2 TOP: Sentence completion 21. ANS: TechnologyREF: Test 1: Reading passage 3 TOP: Sentence completion 22. ANS: ancestorsREF: Test 1: Reading passage 3 TOP: Sentence completion 23. ANS: hybridREF: Test 1: Reading passage 3 TOP: Sentence completion 24. ANS: symbolsREF: Test 1: Reading passage 3 TOP: Sentence completion 25. ANS: dogmaREF: Test 1: Reading passage 3 TOP: Sentence completion 26. ANS: doubtfulREF: Test 1: Reading passage 3 TOP: Sentence completion 27. ANS: engravingREF: Test 1: Reading passage 3 TOP: Sentence completion 28. ANS: permanentREF: Test 1: Reading passage 3 TOP: Sentence completion 29. ANS: skullREF: Test 1: Reading passage 3 TOP: Sentence completion 30. ANS: TimberREF: Test 1: Reading passage 3 TOP: Sentence completionMULTIPLE CHOICE31. ANS: B REF: Test 1: Reading passage 1 TOP: Paraphrasing multiple choice32. ANS: C REF: Test 1: Reading passage 1 TOP: Paraphrasing multiple choice33. ANS: B REF: Test 1: Reading passage 1 TOP: Paraphrasing multiple choice34. ANS: B REF: Test 1: Reading passage 2 TOP: Paraphrasing multiple choice35. ANS: A REF: Test 1: Reading passage 2 TOP: Paraphrasing multiple choice36. ANS: B REF: Test 1: Reading passage 2 TOP: Paraphrasing multiple choice37. ANS: A REF: Test 1: Reading passage 3 TOP: Paraphrasing multiple choice38. ANS: B REF: Test 1: Reading passage 3 TOP: Paraphrasing multiple choice39. ANS: C REF: Test 1: Reading passage 3 TOP: Paraphrasing multiple choice40. ANS: A REF: Test 1: Reading passage 3 TOP: Paraphrasing multiple choice MATCHING41. ANS: E REF: Test 1: Reading passages 1-3 TOP: Sentence matching42. ANS: D REF: Test 1: Reading passages 1-3 TOP: Sentence matching43. ANS: A REF: Test 1: Reading passages 1-3 TOP: Sentence matching44. ANS: C REF: Test 1: Reading passages 1-3 TOP: Sentence matching45. ANS: B REF: Test 1: Reading passages 1-3 TOP: Sentence matching ESSAY46. ANS:Various answersREF: Test 1: Writing Task 2 TOP: Essay47. ANS:Answers will varyREF: Test 1: Writing Task 1 TOP: GraphOTHER48. ANS:Various answersREF: Test 1: Speaking Part 2 TOP: Long turn topic card。

雅思阅读考试模拟测试题带答案

雅思阅读考试模拟测试题带答案2015年雅思阅读考试模拟测试题带答案It is estimated that around of the approximately six thousand languages that are spoken today, over three thousand of them are likely to have disappeared by the year 2100. Many of these are now classified as endangered languages and are classified as such by factors such as the number of speakers a language has, the age of the speakers, and the percentage of the youngest generation acquiring fluency in the language. For example, a language with many tens of thousands of speakers may be considered endangered if the children in the community are no longer learning the language. This scenario may happen in a place like Indonesia which as many different languages in use, but is trying to make communication easier by teaching a national language nation-wide. In another scenario, a language may only have a few hundred speakers but may not be considered endangered because all of the children in the community are learning the language.Once a language is classified as endangered, conservation efforts may be made in an attempt to save or revive the language. Whether or not to make such efforts is a decision which is ultimately made by the speakers of the language themselves, but success often requires a great deal of help and approval from the government or other authorities.One of the most famous language conservation success stories is that of the Welsh language. Historically, large numbers of Welsh people spoke only Welsh, but eventually English became the main language of Wales and fewer and fewer people learned Welsh. Conservation efforts began to be made in themid-20th century with the establishment of such organisations as the Welsh Language Association in 1962. The Welsh Language Act and the Government of Wales Act, both passed in the 1990s, protected the Welsh language and made sure that English and Welsh would have equal status in Wales. Since 2000, the study of the Welsh language has been a compulsory subject in school. Today, over 22% of the population of Wales are Welsh speakers, up from 18% in 1991.Another famous example, Hebrew, is not so much a story of language conservation as much as language revitalisation. Hebrew was once a spoken language but by the 4th century BCE it had been replaced by Aramaic. Hebrew continued to be used for religious purposes and in literature but the language was no longer used for everyday purposes. In the 19th century, there was a movement to revive Hebrew as a spoken language, and when the State of Israel was founded in 1948, Hebrew was adopted as the official language. There was some resistance to this idea, as Hebrew was considered a religious language, not a language to be used for common