英语简单句课件

（数词）
4.To swim in the river is dangerous.
（不定式）
5.Smoking does harm to the health. （动名词）
7.When we are going to have the summer holiday has not been decided. （主语从句）
表语(Predicative)
• 用以说明主语的性质、特征、状态与身份，它 一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。
• 表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、数词、不定 式、动名词、分词、介词短语及表语从句表示。 例如：
1.Our teacher of English is an American. （名词）
***名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、从句可以作宾 语
例如： 1.He is doing his homework.（名词） 2.The heavy rain prevented me from
coming to school o（n代t词im、e动. 名词） 3.How many dictionaries do you have? I
1.During the 1990s, American country music has
become more and more popular.
（名词）
2.We often speak English in class. （代词）
3.One-third of the earth is covered by ocean water.
1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如： He practices running every morning. The plane took off at ten o’clock. The tourists put up a tent.
2、复合谓语： （1）由“情态动词+V原”。如：
You may keep the book for two weeks. （2）由“1.be+Ving（进行时态）
2.Is it yours? （代词）
3.The weather has turned cold. （形容词）
4.The speech is exciting. （分词）
5.Three times seven is twenty one? （数词）
6.His job is to teach English. （不定式）
7.His hobby is playing football. （动名词）
8.The meeting is of great importance. （介词短语）
9.Time is up. The class is over. （副词）
10.The truth is that he has never been abroad. （表语从句）
“系动词+表语”的结构
1）状态系动词用来表示主语状态，只有be一词， （即：be+表语）例如：
He is a teacher.
2）持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状或 态度，主要有keep, remain, continue,stay,stand, 例如：
He always kept silent at meeting.
（1）由“及物动词+宾”。如： Your words influenced my mind.
（2）由“不及物动词+介词+宾”。如： You shouldn’t laugh at disabled children. He has already caught up with his classmates.
Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.
（不定式）
The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.
He
is
（动名词） reading an article
about
how
to
主谓关系。常接复合宾语的动词有： name;call,tell，let，help，teach， ask， see，have，order，make，get 等。
“宾补”一般可由名词、形容词、副词、 不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。 例如：
1.His father named him Xiaoming. （名词） 2.They painted their boat white. （形容词） 3.Let the fresh air in. （副词） 4.You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.
She put the eggs into the basket with great care.方式状语 She came in with a dictionary in her hand.伴随状语
In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.
The rumor proved false. His plan turned out a success.
以上的成分称为基本句子成分。完整 的句子一般至少包含2--4个基本成分。
定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语. 定语可由以下等成分表示：
Guilin is a beautiful city. （形容词）
状语种类如下：
We should eat safely and healthily How about meeting again at six?（时间状语） Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.（原因状语） I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.（条件状语） Mr Smith lives on the third floor.（地点状语）
2.既有时间状语又有地点状语：“地点在前、时间在后”
同位语: 对其前面的名词代词做进一步解释. That is Mr. Chen, our English teacher.
插入语: 对一句话作一些附加的解释. To be honest, I don’t quite agree with you.
定语，状语，同位语及插入语可以称为 附属句子成分。
（1）双宾语（间接宾语sb.+直接宾语sth.）， 例如： Lend me your dictionary, please.
to: write, tell, pass, give, send, promise, show, hand, read, tell, bring, throw等，例如：
He sent the novel to William yesterday.
2.be+Ved（被动语态） 3.will/be going to+V原（将来时态） 4.have/has+Ved（完成时态）”。如： They are working in a field. He has caught some fish in the sea.
宾语：（Object）表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于 及物动词和介词后面。
3）表像系动词用来表示“看起来像”这一概念， 主要有seem, appear, look, 例如：
He seems (to be) very sad.
4）感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如：
This kind of cloth feels very soft.
（不定式短语）
5.We saw her entering the room. （现在分词）
6.We found everything in the lab in good order.
（介词短语）
7.We will soon make our city what your city is now.
（从句）
英语语法复习专题
英语句子概论
一、句子成分
（一）句子成分的定义： 构成句子的各个部分。 句子成分有主要成分和次要成分； 主要: 主语和谓语； 次要: 表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足
语、同位语和插入语。
1. 句子的成分
主语:(Subject) 是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在there
be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主 语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、 代词、数词、不定式、动名词、从句等表示。例如：
8.It is necessary to master a foreign language.
（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）
***不定式（to do…）,动名词（doing…）,从句
做主语时，谓语动词用单数。
谓语 (Predicate)
说明主语所做的动作பைடு நூலகம்具有的特征和状态。动词 在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构 成如下：
for: leave, buy, choose, cook, draw, find, order, post, save等，
例如： She bought a gift for her mother.
（2）复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语），
用于补充说明宾语的动作，一般位于宾语之后，宾语 与宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语，它们有逻辑上的
learn
Eng（lis介h.词短语）
Tom is a boy who likes music very much. （从句）