2018高考英语全国卷模拟试题(附含答案解析及听力原文)

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟题英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，共12页。

满分150分。

考试用时120分钟。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、准考证号、县区和科类填写到答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。

2．第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

3．第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的位置，不能写在试卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。

不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

第I卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. ￡19.15.B. ￡9.18.C. ￡9.15.答案是C。

1. What’s John’s address?A.1434 King Street.B.1344 Queen Street.C.1343 King Street.2. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. In a classroom.B. In a post office.C. In a restaurant.3. What time is it now?A. 7:15.B. 7:30.C. 7:50.4. What does the woman think the man should do?A. Change the smaller offices into large ones.B. Move the offices to another building.C. Turn the meeting room into offices.5. How does the man feel at the moment?A. Better.B. Terrible.C. Great.第二节（共15小题；每小题1．5分，满分22．5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. Where does the man want to live?A. In a big city.B. In the country.C. In the mountain.7. Why couldn’t the woman sleep well last night?A. She was not used to the silence.B. She was afraid of the noise made by the birds.C. She was too tired to go to sleep.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8. What’s the relationship between the two speakers?A. Secretary and boss.B. Teacher and student.C. Doctor and patient.9. Why was the woman late?A. She got up late.B. She missed the bus.C. She got a telephone call.10. What can we know about the man?A. He is strict with the woman.B. He dislikes the woman.C. He gets angry easily.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11. How old was James Dean when his family moved to California?A. Four years old.B. Five years old.C. Nine years old.12. When did Dean become more serious about acting?A. When he was a college student.B. When he was in high school.C. After he moved to New York.13. Which aspect of Dean first attracted the man’s attention?A. His acting skills.B. His character.C. His cool appearance.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。

