自考00522英语国家概况模拟试题及答案5
2023年高等教育自学考试英语国家概况试卷
绝密★考试结束前2023年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语国家概况试卷(课程代码 00522)本试卷共8页，满分l00分，考试时间l50分钟。
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2．第一部分为选择题。
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3．第二部分为非选择题。
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第一部分选择题ⅠMULTIPLE CHOICERead the following unfinished statement or questions carefully.For each unfinished statement or question,four suggested answers marked A,B,C and D are given.Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question.Blacken the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.(50 points,1 point each)1.The Vikings,who came from ,atacked carious parts of England from the end of the 8th century.A.NorwayB.FranceC.GermanyD.Denmark2.The Celts began to arrive at Britain around and kept coming until the arrical of the Romans.A.600BCB.600ADC.700BCD.700AD3.Among the Bristish kings, was known as “the confessor”because of his religious piety.A.Henry ⅡB.King AlfredC.King HaroldD.King Edward4.The Domesday Book states all the following EXCEPT .A.the history of the landB.the ownership of the landC.the value of the landD.the extent of the land5.The spirit of Magna Carta was .A.the increasing of the powers of serfsB.the limitation of the powers of the kingC.the increasing of the powers of the Church.D.the limitation of the powers of the Church.6.The causes of the Hundred Years’s War was partly and partly economic.A.racialB.politicalC.religiousD.territorial7.In British history,the First Civil War broke out in .A.1640B.1642C.1645D.16498.The main causes for Henry Ⅷ’s religious reform of the Church were the following EXCEPT .A.pressure from the popeB.Henry’s need for moneyC.accumulated desire for change and reform in the ChurchD.public resentment for the pricvilege and wealth of the clergy9. was the only monarch that was condemned to death and executed in British history.A.Charles ⅠB.CharlesⅡC.JamesⅠD.JamesⅡ10.A good result of the argricultural enclosure was that .A.renants were ecicred from their lands.B.riots erupted in many areas where the peasant farmers wentC.a new class hostility was introduced into tural relationshiosD.farms became bigger and bigger units as the great bought up the small11.The Industrial Revolution refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequent changes in social and economic organization in Britain in the .te 16th century and early 17th centuryte 17th century and early 18th centuryte 18th century and early 19th centuryte 19th century and early 20th century12.Which of the following is TRUE about Britain in World War Ⅱ?A.It lost all her natonal wealth .B.It was left gravely impoverished.C.It devoted half of her strength to the war.D.It entered a period of economic and financial boom.13. ,who found that his policy of appeasement of German aggression was no longer tenable ,was forced to declare war on Germany on Setember 3,1939.A.ChurchillB.GeorgeⅥC.ChamberlainD.ElizabethⅡ14.In January 1973,Britain finally because a full member of the .monwealthB.European Economic CommunityC.North Atlantic Treaty Organizationanization of Petroleum Exportiong Countries15.The interval between General Elections in the U.K.is years.A.2B.4C.5D.816.The two major parties in Britain since 1945 are .A.the Whig Party and the Tory PartyB.the Labor Party and the Liberal Party.C.the Labor Party and the Conservative Party.D.the Conservative Party and the Liberal Party17.In the U.K.,government ministers are responsible collectively to for all Cabinet decisions.A.the QueenB.the ParliamentC.the Privy CouncilD.the Prime Minister18.In Britain, is the largest of the Free Churches ,originated in the 18th century following the evangelical revival under John Wesley(1703-1791).A.the Methodist ChurchB.the Baptist ChurchD.the Church of England D.the Church of Scotland19.Which of the following is NOT a feature of the Open University?A.It is a non-residential university.B.It is open to all to become students.C.It admits students only from Britain.D.It offers degree and other courses for adult students of all ages.20. ,the most popular sport in England as well as in Europe,has its traditional home in England.A.GolfB.FootballC.CricketD.basketball21. In the late 15th century, supported by the Spanish Queen,Christopher Columbus, ,discovered the New World.A.an Italian navigatorB.a Danish navigatorC.an English navigatorD.a Portuguese navigator22. One of the features of the early colonists which play a role in the formation of American character is .A.religious intoleranceB.respect of individual rightsC.strong form of governmentD.discouragement of individual enterprise23. In September 1783, was signed and Britain recognized the independence of the United States.A.the Articles of ConfederationB.the Bill of RightsC.the Declaration of independenceD.the Treaty of Paris24.The Articles of confedration was very important in all the following Except that .A.it provided for no king.B.it declared independence from Great Britain.C.it was a written constitution for the United States.D.it created a central government in the form of a Congress.25.The American Civil War broke out mainly because .A.Abbraham Lincoln was elected presidentB.Harrier Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin was publishedC.the southern states controlled land ,raw materials and labor tha the North neededD.the southern states broke away from the Union and formed the Confederate State of America26. On August 4,1914,American President issued an official statement proclaiming American neutrality in the First World War.A.Harry TrumanB.Theodore RooseveltC.Woodrow WilsonD.Franklin D.Roosevelt27.In the U.S.,the first blow to the stock market came on October 24,1929,which was called .A.the black MondayB.the black FridayC.the black ThursdayD.the black Tuesday28. The aim of President Roosevelt’s New Deal was to .A.abolish social security systemsB.reduce government regulation and controlC.discograge industries from deceloping too fastD.“save American democracy”as the himself put it29.The American containment policy towards the Soviet Union ,made by President Truman in 1949,lasted until .A.1975B.1989C.1991D.199830. was the result of struggle between the great powers for control of the world and military expansion of the countries of Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy and militarist Japan.A.The Cold WarB.The Korean WarC.The First World WarD.The Second World War31. was NOT a comerstone of the postwar American Economic boom.A.Increasing investment in agricultureB.An ever-increasing military spendingC.Automobile manufacturing for the growing new communitiesD.A construction boom to provide houses and schools for all children32. In Feberuary 1972, President visited China and met Chairman Mao and the two coutntries issued the Shanghai Communique.A.NixonB.CarterC.FordD.Reagan33.In the postwar years the United States continued to emphasize governmentinvolvement and adopted the in running the economy.A.Keynesian theoryB.Marxist theoryC.Truman DoctrineD.Monetarist policies34.Apart from the stagnation,the American economy is now facing another problemof .A.foreign debts and trade deficitB.foreign debts and trade surplusC.overproduction and trade deficitD.overproduction and trade surplus35.The three giants in auto industry in the U.S.are .A.General Motors,Fotors,Ford,ChryslerB.General Motors,Toyota,ChrslerC.General Motors,Nissan,ChryslerD.General Motors,Volkswagen,Chrysler36. According to the provisions for constitutional amendment,the Congress may initiatean amendment by a vote in each house.A.halfB.one-thirdC.two-thirdsD.three-fourths37.In order to be successful,a candidate for the U.S.Presidency must receive at least ecectoral votes.A.200B.270C.435D.53838.The ambassadors,ministers and consuls appointed by the U.S.Prident must beconfirmed by the .A.SenateB.HouseC.Supreme CourtD.State Department39.Which statement about the American political parties in NOT true?A.In general,America has a two-party system.B.The Constitution makes no provisions for political parties.C.Political parties are the basis of the American political system.D.The Democrats and the Republicans dominate politics only at the federal level.40. were those American writers who reported truthfully and objectively the lifein the slums in the last decades of the 19th century and first decade of the 20th century.A.RealistsB.NatralistsC.transcendentalistsD.Modemists41.The Prairie Provinces which lie west of Ontario are ideal for and are thinly settled.A.fishingB.miningC.tourismD.growing wheat42. After the Seven Years’War from 1756 to 1763,the French were forced to give up Of Canada to Britain.A.partsB.the eastC.the wholeD.the northwest43.By the Statute of Westminster in 1931,Canada .A.took Newfoundland as its tenth provinceB.became a member of the Commonwealth of NationsC.found rich oil dields in Alberta and other western procincesD.opened the wrence Seaway for further growth in economy44.In 1921the British signed the Anglo-Irish Treaty to .A.start a civil warB.keep Ireland out of World WarⅡC.found the Irish Republican ArmyD.establish an Irish Free State in Northern