托福570高频词汇V2.1

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570个托福学术性词汇(AWL)

Table of ContentsI. The Importance of Learning Academic VocabularyII. What is the Academic Word List?III. How to Use the Academic Word ListI. The Importance of Learning Academic VocabularyOne of the most important areas of English that international students planning to study in North American universities need to focus on is vocabulary expansion, especially academic vocabulary. Here are some interesting statistics for you to ponder:- A vocabulary base of 2000 common words in English will only allow you to comprehend about 80% of the words in a n academic text.- A vocabulary base of 3000 words will only increase that to 85%.- Although there are about 54,000 word families in English, comprehension of about 3-5000 is considered the minimum for success at the university level.With this information in mind, the question of which words to study to reach that 3-5000 word level is quite legitimate. Fortunately, there is a good answer to that. The Academic Word List (or AWL) is a compilation of commonly used words within an academic context. These are probably very useful words to learn if you intend to take the TOEFL® iBT Test to enter a North American university.II. What is the Academic Word List?The Academic Word List (also referred to as the AWL), developed by Averil Coxhead at Victoria University of Wellington in New Zealand, consists of vocabulary that students are likely to encounter in most academic subjects. It consists of the 570 most common word families in academic texts, excluding about 2000 basic English words such as the, in, of, about, under, dog, cat, that, and so on.English learners who learn and practice the words on the AWL before attending university are likely to be able to master academic material with more confidence and speed, wasting less time and effort in guessing the meaning of words or consulting dictionaries than those who only know the basic 2,000-words, which characterize ordinary conversation. An added feature of the AWL is that by learning one word on it, there are often a number of other frequently used forms to learn as well. For example, the word 'analysis' from the AWL has a number of other forms that are useful to know:analyze analyzing analysisanalyzed analytically analystanalyzer analytical analytic analysesWhen learning these words you should also learn their pronunciation. You need to recognize them when you hear them spoken and you need to be able to pronounce them correctly. In some cases, the part of the word or syllable that is stressed might change. For example:an alyze (The underlined letters in bold show the stressed syllable)an al ysisMastering the word families on the AWL can quickly help you reach that 3-5000 word family goal needed for success at the university level in an English-speaking country. Learning the first 2000 basic English words and the 570 word families from the AWL will allow you to comprehend about 90% of the words encountered in academic text. Keep this in mind:“If, instead of focusing on the AWL, a student moves on to the third 1000 most common everyday English words, instead of an additional 10% coverage there would be only an extra 4.3% coverage of the essential vocabulary needed for academic success.”-Nation, P. (2001) Learning Vocabulary in Another Language. Cambridge; Cambridge University Press. Clearly then, if you are an ESL learner intending to study at the university level in an English-speaking country, the Academic Word List is worth studying.The 570 Words of the Academic Word List(in alphabetical order)abandon assess commence context abstract assign comment contract access assist commissioncontradict accommodate assume commit contrary accompany assure commodity contrast accumulate attach communicate contribute accurate attain community controversyconvene achieve attitude compatibleacknowledge attribute compensate converseacquire author compile convertconvincecomplementadapt authorityadequate automate complex cooperatecoordinate adjacent available componentcoreadjust aware compoundcorporate administrate behalf comprehensivecorrespond adult benefit compriseadvocate bias compute coupleaffect bond conceivecreate aggregate brief concentrate creditcriteria aid bulk conceptalbeit capablecrucialconcludeculture allocate capacity concurrentconductcurrency alter categoryalternative cease confer cycle ambiguous challenge confine dataamend channel confirm debate analogy chapter conflict decade analyze chart conform decline annual chemical consent deduceconsequent define anticipate circumstancedefinite apparent cite considerableappend civil consist demonstrate appreciate clarify constant denote approach classic constitute deny appropriate clause constrain depress approximate code construct derivearbitrary coherent consult designconsumedespite area coincideaspect collapse contact detectdeviate assemble colleague contemporaryframework inevitable device equivalentdevote erode function infer differentiate error fund infrastructure dimension establish fundamental inherentinhibit diminish estate furthermorediscrete estimate gender initial discriminate ethic generate initiatedisplace ethnic generation injure display evaluate globe innovate dispose eventual goal input distinct evident grade insert distort evolve grant insight distribute exceed guarantee inspect diverse exclude guideline instance document exhibit hence institute domain expand hierarchy instruct domestic expert highlight integral dominate explicit hypothesis integrateintegrity draft exploit identicaldrama export identify intelligence duration expose ideology intense dynamic external ignorance interact economy extract illustrate intermediateinternalimageedit facilitateelement factor immigrate interpret eliminate feature impact intervalintervene emerge federal implementemphasis fee implicate intrinsic empirical file implicit invest enable final imply investigate finance impose invoke encounterenergy finite incentive involve enforce flexible incidence isolate enhance fluctuate incline issue enormous focus income itemjobensure format incorporateentity formula index journal environment forthcoming indicate justifylabel equate found individualinduce labor equip foundationpolicy react layer neverthelessportion recover lecture nonethelesslegal norm pose refine legislate normal positive regimeregion levy notion potentialliberal notwithstandingregisterpractitionerlicense nuclear precede regulate likewise objective precise reinforcerejectpredictlink obtainrelax locate obvious predominantrelease logic occupypreliminarymaintain occur presume relevantreluctance major odd previousmanipulate offset primary relymanual ongoing prime remove margin option principal require mature orient principle research maximize outcome prior reside mechanism output priority resolvemedia overall proceed resource mediate overlap process respondrestore medical overseas professionalmedium panel prohibit restrainproject restrict mental paradigmpromote retain method paragraphreveal migrate parallel proportionprospect revenue military parameterminimal participateprotocol reverse minimize partner psychology revise minimum passive publication revolution ministry perceive publish rigidrole minor percent purchasemode period pursue routescenario modify persist qualitativequote schedule monitor perspectivemotive phase radical schemerandom scope mutual phenomenonrange section negate philosophynetwork physical ratio sector neutral plus rational secureseek tape visible select target vision sequence task visualseries team volumevoluntary sex technicalshift techniquewelfare significant technology whereaswhereby similar temporarysimulate tense widespread site terminateso-called textsole themesomewhat theorysource therebyspecific thesisspecify topicsphere tracestable traditionstatistic transferstatus transformstraightforward transitstrategy transmitstress transportstructure trendstyle triggersubmit ultimatesubordinate undergosubsequent underliesubsidy undertakesubstitute uniformsuccessor unifysufficient uniquesum utilizesummary validsupplement varysurvey vehiclesurvive versionsuspend viasustain violatesymbol virtualIII. How to Use the Academic Word ListThe words from the Academic Word List can be learned in several ways, such as:i) By reading academic texts and listening to academic lectures and discussions as much as possible.ii) By taking part in academic discussions and writing academic texts.iii) By directly studying words from the AWL using word cards and doing intensive study of short academic texts.The following are some more general suggestions for learning academic vocabulary:► Read, Read, Read! Most vocabulary words are learned from context. The more words you're exposed to, the better vocabulary you will have. While you read, pay close attention to words you don't know. First, try to figure out their meanings from context. Then look the words up. Read and listen to challenging material so that you'll be exposed to many new words.If you’re preparing for the TOEFL® iBT Test, you should not only study the Academic Word List but also read English newspapers, college textbooks, and magazines on a regular basis. When you come across an unknown word, write it down in a notebook. Use a good learner’s dictionary to find the definition and write it in the notebook along with any derivations (i.e.: other words formed from the same root) and the part of speech (e.g.: noun). Try to use the word in an example sentence. Then write the new word on one side of a 5” x 7” index card, and the definition on the other side. Try to make 7-10 flash cards per day, and group them into categories (e.g.: biology, government, law, geography, history, etc.). Review them frequently. If you can learn 10 new words a day, that’s 300 new words a month!► Improve your context skills. Research shows that the vast majority of words are learned from context. To improve your context skills pay close attention to how words are used. Doing a search on a word using (for searching newsgroups) will give you many examples of how that word is used in context.► Practice, practice, practice. Learning a word won't help very much if you promptly forget it. Research shows that it takes from 10 to 20 repetitions to really make a word part of your vocabulary. As we just mentioned, it really helps to write the word - both the definition and a sentence you make up using the word – in a notebook or on an index card that can later be reviewed. As soon as you learn a new word, start using it.► Make up as many associations and connections as possible. Say the word aloud to activate your auditory memory. Relate the word to words you already know. For example, the word GARGANTUAN (very large) has a similar meaning to the words gigantic, huge, large, etc. You could make a sequence: small, medium, large, very large, GARGANTUAN. List as many things as you can that could be considered GARGANTUAN: Godzilla, the circus fat lady, the Tokyo Dome, etc. Create pictures of the word's meaning that involve strong emotions. Think "the GARGANTUAN creature was going to rip me apart and then eat me!"►Use mnemonics (memory tricks). For example, consider the word EGREGIOUS (extremely bad). Think EGG REACH US - imagine we've made a mistake so bad that people are throwing eggs at us and a rotten EGG REACHes US. Humorous little word pictures in your mind will help you remember what words mean, and they’re fun to make up. Also, find out which learning style suits you best. Everyone learns differently!► Get in the habit of looking up words you don't know. If you have a dictionary program on your computer, keep it open and handy. America Online and other Internet services have dictionaries and thesauruses on their tool bars. Find them and look up any word you are not absolutely sure of. Use a thesaurus when you write to find the word that fits best.► Play with words. Play word games like Scrabble or Boggle, and do crossword puzzles. These and other word games are available for the computer, so you are not dependent on a partner to play. Also, try out the Franklin Electronic Dictionary that features built-in word games.► Study Latin! Study Latin root words, prefixes, and suffixes to further expand your vocabulary, and to help you make educated guesses about the meaning of unknown words in a test situation.►Get excited about English words! Try to appreciate the subtle differences between words. Do you know the difference between something that denotes something else and something that connotes something else? If not, go look it up. Learn to say what you really mean and discover the joys of being able to express yourself in writing. Your future can depend on how rich your vocabulary is. It will also determine the quality of your communication. Let building your vocabulary be a lifelong proposition.►Study relevant word lists. In addition to studying the AWL, be sure to get a copy of ESL Pro System’s 1000 Key English Words & Idioms CD-ROM. With this essential ESL vocabulary builder, your English will improve faster than you could ever imagine!。

托福570核心词汇词源解析_王鑫(1)

托福 570核心词汇速记—上a bandobandon n 放弃;遗弃 v. go away from a person or thing or placeband age n. 绷带(band-绑, age-名词后缀band it n. 强盗(强盗就是把你给“绑起来”bound ary 界限(把一个地区或国家给“绑”起来,就成界限了bound 界限abound 充满abstract 抽象的 adj. existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or practical dis tract v 分散;使混乱(dis 分开+tract→思想被拉开→分心,分散ex tract v 抽出;提炼出(ex 出+tract→拉出来→提炼出re tract v 缩进;退缩(re 往回+tract→向后拉→缩进con tract 合同(con-共同,合同就是拉住对方,起限制作用academy 学院,学术 n. school for special trainingaccess 通路,入口 n. ~means of approaching or entering (aplace; way inre cess 休息;隐居(re 回+cess →走回去→休息re cess ion 撤退;交还(recess+ion→走回去→撤退pro cess 进度accommodate 提供住宿,供给,调节 v. provide lodging or room formod esty n 谦虚,有礼rem odel v 改形;改造(re 再+mod+el→再造模型→改形mod ify v 修改(mod+ify→规范化→修改com mod ity n 商品(com 共同+mod+ity→按照同样的模式做出来的东西→商品accompany 陪伴 v. walk or travel with (sbas a companion or helper; escortpan try n. 面包房,食品室accumulate 积聚,堆积 v. gradually get or gather together an increasing numberaccurate 精确的 adj. free from errorse cure v. 把 ... 弄牢;使安全; adj. 安全的,放心的,可靠的se cur ity n. 保安ass ure 保证,担保ens ure 保证,确保a chieve 达到 v. gain or reach (sth,usu by effort, skill, courage, etca cknowledge 承认 , 答谢 v. accept the truth of admit (sthacquire 获得 , 取得 , 学到 v. gain (sthby one's own ability, efforts or behaviour写作替代 get 的闪光词汇! ! in quire v. 询问 , 问明 , 查究query n. 疑问 , 疑问号 , 质问; v. 问en quire v. 询问 , 调查quest ionnaire n. 调查表adapt 使 ... 适应 , 改编 v. ~sth (forsth make sth suitable forad apt able 有适应能力的in apt 不适当的;无能的(in-表否定+apt 能力ad ept 熟练的,老练的(ad+ept=apt→有能力→熟练的adequate 足够的,充足的,适当的,能胜任的 adj. ~satisfactory in quantity or quality equ al a 相等的,平等的equal ity n 平等equa tion n 方程式equat or n 赤道(equate+or→平分地球的地方→赤道adjacent 毗连的,邻近的,接近的 having a common endpoint【词源解析】 ad-强调, jec-来自 ject(扔,投掷 , ent 后缀;不断向你仍过来→靠近。

