工程材料常用词汇表(中英文)知识讲解
常用材料中英文对照
Steam trace: 加热蒸汽管道Cutting:切割socket weld 承插焊接fillet weld 角焊 , 填角焊branch connection分支接续fabrication tolerance.制造容差local heat treatment局部热办理threaded pipe 螺纹管seal welding.密封焊接flange joint凸缘接头undercut底切feeder馈电线conduit outlet电线引出口seal fitting密封接头,密封配件Screw thread lubricant螺纹润滑剂Seal:绝缘层weld reinforcement焊缝补强lock washer锁紧[止动,防松]垫圈electrical panel. 配电板 , 配电盘nipple螺纹接头zinc plated.镀锌的ring joint环接,围缘接合bolt螺栓control:控制器National Electrical Code全国电气规程master schedule主要图表,综合图表,设计任务书,主要作业表torque wrench转矩扳手job site施工现场flange connection.凸缘联接Hard hat ：安全帽Goggles ：护目镜stockpile储存packing list装箱单crate:柳条箱purchased material list原资料进货单back-feed反应wire coil线盘，线卷，NPT thread.美国标准锥管螺纹cable gland电缆衬垫terminal block 线弧 ,接头排接线盒,接线板,线夹power drill机械钻connector.接线器insulated sleeve绝缘套管wire connector接线器wire terminal电线接头control wiring控制线路motor lead 电动机引出线power wiring电力布线tender document ．供给证件orifice plate.挡板nut螺母flange gasket法兰垫片dimensional inspection尺寸查验burn through烧蚀piping system. 管道系统reinforcement of weld 增强焊缝fabrication.制造dye penetrant examination染料浸透试验法magnetic particle examination磁粉查验girth weld 环形焊缝cement lined piping水泥衬里weld joint焊缝,焊接接头spool drawing管路图,管路详图spot test抽查,就地测试butt weld对接焊缝Random Radiography随机射线照相检查radiographic examination射线照相检查assembly. 装置erection架设examination试验cable tray.电缆盘rigid steel conduit钢制电线管power control功率控制arc welding电弧焊control cable 控制电缆操控索normal bend法向[法线]弯管cable glands:电缆衬垫exfoliation剥落power receptacle电力插座grounding conductor接地导体lighting fixture照明器械junction box分线箱race way电缆管道terminal box 接线盒distribution board 配电盘 ,配电屏receptacle插座tumble switch.翻转开关,拨动式开关cathodic protection system阴极保护系统Circuit breaker断路开关amplifier panel放大器盘control console控制台electrical material电气资料convenience receptacle.电源插座cable gland 电缆衬垫TIG：Tungsten-arc Inert-Gaswelding 钨极电弧惰性气体保护焊filler rod 焊条tensile strength 抗张强度shield gas 保护气体shield jig 保护夹具high frequency generator.高频发电机welding rod焊条filler metal焊料,焊丝shop fabrication车间制造field installation现场安装welding bead焊道both sides welding.双面焊接residual stress剩余应力electrode电焊条condensation冷凝longitudinal.纵向的horizontal line水平线circumferential joint周圈接缝nondestructive examination.非损坏性查验, qualification:合格性construction work 施工工程welded joint焊接缝焊接节点gas cutting.气割arc cutting电弧切割grind off磨掉metallic luster金属光彩Screwed Piping Joints螺丝状的管接头gouging. 刨削槽Bending:挠曲witness test订货人在场的试验Welding:焊接Threading:车缧纹Leveling ：校平color identification彩色辨别Alignment ：瞄准 , 定位调整check against检查,查对Fixing ：固定Console ：控制台cubicle 室 , 箱audit审计material certificate.资料合格证vertical panel 竖直面板power distribution panel配电盘gauge board 仪表板beveling磨斜棱 , 磨斜边local panel现场配电盘grouting灌浆fabrication加工,制造instrument rack计测器支架tank gauge液面计flushing冲刷，填缝analyzer剖析器piping管道敷设tubing敷设管道cable fitting电缆配件elbow. 弯管接头main pipe主管道bend. 弯管弯头solvent溶剂postweld heat treatment焊后热办理jig.夹具arc gouging电弧刨削chipping修琢machining机械加工bridges.管式桥clamp. 夹钳tack welding点焊butt welding对接焊grinder.磨床commencement.开始gusset plate角撑板,加固板process pipe工艺管道land纹间表面tee 三通管丁字钢T 形梁opening张口reinforcing pad. 补强垫 , 增强衬板flux焊剂wet developer湿显像剂blowhole气泡,气孔inclusion杂质imperfection缺点limitation限度valve阀, 闸门structural attachment构造附件tapered allowance削尖余量tack welding平头焊接sputter喷溅scale废料lateral translation侧向平移weld joint焊缝,焊接接头plug. 塞fusion熔融base material基底资料lead foil铅箔intensifying screen增光屏,光增强屏pressure test.压力试验film density.电影密度line number 行数leak test漏泄试验plate thickness筛板厚度restoration维修field fabricated工地制造的,现场装置的junction box. 接线盒flow sheet流程图vent 放气孔 ,通风孔drain排水管instrument air 仪表气源blind挡板pipe arrangement管配置civil engineer.土木匠程师bus duct母线槽substation分站flow instrument流量计power distribution panel 配电盘level instrument 位面计 , 水平仪pressure instrument 压力仪表 / 压力计level switch ( 信号 ) 电平开关 ,gage glass液位玻璃管pilot tube 指示灯line check小检修recalibration.复校 , 从头校准blinding plate盲板expansion joint伸缩接头hydrostatic pressure test静水压试验pneumatic pressure气压scaffolding脚手架check valve 止回阀liquid penetrant examination液体浸透探伤test pump试验泵witnessed inspections现场检测hanger 吊架control valve 控制阀 ,fabrication drawing制造图纸,制作图schedule number 表示管壁厚度系列的号码hydrostatic test. 流体静力学试验, 水压试验design pressure设计压力disposition notice处分通知书pipe stanchion管支柱bellow type涟漪管式expansion joint伸缩接头vibration stopper ：减震器subcontractor转包商WPS Works Process Specification典型工艺规程piping.管道系统flange.凸缘sleeve套筒ferritic. 铁素体的identification mark辨别标记stencil. 模绘片版 , 镂花模板stamping. 冲压silicone paint硅树脂油漆weld bead焊缝automatic temperature recorder温度自动记录器penetrameter透度计film viewer底片察看用光源civil works 土建工程，建筑工程lump sum price混淆价钱, 统包价钱scrap material废料caulking metal 填隙合金 [ 金属 ]( 资料 ) application drawing 操作图 ,应用图cable routing电缆路由选择channel bases 水渠基底vertical panel 竖直面板local panel现场配电盘power distribution panel配电盘gauge board 样板 ,模板规准尺anchor bolt锚定螺栓expansion bolt伸缩栓,扩开螺栓field instrument.携带式仪表instrument rack计测器支架,计测器框架tank gauge油箱液位计guide wire尺度[定距]索,准绳name plate名牌,商标lead pipe 铅管take-off valve 输出阀sub-header分联箱air header集气管pneumatic signal气动信号steam trace 加热蒸汽管道electric heat tracing. 电陪伴加热cable trunk 电缆管道stop end 封端fire barriers 防火间隔bonding wire 接合线 , 焊线conduit box [ 电 ] 导管分线匣rigid conduits 刚性导管flexible conduit软管conduit entry导管引入装置road crossing duct bank 平交道口管道组Capping ends 顶盖尾端cable armor 电缆铠装Cable sheath 电缆包皮层sealing compound 电缆膏coaxial cable 同轴电缆loop test环路测试sequence test.联锁次序试验lintel beam水平横楣梁flash plate闪熔镀层anchor bolt地脚螺栓expansion bolt伸缩栓,扩开螺栓shim plate垫板push button station按钮式控制站logic diagram 逻辑图calculation sheet 计算书flow instrument流量计level instrument位面计,水平仪layout drawing部署图tie band 捆扎用带材Heating boxes 加热室cutting opening 切孔control valve actuator阀控传动机构air set 空气中凝结 ,常温自硬自然硬化solenoid valve.螺线管阀,电磁阀calorimeter热量计odometer 历程标tachometer转速计chronometer精细计时表Angle Stop valves角式截止阀Angle Throttle Valves角式节流阀Angle Type Globe Valves门角式截止阀Ash valves排灰阀Aspirating valves吸（抽）气阀Auxiliary valves协助（副）阀Balance valves均衡阀Bellows valves涟漪管阀Blowdown valves泄料（放空，排污）阀Brake valves制动阀Butterfly Type Non-slam Check蝶式缓冲止回阀Butterfly Valves with Gear Actuator蜗轮传动蝶阀Buttwelding valves对焊连结阀Clamp valves对夹式阀门Cock二通Combination valves组合阀CQ Thread Ball Valves CQ螺纹球阀Culvert valves地下管道阀Deceleration valves减速阀Diaphragm Valves隔阂阀Decompression valves泄压阀Double Disc Flat Gate Valves 双闸板平板闸阀Double Disk Parallel Gate Valves 明杆平行式双闸板闸板Double Opening Exhaust Valves 双口排气球Drainage valves 排水阀Electric Actuated Stop Valves 电动截止阀Electric Actuated Wedge Gate Valves 电动楔式闸阀Electric Double Disk Parallel Gate Valves 电动平行式双闸板闸板Emergeny Cut-off Valves 紧迫迫断阀Exhaust valves排气阀Free Float Type Steam Trap浮球式疏水阀Flange Ball Valves法兰球阀Flange Gate Valves法兰闸阀Flange Globe Valves法兰截止阀Gauge Valves仪表阀Hand-operated valves手动阀Hard Seal Butterfly Valves金属密封碟阀High Temperature Pressure Power Station Gate Valves高温高压电站闸阀High Temperature Pressure Power Station Globe Valves高温高压电站截止阀Hydraulic relay valves液压继动阀Lift Check Valves起落式止回阀Lift Check Valves起落式止回阀Limit valves限位阀Lining Ball Valves衬里球阀Lining Butterfly Valves衬里碟阀Lining Check Valves衬里止回阀Lining Cock衬里二通Lining Globe Valves衬里截止阀Lining T-Cock Valves衬里三通旋塞阀Liquid Indicator液位计LPG Pipe Fitting液化气管件Magnetic Co-operate Globe Valves 磁耦合截止阀Magnetism Forle Pumps磁力泵Manual Oil Pumps Valves手摇油泵(阀)Meter Needle Type Globe Valves仪表针形截止阀Oblique Stop Valves直流式截止阀Parallel Slide Valves浆液阀Pintle valve针形阀Piping Centrifugal Pumps管道离心泵Plunger valves柱塞阀Pressure valve压力（増压）阀Piping Pumps管道泵Piping Safety Valves管道安全阀Plunger Globe Valves柱塞截止阀Quick Draining Valves迅速排污阀Restrictor Valves过流阀(或节流阀)Safety Valves安全阀Screw Pumps螺杆泵Scum Gate Valves排渣闸阀Solenoid valves电磁阀Single Disc Flat Gate Valves单闸板平板闸阀Single Opening Exhaust Valves单口排气球Slurry Pumps泥浆泵Stop Valves截止阀Strainer过滤器Submerged Motor Pumps潜水电泵(排污泵)Swing Check Valves旋启式止回阀Swing Check Valves旋启式止回阀Tank Lorry Ball Valves槽车球阀T-Cock三通Thin Gate Valves薄型闸阀Throttle Valves节流阀Tiny Drag Slow Shut Check Valves微阻缓闭止回阀Triple(tee)valves三通阀Two-way valves二通阀Under Water Pumps液下泵Vacuum Pumps水力发射器(真空泵)Vertical Lift Check Valves立式止回阀Wafer Check Valves对夹式止回阀Wafer plate valves对夹蝶板阀Wafer Type Butterfly Valves with Rubber Itning对夹式衬胶蝶阀Waste Valves排污箱(阀)Water Seal Gate Valves水封闸阀Wedge