高考英语语法最后30天精讲精练基本句型
高考英语语法要点细讲精练祈使句,反意疑问句和感叹句
高考英语语法要点(Dian)细讲精练祈使句,反意疑问句和感叹句【考纲(Gang)解读】从近几年的高考题可以看出，在四种简单句型中，考查的重点比较集中，主要考查反(Fan)意疑问句和祈使句.作为考查点，在全国卷及地方卷单项填空(Kong)中每年都以灵活、多变的形式出现.根据英语语言特点、简单句的考查(Cha)今后仍是热点.考查的重点是：祈使句和含有宾语从句的主从复合句的反意疑问句及句尾的附加成分等.主要考点有：1. 祈使句的判断2. 祈使句固定结构3. 反意疑问句一般用法及特殊用法【知识要点】一、简单句只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）的句子叫简单句.按照句子的功能，简单句可分为4类：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句.其中陈述句中的否定式、疑问句中的反意疑问句以及感叹句的结构多为考查重点，应重点掌握.以下将对此作重点分析.1.陈述句陈述句包括肯定式和否定式两种（肯定式暂略）.注意以下有关否定结构的问题：He had hardly any schooling before liberation.Not both of them want to go.（=Both of them don’t want to go.）All that glitters is not gold.None of these answers are/is correct.We don’t believe that he can do that.—?—I don’t suppose so./I suppose not./I suppose so.hope和be afraid的肯定和否定答语分别为：I hope so./I hope not.及I’m afraid so./I’m afraid not.2.疑问句疑问句分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句.现主要介绍反意疑问句构成.形式：句子+简短的疑问句（1）前面若有多个句子并列，则以最后一个句子为准；若前面部分为主从复合句，一般来说，以主句为准；但若主从复合句的主句谓语动词是think，believe，suppose，guess等，主语又是第一人称且为一般现在时、谓语又没有任何副词修饰时，简短疑问部分的动词、时态、人称则以从句为准，而肯、否定形式依主句而定.（2）前面句子含有must，can’t，may等表推测的词时，疑问部分则依据句子的时态及时间状语而定.（3）句子是let’s...时，后面用shall/shan’t we；前面部分是let us...祈使句时，后面用will/won’t you.（4）前面句子是I’m ...时，后面用aren’t I；句子是I’m not...时，后面用am I.（5）前面是感叹句时，后面跟感叹句的主谓一致，但用否定形式.（6）当主语是(Shi)anyone/anybody/everyone/everybody时，疑问部分用复数形式.否定、肯(Ken)定形式：（1）一般说来，前后两部分的否定、肯定形式相反；但当句子前有Oh，Ah，So等语(Yu)气词时，前面两部分的否定、肯定形式相同.（2）前面部分有否定词或半否定词时，后面部分用肯定形式(Shi)；但若前面部分含有由否定词缀构成的否定词时，后面部分还是用否定形式.There used to be a cinema here before the war，use（d）n’t there/didn’t there?Such things ought not to be allowed，ought they?e，does he?You don’t think he can finish the work by himself，do you?Have a cup of tea，will you?3.祈使(Shi)句表示请求、命令、叮嘱等.祈使句的主语是you，但一般被省略；当前面有呼语时，一般得补出主语you；否定式一般是前面加Don’t.在“祈使句+and/or/and then+句子”句型中，当祈使句中含有比较级时，可将祈使句中的谓语部分省略，只留下“比较级或比较级与名词+and/or/and then+句子”.Get up early tomorrow，or you’ll miss the first bus.4.感叹句how修饰形容词、副词或动词构成感叹句.如：How fluently she speaks English!what修饰名词或名词短语构成感叹句.如：What fun!What a lovely girl she is!【考点诠释】考点l 祈使句的判定和特点祈使句用来表达说话人的请求、命令、建议、劝告等.谓语动词用动词原形.其主语是you，往往省略.常见的祈使句句型如下：1．动词原形…如：①Lay down your arms!放下武器!②Be sure to get there before eight O’clock．一定要在8点前赶到那儿.2．Don’t或Never+动词原形．．．.如：Never go out alone at night！不要在夜晚单独出去！3．Do+动词原形…(此句型表示强调).如：Do tell her about it．务必将此事告诉她.4．主语+动词原形….如：Tom．you go and see what’S happening．汤姆，去看看发生什么事情了.You，girls，clean the desk；you，boys，sweep the floor．你们，女生擦桌子.你们，男生，打扫地板.5．祈使句+and/or+陈述句 (and表示顺承关系，or表示转折关系).如：①use your head，and you’11 find a good way．(=If you use your head，you’11 find a good way．)动动脑筋，你会找到一种好办法的.②Hurry up，or we’11 be late．(=If we don’t hurry up，we’11 be late．)快点，不然我们就迟到了.6．Be SO kind/good as+不定式…(此句型用来表达客气的请求，so kind/good as相(Xiang)当于kind/good enough).如：Be kind enough to lend me your dictionary．请把(Ba)你的字典借给我吧.考点2 反意疑(Yi)问句1．基(Ji)本结构如陈述部分为肯定形式，简短(Duan)问句为否定形式；如陈述部分为否定形式，简短问句为肯定形式.如：①It is a fine day，isn’t it?今天是个好天气，不是吗?②He isn’t a teacher，is he?他不是老师，对吗?特别提示前半部分为否定形式的反意疑问句的答语与汉语不同.如：一Tom doesn’t know it．does he?汤姆不知道这事，对吧? 一No．he doesn’t．/Yes，he does．对，他不知道./不，他知道.2．陈述部分如含有”never/hardly/scarcely/seldom/little/few/nobody/nothing…”等否定词或半否定词时，这部分应视为否定形式，简短问句就用肯定形式.如：He was hardly twelve then，was he?他当时几乎不到十二岁，是吗?3．陈述部分含有带”否定”前缀的词，则这部分应看做肯定形式，简短问句就用否定形式.如：she dislikes the way you work，doesn’t she?她不喜欢你的工作方式，对吗?4．祈使句的反意疑问句肯定的祈使句，简短问句用will you/won’t you；否定的祈使句，简短问句用will you.如：Have a little more coffee．will you/won’t you?再来点咖啡，好吗?5．陈述部分含有must表推测时的反意疑问句陈述部分中的must表”一定，想必”等推测意义时，要根据陈述句部分的真实结构，在简短问句中采用与其相符合的助动词形式.(1)对现在的推测：You must be hungry now，aren’t you?你此刻一定很饿，对吧?=I’m sure you’re hungry now，aren’t you?(2)对现在进行时的推测：He must be watching TV now，isn’t he?他现在一定在看电视，对吗?：I’m sure he is watching TV now，isn’t he?(3)对现在完成时的推测：Tom must have lived here for a long time．hasn’t he?Tom一定在这儿生活了很久，对吗=I’m sure Tom has lived here for a long time，hasn’t he?(4)对过去的推测：She must have arrived yesterday，didn’t she?她昨天一定来了，对吗=I’m sure she arrived yesterday，didn’t she?(陈述部分有表示过去的时间状语yesterday) 6．陈述部分的主语为this/that/everything等时，简短问句的主语用it.如：Everything is all right，isn’t it?一切准备就绪，是吗?7．陈述部分的主语为everyone/everybody/anyone/anybody/nobody/no one/someone等时，简短问句的主语用he，口语中也用they.如：Everyone knows the answer，doesn’t he/don’t they?每个人都知道这个答案，对吗?8．如陈述部分的谓语动词是wish，则简短问句用可提前的情态动词may.如：1 wish to call on you tonight，may I?我今晚想去拜访你，可以吗?9．陈述部分是there be句型时，简短问句的主语用there.如：There used to be a village near the mountain，usedn’t there?山的旁边曾经有一个山村，是吗10．在复合句的反意疑问句中，简短问句的主谓语须与主句的主谓语保持一致.如：e，isn’t it?你是第一次来这儿，对吗7特别提示如果陈述部分是I/We don’t think/believe/suppose/imagine+宾语从句，则简短问句的主语要与宾语从句的主语保持一致.如：I don’t think he is forty，is he?我认为他没有四十岁，是吗?考点3感叹句感叹句常表示说话时的惊讶、喜悦、气愤等情绪.感叹句常有以下几种情形：1．what式感叹句(1)What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!如：What a wonderful time we had yesterday!昨天我们玩得多开(Kai)心呀!(2)What+形(Xing)容词+复数名词+主语+谓语!如：What beautiful flowers they are!多美的花儿(Er)啊!(3)What+形容词+不可数名(Ming)词+主语+谓语!