Ireland45.Henry Ⅷ was the first king to bring all under English control.A.WalesB.EuropeC.IrelandD.Scotland46.Most of Australia lies between 20℃ and 35℃ which is a area in the world.A.hot and wetB.hot and dryC.dry and windyD.dry and sunny47.In Australia,traffic drives on the of the road.A.single lineB.middleC.right sideD.left side48.In Australia,as people with different traditions and customs interact with each other,a peculiar blend of different will be emerging.A.politicsB.societiesC.culturesD.philosophies49.The Lake of Taupo was formed by a(n) .A.big tsunamiB.horrible floodC.terrible earthquakeD.enormous volcanic eruption50.Since ,earthquakes in New Zealand do not usually cause many deaths.A.the land is hillyB.there are many mountain lakesC.many areas of the country are not heavily populatedD.the central plateau in North Island is dominated by 3 volcanic mountains第二部分非选择题Ⅱ.SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSGive a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions.Write your answer in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet. (30 Points,3 points each)51.What was one of the most far-reaching consequences of the Second World War to Britain?52.Who is the current heir to the British throne according to law and convention?53.What kind of service does the National Health Service(NHS)provide in the U.K.?54.What does Oxbridge stand for?55.What is the major difference between the Puritans and the Pilgrims in American colonial times?56.What important proclamation did Predident Lincoln issue to make the Civil War a just one ?57.What is the basic instrument of American government and the supreme law of the land?58.What is America’s most important patriotic holiday?59.What is the name of the radio educational system through which children learn their lessons in Australia?60.Politically how many states and territories does Anstralia have?Ⅲ.TERM EXPLANATIONExplain each of the following terms in English.Write your answer in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet in around 40 words.(20 points,5 points each)61.Black Death62.Civil List63.The U.S.Presidency64.The Cuban Missile Crisis。
英语国家概况复习00522
英语国家概况复习00522AⅠ.Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A,B,C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. (50 points,2points for each)1．There are two established Churches in Britain, that is, ______.A．the Church of Wales and the Church of IrelandB．the Church of England and the Church of WalesC．the Church of Scotland and the Church of IrelandD．the Church of England and the Church of Scotland2. The leader of the House of Lords is ______.A. the Archbishops of CanterburyB. the MonarchC. the Prime MinisterD. the Lord Chancellor3. In the United Kingdom, police officers are NOT allowed to join ______ or to go on strike.A. a trade unionB. a political partyC. a clubD. a society4. The British universities are governed by ______ or by ______ and enjoy academic freedom.A. royal charters, Act of ParliamentB. the People’s Charter, the Reform Act of 1832C. the Great Charter, the Bill of RightsD. the Petition of Right, the Test Act5. Now about 80% to 90% of immigration to the United States is from ______.A. Asian and Hispanic countriesB. African countriesC. European countriesD. Central and South American countries6. Which of the following is NOT true about the Bill of Rights?A. It was meant to protect the blacks for the right to vote, to use the public facilities and to enjoy the sameeducation as white people.B. It was the first ten amendments to the American Constitution.C. It was not until the federalists agree to the Bill of Rights Amendments that ratification of the Constitutionwas assured.D. It guarantees the basic rights for the individual such as the freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedomof the press, and so on.7. In America, the two major parties are really not very different today. But on economic issues, the ______traditionally favors government intervention while the ______ stresses the role of the market more.A. Democratic Party, Republican PartyB. Republican Party, Democratic PartyC. Whig Party, Democratic PartyD. Whig Party, Republican Party8. According to the Constitution, the American President must take care that all laws be faithfully executed. Tocarry out this responsibility, he presides over ______ of the federal government.A. the legislative branchB. the executive branchC. the judicial branchD. the American Congress9. According to the American Constitution, the Vice President shall be President of ______.A. the SenateB. the CongressC. the House of RepresentativesD. the Cabinet10. Although relatively small in area, Ireland is large enough to show distinct regional variations in ______.A. climateB. ethnic minoritiesC. religionD. language11. Ireland’s population has been ______ during the past 100 years.A. stableB. increasingC. on declineD. doubled12. Which of the following statements about the Commonwealth of Nations is NOT true?A. It has no special powers.B. It has 50 member countries in 1991.C. Its member nations are joined together for military purpose.D. It is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain.13. Which of the following statements about UK’s m onarchy is NOT true?A. The Sovereign reigns, but doest not rule.B. The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy.C. The continuity of the monarchy has been broken only once.D. The monarchy is the oldest institution of government, going back to at least the 7th century.14. Except that ______ may not be a Roman Catholic, public offices in Britain are open without distinction tomembers of all churches or of none.A. the Lord ChancellorB. the Prime MinisterC. the Home SecretaryD. the Attorney General15. In the United States, the largest minority group is ______ while the fastest-growing minority group is______.A. the Asian-American group, HispanicsB. the African-American group, European ethnic groupsC. the African-American group, the Asian-American groupD. the Asian-American group, the African-American group16. The chief reasons for early settlers to come to the New Continent were the following EXCEPT ______.A. to escape from povertyB. to seek better opportunityC. to practice religious tolerationD. to escape religious persecution17. ______ realized that he could win support for the Union at home and abroad by making the war a just waragainst slavery.A. Abraham LincolnB. James MadisonC. George WashingtonD. Thomas Jefferson18. Which of the following is NOT true of the U. S. economy?A. There is little government involvement in the economy.B. The American economy is based largely on a free enterprise system.C. The American economy is characterized by a high degree of monopoly.D. Unemployment, inflation, financial deficit are the main problems in American economy.19. In order to prevent the government from misusing its power, the writers of the Constitution worked out______.A. Bill of RightsB. checks and balancesC. the Articles of ConfederationD. The Civil Rights Act of 196420. The origin of the American party system can be traced to ______.A. the conflict between Democrats and RepublicansB. the constitutional debate between the Federalists and the anti-FederalistsC. the struggle between those who supported slavery and those who opposed slaveryD. the struggle between the Royalists and revolutionaries in the War of Independence21. In America, it is ______ that establishes policies for the education within its boundary.A. the stateB. the mayorC. the federal governmentD. the governor of the state22. Of all the symbols, ______ which are considered to represent fertility and new life, are most frequentlyassociated with Easter.A. the lamb and the beefB. the egg and the rabbitC. the pumpkin and the turkeyD. the spring peas and box of chocolate23．The Prime Minister of Britain was ______.A．appointed by the QueenB．elected by the ParliamentC．voted directly by the people of the countryD．selected from the members of the Parliament24．Apart from Britain, the Queen is also the head of state of the following countries EXCEPT ______. A．Australia B．CanadaC．New Zealand D．South Africa25．No.10 Downing Street in London is ______.A．the official residence of the QueenB．the office building of Lord ChancellorC．the meeting place of the British ParliamentD．the official residence of British Prime MinisterII.Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. (30 points, 3 points for each)26.What is a "copyright" library in Britain?27.Why is December 26th called "Boxing Day" in Britain?28.What happened in London in 1952 when 4,000 people were left dead or dying? one of the two major mountain ranges in the United States.30.What are the causes of success for Asian-Americans?31.What is The Waste Land by T.S. Eliot considered?32.Who were the first British settlers in Canada?33.How do children in remote areas of Australia receive their education?34.What is largely responsible for the lack of extreme summer heat and winter cold in Ireland?35.What is New Zealand’s system of governme nt?III. Explain each of the following terms in English. (20 points, 5 points for each)36.The City of London37.Tomb of the Unknown Soldier38.Earl Warren39.MaoritangaBⅠ.Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A,B,C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. (50 points,2points for each)1. Which part of Britain is always fighting?A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland2. soon after _____, Britain not only gave up its economic hegemony but also suffered a deep loss of itsposition of industrial leadership.A. 1900B. the First World WarC. the Second World WarD. 19603. In the 1970s among the developed countries, Britain maintained the lowest _____ rate and the highest _____rate.A. inflation, growthB. growth, inflationC. growth, divorceD. growth, birth4. The Prime Minister is appointed by _____ and he or she always sits in _____.A. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of CommonsB. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of LordsC. the Queen, the House of CommonsD. the Queen, the House of Lords5. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in _____.A. the QueenB. the CabinetC. the House of LordsD. the House of Commons6. About 90 per cent of the state secondary school population in the UK attend _____.A. independent schoolsB. junior schoolsC. general schoolsD. primary schools7. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can _____ by law.A. receive completely free educationB. receive partly free educationC. receive no free education if their families are richD. receive no free education at all8. With regard to its size, the USA is the _____ country in the world.A. largestB. second largestC. third largestD. fourth largest9. The Midwest in America’s most important _____ a rea.A. agriculturalB. industrialC. manufacturingD. mining industry10. The first immigrants in American history came from ____ and ____.A. Ireland/FranceB. England/ChinaC. Scotland/EnglandD. England/Holland11. The aim of President Roosevelt’s New Deal was to “save American _____.”A. economyB. politicsC. societyD. democracy12. The National Health Service was established in the UK in _____ and based at first on _____.A. 1948, Acts of ParliamentB. 1958, Acts of ParliamentC. 1948, the Bill of RightsD. 1958, the Bill of Rights13. The following are all reasons of British decline of coal industry except _____.A. the exhaustion of old minesB. costly extractionC. little money being investedD. the labor shortage14. Britain’s foreign trade is mainly with _____.A. developing countriesB. other Commonwealth countriesC. other developed countriesD. European Community15. The House of Lords is presided over by _____.A. the Lord ChancellorB. the QueenC. the Archbishop of CanterburyD. the Prime Minister16. The chief reasons for early settlers to come to the New Continent were the following EXCEPT ______.A. to escape from povertyB. to seek better opportunityC. to practice religious tolerationD. to escape religious persecution17. ______ realized that he could win support for the Union at home and abroad by making the war a just waragainst slavery.A. Abraham LincolnB. James MadisonC. George WashingtonD. Thomas Jefferson18. Which of the following is NOT true of the U. S. economy?A. There is little government involvement in the economy.B. The American economy is based largely on a free enterprise system.C. The American economy is characterized by a high degree of monopoly.D. Unemployment, inflation, financial deficit are the main problems in American economy.19. In order to prevent the government from misusing its power, the writers of the Constitution worked out______.A. Bill of RightsB. checks and balancesC. the Articles of ConfederationD. The Civil Rights Act of 196420. The origin of the American party system can be traced to ______.A. the conflict between Democrats and RepublicansB. the constitutional debate between the Federalists and the anti-FederalistsC. the struggle between those who supported slavery and those who opposed slaveryD. the struggle between the Royalists and revolutionaries in the War of Independence21. In America, it is ______ that establishes policies for the education within its boundary.A. the stateB. the mayorC. the federal governmentD. the governor of the state22. Of all the symbols, ______ which are considered to represent fertility and new life, are most frequentlyassociated with Easter.A. the lamb and the beefB. the egg and the rabbitC. the pumpkin and the turkeyD. the spring peas and box of chocolate23．The Prime Minister of Britain was ______.A．appointed by the QueenB．elected by the ParliamentC．voted directly by the people of the countryD．selected from the members of the Parliament24．Apart from Britain, the Queen is also the head of state of the following countries EXCEPT ______. A．Australia B．CanadaC．New Zealand D．South Africa25．No.10 Downing Street in London is ______.A．the official residence of the QueenB．the office building of Lord ChancellorC．the meeting place of the British ParliamentD．the official residence of British Prime MinisterII. Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. (30 points, 3 points for each)26. What is the official name of Great Britain?27. What does “Oxbridge” refer to in Great Britain?28. What are the responsibilities of British government education departments?29. What does SA T stand for?30. What are the two most important acts passed in the 1960s that helped to improve the political equality ofthe black people?31. What is know n as the “winner-take-all” system?32. What does ACT stand for in Australian political division?33. Why does New Zealand remain green all the year round?34. What are the three main groups of settlers living north of 55 degree north latitude in Canada?35. What is the most significant feature of Irish landscape, which covers all the mountains and large areas oflowlands?III. Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words. (20 points, 5 points for each)36. the Industrial Revolution37. the Commonwealth38. checks and balances39. Electoral College。
2002年4月自考英语国家概况试题
中国自考人()——700门自考课程永久免费、完整在线学习快快加入我们吧！全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试英语国家概况试题课程代码：00522Ⅰ.Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A,B,C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (40 points, 1 point for each)1.Britain has, for centuries, been slowly tilting with ________.A.the North-West slowly rising and the South-East slowly sinkingB.the North-East slowly rising and the South-West slowly sinkingC.the South-East slowly rising and the South-West slowly sinkingD.the South-West slowly rising and the North-East slowly sinking2.Which often following statements is not true about British coal mining?A.Brition has used up almost all coal deposits.B.The demand for British coal has declined.C.Petroleum, water power, and electric power replacing coal for many purposes.D.The old British mines are narrow and deep, making it difficult to use machines3.For electoral purposes Britain is divided into 659 constituencies, each of whichreturns ________ to the House of Commons.A.one memberB.two membersC.three membersD.four members4.In the 1970s oil was discovered in ________, but the revenue from oil did not create an economic for Britain.A.the English ChannelB.the Irish SeaC.St. George's ChannelD.the North Sea5.In Britain, ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of ________.A.the Lord ChancellorB.the Prime MinisterC.the SpeakerD.the Parliamentary Commissioner6.Thanks to the militant feminist movement of the suffragettes before the First World War, votes were granted to womenover the age of ________ in 1918.A.18B.20C.30D.357.The objective of the Chartist Movement was democratic rights for all men, and it took its name from “________”.A.The Bill of RightsB.The Agreement of the PeopleC.The People's CharterD.The Great Charter8.In the 1960s pop music underwent a revolution when ________ became world famous and turned their home town ofLiverpool into a place of pilgrimage.A.teh Beach BoysB.the Rolling StoneC.the AnimalsD.the Beatles9.The Tories were the forerunners of ________, which still bears this nickname today.A.the Labour PartyB.the Conservative PartyC.the Liberal PartyD.the Social Democratic Party10.In the United Kingdom, the party which wins the ________ number of seats in the House of Commons becomes theofficial Opposition.rgestB.second largestC.third largestD.fourth largest11.In the United Kingdom,police officers are not allowed to join ________ or to go on strike.A.a trade unionB.a choirC. apolitical partyD.a club12.Agricltural changes in the late 18th and early 19th centuries in England were so great that they were worthy of the term“________”.A.reformB.evolutionC.revolutionD.reformation13.The Mississippi, which is sometimes called ________, has played a vital role in the history of the United States.A.“Old Man River”B.“Moon River”C.“Old Father River”D.