Gate Valves楔式闸阀Y Type and Cylinder Filters Y 型筒型过滤器Ball球、球芯Ball seat密封圈Blowdown Sealing Face启、阀件密封面Body阀体Bonnet阀盖Disc阀瓣Mut螺母Screw螺栓Sealing密封件Spring弹簧Stem阀杆Stem Mut阀杆螺母Stem seal填料Wedge Disc闸板Applicable temperature合用温度Butt Clamp对夹Chemical analysis 化学成份Connecting format连结形式Double disc双闸板Flexible disc弹性闸板Flange 法兰Hoop 卡箍Inside thread 内螺纹Jacket 夹套Mains 电源Material chemical analysis and mechanical capacity资料化学成份和机械性能materials 资料Materials for main parts主要部件资料Mechanical capacity机械性能Max. Discharging Capacity最大排水量Max. Operating Temperature最高工作温度Max. Allowable Temperature最高同意温度Max. Allowable Pressure最高同意压力Model 型号Name of parts 部件名称nitrogen (N)氮Nominal bore公称通径Nominal Pressure 公称压力Nozzle 排气口Outside thread 外螺纹Oxidant 氧化性介质Parallel 平行Piping 管路Piston 活塞Reductant 复原性介质Rising stem 明杆Seal 阀座，密封面Seat testing pressure 压力气密封试验压力Socket 卡套Specifications性能规范Single disc 单闸板Solid 刚性Strengh testing pressure 强度试验压力Steam , condensate 蒸汽 ,凝结水Stroke 冲程，行程Water,oil,steam 水,温度 ,气Wedge 楔式Welding焊接Buna-N rubber 丁晴橡胶Casting aluminium brass 铸铝黄铜Casting aluminium bronze 铸铝青铜Ceramic metal 陶瓷金属Chromel alloy 镍铬合金CHR rubber氯晴橡胶Chrominm-molybdenum-vanadium steel铬钼钒钢Chromium stainless steel铬不锈钢Chromium-molybdenum steel铬钼钢Corrugation pad波形垫Cuprum alloy铜合金Ductile Cast iron球墨铸铁Expanded graphite柔性石墨Fine Steel Casting iron优良碳素钢Fluorous rubber氟橡胶Gray Cast iron 灰铸铁Hayne’s alloy 钴铬钨合金High tem perature steel 高温钢Monel蒙乃尔合金Low temperature steel低温钢Nylon尼龙塑料Polytetrafluoroethylene(PTEF)聚四氟乙烯Polythene聚乙烯Pure aluminium纯铝Pure cupper纯铜Rubber graphite board 橡胶石墨板Spring steel 弹簧钢Stainless acid-resisting steel不锈耐酸钢Stainless and Graphite 不锈钢 / 石墨Stainless steel 不锈钢Steel Casting iron碳素钢铸件Shell Test Pressure壳体试验压力Service Fluid工作介质。
工程材料常用词汇表(中英文)
工程材料常用词汇表A奥氏体 austenite奥氏体本质晶粒度 austenite inhorent grain size奥氏体化 austenitization, austenitii zingB白口铸铁 white cast iron白铜 white brass, copper-nickel alloy板条马氏体 lath martensite棒材 bar包晶反应 peritectic reaction薄板 thin sheet薄膜技术 thin film technique贝氏体 bainite本质晶粒度 inherent grain size比强度 strength-to-weight ratic变质处理 inoculation, modification变质剂 modifying agent,modificator表面处理 surface treatment表面粗糙度 surface roughness表面淬火 surface quenching表面腐蚀 surface corrosion表面硬化 surface hardening玻璃 glass玻璃态 vitreous state, glass state玻璃钢 glass fiber reinforced plastics玻璃纤维 glass fiber不可热处理的 non-heat-treatable不锈钢 stainless steel布氏硬度 Brinell hardnessC材料强度 strength ofmaterial残余奥氏体residual austenite残余变形 residual deformation残余应力 residual stress层状珠光体 lamellar pearlite超导金属 superconducting metal成核 nucleate, nucleation成形forming, shaping成长 growth, growing磁材料magnetic materials冲击韧性 impact toughness纯铁 pure iron粗晶粒 coarse grain脆性 brittleness脆性断裂 brittle fracture淬火 quenching, quench淬透性 hardenability淬硬性 hardenabilityD带材 baud, strip单晶 single crystal, unit crystal单体 monomer, element氮化层 nitration case氮化物 nitride刀具 cutting tool导磁性 magnetic conductivity导电性 electric conductivity导热性 heat conductivity, thermal conductivity导体 conductor等离子堆焊 plasma surfacing等离子弧喷涂 plasma spraying等离子增强化学气相沉积 Plasma chemical vapour deposition (PCVD) 等温转变曲线 isothermal transformation curve低合金钢 low alloy steel低碳钢 low carbon steel低碳马氏体 low carbon?martensite低温回火low tempering点阵常数grating constant, lattice constant电镀electroplating, galvanize电弧喷涂 electric arc spraying电子显微镜 electron microscope定向结晶directional solidification S端淬试验end quenching test断口分析 fracture analysis断裂强度 breaking strength, fracture strength 断裂韧性 fracture toughness断面收缩率 contraction of cross sectional area, 锻造 forge, forging, smithing多晶体 polycrystalE二次硬化secondaryhardening二元合金 binary alloy, two-component alloyF防锈的rust-proot, rust resistant非金属non-metal, nonmetal非晶态amorphous stats分子键 molecular bond分子结构molecular structure分子量molecular weight酚醛树脂bakelite, phenolic resin粉末治金 powder metallurgy粉末复合材料 particulate composite腐蚀corrosion, corrode, etch, etching腐蚀剂corrodent, corrosive, etchant复合材料 composite materialG感应淬火 inductionquenching刚度 rigidity, stiffness钢 steel钢板steel plate钢棒 steel bar钢锭 steel ingot钢管steel tube, steel pipe钢丝 steel wire钢球 steel ball杠杆定理 lever rule, lever principle高分子聚合物 high polymer, superpolymer高合金钢 high alloy steel高锰钢 high manganess steel高频淬火 high frequency quenching高速钢 high speed steel ,quick-cutting steel高碳钢 high-carbon steel高碳马氏体 high carbon martensite高弹态 elastomer高温回火high tempering各向同性 isotropy各向异性 anisotropy, anisotropism工程材料 engineering material工具钢 tool steel工业纯铁 industrial pure iron工艺 technology共价键covalent bond共晶体 eutectic共晶反应 eutectic reaction共析体 eutectoid共析钢eatectoid steel功能材料 functional materials固溶处理 solid solution treatment固溶强化 solution strengthening固溶体 solid solution固相 solid phase光亮热处理 bright heat treatment滚珠轴承钢ball bearing steel过饱和固溶体 supersaturated solid solution 过共晶合金 hypereutectic alloy过共析钢 hypereutectoid steel过冷over-cooling, supercooling过冷奥氏体 supercooled austenite过冷度 degree of supercooling过热 overheat, superheatH焊接 welding, weld航空材料 aerial material合成纤维 synthetic fiber合金钢 alloy steel合金化alloying合金结构钢 structural alloy steel黑色金属 ferrous metal红硬性 red hardness滑移 slip, glide滑移方向 glide direction, slip direction滑移面glide plane, slip plane滑移系 slip system化合物 compound化学气相沉积 chemical vapour eposition (CVD)化学热处理 chemical heat treatmentJ基体 matrix机械混合物 mechanical mixture机械性能 mechanical property激光热处理 heat treatment with a laser beam激光 laser激光熔凝 laser melting and consolidation激光表面硬化 surface hardening by laser beam加工硬化 work hardening加热 heating胶粘剂 adhesive结构材料 structural material结晶 crystallize, crystallization结晶度 crystallinity金属材料 metal material金属化合物 metallic compound金属键 metallic bond金属组织 metal structure金属结构 metallic framework金属塑料复合材料 plastimets金属塑性加工 metal plastic?working金属陶瓷 metal ceramic金相显微镜 metallographic microscope, metalloscope 金相照片 metallograph晶胞cell晶格crystal lattice晶格常数 lattice constant晶格空位 lattice vacancy晶粒 crystal grain晶粒度 grain size晶粒细化 grain refining晶体结构 crystal structure聚四氟乙烯 polytetrafluoroethy lene (PTFE)聚合度 degree of polymerization聚合反应 polymerization绝热材料 heat-insulating material绝缘材料 insulating materialK抗拉强度tensile strength抗压强度 compression strength颗粒复合材料 particle composite扩散 diffusion, diffuseL老化 aging莱氏体 ledeburite冷变形 cold deformation冷加工 cold work, cold working冷却 cool, cooling冷作硬化 cold hardening离子 ion粒状珠光体 granular pearlite连续转变曲线continuous cooling transformation(CCT) curve 孪晶 twin crystal孪生 twinning, twin螺旋位错 helical dislocation洛氏硬度 Rockwell hardnessM马氏体 martensite (M)密排六方晶格 close-packed xagonal lattice (C.P.H.)面心立方晶格 face-centred cubic lattice (F.C.C.)摩擦 friction磨损 wear, abrade, abrasion模具钢 die steelMf 点 martensite finishing pointMs点 martensite starting pointN纳米材料 nanostructuredmaterials耐磨钢 wear-resisting steel耐磨性 wearability, wear resistance耐热钢 heat resistant steel , high temperature steel内耗 internal friction内应力 internal stress尼龙 nylon粘弹性 viscoelasticity凝固 solidify, solidification扭转强度 torsional strength扭转疲劳强度 torsional fatigue strengthP泡沫塑料 foamplastics, expanded plastics配位数 coordination number喷丸硬化 shot-peening疲劳强度 fatigue strength疲劳寿命 fatigue life片状马氏体 lamellar martensite, plate type martensite普通碳钢 ordinary steel, plain carbon steelQ气体渗碳 gas carburizing切变 shear切削 cut, cutting切应力 shearing stress球化退火 spheroidizing annealing球墨铸铁 nodular graphite cast iron, spheroidal graphitecast iron 球状珠光体 globular pearlite屈服强度 yielding strength, yield strength屈强比 yielding-to-tensile ratio屈氏体 troolstite (T)去应力退火 relief annealingR热处理 heat treatment热加工 hot work, hot working热喷涂 thermal spraying热固性 thermosetting热塑性 hot plasticity热硬性 thermohardening柔顺性 flexibility人工时效 artificial ageing刃具 cutting tool刃型位错 edge dislacation, blade dislocation韧性 toughness溶质 solute溶剂 solvent蠕变 creep蠕墨铸铁 quasiflake graphite cast iron软氮化 soft nitridingS扫描电镜 scanning electronmicroscope (SEM)上贝氏体 upper bainite渗氮 nitriding渗硫 sulfurizing渗碳 carburizing, carburization渗碳体 cementite (Cm)失效 failure石墨 graphite (G)时间-温度转变曲线 time temperaturetransformation (TTT) curve 时效硬化 age-hardening实际晶粒度 actual grain size使用寿命 service life使用性能 usability树枝状晶 dendrite树脂 resin双金属 bimetal, duplex metal水淬 water quenching, water hardening, water quench松弛 relax , relaxation塑料 plastics塑性 plasticity, ductility塑性变形 plastic deformation索氏体 sorbite (S)T弹簧钢 spring steel弹性 elasticity, spring弹性变形 elastic deformation弹性极限 elastic limit弹性模量 elastic modulus碳素钢 carbon steel碳含量 carbon content碳化物 carbide碳素工具钢 carbon tool steel陶瓷 ceramic陶瓷材料 ceramic material体心立方晶格 body-centered cubic lattice (B.C. C.) 