communication. In addition, because Hebrew was an ancient language, it lacked many of the words that are used in modern times and many new words had to be coined. However, because there was a need for a common language in Israel, the language was accepted and now thrives.The successes of language conservation are many, but many more attempts at language preservation do not succeed and there are many languages that have not survived except for a few recordings made by the last native speakers before their deaths. In some cases, the number of remaining speakers at the start of conservation efforts was not enough to sustain revitalisation, and in others, efforts may fail because there is often no economicbenefit to learning an endangered language at the expense of a more commonly spoken national or international language.QuestionsDo the following statements agree with the information given in the article?In boxes 1-10 on your answer sheet writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this1) Half of the languages spoken today will be gone by 2100.2) A language may be considered endangered if children of the speakers are no longer learning the language.3) Indonesian is an endangered language.4) Most endangered languages today are saved and revived.5) Welsh was revived mainly due to government legislature.6) The number of Welsh speakers is expected to rise rapidly in the future.7) All school lessons in Wales are taught in Welsh.8) Hebrew died out completely in the 4th century BCE.9) Hebrew and Aramaic are similar languages.10) Many new terms had to be added to Hebrew to make it functional for today’s world.Answers1) F2) T3) NG4) F5) T6) NG7) NG8) F9) NG10) T【2015年雅思阅读考试模拟测试题带答案】。

雅思考试模拟试题及答案解析(17)

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(11~15/共10题)SECTION 2
Questions 11-15
Complete the table below.
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Label the rooms on the map below.
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(41~53/共13题)PASSAGE 1
You should ,spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13 which are based on Reading Passage 1below.图片A Remarkable Beetle
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(25~30/共10题)SECTION 3
Questions 25-30
Complete the notes below.
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雅思考试模拟试题及答案解析（1）

雅思考试模拟试题及答案解析（1）雅思考试模拟试题及答案解析（1）(1~10/共10题)SECTION 1Play00:00…Volume第1题Complete the form below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer. APPLICATION FORMYears of Membership: SevenType of I.D.: 1I.D. No.: 2Family Name: BlackOther Names: Gavin RaymondD.O.B.: 22/01/1973I.D. Expiry Date: 3Address: 4MeadowbankClass of Vehicle: 5Endorsements: NoneConvictions: 6 (1993)第2题第3题第4题第5题第6题第7题Complete the table below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBERfor each answer. Membership Level Benefits7 Bronze Silver GoldStandardCare —5% discount 7.5% discount 50% discount off8Insurance —$10 off fee $20 off fee Free9PersonalLoans 0.25%reduction* 0.5%reduction* 10reduction* 1.25%reduction**on applicable rate第8题第9题第10题下一题(11~20/共10题)SECTION 2Play00:00…Volume第11题Complete the sentences below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.Diners can eat inside the restaurant or in the ______.第12题Visitors can put on their swim suits and play in the ______.第13题The Cottage houses a museum, cinema room and ______.第14题The Garden Nursery is the place to buy plants, pots, garden sculptures and ornaments including ______.第15题The Wood Crafting Shed is a great place to buy wooden products, especially ______ for the children.第16题The avocado fruit that is grown at Summerland is picked by ______.第17题Label the plan below.Choose your answers from the box below and write the letters A-H next to questions 17-20.图片A. Avocado Packing ShedB. Car ParkC. Carton Manufacturing ShedD. Cool RoomE. Gift ShopF. Garden ShopG. Macadamia De-husking ShedH. Museum第18题第19题第20题上一题下一题(21~30/共10题)SECTION 3Play00:00…Volume第21题Complete the summary below.Choose your answers from the box and write the letters A-N next to questions 21-26.A wetland is an area where the soil is typically water-logged. Plants and animals living there depend on the wetness for their 1 . Draining swamps is a widespread occurrence which kills off wildlife and, consequently, wetlands are 2 worldwide. It is a feature of wetlands thatconditions vary according to 3 . Water-tolerant plants grow both in and out of the water and water levels are usually 4 . Wetlands naturally occur between land and water and become 5 for various wildlife during very dry periods. They also act as nurseries for different kinds of animal life. Wetlands are known to upgrade 6 by removing pollutants.A. water qualityB. seasonal changeC. saturated soilD. safe placesE. quite lowF. quite highG. nutrientsH. nurseriesI. international recognitionJ. farming activityK. extinctL. continued existenceM. commercial developmentN. at risk第22题第23题第24题第25题第26题第27题Complete the diagram below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.