如：What fine weather it is!多好的(De)天气啊!2．how式感叹句(1)How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!如：How clever she is!她多么聪明呀!(2)How+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!如：How strange a feeling it was!多么奇怪的一种感情啊!3．省略式感叹句(1)how直接修饰谓语动词：How+主语+谓语!如：How we love our motherland!我们是多么热爱自己的祖国啊!(2)省略主语和谓语.如：What an interesting book!多有趣的一本书啊!4．特殊式感叹句①The design and the colours!多美的图案和色彩!②To sell such a suit as that to a millionaire!竟然把那样一套衣服卖给了一个百万富翁!【试题放送】1. 【2018池州市普通高中高三第一学期教学质监】—Do you still believe in love?—Absolutely. It is not time, money, power or whatever but love cures our pain.A．who B．which C．that D．what【答案】C【解析】考查强调句.这是一个“it is …that…”强调结构.强调部分为“not time, money, power or whatever but love”，里面使用了“not …but”结构.2. 【2018安徽宿州高三一次质检】—I am shocked at the news that many pupils were killedin the terrible traffic accident.—So am I. Little the safety of the poor children.A．did the local government care forB．the local government cared forC．did the local government care aboutD．the local government cared about【答案】C【解析】考查倒装和短语辨析.否定词little为否定副词，所以用部分倒装结构，故排除B和D.care for喜欢，care about在乎.答语句意为：我也很震惊，当地政府很少在意贫困儿童的安全.3. 【2018云南省部分名校一次统考】______ at the news that her eyes rained tears.A. So was Rebecca sadB. So sad was RebeccaC. So sad Rebecca wasD. Was Rebecca so sad【答案】B【解析】考查倒装.“so…that”结构中，so 和形容词提前，后面要用部分倒装结构.4. 【2018浙江温州高三期期末八校联考】Not only ______ a promise ,but she also kept it.A. did she makeB.she madeC. does she makeD. had she made【答案】A【解析】考查倒装句式. Not only提前，用部分倒装结构.句意为：他不仅许下了诺言，而且还坚守了诺言.5. 【2018·莱芜期末】Nowhere else, as his mother told us, _____ except the cabin in the backyard.A. did he goB. he did goC. went heD. he went【答案】A【解析】考查倒装.nowhere【意思是：没有一个地方】表示否定意义的副词位于句首要用部分倒装结构.6. 【2018池州市普通高中高三第一学期教学质监】—Do you still believe in love?—Absolutely. It is not time, money, power or whatever but love cures our pain.A．who B．which C．that D．what【答(Da)案】C【解析(Xi)】考查强调句.这是(Shi)一个“it is …that…”强调(Diao)结构.强调(Diao)部分为“not time, money, power or whatever but love”，里面使用了“not …but”结构.7. 【2018·金华十校期末】Are you free tonight? ______, I'd like you to meet Tom, my newfriend from the States．A．Even so B．When necessaryC．If not D．If so【答案】D【解析】考查替代.If so.意思是：如果这样的话.这里so替代的是上文的：you are free.8. 【2018·上海春招】 It was not until 1920 _______American women had the chance to vote in national elections.A. whenB. thatC. whereD. which【答案】B【解析】考查强调句型.此处not until 1920是被强调的部分.句意：直到1920年美国妇女才能在国家选举中有机会投票.9. 【2018江西丰、樟、高、宜四市联考】——He ought to have been warned of thedanger．——____, but he wouldn’t listen to me．A．yes, he ought to B．So he didC．So it was with him．D．So he was【答案】D【及解析】考查特殊句式. so+主语+助动词／系动词／情态动词表示“确实如此”.根据答语后半句可知空处表示他确实被警告了，因此选D项.10．【2018安徽宿州高三一次质检】—I am shocked at the news that many pupils were killed in the terrible traffic accident.—So am I. Little the safety of the poor children.A．did the local government care forB．the local government cared forC．did the local government care aboutD．the local government cared about【答案】C【解析】考查倒装和短语辨析.否定词little为否定副词，所以用部分倒装结构，故排除B和D.care for喜欢，care about在乎.答语句意为：我也很震惊，当地政府很少在意贫困儿童的安全.。
最新-2018高考英语 最后30天语法精讲 时态、语态 精品
2018高考英语最后30天语法精讲时态、语态时态的综合问题在说或写一句话时，通常要选择一个中心时态，这个中心时态影响其它时态，即时态要前后一致。
以“现在”为中心：若开始叙述或描述着眼于“现在”，则常以“现在”为起点，从而会出现一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时或一般将来时连用的情况。
Our post man usually delivers our arrival at 7 every morning. It (be) nearly lunchtime and the mail still (not arrive). I (suppose) the mail (come) soon. Perhaps he (be) ill.(is, hasn’t arrived, suppose, will come, is以“过去”为中心：若着眼于“过去”，则常以“过去某时”为基点，从而出现一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时和过去完成时连用的情况。
We lived in the street. They (build) houses all around us then. We (be) there for 10 years and (imagine) we (stay) there for the rest of our lives. (were building, had been, imagined, would stay)一般现在时1、所有或任何时候都发生的动作或情况，即重复发生的动作--- How often does she visit her parents?--- Twice a month.2、永恒的真理 Summer follows spring.3、①在条件或时间状语从句中I’ll let you know as soon as he gets there.②讨论计划和时间表或日程表时We leave at 11:15 and arrive at 17:50 tomorrow.4、固定词组如 I see（明白）、I hear（听说）、I think（认为、想）、I feel（感觉）以引出已经了解的情况I see there’s some trouble in London.现在进行时1、说话时正进行的动作或情况Someone’s knocking at the door. Can you answer it?2、发展中的或正在改变的情况The weather is getting better and better.3、任何时候都可能在进行中的事情I don’t like to be disturbed if I’m working.You look lovely when you’re smiling.4、表示将来①可用下列词：go, come, arrive, leave, startHe’s arriving tomorrow morning.②通过一个表示将来的的时间状语What are you doing this evening?5、现在进行时与一般现在时的对比①现在进行时用来谈论暂时的情况，一般现在时用来表示永久的情况，或经常发生的事情或习惯He’s not working very hard at the moment.（目前工作不努力）He doesn’t work very hard. （通常工作不努力）②讲故事、评论事情、解说体育运动等用一般现在时来叙述故事中一件又一件发生的事情Harrison shoots, but the ball hits the post andJackson clear.（哈里森射门，但是球碰倒柱子上，接着杰克逊解了围）一般将来时1、用will, shall 表示①决定：谈及正在作出的一项决定时，常用I’ll----I will，不能用be going to ,因为它表示事先就已经作出的决定---The phone’s ringing. ---I’ll answer it.---Come to a party. ---OK. I’ll bring my friend.