体型聚合物 three-dimensional polymer调质处理 quenching and tempering调质钢 quenched and tempered steel铁碳平衡图 iron-carbon equilibrium diagram透明(结晶)陶瓷 crystalline ceramics同素异构转变 allotropic transformation涂层 coat, coating退火 anneal, annealing托氏体 troostite (T)W弯曲 bend, bending完全退火 full annealing微观组织 microstructure维氏硬度 Vickers hardness未经变质处理的 uninoculated温度 temperature无定形的 amorphous物理气相沉积 physical vapour deposition (PVD)X下贝氏体 lower bainite线型聚合物 linear polymer纤维 fibre, fiber纤维增强复合材料 filament reinforced composite显微照片 metallograph,microphotograph, micrograph 显微组织 microscopic structure, microstructure橡胶 rubber相 phase相变 phase transition相图 phase diagram消除应力退火 stress relief annealing形状记忆合金 Shape memory alloys形变 deformation性能 performance, propertyX射线结构分析 X-ray structural analysisY压力加工 press work亚共晶铸铁 hypoeutectic cast iron亚共析钢 hypoeutectoid steel氧化物陶瓷 oxide ceramics延伸率 elongation percentage盐溶淬火 salt both quenching液相 liquid phase应变 strain应力 stress应力场强度因子 stress intensity factror 应力松弛 relaxation of stress硬质合金 carbide alloy, hard alloy油淬 oil quenching, oil hardening有机玻璃 methyl-methacrylate, plexiglass 有色金属 nonferrous metal匀晶 uniform grain孕育处理 inoculation, modificationZ再结晶退火 recrystallization annealing载荷 load增强塑料 reinforced plastics针状马氏体 acicular martensite正火 normalize, normalization致密度 tightness支化型聚合物 branched polymer智能材料 intelligent materials中合金钢 medium alloy steel轴承钢 bearing steel轴承合金 bearing alloy珠光体 pearlite (P)柱状晶体 columnar crystal铸造 cast , foundry自然时效 natural ageing自由能 free energy组元 component, constituent组织 structureα钛合金αtitanium alloy— END —。
土木工程材料英语词汇汇总
AAbram's rule阿勃拉姆规则Abrasion磨耗Accelerated strength testing快速强度试验Acid resistance耐酸性Adiabatic temperature rise绝热升温Admixture外加剂Aggregate集料（混凝土）Air entrainment引气（加气）Autoclave高压釜Accelerated curing快速养护Absorbed water吸附水Added water附加水Aggregate bulk density集料松散容重Auti-corrosion Admixture防锈剂Anisotropic materials各向异性材料Air-entrained concrete引气混凝土Air Entrain Admixture引气剂Aggregate porosity集料孔隙率Artificial marble人造大理石Alite阿利特Alkali-aggregate reaction碱－集料反应Alkalies in Portland cement波特兰水泥中的碱Alkali-silica reaction碱－二氧化硅反应Anhydrite无水石膏（硬石膏）Autoclave expansion test高压釜膨胀试验Air-entrained concrete加气混凝土Adhesion agent粘着剂Accelerating agent速凝剂All mesh ferrocement无筋钢丝网水泥Allyl-Butadiene-Styrene丙烯氰－丁二烯－苯乙烯共聚树脂（ABS）Air pockets鼓泡Axial tensive property轴心受拉性能Axial compressive property轴心受压性能Air impermeability气密性Abnormal Polypropylene无规聚丙烯（APP）Asbestos fibres石棉纤维Asbestos insulation石棉绝热制品Autoclave expansion test压蒸法Artificial人造石Air entraining and water-reducing admixture引气减水剂Active addition活性混合材Addition of cement水泥混合材Aluminoferic cement clinker铁铝酸盐水泥熟料Age龄期，时期Aluminum silicate wool硅酸铝棉Aluminum foil铝箔Air space insulation封闭空气间层Areal thermal resistance（specific thermal resistance）比热阻（热导率的倒数）Absorptivity吸收率Air permeability（Air penetration coefficient）空气渗透率BBrick 绝热砖Bond strength 粘结强度Bleeding 泌水Bitumen-determination of penetration 沥青针入度测定法Battery-mold process 成组立模工艺Bar spacing 加筋间距Bitumastic paint 沥青涂料Bituminous road materials 沥青筑路材料Blowing agent 发泡剂Bar between mesh 加筋Ball impact test （******强度）落球试验法Basic constituent 碱性组分基本成分Basicity 碱度，碱性Binder bonding agent 粘合剂Barytes 重晶石Batchhing 称量（配料）Belite 贝利特Biaxial behavior 双轴向性质Blaine fineness 勃来恩，细度Blast-furnace slag 高炉矿渣Blast-furnace slag cements 高炉矿渣水泥Blended portland cements 掺混合料的波特兰水泥Bogue equations 鲍格方程式Bond 粘结Brucite 氢氧镁石（水镁石）Bulking of sand 砂的湿胀Bull-float 刮尺Board（block）insulation 绝热板Batch mixture 配合料Bend stress 弯曲应力Bituminous paint 沥青涂料Bituminous concrete 沥青混凝土Block brick 大型砌块Blunger 搅拌器，打浆机Brick setting 砖砌体(brickwork)Brittle point of asphalt 沥青冷脆点Broken stone 碎石Bubbing potential 发泡能力Building brick 建筑红砖Building system 建筑体系，建筑系统Brittle material 脆性材料CCalcium aluminate cement 铝酸钙水泥Calcium aluminates 铝酸钙Calcium chloride 氯化钙Calcium ferroaluminates 铁铅酸钙Calcium hydroxide 氢氧化钙Calcium oxide 氧化钙Calcium silicate hydrate 水化硅酸钙Calcium silicate 硅酸钙Calcium sulfates 硫酸钙Calcium sulfoaluminate 硫铅酸钙Calcium sulfoaluminate hydrates 水化硫铝酸钙Capillary voids（pores）in cement 水泥中的毛细管Capillary water 毛细管水Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳Cavitation 混凝土中的大孔洞，空蚀作用Cement fineness 水泥细度Cement paste 水泥浆Cement soundness 水泥安定性Cement specifications 水泥规范Cement strength 水泥强度Cement types 水泥品种Ceramsite 陶粒Chalcedony 玉髓Chemically combined water 化学结合水Chert 燧石（黑硅石）Chloride 氯化物Chloroprene Rubber 氯丁橡胶（CR）Chord modulus 弦弹性模量Clinker 熟料Coarse aggregate 粗集料Cold-weather concreting 冷天浇筑混凝土Compacting factor test 捣实系数试验Compaction（consolidation）捣实（捣固）Compressive strength 抗压强度Computer control system 计算机控制系统Concrete batching plant 混凝土搅拌站Concrete composition 混凝土配合比Concrete products 混凝土制品Concrete pump 混凝土输送泵Cold rolled steel 冷轧钢Cellular concrete 多孔混凝土Complex accelerator based on triethanolamine 三乙醇胺复合早强剂Component 组分，成分，构件Compliance 柔度Composite 复合，合成，复合材料Composite insulation 复合绝热层Composite portland cement 复合硅酸盐水泥Concrete 混凝土Condensed silica fume 浓缩（凝聚）的二氧化硅烟雾（硅粉）Consistency 绸度Core tests 钻芯试验Corrosion of steel in concrete 混凝土中钢筋的腐蚀Cost of concrete 混凝土成本Cracking 开裂Creep 徐变Critical aggregate size 临界集料尺寸C-S-H 水化硅酸钙Coefficient of thermal expansion 热膨胀系数Conductivity 导热性Coefficient of shrinkage 收缩系数Coefficient of permeability of concrete 混凝土收缩系数Cement mortar 水泥胶砂Crescent ribbed bars 月牙肋钢筋Concrete block 混凝土砌块Cold-drawn reinforcement bar 冷拉钢筋Cold rolled steel 冷轧钢Condensation polymerization 缩聚反应Critical degree of saturation 临界饱和度Critical stress 临界压力Cryogenic behavior 低温性质Crystallization pressure of salts 盐的结晶压力Crystal structure and reactivity 结晶结构和Coefficient of permeability of concrete 混凝土渗透系数Carbonated lime sand brick 碳化灰砂砖Carbonating 碳化处理Cement resistance to chemical 水泥抗化学侵蚀性Cube size 立方体试件尺寸Characteristic strength 特征强度Coarse aggregate ratio to fine 粗集料玉细集料之比Carbonated shrinkage 碳化收缩Calcium silicate insulation 硅酸钙绝热制品Cellular（foamed）glass 泡沫玻璃（多孔玻璃）Composite insulation 复合绝热层活性Curing 养护Civil Engineering 土木工程Cement 水泥Crack 裂缝Calcium silicate insulation 硅酸钙绝热制品Cement mortar 水泥砂浆Cork 软木Cork insulation 软木绝热制品Cellular（foamed）plastics 泡沫塑料（多孔塑料）Cellular（foamed）polystyrene 聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料Cellular（foamed）polyurethane 聚氨脂泡沫塑料Calcium-resin insulating board 钙塑绝热板Cellular（foamed）rubber 泡沫橡胶DDarby 刮尺D-cracking D行裂缝Deicing salts action 除冰盐作用Diatomaceous earth 硅藻土质泥土Dicalcium silicate（C2S）硅酸二钙Dynamic modulus of elasticity 动弹性模量Dolomite 白云石Decoration mortar 装饰砂浆Deformed bar 变形钢筋，螺纹钢Defoamer 消泡剂Dense concrete 密实混凝土Diatomaceous silicate 硅藻土(Kieselguhr，diatomite) Diatomite insulation 硅藻土绝热制品Drying shrinkage 干燥收缩（干缩）Ductility 延性Durability 耐久性Durability factor 耐久性因素Decoration glass 装饰玻璃Density 密度Deformation 变形钢筋Degree of hardness 硬度Degree of humidity 湿度EEarly-age behavior早期性质Ecological benefit生态效应Effective absorption有效吸收Efflorescence白霜Elastic modulus弹性模量Electron micrographs电子显微图Energy requirement能量需要Entrained air引入的空气Extensibility可伸长性Emerging wire露丝Emerging mesh露网Expanded perlite膨胀珍珠岩Epoxy Resin环氧树脂Erosion冲刷风化、剥蚀Ettringite钙矾石Expanded clay and shale膨胀粘土和页岩Expanded slag aggregate膨胀矿渣集料Expansive cement concrete膨胀水泥混凝土Expansive cement膨胀水泥Expansive phenomena in concrete混凝土中的膨胀现象Expanded vermiculite膨胀蛭石Expanded rermiculite insulation膨胀蛭石制品Expanded plastics多孔塑料Engineering plastics工FFabriform土工模袋False set假凝Feldspar长石Fiber-reinforced concrete纤维增强混凝土Final set终凝Fine aggregate细集料Fineness modulus细度模量Flowing concrete流动混凝土Fly ash粉煤灰Foamed slag泡沫矿渣Formwork removal拆模Ferromanganese锰钢Flow of cement mortar水泥胶砂流动度Flint燧石Floating刮平Fracture toughness断裂韧性Free calcium oxide游离氧化钙Freeze-thaw resistance抗冻融性Fresh concrete新拌混凝土Facing面层Fiber insulation纤维绝热材料Flexible insulation柔性绝热制品Frost action