图片第28题第29题第30题上一题下一题(31~40/共10题)SECTION 4Play00:00…Volume第31题Complete the sentences below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.Someone in an anxiety state has worse ______ than normal.第32题A phobia may stem from heredity or ______.第33题The reason for the final breakdown is generally linked with ______ like the loss of a loved one or a health crisis.第34题Match the phobic state in the box to the symptoms below.Choose your answers from the box and write the letters A-D next to questions 34-40.Phobic statesA. Single phobiaB. AgoraphobiaC. ClaustrophobiaD. Social phobiaThe sufferer:Feels extremely shy in company第35题Likes to sleep with the lights on第36题Fears leaving the house第37题Gets sweaty hands第38题Fears a particular creature第39题Fears small spaces第40题Has difficulty speaking in front of other people上一题下一题(41~53/共13题)PASSAGE 1HYBRID SOLAR LIGHTING—Light the Interiors of Buildings with Sunlight!Hybrid solar lighting is a system that captures sunlight on a roof top and uses optical fibres to channel it directly into a building. The only power needed to operate it is a 9-volt battery and the energy cost reduction, worker productivity and health benefits are immense.It was originally developed by the US Department of Energy at its Oak Ridge National Laboratory and licensed to a company called Sunlight Direct. It has already been installed in a large number and a wide range of buildings in the USA including higher education institutions, museums, department stores and other specialty stores. Initial reports declare that retail sales increase by as much as 40% when the switch is made from fluorescent lighting to hybrid solar. Furthermore, there is a majorimprovement in the attention spans and academic attainment of undergraduates in classrooms or lecture theatres lit by hybrid solar. It is to be hoped that the technology can soon be made financially feasible for households as well as commercial buildings.It has been suggested that 30% of the electricity used in the USA is just for lighting and, for retailers, the estimate increases to 45%. Obviously, that figure could decrease significantly if sunlight could be brought inside. Hybrid solar lighting is predicted not only to save millions of dollars in energy costs but it is attractive for its quality which is almost identical to daylight.A solar collector consisting of a 1.2 metre parabolic primary mirror concentrates the light toward a secondary mirror which has a special multi-layer coating that reflects only the visible wavelengths which effectively strips off the ultra-violet and infra-red wavelengths from the reflected light. This is important to reduce heat in the fibre optics which would otherwise melt.The visible light is focused from the secondary mirror towards a receiver module where it is homogenized to guarantee uniformity before it enters the fibre optic bundle which then passes into the building interior for lighting. The fibres are easily installed and replaced and unlike fluorescent lights that require energy, the hybrid solar system only needs one 9-volt battery %o power the solar tracking system for a week.The solar tracker mechanism consists of two motors that are controlled by a GPS (global positioning system) micro processor situated beneath it. This computes the exact position of the sun (based on the latitude, longitude, date and time) to within point one degree. The light collected shines brightly. Just two of these fibres emit enough light to be equivalent to a 60 Watt light bulband there are 127 of fibres in one bundle. What if it is cloudy or rainy outside? That's where the hybrid comes in. The lighting fixtures combine the sunlight with the artificial light from fluorescent or incandescent lamps to create a hybrid luminaire. A photo sensor in the room monitors the intensity and automatic adjustments are made in order to keep a constant level of illumination.A room lit entirely by fluorescence has an orange glow which is not very natural. If the lighting is changed to 80% solar and 20% fluorescent, it is far more aesthetically appealing. It is estimated that hybrid solar lighting could reduce their energy bill of most retailers by 60%; and retail stores have been some of the first adopters of the new technology because of the health benefits gained from natural lighting. Studies have shown that 20% of workers under artificial light suffer symptoms of depression from Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD). In addition, retail stores with natural lighting sold 40% more merchandise than stores with artificial