②威胁和允诺：第一人称用will (‘ll)；第二人称用shallI’ll hit you if you do that again.He shall have a gift for Christmas.③提议和请求：用Shall I …?/Shall we…?表示提议；用Will you…?表示请求Shall I carry your bag? Will you give me a hand?④I will/ We will 表示有强烈意图、提议、坚持或自愿做某事；不能用shallI will stop smoking---I really will.2、用 be going to 表示①已经决定要做的事情We’re going to France next summer.②现在肯定讲会发生的事情Look at those clouds---it’s going to rain.③强烈的决心I’m going to keep asking her out until she says yes.3、用be about to do sth 表示最近的将来，“正要”，“马上就要”I am about to leave when there is a knock at the door.4、用be to do sth表示预定要做的事情The French President is to visit Japan next week5、be going to 与 will / shall 的对比①都可以表示预言Do you think the car will start / is going to start?②讲到条件时（即如果一事发生，另一事也就发生），用will / shall 对将来进行预测，不用be going to ，即使条件没有说出来If I give you money you’ll only spend it on drink.---Come out for a drink.---No, my TV program.A. I’m going to missB. I’ll miss (B)6、一般现在时及现在进行时表示将来的情况（见前面）现在完成时1、开始于过去并将持续到现在的动作，常与下列词连用：for…, since…, recently, lately,so far, all this year, up till now, etc.I’ve planted 14 trees so far this morning.---How are you today? ---Oh, I as ill as I do now for a long time. A.didn’t feel B. don’t feel C. wasn’t feeling D. haven’t felt(D) (NMET 2000)2、在过去某个不确定的时间发生的动作，但与现在有某种联系，因为我们所关心的是“现在”还存在着“过去”发生某事的结果，常和下列词连用：ever（问句或肯定句)，already(肯定句), never(否定句),yet(问句或否定句),before--- my glasses? ---Yes, I saw them on your bed a minute ago. A.Do you see B. Had you seen C. Would you see D. Have you seen(NMET86) (D)eg. 1)--Have you passed your test ?--Yes.--When did you pass it?--(I passed it) Last week.2) —Have you passed your test?--Not yet.--When will you pass it?-- Next week.对比： Have you seen this film? （曾经经过）Did you see this film ? （某特定时间）3、可表示反复性或习惯性，常与often, three times 等词连用I’ve watched him on TV several times.4、终止性动词可用完成时，但不能和for, how long 等时间词连用，此时常用替换词 This film has begunHow long has this film been on?begin borrow come die be on keep be here be deadjoin buy leavebe in have be away5、其它和现在完成时连用的词: just,in (within) the past (last) + 时间段；对比： He has just fallen downstairs.He fell downstairs just now.6、特殊结构①This is the first (most / only ) + n. + that-clauseThis is the best film I have ever seen.②It’s + 时间段+ since-clause (从句用过去时）It’s two years since he died.He has been dead for two years.He died two years ago.7、现在完成时与现在完成进行时现在完成进行时强调动作延续到未来或仍在进行.I’ve written an article. （已完成）I’ve been writing an article. （还在写）一般过去时1、过去已经完成的动作、结束的事情，或在过去重复发生的动作When I was a child we always went to the seaside in August.2、used to :表示过去的习惯，现在不存在I used to smoke, but I don’t any more.3、用在it’s time, would rather, wish后面的从句中It’s time you went home.I wish I had a better memory.I’d rather you came tomorrow.4、在从句中用来说明现在还存在着“过去”的情况I’m sorry we left Paris. It was such a nice place.5、could, might, would, should等“过去”的情态动词可用来指现在或者将来Could you help me for a moment ?I think it might rain soon.Would you come this way, please ?Alice should be here soon.6、一般过去时与现在完成时在时间上的比较①现在完成时所用的时间词:since, ever since, for…, recently, lately, so far, yet, all this year, all my life, ever, never, already, before, just, in / during the last /past + 时间段, etc.②一般过去时所用的时间词yesterday, last week, in 1999, when, years ago, then, just now, etc.过去进行时1、过去某时正发生的事情What were you doing yesterday at seven p. m. ?2、在一个句子里，过去进行时常与一般过去时连用，此时，进行时表示较长的正在进行的动作，而一般时表示较短暂的动作或事情The phone rang while I was having my bath.When she arrived, I was telephoning Harry.When she arrived, I telephoned Harry. (到后做)The reporter said that the UFO was traveling to west when he saw it.3、可用while强调同时进行的两种或几种动作While I was working in the garden, my wife was cooking dinner.过去将来时１、从过去的观点来看未来，常用在宾语从句中或间接引语中Last week he (promise) that (come) today, but he (not arrive) yet.(promised / would come / hasn’t arrived )2、过去将来时的其它主要形式was / were going to was / were about toWe were just going to ( about to ) leave when Tom fell and hurt his ankle.过去完成时１、过去发生的两个动作，先发生的用过去完成时With their help I realized that I had been wrong.2、过去某时以前发生的动作或情况He hasn’t finished yet.He didn’t finish yesterday evening.He hadn’t finished by yesterday evening.3、常用过去完成时的情况①No sooner…than…. Hardly…when…No sooner had he begun his speech than he was interrupted②expect, hope, think, want, suppose等动词的过去完成时（或一般时）表示想做而未做的事I had planned to send him a telegram, but I didn’t manage it.4、使用过去完成时的必要性和非必要性①句意十分清楚时，可用一般时After I finished, I went home.②常用一般过去时表示依次发生的动作I got out of the taxi, paid the fare（车费) and managed it.③有时必须明确，特别是含when时When I arrived, Ann left.(同时见到）（见到Ann)When I arrived, Ann had left.（先后发生）（没见到）5、常用过去完成时的时间主状语by the end of + 过去时间； by + 过去时间by the time + 过去时间；过去时间 + before比较：By the time he was 11, he had learned 3000 words .By the time he is 11, he will have learned 3000 words.By the time last week, I had learned 3000 words.By the time next week, I will have learne d 3000 words语态１、含有被动意义的主动动词sell wash write readThe new type (of ) TV receiver sells well.This book reads interesting.The pen writes quite smoothly.This (kind of) cloth washes very well.This cloth is washed. (洗好了）２、常用被动结构的动词be born be married be obliged be hurt be caught in the rain be covered withI was caught in the rain on the way back.