14. Who is Robert?A. A new sportsman.B. A team director.C. A retired manager.15. What job does the man do?A. He is a tennis instructor.B. He is a college teacher.C. He is a club manager.16. How does the woman think of herself?A. She is good at management.B. She is skilled at playing tennis.C. She is unable to work under pressure.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. When did the story take place?A. On the weekdays.B. On the weekend.C. During a holiday.18. What was the strangest thing about the man according to the speaker?A. He was riding a unicycle.B. He was singing a love song.C. All his clothes were pink.19. Why did everyone start clapping?A. The guy did a trick on the unicycle.B. The guy helped someone out.C. The guy sang a song with some kids.20. What might be the lesson of the story?A. Always do the right thing.B. Be careful with your money.C. Don’t judge people by their appearances.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15分，每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题给出的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AFor children living in Germany the first day of kindergarten is filled with sweets and surprises! It is a day of celebration for the whole family. Like American children, German children start the first day dressed in their best clothes. After that, their day is very different.In Germany parents go to the school with their children on the first day. That way the child is not alone. The parents stay at the school the whole day.When they arrive each child receives a zuckertute. A zuckertute is a cone-shaped goodie package filled with toys and sweets. The top is covered with flowers. It is usually large and sometimes stands as tall as the child! The zuckertute is brought to school by the parents before the school day begins. It is tradition for children to have their picture taken holding their zuckertute. Class pictures are also taken on the first day of school. The first day is spent exploring the classroom and getting to know one another.When the day is over, children and parents go home for a family party. The party usually takes place at home, but sometimes it is held at a restaurant. Brothers, sisters, grandparents, cousins, aunts and uncles are invited to the party. In small towns neighbors even come to congratulate the child. Everyone brings gifts for the guest of honor.This is how it was 60 years ago when my mother was a young girl in Germany, and these traditions are still observed today. It is a sweet celebration for everyone, especially for the children!21. What do Germany parents do on their children’s first day of school?A. They celebrate the day with their children.B. They send their children to school and then go to work.C. They hold a family party in their children’s school.D. They bring their children’s zuckertute to the school.22. What is a zuckertute?A. A family party.B. A bunch of flowers.C. A class picture.D. A package filled with gifts.23. What does the author think of the family party?A. The teachers should be invited to the party.B. The party is a surprise for everyone.C. It is a good memory for the children.D. It is out of date now.24. What does the underlined word “observed” in Paragraph 5 mean?A. watchedB. celebratedC. obeyedD. discussedBAshley Power’s mother bought a computer for her when she was eight. When she was thirteen, she was surfing the Internet regularly, but she couldn’t find anywhere for teenagers to meet and talk. And one day she thought, “If I had my own website, I’d make it a really interesting site for teenagers.”So, when Ashley was sixteen, she launched her own website, called GooseHead. She had no idea how big a success it would be, but three years later, the site was the most successful teen site in the USA! It was getting 100,000 hits every day, and Ashley had about 30 employees.After a few years, the website closed down. Then Ashley, who lives in Los Angeles, was asked to write a book called The GooseHead Guide to Life. The book is about how to design a website and start a business. It begins with a section called “All About Ashley,” where Ashley tells readers what it is like to be the boss of a company when you are only sixteen. “I was so happy. But it was crazy in a lot of ways. I got very stressed. I mean, I was only sixteen—I didn’t even have a car! If you were sixteen and you had your own company, you’d be stressed, too!”In an interview Ashley gave advice to teenagers who wanted to start their own business, “Ju st be strong and have your dreams and work hard at them. And don’t listen when hear ‘no’, because I heard ‘no’ a lot. Just keep going until you hear ‘yes’!”25. For what purpose did Ashley create GooseHead?A. She wanted to create an interesting site for teenagers.B. She wanted to surf the Internet regularly.C. She wanted to launch a company.D. She hoped to earn much money.26. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2?A. Ashley had no idea how to run a company.B. Ashley’s website was a big success.C. Why Ashley had so many employees.D. How Ashley designed her website.27. What can we know about Ashley?A. She closed down her website because she was tired.B. She doesn’t follow the advice of other people.C. She regretted having started her business.D. She is strong and always has her dream.CFor a lot of people, winning the lottery is the American dream. But for many lottery winners, the reality can turn out to be more like a nightmare. William Post won $16.2 million in the Pennsylvania lottery in 1988 but nowlives simply on his Social Security.“I wish it’d never happened. It was a total nightmare”, explains Post. Both friends and family went as far as going to court to try and get their hands on his money. His brother Jeffery was arrested and imprisoned in Florida for hiring a hit man to kill him, hoping to inherit a share of the winnings. And as if that wasn’t bad enough, his other siblings bothered him until he eventually agreed to invest in their businesses. These ventures brought no money back, and resulted in further tension on his relationship with his brothers and sisters.Post says after his win he went wild. He bought expensive cars and all sorts of electronic gadgetry. On bad advice, he also borrowed money in advance of actually receiving his lottery win. Within a year of winning his fortune, he was $1million in debt.Post even spent time in jail for firing a gun over the head of a bill collector. Post admitted he was both careless and foolish, and tried too hard to please his family. He eventually declared bankruptcy.Now he lives quietly on a $450 a month disability pension and food stamps. He spends much of his day watching classic movies on television. But Post isn’t complaining. He’s content. “I’ve got peace of mind and you never realize how valuable that is until you lose it,” he says. “Lotteries don’t mean anything to me.”28. Why was Post’s winning the lottery a nightmare ?A. His former girlfriend accused him for the money.B. His family got their hands on the money.C. His investment bought no money back.D. Winning the lottery ruined his life.29. Why was Post sent into prison?A. He got his money back by violence.B. He threatened a bill collector with a gun.C. He failed to pay off his debt on time.D. He tried to hurt his family members.30. We can infer from the last paragraph that _______.A. Post isn’t content with his present lifeB. Post’s nightmare has come to an endC. Post gets on well with his familyD. Post is addicted to watching movies31. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. Evil MoneyB. Money Means EverythingC. A Shameful FamilyD. Riches to RagsDAre you a messy eater, who always ends up with bits of food or stains splattered on their clothing? Then perhaps a new pocket washing machine - believed to be the world’s smallest - is the answer to your problems.The newly designed Coton handy washer, produced by Chinese electronics firm Haier, is the same-size as an electric shaver and can remove anything from dirt to those dreaded red wine stains,according to People’s Daily Online.It is powered by three AAA batteries and aims to prevent those frustratingly long waits in the dry cleaners by targeting troublesome stains such as coffee, grass or oil. The device, created by AQUA (a subsidiary of Haier Group in China), is already flying off the shelves in Japan where it costs 10,800 Yen or £60.The portable gadget - which weighs just 200g - uses a method called ‘squeeze washing’ which removes stains in 30 seconds. It works by first applying liquid detergent on a piece of kitchen paper, before washing over it with the nozzle of the Coton device. It then pumps a small amount of water over the stain at 700 beats a minute.Although this pocket-sized device is thought to be the smallest washing machine created, it is not the first invention aimed at cleaning clothes on the go. In 2013, Australian Ash Newland created the ‘Scrubba’, a small bag that can wash laundry in just five minutes.32. What is Coton handy washer?A. A small washing machine.B. A small bag that can wash laundry.C. A newly designed electric shaver.D. A messy eater.33. What makes Coton handy washer very special?A. It is small in size.B. It can clean clothes.C. It is expensive.D. It is powered by batteries.34. What is the main idea of Paragraph 4?A. How heavy the Coton handy washer is.B. Why people invent the Coton handy washer.C. How the Coton handy washer works.D. Where people use the Coton handy washer.35. What can we know about the Coton handy washer?A. It is invented in Japan.B. It works faster than the ‘Scrubba’.C. It is useful for messy eaters.D. It uses a lot of water.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。