“Mother of the United States”14.The largest and smallest states of the United States are ________.A.Alaska and Rhode IslandB.Texas and MaineC.Texas and Rhode IslandD.Alaska and Maine15.A trend that occurs at the same time with the movement to the South and the Weast of the United States is ________.A.the flow of people to sunbelt areaB.the flow of peole from small cities to big citiesC.the growth of small townsD.the outflow of city residents from the core cities to the suburbs16.The average life expectancy of the Red Indians is ________.A.higher than the national averageB.lower than the national averageC.about the same with the national averageD.none of the above17.The three Puritan traditions are ________.A.religious tolerance, respect for achievement and respect for learningB.religious dissent aggressiveness and respect for learningC.religious intolerance, respect for achievement and respect for learningD.religious intolerance, aggressiveness, respect for achievement18.In 1900, the United States ranked first in the world in the production of ________.A.coalB.electricityC.oilD.wheat19.During the Second World War, Roosevelt, Stalin and Churchill met at ________.A.Teheran, Y alta and PotsdamB.Teheran and Y altaC.Y alta, Potsdam and BerlinD.Teheran and Potsdam20.The New Frontier and War on Poverty were put forward respectively by ________.A.Eisenhower and KennedyB.Johnson and NixonC.Johnson and KennedyD.Kennedy and Johnson21.The origin of the American party system can be traced to ________.A.the struggle between the Royalists and revolutionaries in the War of IndependenceB.the constitutional debate between the Federalists and the anti--FederalistsC.the struggle between those who upheld slavery and those who opposed slaveryD.none of the above22.The functions of institutions of higher education in the U.S. are ________.A.research and teachingB.teaching and degree awardingC.professional training, teaching and public serviceD.teaching, research and public service23.In “Song of Myself”, Whitman writes that ________.A.woman is not worth mentioningB.woman is not as great as manC.woman as the mother of human beings is the greatestD.none of the above24.The theme of Thanksgiving has always been ________.A.friendship and happinessB.peace and plentyC.cooperation and rich rewardD.love and happiness25.Australia is located between ________ and the Indian Ocean.A.the South Pacific OceanB.the Atlantic OceanC.the North SeaD.the Arctic26.Australia, which is one of the world's developed countries, has become rich through ________.A.manufacturing industriesB.farming and miningC.service industriesD.forestry and fishing27.Australian Aborigines believed in a creative period, usually referred to in English as ________.A.teh DreamlandB.the DreamingC.the Beginning of the WorldD.the Beginning of the Universe28.As far as Australian culture is concerned, the history of Australia can be divided into the following phases with theexception of ________.A.the period of the original culture of Aboriginal peopleB.the period of the dominant British cultureC.teh period of Asian cultureD.the period of a multicultural society29.The Mabo Judgement passed by Australia's High Court in June 1992 overturned the concept of terra nullius, whichmeans ________.A.“land belonging to no one”B.“land unknown to everyone”C.“Wonderland”D.“Dreamtime”30.During the 1990s many Australians called for their nation to become a republic with ________.A.a president replacing the British monarch as head of stateB.a prime minister replacing the governor--general as head of governmentC.a governor-general replacing the British monarch as head of stateD.a president replacing the governor- general as head of government31.The longest river in Canada is ________.A.the MackenzieB.the St. LawrenceC.teh SevernD.the Y ukon32.Why were the French troops in Canada defeated by the British during the Seven Y ears' War?A.Because they were not used to the weather in Cananda.B.Because they did not get support from the local people.C.Because they did not receive the supplies they needed so badly.D.Because the British had larger and better settlements in Canada.33.Which of the following is not true about Canada's manufacturing today?A.Manufacturing is the most important economic activity in Canada.B.Transportation equipment ranks as the nation's leading manufactured product.C.Food processing is still important but it is no longer Canada's chief man ufacturing industryD.The production of paper and paper related products is no longer important in Canada's manufacturing.34.When was the referendum on Quebec's future status held in Canada?A.1994.B.1995.C.1996.D.199735.Since 1971 the Canadian government has adopted a policy of ________, recognizing that cultural pluralism within abilingual framework is the essence of the Canadian identity.A.assimilationB.integrationC.multiculturalismD.gender equality36.In Canada the federal governments have always been formed by ________.A.the Liberal PartyB.the Progressive Conservative PartyC.either the Liberal Party or the Progressive Conservative PartyD.both the Liberal Party and the Progressive Conservation Party37.What is Ireland called in Irish?A.IreaB.AireC.EareD.Eire38.What are Ireland's chief exports?A.Foodstuffs(especially beef), electrical machinery, and chemicals.B.Wool, dairy products and fruit.C.Motor vehicles, electrical machinery and petroleum.D.Coal, mining equipment and textiles.39.A fault line runs the length of New Zealand, which means that it often has ________.A.floodsB.volcanic eruptionsC.earthquakesD.droughts40.Which of the following is not true about the political system of New Zealand?A.New Zealand has a written constitution.B.New Zealand has a parliamentary government and a constitutional monarchy.C.New Zealand follows the British parliamentary system with some variations.D.New Zealand Parliament has only one chamber.PART TWOⅡ.Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(30 points , 3 points for each)41. What are the main types of farming in Britain?42.How are the state-run television channels BBC1 and BBC2 financed?43.What is the aim of the social security system in the United Kingdom?44.What kind of economic system does the United States have?45.What were the two serious weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?46.What is the difference between an academic high school and a technical high school?47.What are the most common leisure activities in Canada?48.What does the outback refer to in Australia?49.What are the two types of farming in Ireland?50.Why is the population of New Zealand so unevenly distributed?Ⅲ.Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words (20 points, 5 points for each)51.The Civil List52.Operation Overlord53.Stagflation54.KiwiⅣ.Write between 100—120 words on the following topic in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(10 points) 55. Give two examples to show the kind of political intolerance in the U.S. after the end of W.W.I.全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试英语国家概况试题参考答案课程代码：00522Ⅰ.Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A,B,C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding brackets on the answer sheet. (40 points, 1 point for each)1.A2.A3.A4.D5.B6.C7.C8.D9.B 10.B11.A12.C 13.A14.A15.D16.B 17.C 18.A19.B 20.D21.B 22.D 23.C 24.B 25.A26.B 27.B 28.C 29.A30.A31.A32.C 33.D 34.B 35.C36.C 37.D 38.A39.C 40.CⅡ.Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(30 points , 3 points for each)41.They are arable farming, dairy farming, stock farming, mixed farming, hill farming and market gardening.42.They are financed from the sale of television licences.43.The aim of the social security is to secure a basic standard of living for people in financial need.44.The U.S. has a free market economy with a dominant private sector.45.They were:(a)there was no national executive or law-enforcing branch and (b)Congress had no power to raise taxes.46.An academic high school only aims at preparing students for college while a technical school provides students for avariety of occupations and vocations.47.They are swimming, tennis, golf and baseball.48.In Australia, the areas that are far away from towns and cities are called the outback, especially the desert areas in centralAustralia.49.They are arable farming and stock farming.50.Reasons for the uneven distribution are the milder climate in the north, the expansion of North Island industries and theavailability of land suitable for specialized farming.Ⅲ.Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words (20 points, 5 points for each)51.The Civil List is an annual grant approved by Parliament. The grant is made to the British Sovereign and members of theroyal family. It is used to cover the expense involved in carrying out their public duties.52.Operation Overlord was the codename for Ally landing on the south of France. It was launched in May, 1944. Thedecision of launching Operation Overlord was made at the Teheran Conference.53.Starting from the mid-1970s, the United States suffered from “stagflation”, that is, the occurrence of no or littleeconomic growth and inflation at the same time. By 1974, prices were rising at the rate of 11% and it affected a large section of the middle class.54. The kiwi is a New Zealand bird with a long beak and hair-like feathers, which cannot fly. The kiwi is the nationalsymbol of New Zealand and New Zealanders refer to themselves as Kiwis.Ⅳ.Write between 100—120 words on the following topic in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(10 points) 55.On Nov. 7, 1919 and Jan. 2, 1920, the Justice Department launched two waves of mass arrests. Over 4,000 suspectedCommunists and radicals were arrested and many were forced to leave the United States.On April 15, 1920, Sacco and V anzetti were arrested on the charge of involvement in a murder and robbery case.They were convicted and sentenced to death. But there was little evidence to prove they were guilty. Strong, wide-spread protests did not save them. They were executed in 1927. People said they died for their radicalism.(The example of Ku Klux Klan can also be used.)中国自考人()——改写昨日遗憾创造美好明天！用科学方法牢记知识点顺利通过考试！。