３、主动表示被动的情况①知觉动词＋ adj.The material feels very soft.The music sounds too loud.②非谓语动词A. need want require be worthYour coat wants mending ( to be mended).B. Subj. + be + adj. + to do (vt.)The chair is comfortable to sit on★ be to blame (该受责备）C. There beThere are six letters to write (to be written).③ prove -vi. （被）证明是He will prove (to be) the winner.４、get + p. p.She got caught in the rain.From then on, her leg got treated four times a day.5、（人）+ be + 情感动词-edbe surprised (astonished, etc. ) at (with ….)His words astonished everyone in the room.→ Everyone was astonished at his words.be delighted at (with); be pleased at (by, with );be tired of (from); be satisfied with;be worried about; be interested in;be frightened ( terrified) at６、自动和它动很多动词既可以用vt. 又可以用vi, 但要注意：The door opened ( by itself). The door was opened.The village since we last visited it.A. has changedB. has been changed (A)The planned has been changed.7、被动语态 + by (with) + 行为主体by 后接人或物做某事with 后接手段、方式、工具He was killed by a falling stoneHe was killed with a knife.８、注意下列被动形式①be being done② have been done ③ be going to beThe bridge is said to be being built.The bridge is said to have been built.EXERCISES 11. --Nancy is not coming tonight. --But she !A. promisedB. promisesC. will promiseD. had promised2. They the train until it disappeared in the distance.A. sawB. watchedC. noticedD. observed3. it with me and I’ll see what I can do.A. When leftB. LeavingC. If you leaveD. Leave4.Shirley a book about China last year but I don’t knowwhether she has finished it. A. has written B. wroteC. was writingD. had written5.Cleaning women in big cities usually get by the hour.A. payB. paidC. payingD. to pay6. I first met Lisa three years ago. She at a radio shop atthe time. A. has worked B. had been working 1—6 (ABDCBB)C. was workingD. had worked7. him and then try to copy what he does.A. WatchB. Glance atC. Stare atD. Mind8. Hundreds of jobs if the factory closes.A. loseB. will be lostC. are lostD. will lose9. --Hi, Tracy, you look tired. --I am tired. I the living room.all day. A. painted B. had paintedC. have been paintedD. have painted10. --Is this raincoat yours ? --No, mine there behindthe door. A. hangs B. has hung C. is hanging D. hung11.--Alice , why didn’t you come yesterday ?--I , but I had an unexpected visitor. 7-12 (ABCCCD)A. hadB. wouldC. was going toD. did12. --Who is Jerry Cooper ? -- ? I saw you shakinghands with him at the meeting. A. Don’t you meet him yetB. Hadn’t you met him yetC. Didn’t you meet him yetD. Haven’t you met him yet13. Visitors not to touch the exhibits. A. requestB. are requestedC. will requestD. are requesting14. –You’ve left the light on. --Oh, so I have, and turn it off.A. I’m goingB. I’ll goC. I goD. I’ve gone15. --Do you think the STARS will beat the BULLS?--Yes. They have better players, so I them to win.A. hopeB. expectC. preferD. want16. –Hey, look where you are going ! – Oh, I’m terribly sorry. .A. I’m not noticingB. I haven’t noticedC. I wasn’t noticingD. I don’t notice17. I’ve won a holiday for two to Florida. I my mum.A. am takingB. have takenC. takeD. will have take18. The price , but I doubt whether it will remain so.A. went downB. will go down 13-18 (BBBCAC)C. has gone downD. was going down19. Books of this kind well.A. sellB. sellsC. are soldD. is sold20.--Why haven’t you bought any butter?-- I to but I forgot about it.A. likedB. wishedC. meantD. expected21. A new cinema here. They hope to finish it next month.A. will be builtB. is builtC. has been builtD. is being built22.Have a good rest, you need to your energy for the tennismatch this afternoon. A. leave B. save C. hold D. get23. Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while, but soon tohis old way. A. returned B. will return C. was returning24. --You ‘re drinking too much. --Only at home. Noone me but you. A. is seeing B. had seenC. seesD. saw 19-24(ACDBAC)25. As we joined the big crowd I got from my friends.A. lostB. sparedC. separatedD. missed26. Nick is looking for another job because he feels thatnothing he does his boss. A. servesB. satisfiesC. promisesD. supports27. All the preparations for the task , and we’re ready to start.A. completedB. completeC. had been completedD. have been completed28. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technologyso rapidly. A. is changingB. has changedC. will have changedD. will change29. I ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year.A. will playB. have playedC. playedD. play30. The new suspension bridge by the end of last month.A. has been designedB. had been designedC. was designedD. would be designed 25-30(CBDADB)31. Time will whether I made the right choice or not.A. seeB. sayC. knowD. tell32. The rubber plantation as far as the river.A. advancesB. extendsC. liesD. develops33. He came to my class every week, but his attitude he was not reallyinterested in the subject.A. exp ressedB. describedC. explainedD. suggested34. E-mail, as well as telephones, an important part in daily communication.A. is playingB. have playedC. are playingD. play35. Mother told Jim to the milk until it boiled and then turn off the gas.A. observeB. watchC. noticeD. glance 31-36(DBDABD)36. The manager has to improve the working conditions in the company. A.accepted B. allowed C. permitted D. agreed37. In some parts of the world, tea with milk and sugar.A. is servingB. is servedC. servesD. served38.I don’t think Jim saw me; he into space.A. just staredB. was just staringC. has just staredD. had just stared39. --Can I join your club, Dad ? --You can when you a bit older.A. getB. will have gotC. will getD. will have got40.I don’t really work here, I until the new secretary arrives.A. just help outB. have just helped outC. am just helping outD. will just help out41.--Can I help you, sir ?--Yes, I bought this radio here yesterday, but it .A. didn’t workB. won’t workC. can’t workD. doesn’t work42. As she the newspaper, Granny asleep.A. read, was fallingB. was reading, fellC. was reading, was fallingD. read, fell 37-42(BBACDB)43. Tom into the house when no one .A. slipped; was lookingB. had slipped; lookedC. slipped; had lookedD. was slipping; looked44. We were all surprised when he made it clear that he office soon.A. leavesB. would leaveC. leftD. had left45. --Your phone number again ? I quite catch it.--It’s 9568427. A. didn’t B. couldn’t C. don’t D. can’t46. --I’m sorry to keep you waiting.--Oh, not at all. I here only a few minutes.A. have beenB. had beenC. was47. The pen I I is on my desk right under my nose.A. think; lostB. thought; had lostC. think; had lostD. thought; have lost48.Helen her key in the office so she had to wait until her husband home.A. had left; comesB. left; had comeC. had left; cameD. had left; would 43-48(ABAABC)49. You don’t need to describe her. I her several times.A. had metB. have metC. metD. meet50. When Jack arrived he learned Mary for about an hour.A. had goneB. had set offC. had leftD. had been away51. --How long watch other before they married ?--For about a year. A. did they know; were going to getB. have the y known; getC. do they know; are going to getD. had they known; got52. --Do you know our town at all ? --No, this is the first time I here.A. wasB. am goingC. cameD. have been53.-- the sports meet might be put off. --yes, it all depends on the weather.A. I’ve been toldB. I’ve toldC. I’m toldD. I told54. --Have you moved into the new house? --Not yet. The rooms . A.are being painted B. are paintingC. are paintedD. are being painting 49-54 (BDDDAA)EXERCISE 2 （改错，每句一错，可根据时态增减若干词）1.Remember to send me a photo of your son the nexttime you will write to me.2. By the time he leaves Beijing, he had received 889 letters.3. She was a bit nervous as she has never spoke in public.4.--Did Mr. Baker go to Japan last year?--No, he’d never been there.5. The last time I have seen Jane she was picking cotton in the field.6. If you don’t come to the office, I’ll go to your house and will find out whyyou are not at work.7. Hello! I don’t know you were in London. How long have you been here ?8. --When will he come again? --When he will come, I’ll let you know.9. Tom fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurted himself10. It isn’t long before such a thing happens again.11. He has been to the West Lake twice in 1996.12. Who is coming to school earliest in your class every morning?13. --How did you like the film?--I never saw such a wonderful one.14.The key to my car was missing. I have looked for it everywhere15. We’ll come to any decision until we will have a chance to discuss the problem thoroughly.16. Don’t get that ink on your shirt , for it doesn’t wash out.17. The scientists had been to Australia and he will give us a talk when he comes back.18. While you re st, I will read you today’s newspaper.19.In the past three years, he had visited the country five times.20.Look at this ! I was going through some old photos and find this baby picture.21. I wanted to help you but couldn’t get there in time.22. Whenever I visit him, he works in the lab.23. Textbooks required to come in time.24.By the end of next July this task will have finished.25. Come and sit down by the fire, Your hand is felt so cold.26. The harder you will work, the greater progress you make.27. The book was received so eagerly that it sold out on the first day.28. Jackson was wanting to work in a factory though he hated serving there.29. --Did yo u enjoy l ast night’s concert?--Yes, though the last piece played rather poorly.30. The Anti-Japanese War was broken out in 1937 and it lasted eight years.31. Great changes have been taken place in our city, and some schools have been set up.1.you write to me2. left Beijing3. she had never4. he’s never been5. I saw Jane6. and find out7. I didn’t know8. When he comes9. hurt himself 10. It won’t be long 11. He went to 12. Who comes to 13. I have never seen 14. is missing 15. we have a 16. for it won’t wash17. has gone to 18. you are resting 19. he has visited 20. and found this 21. I had wanted to 22. he is working 23. are required 24. been finished 25. feels so 26. you work 27. was sold out 28. was wanted to 29. was played 30. War broke out 31. have taken place。
