参考资料大学英语语法-主谓一致-(1)

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英语语法--主谓一致

英语语法--主谓一致

主谓一致三个原则:语法一致,意义一致,就近一致。

语法一致:1.用and和both……and连接的并列主语,其谓语动词通常用复数形式(注:①单个主语被不同并列定语修饰时,其谓语动词用复数e.g. Both bread and butter were sold out in that shop.②并列主语若指同一个人,同一事物或同一概念,其谓语动词要用单数形式,此时,and后面的名词无冠词e.g.The red and the white rose are beautiful.③由and连接的并列单数主语的前边如果分别有every,each,no或many a修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式)e.g.Many a (=many) teacher and many a student has seen it.2.在主谓语倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。

e.g. Here comes an old lady!3.一个名词后面有as well as, no less than, rather than, more than, but,except, besides, with, along with, together with, like, including, inaddition to等连接作用的词语带其他名词,谓语动词和第一个名词一致。

e.g. He, like you and Xiao Li, is very clever.All students except Tom are going.4.某些不定代词,如either, neither, each, one, the other, another, whoever,whatever, anybody, anything, somebody, someone, something, everybody,everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing等,当它们做主语时,其谓语动词通常用单数形式,其相应的代词一般采用第三人称单数形式。

英语语法---主谓一致

英语语法---主谓一致

主谓一致所谓主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词之间,即主语的人称和单复数形式决定着谓语动词对应的形式。

主谓一致的三个原则:语法一致,就近一致,意义一致。

1.两个名词由and连接作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数。

Both Jack and Tim are diving.但如果连接两个以上的名词指的是同一个人或物, 或者指同一概念的时候, 谓语要用单数。

The singer and dancer is going to give us a performance.✧特别注意:用and 连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包),knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

Whisky and soda is always his favorite drink.威士忌酒加苏打水是他是喜爱的饮品。

2.集合名词如public, family, class, crowd, population, team, group等作主语时, 如果强调整体,谓语动词用单数;指全体人员时, 动词则用复数。

His family is a large one. ( 强调整体)The family are all music lovers. (指家庭成员) 某些名词如people, police, cattle等,形式上是单数, 但意义上是复数, 谓语动词应用复数。

people指“民族”时是例外。

The police are searching for a thief.The cattle are eating grass on the hill.3.Everybody everything everyone somebody something someone anything anybody nobody nothing✧当这些词做主语时,谓语动词用单数,如Someone is asking for you.Nothing is found in the room.4.书名、时间、距离、价格、重量等的复数名词作主语时, 谓语动词常用单数。

英语中主谓一致知识点总结

英语中主谓一致知识点总结

英语中主谓一致知识点总结主谓一致是指主语与谓语在人称和数上保持一致的规则。

下面是一些主谓一致的知识点总结:一般情况下,主谓在人称和数上保持一致。

即,单数主语使用单数谓语动词,而复数主语使用复数谓语动词。

例子:He runs every morning. (他每天早上跑步。

)They run every morning. (他们每天早上跑步。

)若主语为第三人称单数形式,谓语动词要加上“-s”或者“-es”。

例子:He speaks English fluently. (他英语讲得很流利。

)She studies math every day. (她每天都学数学。

)若主语为第一人称复数或第二人称复数形式,谓语动词不加“-s”。

例子:We like to play soccer. (我们喜欢踢足球。

)You have to finish your homework. (你们必须完成作业。

)若主语为集体名词,根据语境决定是否使用单数或复数形式的谓语动词。

例子:The team is practicing for the game. (队伍正在为比赛进行练习。

)The team are having a meeting before the game. (队伍在比赛前开会。

)若主语为连接词(如and, or, neither...nor, either...or),谓语动词的形式要根据最接近的主语决定。

例子:John and Mary are siblings. (约翰和玛丽是兄妹。

)Neither the book nor the movie is interesting. (这本书和电影都不有趣。

)需要注意的是,有些名词,尽管是复数形式,但是在表示某个整体的时候可以当作单数,所以用单数谓语动词。

例子:My pants is too tight. (我的裤子太紧。

)Physics is a difficult subject. (物理是一个难的学科。

大学英语语法主谓一致 (1)

大学英语语法主谓一致 (1)

个性化教学辅导教案学员姓名:任课教师:黄老师所授科目:__英语___4、either, neither, each, every 或no +单数名词和由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词,都作单数看待。

如:Each of us has a new book. / Everything around us is matter.注意:①在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词(或代词)”作主语时,其谓语动词也可用复数。

如:Neither of the texts is (are) interesting. ②若none of后面的名词是不可数名词,它的谓语动词就要用单数;若它后面的名词是复数,它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。

如:None of us has (have) been to America.5、在定语从句时,关系代词that, who, which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。

如:He is one of my friends who are working hard. / He is the only one of my friends who is working hard.6、如果集体名词指的是整个集体,它的谓语动词用单数;如果它指集体的成员,其谓语动词就用复数形式。

这些词有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。

如:Class Four is on the third floor. / Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor.注意:people, police, cattle等名词一般都用作复数。

