三峡大坝介绍英文 ppt课件
三峡大坝介绍[英文]
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三峡 英文介绍
三峡英文介绍The Three Gorges of China: A Majestic Natural WonderThe Three Gorges, situated along the Yangtze River in central China, are a breathtaking natural wonder that have long captivated the hearts and minds of both locals and visitors alike. Stretching over a distance of approximately 120 kilometers, this awe-inspiring landscape is characterized by towering cliffs, serene waterways, and a rich tapestry of cultural heritage that has endured for millennia.At the heart of the Three Gorges lies the Yangtze River, the longest river in Asia and the third-longest in the world. This mighty waterway has played a pivotal role in shaping the history, economy, and way of life of the people who have called this region home for countless generations. The river's winding course through the rugged terrain has created a series of dramatic gorges, each with its own distinct character and charm.The first of the Three Gorges, Qutang Gorge, is renowned for its sheer, towering cliffs that rise up on either side of the river, creating a sense of awe and wonder in all who behold it. The steep, rocky walls are adorned with ancient temples, pagodas, and otherstructures that bear witness to the region's rich cultural heritage. As the river winds its way through the gorge, it is flanked by lush, verdant forests that provide a stunning contrast to the stark, craggy landscape.Downstream from Qutang Gorge lies the Wu Gorge, a serene and tranquil stretch of the Yangtze that is often referred to as the "Jewel of the Three Gorges." Here, the river is flanked by towering peaks that are shrouded in mist and mystery, creating a sense of otherworldly beauty that has inspired countless artists and poets over the centuries. The Wu Gorge is also home to a number of important cultural sites, including the Goddess Peak, a towering rock formation that is said to be the resting place of a mythical goddess.The final and most famous of the Three Gorges is the Xiling Gorge, a dramatic and imposing stretch of the Yangtze that is characterized by its sheer, rugged cliffs and the powerful, swirling currents of the river. This section of the gorge is particularly renowned for its stunning scenery, with towering peaks and lush, forested slopes that rise up on either side of the river. The Xiling Gorge is also home to a number of important historical and cultural sites, including the Three Gorges Dam, a massive hydroelectric project that has transformed the region's landscape and economy.Despite the many changes that have occurred in the Three Gorgesregion over the centuries, the area remains a place of profound natural beauty and cultural significance. Visitors to the Three Gorges can explore a rich tapestry of history, from ancient temples and pagodas to the bustling river towns and cities that have long thrived along the Yangtze's banks.One of the most remarkable aspects of the Three Gorges is the sheer scale and grandeur of the natural landscape. The towering cliffs and peaks that line the river's course create a sense of awe and wonder that is difficult to capture in words. Whether one is sailing along the Yangtze, hiking through the forested slopes, or exploring the region's many cultural sites, the experience is one of profound and lasting beauty.Beyond its natural wonders, the Three Gorges region is also renowned for its rich cultural heritage. The area has long been home to a diverse array of ethnic groups, each with their own unique traditions, customs, and ways of life. From the ancient Tujia and Miao peoples to the more recent influx of Han Chinese settlers, the Three Gorges region is a melting pot of cultures that has given rise to a vibrant and dynamic cultural landscape.One of the most iconic cultural elements of the Three Gorges is the region's rich tradition of boat-building and river-faring. For centuries, the Yangtze River has been the lifeblood of the local economy,serving as a vital transportation route and a source of livelihood for countless families. The region's boat-builders have developed a rich and sophisticated craft, creating vessels that are not only functional but also works of art, adorned with intricate carvings and vibrant colors.In recent years, the Three Gorges region has undergone a significant transformation, with the construction of the massive Three Gorges Dam project. This ambitious engineering feat, which was completed in 2006, has had a profound impact on the region's landscape, economy, and way of life. While the dam has brought significant benefits in terms of flood control, hydroelectric power generation, and improved navigation, it has also had a significant impact on the local environment and displaced thousands of people who had lived along the river's banks for generations.Despite these challenges, the Three Gorges region remains a place of profound natural beauty and cultural significance. Visitors to the area can explore a rich tapestry of history, from ancient temples and pagodas to the bustling river towns and cities that have long thrived along the Yangtze's banks. Whether one is drawn to the region's stunning natural landscapes, its rich cultural heritage, or its fascinating history, the Three Gorges are a truly remarkable and unforgettable destination.。
长江三峡的英文介绍完整
The Yangtze Three GorgesThe Yangtze Three Gorges, one of the ten most famous tour sites of China, proudly stands at the top of the best 40 in China’s hottest scenic spots. Meanwhile, it also enjoys the reputation for one of the best 35 China’s king scenic spots and 16 special touring routes. Your steps into Yichang will take you to the greatest paintings of the elegant Three Gorges gallery. Though the Three Gorges Project reservoir began reserve water, the three gorges stand still with their elegance and verve. The Xiling Gorge is still deep and serene; the Wu Gorge is still beautiful; while the Qutang Gorge is still steep and magnificent. At the same time, the new Three Gorges bring you infinite new views. New sceneries created by the reservoir will add extra mysteries to you and make your trip rich and colorful.Yichang, as the door of the Three Gorges, is the optimal start place for the marvelous and attractive tour through Three Gorges.The Three Gorges consist of the Xiling Gorge, the Wu Gorge and the Qutang Gorge. And they extend over 193 km from Daidi Castle in the west, Fengjie county of Chongqing municipality, to Nanjin Guan of Yichang city in the east, Hubei province. It's the prime landscape along the Yangtze River, as well as the treasure of the China mountains and rivers. Through ages, the charming gorges have admired thousands of foreign and Chinese tourists whole heartedly.Now, distinguished friends, let's start the amazing trip through the Three Gorges.Xiling GorgeThe elegant Xiling Gorge starts from Guandu Kou of the Zigui County in the west, and ends to Nanjin Guan of Yichang in the east. Its total length of 114 km ranks the longest in the three gorges, among which 66 km is for gorges (31 km above dam, 35km below dam). The name “Xiling”, standing for “West Mountains”, came from its specific situation as it’s situated in the west of Yichang, and especially, it’s the west border of the ancient Chu State. These gorges become famous for dangerous and spectacular location. In Xiling Gorge, there are 3 shoals (Xie Shoal, Qing Shoal and Kongling Shoal) and 4 gorges (Dengying Gorge, Huangniu Gorge, Niugan Mafei Gorge, and Bingshu Baojian Gorge). Series of gorges and shoals make the water flow speedy and complex here. Ouyang Xiu of the North Son g Dynasty praised “the mountains and water of Xiling are the finest under heaven”. Marshal Chen Yi of P.R.C also praised “Xiling is the finest in the Three Gorges, and everyone will forget to return for thick delight”. From the ancient times, the boat trackers kept their living here for generations, dragging the boats upstream and fighting against the riptide. An ancient idiom saying “Boats hard to sail in Xiling, even ghosts are afraid of reefs” is the vivid description. After the completion of the Gezhoub a Hydropower Station, a big reservoir came into being in the upstream, which raised the water line andsubmerged those dangerous shoals. Additionally, after the foundation of the People’s Republic of China, the government dredged up the river way several times and destroyed many dangerous reefs. Thanks to all these actions, we can enjoy our safe and leisure touring through these beautiful gorges today.Nanjin Guan (the Nanjin Col)Nanjin Guan is the start point of the Yangtze Three Gorges, as well as the boundary separating of the upstream and midstream of the Yangtze River. After the ship sailing upstream through the Nanjin Guan, the width of the Yangtze River becomes sudden narrow from 2000 m to 300 m. It tells