【高考】高考英语最后30天语法精讲非谓语动词
【关键字】高考2013高考英语最后30天语法精讲非谓语动词动词大概式一、大概式在句子中的作用主语A. It is(was) + adj.(n.) + to do sthB. It + vt. + n.(pron.) + to do sthIt’s often difficult for me to decided what to do .It made us very angry to hear him talk like that.表语A. 表示预定要发生的动作或未来的可能性或假设B. 说明主语的内容C. 用于正式的指示或命令He is to return from tomorrow.My job is to wash plates.Three tablets are to be taken twice a day.宾语A. 接动词大概式做宾语(afford, agree, decide, expect, happen,hope, wish, refuse, etc.)They expected to see the boss soon.B. Subj. + vt. + it + adj.(n.) to do sth.Do you consider it better not to go ?宾语补足语基本结构：Subj. + vt. + sb. + to do sth.(allow, ask, order, want, expect, force, etc)They expected the girl to succeed in the examination.状语表示目的、结果和原因等We live to serve the people.Let’s hurry so as not to be late for the meeting.What have I said to make you so excited ?We jumped with joy to hear the news.定语A. 动宾关系(大概式修饰的词是大概式动作逻辑上的宾语)Do you have anything more to say? (n. + to do.)There is nothing to worry about. (n. + to vi + prep.)Let’s find a room to put the bike in. (n. + to n. +p.)We haven’t a chair to be seated in. (n.+ to be v-ed +p.)I have a letter to write.I have a pen to write with.I have no ink to write in.I have no paper to write on.B. 主谓关系(大概式修饰的词是大概式逻辑上的主语)He isn’t a man to bow before difficulties.She was the first person to think of the idea.C.纯粹定语(被修饰词通常是time, way等）It’s time to go home.Is that the best way to solve the problem?二、TO代替整个动词大概式当动词大概式重复前面的某个动词时，可以使用to代替，而省略该动词。
高考英语语法最后30天精讲精练最后突破(含答案)
高考英语语法最后30天精讲精练基本句型英语的五种基本句型结构：★主语+ 不及物动词(SV)★主语+ 连系动词(SVC)★主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语(SVO)★主语+ 及物动词+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语(SVOD)★主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语(SVOC)1.S + VHe works. He is studying.①主语＋谓语(vi.) ＋状语(从句)The sun sets in the west. He went nowhere②主语＋谓语(vi.) ＋名词短语We had come a long way. He waited (for) two years.2. S + V + CHe is a student / in yellow / there…①主语+ be + 表语表语由下列词充当：名词、形容词、副词、介词（短语）、动词不定式、分词（短语）、动名词、从句等②主语+ 其它连系动词+ 表语这些连系动词包括：appear,continue, feel, go(变成), keep, lie(处于…状态), look, prove, remain,seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, become, come, fall, get, grow, turnBob lay sick.His dream comes true.3. S + V + OAn idea struck me.①主语＋谓语(v. + prep)＋宾语It depends on the weather. 备用词：act as, agree on / with / to, arrive in (at), come across, base on, break into, suffer from, lead to,prefer to, think of, fire at, reach for, quarrel about, worry about②主语＋谓语(v. + adv.)＋宾语I thought over the plan. I thought it over.备用词：bring out (up), think out, turn off (on , out, down), give inNOTICE:●v + adv. + prep. get along with, add up to, do away with,break away with, keep up with, go ahead with, go through with●v. + n. + prep make use of, make fun of, catch sight of,take care of, take the place of, take a look at, take pride in③主语＋谓语＋宾语＋介词＋宾语The teacher punished him for being late.Congratulate him on his success. Compare this with that.4. S + V + O + D (间接宾语由代词和名词充当)①主语+ 谓语+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语Will you lend me your pen, please ?She bought him many toys.②主语+ 谓语+ 直接宾语+ 介词+ 代词或名词Will you lend your pen to me, please ?She bought many toys for him.备用词：pay, give, hand, sell, pass, offer, explain, sing, leave5.S + V + O + C宾语和宾补之间的关系有两种：●主表关系；●主谓关系。
高三英语语法总复习《句子成分和基本句型的讲解》
句子包括哪些成分？Fra bibliotek现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、 状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、谓语 （predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语 （attribute）、状语(adverbial) 和补语（complement）。 英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、 省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基 础。
You’ll be all right soon.
You don’t look very well.
I feel rather cold.
2012-7-15 16
He seems to be ill. It appears that he is unhappy. The roses smell sweet. The mixture tasted horrible. How sweet the music sounds!
2012-7-15
The day turned out (to be) a fine one. 17
第二类：表示从一种状态到另一种状态的 变化，有become， get， grow， turn， fall， go， come， run等。
He became a world-famous scientist. It is getting warmer and warmer.
2012-7-15
I think that he is good guy.
8
宾语补足语
• 在英语中，有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思， 还必须在宾语后面家上宾语补足语才能表达完整的意 思．它起补充说明宾语干什么，怎么样的作用． • 它可以由名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，现 在分词和过去分词充当． • If you let me go, I’ll make you king.