light. Research has shown that biological rhythms and circadian rhythms are the secret to having successful and productive employees. Bringing in the natural light helps regulate these biological processes.The technology has made such an impression that other scientists are looking at alternative applications: utilizing the UV light energy for hot water heating, for example. There is one limitation to the technology, however: although the plastic optical fibres are very low cost, they also have very low transmittance and extend for only around 15 metres from the solar collector. This is why currently solar hybrid lighting is primarily focused on the top and main floors of a building.Overall, the potential electricity savings and carbon dioxidereductions are enormous. The units are designed to last twenty years and, as volumes of sales increase, the price should come down considerably. It may be a while before individual households can enjoy hybrid solar lighting but, in the meantime, there is a substantial benefit in that it is making many work and study spaces as natural and comfortable for humans as possible.第41题Complete the summary below with words taken from Reading Passage 1.Use NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 1-3 on your answer sheet.A hybrid solar lighting system has been developed that uses1 to illuminate buildings. Numerous advantages have been described, such as a boost in2 and increased3 and educational achievement amongst students.第42题第43题第44题Complete the diagram below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 4-8 on your answer sheet.图片第45题第46题第47题第48题第49题Complete the notes below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage foreach answer.Write your answers in boxes 9-13 on your answer sheet.●127 fibres = 1 bundle●2 fibres = 60 Watt bulb●A 9 measures amount of light& a 10 mixes light from different sources to keep levels constant●Higher % of natural light, more attractive and biologically advantageous—fluorescence contributes to feelings of 11 whereas natural or hybrid light gives rise to more productivity (& the sale of more 12 in shops) because it helps workers (& shoppers) feel good and maintain biological rhythms.●Plastic fibres are cheap but length from the 13 is a limiting factor.第50题第51题第52题第53题上一题下一题(54~66/共13题)PASSAGE 2Reading Passage 2 has six sections A-F.Choose the correct heading for each section from the list of headings below.Write the correct number i-ix in boxes 14-19 on your answer sheet.List of Headingsi. Uncertain future for academic freedomii. Low pay causes problemsiii. Tough life, worse prospectsiv. A safety net for intellectual risk-takersv. The necessity for economic reformvi. Educational standards declinevii. Adverse effects on health of adjunctsviii. Academic life: perception versus realityix. Exploitation of a stop-gap systemThe Rise of AdjunctsA. Academia is often thought of as an occupation with immense job security. The traditional image is one of a middle-aged professor with his own office, his own car park, and a cosy job with a middle-class salary that remains unaffected by upturns and downturns in the 'real' businesseconomy. But in the United States today only a minority of professors have anything resembling this lifestyle. For the vast majority, the actual conditions of their employment are very different. They scrape by with low pay, short-term contracts and few or no employee benefits. Many even qualify for food stamps. This shift in employment conditions has far-reaching consequences not only for academics, but also for students and the quality of education they receive, and for academic freedom more generally.B. Originally, almost all professors were in full-time positions and employed under a system known as 'life tenure'. Tenure all but guarantees professors a well-paid job until retirement; their position can only be terminated with 'just cause'. Proving just cause is a lengthy, difficult process that happens rarely—only around 50 of 280,000 tenured professors lose their status every year. The purpose of tenure is to provide shelter for researchers who dissent from dominant opinions, disagree with the authorities of universities, donors or political authorities, or choose to research topics that may have social importance but seem unimportant or unnecessary to others. In this way it seeksto keep intellectual pursuits 'pure' rather than at the whim of external interests. Without tenure, professors might prefer uncontroversial research on popular topics, and draw dishonest conclusions in a bid to please authorities and keep their jobs.C. In an era of perpetual cost-cutting and budget-tightening, however, guaranteeing large numbers of academics lifetime employment with related benefits is increasing untenable. The proportion