the beginning of your colorful tour in the beautiful painting of the Three Gorges.Dengying Gorge (the Shadowgraph Gorge)12 km west to Nanjin Guan, we will reach the Dengying Gorge (the Shadowgraph Gorge), which is also called “Mingyue Gorge (the Bright Moon Gorge)”. It’s a short but extraordinary gorge. The walls of the gorge are smooth and clean, just like having been polished carefully by Nature’s engineering. Being mirrored by the sky, the walls look like a lifelike traditional Chinese landscape painting. If you get here at night, the landscape in the moon light will show you a dreamland beyond words description. That’s the origin of another name, “the Bright Moon Gorge”. The Dengying Gorge, which means “the Shadowgraph Gorge”, got its name from the figure of the mountains. In the south bank, four peculiar stones look like four characters in the famous Chinese legend “Record of a journey to the west”. In sunset, when we look at them from the gorge, they are vivid like telling the story by the shadowgraph. So, the gorge here is also called “the Shad owgraph Gorge”.Li Siguang’s Tectonic FormationGet to Liantuo in the north bank of the Xiling Gorge by ship, you will find the geological section formed in the Cambrian period. In the Three Gorges, you can find kinds of mature stratum formed in every geological age from 2.5 billion years ago to 1 million years ago. The world renowned Li Siguang’s Tectonic Formation (the tectonic formation was found by the Chinese geologist, Mr. Li Siguang) was found here in the Xiling Gorge, which attracted strong interest from the world geology field. The formation was recognized as “the natural geological museum”, and “the living fossil” of the geological mechanical formation. You would obviously feel that time has brought great changes to the world when you visit the Geo logy Park and the Li Siguang’s Tectonic Formation.Xianren Bridge (the Sage’s Bridge)A few minutes while the ship goes west, in the north bank, we will see the Xianren Bridge (the Sage’s Bridge), a natural stone 1-meter-wide bridge spanning 15 meters on the mountain, where is the best place for enjoying the beauties of the Xiling Gorge. Whenyou stand there, everything in miles of the Xiling Gorge will be taken in a glance. It’s said legendarily that once upon a time, a fairy fell in love with a woodchoppe r. But, it’s impossible for the woodchopper to reach the paradise to meet the fairy. Then, the fairy threw down her band of the skirt and made the bridge to lead her lover. A poet of the Song Dynasty, Tian Jun wrote a poem for the bridge “Clouds mist on it; river roars under it; Boat stop here and ask; why can’t see fairies, but the empty bridge.” The statue of flying fairy was built to memory this lovely fairy.Huangniu Gorge (the Bull’s Gorge)Sailing 10 km upstream to the west, we will see a row of mountain crest in the south bank. 9 strips of green ridges droop downward sinuously, just liking 9 dragons rushing down to the river. The mountain crest is the Huangniu Cliff (the Bull’s Cliff), the valley under is the Huangniu Gorge (the Bull’s Gorge).The watercourse though the Huangniu Gorge zigzags like the intestine, and is full of interlaced submerged reefs. The river water swirls like the boiling water to make the sailing dangerous. “Morning set off in Huangniu, night anchor in Huangniu, 3 days and 3 nights are not enough for passing through Huangniu, days and nights, endless sailing drives hair grizzle.” An ancient ballad is the best description about the hard shipping condition in this part.Why the gorge here was name “Huangniu (the Bull)”? It came from an ancient story about Xia Yu’s contribution to flood controlling. It’s said that the God sent Xia Yu to the human world to dredge the river and prevent the flood. When he led people to excavate the river and reach here, the God sent a magic bull to help him. One day morning, a woman came here to sent water and food to workers. When she reached the river, she happened to see a giant and strong bull colliding the mountains. The mountain collapsed and the earth quaked like thunder storm. Her screaming stampeded the bull and made it jump off the mountain, but left its image in the mountain walls. The Chinese ancient strategist, Mr. Zhuge Liang had a sentence of description in his “Travel Notes in Huangling Temple”: “when I pored over the mountain walls across the river, I found magic head portrait image with vivid hair and eyebrows, remarkably true to life. A flag in the front, and a bull on the right side, just like someone painted it here.” Of course, the story was the people’s beautiful imagination about conquering the nature. And, the “Bull” is the best indication standing for human’s greatest power in conquering the world. In order to memory the bull’s contribution, ancient people built a temple here to fete it.As a matter of fact, the giant painting is the wall is the particular in Three Gorges. About 400 million years ago, here is still ocean. And 200 million years ago, the granite magma from earth interior movement formed the now Huangniu Mountain and Zhongbao Island. The granite here contains kinds of pigments, showing different colors. White is the main color for Huangniu Mountain, and decorating with some black, therefore forms the big wall paintings. A Chinese ancient poet Li Daoyuan said: “the image at the highest of the rock wall looks like a man lo wing a bull, back man and yellow bull”. This vivid naturalimage has attracted countless tourists of all ages, and fingered out of the world most particular.Zhongbao Island-the Site of the Three Gorges DamAfter ship passes the Xiling Yangtze Bridge, we will reach the dam site of the Three Gorges Project. Years ago, it was a rectangle shaped island called “Zhongbao Island”, with an area of about 0.15 km2. Former premier, Mr. Zhou Enlai chose it from several schemes and set it as the dam site.As a magic island, it has never been submerged in histories, no matter how heavy the floods were. According to the records, the heaviest flood happened in 1870 did not cover this island even the Huangling Temple in a higher place was submerged. Up till now, there is no t any convincible explanation on the phenomenon of “the island goes up along the rising river”However, the island is disappeared since the Project was under construction.We are now going through the “Open Channel of Headrace”. It’s about 3410 m in length, with the width of 350 m, sharing 1/3 of the total width of the Yangtze River here. It’s one of the main constructions of the first phase of the Three Gorges Project. Since June of 2003, ships began to pass the dam through the double-line 5-stage ship locks (for ships over 10 thousand ton). The huge construction at the right side is the Three Gorges Dam. It’s the concrete gravity dam, with a height of 185 m. And the total length of the dam top is 2309 m. The normal water level of the reservoir will be 175 m. The total capacity of the generators installed is 18.20 million kW, while the total annual capacity will be more than 84.7 billion kWh. Ladies and gentlemen, at our left side, we can see the “first city of Three Gorges Immigrants”, the new town site of Zigui County.High Gorge Mountains and the Reservoir LakeThe high gorge mountains and the reservoir lake are the new imposing scenic spots brought to the Yangtze Three Gorges by the construction of the Three Gorges Project. From June 1 to 15, 2003, when the initial water reserve completed, the water level in the upstream of the dam increased to 135 m, much higher than the 98 m level before May 31. The reservoir capacity increased from 2.3 billion to 12.3 billion cubic meters. At 22:00 of September 20, 2006, the reservoir began to raise water level from 135.5 m to 156 m, with extra reservoir capacity of 11 billion cubic meters. At that time, the Three Gorges went on to initial operation period from the cofferdam period, with comprehensive functions on flood control, electricity generation and ship traffic. Here, Yichang, will begin to show you the scenery of the reservoir lake in the high mountains. And here will be the right place to bring you the best view of the reservoir and the mountains. The reservoir will force water to flow back to the place where Fengdu Count located, forming a 436 km long reservoir in the watercourse in the upstream of the dam. The width of the river in many broad valleys will increase to about 3000 m from 1000 m before the water reserve. The Yangtze Riverwill offer you a new face with the smooth reservoir lake instead of the former torrential flow. Lots of hidden scenic spots will show their charms to the tourists. Those new added sceneries like valleys, lakes, islands, watercourses, and water-eroded caves will combine with the previous gorge views to form new contents for your trip to new Three Gorges. According to the incomplete