(完整版)托福必背高频词汇

托福必背高频词汇1. a matter of speculation =supposition n.推断2. a solicitation of =an invitation of n. 垦求;垦请3. abandoned= left a. 被遗弃的4. aberrant= abnormal a. 脱离常轨的,5. abort= quit v. 夭折;中止6. abruptly= suddenly ad. 突然地;意外地7. absorb =appeal v. 吸收;被…吸引8. absorb= learn(学习) v. 吸收9. absorb= take in v. 吸收;被…吸引10. abstract= not concrete a. 抽象的;非实际的11. absurd= ridiculous a. 荒谬的;可笑的12. abundance= large amount n. 大量13. abundance= great number n. 大量14. abundant = affluent a. 丰富的;大量的15. abundant= ample a. 丰富的;大量的16. abundant= numerous a. 丰富的;大量的17. abundant= plentiful a. 丰富的;大量18. abundant= substantial a. 丰富的;大量的19. abundantly= plentifully ad. 丰富地;大量地20. access =reach v. 接近21. accessible =reachable a. 可接近的22. accessible =easy to reach a. 易接近的23. accidental =unexpected a. 意外的;偶然的24. accommodate= provide for v. 提供25. accomplished =achieved a. 实现完成的26. accomplished =skilled a. 熟练的27. account= description n. 说明28. account for= explain v. 说明29. accumulate =collect v. 积累;聚集30. accumulate =pile up v. 积累;聚集聚集31. accurate =correct a. 正确的32. accurately= correctly ad. 正确地33. acknowledge= recognize v. 承认34. actually= in fact ad. 事实上35. added =extra a. 附加的;额外的36. adept =skilled a. 熟练的37. adherent= supporter n. 拥护者38. adjacent =nearby a. 毗连的39. adjacent =neighboring a. 毗连的40. adjust= modify v. 调整;改变…以适应41. administer = manage v. 管理42. admit= let in v. 准许进入43. adopt= enact v. 采用44. advance= improvement n. 发展;增长45. advent= arrival n. 出现;到来46. advent= beginning n. 出现;到来47. affair= matter n. 事件;事情48. afford= provide v. 提供;给予49. aggravate= increase v. 加重;增剧50. aggravate =annoy v. 使恼火51. aggregate= overall a. 聚集的;合计的52. aggregate= combined a. 聚集的;合计的53. agile= astute a. 灵活的;敏捷的54. agile= clever a. 灵活的;敏捷的55. agile= quick and active a. 灵活的;敏捷的56. agile= move and act quickly a. 灵活的;敏捷的57. air= feeling n. 气氛58. alarm= sound v. 警报59. alarm= warning n. 警告60. albeit= although conj. 尽管;虽然61. albeit =even though conj. 尽管;虽然62. allow= enable v. 允许63. allude= suggest v. 暗示64. allude to= refer to phrv. 提到65. ally with= link to v. 结盟66. alter= change to v. 改变67. amazing= remarkable/replacement a.令人惊讶的/非凡的68. ambiguous =vague a. 不明确的69. ambivalent =mixed a. 矛盾的70. ample= plentiful a. 充足的;丰富的71. ample =spacious a. 宽敞的72. anchor= hold in place v. 使固定73. ancient= old a. 古老的74. ancient =antique a. 古老的75. annihilate= destroy v. 消灭76. annihilate =completely remove v. 消灭77. annually= yearly ad. 每年78. anomaly= irregularity n. 异常的人或物79. antagonist =competitor n. 对手;敌手80. anticipate= expect v. 预期81. antiseptic =clean a. 抗菌的82. antithesis= opposite n. 对立面83. antler =horn n. 鹿角84. anxiety =worry n. 忧虑;担心85. apart from= exception phr. 除了…之外86. apart from =except for phr. 除了…之外87. apparatus= equipment n. 仪器;设备88. apparent =obvious a. 显然的89. apparently= clearly ad. 显然地90. appeal= attraction n. 吸引力91. appealing =attractive a. 有吸引力的92. appear= seem v. 似乎93. appearance= rise n. 出现94. appearance= arrival n. 出现95. appearance= showing up n. 出现96. application= use n. 应用97. appreciable= noticeable a. 相当可观的98. approach =method n. 方法99. approach= move toward v. 接近100. approximately= roughly ad. 大约地101. architecture= structure n. 构造102. archive= record v. 存档103. archive= stock v. 存档104. archive= store v. 存档105. arduous= difficult a. 艰巨的106. arid =dry a. 干旱的107. arise= emerge v. 出现108. arrangement= configuration n. 安排;布置109. array=range n. 一系列110. article= item n. 物品111. article= object n. 物品112. as a rule =in general phr. 通常113. assert= declare v. 断言;宣称114. assertion= strong statement n. 断言;主张115. asset= advantage n. 资产;有利条件116. assimilate= combine v. 同化117. assistance= help n. 帮助;协助118. assorted= various a. 各式各样的119. assume= believe v. 假定;设想120. assume= suppose v. 假定;设想121. assume= take on v. 承担122. assumption= premise n. 假设123. astonishing= amazing a. 惊人的124. astute= clever a. 敏锐的125. at random= without a definite pattern phr. 随便地; 任意地126. attachment to= preference for n. 依恋127. attain =achieve v. 达到;获得128. attainment =achievement n. 达到;获得129. attendant= accompanying a. 伴随的130. attest to =confirm v. 证实131. attribute= accredit v. 归于;认为132. attribute =characteristic n. 特点133. attribute to =credit with v. 归于; 认为134. attribution =character n. 属性135. augment= increase v. 增加;提高136. available =obtainable a. 可获得的137. avenue= method n. 途径;手段138. avenue =means n. 途径;手段139. avid= enthusiastic a. 热中的140. barely = just ad. 仅仅121. assume= take on v. 承担122. assumption= premise n. 假设123. astonishing= amazing a. 惊人的124. astute= clever a. 敏锐的125. at random= without a definite pattern phr. 随便地; 任意地126. attachment to= preference for n. 依恋127. attain =achieve v. 达到;获得128. attainment =achievement n. 达到;获得129. attendant= accompanying a. 伴随的130. attest to =confirm v. 证实查看全部：托福必背高频词汇大全(完整版)131. attribute= accredit v. 归于;认为132. attribute =characteristic n. 特点133. attribute to =credit with v. 归于; 认为134. attribution =character n. 属性135. augment= increase v. 增加;提高136. available =obtainable a. 可获得的137. avenue= method n. 途径;手段138. avenue =means n. 途径;手段139. avid= enthusiastic a. 热中的140. barely = just ad. 仅仅141. barge= boat n. 驳船142. barrier= obstacle n. 障碍143. barrier =impediment n. 障碍144. battle= struggle n. 搏斗;奋斗145. be inclined =tend v. 倾向146. be accustomed to= get used to phrv. 习惯147. be aware of =familiar with phrv. 了解148. be beforehand= foreordain v. 预先149. be closer resemblance to= be more like phr. 非常相似150. be consistent with= be compatible with phr. 一致的151. be entitled to= have the right phrv. 有…权利152. beckon= invite v. 招唤;引诱153. become extinct= die out phrv. 灭绝154. being= creature n. 生命155. beneficial =advantageous a. 有益的156. blossom= flourish v. 兴旺157. blossom= thrive v. 兴旺158. boast= puff v. 吹嘘159. boast= exaggerate v. 吹嘘160. bombard= assail v. 炮击;轰击161. bombard =assault v. 炮击;轰击162. bombard =strike v. 炮击;轰击163. boom= expansion n. 激增;爆涨164. boon= great benefit n. 利益165. boost= raise v. 增加;提高166. boundary= periphery n. 边界167. branch =division n. 分支168. breed= reproduce v. 繁殖;饲养169. brilliant= bright a. 光辉的;明亮的170. brittle= breakable a. 脆弱的171. brittle= fragile a. 脆弱的172. broad appeal =wide popularity a. 广泛的吸引力173. broadly =generally ad. 大体上174. broadly= extensively ad. 大体上175. bulk= majority n. 大部份176. bulk= large part n. 大部份177. bulk =major part n. 主体178. bulk= large portion n. 大部份179. bulk= great quantity n. 大部份180. burgeon= expand v. 急速成长181. bustling= lively a. 活跃的182. camouflage= disguise v. 伪装183. camouflage =hide v. 伪装184. camouflage= decorate(装饰) v. 伪装185. camouflage= blend with circumstances v. 伪装186. cardinal= fundamental a. 基本的187. cargo= shipment n. 船货;货物188. celebrated= famous a. 着名的189. central= essential a. 主要的190. certain= specified a. 指定的191. chancy =risky a. 冒险的查看全部：托福必背高频词汇大全(完整版)192. channel =provide v. 提供帮助193. channel =direct v. 引导194. channel =guide v. 引导195. chaotic= disorganized a. 混乱的196. cherish =value v. 珍爱197. chief= major a. 主要的198. chisel =carve v. 刻;凿199. choose= opt v. 选择200. chronic= persistent a. 长期的;不断的201. chronic =confirmed a. 长期的;不断的202. chronic= habitual a. 长期的;不断的203. chronic =inveterate a. 长期的;不断的204chronically=constantly ad. 长期地205. circuitous =indirect a. 迂迴的206. circumstance= condition n. 环境;情况207. cite= quote v. 引用208. cite =refer to v. 引用209. classic =typical a. 典型的210. clear =visible a. 容易看见的211. clear= apparent a. 显然的212. cling to= attach to v. 附着213. close= careful a. 严密的;周密的214. clue= hint n. 线索215. coating= cover n. 覆盖层216. coincide with= be as the same time as v.同时发生217. collaborate= cooperate v. 合作218. collaboration= joint effect n. 合作成果219. collect =gather v. 收集220. collide= hit each other v. 碰撞201. chronic =confirmed a. 长期的;不断的202. chronic= habitual a. 长期的;不断的203. chronic =inveterate a. 长期的;不断的204chronically=constantly ad. 长期地205. circuitous =indirect a. 迂迴的206. circumstance= condition n. 环境;情况207. cite= quote v. 引用208. cite =refer to v. 引用209. classic =typical a. 典型的210. clear =visible a. 容易看见的211. clear= apparent a. 显然的212. cling to= attach to v. 附着213. close= careful a. 严密的;周密的214. clue= hint n. 线索215. coating= cover n. 覆盖层216. coincide with= be as the same time as v.同时发生217. collaborate= cooperate v. 合作218. collaboration= joint effect n. 合作成果219. collect =gather v. 收集220. collide= hit each other v. 碰撞221. collide with =run into v. 碰撞222. commemorate =celebrate v. 庆祝;纪念223. compact =concise a. 紧密的;简明的224. compact= compressed(结实的) a. 紧密的;简明的225. comparable= equivalent a. 可比较的226. comparative = relative a.相当的227. compel =push v. 强迫228. compelling= convincing a. 令人信服的229. compensate= reimburse v. 赔偿;补偿230. compensate for =balance phrv. 赔偿;补偿231. complaint =protest v. 抗议232. complement= supplement n. 补充物233. complement= add to v. 补充234. completely= totally ad. 完全地235. complex= elaborate a. 复杂的236. complex =system n. 复合物;综合体237. complicated =complex a. 复杂的238. complicated =made things more difficult a. 复杂的239. component= constituent a. 组成的240. composition= mixture n. 合成物241. comprehensive= understandable a. 能理解的242. comprehensive= complete a. 全部的243. comprise= form v. 组成244. comprise =make up v. 组成245. concern= interest v. 感兴趣246. conclusive= final a. 最后的247. conclusive= ultimate a. 最后的248. conducive= contributive a. 有助于...的249. configuration= arrangement n. 布局;结构250. configuration= form n. 佈局;结构251. confine =limit/boundary v. 限制252. confront= face v. 面临253. congeal= solidify v. 使凝结254. consecutive= successive a. 连续的255. consequence= result n. 结果;重要性256. consequence =importance n. 结果;重要性257. consequent= later a. 随后的258. consequent= resultant a. 作为结果的259. consequent =resulting a. 作为结果的260. consequential= significant a. 重要的261. consequently= therefore ad. 因此262. consequently= thus ad. 因此263. conserve= save v. 保存264. consider =think as v. 考虑;认为265. consider =view as v. 考虑;认为266. consider =think about v. 考虑;认为认为267. considerable= substantial/significant a. 相当大的268. consist of =compose of v. 由…组成269. consistent= regular a. 一致的270. consistently=regularly ad. 一致地271. conspicuous= notable a. 明显的272. constant =stable a. 固定的;不变的273. constantly =always ad. 经常;不断地274. constellation =collection n. 一系列;一群275. constellation =combination n. 一系列;一群276. constitution= component n. 构造277. constrain =restrict v. 限制278. constraint= limit n. 限制279. constraint= restriction n. 限制280. consume= eat up v. 消耗;吃;喝吃;喝281. consumed= used up v. 消耗282. contemplate= consider v. 沉思283. contentious= disputed a. 好争吵的284. continual= constant a. 不间断的;连续的285. continuous =uninterrupted a. 连续的;持续的286. contrive= create v. 发明287. contrive= invent v. 发明288. conventional= customary a. 习惯的;惯例的289. conventional= traditional a. 习惯的;惯例的290. converging= concentrating a. 收缩的;会聚的291. convert =transform v. 使转变292. convert into= change to v. 转变成293. convict= condemn v. 宣判294. convict =sentence v. 宣判295. convict =doom(判决) v. 宣判296. conviction= belief n. 相信;信念297. conviction =strong belief n. 坚定的信念298. cope with= handle phrv. 应付;处理299. cope with= deal with phrv. 应付;处理300. copious= plentiful a. 丰富的;大量的281. consumed= used up v. 消耗282. contemplate= consider v. 沉思283. contentious= disputed a. 好争吵的284. continual= constant a. 不间断的;连续的285. continuous =uninterrupted a. 连续的;持续的286. contrive= create v. 发明287. contrive= invent v. 发明288. conventional= customary a. 习惯的;惯例的289. conventional= traditional a. 习惯的;惯例的290. converging= concentrating a. 收缩的;会聚的291. convert =transform v. 使转变292. convert into= change to v. 转变成293. convict= condemn v. 宣判294. convict =sentence v. 宣判295. convict =doom(判决) v. 宣判296. conviction= belief n. 相信;信念297. conviction =strong belief n. 坚定的信念298. cope with= handle phrv. 应付;处理299. cope with= deal with phrv. 应付;处理300. copious= plentiful a. 丰富的;大量的301. core =center n. 核心;要点302. correspondence= harmony n. 一致303. corroborate= confirm v. 证实;确证304. costly= expensive a. 贵重的;昂贵的305. counsel =advise v. 忠告306. countless= innumerable a. 数量很多的307. counter= oppose v. 反对308. counter of= in the opposite of a. 相反的309. counterpart= version(版本) n. 复本;副本310. counterpart= similitude(类似物) n. 复本;副本311. counterpart= equivalent(同等物) n. 复本;副本321. critical= essential a. 关键的322. criticize =debate(争论;辩论) v. 批评;责备323. crucial= important a. 重要的324. crucially= decisively ad. 关键地325. crushed =ground a. 碾碎了的326. cumbersome awkward a. 笨重的;麻烦的327. cumbersome= clumsy a. 笨重的;麻烦的328. cumbersome= unwieldy a. 笨重的;麻烦的329. curb= control v. 控制;遏止330. current =present a. 现在的331. dam= block v. 筑坝;控制341. delight= pleasure n. 高兴;愉快342. deluxe= lavish a. 奢华的343. demand= need n. 需要;需求344. demise =extinction n. 死亡345. demography= population n. 人口统计346. dense= crowded a. 稠密的;密集的347. dense= thick a. 稠密的;密集的348. depend= rely on v. 依赖;依靠依靠349. dependable= reliable a. 可信赖的350. depict= describe v. 描述351. depict= portray v. 描写;描绘352. depletion= drain n. 