Architecture Style
高一英语建筑术语单选题50题
高一英语建筑术语单选题50题1.The walls of this building are made of _____.A.steelsB.steelC.stonesD.stone答案：B。
本题考查建筑材料的名词用法。
steel 表示“钢”，是不可数名词，A 选项steels 错误；stone 表示“石头”，通常用作可数名词复数stones 或者不可数名词“stone”表示材料，但是题干中说的是墙的材料，应该用steel，因为钢是一种常用的建筑材料，而且是不可数名词。
2.This bridge is constructed with _____.A.concretesB.concreteC.woodsD.wood答案：B。
concrete 表示“混凝土”，是不可数名词，A 选项concretes 错误；wood 表示“木材”，通常用作不可数名词，但是表示“树林”时是可数名词，题干中说的是桥的建筑材料，应该用concrete，混凝土是建造桥梁常用的材料。
3.The roof of this house is covered with _____.A.tileB.tilesC.glassD.glasses答案：B。
tile 表示“瓦片”，是可数名词，A 选项tile 应该用复数形式；glass 表示“玻璃”，是不可数名词，题干中说的是屋顶覆盖的材料，通常是瓦片，所以用tiles。
4.This building has a foundation made of _____.A.bricksB.brickC.steelsD.steel答案：B。
brick 表示“砖”，是可数名词，但是在这里表示材料，用单数形式；steel 表示“钢”，通常不用来做建筑的基础材料，所以用brick。
5.The walls of this ancient building are made of _____.A.stonesB.stoneC.woodsD.wood答案：A。
中国六派建筑特点英语介绍
中国六派建筑特点英语介绍Chinese architectural styles can be broadly classified into six main categories, known as the Six Schools of Chinese Architecture. Each school has its unique characteristics and features.1. Ancient Architecture (古代建筑): This style focuses on harmony with nature and emphasizes a balanced layout. It often incorporates elements like courtyards, wooden structures, and grey-green glazed roof tiles.2. Buddhist Architecture (佛教建筑): Influenced by Buddhist philosophy, this style is characterized by grand and elaborate structures, with intricate carvings and sculptures of deities. It often features pagodas, temples, and monasteries.3. Imperial Chinese Architecture (宫殿式建筑): This style is closely associated with the imperial dynasties and emphasizes power and authority. It is known for its majestic palaces, sprawling gardens, and precise symmetry. The Forbidden City in Beijing is a prime example of this style.4. Ethnic Minority Architecture (少数民族建筑): China is home toa diverse range of ethnic groups, each with their own architectural traditions. Ethnic minority architecture often features vibrant colors, intricate patterns, and unique structural designs that reflect their cultural identities.5. Garden Architecture (园林建筑): Chinese gardens are famous for their meticulous design and poetic beauty. They are often builtaround natural landscapes, with carefully arranged pavilions, bridges, and water features. Suzhou and Hangzhou are well-known for their classical gardens.6. Modern Chinese Architecture (现代建筑): With the rapid urbanization and economic growth in China, modern architectural styles have emerged. These include contemporary high-rises, avant-garde designs, and innovative urban planning. Examples include the iconic Bird's Nest stadium in Beijing and Shanghai's futuristic skyline.In conclusion, the Six Schools of Chinese Architecture offer a fascinating variety of styles, each reflecting different cultural, religious, and historical influences. From ancient wooden structures to grand imperial palaces, Chinese architecture is a testament to the country's rich heritage and evolving identity.。
英文ppt课件 建筑
Scale
The relationship between the size of the architectural form and its context. Scale can create a sense of grandeur, intimacy, or monumentality.
Characteristics
Gothic architecture is known for its pointed arches, flying buttresses, and intricate detailing.
Importance
The Gothic style represented a significant departure from previous architectural styles and remains popular today.
04
Applications of Architecture
办公楼
办公楼是商业建筑的一种形式，通常用于企业或政府机构的办公场所，包括办公室、会议室、休息室等空间。
Examples
02
Buildings like the Parthenon in Greece and the United States Capitol Building in Washington, D.C., are prime examples of classic architecture.
Modern architecture is marked by simplicity, functionality, and the use of new materials like steel, concrete, and glass.
西方建筑风格 英文版
宋柳 李黎彬
Content
• • • • • Byzantine architecture Gothic architecture Ancient Roman architecture Romantic architecture Baroque architecture
Faç ade of the church Santa Susanna This new architecture focuses on color, light and shadow, sculpture, and strong baroque characteristics.