statistics, after the initial water reserve, new lakes and islands will come into being, such as the Zigui Lake, the Baidi Lake, the Baidi Island, the Shuangjiang Island (the Dual River Island), and the Hulu Island (the Calabash Island) etc. Vast and immensurable, nature abounds in changes, the beautiful lakes and mountains will paint a new magnificent scene in the new Three Gorges.Recently, more sightseeing platforms have been built around the Three Gorges Project dam area, such as the Tanzi Ling (Peak Crock), the Extreme Top on the Huangniu Rock (the Bull’s Rock), the first mountain top at the head of the reservoir-the Phoenix Mountain, the Nv’er Ling (the Daughter’s Mountain Top) and etc. All these viewing points provide you the all time, multi view, different height, and omnidirectional sightseeing experience of the dam, the reservoir lake and the high mountains.Kongling GorgeWhen leaving the Three Gorges dam 10 km behind, we’ll reach a steep gorge, the Kongling Gorge. The cloud-capped mountains in the gorge look like sharpened by knives and axes. This gorge is also called “the Kongleng Gorge (empty and cold gorge)”, “the Tongling Gorge (Through Mountains Gorge)”. It’s about 2.5 km in length. According to records in ancient books, ships had to be emptied to ensure its safe sailing in the torrent here. In the middle of this narrow watercourse, there’s a s hoal full of many dangerous submerged reefs, called “the Kongling Shoal”. Ancient people said “the Qing Shoal and the Xie Shoal are not the real shoal, only the Kongling is the gate to the hell”. Many years ago, there was a big rock in the middle of the wa ter, showing the warning words “Come towards me”. When getting here, ships must go straight ahead towards the Rock; with the help of backstroke water bounced by the rock, ship would skim rock and pass through in safety. But, if you ignored the warning, and intended to steer away from the big rock, the water would certainly rush you to the rock causing accident. In 1900, a foreign ship crashed here because the captain had no sense on this warning, and even ignored the advice from the guide. After the liberation in 1949, the big rock was destroyed. Later, the successful launch of Gezhouba Hydropower Project raised the water and deeply merged those dangerous shoals. Although we lose the experience of the nervous and excite sailing here, we obtain the safe transportation.Niugan Mafei Gorge (Gorge of Bull’s Lever & Horse’s Lung)Out of the Kongling Gorge, we will reach the Niugan Mafei Gorge in a short while. The gorge is about 4.5 km in length. In the conflux of Jiuwan River (explored for driftage) and the Yangtze River, there were several brown rocks overlapped in the cliff on the mountain in the north bank. They looked like the Bull’s lever. Beside them, there was another lung shaped big stone called “the Horse’s Lung”. Because these funny rocks, thegorge was named as Gorge of Bull’s Lever & Horse’s Lung (the Niugan Mafei Gorge). Actually, these rocks were made of calcium carbonate by the groundwater.As years past by, the Niugan Rock is still intact, while the Mafei Rock has lost its under part. It was shot by British warship in 1900 when China was still governed by the Qing Dynasty. Today, it is still telling the crimes done by the old British imperialism.However, the Mafei rock has been submerged by the raised water. And the Niugan rock was cut and removed to the Phoenix Mountain in the new city of Zigui County by local tourism bureau. Though we cannot see the two rocks anymore in the gorge, there still are other sceneries as the same.Bingshu Baojian Gorge (Gorge of the Tactics Book & Sword)When our ship passes the Xin Tan (New Shoal), we will reach Bingshu Baojian Gorge. In the rock gaps of the mountain cliff in the north bank, there’s something looking like a roll of bamboo book. It was said it’s the tactics book of Mr Zhuge Liang (an ancient Chinese famous strategist). Under the tactics book, there outshoot a sword shape rock which is thick on the top and sharp in the bottom, pointing to the river. That is the Sword Rock.According to the field research done by the archaeologists, the “tactics book” isact ually the remains of the ancient hanging coffin, while the “sword” is an outshoot limestone.There are also two legends going along with this gorge. One is about Mr. Zhuge Liang. It’s said that Zhuge Liang wrote a book on military experience of his whole l ife. One day, when he got a serious disease, he found there was nobody standing around him could inherit the book. In order to avoid the doctrinaires’ improper use of his theories, he chose the steep place to store it because he thought only those who can get it could take right and full advantage of his book. Another legend happened when the Chuhan Campaign broke out at the end of the Qin Dynasty. Zhang Liang, a smart advisor of the King Liubang, defeated the elite troops of the King Xiangyu, and took over the Chu. After Zhang Liang’s death, his tactics book and sword were hidden here.Before the water raise in the reservoir, the Tourism Bureau of Zigui County organized a special force to save the legendary “tactics book”. Actually, there were remains of hanging coffin and many national secured relics. Now, all these things have been preserved on the Phoenix Mountain for tourists visiting.Celebrities’ Native Place in XiangxiSoon later we will reach the broad valley of Xiangxi. Along the clear and green river of Xiangxi, there once lived two famous Chinese celebrities. One is the great poet, Qu Yuan of the Chu State, and the other is the beauty Wang Zhaojun of the Han Dynasty. It’s said, one day, when Wang Zhaojun was washing her face by the river, she accidentally lost thepearls in her necklace into the Xiangxi River. From then on, the water in this river became clear and fragrant, and got its name “Xiangxi” (the Fragrant River). Like a splendid belt, Xiangxi River makes a shortcut into the Shennongjia virgin forest. After the completion of the Three Gorges dam reservoir, our ship can sail directly from the Yangtze River to Zhaojun’s Village. While in the half way, we can stop at the Leping Li, the birthplace of Qu Yuan.Leping Li, the hometown of Qu Yuan, is right situated by the riverside of the Xiangxi River. There, we can find many interesting places and legend sites about Qu Yuan, such as the Xianglu Ping, the Zhaomian Well, the Dushu Cave, and the Yumi Sanqiu etc. Qu Yuan was an honest, selflessness poet as well as a politician with foresight and sagacity. He was much concerned about the nation and the people, and left many famous poems such as “Li Sao”.The Baoping Village of the Xiangshan County in the upstream of the Xiangxi River is the hometown of Wang Zhaojun, the famous imperial concubine in the ancient Han Dynasty. She married the King of the Hu people in the far western region to exchange long term peace situation. In recent years, her native houses were rebuilt by the local government. At the gate of her house, there stands her white marble statue presented by the Inner Mongolia, with a theme “Wang Zhaojun is living along the thousands years history, just as long peace between the Hu and Han peoples”.The water reserved by the Three Gorge Project also raised the water level in the Xiangxi River. The width of the river was broadened to over 100 m from the former about 10 m. The Xiangxi River, right now, is the short cut linking the new Three Gorges and the Shennongjia. Ships with capacity of thousand tonnages from the Yangtze River can reach the Xiakou Dock of the Xiangshan County through the Xiangxi River. Landing in the dock, you will find that the Shennongjia is just less than an hour’s drive away. Als o, the convenient transportation enables a better accession to the hometowns of Qu Yuan and Wang Zhaojun.Wu GorgeAfter a little while, the ship will finish its sailing in smooth water of the broad valley and carry us to the Wu Gorge, which got the name f rom the Wu Mountain. It’s about 71 km from Guandu Kou in Badong County in the east to the mouth of Daxi Town in the west. The gorge valley is about 44 km in length, and 27 km in width. In both banks of the gorges, the green mountains wave look like the Chinese folding screens. Traveling in the devious watercourse in the deep and beautiful gorges seems like sailing in a natural gallery. Because the Wu Gorge is deep enough and receives less sunshine, the moisture in gorge could not be easily vaporized. The moisture flows and agglomerates to be fogs and clouds. The gauzelike fogs and clouds sometimes fly like dragons, sometimes like yarns. When the beams of sunshine penetrate the clouds apertures, it will bring us the brilliant view called “the Wu Gorge Buddhist Light” by the local people. Therefore, the ancient peopleleft beautiful poems, such as “the water is the water only in the sea; the