消耗;用尽353. deposit =accumulate v. 沉积354. deposit= lay down v. 放下;放置355. derive= arise v. 源于;导出356. design =create v. 设计357. designate= identify v. 命名;指定358. detractor= critic(批评者) n. 诽谤者;恶意批评者359. detrimental =harmful a. 有害的;不利的360. deviate= digress v. 偏离361. deviation= departure n. 背离362. devise= create v. 设计;发明363. devoid of= lack of a. 缺乏的364. devoid of= without(prep.) a. 缺乏的365. devoid of= scant of a. 缺乏的366. devoted =dedicated a. 虔诚的;专心致志的367. devoted to =concentrated on a. 虔诚的;专心致志的368.discernible = noticeable a. 可感知到，可注意到的369. dictate= determine v. 口授;命令370. dictate= order v. 命令371. differential= uneven a. 差别的;独特的372. diffuse =travel v. 扩散;散布373. diffuse= spread(out) v. 扩散;散布374. diligent= careful a. 勤奋的375. diligently= carefully ad. 勤奋地376. dilute= reduce v. 稀释;使薄弱377. dim= decrease v. 变暗淡378. disassemble= break apart v. 拆开379. disassemble =break up v. 拆开380. disband =dismiss v. 解散;遣散381. discard= throw away v. 摒弃;丢弃382. discard= throw up v. 摒弃;丢弃丢弃383. discernible= noticeable a. 可辨别的384. discernible= discriminating a. 可辨别的385. discharge= release v. 释放386. disentangle =disband v. 解开387. disgust= distaste v. 厌恶388. disintegrate= break apart v. 分解;碎裂389. disintegrate =fall apart v. 分解;碎裂390. disintegrate= tear apart v. 分解;碎裂391. dismantle =demolish v. 拆开;拆除392. disorder= anarchy n. 混乱393. dispensable= not necessary a. 非必要的394. dispersal =distribution n. 散布;驱散395. displace= move out of position v. 迫使(人)离开396. disposition= temperament n. 性格;性情397. dispute= contention n. 争论;争执398. dispute =argument n. 争论;争执399. dissipate= disperse v. 驱散400. dissipated =dispersed a. 分散的401. dissuade =discourage v. 劝阻402. distinct= clear and recognizable a. 清楚的;明确的403. distinction= difference n. 差别404. distinction= honor n. 荣誉405. distinction= excellence n. 优秀;卓越406. distinctive= characteristic a. 有特色的407. distinguish= notice from the difference v. 区别; 识别408. distribute= spread v. 分配;散布409. distribution= dispersion n. 散布410. distribution =geographic range n. 分布区域411. disturb= upset v. 打乱;扰乱412. diverse= distinct a. 不同的413. diversification= emergence of many varieties n. 多样化414. diversity =variety n. 多样性415. divest =deprive v. 剥夺416. divest =get rid of v. 剥夺417. domestic= home a. 家庭的;国内的418. dormant= hibernated a. 休眠的;不活动的419. dormant= inactive a. 休眠的;不活动的420. dramatically= greatly ad. 戏剧性地421. drastic= extreme a. 激烈的;极端的422. drastically =obviously ad. 大大地;彻底地423. drastically =severely(严重地) ad. 大大地;彻底地424. dual =double a. 双的;双重的425. duplicate= copy v. 复制426. duplicate= repeat n. 复本427. durable= lasting a. 经久的;持久的428. earn= acquire v. 赚得;赢得429. ease= facilitate(使容易) v. 使减轻;使缓和430. eccentric= erratic a. 古怪的;反常的431. eccentric =strange a. 古怪的;反常的432. efface= eliminate v. 消去433. elaborate =detailed a. 精巧的;详尽的434. elaborate= dainty a. 精巧的;详尽的435. elapsed =passed a. 过去的;经过的436. element =weather condition n. (恶劣的)天气437. eliminate= remove v. 排除;消除438. elusive =difficult to catch a. 难懂的;难捉摸的439. emanate= emerge v. 散发;产生440. embark on=start v. 从事(着手)441. embed= insert v. 插入;植入442. embed= implant v. 插入;植入443. embed =enclose v. 插入;植入444. emergence= appearance n. 出现445. emergency =crisis n. 紧急情况446. emergent =developing a. 新兴的447. employ= use v. 利用448. enable =allow v. 使能够449. enactment= establishment n. 制定450. encapsulate= state briefly v. 概述451. encourage= stimulate v. 激励;刺激452. endangered= not abundant a. 濒临绝种的453. endeavor= enterprise n. 努力454. endow= bestow v. 捐赠455. engulf= swallow v. 吞没456. enhance= improve v. 提高;增强457. enhance= intensify v. 提高;增强458. enjoy =experience v. 经历459. enlist= obtain v. 谋取(支持、赞助等)460. enormous= great a. 巨大的461. enrich= enhance v. 使富足462. ensue= result v. 因…产生463. ensuing= subsequent a. 接着发生的464. ensure= guarantee v. 保证;担保465. entail=l involve v.牵涉466. enthusiastic= eager a. 热情的467. environment= setting n. 环境468. ephemeral =short-lived a. 短暂的469. ephemeral =transient a. 短暂的470. episode= event n. 事件471. equilibrium= balance n. 平衡472. era =period n. 时代;年代473. eradicate= remove completely v. 根除;消灭474. erect =build v. 建立475. erratic= unpredictable a. 不稳定的;古怪的476. erratic= irregular a. 不稳定的;古怪的477. escalate= extend v. 逐步扩大478. essential= crucial a. 极重要的479. established =qualified a. 已制定的480. establishment =formation(构成) n. 建立;创立481. estimate= projection n. 估计482. estimation =evaluation n. 估计483. euphoric= extremely happy a. 心情愉快的484. evaluate= judge v. 评价485. eventual= later a. 最后的486. eventually= later ad. 最后487. eventually= ultimately ad. 最后488. evidence= proof n. 证据489. evident= apparent a. 明显的490. evident =obvious a. 明显的491. evoke= arouse v. 唤起;引起492. evoke= draw v. 唤起;引起493. evoke=produce v. 唤起;引起494. evoke= promote v. 唤起;引起495. evoke= stimulate v. 唤起;引起496. evoke =create in the mind v. 唤起; 引起497. exaggerate =overstate v. 夸张;夸大498. excavate =dig out v. 挖掘499. excavation =dug-out n. 挖掘500. exceed= surpass v. 超越;胜过501. exceed =beyond above v. 超越;胜过胜过502. exceedingly =extremely ad. 极其;非常503. excess =go beyond n. 超越; 胜过504. exclusively= only ad. 专门地;独占地505. excrete= expel v. 排泄;分泌506. exercise =use v. 运用507. exhausted= tired a. 精疲力竭的508. exhausted= used up a. 耗尽的;用完的509. exhibit =demonstrate v. 展示;陈列510. exhibit =display v. 展示;陈列511. expand= stretch v. 展开;增长512. expand =increase v. 展开;增长513. expanse= area n. 一大片区域514. expansive= large a. 广阔的515. expediency= convenience n. 方便;利己516. expediency= advantage(优势;利益) n.方便;利己517. expedient= fitting a. 权宜的;方便的518. expend= use v. 耗尽519. explicit =obvious a. 明确的;清楚的520. explicitly= clear ad. 明确地521. exploit= utilize v. 利用522. exploit= take advantage of v. 利用523. exploit= make use of v. 利用524. explore= investigate v. 探测;探索525. expose to= subject to (遭受) v. 使经历526. express= communicate v. 表达527. extant= existing a. 现存的;尚存的528. extant =remaining a. 现存的;尚存的529. extant= not extinct a. 现存的;尚存的530. extend= stretch v. 延伸531. extend= reach v. 延伸532. extol =praise v. 赞美533. extraneous= inessential a. 无关的;外来的534. extraneous= from outside a. 无关的;外来的535. extraordinary= exceptional a. 异常的536. exude= release v. 渗出;发散537. exude= give off v. 渗出;发散538. fabricate= produce v. 制造539. far-reaching= extensive a. 深远的;广泛的540. far-reaching= broad a. 深远的;广泛的541. fascinating= extremely attractive a. 迷人的542. fashion= make v. 形成;造543. fashion= way n. 样子;方式544. fashionable =popular a. 流行的;时尚的545. feasible= achievable a. 可实行的546. feasible= practical a. 可实行的547. feast= eating n. 盛宴548. ferry= transport n. 渡轮549. fertile= reproductive a. 肥沃的;多产的550. fertile= productive a. 肥沃的;多产的551. figure out =map(详细规划) phr. 计算出;解决552. finding= discovery n. 发现553. first and foremost =above all phr. 首先;首要地554. flake =fragment n. 小薄片555. flattery= praise n. 恭维556. flee= run away from v. 逃走557. flexible= adaptable a. 易适应的558. float= stay on the top v. 漂浮559. float =upward rise phrv. 浮起560. flourish =prosper v. 繁荣;兴旺561. flourish= thrive v. 繁荣;兴旺562. flourishing= prosperous a. 繁荣的563. flow= movement n. 流动564. fluctuate= change v. 变动565. fluctuation= variation n. 变动;起伏566. focal= point centre area n. 焦点567. follow= track v. 跟随568. for instance= for example phr. 例如569. forage= feed n. 饲料570. forage =search for food v. 觅食571. formidable =excessive a. 巨大的572. foster= encourage v. 鼓励573. foster= urge v. 培养;促进574. foster =promote the development of v.培养;促进575. foul= pollute v. 污染576. fragment= break up v. 使成碎片577. fragmentation= break n. 破裂578. fragmentize= break up v. 使成碎片579. frankly =openly ad. 坦白地580. frankly= sincerely ad. 真诚地581. friction= conflict n. 争执;不合582. function= operation n. 效用;作用583. function= utility n. 效用;作用584. fundamental =basic a. 基础的585. funds= money n. 资金586. furthermore= in addition ad. 此外587. gap= opening n. 缺口;裂口588. gear =adjust v. 使适合589. generate= produce v. 产生590. genuinely =actually ad. 真诚地591.get accustomed to= become used to phrv.习惯592. give rise to= produce phrv. 引起593. given =particular a. 规定的;特定的594. govern= regulate v. 统治;管理595. govern= control v. 统治;管理596. grasp =understand v. 领会;理解597. groom= clean v. 装扮;使整洁598. groom =make up v. 装扮;使整洁使整洁599. groundless =unfounded a. 无根据的600. grounds =reasons n. 根据;理由601. groundwork= base n. 基础602. groundwork= basis n. 基础603. groundwork= foundation n. 基础604. grudging= unenthusiastic a. 勉强的605. guarantee= ensure v. 保证;担保606. hallmark= characteristic n. 戳记，标志607. hamper =district v. 防碍;束缚608. hamper= restrict v. 防碍;束缚609. hamper =make difficulty v. 防碍;束缚610. handy= convenient a. 便利的;灵活的611. haphazard= random a. 随意的612. harness= use v. 利用613. harness= utilize v. 利用614. harsh= drastic a. 严厉的;严酷的615. hasty= hurried a. 匆匆的;急忙的616. haul= pull v. 拉617. have nothing to do with= in no relation to phrv. 不相干618. havoc= destruction n. 浩劫619. hazard =danger n. 危险620. heed= notice v. 留心;注意621. heighten= increase v. 增加;提高622. heir= inheritor n. 继承人;后继者623. hence= therefore ad. 因此624. heritage =legacy n. 遗产;传统625. heritage= tradition n. 遗产;传统626. heterogeneous= varied a. 由不同种类组成的627. hide= conceal v. 隐藏628. hinder= interfere with v. 妨碍629. hint= clue n. 暗示;迹象630. hint= implication n. 暗示;迹象631. hint= indication n. 暗示;迹象632. hint= lead n. 暗示;迹象633. hire= employ v. 雇用634. hobby= pastime n. 嗜好635. hold =support v. 支撑;保持636. hold= keep up v. 支撑;保持保持637. hollow= an empty space n. 中空638. homogeneous =uniform a. 同种的639. host of =great number n. 大量640. however =yet conj. 然而641. hub= center n. 中心642. huge= large a. 巨大的643. hurdle =fence v. 用篱笆围644. hypothetical =supposed a. 假设的;假定的645. ice sheet= glacier(冰河) n. 冰原646. identical= the same a. 同样的647. idiosyncrasies =peculiarity n. 特性648. ignite= set on fire v. 点燃649. illusion= impression(印象) n. 错觉;幻像650. immediately= closest ad. 接近;紧接着651. immense= great a. 巨大的652. immense= huge a. 巨大的653. immense= vast a. 巨大的654. immensely= extremely ad. 非常655. immigration= movement n. 移居656. immobile= fixed a. 固定的;静止的657.immobility= absence of motion n. 固定;静止658. immoral= indecent a. 不道德的659. immoral= improper a. 不道德的660. impermeable= impenetrable a. 不能渗透的661. impermeable =impervious a. 不能渗透的662. impetus= stimulus v. 刺激;促进663. impetus= incentive n. 刺激;促进664. implausible= unbelievable a. 难以置信的665. implement= tool n. 工具666. imply= indicate v. 意味667. imposing= impressive a. 给人深刻印象的668. imprecise= inexact a. 不精确的669. improbable= unlikely a. 不像会发生的670. in fact= actually phr事实上671. in great demand =in popularity phr. 普遍672. in respect to= in term of phr. 就…而言673. inaccessible= unreachable a. 难接近的674. inadvertently= unintentionally ad. 非故意地675. inadvertently =without knowing ad. 非故意地676. inauspicious= unfavorable a. 不吉利的677. incidentally= by the way ad. 顺便一提678. inclement =unfavorable a. (气候)严酷的679. inconceivable= unimaginable a. 难以置信的680. inconclusive= without result(毫无结果) a. 不确定的681. incorporate= include v. 包含682. incorporate= merge v. 吸收;併入683. incursion= invasion n. 入侵684. indicate= demonstrate v. 指示;指出685. indigenous =native a. 本土的;土生土长的686. indispensable =essential a. 不可缺少的687. indispensable= necessary a. 不可缺少的688. indispensable= needed a. 不可缺少的689. indispensable= required a. 不可缺少的690. indispensable= vital a. 不可缺少的691. indispensable= significant(重要的) a.必不可少的692. induce =bring v. 引起693. induce =cause v. 引起694. ineffectively= without any result ad. 无效地695. inert= motionless a. 迟缓的;惰性的696. inert= motiveless a. 迟缓的;惰性的697. inevitable= unavoidable a. 不可避免的698. inference= conclusion n. 推断的结果699. infirm= weak a. 不坚定的;衰弱的700. inflate= expand v. 膨胀;扩大701. infrastructure= foundation n. 基础建设702. ingenious= very clever a. 心灵手巧的703. ingenuity= cleverness n. 心灵手巧;独创性704. ingenuity= creativeness n. 心灵手巧;独创性705. ingenuity= inventiveness n. 心灵手巧;独创性706. ingenuity= resourcefulness n. 心灵手巧;独创性707. inherent= essential a. 内在的;固有的708. inherent= internal a. 内在的;固有的709. inherent= instinctive a. 与生俱来的710. inherent= in characteristic of a. 与生俱来的711. inherently =essentially ad. 固有地712. inhibit =hinder v. 约束;抑制713. inhospitable= unfavorable a. 冷淡的;不适宜的714. inhospitable= adverse a. 冷淡的;不适宜的715. initial= first a. 最初的716. initially =originally ad. 最初;开头717. initiate= begin v. 开始;创始718. initiate =start v. 开始;创始719. innovation =new n. 革新;创新720. innovative= new a. 创新的721. inordinate= excessive a. 过度的722. install= put in place v. 放置，安置723. instant= moment n. 片刻;瞬间724. instantaneous= immediate a. 即刻的725. instigate= incite v. 唆使;煽动726. instructive= informative v. 富有教育意义的727. insufficient= inadequate a. 不足的728. intact= untouched a.完好的729. intangible =nonmaterial a. 无形的730. intangible= immaterial a. 无形的731. integral= essential a. 构成整体所需要的732. intense =strong a. 强烈的733. intentionally= deliberately ad. 有意地;故意地734. intermediate= in-between a./n. 中间的;媒介735. intimate =close a. 亲密的736. intricate= complex a. 复杂的737. intricate =carefully shaped a. 复杂的738. intrigue= interest v. 引发…兴趣。