of university teachers with tenure has slid from 75 percent in 1960 to just 27 percent today. Rising in their place are 'professor adjuncts'. Adjuncts are temporary, part-time employees who were initially brought in only occasionally as special guest lecturers or to provide cover for tenured professors on parental or research leave. Adjuncts teach individual classes and have no research or administrative responsibilities, and their contracts typically run for a single semester, after which they might be renewed. Over the last few decades their use has been extended beyond these temporary exigencies, and adjuncts have become a permanent, institutionalised aspect of academic employment.D. This has created several problems for adjunct professors, who are considered by some to make up a growing 'academic underclass'. Firstly, because contracts are always temporary, adjuncts rarely qualify for insurance and health benefits, such as time off with remuneration for illness, in the same way as tenured professors. Secondly, recompense for adjuncts is often very low. In order to make a living from their work, adjuncts typically need to win contracts with multiple universities. As a consequence of this high teaching workload—and the lack of paid research opportunities—adjuncts tend to find it hard to publish articles and win research grants, therefore making promotionincreasingly unlikely with every year that passes (academic promotion is governed by what is known as a 'publish or perish' culture).E. The culture of using adjuncts also has flow-on effects for the quality of teaching that students receive. Because adjuncts come in only for classes, they do not have offices or office hours on campus, and usually do not have the time to meet up with students in small groups or for one-on-one sessions. The disengagement between students and teachers can make it difficult for struggling students to find guidance outside of lectures. Adjuncts are also less 'tied' to the universities they teach at and fail to accumulate reputations over time in the same way as full-time professors. As such, they are not as personally invested in the quality and outcome of their teaching. Finally, it has been reported that many adjuncts practice grade inflation—raising grades higher than deserved—in order to maintain their job security by keeping students pleased.These outcomes are not because adjuncts are malfeasant or incompetent professors, but rather because of the structural pressures this type of work involves—precisely what the tenure system sought to overcome.F. The rising use of adjunct professors also has implications for the research and pedagogical autonomy of teachers. Because adjuncts do not have tenure, they can be fired with the simplest of explanations. Furthermore, administrators who do not want to give any reason at all can choose to simply not renew an adjunct's contract after the semester finishes. As such, there is immense pressure on adjuncts to teach in ways that please those who employ them. While only 50 tenured professors lose their jobs in the USA every year, reports emerge every day about adjunctswho have been fired or not had contracts renewed after disputes with faculty or administrators over course design, teaching, or employment issues. As the pool of growing numbers of adjuncts compete desperately for the shrinking amount of tenure-track positions, intellectual conformity can grow as candidates position themselves as safe, mainstream choices. As theoretical physicist Lee Smolin has written, "...it is practically career suicide for young theoretical physicists not to join the field of string theory..."The rising use of adjunct professors is mainly rooted in a need for cost efficiency in education, but it has more diffuse effects on the wellbeing of academic professionals and students, the quality of the education they receive, and academic freedom in general. Everyone who is concerned about more than the fiscal 'bottom line' needs to follow this trend carefully.第54题Section A第55题Section B第56题Section C第57题Section D第58题Section E第59题Section F第60题Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write your answers in boxes 20-22 on your answer sheet.What was the motivation behind the tenure system?A.To allow professors to pursue their research without outside influence.B.To prevent academic positions from being used for research that is not useful.C.To discipline professors who make claims that are not true.D.To provide professors with a secure income so that they can focus on research.第61题Which of the following is NOT a feature of adjunct employment?A.Contracts that expire after a limited periodB.Paid sick leaveC.Lecturing responsibilitiesD.Difficulty securing funding for research第62题Why do adjuncts have low prospects for improving their academic position?A.They are unable to receive medical care.B.They do not have enough time for writing articles.C.They work at more than one institution.D.They are under-qualified.