on aggregate骨料受到冰冻作用Frost action on cement paste水泥浆受到冰冻作用Future of concrete混凝土的前景Fiber reinforced plastics纤维增强塑料Fiber-glass reinforced plastics玻璃纤维增强塑料Facebrick饰面砖，面砖Facing tile外墙面砖Faience mosaic嵌花地砖，釉陶锦砖Fiber cement纤维水泥Figured glass压花玻璃Fine sand细砂Fineness of cement水泥细度Finishing抹面（修整）Flash set闪凝（瞬间凝结）Flexural strength弯曲强度Fire resistance耐火性Ferrocement钢丝网水泥Ferrocement with skeletal bar加筋钢丝网水泥Flexural property受弯性能Fatigue resistance耐疲劳性Forst resistance抗冻性Fineness modulus细度模数（M）Flexural rigidity抗弯刚度（B）Foamed concrete泡沫混凝土Fiber board纤维板Frost action on concrete混凝土受到冰冻作用GGamma raysγ-射线Gel pores凝胶孔Gel/space ratio凝胶/空隙比（对强度的影响）(Effect on strength）Geonet土工网Geotextile土工格栅Geotextile木织物Glass geogrid土工复合排水材Geomat土工垫Gradation级配Gypsum石膏Granulated wood粒状棉Glass geogrid玻纤网Glassfiber Reinforced Plastics玻璃纤维增强塑料Glass wool玻璃棉Granular（powder）insulation颗粒绝热材料Gap-graded aggregate间断级配材料Gas concrete加气混凝土Glass玻璃体Giving a basic reaction发生碱性反应Giving an acid reaction发生酸性反应Grading颗粒级配Grain-size refinement级配曲线Gravel砾石、卵石Graywacke杂砂岩Grout薄浆（灌浆）Granite花岗岩Graph图表、图解Green concrete新拌混凝土Gritly粗砂状的Ground slag矿渣粉Gypsum wall board石膏墙板Gypsum concrete石膏混凝土HHardening 硬化Hcp 水化水泥浆的简写Hydration of portland cement 波特兰水泥的水化Heat of hydration 水化热Heavyweight aggregate 重集料Heavyweight concrete 重混凝土Hemihydrate 半水化物High-alumina cement 高铝水泥High-early strength cement 高早强水泥High-strength concrete 高强混凝土High-workability concrete 高工作性混凝土Hot-weather concreting 热天浇筑混凝土Hydrophilic and hydrophobic 亲水与憎水Hydrated（portland）cement paste 已水化的水泥浆Hydration reaction of aluminates 铝酸盐的水化Hydration reaction of silicates 硅酸盐的水化反应Hydraulic cement 水硬性水泥Hydraulic pressure 水压力Honeycomb 蜂窝Heat transfer rate 热流量Homogeneous materials 均质材料High-tensile reinforcing steel 高强度钢筋High-tensile wire 高强钢丝High carbon steel 高碳钢High strength concrete 高强混凝土High performance concrete 高性能混凝土IIgneous rocks for aggregate 作为集料的岩浆岩Impact strength ******强度Impregnation with polymers 用聚合物浸渍Initial set 初凝Initial tangent modulus 初始正切模量Interlayer space in C-S-H C-S-H中的层间空间Interlayer water in C-S-H C-S-H中的层间水Iron blast-furnace slag 化铁高炉渣Iron ores aggregate（heavyweight）铁矿石（重集料）Isotropic materials 各向同性材料Iron wire 低碳钢丝Impact ductility ******韧性Impact strength 抗******强度Impermeability 抗渗性，不渗透性Impermeability to water 抗渗水性，不透水性Impregnate 浸渍，渗透Index of quality 品质指标，质量控制标准Inhomogeneous 不均匀的，多相的Initial shrinkage 早期收缩Initial strength 早期强度Insulating layer 隔热层Intarsia 玻璃锦砖Impact resistance 抗******性JJet set cement 喷射水泥Jolting table 振动台Job mix 现场配合Jaw crusher 颚式破碎机"Jian-1" water reducerKKilled steel 镇静钢Kilogram calorie 千卡，大卡Kiln dust 窑灰，飞灰Kiln building 窑房Kiln plant 窑设备Knot 木节Kominuter 球磨LLow PH value cement 低碱水泥Laitance 浆皮Leaching of cement paste 水泥浆渗漏Lime cement 石灰水泥Limestone 石灰石Lightweight aggregates 轻集料Lightweight concrete 轻混凝土Lignosulfonate 木质磺酸盐Low heat Portland cement 低热波特兰水泥Laboratory 实验室Lean concrete 贫混凝土Loss of slump of concrete 混凝土的坍落度损失Le chatelier soundness test 雷氏夹法Loss on ignition 烧失量Light weight ferrocement 轻质钢丝网水泥Longitudinal bar 纵筋Longitudinal bar spacing 纵筋间距Loose fill insulation 松散填充绝热层Low alloy steel 低合金钢Low caron colddrawn steel 冷拔低碳钢丝Longitudinal rib 纵肋Lumber grading 木材等级MMacrostructure 宏观结构Magnesium oxide 氧化镁Magnesiun salts solution effect on concrete 镁盐溶液对混凝土的影响Map cracking 地图形裂纹Marcasite 白铁矿Mass concrete 大体积混凝土Maturity concept 成熟度概念Maturity meters 成熟度测定仪Microcracking 微裂缝Microsilica 微细二氧化硅（硅粉）Minimum crack spacing 最小裂缝间距Microcrack 微裂Modulus of deformation 变形模量（EB）Mineral wool insulation 矿棉绝热制品Mineral fibres 矿棉纤维Masonry cement 砌筑水泥Mild steel 低碳钢Medium carbon steel 中碳钢Moisture content of wood 木材含水量Moisture 湿度水分Moisture condition 含水状态Mocromolecule high polymer 高分子Microstructure 微观结构Mixing of concrete 矿物外加剂Mixing water 拌合用水Mix proportioning（designing）配合比（设计）Mix proportions 配合比Modified portland cement 改性的波特兰水泥Modulus of elasticity 弹性模量Modulus of rupture 挠折模量（破裂模量）Monosulfate hydrate 单硫酸盐水化物Mortar 砂浆Multiaxial strength 多轴向强度Mumicipal-waste aggregate 城市废物集料Moisture absorption 吸湿率（water vapour absorption）Moisture content of aggregate 骨料含水量Matrix 基材Mesh-bar placement and tying 铺网扎筋Manual plastering 手工抹浆Maximum size of sand 砂的最大粒径Mortar consistency 砂浆绸度Mortar strength 砂浆强度Maximum crack width 最大裂缝宽度Mix proportion by absolute volume 绝对体积配合比（设计）Mix proportion by loose volume 现场松散体积配合比（设计）Mixed-in-place 现场拌和Mix proportion by weight 重量配合比Mixed process 混合过程Mixing time 拌和时间Mixing water 拌和水Modility 流动性Membreane curing 薄膜养护Map cracking 龟裂Mastic 玛脂Modulus of elasticity concrete 混凝土弹性模量Modulus of water-glass 水玻璃模数Masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆Maximum aggregate size 最大集料粒径Marber 大理岩Moderate heat portland cement 中热硅酸盐水泥Moderate heat of hydration 中热Moderate sulfate resistance 中抗硫酸盐Magnitude of self-stress 自应力NNDT 非破损试验的缩写Neutron radiation 中子辐射Neoprene 氯丁橡胶NNO water reducer NNO型减水剂Non-evaporable water 非蒸发水Nominal diameter 公称直径Normal consistency of cement paste 水泥净浆标准绸度Non-hydranlic cement 气硬性水泥Non-destructive tests 非破损试验Nuclear shielding concrete 核屏蔽混凝土Normal distribution 正太分布Neat cement paste 水泥净浆Needle crystal 针状晶体Needle penetrometer 维卡仪OOscillating screen 振动筛Oscillation generator 振动器Oscillator 振动器Oil-well platform concrete 油井平台混凝土Opal 蛋白石Overlays of concrete 混凝土覆盖层Oriented water 定向的水Osmotic pressure 渗透压力Oven-dry aggregate 炉干骨料Overall thermal conductance 总导热系数Organosilicon 有机硅Organosilicon resin 有机硅树脂Oscillate 振动，振荡Ordinary low-alloy steel 普通低合金钢Ordinary oil well cement 普通油井水泥Ordinary portland cement 普通硅酸盐水泥PParticle size 颗粒尺寸Penetration resistance 抗贯入性Periclase 方镁石Perlite 珍珠岩Permeability 渗透性Phosphate 磷酸盐Phenolic Formaldehyde 酚醛树脂（PF）Placing of concrete 混凝土的浇筑Plaster of paris 建筑石膏Polypropylene 聚丙烯（PP）Polystyrene 聚苯乙烯（PS）Polystyrene-plywood laminate 聚苯乙烯胶合木板Polyester plastics 聚酯塑料Plastic veneer 塑料贴面板Plastic-steel window 塑钢窗Polyester 聚酯Polyester Resin 聚酯树脂（PR）Plastic shrinkage 塑性收缩Poisson's ratio 泊松比Polymer concrete 聚合物混凝土（PC）Polymer-impregnated concrete 聚合物浸渍混凝土（PIC）Polymer-cement concrete 聚合物水泥混凝土Prestressed steel 预应力钢筋Pumped concrete 泵送混凝土Pumice concrete concrete block 浮石混凝土砌块Plastics 塑料Polythene 聚乙烯（PE）Polyvinyl Alcohol 聚乙烯醇（PVA）Polyvinyl Acetate 聚醋酸乙烯（PVAC）Polyvinyl Chloride 聚氯乙烯（PVC）Polyvinyl Formal 聚乙烯醇缩甲醛（PVFO）Porosity 孔隙率Portland cement 波特兰水泥Portland blast-furnace slag cement 高炉矿渣波特兰水泥Portlandite 氢氧钙石Portland pozzolan cement 火山灰质波特兰水泥Potential compound composition 潜在化合物成分Pyrite pyrrhotite 硫化铁，黄铁矿Particle size distribution 粒度分布Pat test 试饼法PH-value PH值（PCC）Polymethylmethacrylate 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）Pore-size distrbution 孔径分布Pore-size refinement 孔径尺寸修整Prestressded ferrocement 预应力钢丝网水泥Plain round bar 光圆钢筋Pozzolan 火山灰Pozzolanic reaction 火山灰质反应Preplaced aggregate concrete 预填集料混凝土Proportioning 配合Pulverized fuel ash 磨细粉煤灰Pull-out test 拔出试验Pumice 浮石QQuality assurance 质量保证Quick set 快凝Quality 质量Quality control 质量控制Quartz glass 石英玻璃Quartz glass fiber 石英玻璃纤维Quartz sand 石英砂Quick lime 生石灰[CaO]Quartz 石英Quatzite 石英岩Quick-taking cement 快凝水泥Quick hardening 水硬性水泥Quench 水淬，骤冷RRadiation shielding concrete辐射屏蔽混凝土Rapid setting and hardening cement快凝与快硬水泥Revibration重新振捣Rice husk ash谷糠灰Ready-mixed concrete预拌混凝土Recycled-concrete aggregate再生混凝土集料Regulated-set cement调凝水泥Retarding admixtures缓凝外加剂Retempering重新调拌Roller-compacted concrete滚筒-压实混凝土Reinforced plastics加筋塑料Reinforcement mat钢筋网Resistance to chemical attack of mortar砂浆耐蚀性Rock wool岩石棉Rigid insulation刚性绝热制品Rib height肋高Rib spacing肋间距Ribbed bars带肋钢筋Rich concrete富混凝土Residue on sieve筋余Raw limestone石灰石Raw gypsum二水石膏SSalt crystallization pressure 盐的结晶压力Sand 砂Sandstone 砂岩Saturated surface dry condition 饱和面干条件Scaling 起皮，鳞片状剥落Schmidt rebound hammer 希密特回弹仪Screeding 抹平Seawater 海水Secant elastic modulus 正割弹性模量Sedimentary rocks for aggregate 作为集料的沉积岩Segregation 离析Self-stressing cement 自应力水泥Setting of cement paste 水泥浆的凝结Special hydraulic cement 特种水硬性水泥Specifications 规范Specific heat 比热Specific surface area 比表面积Sphericity 圆度Splitting ******* strength 劈裂抗拉强度Standard specifications 