570个单词轻松征服托福

年度巨献！《570个单词轻松征服托福》背单词吧，别让托福毁了我们的青春--献给所有在托福考试道路上奋斗的人即将参加新托福考试，还没有翻过词汇书的，有木有！拿到一本厚厚的单词书，字母A都没有坚持背完的，有木有！单词背了又忘，忘了又背，如此恶性循环下去的，有木有！感觉单词都记好了，可是一到考试就记不起来的，有木有！单词被得滚瓜烂熟，一到口语写作却无词可用的，有木有！······如果你符合上面其中一项，恭喜你，你就是我们寻找的对象。

为什么你的托福考不到80分，因为你没有一定词汇量的积累！为什么你记不住单词？因为你没有科学的方法！为什么单词记了又忘？因为你没有科学地复习！为什么单词记好了还是无法突破100分？因为你还没有掌握这个单词！······根据我们多年的新托福教学经验和大量的学员跟踪调查反馈，我们发现新托福备考到了后期，一切都是浮云，单词才是王道！没有词汇量，再多再强的技巧都是空谈！作为英语学习的过来人，我们能深刻感受到同学们背单词的痛苦，为了帮助千千万万考生摆脱词汇记忆的痛苦，我们精心挑选出来了570个高频核心词汇，并且在这570个单词的基础之上，通过听、说、读、写四个方面进行扩展，全面掌握核心词汇，轻松搞定托福。

1、570个核心词汇表是怎么弄出来的？这570个单词是基于历年真题统计出来最高频的570个单词：我们对OG和TPO （阅读和听力原文）进行了词频统计，除去3千多个基础词汇（比如：a，about，above 等）和一些专有名词以及难的单词，再把剩下的单词进行同根词归类，再按照单词出现的频率排序，就得到了我们现在的570个高频词汇表。

2、为什么有些很简单的单词，（比如：ability）也收录了？对于很多考生来说，ability只是一个认知词汇，我们希望各位考生明白：ability是able的名词形式；able前面加一个否定前缀dis-，就构成了disable，表示“失去能力”；able前面加一个否定前缀un-，就构成了unable，表示“不能的”；able前面加上一个表强调的前缀en-，就构成了enable，表示“使能够”；ability前面加一个否定前缀dis-，就构成了disability，表示“残疾、无能”；这样，我们通过一个单词可以轻松掌握这个单词扩展出来的词汇，词汇量呈爆炸式增长。