第63题Complete the sentences below with words taken from Reading Passage 2.Use NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 23-26 on your answer sheet.Because adjuncts are paid only to teach, they cannot always provide support for ______.第64题Adjuncts do not have the same bonds with one particular institution as permanent staff do so they do not ______ in the same way.第65题Giving better marks than warranted enhances adjuncts' ______.第66题Adjuncts do not deliver quality education, not because they are bad lecturers but as a result of ______.上一题下一题(67~80/共14题)PASSAGE 3READING WARSA. In many developed countries literacy skills are under siege. This is true even in societies where access to primary education is universal and governments invest heavily in education. New Zealand, for example, was leading the world in literacy rates in 1970, but tumbled to thirteenth place in 2001 and then again to twenty-fourth just a few years later. Test scores in the USA also slumped ten percent during the 1990s despite the country riding an economic boom for much of the decade. In some cases these statistics reverse trends that were in motion for over a century and a haft. The steady, gradual expansion of literacy across social groups and classes was one of the greatest successes of the period of industrialisation that began in the mid-1850s.B. This reversal of fortunes has lead to widespread contention over the pedagogy of teaching literacy. What was once a dry and technical affair—the esoteric business of linguists and policy analysts—rapidly escalated into a series of skirmishes that were played out in high-visibility forums: Newspapers ran special features, columns and letters-to-the-editor on the literacycrisis; politicians successfully ran their national campaigns on improving reading test scores; and parents had their say by joining Parent Teacher Associations (PTAs) and lobby groups.C. The arguments around reading pooled into two different classroom methodologies: constructivism and behaviourism. The constructivist methodology grew from a holistic conception of knowledge creation that understood reading and writing to be innate, humanistic and interpretative practices that suffered when they were spliced and formalised within rigid doctrines, strict rules and universal skill-sets. Constructivists associate words with meanings; each word might be thought of as a Chinese ideogram. Students are encouraged to learn individual words and skip over and guess words they do not understand, or learn to interpret those wordsby situating them within the lexical infrastructure of the sentence and the story's wider narrative. These practices materialise as learning processes centred on guided group reading and independent reading of high-quality, culturally diverse literature or textual composition that emphasises pupils conveying their own thoughts and feelings for real purposes such as letters to pen pals or journal entries.D. Behaviourism sees the pedagogical process in a less dialectical fashion—words are initially taught not lexically, as vehicles to convey meaning, but rather sub-lexically, as a combination of features that can be separated and learnt in a schematic process. The behaviourist approach does not focus on words at all in the early stages of learning. Rather, it is centred on a universally applicable method of teaching students to isolate graphemes and phonemes with the intention that students will eventually learn to synthesise these individual parts and makesense of spoken words textually. In this way, individual components are not equated with the strokes of a brush on a Chinese ideogram, but rather as the focal pieces of interpretation—as in, for example, learning to read musical notations or Morse Code. Because of its emphasis on universal rules, behaviourism is much more conducive to formal examination and the consolidation of results across regions and countries. The ability to master language is considered to rest in the acquisition of a set of skills that exist independently of individuals. Classroom learning is therefore based upon the transmission of knowledge from tutor to student, rather than seen as an internalised process that erupts within the students themselves.E. So who comes out on top? It is not easy to say. Champions of behaviourism have claimed victory because constructivist learning took over in the late 1980s, just before test scores on literacy began sinking across the West. Constructivists, however, can make the valid claim that the behaviourist approach has a heavy methodological bias towards