cloud is the cloud only in the Wu Gorge”.Shennong Xi River in BadongLeaving the Badong Town, we will find another branch of the Yangtze River in the north bank, the Shennong Xi River. In recent years, its driftage has attracted more and more tourists. This river originates in the mountains of the Shennong Jia Mountain. The water is so clear that it almost let your eyesight reach the river bed. The mountains along the river are great as those of the Three Gorges. After the Three Gorges Project reserved water, there’s a lake formed in the middle stream of Shengnon Xi River. We can enjoy the colorful sightseeing, and get to Luoping, where is the start place of our journey drifting the Shennong Xi River. Sitting in a boat shaped like peasecod, we can raft down the clean stream and pass the Shennong Gorge and Mianzhu Gorge to experience the primal wild feeling. In the river, the fragrant fresh air, the birds’s singing, and the ballads sang by the boatmen tell you that you are far from the modern civilization already. After the driftage, we will soon back to the Yangtze Three Gorges.Twelve Peaks among the Wu MountainsWhen sailing in the Wu Gorge, the tourists always can’t help outlooking the famous twelve peaks among the Wu Mountains. The limy twelve peaks both in north and south banks are standing thousands of meters high above the water. Their spectacular wonderful shapes are various. Some looks like men flying into the sky; some looks like phoenixes spreading wings; some looks like folding screen showing paintings; and some look like immortals having meetings…Among the six coherent peaks waving in the north bank, the first one we can see is the Jixian Peak (the Immortals Gathering Peak), which is also called “the Scissor Peak”. In the wall of the mountain under the peak, six big characters loom through the fog, which means “serried ridges and peaks in the Wu Gorge”. Beside the b ig ones, there are some small characters engraved, but we can hardly see them clearly for years of efflorescence. The rock engraved these small characters is also named “the Kongming Stele” because people said these small characters are the well known arti cle “Longzhong Dui” written by the famous ancient strategist Zhuge Liang (Kongming as birth name). Besides, the other five peaks are Songluan (Maohe Peak), Shennv (Wangxia Peak), Zhaoyun, Shengquan, and Denglong.The rest six peaks are standing in the south bank. But, only the Feifeng Peak, the Cuiping Peak, and the Juhe Peak can be viewed from the Yangtze River. if you want to see the other three peaks including the Jingtan Peak, the Qiyun Peak and the Shangsheng Peak, you have to go upstream about 15 km along the Shennv River, a branch of the Yangtze. Therefore, Lu You, a famous poet of the Song Dynasty, wrote a poem and said “Only 9 can be seen among the 12 peaks in the Wu Mountains”.Among these 12 peaks, the most beautiful and upright one is the Shennv Peak (the Saint Girl Peak). When ship heads the peak, we can look up and find a towering rock. It looks like a slim graceful girl, and got the name of the “Saint Girt Peak”. A legend coming down tells us the story. It’s said that once upon a time, the youn gest daughter of the Western Queen Mother, Yao Ji, happened to meet several dragons raising devils here. So she killed them and rescued humans. Later, she sent Da Yu to excavate the Three Gorges and dredge up the river. In order to keep the sailing safe here, she stood into the peak permanently to guide the sail. Day and night, she was the first one here to welcome the rising sun and send off the sunset. Actually, the legend expresses the dream of the ancient people wishing a safe and sound sail here.Daning River and Little Three GorgesNext stop after the twelve peaks of the Wu Mountains is the Daning River. Its headwater is the Zhongnan Mountain of the Pingli County in Shanxi Province. After passing through countless valleys and canyons of Wuxi and the Wu Mountain in Chongqing, it reaches the Yangtze in the east corner of Wushan County. Along the Daning River, there are another three gorges as the Longmen Gorge, the Bawu Gorge and the Dicui Gorge, making the “Little Three Gorges”. Compared to the great Thr ee Gorges, the little one is more beautiful and fascinating. People describe it as “Three Gorges top of the world, Little Three Gorges top of the Three Gorges”. The water raised by the Three Gorges Project reservoir has some impact on the scenery of Little Three Gorges, but improves the navigation condition in the Madu River and Mini Three Gorges.Madu River is an anabranch of the Daning River. Along this river, there’s the Mini Three Gorges. The 20 km Mini one consists of Madu Gorge, Qinwang Gorge and Xiniu Gorge (the Rhinoceros Gorge). All the three gorges own their spectacular sceneries, in which the Madu Gorge is known for countless strange rocks and peaks; the Qinwang Gorge is know for caves and springs; and the Xiniu Gorge is famous for a rock of rhinoceros shape.Qutang GorgeNext to the Wu Gorge, after the ship finishes its journey in the 27-km broad valley in Daning River, we will reach the Qutang Gorge, which is well known for its magnificence. From Daxi Town in the east to the Baidi Castle in the west, the 8 km gorge is the shortest one in Three Gorges. But, the importance of “controlling Sichuan and linking Hubei” strengthens its status. As another gallery of natural sceneries and folk cultures, we can easily find many well known tour sites along our trip upstream, such as the Feng Xiang Gorge (the Bellows Gorge), the Fenghuang Yinquan (the Spring for Phoenix’s Drink), the Mengliang Ti (the Mengliang’s Ladder), the Daodiao Heshang (Upside Down Hanging Monk), the Guimen Guan (the Kuimen Col), the Fenbi Wall (the Pink Walls) and etc.Fengxiang Gorge (the Bellows Gorge)The moment when we enter the Qutang Gorge, on the bluff in the north bank, we can see three big white Chinese characters “Fengxiang Gorge”. No doubt, here we are. Actually, the Fengxiang Gorge is just an arduous cliff. On the cliff, some gaps are found. In a bigger gap, there are a pile of quadrate wood boxes which look like bellows. Then, the gorge got its name. It’s said that the bellows here were left by the Chinese ancient famous carpenter, Lu Ban. In 1971, 3 herb collectors climbed up there and found those box coffins left by the ancient Ba People about 2000 years ago.Fenghuang Yinquan (the Spring for Phoenix’s Drink), Mengliang Ti (Mengliang’s Ladder), Daodiao Heshang (Upside Down Hanging Monk)Soon later, on the cliff in the south bank, there used to be two-storey pavilion built on the rock. The place where the pavilion located was the Fenghuang Yinquan (Spring for Phoenix’s Drink). There, a 20-meter high and 6-meter wide giant rock pillar was effusing the spring water. Seen from far away, it looked like a phoenix drinking water at the spring.The upstream of the Fenghuang Yinquan is the famous Mengliang Ti (Mengliang’s Ladder). It’s a row of quadrate holes cut in the rock. They were one by one, row by row, zigzagging from low to high and reaching the top of the mountain.Closely next to the Mengliang Ti on the rock, there used to pop out a strange rock, which looked like a Monk hanging upside down here. So, people called it the Upside Down Hanging Monk. Absolutely, there was a story behind the scenery. It’s said that there was a famous general named “Yang Ye” in the North Song Dynasty. When he was killed in a battle, his body was buried on a small platform named the “Homesick Platform” popping out from the mountainside of the Baiyan Mountain. In order to save the skeleton of Yang Ye, one of his subordinates, named Mengliang, drove a boat into the Qutang Gorge quietly at night. He cut some holes on the bluff and inserted iron puncheons to make ladders for climbing. When he climbed the half way, a monk found him. The monk pretended to mimic the crow and made Mengliang misunderstood the dawn’s coming. To avoid being found by the guards, he gave up the action and failed in the project. When Mengliang found he was cheated, with greatest anger, he hung the monk upside down on the rock. Of course, this is just a fictitious story. In fact, as the heritage left by ancient ordinary people, these holes were cut to build plank road along the cliff. And the Upside Down Hanging Monk is just a common stalactite.Nowadays, the water reserved by the Three Gorges Project has submerged the Fenghuang Yinquan and the Upside Down Hanging Monk, and the Mengliang’s Ladder has been moved to a higher place.Kuimen Col, Fenbi Tang (the Hall of the Prink Walls)The width of the Yangtze at the Qutang Gorge mouth narrows to less than 100 meters. Cliffs and bluffs in both banks are sharp enough as if they were just cut by swords. On a square place on the mountain, 5 big characters were engraved to tell you that。
长江三峡的英文介绍(完整)