托福考试高频词汇-汇总

paragraph ['pærəɡrɑ:f] n.段落vt.将…分段follow ['fɔləu] v.跟随,接着,沿着,遵循increase [in'kri:s] n./v.增加,增长,提高begin [bɪ'ɡɪn] v.开始,着手period ['piəriəd] n.一段时间,时期,周期human ['hju:mən] n.人,人类species ['spi:ʃi:z] n.种类,物种information [͵infə'mei∫ən] n.信息,消息,通知small [smɔ:l] a.小的,少的different ['difərənt] a.不同的,个别的during ['djuəriŋ] prep.在...的期间, 在…的时候refer [ri'fə:] v.提及,把…归因于,求助于,查阅answer ['ɑ:nsə] n.答案.v.回答,响应surface ['sə:fis] n.表面.v.浮现,对...进行表面处理adj. 肤浅的live [liv] /[laiv] v.活着,居住.a.活的,直播的[laiv]idea [ai'diə] n.想法,思想,概念part [pɑ:t] n.部分,角色,零件.v.分开,分离land [lænd] n.陆地,国土.v.靠岸,着陆development [di'veləpmənt] n.发展,研制,新社区,开发up [ʌp] ad./a.向上(的).prep.沿…往上n.上升,繁荣grow [ɡrəu] v.生长,成长,种植,发展support [sə'pɔ:t] vt./n.支持,支撑,供养take [teik] v.拿,取,带,接受,吃number ['nʌmbə] n.数(字).v.遍号码,计算material [mə'tɪərɪəl] n.材料,原料.a.物质的,重要的product ['prɔdəkt] n.产品,产物.n.乘积her [hə:;ə:͵hə,ə] pron.她(的)often ['ɔ(:)fn,'ɔ:ftən] ad.常常,经常through [θru:] prep.穿过,凭借.ad./a.自始至终place [pleis] n.地方.vt.放置,任命.n.名次develop [di'veləp] v.发展,制订,开发sea [si:] n.海,海域body ['bɔdi] n.身体,主体child [t∫aild] n.孩子,产物world [wə:ld] n.世界,界,领域show [∫əu] v.证明,显现,说明.n.表演1system ['sɪstəm] n.系统,制度north [nɔ:θ] a.北方的.ad.向北.n.北方will [wil,wəl,əl,l] v./aux.将,愿意.n.决心,意图after ['ɑ:ftə] ad./prep./conj.在...之后,以后need [ni:d] v.需要,必需.n.需要,缺乏bird [bə:d] n.鸟element ['elimənt] n.要素,元素,原理result [ri'zʌlt] n.结果,答案.vi.致使,起因于region ['ri:dӡən] n.地区,区域temperature ['temprɪt∫ə(r)] n.温度,热度,发烧heat [hi:t] v.(使)变热,使激动.n.热度,高温environment [in'vaiərənmənt] n.环境,外界type [taip] n.类型,样式.v.打字population [͵pɔpju'lei∫ən] n.人口,(具有共同特点的)一类人come [kʌm] v.来,到达fossil ['fɔsl] n.化石,僵化的事物process ['pra:ses] vt.加工,处理.n.过程natural ['næt∫ərəl] a.自然(界)的,天然的,天赋的,物质的soil [sɔil] n.土壤.v.弄脏mass [mæs] n.堆,大量.v.聚集infer [in'fə:] v.推断,推论activity [æk'tiviti] n.活动,活跃include [in'klu:d] vt.包括,包含create [kri'eit] vt.创造,创作suggest [sə'dӡest] vt.建议,暗示indicate ['indikeit] v.指出,象征,表明,预示effect [i'fekt] n.影响,效果.v.使产生,引起study ['stʌdi] v./n.学习,研究,书房cause [kɔ:z] vt.引起,使(发生).n.原因,目标express [ik'spres] vt.表达,表示,快递evidence ['evidəns] n.证据.v.证实,证明power ['pauə] n.权力,能力point [pɔɪnt] n.要点,得分.v.指,指向discuss [dis'kʌs] vt.讨论,论述,辩论contain [kən'tein] vt.包含,容纳wind [waind] n.风.v.绕,缠,吹explain [ik'splein] v.解释,说明2ocean ['əu∫ən] n.海洋[ pl.]大量,许多move [mu:v] v.搬,移动,感动.n.动作,迁居present [pri'zent] v.提出,呈现.n.现在,礼物.a.出席的occur [ə'kə:] vi.发生,出现light [lait] n.光,灯.vt.点亮,着火few [fju:] a.很少的,少数的,几乎没有的call [kɔ:l] v./n.把…叫做,打电话,召集n.拜访scientist ['saiəntist] n.科学家essential [i'sen∫əl] a.本质的,重要的,必要的building ['bildiŋ] n.建筑物similar [ 'simələ] a.相似的,类似的describe [di'skraib] v.描写,描述,形容history ['histəri] n.历史,历史学,来历certain ['sə:tən] a.确定的,特定的.pron.某几个,某些America [ə'merikə] n.美国,美洲own [əun] a.自己的,特有的.vt.有,拥有,承认theory ['θiəri] n.理论,原理,学说,推测society [sə'saiəti] n.社会,社团while [(h)wail] conj.当…的时,而,虽然.n.一会儿,一段时间mainly ['meɪnlɪ] ad.主要地,大体地except [ik'sept] conj.除了.prep.除…外age [eidӡ] n.年龄,时代(期),使用年限.v.变旧,成熟source [sɔ:s] n.来源,原始资料trade [treid] n.贸易,行业.v.做买卖,交易,vt.交换million ['miljən] num.百万,百万个adj.无数的artist ['ɑ:tist] n.艺术家,美术家possible ['pɔsəbl] a.可能的,合理的,合适的relationship [ri'lei∫ən∫ip] n.关系,关联common ['kɔmən] a.平常的,共同的,公共的growth [ɡrəuθ] n.生长,增长,发展,种植remain [ri'mein] v.剩余,保持see [si:] v.看见,领会,理解record ['rekɔ:d] n.记录,唱片.vt.记录,录下summary ['sʌməri] n.摘要,概要.adj. 扼要的,简易的among [ə'mʌŋ]prep.在…之间chemical ['kemikəl] a.化学的.n.化学制品size [saiz] n.大小,尺寸.v.按大小排列(或分类) modern ['mɔdən] a.现代的,时髦的.n.现代人3space [speis] n.空间,间隔,太空.vt.分隔开around [ə'raund] ad.在周围,到处,大约.prep.遍及believe [bi'li:v] v.相信,认为below [bi'ləu] prep.在…下.ad.在下面glacier ['ɡlæsjə] n.冰河,冰川sound [saund] n.声音.v.响,听起来.a.合理的ad.酣畅地any ['eni] pron.无论哪个.a.任何的worker ['wə:kə] n.工人difference ['difərəns] n.差异,不同particular [pə'tikjulə] a.特定的,特殊的.n.详情,个别项目complete [kəm'pli:t] v.完成.a.完整的,十足的air [εə] n.空气.vt.使通风gas [ɡæs] n.气体,煤气,汽油river ['rivə] n.河,江condition [kən'di∫ən] n.条件,情况.vt.以...为条件amount [ə'maunt] n.数量.vi.合计level ['lev(ə)l] n.水平,高度.v.(使)变平坦influence ['influəns] n.影响(力).v.影响climate ['klaimit] n.气候,风气,气氛several ['sevərəl] a.几个,若干color ['kʌlə] n.颜色,肤色.vt.给…着(染)色paint [peint] v./n.油漆,绘画order ['ɔ:də] v./n.命令,定购,顺序,规则structure ['strʌkt∫ə] n.结构,构造.vt.构造,组织community [kə'mju:niti] n.社区,社会,团体,群落movement ['mu:vmənt] n.运动,进展mean [mi:n,min] v.意思是,意味,vi.特意.a.吝啬的,平均的ancient ['ein∫ənt] a.远古的,旧的,过时的lead [li:d] v.引导,导致.n.领导,主角organism ['ɔ:ɡənizəm] n.有机体,生物体,微生物design [di'zain] v./n.设计,计划,构思since [sins] conj./prep.从…以后,因为technique [tek'ni:k] n.技术,技能later ['leitə] ad.后来.a.后面的base [beis] n.底部,基础.vt.以...作基础,基于…dance ['dɑ:ns] n.舞(蹈).v.跳舞,飘扬,跳跃problem ['prɔbləm] n.问题,难题term [tə:m] n.学期,术语,条款.vt.把...称为4nineteenth ['nain'ti:nθ] num.第十九appear [ə'piə] vi.出现,显露shape [∫eip] v.塑造,形成.n.形状,形式mountain ['mauntin] n.山(脉)farm [fɑ:m] n.农场.v.务农layer ['leiə] n.层,阶层.v.分层individual [͵indi'vidjuəl] n.个人,个体.a.个别的major ['meidӡə] a.主要的.vi.主修interest ['intrist] n.兴趣,利息(率),利益.vt.使感兴趣although [ɔ:l'ðəu] conj.虽然,尽管require [ri'kwaiə] v.要求,需要,命令social ['səu∫əl] a.社会的,社交的,群居的phrase [freiz] n.短语.vt.表达,叙述end [end] v.终止,结束.n.结束,尽头square [skwεə] a.正方形的,平方的.n.正方形,广场.v.求平方build [bild] v.建造,创建film [film] n.电影,胶片.vt.拍摄(电影)ground [ɡraʊnd] n.地面,场地,理由continue [kən'tinju:] v.继续,延伸,仍旧energy ['enədӡi] n.精力,活力,能源second ['sekənd] n.秒.a.第二的,次要的stone [stəun] n.石头understand [͵ʌndə'stænd] v.懂得,明白involve [in'vɔlv] vt.包含,牵涉rate [reit] n.进度,比率.v.评估,被评价,责骂highlight ['haɪlaɪt] vt.强调,突出.n.精彩的部分until [ən'til,ʌn'til] conj.直到…时,直到…(才)four [fɔ:] num.四,四个likely ['laikli] a 很可能（的）,合适的,有希望的nest [nest] n.巢,窝.v.筑巢without [wið'aut] prep.无,没有.ad.在外面object ['ɔbdӡikt] n.物体,目标,宾语.v.反对,拒绝force [fɔ:s] vt.强迫,用力推动.n.军队,暴力,力量down [daun] a./ad.向下(的),在下面.prep.沿着…而下crop [krɔp] n.农作物.vt.剪短,修剪control [kən'trol] n./v.控制,支配correct [kə'rekt] a.正确的,恰当的.vt.改(纠)正government ['ɡʌvənmənt] n.政府,管辖5pattern ['pætən] n.型,模式.vt.仿制oil [ɔil] n.油,石油v.加油within [wið'in] prep./ad.在…里面seem [si:m] vi.好像,似乎desert [di'zə:t] (v.）['dezərt]（n.) n.沙漠,应得.v.离弃,擅离(职守)enough [i'nʌf] a./ad.足够的,充足的hand [hænd] n.手,帮助.v.交,递,支持market ['mɑ:kit] n.市场,商店.v.销售,买卖together [tə'geðə] ad.共同,一起,相互hold [həuld] v.拿,保持,掌握.n.控制,保留direction [di'rek∫ən] n.方向,指引,用法说明,趋势behavior [bi'heivjə] n.举止,行为,反应tool [tu:l] n.工具,手段probably ['prɔbəb(ə)lɪ] ad.大概,或许,很可能impact ['impækt] n./v.影响,冲击view [vju:] vt.看待,观察.n.观点,景色,视野extinction [iks'tiŋk∫ən] n.消失,消灭,废止painting ['peintiŋ] n.画,绘画carry ['kæri] vt.提,运送,携带bring [briŋ] vt.带来,促使,引起economic [͵i:kə'nɔmik] a.经济(学)的.n.经济学economical:a.节约的variety [və'raiəti] n.种类,多样性fact [fækt] n.事实,实际,真相farmer ['fɑ:mə] n.农夫young [jʌŋ] a.年轻的,初期的,没有经验的image ['imidӡ] n.图像.vt.反映,想像sediment ['sedimənt] n.沉积(物)along [ə'lɔŋ] prep.沿着.ad.向前now [nau] ad.(到)现在,这时候,立刻factor ['fæktə] n.因素,要素difficult ['difikəlt] ad.困难的,不易相处的supply [sə'plai] v./n.供应,提供urban ['ə:bən] a.城市的limit ['limit] vt.限制(定).n.限度,界线exist [iɡ'zist] v.存在,生存should [∫ud,∫əd,∫d] v./aux.应该,将要,可能,就economy [i(:)'kɔnəmi] n.经济cave [keiv] n.洞穴.v.塌落,使凹陷6iron ['aiən] n.熨斗,铁.v.熨,烫play [plei] v.玩,扮演.n.游戏,剧本,比赛determine [di'tə:min] v.决定,确定,判决woman ['wumən] n.女人pressure [`pre∫ə(r)] n.压力v.迫使,说服rather ['rɑ:ðə] ad.相当,宁愿music ['mju:zik] n.音乐discover [dis'kʌvə] v.发现,发觉war [wɔ:] n.战争,冲突event [i'vent] n.大事,事件write [rait] v.写yawn [jɔ:n] v.打呵欠research [ri'sə:t∫] v./n.研究,调查cloud [klaud] n.云ability [ə'biliti] n.能力,才干fall [fɔ:l] v.落下,倒下under ['ʌndə] prep./ad.在…下面,少于,在…情况下still [stil] ad.仍然.a.静止的leave [li:v] v.出发,离开,留下emotion [i'məu∫ən] n.情感,感情,情绪relatively ['relətivli] ad.相对地,比较地method ['meθəd] n.方法island ['ailənd] n.岛屿,岛状物York [jɔ:k] n.约克(美国宾夕法尼亚州东南部城市) percent [pə'sent] n.百分比(数)adj. 百分之…的country ['kʌntri] n.国家,乡村adj. 乡村的physical ['fizikəl] a.物质的,身体的back [bæk] ad.回原处.n.背,后面.a.后面的.v.后退significant [siɡ'nifikənt] a.重要的,意义重大的,有效的skill [skil] n.技能,技巧,本领,技术public ['pʌblik] a.公共的,公开的.n.公众,公共场所demand [di'mɑ:nd] n./v.要求,需要south [sauθ] n.南部.a.南方的.ad.在南方almost ['ɔ:lməust] ad.几乎,差不多local ['ləukəl] a.当地的,局部的.n.当地人open ['əupən] a.开的,开放的,营业着的.v.开cover ['kʌvə] vt.(掩)盖,包括,报道.n.盖子,封面purpose ['pə:pəs] n.目的,意图7reach [ri:t∫] v.到达,伸出,达成.n.范围,[ pl.]流域various ['vεəriəs] a.不同的,多样的,多方面的late [leit] a.