testing and examination, and that test results do not represent the ability of individuals to use and interpret language freely and creatively. Furthermore, different socio-economic groups respond in different ways to each method. Those from wealthier families tend to do well regardless of the method, but thrive on the constructivist approach implemented in the 1990s. Children from poorer families, however, are better served by behaviourism. These outcomes have ramped up levels of socio-economic based educational disparities in educational systems that have pushed the constructivist method.F. It is unlikely that either constructivism or behaviourism willbe permanently sidelined from curricula in the near future. Most teachers find it easier to incorporate aspects of each approach. Constructivism may ultimately hold the trump card because of its proven success with pupils who come from families where they are introduced to reading and writing in various forms from a young age—this process of 'living and learning' and immersing oneself in language is a sound principle. In a world rife with social inequities, households with illiterate parents and a scarcity of funding for education, however, the behaviourist approach may have the upper hand in teaching children to access the basic skiffs of literacy quickly and efficiently, even if some linguistic creativity is crushed in the process.第67题Reading Passage 3 has six paragraphs, A-F.Which paragraph contains the following information?Write the correct letter, A-F, in boxes 27-33 on your answer sheet.NB You may use any letter more than once.A reason why constructivism might increase inequalities in society。

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第20题
How long do people have to appeal a decision?______
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(21~25/共10题)SECTION 3
Complete the following sentences using NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each gap.
A Your passport.
B Your children´s passports.
C Your Police Registration Certificate.
D A letter from your college or university saying that you are on a full-time course of study, or that you will be beginning one.
第23题
Clare studied ______ at university.
第24题
Clare felt she would be more ______ if she was further from her family.
第25题
Clare chose Infrastructure as one of her ______ optional courses.
Where can you download the FLRS application form?______
第18题
Which postal service should you use when sending your application?______
第19题
Which organisation has a 24-hour emergency line?______
第8题
It is not necessary to be ______ on the lower floor of the library.
第9题
What is on the upper floor of the library?______
第10题
It is not always necessary to make an appointment to use the ______ room.
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第21题
The professor already knows something about Clare from her ______.
第22题
The professor wants to ask Clare about her experience and ______.
Answer the following questions using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS/NUMBERS for each answer.
第5题
How many other UK universities have libraries open 24 hours?______
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(17~20/共10题)SECTION 2
Answer the following questions using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR NUMBERS for each answer.
第17题
Decide which three things ALL applicants MUST send when extending their leave to remain. Write the appropriate letters in boxes 14, 15 and 16 in any order.
雅思考试模拟试题及答案解析（15）
(1~4/共10题)SECTION 1
Complete the following information.
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第1题
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第2题
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第3题
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第4题
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E Bank statements covering the past three months.
F A recent passport-sized photograph of yourself.
G Recyour children.
第14题
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Complete the following sentences using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR NUMBERS for each gap.
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第11题
Students on courses lasting over a year are usually given until ______ to leave the country.
第6题
What size photocopies are available at the library?______
第7题
How many entries are there on the library database?______
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(8~10/共10题)SECTION 1
Complete the following sentences using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap.
第12题
You should send your application ______ before your permission expires.
第13题
Your application must only include ______ documents.
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(14~16/共10题)SECTION 2