Italy, Sicily, Syracuse, cathedral Santa Maria delle Colonne
意大利西西里的锡拉丘兹主教座堂
布拉格圣Nicolas教堂，典型的波希 米亚巴洛克
The Wilanów palace in Warsaw, Poland.
• 巴洛克建筑的特征包括：
• 宽阔的、有时是圆形的中殿取代了狭长的中殿 • 戏剧性地使用光线，强烈的光影对比，明暗对照效果（如 威尔腾堡修道院教堂），或依靠窗户实现均匀照明（如温 加滕修道院教堂） • 大量使用装饰品（通常是镀金、石膏或粉饰灰泥、大理石 或人造大理石） • 巨大尺度的天花板壁画 • 外部立面的显着特点是通常有戏剧性的中央突出部分 • 内部通常只是绘画与雕塑的框架（特别是后期巴洛克） • 错视画法般的虚幻效果，绘画与建筑的混合 • 在巴伐利亚、捷克、波兰和乌克兰巴洛克，普遍存在梨状 穹顶 • 天主教国家的圣母柱和圣三柱，通常因黑死病结束时的感 恩而兴建
德国Trier(特里尔)的选帝侯宫
当代非线性建筑风格解析
2010年上海世界博览会，是展示当代建筑风格、时代风采的大舞台，向世人传达出诸多新动向。
在色彩绚丽多彩，形态千奇百怪的诸多风格中，由阿联酋(图1)、德国和西班牙等国家馆所呈现出的当代建筑新风格，既不同于古典建筑的数和谐风格，也有别于现代建筑直线网格式的线性风格，是一种非线性风格。
该风格表现出抽象、动感和不规则特点，具有强烈的视觉冲击效果。
那么，当代非线性建筑风格是如何形成，又蕴含着怎样的美学特质？1 建筑时代风格演变的历史经验追溯建筑风格演变的历史，时代的建筑风格与时代的科学哲学有着深刻的渊源。
例如，古希腊建筑风格所体现的比例和谐美，与古希腊时期的毕达哥拉斯学派的数和谐宇宙观相吻合。
毕达哥拉斯（Pythagoras, 572 BC-497 BC）学派宇宙观，奠定了古希腊时代建筑美学的基石。
其中，黄金分割率因体现数和谐宇宙观，而备受该学派的推崇。
作为古希腊建筑的最高成就，帕提农神庙(图2)从整体到局部的尺度，均符合黄金分割率。
其形态亦庄亦雅，透出高度的和谐美，是一个以数和谐秩序为灵魂的建筑典范，也是毕达哥拉斯宇宙观的完美体现。
再如，文艺复兴时期建筑风格，讲求视觉透视效果的精宜得体，这恰与当时的透视学、结构学等科学的出现相对应。
阿尔伯蒂（L.B. Leon Battista Alberti，1404-1472）发表论文，首次提出了透视学的关键——视线灭点。
透视学由此成为建筑师创造复杂而精宜建筑的利器。
达•芬奇（Leonardo da Vince， 1452-1519 ）倡导理性地探索工程力学。
建筑结构设计向更加理性的方向发展，逐步摆脱工匠式经验的束缚。
伯鲁乃列斯基(Fillipo Brunelleschi，1379-1446) 精通当时的最新科学：透视学、结构学、数学乃至机械学等。
借助于所掌握的科学成果，他设计的佛罗伦萨主教堂穹顶(图3)，在视觉艺术、 结构技术和工程建设等方面，超越以往的同类作品，堪称时代开篇之作。
系统架构师考试英文单词
重点词汇specifically. 具体地nonfunctional requirements. 非功能需求client-server architecture. 客户端-服务器架构operational requirements. 操作需求performance requirements. 性能需求security requirements. 安全需求specify. 指定specification. 规范specific. 特定的architecture design. 架构设计data storage. 数据存储data access logic. 数据访问逻辑application logic. 应用逻辑clients,servers,and network. 客户机、服务器和网络allocate. 分配Information extraction. 信息提取elements and relations. 元素和关系view fusion. 视图融合visualization and interaction. 可视化与交互pattern definition and recognition. 模式定义与识别interpretive, interactive, and iterative process. 解释性的、动态的、迭代的的过程involve. 涉及、包括artifact. 构件convert. 转换reconcile. 协调、理顺augment. 加强functionality. 功能(计算机或电子系统的) software architecture. 软件架构module structures. 模块结构component-and-connector structures. 组件-连接器结构Allocation structures. 配置结构logical DFDs and ERD. 逻辑数据流图和实体联系图the feasibility of techniques. 技术可行性network architecture DFD. 网络架构数据流图Data partitioning and replication. 数据分配和复制storing specific tables on different servers. 在不同服务器上存储特定表application architecture. 应用架构detailed design. 详细设计general design. 概要设计feasibility of techniques. 技术可行性data stores. 数据存储RDBMS. 关系数据库管理系统，Relational Database Management Systemapplication architecture. 应用架构database design specifications. 数据库设计规范internal control. 内部控制computer programmer. 计算机程序员reevaluate project feasibility. 重新评估项目可行性Information system. 信息系统requirements analysis. 需求分析systems development methodology. 系统开发方法project feasibility. 项目可行性specify. 指定、确定specification. 规格involve. 涉及、包括Architectural pattern. 架构模式model. 模型business architecture. 业务架构application architecture. 应用架构reference architecture. 参考架构software architecture. 软件架构Pipes and Filters. 管道与过滤器Model-View-Controller. MVC框架，模型(model)－视图(view)－控制器(controller) Reflection. 反射机制involve. 涉及、包括interaction. 交互pattern. 模式.component. 构件.constraint. 约束.semantic model. 语义模型.pope-and-filter. 管道-过滤器架构. architectural style. 架构风格specifically. 具体地.specify. 指定、确定.。
建筑风格【英文】