晚的,最近的.ad.迟,晚,已故的sometime ['sʌmtaim] ad.将来(或过去)某个时候.a.以前的function ['fʌŋk∫ən] n.功能,职务.vi.运行,起作用allow [ə'lau] vt.允许(…进入),同意给,承认,考虑middle ['midl] n.中部,中间.a.中部的,中间的home [həum] n.家(乡)European [͵juərə'pi(:)ən] a.欧洲的.n.欧洲人n.reason ['ri:zn] n.原因v.分析,推理rise [raiz] n./v.上升,升起member ['membə] n.成员,会员toward [tə'wɔ:d] prep.向,朝,接近.house [haus] n.房屋.vt.给…房子住characteristic [,kærəktə'ristik] n.特性,特征.a.特有的,典型的last [lɑ:st] a.刚过去的,最后的.ad.最后.vi.持续location [ləu'kei∫ən] n.位置,地点today [tə'deɪ] n.今天,现今culture ['kʌlt∫ə] n.文化,文明infant ['infənt] n.婴儿adj. 婴儿的,幼稚的,初期的left [left] a.左边的.ad.向左.n.左边recent ['ri:snt] a.近来的,新近的Europe ['juərəp] n.欧洲family ['fæmili] n.家,家庭site [sait] n.位置,地点.vt.使位于,设置incorrect [.inkə'rekt] a.不正确的,错误的agricultural [.ægri'kʌltʃərəl] a.农业的,农艺的generally ['dӡenərəli] ad.通常,普遍地property ['prɔpəti] n.财产,所有物,性质,性能atmosphere ['ætməsfiə] n.大气,空气,气氛themselves [ðəm'selvz] pron.他(她、它)们自己though [ðəu;ðə] conj.尽管,虽然.ad.可是strong [strɔŋ] a.强烈的,坚强的,强壮的,牢固的clear [kliə] a./ad.清晰的(地).vt.清除.vi.变清澈reduce [ri'dju:s] vt.减少,缩小deposit [di'pɔzit] v.沉淀,存放,堆积.n.存款,堆积物8west [west] n.西(方,部).a.西方(部)的.ad.向西方thus [ðʌs] ad.如此,因此cannot ['kænət] conj.不能statement ['steitmənt] n.陈述,声明,报表settle ['setl] v.解决,定居,安顿melt [melt] v.(使)融化,(使)消散,(使)逐渐消失Pacific [pə'sifik] n.太平洋available [ə'veiləbl] a.可利用的,可得到的,有空的direct [di'rekt] a./ad.直接的.vt.对准,指导industry ['indəstri] n.工业,产业language ['læŋɡwidӡ] n.语言vary ['vεəri] v.改变,变化,使多样化glass [ɡlɑ:s] n.玻璃,玻璃杯,[pl.]眼镜range [reindӡ] n.范围,山脉.v.变动,排列subject ['sʌbdӡikt] n.主题,学科,主语.vt.使服从deep [di:p] a.深的.ad.深深地green [ɡri:n] a.绿色的,生的.v.使…变绿charge [t∫ɑ:dӡ] v.指控,收费,充电,冲刺travel ['trævl] n./v.旅行,移动,传播dry [drai] a.干的,干燥的.v.(使)变干role [rəul] n.作用,角色establish [is'tæbli∫] v.建立,确立,创办,证实right [rait] a./ad.对(的),右(的).n.权利.v.扶直,纠正lower ['ləuə] a.较低的,下面的.vt.降下,放低center ['sentə] n./a.中心(的).v.居中,使集中roman ['rəumən] a./n.罗马(的),罗马人(的)tend [tend] vi.易于,趋向.vt.照料longer ['lɔŋgə] ad./a.比较久(的)just [dӡʌst] ad.正好,仅仅,刚才.a.公平的lack [læk] v./n.缺乏,不足,需要compare [kəm'pεə] v.比较,对比,比喻.n.比较away [ə'wei] ad.在远处,离去insect ['insekt] n.昆虫,虫,卑鄙的人experience [ik'spiəriəns] n./vt.经历,经验,体验measure ['meӡə] n.措施,量度,尺寸.v.测量replace [ri(:)'pleis] vt.取代,替换,放回原处attract [ə'trækt] v.吸引,引起snow [snəu] n.雪.vi.下雪vt.使纷纷落下,使变白9salt [sɔ:lt] n.盐.vt.腌,盐渍.adj. 含盐的hunt [hʌnt] n./v.狩猎,追捕,搜寻clay [klei] n.黏土,泥土vt.用黏土处理turn [tə:n] v.转动,扭转,(使)变成, 兑换feature ['fi:t∫ə] n.特征.v.以...为特色,起作用marine [mə'ri:n] n.船舶,水兵.a.海(洋)的,海军(事)的weather ['weðə] n.天气,气象.v.风化,经受风雨(侵蚀) popular ['pɔpjulə] a.流行的,通俗的,受欢迎的consider [kən'sidə] v.考虑,认为necessary ['nesisəri] a.必要的,必然的.n.必需品researcher [rɪ'sз:t∫ə(r)] n.研究者,调查者upper ['ʌpə] a.上面的,上部的,较高的wide [waid] a.宽阔的,广泛的forest ['fɔrist] n.森林.v.种植于,使成为森林current ['kʌrənt] a.当前的.n.趋势learn [lə:n] v.学会,学习,得知select [si'lekt] v.选择,挑选.a.精选的n.被挑选者,精萃improve [im'pru:v] vt.改善,改进,提高…的价值vi.增加western ['westən] a.西方的,西部的.n.西方人lake [leik] n.湖value ['vælju:,-ju] n.价值,重要性.vt.评估,重视factory ['fæktəri] n.工厂,制造厂school [sku:l] n.学校,学院.鱼群v.教育warm [wɔ:m] a./ad.温暖的,热情的.v.变暖,使暖和,同情scientific [saiən'tifik] a.科学的,系统的raise [reiz] n.上升,增高加薪.vt.升起,举起,提出,筹集,养育political [pə'litikəl] a.政治的,政党的maintain [men'tein] vt.维持,保持,供养,主张ant [ænt] n.蚂蚁affect [ə'fekt] vt.影响,作用,感染fit [fit] v.适合,适应,安装.a.健康的periodic [piəri'ɔdik] a.周期的,定期的metal ['metl] n.金属.vt.(以金属)覆盖、装配adj. 金属制的importance [im'pɔ:təns] n.重要(性), 价值native ['neitiv] a.本国的,本土的,当地的.n.本地人,土产identify [ai'dentifai] v.识别,鉴定valley ['væli] n.山谷specific [spi'sifik] a.特定的,具体的n.细节,特性10short [∫ɔ:t] a.短的,矮的,不足的n.缺乏foot [fut] n.足,脚,英尺,底部v.步行style [stail] n.风格,式样,时尚v.设计hard [hɑ:d] a.硬的,困难的,严厉的.ad.努力地,困难地origin ['ɔridӡin] n.起源,来源,出身,原点,开端grain [ɡrein] n.谷物,颗粒.v.形成(颗粒),(用谷物)喂养national ['næ∫ənəl] a.国家的,民族的near [niə] ad.在近处.v./prep.靠(接)近.a.接近的,亲近的person ['pə:sn] n.人,身体,容貌,外表primary ['praiməri] a.首要的,主要的,最初的.n.居首位的事物mammal ['mæməl] n.哺乳动物formation [fɔ:'mei∫ən] n.形成,构成,编队deer [diə] n.鹿complex ['kɔmpleks] a.复杂的,复合的.n.复合体,综合设施past [pɑ:st] a.以前的.prep./ad.经过,过.n.过去,越过say [sei] v.说,表明,假设,.n.发言权flow [fləu] n./v.流动,淹没break [breik] n.休息,破裂处.v.打破,弄坏,中断low [ləu] a./ad.低(的),低下(的),消沉的seed [si:d] n.种子,萌芽.v.播种,结实perhaps [pə'hæps] ad.也许,可能steam [sti:m] n.蒸汽v.蒸,蒸发picture ['pikt∫ə] n.画,照片.vt.描绘,构想east [i:st] n.东(方,部,风)a.东方(部)的.ad.向东方agriculture ['æɡrikʌlt∫ə] n.农业,农学particle ['pɑ:tikl] n.微粒,极小量aspect ['æspekt] n.方面,外观,形势industrial [in'dʌstriəl] a.工业的,产业的field [fi:ld] n.田地,领域,运动场experiment [iks'perimənt] n.试验.vi.尝试,做实验itself [it'self] pron.它自己relate [ri'leit] v.叙述,使有联系,有关联,涉及yet [jet] ad.还,已经.conj.然而instrument ['instrumənt] n.仪器,工具,手段speed [spi:d] n.速度.v.加速,急行,使繁荣thousand ['θauzənd] n.一千(个).[ pl.]许许多多,成千上万print [prɪnt] vt.印刷,冲洗(照片)n.字体,印章therefore ['ðɛəfɔ:] ad.因此,所以11tradition [trə'di∫ən] n.传统,惯例,传说goods [gudz] n.货物,商品represent [͵ri:pri'zent] vt.代表,表现,描绘iceberg ['aisbəɡ] n.冰山,冷若冰霜的人our ['auə] pron.我们的man [mæn] n.男人,人(类)store [stɔ:,stɔə] vt.储存,贮藏.n.商店depend [di'pend] vi.依靠,取决于heavy ['hevi] a./ad.重的,大量的,阴沉的general ['dӡenərəl] a.普遍的,概括的story ['stɔ:ri] n.故事,小说,新闻报道technology [tek'nɔlədӡi] n.工艺,技术,术语rain [rein] n.雨.v.下雨contrast ['kɔntræst ] v./n.对比,对照predator ['predətə] n.掠夺者,食肉动物,捕食者against [ə'genst] prep.反对,逆,防御,对...不利adj. 对立的survive [sə'vaiv] v.活着,幸存,比...活得长biological [baiə'lɔdӡikəl] a.生物(学)的nature ['neit∫ə] n.自然(界),本性expression [iks'pre∫ən] n.措辞,表达solar ['səulə] a.太阳(能)的teacher ['ti:t∫ə] n.教师,导师off [ɔ:f,ɔf] ad.掉(下),离开,停止,脱落a.休息的,远离的town [taun] n.城市,城镇,市内商业区architecture ['ɑ:kitekt∫ə] n.建筑,建筑学,建筑风格train [trein] v.训练,培训,瞄准contribute [kən'tribju:t] v.捐助,贡献,(to)有助于,投稿least [li:st] ad./a.最小的,最少的pass [pɑ:s] v.通过,经过,传递always ['ɔ:lweiz] ad.总是,一直,始终,normal ['nɔ:məl] a.正常的,正规的,标准的mineral ['minərəl] n.矿物,矿石primarily ['praimərili] ad.主要地,起初地knowledge ['nɔlidӡ] n.知识,学问ask [ɑ:sk] v.询问,请求,邀请,需要observe [əb'zə:v] vt.注意到,观察,监视,评论,vt.遵守,评论simple ['simpl] a.简单的,朴素的slow [sləu] a.慢的.v.放慢,减速12canal [kə'næl] n.运河,沟渠craft [krɑ:ft] n.工艺,手艺,太空船name [neim] n.名字,名誉.v.命名,任命reflect [ri'flekt] v.反映,反射,深思,反省addition [ə'di∫ən] n.加,增加,附加物argue ['ɑ:ɡju:] v.说服,争论,辩论draw [drɔ:] v.画,拖,移动,吸引theater ['θɪətə(r)] n.戏院,剧场above [ə'bʌv] prep.在…上方,多(大,高)于,超过.ad.在上面especially [i'speʃəli] ad.特别,尤其central ['sentrəl] a.中心的,主要的,重要的apply [ə'plai] v.申请,应用,适用quickly ['kwɪklɪ] ad.快速地every ['evri] a.每个,一切的,每隔successful [sək'sesfəl] a.成功的,圆满的frequent ['fri:kwənt] a.频繁的,经常的surround [sə'raund] vt.包围,环绕practice ['præktis] n./v.练习,惯例n./vt.实践introduce [͵intrə'dju:s] vt.介绍,引进,采用,提出aggressive [ə'gresiv] a.侵略的,进攻性的,有进取心的act [ækt] v.行动,表演,起作用.n.行为,法令Canada ['kænədə] n.加拿大extreme [iks'tri:m] a.极度的,极端的.n.极端,过分test [test] n./vt.试验,测试glacial ['ɡleisiəl] a.冰川(期)的,非常冷的sense [sens] v.感觉,意识到eat [i:t] v.吃,腐蚀single ['siŋɡl] a.单一的,单个的,独身的,单程的quality ['kwɔləti] n.质量,品质,性质teach [ti:t∫] v.讲授,教授continent ['kɔntinənt] n.大陆,洲cycle ['saikl] n.循环,周期.v.骑自行(摩托)车,循环previous ['pri:vjəs] a.以前的,先于,在...之前northern ['nɔ:ðən] a.北方的,北部的separate ['sepəreit] v.分开,隔开.cost [kɔst] n.价格,成本.,代价vt.花费,使付出advantage [əd'vɑ:ntidӡ] n.优势,有利条件,利益.vt.有利于vi.获利transportation [͵trænspɔ:'tei∫ən] n.运输(工具、系统)13discovery [dis'kʌvəri] n.发现,发现物stream [stri:m] n.小河,溪流.v.涌流(出)obtain [əb'tein] vt.获得,得到recognize ['rekəɡnaiz] vt.认出,确认,意识到parent ['pεərənt] n.父母亲hypothesis [hai'pɔθisis] n.假设England ['inɡlənd] n.英格兰rural ['rʊər(ə)l] a.农村的,田园的,有乡村风味的concern [kən'sə:n] vt.有关于,使担心,涉及.n.关切的事get [ɡet] vt.获得,得到.vi.变得substance ['sʌbstəns] n.物质,实质,主旨original [ə'ridӡənəl] a.原始的,最初的easily ['i:zili] ad.容易地,无疑地channel ['t∫ænl] n.[常pl.]通道,渠道belong [bi'lɔŋ] vi.属于construction [kən'strʌk∫ən] n.建造,结构,建筑物swim [swim] n./v.游泳southern ['sʌðən] a.南的,南方的worth [wə:θ] prep.相当于…价值的,值得…的.n.价值,财产run [rʌn] v.跑,运转,经营imply [im'plai] vt.暗示, 意味,隐含basic ['beisik] a.基本的,基础的internal [in'tə:nl] a.内在的,国内的crystal ['kristl] n.水晶explanation [͵eksplə'nei∫ən] n.解释,说明evolve [i'vɔlv] v.演变,进化,发展,推断出hundred ['hʌndrəd] n.百,[pl.]数以百计start [stɑ:t] v.开始,出发,起点,启动beg [beɡ] v.请求,乞求rapid ['ræpid] a.快的,迅速的,急促的,险峻的quantity ['kwɔntiti] n.量,数量,总量,大量illustrate ['iləstreit] v.说明,阐明,举例说明,图解locate [ləu'keit] v.定位,把…设置在remove [ri'mu:v] v.