The Yangtze Three GorgesThe Yangtze Three Gorges, one of the ten most famous tour sites of China, proudly stands at the top of the best 40 in China 's hottest scenic spots. Meanwhile, it also enjoys the reputation for one of the best 35 China 's king scenic spots and 16 special touring routes. Your steps into Yichang will take you to the greatest paintings ofthe elegant Three Gorges gallery. Though the Three Gorges Project reservoir began reserve water, the three gorges stand still with their elegance and verve. The Xiling Gorge isstill deep and serene; the Wu Gorge is still beautiful; while the Qutang Gorge is still steep and magnificent. At the same time, the new Three Gorges bring you infinite new views. New sceneries created by the reservoir will add extra mysteries to you and make your trip rich and colorful.Yichang, as the door of the Three Gorges, is the optimal start place for the marvelous and attractive tour through Three Gorges.The Three Gorges consist of the Xiling Gorge, the WuGorge and the Qutang Gorge. And they extend over 193 km from Daidi Castle in the west, Fengjie county of Chongqing municipality, to Nanjin Guan of Yichang city in the east, Hubei province. It's the prime landscape along the Yangtze River, as well as the treasure of the China mountains and rivers. Through ages, the charming gorges have admired thousands of foreign and Chinese tourists whole heartedly.Now, distinguished friends, let's start the amazing trip through the Three Gorges.Xiling GorgeThe elegant Xiling Gorge starts from Guandu Kou of the Zigui County in the west, and ends to Nanjin Guan of Yichang in the east. Its total length of 114 km ranks the longest in the three gorges, among which 66 km is for gorges (31 km above dam, 35km below dam). The name “Xiling ”, standing for “West Mountains ”, came from its specific situation as it 's situated in the west of Yichang, and especially, it 's the west border of the ancient Chu State. These gorges become famous for dangerous and spectacular location. In Xiling Gorge, there are 3 shoals (Xie Shoal, Qing Shoal and Kongling Shoal) and 4 gorges (Dengying Gorge, Huangniu Gorge, Niugan Mafei Gorge, and Bingshu Baojian Gorge). Series of gorges and shoals make the water flow speedy and complex here. Ouyang Xiu of the North Song Dynasty praised “the mountains and water of Xiling are the finest under heaven ”. Marshal Chen Yi of P.R.C also praised “Xiling is the finest in the Three Gorges, and everyone will forget to return for thick delight ”. From the ancient times, the boat trackers kept their living here forgenerations, dragging the boats upstream and fighting against the riptide. An ancient idiom saying “Boats hard to sail in Xiling, even ghosts are afraid of reefs ”is the vivid description. After the completion of the Gezhouba Hydropower Station, a big reservoir came into being in the upstream, which raised the water line and submerged those dangerous shoals. Additionally, after the foundation of the People 's Republic of China, the government dredged up the river way several times and destroyed many dangerous reefs. Thanks to all these actions, we can enjoy our safeand leisure touring through these beautiful gorges today.Nanjin Guan (the Nanjin Col)Nanjin Guan is the start point of the Yangtze Three Gorges, as well as the boundary separating of the upstream and midstream of the Yangtze River. After the ship sailing upstream through the Nanjin Guan, the width of the Yangtze River becomes sudden narrow from 2000 m to 300 m. It tells the beginning of your colorful tour in the beautiful painting of the Three Gorges.Dengying Gorge (the Shadowgraph Gorge)12 km west to Nanjin Guan, we will reach the Dengying Gorge (the Shadowgraph Gorge), which is also called “Mingyue Gorge (the Bright Moon Gorge) ”.It 's a short but extraordinary gorge. The walls of the gorge are smooth and clean, just like having been polished carefully by Nature 's engineering. Being mirrored by the sky, the walls look like a lifelike traditional Chinese landscape painting. If you get here at night, the landscape in the moon light will show you a dreamland beyond words description. That 's the origin of another name, “the Bright Moon Gorge”. The Dengying Gorge, which means “the Shadowgraph Gorge ”,got its name from the figure of the mountains. In the south bank, four peculiar stones look like four characters in the famous Chinese legend “Record of a journey to the west ”.In sunset, when we look at them from the gorge, they are vivid like telling the story by the shadowgraph. So, the gorge here is also called “the Shadowgraph Gorge ”.Li Siguang 's Tectonic FormationGet to Liantuo in the north bank of the Xiling Gorge by ship, you will find the geological section formed in the Cambrian period. In the Three Gorges, you can find kindsof mature stratum formed in every geological age from 2.5 billion years ago to 1 million years ago. The world renowned Li Siguang 's Tectonic Formation (the tectonic formation was found by the Chinese geologist, Mr. Li Siguang) was found here in the Xiling Gorge, which attracted strong interest from the world geology field. The formation was recognized as “the natural geological museum ”,and “theliving fossil ”of the geological mechanical formation. You would obviously feel that time has brought great changes to the world when you visit the Geology Park and the Li Siguang 's Tectonic Formation.Xianren Bridge (the Sage 's Bridge)A few minutes while the ship goes west, in the north bank, we will see the Xianren Bridge (the Sage 's Bridge), a natural stone 1-meter-wide bridge spanning 15 meters on the mountain, where is the best place for enjoying the beauties of the Xiling Gorge. When you stand there, everything in miles of the Xiling Gorge will be taken in a glance. It 's said legendarily that once upon a time, a fairy fell in love witha woodchopper. But, it 's impossible for the woodchopper to reach the paradise tomeet the fairy. Then, the fairy threw down her band of the skirt and made the bridge to lead her lover. A poet of the Song Dynasty, Tian Jun wrote a poem for the bridge “Clouds mist on it; river roars under it; Boat stop here and ask; why can 't see fairies, but the empty bridge. ”The statue of flying fairy was built to memory this lovelyfairy.Huangniu Gorge (the Bull 's Gorge)Sailing 10 km upstream to the west, we will see a row of mountain crest in the south bank. 9 strips of green ridges droop downward sinuously, just liking 9 dragons rushing down to the river. The mountain crest is the Huangniu Cliff (the Bull 's Cliff), the valley under is the Huangniu Gorge (the Bull 's Gorge).The watercourse though the Huangniu Gorge zigzags like the intestine, and is full of interlaced submerged reefs. The river water swirls like the boiling water to make the sailing dangerous. “Morning set off in Huangniu, night anchor in Huangniu, 3 days and 3 nights are not enough for passing through Huangniu, days and nights, endless sailing drives hair grizzle. ”An ancient ballad is the best description about the hard shipping condition in this part.Whythe gorge here was name “Huangniu (the Bull) ”? It came from an ancient story about Xia Yu 's contribution to flood controlling. It 's said that the God sent XiaYu to the human world to dredge the river and prevent the flood. Whenhe led people to excavate the river and reach here, the God sent a magic bull to help him. One day morning, a woman came here to sent water and food to workers. When she reached the river, she happened to see a giant and strong bull colliding the mountains. The mountain collapsed and the earth quaked like thunder storm. Her screaming stampeded the bull and made it jump off the mountain, but left its image in the mountain walls. The Chinese ancient strategist, Mr. Zhuge Liang had a sentence of description in his “Travel Notes in Huangling Temple ”:“when I pored over the mountain walls across the river, I found magic head portrait image with vivid hair and eyebrows, remarkably true to life. A flag in the front, and a bull on the right side, just like someone painted it here. ”Of course, the story was the people's beautiful imagination about conquering the nature. And, the“Bull ”is the best indication standing for human 's greatest power in conquering the world. In order to memory the bull 's contribution, ancient people built a temple here to fete it.As a matter of fact, the giant painting is the wall is the particular in Three Gorges. About 400 million years ago, here is still ocean. And 200 million years ago, the granite magmafrom earth interior movement formed the now Huangniu Mountain and Zhongbao Island. The granite here contains kinds of pigments, showing different colors. White is the main color for Huangniu Mountain, and decorating with some black, therefore forms the big wall paintings. A Chinese ancient poet Li Daoyuan said: “the image at