00522自考英语国家概况-试卷（答案全面）
00522⾃考英语国家概况-试卷（答案全⾯）⾃考课程综合测验英语国家概况试卷（课程代码 00522 ）⼀、单项选择题（每⼩题2分，共40分） 1. is the largest island in Europe.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. IrelandD. Great Britain 2. The UK is bordered on the south by . A. the North Sea B. the English Channel C. the Irish Sea D. the Atlantic Ocean 3. The capital of the UK is .A. EdinburghB. LondonC. LiverpoolD. Birmingham 4. The longest rivers in Britain are the Thames and .A. the MerseyB. the River HumberC. the SevernD. the Tyne River 5. The first known settlers of Britain were the .A. CeltsB. Anglo-SaxonsC. RomansD. Iberians 6. It is that brought the new religion, Christianity, to Britain.A. the RomansB. the CeltsC. the Anglo-SaxonsD. the Viking and Danish Invasions 7. Among the following groups of people, the came to Britain first. A. Jutes B. Angles C. Saxons D. Normans8. The Conquest in 1066 is perhaps the best-known event in English history. A. Roman B. Viking C. Anglo-Saxon D. Norman9. Under , the feudal system in England was completely established. A. Edward I B. Henry II C. King Alfred D. William the Conqueror 10. The Magna Carta was a statement of the feudal and legal relationship between .A. the Crown and the BaronsB. the king and the parliamentC. the aristocrats and the middle classD. the monarch and the working people 11. The name of the Hundr ed Years’ War is given to the intermittent war between .A. France and EnglandB. Spain and EnglandC. Germany and EnglandD. America and England12. in the 14th century was the modern name given to the plague, an epidemic disease spread by rat fleas.A. Brid FluB. Black DeathC. Yellow FeverD. Scarlet Fever 13. was above all responsible for the religious reform in England.A. Alfred the GreatB. Edward IC. Henry VIIID. William the Conqueror 14. declared that he, and not the Pope, was the Supreme Head of the Church of England in 1535.A. James IB. Charles IC. James IID. Henry VIII 15. Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots, was Elizabeth I ’s . A. sister B. daughter C. cousin D. half-sister 16. The English Renaissance was largely .A. literaryB. politicalC. religiousD. philosophical 17. The Chartist movement was the first nationwide movement.A. working classB. lower middle classC. upper middle classD. upper class18. The Seven Years’ War was fought between Britain and for the colonization in North America. A. Spain B. Russia C. Holland D. France19. During the late 18th and early 19th centuries the system ended when the Enclosure Acts were introduced. A. tenant B. feudal C. open-field D. enclosed field 20. modified and improved the design of the steam engine in 1765.A. James WattB. Abraham DarbyC. Richard ArkwrightD. Henry Court⼆、论述题（15分）Describe the geographical position of the UK.三、论述题（15分）What do you know about King Alfred? What makes him worthy of the title of “Alfred the Great?年级班级准考证号姓名四、论述题（15分）What were the contents and the significance of the Great Charter?五、论述题（15分）What do you know about land enclosures in Britain?答案：。
2020年4月全国英语国家概况自考试题及答案解析
全国2019年4月高等教育自学考试英语国家概况试题课程代码：00522全部题目用英文作答，否则不计分。
PART ONE (40 POINTS)I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinishedstatement or question, four suggested answers marked A,B,C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(40 points,1 point for each)1. British recorded history begins with the _____ invasion.A. RomanB. VikingC. Anglo-SaxonD. Norman2. The Authorized Version of the Bible (published in 1611) was made by _____ command.A. Edward IV’sB. James I’sC. Elizabeth I’sD. Henry V III’s3. In the United Kingdom, succession is founded on the _____ principle. Sons of the Sovereign have precedence over daughters in succeeding to the throne.A. ethicalB. obligationC. hereditaryD. public relations4. In the United Kingdom, ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of _____.A. the SpeakerB. the Lord ChancellorC. the Duke of EdinburghD. the Prime Minister5. The most important prehistoric monument of the Iberians was _____.A. Maiden Castle in WiltshireB. Stonehenge in WiltshireC. Avebury in WiltshireD. Leeds Castle in Kent6. The Royal National Eisteddfod is a(n) _____ festival of poetry, music and other arts.A. EnglishB. ScottishC. WelshD. Irish7. In England no females were allowed to vote in national elections before _____.A. 1918B. 1920C. 1928D. 19458. The English Civil War is generally regarded as the beginning of modern _____ history.A. EuropeanB. ScottishC. WelshD. world9. London’s Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of _____.A. the Home SecretaryB. the Lord ChancellorC. the Prime MinisterD. the Attorney General10. During the 1970s Britain began producing petroleum from wells in _____.1A. the Irish SeaB. the North SeaC. the Dover StraitsD. the Cambrians11. The two very important crops in Britain are _____.A. barley and cornB. wheat and riceC. barley and oatsD. wheat and barley12. In Britain, a _____ is held when a Member of Parliament dies, retires or resigns.A. civic electionB. by-electionC. popular electionD. general election13. What forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the United States?A. The Rio Grande River.B. The southern Rocky Mountains.C. The Colorado River.D. The Gulf of California.14. The financial, manufacturing and transportation center of the United States is _____.A. New YorkB. Washington D.C.C. PhiladelphiaD. Chicago15. One of the measures taken by the Roosevelt Administration in the New Deal was _____.A. to close down more banksB. to further loosen the control of financial institutionsC. to adopt a number of labor laws to raise the role of labor in the relations of productionD. to encourage farm production16. Most of the colleges and universities in the U.S. are located _____.A. in only 5 or 6 states along the Atlantic coastB. in the SouthC. in states with a large populationD. along the Atlantic and Pacific coasts17. Rock’n’ roll in the early 1960s in the United States was music for _____.A. teenagersB. black audienceC. white adult audienceD. people of all ages18. The major Hispanic groups in the United States are _____.A. the Mexicans and HaitiansB. the Puerto Ricans and CubansC. the Mexicans and the Puerto RicansD. the Mexicans, Puerto Ricans and Cubans19. Today, American people observe Veterans’ Day by _____.A. keeping two minutes of silence at 11∶00 A.M. on that dayB. holding veterans’ parades in their communitiesC. going to public cemeteries to pay tribute to war heroesD. going to churches for memorial services20. In the U.S., constitutional amendment can go into effect after it is approved by _____.A. a two-thirds vote of both housesB. three-fourths of the states2C. two-thirds of the statesD. half of the states21. When the president of the U.S. signs an act passed by Congress into law, it still can becancelled if _____.A. the lower federal court decides that it goes against previous lawsB. the Supreme Court decides that it goes against previous lawsC. the lower federal court decides it is unconstitutionalD. the Supreme Court decides it is unconstitutional22. President Nixon decided to resign because he _____.A. refused to hand over the White House tapes to courtB. was tired of political struggle in Washington D.C.C. came to see that most probably he would be impeachedD. was deserted by the Republican Party23. In the United States, the first largest immigration movement took place _____.A. right after the War of IndependenceB. in the mid-1810sC. at the turn of the 20th centuryD. right after the Civil War24. The following are the factors that have contributed to the development of the U.S. economyEXCEPT _____.A. the vast space and resources of the landB. the ideals of freedom and economic opportunityC. English as its national languageD. hard work by the people25. Although Australia has a large area, _____ of the continent is desert or semi-desert.A. one –thirdB. two-thirdsC. halfD. more than half26. The Great Barrier Reef is included on the World Heritage list because it has _____.A. the most beautiful seascape in the worldB. the greatest number of islands in the worldC. the most diverse and complex marine life in the worldD. the longest coast in the world27. The first major discoveries, made in _____ in the early 1850s, resulted in gold rushes in Australia.A. QueenslandB. South AustraliaC. Victoria and TasmaniaD. Victoria and New South Wales28. In Australia, the role of the Senate is _____.A. to review bills passed by the House of RepresentativesB. to introduce "money bills"C. to interpret the ConstitutionD. to remove the prime minister from office29. In