移开,去除across [ə'krɔs] prep.穿过,在对面whose [hu:z] pron.谁的,那(些)人的typical ['tipikəl] a.典型的,有代表性的matter ['mætə] n.事情,情况vi.要紧14resource [ri'sɔ:s] n.资源,财力,办法,智谋eastern ['i:stən] a.东方的,东部的n.东方人half [hɑ:f] n./a.一半,半个的,半途的migration [mai'ɡrei∫ən] n.移居,迁移,course [kɔ:s] n.过程,课程,道路,一道菜date [deit] n.日期,时期.约会,年代vi.追溯到merchant ['mə:t∫ənt] n.商人face [feis] n.脸.v.面向,面对coast [kəust] n.海岸,海滨machine [mə'∫i:n] n.机器,机械claim [kleim] n./v.声称,要求,religious [ri'lidӡəs] a.宗教的,虔诚的,严谨的twentieth ['twentiiθ] num.第二十,二十分之一throughout [θru(:)'aut] prep.遍及,贯穿.ad.始终special ['spe∫əl] a.特别的,特殊的,专门的,专用的plate [pleit] n.盘子,碟,薄板mark [mɑ:k] n.痕迹,记号,标志.vt.做标记,打分数atomic [ə'tɔmik] a.原子的,原子能的,微粒子的rapidly ['ræpɪdlɪ] ad.迅速地wood [wud] n.木头,木材,树林,木制品leader ['li:də] n.领导者,指挥者fire ['faiə] n.火,火灾.v.开火,解雇,点燃entire [in'taiə] a.全部的,整个的plain [plein] n.平原,草原.a.清晰的,简单的,朴素的extend [ik'stend] v.延伸,扩展,推广difficulty ['difikəlti] n.困难,难点core [kɔ:] n.核心,要点easy ['i:zi] a.容易的,轻松的,随和的constant ['kɔnstənt] a.不变的,持续的,恒定的,经常的adult [ə'dʌlt] n.成年人consist [kən'sist] vi.由...组成,在于figure ['fiɡə] n.图形,外形,数字,价格.v.计算,认为cold [kəuld] a.(寒)冷的,不热情的.n.(寒)冷,感冒education [͵edju(:)'kei∫ən] n.教育,教育学,培养railroad ['reilrəud] n.铁路.vt.由铁道运输vi.在铁路公司工作law [lɔ:] n.法律,法学,规律v.起诉unlike ['ʌn'laik] a.不同的.prep.不象…expand [ik'spænd] v.扩大,扩展,膨胀,展开,发展15brain [brein] n.脑,头脑,智力carbon ['kɑ:bən] n.碳,复写纸return [ri'tə:n] v.返回,恢复,归还cell [sel] n.单元,细胞,单人小室either ['aɪðə®] ad.[否]也.a./pron.任一的company ['kʌmpəni] n.公司n.陪伴,同伴(们)grass [ɡrɑ:s] n.草engine ['endӡin] n.发动机,引擎stimulus ['stimjuləs] n.促进(因素),刺激(物),激励hour ['auə] n.小时,钟点,课时program ['prəuɡræm] n.节目,计划,程序.vt.编程,为…安排节目prevent [pri'vent] v.防止,预防per [pə:,pə] prep.每,每一sell [sel] v.出售,卖damage ['dæmidӡ] v./n.损害,毁坏unusual [ʌn'ju:ʒuəl] a.异常的,独特的lie [lai] v.躺,说谎,位于wall [wɔ:l] n.墙.vt.围住,隔开landscape ['lændskeip] n.风景,全景.vt.美化brief [bri:f] n.摘要,大纲.a.简短的associate [ə'səu∫ieit] v.联合,结交.n.伙伴.a.副的rare [rεə] a.稀有的,珍奇的minor ['mainə] a.较小的,次要的artisan [ɑ:rtəzn] n.工匠,技工meteorite ['mi:tiərait] n.陨石, 流星define [di'fain] vt.定义,详细说明,规定cool [ku:l] v.冷却,(使)冷静adj. 冷静的,凉爽的oxygen ['ɔksidӡən] n.氧daily ['deili] a.每日的,日常的.n.日报Africa ['æfrikə] n.非洲erosion [i'rəuӡən] n.腐蚀,侵蚀want [wɔnt] v.想要.n.不足［pl.］需要的东西response [ri'spɔns] n.回答,响应,反应third [θə:d] num.第三,三分之一decade ['dekeid] n.十年,十,十年期emphasize ['emfəsaɪz] vt.强调,着重baby ['beibi] n.婴孩vt.纵容,娇纵volcanic [vɔl'kænik] a.火山的,猛烈的,易突然发作的16organization [͵ɔ:ɡənai'zei∫ən] n.组织,机构,团体colonial [kə'ləunjəl] a.殖民地的preserve [pri'zə:v] v.保护,保存detail ['di:teil,di'teil] n.细节,详情.vt.详述bone [bəun] n.骨,骨骼position [pə'zi∫ən] n.位置,职务,立场.vt.安置,把…放在适当位置protect [prə'tekt] vt.保护labor ['leibə] n.工人.v.劳动,努力degree [dɪ'ɡri:] n.学位,程度,度数,等级revolution [͵revə'lu:∫ən] n.革命,运行read [ri:d] v.读,理解positive ['pɔzətiv] a.积极的,肯定的,实际的receive [ri'si:v] v.接到,收到,接待route [ru:t] n.路线,途径statue ['stætju:] n.塑像,雕像meter ['mi:tə] n.米,公尺jupiter ['dӡu:pitə] n.木星organic [ɔ:'ɡænik] a.有机(体)的,有机物的,组织的,根本的apparent [ə'pærənt] a.明显的,表面上的motion ['məu∫ən] n.运动,动作, 请求,手势,意向you [ju:,ju] pron.你,你们composition [kɔmpə'zi∫ən] n.成分,作品,合成物,作文,作曲stage [steidӡ] n.舞台,阶段cut [kʌt] v.切,割,剪,缩短.n.伤口vegetation [͵vedӡi'tei∫ən] n.植物,草木winter ['wintə] n.冬季,萧条期.v.过冬eventually [i'ventjuəli] ad.最后,终于expose [ik'spəuz] vt.暴露,显露dinosaur ['dainəsɔ:] n.恐龙literature ['litərətʃə] n.文学,文献project ['prɔdӡekt] n.计划,工程,事业v.设计,计划meet [mi:t] v.遇见,见面,满足(要求等）benefit ['benifit] n.利益,救济金.v.有益于,得益whether ['weðə] conj.是否,不管,无论pron.两个中的哪一个slowly ['sləʊlɪ] ad.慢慢地,迟缓地thing [θiŋ] n.东西,事情17facial ['fei∫əl] a.脸部的,面部的liquid ['likwid] n.液体.a.液体的, 清澈的,流畅的cultural ['kʌlt∫ər(ə)l] a.文化的,教养的differ ['difə] vi.不同,有区别.n.区别never ['nevə] ad.决不,从未science ['saiəns] n.科学,理科spread [spred] v.传播,展开,散布.n.范围whig [(h)wiɡ] n.（英）辉格党,（美）共和党党员encourage [in'kʌridӡ] vt.鼓励,促进,支持newspaper ['nju:speipə] n.报纸party ['pɑ:ti] n.政党,聚会,一伙人data ['deitə] n.数据,资料coal [kəul] n.煤combine [kəm'bain] v.联合,使结合happen ['hæpən] vi.发生,碰巧,出现five [faiv] num.五,五个cretaceous [kri'teiʃəs] n./a.白垩纪(的)book [buk] n.书,帐簿vt.预订,预约quite [kwait] ad.相当,完全,十分already [ɔ:l'redi] ad.已经,先前nearly ['niəli] ad.几乎,差不多collect [kə'lekt] v.收集,募捐sand [sænd] n.沙,沙子hot [hɔt] a.热的,辣的,强烈的,热情的terrestrial [ti'restriəl] a.陆地的,地球的leaf [li:f] n.叶子,（书籍等的）一张,扇页sequence ['si:kwəns] n.次序,顺序star [stɑ:] n.星,明星.v.变成演员,担任主角estimate ['estimeit] n./v.估计,估价,判断,评价drill [dril] n.钻子.v.练习,钻孔transport [træns'pɔ:t] n./v.运输groundwater ['graʊndwɔter] n.地下水international [͵intə(:)'næ∫ənəl] a.国际的,世界的serve [sə:v] v.服务,担任适合,发球favor ['feivə] n.好感,喜爱.vt.偏爱,支持root [ru:t] n.根.根源.v.生根,扎根,固定huge [hju:dӡ] a.巨大的,庞大的,无限的18put [pʌt] v.放,安置,表达,记下whale [weil,hw-] n.鲸.v.捕鲸exchange [iks't∫eindӡ] v./n.交换,兑换,交流ecosystem ['i:kəu,sistəm] n.生态系统distance ['distəns] n.距离,路程, 疏远,间隔assume [ə'sju:m] vt.假定,设想,承担,采取egg [eɡ] n.蛋opinion [ə'pinjən] n.意见,看法principle ['prinsəpl] n.原理,原则global ['ɡləubəl] a.全球性的,总的,球形的cause [kɔ:z] vt.引起,使发生.n.原因,事业,目标eye [ai] n.眼睛,视力,见解vt.看,审视,监督introductory [.intrə'dʌktəri] a.引导的,介绍的weight [weit] n.重量,负担,砝码,重要性.vt.加重量于variation [͵vεəri'ei∫ən] n.变化,变动sculpture ['skʌlpt∫ə] n.雕塑,雕刻.v.从事雕刻student ['stju:dənt] n.学生bacteria [bæk'tiəriə] n.细菌presence ['prezns] n.出席,存在,参加,风度accept [ək'sept] v.接受,承认,同意accumulate [ə'kju:mjuleit] v.积聚,堆积colony ['kɔləni] n.殖民地gradual ['ɡrædjuəl] a.逐渐的,逐步的piece [pi:s] n.片,块.vt.拼合(凑)solid ['sɔlid] n.固体,立方体.a.固体的,实心的,可靠的action ['æk∫ən] n.行动,行为,作用,情节service ['sə:vis] n.公共设施,服务.vt.服务destroy [dis'trɔi] v.破坏,毁灭,消灭relative ['relətiv] a.相对的,相关的.n.亲属,关系词,相关物military ['militəri] a.军事的.n.军队memory ['meməri] n.记忆(力),回忆,内存,存储器potential [pə'ten∫(ə)l] a.潜在的.n.潜能,可能性sign [sain] n.标记,符号.v.做标记签(署)electricity [,ilek'trisəti] n.电流,电dioxide [dai'ɔksaid] n.二氧化物perform [pə'fɔ:m] v.执行,履行,表演situation [͵sitju'ei∫ən] n.情形,境遇,位置19evolution [͵evə'lu:∫ən] n.进化,发展,演变,进化论soon [su:n] ad.不久,很快fill [fil] v.装满fort [fɔ:t] n.堡垒,要塞content [kən'tent] n.内容,目录,容量.adj.满足.vt.使...满足success [sək'ses] n.成功,成就signal ['siɡnl] n.信号,标志.v.发信号,标志着generation [͵dӡenə'rei∫ən] n.一代人(或产品),产生,发生vast [vɑ:st] a.巨大的,辽阔的,大量的manufacture [ .mænjə'fæktʃə] vt./n.制造,制造业[pl.]产品compete [kəm'pi:t] vi.竞争,比赛link [liŋk] v.连接,联系.n.联系,环节blood [blʌd] n.血.vt.流血,从…抽血commercial [kə'mə:∫əl] a.商业的,贸易的,营利的approach [ə'prəut∫] v.靠近,接近.n.途径,方法predict [pri'dikt] v.预知,预言step [step] n.(脚)步,步骤,台阶.vi.行走,踏上stand [stænd] v.站,坐落,处于,忍受.n.立场,看台,停止release [ri'li:s] vt./n.释放,解脱,发射vt.发布(行) plan [plæn] n.计划,平面图.v.计划,设计sample ['sæmpl] n.样品,样本,例子.vt.采样,取样,尝试expansion [iks'pæn∫ən] n.膨胀,扩展,扩充extensive [iks'tensiv] a.广泛的,广阔的,大量的reveal [ri'vi:l] vt.揭露,显示helium ['hi:liəm] n.氦regular ['reɡjulə] a.规则的,定期的effort ['efət] n.努力,成就mile [mail] n.英里irrigation [͵iri'ɡei∫ən] n.灌溉,冲洗next [nekst] n./a.下一个的.其次,然后prep.靠近actual ['æktjuəl] a.实际的,真实的,目前的egyptian [ɪ'dӡɪp∫(ə)n] n./a.埃及人(的)attempt [ə'tempt] n./vt.尝试,企图,努力finally ['faɪnəlɪ] ad.最后,终于serious ['siəriəs] a.严肃的,认真的,严重的clock [klɔk] n.时钟,计时器adapt [ə'dæpt] v.适应,改编20observation [͵əbzə:'vei∫ən] n.观察,观测,评论fine [fain] a.好的,优质的,健康的,晴朗的mar [mɑ:] n.污点,瑕疵.vt.破坏. distinguish [dis'tiŋɡwi∫] v.区别,辨别,使杰出decrease [di:'kri:s] v./n.减少,降低Dutch ['dʌt∫] n.荷兰人.a.荷兰的African ['æfrikən] n.非洲人.a.非洲的rich [rit∫] a.富有的,肥沃的.n.有钱人negative ['neɡətiv] a.否定的,消极的vessel ['vesl] n.船,容器,血管galaxy ['ɡæləksi] n.银河,星系,一群显赫的人focus ['fəukəs] v.集中,聚集.n.焦点,中心instead [in'sted] ad.代替,反而democrat ['deməkræt] n.民主主义者,美国民主党人aquifer ['ækwifə] n.含水土层,蓄水层road [rəud] n.道路,途径bank [bæŋk] n.银行,岸,储库.v.把(钱)存入银行drift [drift] v./n.漂流,大意,趋势appearance [ə'piərəns] n.出现,露面,外貌wire ['waiə] n.金属丝,电线.v.安装电线,发电报Australia [ɔs'treiljə] n.澳大利亚price [prais] n.价格,价值.v.给…定价,估价outside ['aut'said] prep./n./ad./a.(在,向)的外面(的) bottom ['bɔtəm] n.底部,底端Greek [ɡri:k] n.希腊人.a.希腊的decline [di'klain] v./n.下降,衰退,婉拒,谢绝business ['biznis] n.商业,事务,生意display [dɪ'spleɪ] n./vt.陈列,展览,显示immediate [i'mi:djət] a.直接的, 立即的,最接近的crater ['kreitə] n.弹坑strike [straik] v./n.罢工,袭击,打feed [fi:d] v.喂养.n.饲料aggression [ə'ɡre∫ən] n.进攻,侵略master ['mɑ:stə] vt.控制,精通.n.主人,大师,硕士,教师emerge [i'mə:dӡ] vi.浮现,显露,摆脱nation ['nei∫ən] n.国家,民族import [im'pɔ:t] vt./n.进口,输入,[pl.]进口商品muscle ['mʌsl] n.肌肉,力量,实力21。