如:The police are looking for the lost child.7、由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。

(完整版)英语语法主谓一致

(完整版)英语语法主谓一致

1.主谓一致是指英语中谓语在人称、数及意义方面要与作主语的名词或代词一致。

2.主谓一致分为语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。

(1)语法一致原则:主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致。

主语为单数,谓语用单数;主语为复数,谓语用复数。

I often help him and he often helps me.(2)意义一致原则:主语和谓语在意义上单复数一致。

主语为单数,谓语用单数;主语为复数,谓语用复数。

The police are searching the woods for the murderer.(3)就近一直原则:当主语有两个或两个以上时,谓语动词由靠近它的主语确定。

并列主语的谓语一致1.And(1)两个单数名词用and连接,表示不同概念时,谓语用发复数。

Tom and Jack are close friends.(2)两个单数名词用and连接,表示同一歌人、同一个物,同一个概念,或表示不可分割的整体时,谓语用单数。

The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party.(3)被every,each,many a,no等限定的单数名词由and连接时,谓语仍用单数,其中,后一个限定词可以省略。

every ……and ……every,each……and……each,no……and……no, many a……and……many a。

Each boy and (each) girl has an apple.(4)一个单数名词被几个用and连接的并列形容词修饰时,可以指一件事或几件事,这种名词作主语,要根据意义一致的原则决定单复数。

Simple and plain living is a fine quality.生活简朴一种优良品质。

Ancient and modern history are the subjects we are studying.(5)由and连接的两个what的从句作主语时,要根据意义一致的原则决定单复数What he says and does do not agree.(言行不一致)What he says and does does not concern me.2.由either or, neither nor, not but, not only but also,or, nor连接的并列主语,谓语动词常和邻近的主语一致。

参考资料大学英语语法-主谓一致 (1)

参考资料大学英语语法-主谓一致 (1)

• 2. 意义一致原则 (Notiona •
• 3. 就近原则(Principle of Proximity)
• •
I. 以S结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致
• • • • • • • • • • • • 1.以S结尾的表示疾病的名词作主语时谓语用单数 arthritis:关节炎 bronchitis :支气管炎 mumps:腮腺炎 diabetes:糖尿病 phlebitis:静脉炎 但是measles(麻疹),rickets(软骨病) 谓语可用单/ 复数 2.以S结尾的表示游戏名称的名词谓语常用单数 darts:投镖游戏 dominoes:多米诺骨牌 marbles:打弹子游戏 billiards:台球 但cards(打纸牌)用复数; 当它们表示所用工具时谓语用复数 Darts is often played in English pubs. Two darts are thrown at every turn.
• 练习: • 1.The jury ____in opinion about “sentence of death.” • A. disagrees B. disagree • C. agrees D. has disagreed • 2.Today the public ____about the way nature is being ruined. • A. are concerned B. is concerned • C. have been concerned D. is being concerned • 3.The committee can't come to a decision because ____at odds. • A. it has B. they have C. it is D. they are • 4.The majority _____on Ben's side, but Peter disagrees with them on two points. • A. were B. was C. is D. are

(完整word版)英语专业四级语法之主谓一致

(完整word版)英语专业四级语法之主谓一致

主谓一致主谓一致即句子的主语和谓语动词在人称和数上保持一致。

大致有三个基本原则:1.语法一致原则,即主语是单数形式,谓语动词也采用单数形式;主语如是复数形式,谓语动词则相应的为复数形式。

2.意义一致原则,即主语、谓语不参照主语的语法形式,而是取决与主语所表述的实际意义为单数还是复数。

3.就近原则,即谓语动词和它最相邻的名词、代词或其它词在人称或数上保持一致。

专四考点:1.语法一致✧当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as等词引起的短语时,位于动词与前面的主语一致。

如:Tom as well as two of his classmates was invited to the party. 汤姆和他的两个同学被邀请去参加聚会。

The president of the college, together with the deans, is planning a conference for the purpose of laying down certain regulations. 该大学的校长准备和院长们一起开会制定校规。

✧如果主语是由“a committee of, a panel of, a/the board of + 复数名词”构成,谓语动词通常用单数。

如:A panel of scientific advisers to the agency is expected to make a formalrecommendation on Monday. 药监局的科学顾问小组将在周一提出正式建议。

The board of manager is responsible for the firm. 经理委员会对公司负责。

2.意义一致✧代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语,或主语中含有each, every,谓语需用单数。

专升本英语语法---主谓一致

专升本英语语法---主谓一致

主谓一致一、概念:主谓一致是指谓语在人称和数上必须和主语的人称和数保持一致。

这是英语语法中必须遵循的基本规则。

二、主谓一致主要有以下几种情况:语法一致,就近一致和意义一致。

(一)、语法一致:主语为单数形式, 谓语动词也用单数形式; 主语为复数形式, 谓语动词也用复数形式。

e.g. I often help him and he often helps me. We often help each other.不可数名词作主语, 谓语动词用单数;可数名词的复数形式作主语, 谓语动词用复数。