Australia, the leader of the majority party or the coalition heads the government as _____.3A. premierB. prime ministerC. chief executiveD. governor-general30. Traditionally, Australia has relied heavily on migrants _____.A. to build up its labor forceB. to defend its countryC. to change its way of lifeD. to improve its living standards31. In each of the ten Canadian provinces, the Queen is represented by _____.A. the speakerB. the Lord High CommissionerC. the Lieutenant-governorD. the Attorney-General32. By the British North America Act, Canada was made a _____ in 1867.A. dominionB. sovereign nationC. colonyD. member of the Commonwealth of Nations33. Who opened the interior of Canada to French fur traders and later colonizers in 1535?A. Samuel de Champlain.B. Jacques Cartier.C. John Cabot.D. Henry Hudson.34. Canada is bounded on the west by _____.A. the Pacific OceanB. the Atlantic OceanC. the Indian OceanD. the Arctic Ocean35. The majority of French-speaking Canadians live in _____.A. New BrunswickB. OntarioC. QuebecD. Nova Scotia36. The Parliament of Canada is made up of all the following EXCEPT _____.A. the CrownB. the SenateC. the House of CommonsD. the National Assembly37. The largest river in Ireland is _____.A. the Liffey RiverB. the Dodder RiverC. the Shannon RiverD. Lough Derg38. In Ireland Fianna Fail and Fine Gael are both descended from _____.A. the Irish Labor PartyB. Sinn FeinC. IRAD. the Progressive Democrats39. New Zealand’s highest peak is _____ in the mountain range called the central Southern Alps.A. Mount NgauruhoeB. Mount TongariroC. Mount CookD. Mount Taranaki40.Which of the following about New Zealand is true?A. New Zealand is a republic.B. Queen Elizabeth II is represented in New Zealand by the Governor-General.C.New Zealand has a bicameral parliament.D.New Zealand has three major political parties.PART TWO (60 POINTS)II.Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions.Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(30 points,3 points for each)41.What is a "copyright" library in Britain?442.Why is December 26th called "Boxing Day" in Britain?43.What happened in London in 1952 when 4,000 people were left dead or dying? one of the two major mountain ranges in the United States.45.What are the causes of success for Asian-Americans?46.What is The Waste Land by T.S. Eliot considered?47.Who were the first British settlers in Canada?48.How do children in remote areas of Australia receive their education?49.What is largely responsible for the lack of extreme summer heat and winter cold in Ireland?50.What is New Zealand’s system of government?III. Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words.(20 points,5 points for each)51.The City of London52.Tomb of the Unknown Soldier53.Earl Warren54.MaoritangaIV.Write between 100-120 words on EITHER of the following topics in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(10 points)55.Why is the United States called a nation of immigrants?56.What is the role of the Monarchy in the British government?5。
(完整)全国2012年7月高等教育自学考试英语国家概况代码00522试题以及答案
全国2012年7月高等教育自学考试英语国家概况试题课程代码:00522全部题目用英文作答，请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上I. Multiple Choice Questions. (50 points, 1 point for each)Directions: In this part of the test, there are 50 unfinished statements or questions. For each of the unfinished statements or questions, four suggested answers, marked A. B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on your Answer Sheet.1. Which of the following is NOT a geographical name of Britain?D P3A. The United KingdomB. Great BritainC. EnglandD. The British Isles2. The Romans remained in control of Britain for nearly ___C__ years.P18A. 600B. 500C. 400D. 2003. Which of the following statements is NOT true about Alfred?D P23A. Alfred the Great started the English navy.B. Alfred the Great reorganized the Saxon army, making it more efficient.C. Alfred the Great established schools and formulated a legal system.D. Alfred the Great imposed a tax, called the Danegeld, on the Saxons.4. After the Glorious Revolution came the Age of the ___B_, a monarchy with powers limited by Parliament.A. CommonwealthB. Constitutional MonarchyC. English colonial expansionD. Hereditary Monarchy5. According to Magna Carta no tax should be made without the approval of __B___.A. the House of LordsB. the KingC. the Grand CouncilD. the House of Commons6. _C____, a dramatist and poet, is generally regarded as the greatest writer in the English language.A. Charles DickensB. Christopher MarloweC. William ShakespeareD. Charlotte Bronte7. After the Restoration, British Parliament passed a series of severe laws called the Clarendon Code against the _C____, now known as Nonconformists.P58A. ChristiansB. ProtestantsC. PuritansD. Catholics8. Elizabeth I reigned England, Wales and Ireland for _D____ years and remained single.P45A. 25B. 30C. 40D. 459. After the Wars of the Roses the rule of ___A__ began.A. the PlantagenetB. the YorkistsC. the StuartsD. the Tudors10. _C____ was the forerunner of the Conservative Party.P62A. The Liberal PartyB. The WhigsC. The ToriesD. The Labor Party11. The First World War was fought between two European power blo cs: the “Central Powers” and the “Allies”. The “Allies” include the following EXCEPT __D___.A. BritainB. FranceC. RussiaD. Austria-Hungary12. In 1982, the Falkland Islands War broke out between Britain and __A___.A. ArgentinaB. BrazilC. PeruD. ChileB13. Which of the following about UK’s monarchy is NOT true?A. The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy.B. There is no written constitution in the United Kingdom.C. Today the Queen holds the real power in UK.D. The continuity of the monarchy has been broken only once.14. In the United Kingdom, the party which wins the second largest number of seat in the Houseof Commons becomes _____.A. the official OppositionB. the leading partyC. the predominant partyD. the “shadow cabinet”A____ in London.15. The Sovereign’s coronation takes place at _A. Westminster AbbeyB. Canterbury AbbeyC. York AbbeyD. Northanger Abbey16. The C_____ is made up of statute law, common law and conventions.A. British ConstitutionB. American ConstitutionC. Commonwealth lawD. European Community law17. There is no Ministry of Justice in the United Kingdom. General responsibility lies with thefollowing EXCEPT __D___.P129A. the Lord ChancellorB. the Home SecretaryC. the Attorney GeneralD. the Prime Minister18. __B___ provides for every resident, regardless of income, a full range of medical services. Ithas become available in Britain since 1948.A. The Social Security BenefitsB. The National Health ServiceC. The Civil ServiceD. The National Insurance Fund19. In summer there are open-air theatres, including one in London’s Regent’s Park, where _A____ are performed.A. William Sh akespeare’s playsB. Christopher Marlowe’s playsC. Ben Johnson’s playsD. George Bernard Shaw’s plays20. Snooker is thought to have been invented by __A___A. Sir Winston ChurchillB. Sir Neville ChamberlainC. Sir Charlie ChamberlainD. Sir John Churchill21. The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the U.S. is___DD__.A. the IndiansB. the JapaneseC. the ChineseD. the Blacks22. The place where Christopher Columbus landed was _D____ .A. IndiaB. the islands in AsiaC. the current territory of AmericaD. the islands in the now West Indies23. The great international influence of __C___is that the colonies in Spanish America rose up oneafter another to overthrow Spanish colonial rule.p241A. the American Civil WarB. the Vietnam WarC. the American War of IndependenceD. the Korean War24.In the early 1850s with the Westward Movement, the ___C__ issue became a serious politicalissue because it might tip the balance of power in the Senate.P245A. slaveryB. immigrationC. territoryD. Indian25. Which of the following is NOT the main cause for the American government to declare war onGermany in the World War I?A. Germany refused to give up its submarine warfare.B. Germany tried to get Mexico into the war against the United States.C. Germany promised Mexico the return of lost territory of Texas.D. Japan launched the bombing of the Pearl Harbor.26. In 1932, in the depth of the depression, the American people chose _B____as their nextpresident who promised a “new deal” to get America out of thedepression.A. Theodore RooseveltB. Franklin D. RooseveltC. Woodrow WilsonD. Herbert C. Hoover27. In the Second World War American diplomacy largely was American diplomacy towards__C___.P262A. Germany and ItalyB. Germany and JapanC. Britain and the Soviet UnionD. Britain and France28. The real purpose of the Marshal Plan is___D__.P267A. to prevent Greece and Turkey from falling into the hands of the Soviet UnionB. to support any country which said it was fighting against CommunismC. to help Western Europe recover from the Great DepressionD. to prevent Western Europe from possible Soviet expansion29. _D____ was a full-scale, anti-Communist hysteria in the United States in the1950s.P270A. Free Speech MovementB. The Progressive MovementC. The Civil Rights MovementD. McCarthyism30. Which war turned out to be the longest war the U.S. fought?DA. The Korean