[全]高考英语语法精讲与精练-形容词和副词[全考点]
![[全]高考英语语法精讲与精练-形容词和副词[全考点]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/3e10b3dbccbff121dc3683b0.png)
高考英语语法精讲与精练-形容词和副词一、形容词和副词讲前练：用所给单词的适当形式填空For many people,life is a lot [1]_____(easy)today.Medicine and diet are improving[2]______(quick),and people are getting [3]________(healthy) and living [4]______(long). But the area of life that is changing [5]___________(quickly) of all is communication. Fifty years ago, computers were much [6]_______ (big) and less [7]_________ (power) than they are now. Today, we use the internet, so we can communicate [8]___________(easy) with friends all over the world.Not all the changes are [9]___________(well) ones. More people drive cars instead of riding bikes, so they aren’t as [10]_________(fitness) as they were. Traffic doesn’t just make the roads [11]_______ (crowd), it also makes pollution [12]__________ (bad). We must all think [13]_________(careful) about how we can use [14]___________ (little) energy. We must all work [15]_________ (hardly) to reduce pollution. Keys:1.easier 2.quickly 3.healthier 4.longer 5.(the)most quickly 6.bigger 7.powerful 8.easily 9.good 10.fit11.crowded 12. worse 13.carefully 14.less 15.hard二、形容词考点精讲：形容词考点1、形容词的基本特征与功能1、作定语一般位于被修饰名词的前面（修饰不定代词时放在不定代词的后面）A sunny day阳光明媚的一天a kind person 一个和蔼可亲的人A funny story 一个滑稽可笑的故事classical music 古典音乐I have something interesting to tell you.以a开头的表语形容词(alive、afraid、alike、asleep)或形容词短语作定语时放在被修饰词的后面。
高考英语 最后30天语法精讲 代词
2013高考英语最后30天语法精讲代词一、人称代词1、多个人称代词的排列顺序：①you and I ②he and I ③you and he④you, he and I ⑤you, they and we(情况多)2、It 的用法①代替this, thatThat’s a book, isn’t it ?②做某动作的人或婴儿---Someone is coming. Who can it be ?---It may be Jack.It’s a lovely baby. Is it a boy or a girl?③表示时间、距离、自然现象It’s 20 miles to (from) Paris.3、简略回答中用so, not, it 的情况：①肯定答语中，下列动词后面常用so:think, hope, believe, I’m afraid, It seems (appears), etc.---Is it true that he had a heart attack?---I’m afraid so. / I believe so. / It seems so.②否定答语中用not:---Has Anne got into university?---I’m afraid not. / I think not. / It seems not.③协力动词中也可以用not…so:believe, think, suppose, expect, etcI don’t believe so. / I don’t think so.④do代替上下文动词，并且表示一个已完成的动作时，do后常用so / it:---Please lay the table.---I’ve just done so (it).二、指示代词★that, one, it的区别①one 代替可数名词，表示泛指; the one 表示特指; that代替不可数名词，表示特指; 它们都可以代替前面提到的同一类事物; it指前面提到的同一事物。
高考英语 最后30天语法精讲 介词 教案
2013高考英语最后30天语法精讲介词1．be + adj. + prep.be good at, be afraid of, be anxious about (of), be kind to, be fit for, etc.2. be + v.-ed + prep.be satisfied with, be worried about, be surprised at, be pleased at (by)3. v. + prep.agree with (to / on), apologize for, arrive at (in), believe in, depend on 4. v. + n. + prep.pay attention to, take part in, make use of, have a word with5. v. + adv. + prep.go on with, go in for, go ahead with, keep up with, make up for6. prep. + n. + prep.in charge of, in time of, in place of, on top of, at the end (edge) of7. out of + n.out of breath, out of control, out of date, out of sight, out of work (order)8. n. + after + n.hour after hour, year after year, battle after battle, defeat after defeat 9. n. + by + n.step by step, side by side, one by one10. n. + to + n.face to face, heart to heart11. n. + in + n.hand in hand, arm in arm12. from + n. + to + n.from side to side, from place to place, from door to door13. a + n. + ofa bit of, a great deal of, a few of, a drop of, a line of14. with + n.with a long history, with satisfaction (care), with pleasure, with one’s help 15. on + n.on a trip (journey), on a visit (to), on fire, on business, on sale, on watch on the team, on show, on duty, on foot16. without + n.without help, without mercy, without delay17. in + n.in silence, in danger (trouble, surprise, fear), in high spirits, in love (return)18.as + n.as a matter of fact, as a rule, as a whole19. by + n.by now (then), by hand, by mistake, by this means, by chance, by the year 20. at + n.at sea, at sunset, at Christmas, at the doctor’s, at the station, at a time 21. for + n.for a moment, for a time, for ever, for example22. to + n. (… + to )to one’s delight (joy, surprise), to the east (west), to the right, due to, thanks to, according to, to this dayEXERCISE 1 (单选)1. The home improvements have taken what little there is my sparetime. A. from B. in C. of D. at2. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happenedto . A. be put up B. give in C. be turned on D. go out3. Would you slow down a bit, please ? I can’tyou.A. keep up withB. put up withC. make up toD. hold on to4. Your performance in the driving test didn’t reach the required standard---, you failed. A. in the end B. after allC. in other wordsD. at the same time5.production up by 60%, the pany has had another excellentyear. A. As B. For C. With D. Through6. Shehis number in the phone book to make sure that she had got itright. A. looked up B. looked for C. picked out D. picked up7. I don’t think I’ll need any money but I’ll bring some .A. at lastB. in caseC. once againD. in time (CDACCAB)8.The train leaves at 6:00 pm. So I have to be at the station5:40 pmat the least. A. until B. after C. by D. around9. You’d bettersome money for special use.A. pick upB. set asideC. put offD. give away10. Readers canquite well without knowing the exact meaning ofeach word. A. get over B. get in C. get along D. get through11. If you keep on , you’ll succeed . A. in timeB. at one timeC. on the same timeD. on time12. We offered him our congratulationshis passing the collegeentrance exams. A. at B. on C. for D. of13.--- Will somebody go and get Dr. White ? ---He’s already been .A. asked forB. sent forC. called forD. looked for14. I was tired climbing up the mountain, and I am tired havingthe same food every day.A. from, ofB. of, atC. in, ofD. at, with15. Rose was wild with joythe result of the examination.A. toB. atC. byD. as (CBCABBAC)EXERCISE 2 (改错，每句一错）1.There are some monkeys on anapple tree on which there are many apples.( in an apple tree)2. Water usually freezes when temperature is under zero and ice changesinto water again when the temperature rises above zero. (below zero)3. Mr. Smith asked the students to retell the story with their own words.( in their words)4. In the end he told us the key to his success by winning the first prize.(in winning)5. Taiwan is in the east of Fujian and in the southeast of China. (to the east)6.In reaching the village, we were warmly weled by the villagers.(On reaching)7. The two girls were in the same age. (at the same)8. He drove away to the direction of London. ( in the direction)9. We shouldn’t judge a person with his looks and clothes. (by his looks)10. She has been teaching in this school from 1960. (since 1960)。