the highest of the rock wall looks like a man lowing a bull, back man and yellow bull ”. This vivid natural image has attracted countless tourists of all ages, and fingered out of the world most particular.Zhongbao Island-the Site of the Three Gorges DamAfter ship passes the Xiling Yangtze Bridge, we will reach the dam site of the Three Gorges Project. Years ago, it was a rectangle shaped island called “Zhongbao Island ”, with an area of about 0.15 km2. Former premier, Mr. Zhou Enlai chose it from several schemes and set it as the dam site.As a magic island, it has never been submerged in histories, no matter how heavy the floods were. According to the records, the heaviest flood happened in 1870 didnot cover this island even the Huangling Temple in a higher place was submerged. Up till now, there is not any convincible explanation on the phenomenonof “the island goes up along the rising river ”However, the island is disappeared since the Project was under construction.We are now going through the “Open Channel of Headrace ”.It 's about 3410 m in length, with the width of 350 m, sharing 1/3 of the total width of the Yangtze River here. It 's one of the main constructions of the first phase of the Three Gorges Project. Since June of 2003, ships began to pass the dam through the double-line 5-stage ship locks (for ships over 10 thousand ton). The huge construction at the right side is the Three Gorges Dam. It 'sthe concrete gravity dam, with a height of 185 m. Andthe total length of the dam top is 2309 m. The normal water level of the reservoir will be175 m. The total capacity of the generators installed is 18.20 million kW, while the total annual capacity will be more than 84.7 billion kWh. Ladies and gentlemen, at our left side, we can see the “first city of Three Gorges Immigrants ”, the new town site of Zigui County.High Gorge Mountains and the Reservoir LakeThe high gorge mountains and the reservoir lake are the new imposing scenic spots brought to the Yangtze Three Gorges by the construction of the Three Gorges Project. From June 1 to 15, 2003, when the initial water reserve completed, the water level in the upstream of the dam increased to 135 m, much higher than the 98 m level before May 31. The reservoir capacity increased from 2.3 billion to 12.3 billion cubic meters. At 22:00 of September 20, 2006, the reservoir began to raise water level from 135.5 m to 156 m, with extra reservoir capacity of 11 billion cubic meters.At that time, the Three Gorges went on to initial operation period from the cofferdam period, with comprehensive functions on flood control, electricity generation and ship traffic. Here, Yichang, will begin to show you the scenery of the reservoir lake in the high mountains. And here will be the right place to bring you the best view of thereservoir and the mountains. The reservoir will force water to flow back to the place where Fengdu Count located, forming a 436 km long reservoir in the watercourse in the upstream of the dam. The width of the river in many broad valleys will increase to about 3000 mfrom 1000 m before the water reserve. The Yangtze River will offer you a new face with the smooth reservoir lake instead of the former torrential flow. Lots of hidden scenic spots will show their charms to the tourists. Those new added sceneries like valleys, lakes, islands, watercourses, and water-eroded caves will combine with the previous gorge views to form new contents for your trip to new Three Gorges. According to the incompletestatistics, after the initial water reserve, new lakes and islands will come into being, such as the Zigui Lake, the Baidi Lake, the Baidi Island, the Shuangjiang Island (the Dual River Island), and the Hulu Island (the Calabash Island) etc. Vast and immensurable, nature abounds in changes, the beautiful lakes and mountains will paint a new magnificent scene in the new Three Gorges.Recently, more sightseeing platforms have been built around the Three Gorges Project damarea, such as the Tanzi Ling (Peak Crock), the Extreme Top on the Huangniu Rock (the Bull 's Rock), the first mountain top at the head of the reservoir-the Phoenix Mountain, the Nv 'er Ling (the Daughter 's Mountain Top) and etc. All these viewing points provide you the all time, multi view, different height, and omnidirectional sightseeing experience of the dam, the reservoir lake and the high mountains.Kongling GorgeWhen leaving the Three Gorges dam 10 km behind, we 'll reach a steep gorge, the Kongling Gorge. The cloud-capped mountains in the gorge look like sharpened by knives and axes. This gorge is also called “the Kongleng Gorge (empty and cold gorge) ”, “the Tongling Gorge (Through Mountains Gorge) ”. It 's about 2.5 km in length. According to records in ancient books, ships had to be emptied to ensure its safe sailing in the torrent here. In the middle of this narrow watercourse, there 'sa shoal fullof many dangerous submerged reefs, called “the Kongling Shoal ”. Ancient people said “the Qing Shoal and the Xie Shoal are not the real shoal, only the Kongling is the gate to the hell ”. Many years ago, there was a big rock in the middle of the water, showing the warning words “Cometowards me”. Whengetting here, ships must go straight ahead towards the Rock; with the help of backstroke water bounced by the rock, ship would skim rock and pass through in safety. But, if you ignored the warning, and intended to steer away from the big rock, the water would certainly rush you to the rock causing accident. In 1900, a foreign ship crashed here because the captain had no sense on this warning, and even ignored the advice from the guide. After the liberation in 1949, the big rock was destroyed. Later, the successful launch of Gezhouba Hydropower Project raised the water and deeply merged those dangerousshoals. Although we lose the experience of the nervous and excite sailing here, we obtain the safe transportation.Niugan Mafei Gorge (Gorge of Bull 's Lever & Horse 's Lung)Out of the Kongling Gorge, we will reach the Niugan Mafei Gorge in a short while. The gorge is about 4.5 km in length. In the conflux of Jiuwan River (explored for driftage) and the Yangtze River, there were several brown rocks overlapped in the cliff on the mountainin the north bank. They looked like the Bull 's lever. Beside them, there was another lung shaped big stone called “the Horse 's Lung”. Because these funny rocks, the gorge was named as Gorge of Bull 's Lever & Horse 's Lung (the Niugan Mafei Gorge). Actually, these rocks were made of calcium carbonate by the groundwater.As years past by, the Niugan Rock is still intact, while the Mafei Rock has lost its under part. It was shot by British warship in 1900 when China was still governed by the Qing Dynasty. Today, it is still telling the crimes done by the old British imperialism.However, the Mafei rock has been submerged by the raised water. And the Niugan rock was cut and removed to the Phoenix Mountain in the new city of Zigui County by local tourism bureau. Though we cannot see the two rocks anymore in the gorge, there still are other sceneries as the same.Bingshu Baojian Gorge (Gorge of the Tactics Book & Sword)Whenour ship passes the Xin Tan (New Shoal), we will reach Bingshu Baojian Gorge. In the rock gaps of the mountain cliff in the north bank, there 's something looking like a roll of bamboo book. It was said it 'sthe tactics book of Mr Zhuge Liang (an ancient Chinese famous strategist). Under the tactics book, there outshoot a sword shape rock which is thick on the top and sharp in the bottom, pointing to the river. That is the Sword Rock.According to the field research done by the archaeologists, the “tactics book ”is actually the remains of the ancient hanging coffin, while the “sword ”is an outshoot limestone.There are also two legends going along with this gorge. One is about Mr. Zhuge Liang. It 's said that Zhuge Liang wrote a book on military experience of his whole life. One day, when he got a serious disease, he found there was nobody standing around him could inherit the book. In order to avoid the doctrinaires 'improper use of his theories, he chose the steep place to store it because he thought only those who can get it could take right and full advantage of his book. Another legend happened when the Chuhan Campaign broke out at the end of the Qin Dynasty. Zhang Liang, a smart advisor of the King Liubang, defeated the elite troops of the KingXiangyu, and took over the Chu. After Zhang Liang 's death, his tactics book and sword were hidden here.Before the water raise in the reservoir, the Tourism Bureau of Zigui County organized a special force to save the legendary “tactics book ”. Actually, there were remains of hanging coffin and many national secured relics. Now, all these things have been preserved on the Phoenix Mountain for tourists visiting.Celebrities 