WarB. The World War IIC. The World War ID. The Vietnam War31. After the Vietnam War, the contradiction between Congress and the Executive resulted in the passage of __D____.A. the Smith ActB. the War Power ActC. the Civil Rights ActD. the Voting Rights Act32. On April 30 1789, George Washington took the oath of office in _A_____ which housed the first American government.A. New YorkB. WashingtonC. PhiladelphiaD. Boston33. The American policy towards the Soviet Union after the Second World War was B______ .A. cooperationB. neutralityC. containmentD. impartiality34. The writers of the Constitution worked out __D____ in order to prevent the government from misusing its power.A. the Declaration of IndependenceB. the Bill of Rights-take-all” system D. checks and balancesC. the “winner35. The presidential term in the U.S. is four years beginning on ___A___.A. November 20B. November 12C. January 12D. January 2036. On Independence Day, some people bring their children to visit the birth place of the nation——_C_______P355A. Washington D.C.B. New York CityC. PhiladelphiaD. Bostonaluation, D______on 37. According to the U.S News & World Report and other journ als’ evthe west coast are the best research universities.P322A. Harvard and YaleB. Princeton and ColumbiaC. California and MITD. Stanford and Berkley38. ___A__ is the largest single source of goods imported by the United States.A. CanadaB. AustraliaC. AsiaD. Latin America39. Theodore Dreiser was the literary representative of American __D____ .P338A. RomanticistsB. TranscendentalistsC. ModernistsD. Naturalists40. _____was the first American writer who gained international fame.A. Washington IrvingB. Benjamin FranklinC. Nathaniel HawthorneD. Mark Twain41. The most significant feature of Irish landscape is _A_____.A. lakesB. bogsC. low ridgesD. rivers42. Who was the first English king to bring all Ireland under English control?CA. Henry IIB. Henry IIIC. Henry VIIID. James II43. From east to west ten provinces and two territories in Canada can be divided into __C____ geographical regions.A. fourB. fiveC. sixD. seven44. Which of the following is NOT one of the Prairie Provinces in Canada?B P367A. ManitobaB. British ColumbiaC. SaskatchewanD. Alberta45. It was ___D__ who established the first French settlement in Quebec City in 1608.P369A. Henry HudsonB. John CabotC. Jacques CartierD. Samuel de Champlain46. Although Australia has a large area, ___B__ of the continent is hot and dry.P420A. one thirdB. two thirdsC. halfD. more than half47. _C____ is famous for its art festival.A. SydneyB. MelbourneC. AdelaideD. Brisbane48. Which of the following states in Australia is known as the garden state?D P426A. QueenslandB. New South WalesC. TasmaniaD. Victoria49. The first European to visit New Zealand was ___D___.A. Abel TasmanB. Captain James CookC. Christopher ColumbusD. Amerigo Vespucci50. The __A_____ is a national symbol in New Zealand.A. kiwiB. native owlC. tuataraD. lizardII. Answer the Questions. (30 points, 3 points for each)Directions: Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.51. What is the difference between the ancestors of the English and Scots, Welsh and Irish?52. What was the impact of the Wars of the Roses on feudalism in England?p42答:From these wars feudalism received its death blow53.What is the main function of the House of Lords?p111答：The functions of the british parliament are lawmaking,authorizing taxation and public expenditure,and examining the actions of the government.54.What are the major racial and ethnic minorities in the United States?p228答：the blacks55. What is Emerson’s view of man and nature?56. What kind of system is the American economy based on?p285答：There are The postal services,the road systerm and national defence57. Why did the population of Ireland decrease from the 1840s until about 1970?P18158. What are the two most important provinces in Canada?p366答：There are wrenceGreat Lakes provinces and Quebec59.Which is Australia’s largest lake?P419答：Lack Eyre is regards as Australia Largest lake60. What is partly the reason for New Zealand to have changeable weather and tobe often windy?P511Because New Zealand is an island in southern latitudes,it has changeable weather and it is often windyIII. Term Explanation. (20 points, 5 points for each)Directions: Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet in around 40 words.61. Domesday Book62. ThatcherismP86of 178763. “Great Compromise” 64. Halloween P355答：Halloween(All hallow”sEve)is a night-time children’s hoilday.It is a time for frightening costumes, makes, parties,games and tricks-all for fun.。
全国自考英语国家概况试卷试题包括答案解析.doc
⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯精品自学考料推荐⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯全国 2018 年 4 月高等教育自学考试英语国家概况试题课程代码： 00522全部题目用英文作答，并将答案写在答题纸的相应位置上，否则不计分。
Ⅰ. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choosethe one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write theletter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(40 points, 1 point for each)1.Traditional British farming involved（）, which dated back to the 5th century.A. the open field systemB. the system of crop rotationC. the use of artificial fertilizerD. the use of new agricultural machinery2.In Britain, the First Civil War was fought between the Roundheads who were the parliamentary soldiers led by （） , and the Cavaliers who were King Charles ’ s supporters.A. John LilburneB. Oliver CromwellC. Prince RupertD. William Joyce3.（） radically changed the face of London for the first time since the Great Fire nearly three centuries earlier.A. The Black DeathB. The Civil WarC. The First World WarD. The Blitz4.The objective of the Chartist Movement was democratic rights for all men, and it took its nameform “（）” .A. The Bill of RightsB. The Agreement of the PeopleC. the People ’ s CharterD. the Great Charter5.Today, the Domesday Book is kept in the Public Records Office in （） .A. CambridgeB. OxfordC. LondonD. York6.In Britain, thanks to the militant feminist movement of the suffragettes before the First WorldWar, votes were granted to women over （） in 1918.A. 20B.25C. 30D. 357.By （） Britain had built up a big empire, “ on which the sun never set” .A. 1900B. 1910C. 1920D. 193018.In Britain, the Tories were the forerunners of （）, which still bears the nickname today.A. the Labor PartyB. the Conservative PartyC. the Liberal PartyD. the Social Democratic Party9.The eldest son of Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ—— Prince Charles, Prince of（）, is the heir to the throne.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland10.In Britain, a full meeting of （）is called only when a Sovereign dies or announces his or her intention to marry.A. the Privy CouncilB. the House of LordsC. the House of CommonsD. the Parliament11.In Britain, the highest judicial appointments are made by the Queen on the advice of （）.A. the Lord ChancellorB. the Prime MinisterC. the SpeakerD. the Attorney General12.In Britain, the Speaker is a member who is acceptable to all shades of opinion in （） .A. the Privy CouncilB. the House of LordsC. the Supreme CourtD. the House of Commons13.The British government departments are staffed by members of （） , whose duty is to assist in carrying out laws passed by Parliament.A. the Civil ServiceB. the Privy CouncilC. the House of LordsD. the House of Commons14.In the 1970s, oil was discovered in（） , but the revenue from oil did not create an economic miracle for Britain.A. the English ChannelB. the Irish SeaC. the St. George SeaD. the North Sea15.Local authorities in Great Britain raise revenue through （） .A. the income taxB. the council taxC. the capital receiptsD. personal contribution16.The modern games of tennis originated in （）in the late 19 th century.A. ScotlandB. IrelandC. EnglandD. Wales17.America was named after （） .A. Italian navigator ColumbusB. navigator Amerigo VespucciC. some Indian chieftainD. George Washington, founding father of the United States18.Between 1860 and 1990, the United States witnessed（） large-scale population movements.A. 2B. 32C. 4D. 519.At the beginning of the Berlin Blockade, President Truman turned down the option of （）.A. sending supplies through the highways, protected by tanks and troopsB. sending supplies through the waterwaysC. starting large-scale airliftingD. staring limited airlifting to test the Soviets20.In 1900, the United States ranked first in the production of（）.A. coalB. electricityC. oilD. wheat21.During the War of Independence, America allied with（）.A. SpainB. FranceC. HollandD. Germany22.The Constitutional Convention in America was attended by （） .A. all of the 13 statesB. all of the states except MarylandC. all of the states except Rhode IslandD. all of the states, but later Rhode Island withdrew from the convention23.President Theodore Roosevelt made use of the Hepburn Act to （） .A. regulate federal-funded electricity projectB. maintain forest reservesC. regulate railway priceD. ban corporation merger24.In the United States, Henry Ford became famous （） .A. because of his wealthB. because he set up the Standard Oil CorporationC. because he was the first to invent carsD. because of his Model