江苏省盐城市英语必修四牛津译林版学案：U3grammar

All the windows in the meeting room need washing.
(4)某些表观点的形容词（轻重难易）作表语时，形容词后用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。
She told me that the fish was not fit to eat.
He is the one who is hard to please.
【巩固练习】
1.a new libraryin our school last year?
A.Is; builtB.Was; builtC.Does; buildD.Did; build
2.An accidenton this road last week.
A.has been happenedB.was happenedC.is happenedD.happened
7)The song was being sung by the girls when I got there.
8)By the end of next term 2000 English words will have been learned.
9)The book has been translated into many languages.
5.在使役动词have, make, let以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面用动词不定式作宾语补足语时，主动结构中不定式符号to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to.例如：
Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.
3) The result of the exam will be known soon.
4) They are going to be given a difficult test.
5)The teacher said the results would be published soon.
6)The new airport is being built by a foreign company.
→________________________
4.复合宾语(宾语+补语)变被动语态时,只需将宾语变为被动句的主语,补语位置保持不动。例如;
Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette in the toilet.
→The boy was caught smoking a cigarette in the toilet.
10. She said that the work_____________(finish)by the end of this month.
【自主探究】
英语动词有两种语态________(Active Voice)和__________(Passive Voice)。
一、以do为例，各种时态的被动语态的构成形式如下表：
A. is repairingB. is being repairedC. will repairD.was repairing
7.Smithtold the speaker that she _________to speak a little louder so as to make herself _______.
You are wanted on the phone. The window got broken yesterday.
3. It+ be+动词的过去分词+that从句。
常用于这一结构的动词有：say, report, expect, prove, suppose等，该结构通常可转化“be+过去分词+不定式”。例如：
1)It is reported that they are sailing in the Pacific.
→They are reported to be sailing in the Pacific.
2)It is said that Mr. Bell invented the first telephone.
一般现在时
am / is / are done
过去完成时
had been done
一般过去时
was/ were done
一般将来时
shall / will be done
现在进行时
am / is /are being done
过去将来时
would be done
过去进行时
was / were being done
4.The flowers ______________(water) by them now.
5.The railway ________________ (build) this time last year.
6.The newhighway _______ already _________ (build).
(5) be to blame用主动形式表示被动意义。例如：
Neither the players nor the coach is to blame for the defeat.
7.常见的不及物动词及不及物动词短语不能用于被动语态的有：appear, remain, rise, happen, lie, arrive, exist, belong to, take place, break out, consist of.
→A stranger was seen to walk into the building.
6.主动语态表示被动意义的几种情况：
(1)某些感官动词和系动词,如look，smell，feel，prove，sound，taste ,etc.
The cloth feels very soft , so I like it very much
A. was expected; heardB. had expected; hear
Chad hoped; hearD. was hoped; heard
8.By the end of last year, another new gymnasium _______ in Beijing.
A.would be completedB.was being completed
The novel reads well. It is suitable for children.
(3) want, need ,require, deserve, worth等词的后面可以用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。
She bought me a book, which is worth reading.
The committee consists of six members.
You shouldn’t take what doesn’t belong to you.
I happened to see my professor in the supermarket yesterday.
【回标反馈】
10)All the tickets had been sold out when I got to the cinema.
二、情态动词的被动语态的结构：
一般式：情态动词（can, could, may, might, must, should, need等）+ be+过去分词.
完成式：情态动词（can, could, may, might, must, should, need等）+ have+ been+过去分词
(2)某些行为动词也可表示被动意义，表示事物本身具有的特性，常见的有: wash，write，wear，sell，lock，read，open，shut，+adv. ( well/badly等) .例如：
That kind of dress washes well.
This type of computer sells well among teenagers.
→Mr. Bell is said to have invented the first telephone.
3)It is believed that the new products will sell well in the future.
→_________________________
4)The old bridge is said to have been built in the early 1930s.
将来完成时
shall / will have been done
现在完成时
has / have been done
过去将来完成时
would have been done
e.g. 1) Football is played all over the world.
2) When was the building completed?
【问题情境】
用所给动词的正确形式填空
1.I ___________(give) a new book by my father on my birthdaylast month.
2.English ___________(find) very useful.
3.The work ______________(finish)tomorrow.
【学习目标】
1. To enable the students to learn the basic forms of passive voice and some special passive patterns.