'Native Place in XiangxiSoon later we will reach the broad valley of Xiangxi. Along the clear and green river of Xiangxi, there once lived two famous Chinese celebrities. One is the great poet, Qu Yuan of the Chu State, and the other is the beauty Wang Zhaojun of the Han Dynasty. It 's said, one day, when Wang Zhaojun was washing her face by the river, she accidentally lost the pearls in her necklace into the Xiangxi River. From then on, the water in this river became clear and fragrant, and got its name“Xiangxi”(the Fragrant River). Like a splendid belt, Xiangxi River makes a shortcut into the Shennongjia virgin forest. After the completion of the Three Gorges dam reservoir, our ship can sail directly from the Yangtze River to Zhaojun 's Village. While inthe half way, we can stop at the Leping Li, the birthplace of Qu Yuan.Leping Li, the hometown of Qu Yuan, is right situated by the riverside of the Xiangxi River. There, we can find many interesting places and legend sites about Qu Yuan, such as the Xianglu Ping, the Zhaomian Well, the Dushu Cave, and the Yumi Sanqiu etc. Qu Yuan was an honest, selflessness poet as well as a politician with foresight and sagacity. He was much concerned about the nation and the people, and left many famous poems such as “Li Sao ”.The Baoping Village of the Xiangshan County in the upstream of the Xiangxi River is the hometown of Wang Zhaojun, the famous imperial concubine in the ancient Han Dynasty. She married the King of the Hu people in the far western region to exchange long term peace situation. In recent years, her native houses were rebuilt by the local government. At the gate of her house, there stands her white marble statue presented by the Inner Mongolia, with a theme “Wang Zhaojun is living along the thousands years history, just as long peace between the Hu and Han peoples ”.The water reserved by the Three Gorge Project also raised the water level in the Xiangxi River. The width of the river was broadened to over 100 mfrom the former about 10 m. The Xiangxi River, right now, is the short cut linking the new Three Gorges and the Shennongjia. Ships with capacity of thousand tonnages from the Yangtze River can reach the Xiakou Dock of the Xiangshan County through the Xiangxi River. Landing in the dock, you will find that the Shennongjia is just less than an hour 's drive away. Also, the convenient transportation enables a better accession to the hometowns of Qu Yuan and Wang Zhaojun.Wu GorgeAfter a little while, the ship will finish its sailing in smooth water of the broad valley and carry us to the Wu Gorge, which got the name from the Wu Mountain. It 's about 71 km from Guandu Kou in Badong County in the east to the mouth of Daxi Town in the west. The gorge valley is about 44 km in length, and 27 km in width. In both banks of the gorges, the green mountains wave look like the Chinese folding screens. Traveling in the devious watercourse in the deep and beautiful gorges seems like sailing in a natural gallery. Because the Wu Gorge is deep enough and receives less sunshine, the moisture in gorge could not be easily vaporized. The moisture flows and agglomerates to be fogs and clouds. The gauzelike fogs and clouds sometimes fly like dragons, sometimes like yarns. When the beams of sunshine penetrate the clouds apertures, it will bring us the brilliant view called “the Wu Gorge Buddhist Light ”by the local people. Therefore, the ancient people left beautiful poems, such as “the water is the water only in the sea; the cloud is the cloud only in the Wu Gorge”.Shennong Xi River in BadongLeaving the Badong Town, we will find another branch of the Yangtze River in the north bank, the Shennong Xi River. In recent years, its driftage has attracted more and more tourists. This river originates in the mountains of the Shennong Jia Mountain. The water is so clear that it almost let your eyesight reach the river bed. The mountains along theriver are great as those of the Three Gorges. After the Three Gorges Project reserved water, there 's a lake formed in the middle stream of Shengnon Xi River. We can enjoy the colorful sightseeing, and get to Luoping, where is the start place of our journey drifting the Shennong Xi River. Sitting in a boat shaped like peasecod, we can raft down the clean stream and pass the Shennong Gorge and Mianzhu Gorge to experience the primal wild feeling. In the river, the fragrant fresh air, the birds 's singing, and the ballads sang by the boatmen tellyou that you are far from the modern civilization already. After the driftage, we will soon back to the Yangtze Three Gorges.Twelve Peaks among the Wu MountainsWhensailing in the WuGorge, the tourists always can't help outlooking the famous twelve peaks among the Wu Mountains. The limy twelve peaks both in north and south banks are standing thousands of meters high above the water. Their spectacular wonderful shapes are various. Some looks like men flying into the sky; some looks like phoenixes spreading wings; some looks like folding screen showing paintings;and some look like immortals havi ng meeti ngs …Amongthe six coherent peaks waving in the north bank, the first one we can see is the Jixian Peak (the Immortals Gathering Peak), which is also called “the Scissor Peak”.In the wall of the mountain under the peak, six big characters loom throughthe fog, which means “serried ridges and peaks in the WuGorge”. Beside the big ones, there are some small characters engraved, but we can hardly see them clearly for years of efflorescence. The rock engraved these small characters is also named “the KongmingStele ”because people said these small characters are the well known article “Longzhong Dui ”written by the famous ancient strategist Zhuge Liang (Kongming as birth name). Besides, the other five peaks are Songluan (Maohe Peak), Shennv (Wangxia Peak), Zhaoyun, Shengquan, and Denglong.The rest six peaks are standing in the south bank. But, only the Feifeng Peak, the Cuiping Peak, and the Juhe Peak can be viewed from the Yangtze River. if you want to see the other three peaks including the Jingtan Peak, the Qiyun Peak and the Shangsheng Peak, you have to go upstream about 15 km along the Shennv River, a branch of the Yangtze.Therefore, Lu You, a famous poet of the Song Dynasty, wrote a poem and said “Only 9 can be seen among the 12 peaks in the Wu Mountains ”.Amongthese 12 peaks, the most beautiful and upright one is the Shennv Peak (the Saint Girl Peak). Whenship heads the peak, we can look up and find a towering rock. It looks like a slim graceful girl, and got the name of the “Saint Girt Peak ”.A legend coming down tells us the story. It 's said that once upon a time, the youngest daughter of the Western Queen Mother, Yao Ji, happened to meet several dragons raising devils here. So she killed them and rescued humans. Later, she sent Da Yu to excavate the Three Gorges and dredge up the river. In order to keep the sailing safe here, she stood into the peak permanently to guide the sail. Day and night, she was the first one here to welcome the rising sun and send off the sunset. Actually, the legend expresses the dream of the ancient people wishing a safe and sound sail here.Daning River and Little Three GorgesNext stop after the twelve peaks of the Wu Mountains is the Daning River. Its headwater is the Zhongnan Mountain of the Pingli County in Shanxi Province. After passing through countless valleys and canyons of Wuxi and the Wu Mountain in Chongqing, it reaches the Yangtze in the east corner of Wushan County. Along the Daning River, there are another three gorges as the Longmen Gorge, the Bawu Gorge and the Dicui Gorge, making the “Little Three Gorges ”. Compared to the great ThreeGorges, the little one is more beautiful and fascinating. People describe it as “Three Gorges top of the world, Little Three Gorges top of the Three Gorges ”.The water raised by the Three Gorges Project reservoir has some impact on the scenery of Little Three Gorges, but improves the navigation condition in the Madu River and Mini Three Gorges.Madu River is an anabranch of the Daning River. Along this river, there 'sthe Mini Three Gorges. The 20 km Mini one consists of Madu Gorge, Qinwang Gorge and Xiniu Gorge (the Rhinoceros Gorge). All the three gorges own their spectacular sceneries, in which the Madu Gorge is known for countless strange rocks and peaks; the Qinwang Gorge is know for caves and springs; and the Xiniu Gorge is famous for a rock of rhinoceros shape.Qutang GorgeNext to the Wu Gorge, after the ship finishes its journey in the 27-km broad valley in Daning River, we will reach the Qutang Gorge, which is well known for its magnificence. From Daxi Town in the east to the Baidi Castle in the west, the 8 km gorge is the shortest one in Three Gorges. But, the importance of “controlling Sichuan and linking Hubei ”strengthens