标准规范Standard test method 标准试验方法Stiffening of cement paste 水泥浆的变硬Strain 应变Strength 强度Setting of concrete 混凝土的凝结Shear-bond failure 剪切粘结破坏Shear strength 剪切强度Shotcreting 喷射混凝土浇筑Shrinkage 收缩Shrinkage-compensating concrete 收缩补偿混凝土Sieve analysis of aggregate 集料的筛分析Silica fume 硅粉Slag 矿渣Slip-formed concrete 滑模混凝土Slump cone test 坍落度锥体试验Slump loss in concrete 混凝土中坍落度损失Solid/space ratio 固体∕空隙比Solid-state hydration 固态水化Soundness 安定性Spacing-factors of entrained air 引入空气的间距因素Self-stressing cement mortar 自应力水泥砂浆Shear steel 剪切钢筋Saturation capacity 饱和含水量Saturation point 饱和点Stearic acid 硬脂酸Surface-active agents 表面活性剂Synthetic resin binder 树脂粘结剂Synthetic lightweight aggregate 人造轻集料Shotereting process 喷浆工艺Scaling 麻面Surface dusting 表面起砂Sandwich 夹层Shrinkage crack 收缩裂缝Stressed crack 受力裂缝Special steel 特种钢Sawdust concrete 锯屑混凝土Softening point test 软化点试验Solidification 凝固作用Stress 应力Stress intensity factor 应力强度因素Stress-strain curve 应力－应变曲线Surface moisture 表面水Splitting strength 劈裂强度Splitting failure 劈裂破坏Standard error 标准误差Stand sieve 标准筛Static modulus 静弹性模量Steam curing 蒸汽养护Strength grading 强度级别Strength of cube 立方体强度Strength at 28 days 28天强度Stress concentration 应力集中Styrene Butadiene Rubber 丁苯橡胶（SBR）Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene 苯－丁－苯乙烯Sulphoaluminate cement clinker 硫铝酸盐熟料Surface energy 表面能Surface hardness 表面强度Surface ******* 表面张力Sand-lime brick 灰砂砖Saturated aggregate 饱和水集料Superplasticized admixture 超塑化外加剂Structural lightweight concrete 结构轻混凝土Structure（microstructure）of concrete 混凝土的（微观）结构Structures（concrete）in photographs 混凝土结构照片Sulfate attack 硫酸盐侵蚀Sulfate resisting cement 抗硫酸盐水泥Sulfates in portland cement 波特兰水泥中的硫酸盐Sulfides and sulfate aggregate 硫化物与硫酸盐集料Standard sand 标准砂Strength of cement mortar 水泥胶砂强度Strength grade of cement 水泥强度等级Spiral reinforcement 螺纹钢筋Stirrup 箍筋Struture lightweight concrete 结构用轻混凝土Specimen 试件Self-stressing concrete 自应力混凝土Sand grading 砂的级配Sand grading curve 砂的级配曲线Sand grading standard region 砂的级配标准区Self-stressing ferrocement 自应力钢丝网水泥Surface area 表面积Strength of aggregate 集料强度Strength of cylinders 圆柱体强度Supersulphated cement 石膏矿渣水泥Setting time of concrete 混凝土的凝结时间Standard of concrete 混凝土强度Standard deviation 标准差Structure high density concrete 结构高表观密度混凝土Steel-fibre concrete 钢纤维混凝土Set retarder admixture 缓凝剂Set retarding and water-reducing admixture 缓凝减水剂Superplasticizer admixture 高效减水剂Superplasticized concrete 超塑性混凝土Setting time 凝结时间Sulphonated formaldehyde melamine 磺化甲醛三聚氰胺Saturated and surface-dry aggregate 饱和面干集料Tangent modulus of elasticity 正切弹性模量Temperature effects 温度效应Tensile strain 拉伸应变Tensile strain capacity 拉伸应变能力Tensile strength 拉伸强度（抗拉强度）Test methods 试验方法Thermal conductivity 导热性Thermal expansion coefficient 热膨胀系数Thermal shrinkage 热收缩Truckmixing 卡车搅拌Total water/cement ratio 总水灰比Trial mixes 试拌合物The particle grading 颗粒级配Tough aggregate 韧性集料Timber 木材Thermal insulation material 保温材料Test sieve 试验筛Through-solution hydration 通过溶液的水化Time of set 凝结时间Tobermorite gel 莫来石凝胶Topochemical hydration 局部水化Toughness 韧性Transition zone 过渡区Transporting concrete 混凝土输送Tricalcium aluminate 铝酸三钙Tricalcium silicate 硅酸三钙Triethanolamine 三乙醇胺Testing of material 材料试验Testing sieve shaker 试验用振动筛分机Test load 试验负荷Test method 试验仪表Test report 试验报告Test result 试验结果Tetracalcium aluminate hydrate 水化铝酸四钙Texture of wood 木材纹理Theories of cement setting and hardening 水泥凝结硬化理论Thermal contraction 热收缩Thermal diffusivity 热扩散性Thermosetting plastics 热固性塑料Technical manual 技术规范Test method of ferrocement panels in flexure 钢丝网水泥板受弯试验方法Transverse barspacing 横筋间距Thermo plastics 热塑性塑料Transverse rib 横肋Transverse bar 横筋Temperature shrinkage 温度收缩Thermal insulation material 绝热材料Thermal insulation properties 保温性能Thermal insulating concrete 绝热混凝土Thermal insulating plaster（Thermal insulating mortar）绝热砂浆UUltrasonic pulse velocity 超声脉冲速度Unixial compression behavior 单轴向受压状况Ultimate creep 极限徐变Ultimate strain 极限应变Unlimited swelling gel 无限膨胀凝胶Units of measurement 计量单位Unit weight 单位重量Ultimate gation 极限伸长值Ultimate principles 基本原理Ultrasonic inspection 超声波样份Uncombined CaO 游离CaOVander Wale force 范德华力Vebe test 维勃试验Vermiculite 蛭石Very high early strength cement 超高早强水泥Vibration 振动，振捣Vicat apparatus 维卡仪Void in hydrated cement paste 水化水泥浆中的孔隙Volcanic glass 火山玻璃Vinsol resin 松香皂树脂Vapor pressure 蒸汽压力Variegated glass 大理石纹Veneer 墙面砖、饰面砖Vesicular structure 多孔结构Vicat needle 维卡仪Viscometer 粘度仪Viscosity 粘度粘滞性Viscosity of asphalt 沥青粘滞性Voids ratio 孔隙率Vibro-moulding process 振动成型工艺Vibrating stamping process 震动模压工艺Vibrating vacuum-dewater process 振动-真空脱水工艺Vacuum insulation 真空绝热Vapour barrier，water vapour retarder 隔汽层Vibrating table 振动台Voids detection 空隙的测定V-B test（vebe test）维勃证WWater 水Water/cement ratio 水灰比Water-reducing admixture 减水剂Water tightness 水密性、不透水性Water content 用水量Water requirement 需水量Water-lightness 透水性Water-reducing retaders 缓凝减水剂White cement 白水泥Windsor probe 温莎探针Winter concreting 混凝土冬季浇筑Workability 工作性（工作度）Wetting agents 温润剂Water solubility 水溶性Water retentivity 保水性Water storage 在水中养护Water repellent 疏水的、不吸水的、憎水的Water resistance 抗水性Water vapor 水蒸汽Wearability 耐磨性Weather resistance 耐候性Workability 可加工性Wood-preserving process 木材防腐处理Work done by impact ******功Weighting error 称量误差Workability loss of with time 和易性随时间损失Workability of ready-mixed concrete 预拌混凝土和易性Workability of light-weight concrete 轻混凝土和易性Water-reducing admixture 普通减水剂Water-proofing 防水的Water-proofing admixture 防水剂Wire rope 钢绞线Workability measurement 和易性测量Wire mesh 钢丝网Welded mesh 焊接网Wood wool slab 木丝板Water content（moisture content）含水率（湿度）Water absorption 吸水率Wet screening 湿法筛分，湿筛析Wetting and drying 潮湿与干燥Workability control 和易性控制Workability definition 和易性定义Water pepellent admixture 防水剂Water requirement for normal consistency of cement paste 水泥净浆标准绸度用水量Water proofing compound 防水化合物XX-ray diffiraction analysis X射线衍射分析X-ray phase analysis X射线相分析X-rayogram X射线图式X-ray spectrometer X射线光谱仪YYield limit 屈服极限Yield point 屈服点Yield strength 屈服强度Yield stress 屈服应力Yield of steel 钢材的屈服ZZeolite 沸石Zones for sand grading 砂级配区Zeta-potential ζ－电位Zone of heating 预热带。
材料专业英语常见词汇【范本模板】
材料专业英语常见词汇(一）Structure ［’strʌktʃə］组织Ceramic [si’ræmik］陶瓷Ductility ［dʌk'tiləti] 塑性Stiffness ［’stifnis]刚度Grain [ɡrein］晶粒Phase [feiz]相Unit cell 单胞Bravais lattice 布拉菲[’lætis］布拉菲点阵Stack [stæk］堆垛Crystal ['kristəl］晶体Metallic crystal structure [mi’tælik, me-］金属性晶体点阵Non-directional ［,nɔndi'rekʃənəl, -dai—]无方向性Face—centered cubic [’kju:bik]面心立方Body—centered cubic 体心立方Hexagonal close-packed ［hek’sæɡənəl］［'kləus'pækt]密排六方Copper [’kɔpə］铜Aluminum ［ə'lju:minəm]铝Chromium ［'krəumjəm］铬Tungsten [’tʌŋstən］钨Crystallographic Plane ［，kristələu’ɡræfik］［plein]晶面Crystallographic direction 晶向Property [’prɔpəti] 性质Miller indices [’indisi:z］米勒指数Lattice parameters [’lætis］［pə'ræmitə］点阵参数Tetragonal ［te'træɡənəl]四方的Hexagonal [hek'sæɡənəl]六方的Orthorhombic [,ɔ:θə'rɔmbik］正交的Rhombohedra [，rɔmbəu’hi:drə］菱方的Monoclinic [，mɔnəu’klinik］单斜的Prism [’prizm］棱镜Cadmium ［’kædmiəm]镉Coordinate system [kəu’ɔ：dinit，kəu'ɔ：dineit]坐标系Point defect ［’di：fekt，di'f—，di'fekt]点缺陷Lattice ['lætis］点阵Vacancy ['veikənsi]空位Solidification [，səlidifi’keiʃən]结晶Interstitial [,intə’stiʃəl]间隙Substitution [，sʌbsti'tju:ʃən］置换Solid solution strengthening ［sə’lju:ʃən］［’streŋθən，'s treŋkθən］固溶强化Diffusion ［di’fju:ʒən］扩散Homogeneous ［,hɔmə'dʒi：niəs，，həu-］均匀的Diffusion Mechanisms [di'fju:ʒən][’mekənizəm］扩散机制Lattice distortion ［dis'tɔ:ʃən］点阵畸变Self-diffusion [’selfdi，fju：ʒən］自扩散Fick’s First Law 菲克第一定律Unit time 单位时间Coefficient ［,kəui’fiʃənt］系数Concentration gradient ［,kɔnsən'treiʃən］［'ɡreidiənt］浓度梯度Dislocation [,disləu'keiʃən]位错Linear defect [’liniə]［’di：fekt，di'f-, di’fekt］线缺陷Screw dislocation ［skru：]螺型位错Edge dislocation [edʒ］刃型位错Vector ［'vektə]矢量Loop [lu:p］环路Burgers’vector［'bə：ɡəs］柏氏矢量Perpendicular [，pə:pən’dikjulə］垂直于Surface defect 面缺陷Grain boundary [ɡrein］['baundəri］晶界Twin boundary [twin]晶界Shear force ［ʃiə] 剪应力Deformation ［，di:fɔ:'meiʃən］变形Small （ or low） angle grain boundary ［’æŋɡl]小角度晶界Tilt boundary [tilt]倾斜晶界Supercooled [，sju:pə'ku：ld]过冷的Solidification ［，səlidifi’keiʃən]凝固Ordering process 有序化过程材料专业英语常见词汇（二）Crystallinity [，kristə’linəti］结晶度Microstructure ［'maikrəu,strʌktʃə]纤维组织Term 术语Phase Diagram ［feiz］[’daiəɡræm］相图Equilibrium ［，i：kwi'libriəm] 平衡Melt 熔化Cast 浇注Crystallization [,kristəlai’zeiʃən]结晶Binary Isomorphous Systems [’bainəri］［,aisəu'mɔ：fəs]二元匀晶相图Soluble ［'sɔljubl］溶解Phase Present 存在相Locate 确定Tie line 连接线Isotherm [’aisəuθə:m] 等温线Concentration 浓度Intersection 交点The Lever Law 杠杆定律Binary Eutectic System ［'bainəri］［ju：’tektik］二元共晶相图Solvus Line ［'sɔlvəs]溶解线Invariant ［in'vεəriənt］恒定Isotherm ［'aisəuθə:m］恒温线Cast Iron 铸铁Ferrite ［’ferait］珠光体Polymorphic transformation [,pɔli'mɔ:fik]［，trænsfə’meiʃən］多晶体转变Austenite ［’ɔstinait]奥氏体Revert ［ri'və：t, 'ri:və：t]回复Intermediate compound [，intə'mi:djət][kəm’paund]中间化合物Cementite ［si'mentait]渗碳体Vertical ［’və:tikəl]垂线Nonmagnetic ［,nɔnmæɡ'netik］无磁性的Solubility [,sɔlju’biləti]溶解度Brittle ['britl］易脆的Eutectic [ju:'tektik]共晶Eutectoid invariant point[ju:'tektɔid］[in'vεəriənt］共析点Phase transformation 相变Allotropic [，æləu'trɔpik，—kəl]同素异形体Recrystallization [ri：,kristəlai’zeiʃən]再结晶Metastable ［,metə’steibl]亚稳的Martensitic transformation [，mɑ:tin’zitik］马氏体转变Lamellae ？