1. 由and连接的两个名词或代词做主语:①The worker and writer ______(be) from Wuhan.那个工人兼作家②The worker and the writer ______ (be) from Beijing. 那位工人和那位作家③The secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B.was C. are D. were(1)这部分主语表示的是两个人或两件不同的事物,谓语动词用复数形式。

例如:① My brother and I have both seen that film.② Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China.③ The poet and the novelist were both present at the meeting.(2)这部分主语表示具有两个身份或性质的同一个人或一个完整的事物,谓语动词用单数形式,这时 and 后面的名词前没有冠词。

例:① The st atesman and poet was engaged in warfare all his life.② War and peace is a constant theme in history.③ One more knife and fork is needed.④Bread and butter is our daily food.⑤ Law and order has been established.(3)这部分主语前面有each, every, many a, no 等修饰时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。

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指导原则
• 1.语法一致原则(Grammatical Concord) • 主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主
语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式。 • The number of errors was surprising. • Jane and Mary look alike. • 2. 意义一致原则 (Notional Concord) • 1)主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓
hard to get rid of. • Many cattle are kept. 饲养了很多牲畜。 • Several hundred police were on
duty.几百个警察在执勤。 • The police are searching for him. • 2. 通 常 用 作 单 数 的 集 体 名 词 :advice,
• mathematics:数学 physics:物理学
• optics:光学
statistics:统计学
• politics:政治学 响效果
acoustics:声学/音
• economics:经济学 athletics:体育学
• mechanics:机械学 seman学 tactics:兵法/策略
• species:种类
works:工厂
• crossroads:十字路口
• This glass works was set up in 2008.
• These glass works are near the railway station.
• 9.少数名词用作单数和用作复数意义不同
• 练习: • 1.The Alps (covers, cover) an area of
II. 集体名词(Collective Noun) 作主语的主谓一致
• 1. 通 常 用 作 复 数 的 集 体 名 词 :people, police, folk, youth, cattle, poultry, militia, vermin
• His cattle were still lean. • Such vermin as bugs and rats are
• goods:货物
suburbs:郊区
• thanks:谢意
wages: 工资
• stairs:楼梯
remains:遗体
• morals:道德,品行 minutes:记录
• 注:whereabouts(行踪,下落), dramatics(舞台艺术)可用单/复数
• 7.凡是由-ings结尾的名词常用作复数
• 当这类名词表示学科以外的其它意义时用作 复数
• Statistics is not as difficult as some
• 4.以S 结尾的地理名称如山脉,海峡,瀑布, 群岛等通常用作复数
• the West Indies西印度群岛 • the Bahamas巴哈马群岛 • the Himalayas喜马拉雅山脉 • the Straits of Gibraltar直布罗陀海峡 • the Niagara Falls 尼亚加拉瀑布 • the Rockies 落基山脉 • 但如果是国名,则用作单数,如:the
bronchitis :支气管
• mumps:腮腺炎
diabetes:糖尿病
• phlebitis:静脉炎
• 但是measles(麻疹),rickets(软骨病) 谓语 可用单/复数
• 2.以S结尾的表示游戏名称的名词谓语常用单 数
• darts:投镖游戏 牌
dominoes:多米诺骨
• 3.以ics结尾的学科名称通常用单数
语动词为复数。 • The crowd were running for their
lives. • 单数形式代表复数内容的词有:people,
police, cattle, militia等。
I. 以S结尾的名词作主语的主谓 一致
• 1.以S结尾的表示疾病的名词作主语时谓语用 单数
• arthritis:关节炎 炎
United States, the United Nations, the Netherlands(荷兰)。
• 5.由二部分组成的物体通常以S结尾,如果 不带“一把”等单位词而单独使用,通常用
• 6.下列以s结尾的名词通常用作复数
• archives:档案
arms:武器
• eaves:屋檐
contents:内容
• clippings:剪下来的东西 filings:锉屑
• earnings:收入 的东西
diggings:掘出
• 8.以S结尾的单,复数同形的名词,谓语动 词形式取决于这些名词是用作单数还是用作 复数;意义不同,单/复数也不同
• barracks:营房 总部
headquarters:
• means:方法,手段,工具 series:系列
200,000 square kilometers and (is ,are) the greatest mountain range in Europe. • 2.Draughts (is, are) an easier game than chess. • 3.What (is, are) his politics ? • 4.The remains of Shakespeare (is, are) buried on Stratford-on-Avon. • 5.Politics (is, are) the art or science of government. • 6.Mr Smith’s morals (is, are) above criticism.
大学英语语法 English Grammar
齐大外语学院英语系 高妍
Mar.5 2009
大学英语语法 第一讲 主谓一致
第一讲 主谓一致 Subject-verb Concord
• “一致”(concord或agreement)指句 子成分之间或词语之间在语法形式上的协 调关系。主谓一致指主语和谓语动词之间 在“人称”和“数”的方面的一致关系, 这又叫做“主-动一致”( Subject-verb Concord )。
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