Styles of ArchitectureStep 1 of 3: Become familiar with 15 different styles of architecture.Instructions: on your own, research 15 of the 36 different styles of architecture listed below. Insert a picture and write a very short description of the style inyour own words. Add the site you used to find this information. Here is anexample of the layout you will use.Note: save your work often and create a table with the following features inWORD. This will help organize your work.Style Picture Description Gothic Architecture - Found in Europe- mid 12th century to the 16thcentury,- Recognized by cave likespaces with the walls brokenup by overlaid bars or ribs.-Pointed arches-Stained-glass windows Source: /EBchecked/topic/239678/Gothic-architectureStyles of ArchitectureGothic Architecture Tudor ArchitectureModern Architecture Mediterranean ArchitecturePost Modern Architecture Chicago SchoolClassical Architecture Japanese ArchitectureAncient Greek Architecture Expressionist ArchitectureAncient Roman Architecture Islamic ArchitectureBauhaus Architecture Florida ModernEgyptian Architecture Modern Chinese ArchitectureGoogie Architecture Futurist ArchitectureBlobitecture Prairie ArchitectureGreen Architecture Art Deco ArchitectureUnderground Architecture Korean ArchitectureTreehouse Architecture Art Nouveau ArchitectureAmerican Craftsman Rococo ArchitectureGeorgian Architecture Spanish ColonialElizabethan Architecture BuddhistDutch Colonial Architecture Malaysian ArchitectureModern Expressionist Danish FunctionalismStep 2 of 3: PowerPoint PresentationChoose 1 style of Architecture to focus on. Prepare a PowerPoint presentation on the architectural style you have chosen. We will be viewing the presentations in class. Your presentation should include:• A description or definition of the architectural style•Characteristics of this type of architecture•Examples of the style of architecture (at least 10) with explanations. USE PICTURES•The time and place where it began to be used•Did this style of architecture meet human requirements when it was created?What were those requirements or needs?•Did the environment have an effect on the design? Explain why or why not.•The reasons why it grew as a style of building•What has become of the style now (if that applies)•Do you like this style of architecture? Explain why or why not, give examples•What could be changed to make this style of architecture better in today’s world? Hints to making a good PowerPoint Presentation:•Include lots of visuals and minimal text!•Remember to put it in your own words.•Use point form•K eep in mind that if you don’t understand what you are writing your classmates won’t either.•Please use the correct slide format: i.e. do not choose a text template to paste a picture.Step 3 of 3: Perspective drawingCreate a 2 or 3 point perspective drawing of one of the buildings that represents your style of architecture. Complete this drawing on an 8x11 piece of whitepaper. This can be used in your portfolio at the end of the course. The drawingshould represent the major elements of architecture you researched. Have thisready to pass in when you present.。
SA_2015_05(Styles-3)
Knowledge Sources
Objective:
contribute knowledge that leads to solution（提供解决问题的 知识） procedures, sets of rules, logic assertions（过程、规则、逻辑 断言） modify only the blackboard (or control data -- magic)（只修 改黑板） know when it’s possible to help（知道何时能发挥作用） loosely-coupled subtasks, or areas of specialization（低耦合的 子任务，或者有特别的能力）
根据所使用的控制策略不同，数据共享体系结构可以分为 两种类型：
一种是传统的数据库，另一种是黑板。
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Xidian University, Xi’an, China © 2015
Repository Architecture
3
Xidian University, Xi’an, China © 2015
决问题）
various domain expertise required to solve the problem（需要
多个领域的专门知识协作解决）
uncertainty
error and variability in data and solution（数据和解决方法可能
错误或变化）
moderate to low “signal-to-noise-ratio” in data（数据中信噪比
Xidian University, Xi’an, China © 2015
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佛 罗 伦 萨 大 教 堂
Modern architecture style
Emphasis on functional modern architecture and rational, emphasizing the rational style created by rejecting the tradition of international, national, regional and personality to form a size-fitsbuilding style.