薄片Simultaneously [saiməl'teiniəsli］同时存在Pearlite [’pə:lait]珠光体Ductile [’dʌktail, -til] 可塑的Mechanically [mi’kænikəli] 机械性能Hypo eutectoid ［’haipəu][ju：'tektɔid]过共析的Particle ［’pɑ:tikl]颗粒Matrix ［'meitriks］基体,矩阵Proeutectoid ？先共析Hypereutectoid [，haipəju'tektɔid］亚共析的Bainite [’beinait]贝氏体Martensite ['mɑ：tnzait]马氏体Linearity [，lini’ærəti]线性的Stress—strain curve [kə:v］应力-应变曲线Proportional limit ［prəu'pɔ:ʃənəl]比例极限Tensile strength [’tensail，—səl］抗拉强度Ductility ［dʌk’tiləti］延展性Percent reduction in area 断面收缩率Hardness 硬度Modulus of Elasticity ［'mɔdjuləs］［,elæs’tisəti] 弹性模量Tolerance [’tɔlərəns］公差Rub 摩擦Wear 磨损Corrosion resistance ［’tɔlərəns］［ri'zistəns]抗腐蚀性Aluminum ［ə'lju：minəm]铝Zinc ［ziŋk] 锌Iron ore ［’aiən]［ɔ:］铁矿材料专业英语常见词汇（三）Blast furnace ［'baiəu,blæst］[’fə:nis］高炉Coke [kəuk]焦炭Limestone [’laimstəun］石灰石Slag ［slæɡ]熔渣Pig iron 生铁Ladle ['leidl］钢水包Silicon ［'silikən，-kɔn］硅Sulphur ［'sʌlfə］硫Wrought [rɔ:t]可锻的Graphite ［'ɡræfait] 石墨Flaky ［’fleiki]片状Low-carbon steels 低碳钢Case hardening 表面硬化Medium—carbon steels 中碳钢Electrode ［i’lektrəud]电极As a rule 通常Preheating ［'pri：hi:tiŋ]预热Quench [kwentʃ]淬火Body—centered lattice 体心晶格Carbide ［’kɑ：baid]碳化物Hypereutectoid ［,haipəju’tektɔid]过共晶Chromium ['krəumjəm]铬Manganese ['mæŋɡə,ni：s，，mæŋɡə’ni：z］锰Molybdenum [mɔ’libdinəm］钼Titanium ［tai'teiniəm, ti—］钛Cobalt [kəu’bɔ:lt］钴Tungsten ['tʌŋstən]钨Vanadium ［və'neidiəm]钒Pearlitic microstructure [pə:'litik］珠光体组织Martensitic microstructure ［，mɑ:tin'zitik］马氏体组织Viscosity ［vi’skɔsəti］粘性Wrought [rɔ:t]锻造的Magnesium ［mæɡ'ni:ziəm, -ʃi-]镁Flake ［fleik］片状Malleable [’mæliəbl］可锻的Nodular ［'nɔdjulə，—dʒə-]球状Spheroidal ［sfiə'rɔidəl]球状Superior property [sju：'piriə，sju：pə-］［'prɔpəti]优越性Galvanization ［，ɡælvənai’zeiʃən, -ni'z-]镀锌Versatile [’və:sətail］通用的Battery grid 电极板Calcium [’kælsiəm]钙Tin ［tin]锡Toxicity ［tɔk'sisəti］毒性Refractory ［ri'fræktəri]耐火的Platinum ［'plætinəm］铂Polymer ［'pɔlimə］聚合物Composite ［’kɔmpəzit］混合物Erosive [i’rəusiv］腐蚀性Inert [i'nə：t］惰性Thermo chemically ['θə：məu］［’kemikəli］热化学Generator [’dʒenəreitə］发电机Flaw ［flɔ:］缺陷Variability [，vεəriə’biləti] 易变的Annealing ？退火Tempering [’tempəriŋ] 回火Texture ['tekstʃə]织构Kinetic [ki’netik，kai—］动力学Peculiarity [pi，kju：li'æriti]特性Critical point 临界点Dispersity ? 弥散程度Spontaneous [spɔn'teiniəs］自发的Inherent grain ［in'hiərənt]［ɡrein本质晶粒Toughness ［’tʌfnis］韧性Rupture ［’rʌptʃə] 断裂Kinetic curve of transformation 转变动力学曲线Incubation period ［,inkju’beiʃən］孕育期Sorbite ［'sɔ：bait]索氏体Troostite ［’tru：stait]屈氏体Disperse ［dis'pə：s］弥散的Granular ['ɡrænjulə］颗粒状Metallurgical [,melə'lə：dʒik,—kəl］冶金学的Precipitation [pri，sipi’teiʃən]析出Depletion [di'pli:ʃən］减少Quasi-eutectoid ［'kweizai] ［ju:'tektɔid 伪共析Superposition [，sju:pəpə'ziʃən］重叠Supersede ［,sju：pə'si：d] 代替Dilatometric ［，dilətəu'metrik]膨胀Unstable ［,ʌn'steibl］不稳定Supersaturate ［，sju:pə'sætʃəreit]使过饱和Tetragonality ? 正方度Shear ［ʃiə]切变Displacement [dis'pleismənt］位移Irreversible [,iri’və：səbl]不可逆的。
材料专业常用术语英语单词表
Unit 1property （材料的）性质heat treatme nt 热处理metal 金属glass 玻璃plastics 塑料fiber 纤维electro nic devices 电子器件component 组元,组分semic onducting materials 半导体材料materials scie nee and engin eeri ng 材料科学与工程materials scie nee 材料科学materials engin eeri ng 材料工程materials scie ntist 材料科学家materials engin eer 材料工程师syn thesize 合成syn thesissyn theticsubatomic structure 亚原子结构electro n 电子atom 原子nu clei 原子核nu cleusmolecule 分子microscopic 微观的microscope 显微镜n aked eye 裸眼macroscopic 宏观的specime n 试样deformati on 变形polished 抛光的reflect 反射magn itude 量级solid materials 固体材料mecha nical properties 力学性质load 载荷force 力elastic modulus 弹性模量stre ngth 强度electrical properties 电学性质electrical con ductivity 导电性dielectric con sta nt 介电常数electric field 电场thermal behavior 热学行为heat capacity 热容thermal con ductivity 热传导（导热性）magn etic properties 磁学性质magn etic field 磁场optical properties 光学性质electromag netic radiati on 电磁辐射light radiation 光辐射in dex of refract ion 折射率reflectivity 反射率deteriorative characteristics 劣化特性process ing 力口工performa nee 性能lin ear 线性的in tegrated circuit chip 集成电路芯片stre ngth 强度ductility 延展性deterioration 恶化，劣化mecha nical stren gth 机械强度elevated temperature 高温corrosive 腐蚀性的fabrication 制造Un it 2 chemical makeup 化学组成atomic structure 原子结构adva need materials 先进材料high-tech no logy 高技术smart materials 智能材料nanoengin eered materials 纟纳米工程材料metallic materials 金属材料nonl ocalized electr ons 游离电子con ductor 导体electricity 电heat 热tran spare nt 透明的visible light 可见光polished 抛光的surface 表面lustrous 有光泽的alumi num 铝silic on 硅alumi na 氧化铝silica 二氧化硅oxide 氧化物carbide 碳化物nitride 氮化物dioxide 二氧化物clay mi nerals 黏土矿物porcela in 瓷器ceme nt 水泥mecha nical力学行为behaviorceramic materials 陶瓷材料stiffness 劲度stre ngth 强度hard 坚硬brittle 脆的fracture 破裂in sulative 绝缘的resista nt 耐 .. 的resista nee 耐力,阻力，电阻molecular structures 分子结构chai n-like 链状backb one 骨架carb on atoms 碳原子low den sities 彳氐密度mecha nical characteristics 力学特性inert 隋性synthetic （人工）合成的fiberglass 玻璃纤维polymeric 聚合物的epoxy 环氧树脂polyester 聚酯纤维carbon fiber-rei nforced polymer composite 碳纤维增强聚合物复合材料glass fiber-rei nforced materials 玻璃纤维增强材料high-stre ngth, low-de nsity structural materials 高强度低密度结构材料solar cell 太阳能电池hydrogen fuel cell 氢燃料电池catalyst 催化剂nonren ewable resource 不可再生资源Un it 3 periodic table （元素）周期表atomic structure 原子结构magn etic 磁学的optical 光学的microstructure 微观结构macrostructure 宏观结构positively charged n ucleus 带正电的原子核atomic nu mber 原子序数proto n 质子atomic weight 原子量n eutro n 中子n egatively charged electr ons 带负电的电子shell壳层magn esium 镁chemical bonds 化学键partially-filled electro n shells 未满电子壳层bond 成键metallic bond 金属键nonm etal atoms 非金属原子covale nt bond 共价键ionic bond 离子键Un it 4physical properties 物理性质chemical properties 化学性质flammability 易燃性corrosi on 腐蚀oxidatio n 氧化oxidati on resista nee 抗氧化性vapor (vapour) 蒸汽,蒸气,汽melt 熔化solidify 凝固vaporize 汽化，蒸发condense 凝聚sublime 升华state 态plasma 等离子体phase tran sformatio n temperatures den sity 密度specific gravity 比重thermal con ductivity 热导lin ear coefficie nt of thermal expa nsion electrical con ductivity and resistivity 相变温度线性热膨胀系数电导和电阻corrosi on resista nee 抗腐蚀性magn etic permeability 磁导率phase tran sformatio ns 相变phase tran siti ons 相变crystal forms 晶型melt ing point 熔点boili ng point 沸腾点vapor pressure 蒸气压atm 大气压glass tran siti on temperature 玻璃化转变温度mass 质量volume 体积per un it of volume 每单位体积the accelerati on of gravity 重力加速度temperature depe ndent 随温度而变的，与温度有关的grams/cubic cen timeter 克每立方厘米kilograms/cubic meter 千克每立方米grams/milliliter 克每毫升grams/liter 克每升pounds per cubic inch 磅每立方央寸pounds per cubic foot 磅每立方央尺corrosi on resista nee 抗腐蚀性alcohol 酒精benzene 苯magn etize 磁化magn etic induction 磁感应强度magn etic field inten sity 磁场强度con sta nt 常数vacuum 真空magn etic flux den sity 磁通密度diamag netic 反磁性的factor 因数paramag netic 顺磁性的ferromag netic 铁磁性的non-ferrous metals 非铁金属，有色金属brass 黄铜ferrous 含铁的ferrous metals 含铁金属，黑色金属relative permeability 相对磁导率transformer 变压器，变换器eddy curre nt probe 涡流探针Un it 5hard ness 硬度impact resista neefracture tough nessstructural materialsani sotropic 各向异性orie