its status. As another gallery of naturalsceneries and folk cultures, we can easily find many well known tour sites along our trip upstream, such as the Feng Xiang Gorge (the Bellows Gorge), the Fenghuang Yinquan (the Spring for Phoenix 's Drink), the Mengliang Ti (the Mengliang 's Ladder), the Daodiao Heshang (Upside Down Hanging Monk), the Guimen Guan (the Kuimen Col), the Fenbi Wall (the Pink Walls) and etc.Fengxiang Gorge (the Bellows Gorge)The moment when we enter the Qutang Gorge, on the bluff in the north bank, we can see three big white Chinese characters “Fengxiang Gorge”. No doubt, here we are. Actually, the Fengxiang Gorge is just an arduous cliff. On the cliff, some gaps are found. In a bigger gap, there are a pile of quadrate wood boxes which look like bellows. Then, the gorge got its name. It 's said that the bellows here were left by the Chinese ancient famous carpenter, Lu Ban. In 1971, 3 herb collectors climbed up there and found those box coffins left by the ancient Ba People about 2000 years ago.Fenghuang Yinquan (the Spring for Phoenix 's Drink), Mengliang Ti (Mengliang 's Ladder), Daodiao Heshang (Upside Down Hanging Monk)Soon later, on the cliff in the south bank, there used to be two-storey pavilion built on the rock. The place where the pavilion located was the Fenghuang Yinquan (Spring for Phoenix 's Drink). There, a 20-meter high and 6-meter wide giant rock pillar was effusing the spring water. Seen from far away, it looked like a phoenix drinking water at the spring.The upstream of the Fenghuang Yinquan is the famous Mengliang Ti (Mengliang 's Ladder). It 'sa row of quadrate holes cut in the rock. They were one by one, row by row, zigzagging from low to high and reaching the top of the mountain.Closely next to the Mengliang Ti on the rock, there used to pop out a strange rock, which looked like a Monk hanging upside down here. So, people called it the Upside Down Hanging Monk. Absolutely, there was a story behind the scenery. It 's said that there was a famous general named “Yang Ye”in the North Song Dynasty. When he was killed in a battle, his body was buried on a small platform named the “Homesick Platform ”popping out from the mountainside of the Baiyan Mountain. In order to save the skeleton of Yang Ye, one of his subordinates, namedMengliang, drove a boat into the Qutang Gorge quietly at night. He cut some holes on the bluff and inserted iron puncheons to make ladders for climbing. When he climbed the half way, a monk found him. The monk pretended to mimic the crow and madeMengliang misunderstood the dawn's coming. To avoid being found by the guards, he gave up the action and failed in the project. WhenMengliang found he was cheated, with greatest anger, he hung the monk upside down on the rock. Of course, this is。
三峡大坝介绍【英文】解读
Location of ‘Sanxia’
A man fishes as water flows through water diversion holes of the Three Gorges Dam on the Yangtze River in central China's Hubei Province, June 11, 2003. Some 10 water diversion holes were opened to release water. The water level of the Three Gorges Reservoir reached 135 metres (433 feet) on June 10. (AP Photo/Xinhua, Du Huaju)
Facts
The 16-year project is due to be completed in 2009. The river's level is expected to rise to 175 metres. By mid-June 2003 the dam was holding back 12 billion cubic metres of water. The dam's storage capacity is nearly 40 billion cubic metres. It will create a 658-sq.-km reservoir. Its concrete wall is 192 metres high. It has a total of 22 sluice gates. It will have 26 700-megawatt turbine generators. They are expected to produce 18.2 million kilowatts by 2009. Eleven of the reactors were in place as of January 2005. It has the world's largest lock system, 6?kilometres in length. The lock lifts and lowers ships in five stages. The dam is located in Yichang, in the central province of Hubei. It's China's biggest engineering project since the Great Wall was built more than 2,000 years ago. Total projected cost: 180 billion yuan ($26.5 billion).
三峡大坝介绍英文演示文稿
Two men carry bricks to a barge at the temporary dock at Wushan, in the middle of the Three Gorges on the Yangtze River in central China, June 6, 2003. Lower lying areas of the town have been demolished in preparation for the increase in the water level as the controversial Three Gorges Dam reservoir begins to fill. (AP Photo/Greg Baker)
water. The dam's storage capacity is nearly 40 billion cubic metres. It will create a 658-sq.-km reservoir. Its concrete wall is 192 metres high. It has a total of 22 sluice gates. It will have 26 700-megawatt turbine generators. They are expected to
三峡大坝介绍【英文】分享资料
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Location of ‘Sanxia’
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ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
A man fishes as water flows through water diversion holes of the Three Gorges Dam on the Yangtze River in central China's Hubei Province, June 11, 2003. Some 10 water diversion holes were opened to release water. The water level of the Three Gorges Reservoir reached 135 metres (433 feet) on June 10. (AP Photo/Xinhua, Du Huaju)
The dam's sluice gates were closed on June 1, 2003, allowing the reservoir behind it to begin filling. By June 10, 2003, the water was 135 metres deep, and it's expected to be 175 metres deep by 2009.
三峡大坝总体介绍【英文】
Cons and Pros of the Three Gorges Project
Introduction
China's massive Three Gorges hydroelectric project has generated plenty of controversy from the start. It was first proposed in 1919 by revolutionary leader Sun Yat-sen as a way of providing energy to fuel the nation's industrial development. The plan was revived in 1954 as a way to control the chronic overflow of the legendary Yangtze river after tens of thousands were killed in widespread flooding. After several false starts, work began in earnest in 1979.
Advocates say China's development depends on it. They say it will provide a clean source of energy for future generations. But critics say it could be a monumental ecological disaster.
water. The dam's storage capacity is nearly 40 billion cubic metres. It will create a 658-sq.-km reservoir. Its concrete wall is 192 metres high. It has a total of 22 sluice gates. It will have 26 700-megawatt turbine generators. They are expected to
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Cons and Pros of the Three Gorges Project
1
Introduction
China's massive Three Gorges hydroelectric project has generated plenty of controversy from the start. It was first proposed in 1919 by revolutionary leader Sun Yat-sen as a way of providing energy to fuel the nation's industrial development. The plan was revived in 1954 as a way to control the chronic overflow of the legendary Yangtze river after tens of thousands were killed in widespread flooding. After several false starts, work began in earnest in 1979.
produce 18.2 million kilowatts by 2009. Eleven of the reactors were in place as of January 2005. It has the world's largest lock system, 6?kilometres in length. The lock lifts and lowers ships in five stages. The dam is located in Yichang, in the central province of Hubei. It's China's biggest engineering project since the Great Wall was built more than 2,000 years ago. Total projected cost: 180 billion yuan ($26.5 billion).
3
Location of ‘Sanxia’
4
A man fishes as water flows through water diversion holes of the Three Gorges Dam on the Yangtze River in central China's Hubei Province, June 11, 2003. Some 10 water diversion holes were opened to release water. The water level of the Three Gorges Reservoir reached 135 metres (433 feet) on June 10. (AP Photo/Xinhua, Du Huaju)
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Two men carry bricks to a barge at the temporary dock at Wushan, in the middle of the Three Gorges on the Yangtze River in central China, June 6, 2003. Lower lying areas of the town have been demolished in preparation for the increase in the water level as the controversial Three Gorges Dam reservoir begins to fill. (AP Photo/Greg Baker)
Advocates say China's development depends on it. They say it will ovide a clean source of energy for future generations. But critics say it could be a monumental ecological disaster.
The dam's sluice gates were closed on June 1, 2003, allowing the reservoir behind it to begin filling. By June 10, 2003, the water was 135 metres deep, and it's expected to be 175 metres deep by 2009.
water. The dam's storage capacity is nearly 40 billion cubic metres. It will create a 658-sq.-km reservoir. Its concrete wall is 192 metres high. It has a total of 22 sluice gates. It will have 26 700-megawatt turbine generators. They are expected to
2
Facts
The 16-year project is due to be completed in 2009. The river's level is expected to rise to 175 metres. By mid-June 2003 the dam was holding back 12 billion cubic metres of