T automobile25.The attitude of many Americans toward different political views after WW Ⅱ can be described as（）.A. following the main trend of viewB. intolerantC. indifferentD. tolerant26.In the U.S., the Red Scare refers to （） .A. a senseless hysteria about the danger of communismB. a fear of Soviet subversionC. a senseless hate of anything foreignD. an intolerance of any idea different from the mainstream idea27.Urbanization was realized in the U.S. （） .A. in 1900B. in 19103C. after WW ID. after WW Ⅱ28.In the United States, the “ winner-take-all ” system applies to（） .A. all the statesB. a majority of the statesC. all states except MaineD. only Maine29.In “ Old Man and Sea” , Hemingway praises the old man ’ s attitude（ towards） .A. defeat and failureB. the seaC. his workD. nature30.In order to remember George Washington （） .A. a memorial hall was built in his birthplaceB. a memorial hall was built in Washington D.C.C. a tall white Washington Monument was built in the capitalD. an expensive car was named after him31.The final breakaway of American foreign policy from isolationism was （） .A. the bombing of Pearl HarborB. the fall of FranceC. German attack of the Soviet UnionD. the battle of Britain32.In the U.S., the fastest growing minority group is （） .A. the African-AmericanB. the Hispanic-AmericanC. the Native IndiansD. the Asian-American33.The name “ Canada” is believed to be derived from an Indian word “ Kanata” , meaning （）.A. a settlementB. a countryC. a meeting placeD. a colony34.Quebec differs from the provinces of Canada because （） .A. it has the largest populationB. it was the first European settlementC. it has a strong French cultureD. it is more highly developed than other parts of Canada35.Australia ’ s most common native plants（ are ） .A. palms and rosesB. willows and sunflowersC. pines and orchidsD. eucalypts and wattles36.The first white settlement in Australia was set up on January 26, （）.A. 1778B. 1788C. 1878D. 188837.Ireland is called the Emerald Isle because of （） .A. its shapeB. its connection with BritainC. its abundant natural resourcesD. its green countryside38.The central part of Ireland is characterized by many lakes, low ridges and （） .4A. peat bogsB. rapid streamsC. small islandsD. high cliffs39.New Zealand consists of two main islands: （）.A. North Island and South islandB. Steward Island and Long IslandC. West Island and East IslandD. Victorian island and Tasman Island40.New Zealand’ s climate is generally（）and seasonal differences are not so great.A. dry and coldB. mild and moistC. hot and wetD. windy and coldPART TWO (60 POINTS)Ⅱ.Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (30 points, 3 points for each)41.How long was Britain under the Roman occupation?42.What is the main function of the House of Lords in Britain?43.What was the peculiar feature of the feudal system of England?44.Which sport is regarded as typically English?45.What are the principal functions of American higher education?46.What is meant by Operation Overlord?47.Why Americans are always on the move?48.How will you characterize American foreign policy in the early 1930s?49.What are the main characteristics of Canadian climate?50.Geographically, Australia can be divided into three major regions. What are they?Ⅲ.Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words.(20 points, 5 points for each)51.Stonehenge52.The Metropolitan Police Force53.Foreclosure54.ChicanoⅣ.Write between 100-120 words on EITHER of the following topics in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(10 points)55.What is Thatcherism and what are the major components of Thatcherism?56.In what sense was the War of 1812 important to the development of the United States?5。
英语国家概况自考试题及答案
英语国家概况自考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 英语作为官方语言的国家数量是：A. 5个B. 6个C. 7个D. 8个答案：C2. 美国的首都是：A. 纽约B. 华盛顿特区C. 洛杉矶D. 芝加哥答案：B3. 英国的货币单位是：A. 欧元B. 英镑C. 美元D. 日元答案：B4. 澳大利亚的国庆日是哪一天？A. 1月1日B. 7月4日C. 12月25日D. 1月26日答案：D5. 加拿大的官方语言包括：A. 英语和法语B. 英语和西班牙语C. 法语和德语D. 英语和德语答案：A6. 新西兰的首都是：A. 奥克兰B. 惠灵顿C. 基督城D. 但尼丁答案：B7. 英语中“Thanksgiving Day”指的是：A. 感恩节B. 圣诞节C. 万圣节D. 复活节答案：A8. 英国的哪个城市被称为“大学城”？A. 牛津B. 剑桥C. 爱丁堡D. 曼彻斯特答案：A9. 美国独立日是哪一天？A. 7月4日B. 7月14日C. 4月17日D. 10月12日答案：A10. 英语中“Big Ben”是指：A. 一个著名的运动员B. 伦敦的一座钟楼C. 一个著名的电影D. 一个著名的乐队答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11. 英语中“Black Friday”通常指的是感恩节之后的_________天，这一天标志着圣诞购物季的开始。
答案：第二天12. 英语中“Red Cross”是指国际性的志愿援助组织，其标志为_________十字。
答案：红13. 英语国家中，_________是唯一一个以英语为主要语言的亚洲国家。
答案：菲律宾14. 美国的自由女神像位于_________市。
答案：纽约15. 英语中“Easter”指的是_________节，是基督教的重要节日之一。
答案：复活16. 英语中“St. Patrick's Day”是_________的国庆日。
答案：爱尔兰17. 英语中“Commonwealth”指的是英联邦，它是一个由_________国家组成的国际组织。
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自考00522英语国家概况模拟试题及答案5 I.Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully.For eachunfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A,B,C andD are given.Choose the one you think best completes the statements oranswers the question.1.The economic policy Britain pursued in the 1950s and 1960s was based onthe theory of ____.A.Adam SmithB.John Maynard KeynesC.Margaret ThatcherD.Karl Marx2.In the 1970s Britain maintained the _____ growth rate and the _____inflation rate among the developed countries.A.lowest/lowestB.highest/highestC.lowest/highestD.highest/lowest3.Under Margaret Thatcher Britain experienced _______.A.economic recessionB.economic expansionC.economic declineD.economic depression4.In Britain service industries account for about ____ of its gross domesticproduct(GDP).A.one-thirdB.two-thirdsC.three-fifthsD.four-fifths5.The following are the reasons why British coal mining is today called a"sick"industry except _____.A.Britain has used up almost all coal depositsB.the demand for British coal has declinedC.petroleum,water power,and electric power are replacing coal formany purposesD.the old British mines are narrow and deep,making it difficult tosue machines fro mining.6.Which of the following is not true of British iron and steel industry?A.Britain's steel industry is declining.B.No more new discoveries of iron ore have been found in Britain.C.Supplies of iron ore are now mostly foreign.pared with newer plants in the world,Britain's steelworks arenot efficient.7.Rolls-Royce is world famous for _____.A.machine toolsB.household appliancesC.luxury automobilesD.high-quality knives and hand tools8.Why is it that Britain today imports more clothing than it exports?A.British clothing is of poor quality.B.Britain does not grow cotton.C.Many countries with lower costs can produce clothing more cheaply than the British can.D.Britain has a highly developed transportation system.9.The area between _____ and ______ is now often referred to as the "Silicon Glen".A.London/South WalesB.the Oxford/the CambridgeC.London/the CambridgeD.Glasgow/Edinburgh10.Which of the following is not true of Britain's agriculture?A.British farming is highly mechanized.B.Agriculture in Britain is intensive.C.British farming is very efficient.D.Britain's agriculture can produce enough food for its people.11.Which area is called the Garden of England and is famous for beautiful blossoms in spring?A.The county of Kent in southeastern England.B.The county of East Sussex in southern England.C.The county of West Sussex in southern England.D.The county of Essex in eastern England.12.Britain once imported chiefly _____ and exported mostly ______.A.manufactured products/raw materialsB.raw materials/manufactured productsC.foods/mineralsD.minerals/foods13.Britain's leading customers and suppliers are France,Germany and _____.A.JapanB.BelgiumC.the NetherlandsD.the United States14.Which of the following is not true of Britain's foreign trade?A.The value of Britain's exports of goods usually exceeds the value ofits imports.B.The value of Britain's imports of goods usually exceeds the value ofits exports.C.Manufactured goods now account for about 85%of British imports and about 80%of its exports.D.Most of the United Kingdom's trade is with other developed countries,especially other members of the European Union.15.The European Union(EU)is an organization of 15 _____ that promotes cooperation among its members.A.European countriesB.developed countriesC.Western European countriesD.Southern European countries16.Which of the following is not true of the European Union?A.The United States is also a member of the EU.B.The members of the EU cooperate in many areas,including politics and economics.C.The EU is a major economic unit.D.The combined value of the union's imports and exports is greater than that of any single country in the world.17.Headquarters of the European Union are in ______.A.Paris,FranceB.London,BritainC.Berlin,GermanyD.Brussels,Belgium18._____ started as a trading post of the Roman Empire about AD 43.A.The City of WestminsterB.The City of LondonC.West End of LondonD.East End of London19.Today,the City of London is the business center of London where _____ are located.A.big supermarketsB.theatres and cinemasrge financial organizationsD.restaurants and cafes20.What is Lloyd's?A.It is a famous bank.B.It is a big department store.C.It is a famous insurance company.D.It is a large hotel.1.B2.C3.B4.B5.A6.B7.C8.C9.D 10.D。