ntati on 取向texture 织构 fiber rein forceme nt Ion gitudi nal 纵向tran sverse directi onshort tran sverse direction短横向 a function of temperature温度的函数，温度条件room temperature 室温elo ngatio n 伸长率tension 张力，拉力 compressi on 压缩ben di ng 弯曲shear 剪切torsio n 扭转static load ing 静负荷dyn amic loadi ng动态载荷 cyclic loading 循环载荷，周期载荷耐冲击性 断裂韧度，断裂韧性 结构材料 纤维增强 横向cross-sect ional area 横截面stress 应力stress distributi on 应力分布strain 应变engin eeri ng stra in 工程应变perpe ndicular 垂直no rmal axis 垂直车由elastic deformati on 弹性形变plastic deformati on 塑性形变quality con trol 质量控制non destructive tests 无损检测tensile property 抗张性能，拉伸性能Unit 6lattice 晶格positive ions 正离子a cloud of delocalized electr ons 离域电子云ionization 电离，离子化metalloid 准金属，类金属nonm etal 非金属cross-sect ional area 横截面diago nal line 对角线polonium 钋semi-metal 半金属lower left 左卜万upper right 右上方con ducti on band 导带vale nee band 价带electro nic structure 电子结构syn thetic materials （人工）合成材料oxygen 氧oxide 氧化物rust 生锈potassium 钾alkali metals 碱金属alkali ne earth metals 碱土金属volatile 活泼的tran siti on metals 过渡金属oxidize 氧化barrier layer 阻挡层basic 碱性的acidic 酸性的electrochemical series 电化序electrochemical cell 电化电池cleave 解理，劈开elemental 兀素的，单质的metallic form 金属形态tightly-packed crystal lattice 密排晶格，密堆积晶格atomic radius 原子半径nu clear charge 核电荷nu mber of bonding orbitals 成键轨道数overlap of orbital en ergies 轨道能重叠crystal form 晶型pla nes of atoms 原子面a gas of n early free electr ons 近自由电子气free electro n model 自由电子模型an electr on gas 电子气band structure 能带结构binding energy 键能positive pote ntial 正势periodic pote ntial 周期性势能band gap 能隙Brillouin zone 布里渊区n early-free electr on model 近自由电子模型solid solution 固溶体pure metals 纯金属duralumin 硬铝,杜拉铝Unit 9purification 提纯,净化raw materials 原材料discrete 离散的，分散的iodi ne 碘Ion g-cha in 长链alkane 烷烃,链烃oxide 氧化物nitride 氮化物carbide 碳化物diam ond 金刚石graphite 石墨inorganic 无机的mixed ion ic-covale nt bonding 离子一共价混合键con stitue nt atoms 组成原子con ducti on mecha nism 传导机制phonon 声子phot on 光子sapphire 蓝宝石visible light 可见光computer-assisted process con trol 计算机辅助过程控制solid-oxide fuel cell 固体氧化物燃料电池spark plug in sulator 火花塞绝缘材料capacitor 电容electrode 电极electrolyte 电解质electr on microscope 电子显微镜surface an alytical methods 表面分析方法Unit 12macromolecule 高分子repeati ng structural un its 重复结构单元covale nt bond 共价键polymer chemistry 高分子化学polymer physics 高分子物理polymer scie nee 高分子科学molecular structure 分子结构molecular weights 分子量long cha ins 长链cha in-like structure 链状结构mono mer 单体plastics 塑料rubbers 橡胶thermoplastic 热塑性thermoset 热固性vulca ni zed rubbers 硫化橡胶thermoplastic elastomer 热塑弹性体n atural rubbers 天然橡胶syn thetic rubbers 合成橡胶thermoplastic 热塑性thermoset 热固性resi n 树脂polyethyle ne 聚乙烯polypropyle ne 聚丙烯polystyre ne 聚苯乙烯polyvi nyl-chloride 聚氯乙烯polyvi nyl 聚乙烯的chloride 氯化物polyester 聚酉旨polyuretha ne 聚氨酉旨polycarbo nate 聚碳酸酯nylon 尼龙acrylics 丙烯酸树脂aery Ion itrile-butadie ne-styre ne ABS 树月脂polymerization 聚合（作用）conden sati on polymerizati on 缩聚additi on polymerizatio n 力口聚homopolymer 均聚物copolymer 共聚物chemical modificati on 化学改性termino logy 术语nomen clature 命名法chemist 化学家the Noble Prize in Chemistry 诺贝尔化学奖catalyst 催化剂atomic force microscope原子力显微镜（AFM）Unit 15composite 复合材料multiphase 多相bulk phase 体相matrix 基体matrix material 基质材料rei nforceme nt 增强体reinforcing phase 增强相rei nforci ng material 力口强材料metal-matrix composite 金属基复合材料ceramic-matrix composite 陶瓷基复合材料resi n-matrix composite 树脂基复合材料stre ngthe ning mecha nism 增强机理dispers ion stren gthe ned composite 弥散强化复合材料particle rei nforced composites 颗粒增强复合材料fiber-re in forced composites 纤维增强复合材料Unit 18nano tech no logy 纟纳米技术nano structured materials 纟纳米结构材料nano meter 纟纳米nano scale 纟纳米尺度nan oparticle 纟纳米颗粒nano tube 纟纳米管nanowire 纟纳米线matrix material 基质材料nanorod 纟纳米棒nanoonion 纟纳米葱nan obulb 纳米泡fullere ne 富勒烯size parameters 尺寸参数size effect 尺寸效应critical le ngth 临界长度mesoscopic 介观的qua ntum mecha nics 量子力学qua ntum effects 量子效应surface area per un it mass 单位质量的表面积surface physics and chemistry 表面物理化学substrate 衬底，基底graphe ne 石墨烯chemical an alysis 化学分析chemical compositi on 化学成分an alytical tech niq ues 分析技术sca nning tunn eli ng microscope 扫描隧道显微镜spatial resoluti on 空间分辨率de Brogile wavele ngth 德布罗意波长mean free path of electrons （电子）平均自由程qua ntum dot 量子点band gap 带隙连续态密度discrete en ergy level 离散能级con ti nu ous den sity of statesabsorpti on 吸收in frared 红夕卜ultraviolet 紫外visible 可见qua ntum confin eme nt (effect) 量子限域效应qua ntum well 量子势阱optoelectro nic device 光电子器件en ergy spectrum 能谱electr on mean free path 电子平均自由程spin relaxati on len gth 自旋弛豫长度Unit 21biomaterial 生物材料impla nt materials 植入材料biocompatibility 生物相容性in vivo 在活体内in vitro 在活体外organ tran spla nt 器管移植calcium phosphate 磷酸钙hydroxyapatite 羟基磷灰石research and development 研发R&DPreparati on & Characterizati onprocess ing tech niq ues 力口工技术cast ing 铸造rolling 轧制，压延weld ing 焊接ion impla ntati on 离子注入thin-film depositi on 薄膜沉积crystal growth 晶体生长sin teri ng 烧结glassblowi ng 玻璃吹制an alytical tech niq ues 分析技术characterizati on tech niq ues 表征技术electr on microscopy 电子显微术X-ray diffractio n X 射线衍射calorimetry 量热法Rutherford backscatteri ng 卢瑟福背散射n eutro n diffractio n 中子衍射nu clear microscopy 核子微探针。
工程常用词汇(英语)
工程常用词汇(英语)一、基础建筑结构类。
1. beam [biːm] (n.) 梁；横梁。
- 例句：The beam supports the weight of the upper floors.（这根梁支撑着上面楼层的重量。
）2. column ['kɒləm] (n.) 柱；圆柱。
- 例句：There are several columns in the hall.（大厅里有几根柱子。
）3. foundation [faʊn'deɪʃ(ə)n] (n.) 基础；地基。
- 例句：A good foundation is essential for the stability of the building.（良好的地基对建筑物的稳定性至关重要。
）4. slab [slæb] (n.) 平板；厚板。
- 例句：The concrete slab forms the floor of the building.（混凝土板构成了建筑物的地面。
）5. wall [wɔːl] (n.) 墙；墙壁。
- 例句：The wall divides the two rooms.（这面墙把两个房间隔开。
）二、建筑材料类。
1. concrete ['kɒŋkriːt] (n.) 混凝土；(adj.) 混凝土的；实在的；具体的。
- 例句：The building is made of concrete.（这座建筑物是由混凝土建造的。
）- 例句：We need a concrete plan.（我们需要一个具体的计划。
）2. steel [stiːl] (n.) 钢；钢铁。
- 例句：The bridge is made of steel.（这座桥是由钢铁制成的。
）3. brick [brɪk] (n.) 砖；砖块。
- 例句：The old house was built with bricks.（这座老房子是用砖砌成的。
常用原材料英文缩写中英文对照版
常用原材料英文缩写中英文对照版1. 钢铁 (Steel) ST2. 铝 (Aluminum) AL3. 塑料 (Plastic) PL4. 木材 (Wood) WD5. 水泥 (Cement) CE6. 玻璃 (Glass) GL7. 纸张 (Paper) PA8. 橡胶 (Rubber) RB9. 纱线 (Yarn) YN10. 纤维 (Fiber) FI1. 钢铁 (Steel) ST钢铁是广泛应用于建筑、机械、汽车等行业的原材料，其英文缩写为ST。
2. 铝 (Aluminum) AL3. 塑料 (Plastic) PL塑料制品在我们日常生活中随处可见，其英文缩写为PL。
4. 木材 (Wood) WD木材是传统的建筑材料，广泛应用于家具、装饰等领域，英文缩写为WD。
5. 水泥 (Cement) CE水泥是建筑工程中不可或缺的胶凝材料，英文缩写为CE。
6. 玻璃 (Glass) GL7. 纸张 (Paper) PA纸张是日常生活中常见的文具用品，英文缩写为PA。
8. 橡胶 (Rubber) RB9. 纱线 (Yarn) YN纱线是纺织品的原材料，英文缩写为YN。
10. 纤维 (Fiber) FI纤维是构成纱线的基本单元，广泛应用于纺织、非织造布等领域，英文缩写为FI。
当然，让我们继续丰富这份常用原材料英文缩写的中英文对照版：11. 铜 (Copper) CU铜是一种具有优良导电性和导热性的金属，常用于电线、电缆和管道制造，其英文缩写为CU。
12. 石油 (Petroleum) PT石油是现代工业的重要能源和原料，用于生产汽油、柴油、塑料等多种化学品，英文缩写为PT。
13. 天然气 (Natural Gas) NG天然气作为一种清洁能源，广泛应用于供暖、发电和工业生产，英文缩写为NG。
14. 棉花 (Cotton) CT棉花是纺织业的重要原料，用于制作衣物和家居用品，英文缩写为CT。
15. 尼龙 (Nylon) NY尼龙是一种合成纤维，以其耐磨性和强度著称，广泛应用于服装和工业领域，英文缩写为NY。
材料专业中英文词汇
材料专业中英文词汇材料专业是一门以材料为研究对象的学科，主要研究材料的性质、结构、制备、加工、性能、应用等方面。
随着社会经济的发展和科学技术的进步，材料专业越来越受到人们的关注和重视，成为现代工业、科技和军事等领域的重要学科。
在材料专业的学习和研究过程中，掌握一些常用的中英文词汇是十分必要的。
下面是一些常见的材料专业中英文词汇。
1.材料（Material）指一切原料、零件、半成品、成品等，用于生产、加工或制造其他产品的物质实体或物质流。
不同的材料具有不同的特性和应用范围，主要包括金属材料、非金属材料、复合材料等。
2.金属材料（Metallic materials）是一种以金属元素为基础，具有金属特性（良好的导电性、导热性、延展性和可塑性等）的材料。
主要包括铁、铜、铝、锌、钴、钼等金属，以及合金等。
3.非金属材料（Non-metallic materials）是指以非金属元素为主要成分，具有非金属特性（如绝缘性、耐腐蚀性、轻量化、防火等）的材料。
主要包括陶瓷、塑料、橡胶、纤维素等。
4.复合材料（Composite materials）是指由两种或两种以上不同性质的材料通过物理或化学方法结合而成的材料。
这种材料的性能比较优异，具有轻量化、高强度、高刚度、耐腐蚀等特点。
主要包括碳纤维复合材料、玻璃纤维复合材料、金属基复合材料等。
5.性能（Properties）是指材料在不同环境下的物理、化学、机械等特性和表现。
主要包括强度、硬度、韧性、耐磨性、导电性、导热性、耐腐蚀性、热膨胀系数、断裂韧度等。
6.结构（Structure）是指材料组成元素（原子、分子、晶体等）之间的排列方式和组成方式。
材料的结构决定了其性能。
常见的材料结构包括晶体结构、非晶体结构、非晶态结构等。
7.制备（Preparation）是指将原始材料经过一定的工艺方法转化成所需材料的过程。
常见的制备方法包括铸造、轧制、锻造、淬火、淬硬、退火、沉淀、溶剂提取等。