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2015高考英语语法最后30天精讲精练基本句型英语的五种基本句型结构：★主语+ 不及物动词(SV)★主语+ 连系动词(SVC)★主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语(SVO)★主语+ 及物动词+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语(SVOD)★主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语(SVOC)S + VHe works. He is studying.①主语＋谓语(vi.) ＋状语(从句)The sun sets in the west. He went nowhere②主语＋谓语(vi.) ＋名词短语We had come a long way. He waited (for) two years.2. S + V + CHe is a student / in yellow / there…①主语+ be + 表语表语由下列词充当：名词、形容词、副词、介词（短语）、动词不定式、分词（短语）、动名词、从句等②主语+ 其它连系动词+ 表语这些连系动词包括：appear,continue, feel, go(变成), keep, lie(处于…状态), look, prove, remain,seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, become, come, fall, get, grow, turnBob lay sick.His dream comes true.3. S + V + OAn idea struck me.①主语＋谓语(v. + prep)＋宾语It depends on the weather. 备用词：act as, agree on / with / to,arrive in (at), come across, base on, break into, suffer from, lead to,prefer to, think of, fire at, reach for, quarrel about, worry about②主语＋谓语(v. + adv.)＋宾语I thought over the plan. I thought it over.备用词：bring out (up), think out, turn off (on , out, down), give in NOTICE:●v + adv. + prep. get along with, add up to, do away with, break away with, keep up with, go ahead with, go through with●v. + n. + prep make use of, make fun of, catch sight of,take care of, take the place of, take a look at, take pride in③主语＋谓语＋宾语＋介词＋宾语The teacher punished him for being late.Congratulate him on his success. Compare this with that.4. S + V + O + D (间接宾语由代词和名词充当)①主语+ 谓语+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语Will you lend me your pen, please ?She bought him many toys.②主语+ 谓语+ 直接宾语+ 介词+ 代词或名词Will you lend your pen to me, please ?She bought many toys for him.备用词：pay, give, hand, sell, pass, offer, explain, sing, leave5. S + V + O + C宾语和宾补之间的关系有两种：●主表关系；●主谓关系。
宾语可由形容词、副词、介词、动词不定式充当主表：①I find the book interesting. (主谓宾＋形容词)②I saw him there. (主谓宾＋副词)③I found the book on the desk.(主谓宾＋介词)④We elected him monitor. (主谓宾＋名词)主谓：①They saw the thief running away. (主谓宾+ 现在分词）②Where did you see him knocked down?(主谓宾＋过分词)③What makes you think so ?(主谓宾＋动词不定式)It句型1. It + be + adj. + (for sb) to do sth →sth + be + adj. + to doIt is not easy to learn English. (English is not easy to learn.)备用词：difficult, necessary, important, quick, hard, etc.2. It + be + adj. + of sb to do sth →sb. + be + adj. + to do sthIt was foolish of Tom to sell such a suit as that to a millionaire.(Tom was foolish to sell such a suit as that to a millionaire.)备用词：wise, clever, bright, kind, nice, silly, stupid, cruel, etc.3. It takes sb + some time + to do sth →sb spends time in doing sthIt took him two days to find the elephant.(He spent two days in finding the elephant.)4. It is no use doing sth.It is no use regretting your past mistakes.备用词：no good, useless, etc.5. It costs sb. + money + to do sthIt cost them 36,000 francs to buy the necklace.→The necklace cost them 36,000 francs .They spent 36,000 franc on the necklace.They spent 36,000 francs (in) buying the necklace.They paid 36,000 francs for the necklace.They bought the necklace for 36,000 francs.6. It + be + adj. (n.) + that-clauseIt is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree.It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.备用词：natural, surprising, true, wonderful, etc.7.It + be + adj. + that-clause (should do sth)It is necessary that he (should) be present at the meeting.备用词：strange, important,impossble8. It + be + p.p. + that-clauseit is said that he has been ill for years. (He is said to have been…)备用词：reported, known, believed, decided, announced, etc.9. It + be + p.p. + that-clause (should do sth.)It is demanded that the homework (should) be finished at once.备用词：ordered, suggested, required, requested, etc.10. It seems + that-clause →sb. + seems + to do sth.It seems that they are talking. (They seem to be talking.)备用词：happen11. It is + some time since-clause →sb. has + p.p. + for timeIt is three years since he came here. (He has been here for years.)12. It is + 被强调部分+ that (who)It is through struggle that we learn this truth.13. It + be time + for sth / to do sth. / that-clauseIt is time for supper. It is time to have supper.It is time that we should have supper.It is time that we had supper.14. It + be + long(时间段）+ before-clauseIt will not be long before we turn our hope into reality.15. It is (just) like sb. to do sth.该句型为“某人（恰恰）是。
这个样子”。
用来表示赞扬或不满，若用否定式，则表示怀疑。
It’s like him to leave the work to others.他就是这样的一个人，把工作推给别人。
It isn’t like him to have said anything like that.他可不是说出那种话的人。
16. It is up to sb. to do sth.该句型为“该由某人做。
”。
该句型中up后的to是介词。
There Be结构1、主谓一致：There is a pen and two books on the desk.2、反意问句：There used to be a well there, use(d)n’t / didn’t there?3、各种时态：There will be a film this afternoon.There is going to be a lecture tomorrow.There have been great change in our city since 1988.4、there be中的非谓语形式：There are a lot of students waiting outside.There were eleven people killed in this accident.There’s someone at the door to see you.(There being no bus, we had to walk home.)5、含情态动词：There must (may, might) be rain tomorrow.There ought to be no trouble6、与其它动词连用：There seems to be a reason for changing their plan.There are likely to be more difficulties than expected.There happens to be nobody in the room.I don’t want there to be any trouble.7、there + v.There goes the bell.On the hill (there) stands a house.8、There is no denying the fact + that从句（不可否认的......）例句：不可否认的，我们的生活质量已经每况愈下。