（古代罗马建筑承载了 古希腊文明中的建筑风 格，同时又是古希腊建 筑的 一种发展。罗马建 筑与雕塑艺术大相径庭， 以建筑的对称、宏伟而文明世界）
European medieval architecture
Romanesque church looks like a feudal
lord's castle, the cross plane, the short horizontal, vertical length, the intersection near the eastern end. This is called a Latin cross to a symbol of the cross of Christ crucified, but also to enhance the significance of religion (罗马式教堂外形像封建领主的城堡，为十字形 平面，横向短，竖向长，交点靠近东端。这叫做 拉丁十字架，以象征耶稣钉死的十字架，更加强 了宗教的意义）
二 . Column of the style. There are four style: 1. Doric column, 2. Ionic column, 3. Corinthian column. (柱式的式样。共有四种柱式：1. 多立克柱式，2. 爱奥尼克柱式，3. 科林斯式柱式)
帕特农神庙
( 现代建筑强调功能性和理性，强调的 理性所造成的国际式风格排斥传 统、民 族性、地域性和个性，形成了千篇一律 的建筑样式。
Post-modern style
The post-modern architecture is the building after the general term for all schools, raised U.S. architecter Stern: Postmodern architecture has three characteristics: use of decoration; a symbolic or metaphorical; integration with the existing environment.
(后现代建筑是指现代以后的各流派的建筑总称，美国建筑师斯特恩 提出：后现代 主义建筑有三个特征：采用装饰；具有象征性或隐喻性； 与现有环境融合。
圣索菲亚大教堂
Renaissance style
The most obvious features of Renaissance architecture is discarded the medieval Gothic style, and in the religious and secular buildings of ancient Greece to re-use of the composition elements of Roman column. Even the architectural style of the various regions fused together with the classical column. （文艺复兴建筑最明显的特 征是扬弃了中世纪时期的哥 特式建筑风格，而在 宗教和 世俗建筑上重新采用古希腊 罗马时期的柱式构图要素。 甚至将各个 地区的建筑风格 同古典柱式融合一起。
First, size and height to create a new record, followed by the body very strong upward momentum, Brisk vertical line over the body. ( 首先在尺度和高度上创造了新纪录，其次是形 体向上的动势十分强烈，轻灵的垂直线遍布全身)
Renaissance style(AD1420-AD1550)文艺复ure style（现代建筑风格）
Post-modern style(后现代建筑风格）
Ancient Greece architecture
一. Central is a living room, hall, surrounded by columns, can be collectively referred to as Central pillar construction. （中央是厅堂，大殿，周围是柱子， 可统称为环柱式建筑）
Architecture Style
Classical style(古典主义风格）
Ancient Greece architecture (BC800-AD300)古希腊建筑风格 Roman architecture(BC300-AD365)古罗马建筑风格 European medieval architecture(AD400-AD1400)欧洲中世纪建筑风格
雅典娜胜利神庙
宙斯神庙
三. Greek architecture and Greek sculpture is tightly bound together. （希腊的建筑与希腊雕刻是紧紧结合在一起的。）
Roman architecture
Ancient Roman architecture bearing the ancient Greek civilization ’ s architectural style, is also a development of ancient Greek architecture. Roman architecture and sculpture very different to the symmetrical construction, the grand and the civilized world.