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工程材料常用词汇表(中英文)工程材料常用词汇表A奥氏体 austenite奥氏体本质晶粒度 austenite inhorent grain size奥氏体化 austenitization, austenitii zingB白口铸铁 white cast iron白铜 white brass, copper-nickel alloy板条马氏体 lath martensite棒材 bar包晶反应 peritectic reaction薄板 thin sheet薄膜技术 thin film technique贝氏体 bainite本质晶粒度 inherent grain size比强度 strength-to-weight ratic变质处理 inoculation, modification变质剂 modifying agent,modificator表面处理 surface treatment表面粗糙度 surface roughness表面淬火 surface quenching表面腐蚀 surface corrosion表面硬化 surface hardening玻璃 glass玻璃态 vitreous state, glass state玻璃钢 glass fiber reinforced plastics玻璃纤维 glass fiber不可热处理的 non-heat-treatable不锈钢 stainless steel布氏硬度 Brinell hardnessC材料强度 strength ofmaterial残余奥氏体residual austenite残余变形 residual deformation残余应力 residual stress层状珠光体 lamellar pearlite超导金属 superconducting metal成核 nucleate, nucleation成形forming, shaping成长 growth, growing磁材料magnetic materials冲击韧性 impact toughness纯铁 pure iron粗晶粒 coarse grain脆性 brittleness脆性断裂 brittle fracture淬火 quenching, quench淬透性 hardenability淬硬性 hardenabilityD带材 baud, strip单晶 single crystal, unit crystal单体 monomer, element氮化层 nitration case氮化物 nitride刀具 cutting tool导磁性 magnetic conductivity导电性 electric conductivity导热性 heat conductivity, thermal conductivity导体 conductor等离子堆焊 plasma surfacing等离子弧喷涂 plasma spraying等离子增强化学气相沉积 Plasma chemical vapour deposition (PCVD) 等温转变曲线 isothermal transformation curve低合金钢 low alloy steel低碳钢 low carbon steel低碳马氏体 low carbon?martensite低温回火low tempering点阵常数grating constant, lattice constant电镀electroplating, galvanize电弧喷涂 electric arc spraying电子显微镜 electron microscope定向结晶directional solidification S端淬试验end quenching test断口分析 fracture analysis断裂强度 breaking strength, fracture strength 断裂韧性 fracture toughness断面收缩率 contraction of cross sectional area, 锻造 forge, forging, smithing多晶体 polycrystalE二次硬化secondaryhardening二元合金 binary alloy, two-component alloyF防锈的rust-proot, rust resistant非金属non-metal, nonmetal非晶态amorphous stats分子键 molecular bond分子结构molecular structure分子量molecular weight酚醛树脂bakelite, phenolic resin粉末治金 powder metallurgy粉末复合材料 particulate composite腐蚀corrosion, corrode, etch, etching腐蚀剂corrodent, corrosive, etchant复合材料 composite materialG感应淬火 inductionquenching刚度 rigidity, stiffness钢 steel钢板steel plate钢棒 steel bar钢锭 steel ingot钢管steel tube, steel pipe钢丝 steel wire钢球 steel ball杠杆定理 lever rule, lever principle高分子聚合物 high polymer, superpolymer高合金钢 high alloy steel高锰钢 high manganess steel高频淬火 high frequency quenching高速钢 high speed steel ,quick-cutting steel高碳钢 high-carbon steel高碳马氏体 high carbon martensite高弹态 elastomer高温回火high tempering各向同性 isotropy各向异性 anisotropy, anisotropism工程材料 engineering material工具钢 tool steel工业纯铁 industrial pure iron工艺 technology共价键covalent bond共晶体 eutectic共晶反应 eutectic reaction共析体 eutectoid共析钢eatectoid steel功能材料 functional materials固溶处理 solid solution treatment固溶强化 solution strengthening固溶体 solid solution固相 solid phase光亮热处理 bright heat treatment滚珠轴承钢ball bearing steel过饱和固溶体 supersaturated solid solution 过共晶合金 hypereutectic alloy过共析钢 hypereutectoid steel过冷over-cooling, supercooling过冷奥氏体 supercooled austenite过冷度 degree of supercooling过热 overheat, superheatH焊接 welding, weld航空材料 aerial material合成纤维 synthetic fiber合金钢 alloy steel合金化alloying合金结构钢 structural alloy steel黑色金属 ferrous metal红硬性 red hardness滑移 slip, glide滑移方向 glide direction, slip direction滑移面glide plane, slip plane滑移系 slip system化合物 compound化学气相沉积 chemical vapour eposition (CVD)化学热处理 chemical heat treatmentJ基体 matrix机械混合物 mechanical mixture机械性能 mechanical property激光热处理 heat treatment with a laser beam激光 laser激光熔凝 laser melting and consolidation激光表面硬化 surface hardening by laser beam加工硬化 work hardening加热 heating胶粘剂 adhesive结构材料 structural material结晶 crystallize, crystallization结晶度 crystallinity金属材料 metal material金属化合物 metallic compound金属键 metallic bond金属组织 metal structure金属结构 metallic framework金属塑料复合材料 plastimets金属塑性加工 metal plastic?working金属陶瓷 metal ceramic金相显微镜 metallographic microscope, metalloscope 金相照片 metallograph晶胞cell晶格crystal lattice晶格常数 lattice constant晶格空位 lattice vacancy晶粒 crystal grain晶粒度 grain size晶粒细化 grain refining晶体结构 crystal structure聚四氟乙烯 polytetrafluoroethy lene (PTFE)聚合度 degree of polymerization聚合反应 polymerization绝热材料 heat-insulating material绝缘材料 insulating materialK抗拉强度tensile strength抗压强度 compression strength颗粒复合材料 particle composite扩散 diffusion, diffuseL老化 aging莱氏体 ledeburite冷变形 cold deformation冷加工 cold work, cold working冷却 cool, cooling冷作硬化 cold hardening离子 ion粒状珠光体 granular pearlite连续转变曲线continuous cooling transformation(CCT) curve 孪晶 twin crystal孪生 twinning, twin螺旋位错 helical dislocation洛氏硬度 Rockwell hardnessM马氏体 martensite (M)密排六方晶格 close-packed xagonal lattice (C.P.H.)面心立方晶格 face-centred cubic lattice (F.C.C.)摩擦 friction磨损 wear, abrade, abrasion模具钢 die steelMf 点 martensite finishing pointMs点 martensite starting pointN纳米材料 nanostructuredmaterials耐磨钢 wear-resisting steel耐磨性 wearability, wear resistance耐热钢 heat resistant steel , high temperature steel内耗 internal friction内应力 internal stress尼龙 nylon粘弹性 viscoelasticity凝固 solidify, solidification扭转强度 torsional strength扭转疲劳强度 torsional fatigue strengthP泡沫塑料 foamplastics, expanded plastics配位数 coordination number喷丸硬化 shot-peening疲劳强度 fatigue strength疲劳寿命 fatigue life片状马氏体 lamellar martensite, plate type martensite普通碳钢 ordinary steel, plain carbon steelQ气体渗碳 gas carburizing切变 shear切削 cut, cutting切应力 shearing stress球化退火 spheroidizing annealing球墨铸铁 nodular graphite cast iron, spheroidal graphitecast iron 球状珠光体 globular pearlite屈服强度 yielding strength, yield strength屈强比 yielding-to-tensile ratio屈氏体 troolstite (T)去应力退火 relief annealingR热处理 heat treatment热加工 hot work, hot working热喷涂 thermal spraying热固性 thermosetting热塑性 hot plasticity热硬性 thermohardening柔顺性 flexibility人工时效 artificial ageing刃具 cutting tool刃型位错 edge dislacation, blade dislocation韧性 toughness溶质 solute溶剂 solvent蠕变 creep蠕墨铸铁 quasiflake graphite cast iron软氮化 soft nitridingS扫描电镜 scanning electronmicroscope (SEM)上贝氏体 upper bainite渗氮 nitriding渗硫 sulfurizing渗碳 carburizing, carburization渗碳体 cementite (Cm)失效 failure石墨 graphite (G)时间-温度转变曲线 time temperaturetransformation (TTT) curve 时效硬化 age-hardening实际晶粒度 actual grain size使用寿命 service life使用性能 usability树枝状晶 dendrite树脂 resin双金属 bimetal, duplex metal水淬 water quenching, water hardening, water quench松弛 relax , relaxation塑料 plastics塑性 plasticity, ductility塑性变形 plastic deformation索氏体 sorbite (S)T弹簧钢 spring steel弹性 elasticity, spring弹性变形 elastic deformation弹性极限 elastic limit弹性模量 elastic modulus碳素钢 carbon steel碳含量 carbon content碳化物 carbide碳素工具钢 carbon tool steel陶瓷 ceramic陶瓷材料 ceramic material体心立方晶格 body-centered cubic lattice (B.C. C.) 体型聚合物 three-dimensional polymer调质处理 quenching and tempering调质钢 quenched and tempered steel铁碳平衡图 iron-carbon equilibrium diagram透明(结晶)陶瓷 crystalline ceramics同素异构转变 allotropic transformation涂层 coat, coating退火 anneal, annealing托氏体 troostite (T)W弯曲 bend, bending完全退火 full annealing微观组织 microstructure维氏硬度 Vickers hardness未经变质处理的 uninoculated温度 temperature无定形的 amorphous物理气相沉积 physical vapour deposition (PVD)X下贝氏体 lower bainite线型聚合物 linear polymer纤维 fibre, fiber纤维增强复合材料 filament reinforced composite显微照片 metallograph,microphotograph, micrograph 显微组织 microscopic structure, microstructure橡胶 rubber相 phase相变 phase transition相图 phase diagram消除应力退火 stress relief annealing形状记忆合金 Shape memory alloys形变 deformation性能 performance, propertyX射线结构分析 X-ray structural analysisY压力加工 press work精品文档亚共晶铸铁 hypoeutectic cast iron亚共析钢 hypoeutectoid steel氧化物陶瓷 oxide ceramics延伸率 elongation percentage盐溶淬火 salt both quenching液相 liquid phase应变 strain应力 stress应力场强度因子 stress intensity factror应力松弛 relaxation of stress硬质合金 carbide alloy, hard alloy油淬 oil quenching, oil hardening有机玻璃 methyl-methacrylate, plexiglass有色金属 nonferrous metal匀晶 uniform grain孕育处理 inoculation, modificationZ再结晶退火 recrystallization annealing载荷 load增强塑料 reinforced plastics针状马氏体 acicular martensite正火 normalize, normalization致密度 tightness支化型聚合物 branched polymer智能材料 intelligent materials中合金钢 medium alloy steel轴承钢 bearing steel轴承合金 bearing alloy珠光体 pearlite (P)柱状晶体 columnar crystal铸造 cast , foundry自然时效 natural ageing自由能 free energy组元 component, constituent组织 structureα钛合金αtitanium alloy— END —收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除。