托福考试高频词汇共40页

托福考试高频词汇Aa pivotal figure a pivotal figure (关键)人物pivot 轴心premium premium n.保险金a.高级的，高价的a premium student a premium student 优秀学生a range of a range of 一系列的东西（有顺序）a range from sth. to sth. 从...到...范围，排列不等abandon abandon 抛弃，放纵abandonment n.abbreviate abbreviate v. 缩短，缩写abbreviation n.abrasion abrasion n.磨损abstract abstract (ab-去掉,stract 拉)a.抽象的n.概要absurd absurd a.荒谬的abundance abundance (und-波浪) n.丰富，多'麦浪翻滚'undulate/fluctuate 波动accelerate accelerate (celer-速度)v.加速，不断增长celerity速度decelerate v.减速have access to have access to 能够接触，靠近you have access to the libraryaccessible accessible a.可靠近的acclaim acclaim v.欢呼，欢迎acclaimed a.受人欢迎的accommodate accommodate v.给人提供食宿；与...相符，适应(commod- 方便commodity 商品accommodating accommodating a.乐于助人的accompany accompany v.陪伴，伴奏accompanist 伴奏者accompaniment n.陪伴物，伴奏accord accord v.和谐一致(-ion琴)accordion 手风琴accumulate accumulate(cumul-堆积)v.聚堆积cumulus 积云accustom accustom v.使习惯get accustomed to sth. 海关custom 关税tariffacquaintance acquaintance n.熟悉，认识acronym acronym(acr-高,-onym词)n.首字母缩略词acute acute a.敏锐的性急的，急性病chronic慢性病adapt adapt v.适应环境adaptable 能适应的adaptation 适应，改写本addictive addictive a.(吸毒)上瘾的addict (dict-被命令做某事)v.使沉迷additive additive (add-加)添加剂，附加的adept adept a.老练的adjoining/adjacent adjoining/ adjacent a.邻近的，毗邻的adjust adjust (just-正确)v.调整，校准adjustment n.adobe adobe n.土坯，印第安人造房原料abode abode n.住所，住房adopt adopt (opt-选择)v.收养，采纳adoption n.adornment adornment (orn-饰)n. 装饰ornamentation 饰品advent advent n.来到adventure n.冒险with the advent of 21 century 随着21世纪的到来adverse adverse(-verse转)a.不利的，逆反的～wind 逆风～influence 不利影响adversity n.灾难，不幸，逆境adversary n.对手，敌手advocate advocate v./n.支持，拥护(者)anesthetic esthetic a.感觉的anesthetic (an-无)a.麻醉的aesthetic a.美感的，美学的affect affect v.影响，假装severe strom adversely affect our studyaffected affected a.装模作样的affection n.友爱，友情affectation affectation n.假装affiliate affiliate(fili-绳子,家族,一条线,儿子)v.变成...的儿子，和...联合,加盟进去,附加filiale 子公司filial 子女的，孝顺的afflict afflict(flict-打击)v.折磨conflict n.冲突affluent affluent(flu-流动) a.富有的，丰富的aggravating aggravating(grav-重)a.一再恶化的gravity 重力gravitation 万有引力aggregate aggregate (greg-团体，是group的变体)v.总计aggregation n. 集合gregarious a.群居的,社交的agitation agitation n.激动,煽动agitate v. 鼓动akin to akin(-kin亲情关系) ～to 和...相近,关系密切alchemy alchemy(chem-化学)n. 炼金术chemistry 化学alder alder 赤杨树older 老人坐在赤杨树下sloth sloth 树懒algae algae n.海藻algal a.alien alien n.外国人alienate v.疏远all but all but + a. almost几乎集合+n. all except 除...之外所有的all inclusive all inclusive 无所不包的allocate allocate(loc-地方)v.分配(财富)alloy alloy n.合金ally ally n.联盟，盟军alternate alternate v.交替alternative a.二中选一的altitude altitude (-alt高)n. 高度exalt 晋升，赞扬latitude latitude 纬度，自由空间longitude 经度aluminium aluminium 铝ambiance ambiance(ambi-两边) n.周围，氛围amenable amenable a.负责任的,应服从的amiable amiable a.和蔼可亲的amplify amplify(ampl-大)v.放大amplifier 扩音器ancestor ancestor(an-在前面ces-走)祖先annihilate annihilate(nihil-变成零)v.消灭,歼灭nihility虚无annual annual a.一年一度的anomaly anomaly (norm-规范)n.异常的人或物anonymous anonymous(an-无onym-名字)a.匿名的antibiotics antibiotics(anti-抗bio-生理)a.抗生素的antiquate antiquate v.使古旧,废弃antique古董,过时的antiquated a.陈旧的antiquity 古代apart from apart from 除...之外besides;aside fromappeal appeal v.上诉,呼吁,吸引力(to)appealing appealing有吸引力的apprentice apprentice n.学徒，一再锻炼的人(practise)approach approach v. 接近(to sb.),方法aptly aptly a.恰当的,得体的aquatic aquatic a.水的,水生的aquarium 水族馆arch arch n.弧形,拱形门,主要的archaeology archaeology(archae-古代)n.考古学archipelago archipelago(archi-主要的)n.群岛, 以o结尾的词大量是意大利语，如：女高音-女中音-女低音soprano-mezzo-altoarchitect architect n.建筑师arduous arduous(ard-热情-ous过多)a.费劲的,劳累的ardent n.热情arena arena n.斗牛场,竞技场arid arid a.干旱的armature armature n.盔甲armoraromatic aromatic a. 芬芳的aroma n.芳香array array(ray光线)v. 排列arthritis arthritis(arth-关节-itis炎症)关节炎arthrosis arthrosis n.关节hepatitis n.肝炎artificial artificial a.人造的artisan artisan(-san人)n.工匠,艺人partisan游击队党徒as a rule as a rule 通常,总的来说as a whole/generallyas a rough thumb as a rough thumb(拇指)大概来说as far as as far as 就...来说;远到China's border is as far north as Mohe.中国边界北部远达漠河。

托福TOEFL考试核心词汇速记570词

托福TOEFL考试核心词汇速记570词托福（TOEFL）考试核心词汇速记570词托福核心词汇速记：(251-260)infrastructure 基础设施，公共建设n. subordinate parts, installations, etc that form the basisof a system, an organization oran enterprise (eg of an army) , 【词源解析】infra-底下inherent 粘附adj. ~ existing as a natural or permanent feature or quality of sb/sth【词源解析】her=stick,表示“粘附”initial 开始的，最初的 adj. of or at the beginning; first【词源解析】it=go，表示“行走”，刚开始走，起步exit n 出口，出去(ex 出+it→走出，出口)initiate v 开始;开创initiative a 起步的 n. 原动力(initiate 开始+ive)innovate 革新，创新 v. make changes; introduce new things 【词源解析】Nov=new，表示“新的'”novel a 新奇的 n. 小说(nov+el)nova n 新星(now+a 表示物体→新天体)renovate v 翻新(re 重新+nov+ate→重新翻新)input 输入 n. ~ action of putting sth ininsert 插入 v. ~ sth put, fit, place sth into sth or between two things【词源解析】sert=join，表示“加入，插入”assert v 断言;主张(as+sert→强行插入观点→断言)desert v 离开;抛弃(de 分开+sert→不再加入→离开)exsert v 使突出;伸出(ex 出+sert→插出去→突出)下载全文。

雅思托福570学术词汇词源解析

雅思托福570学术词汇词源解析1版权作者：王鑫转载请注明，谢谢abandon【释义】放弃；遗弃v. go away from (a person or thing or place) not intending to return; forsake; desert【词源解析】a(否定前缀)+band(绑)+on（后缀），不要绑起来，就是放弃，遗弃。

band表示“绑起来”，来源于bind（绑），可用谐音记住，和汉语发音相似。

band作为独立的单词，是我们熟悉的“乐队”，核心意思也是“绑”，把主唱（singer）、贝斯手（bassist）、吉他手（guitar player）和鼓手（drummer）等“绑”在一起不就成了band（乐队）了吗？【同源扩展】bind-band-bond-bund-bound，发生元音互变，其核心意思不改变。

bandage n. 绷带（band-绑，age-名词后缀）bandit n. 强盗（强盗就是把你给“绑起来”）bond n. 结合,债券,粘结剂，粘合剂bondage n. 奴役,束缚bundle n. 捆,束bound 界限，范围（把一个地区或国家给“绑”起来，就有了界限了）boundary 界限abound 充满，富于（a-表否定，bound界限→没有界限的，无边无际→充满）【词源知识】元音互换abstract【释义】概念，抽象的existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or practical 【词源解析】abs-出来（away）+tract 拉→拉出来→抽象的。

tract表示“拉”，可用tractor-拖拉机记住【同源扩展】由tract构成的词：attract v 吸引（at 强调+tract→不断拉→吸引）辅音同化contract n 契约v. 收缩（con 共同+tract→共同拉回去→收缩；对大家都有制约→合同）detract v 降低；贬损（de 坏+tract→拉坏→降低）distract v 分散；使混乱（dis 分开+tract→思想被拉开→分心，分散）extract v 抽出；提炼出（ex 出+tract→拉出来→提炼出）retract v 缩进；退缩（re 向后+t ract→向后拉→缩进）sudtract v 减去；扣除（sub 下+tract→拉下去→减去）高阶演变：1. tract-drag（t-d互换，ct-g互换），drag-draw（g-w互换）drag 拖累,拖拉,慢条斯理地走dragon 龙，拉出来一样draw 拉,拖,挨近,提取,画,绘制（绘画就是把具体的东西抽象得拉出来）drawer 抽屉（拉出来的东西）drawl v. 懒洋洋地说,作做而慢慢地说（拉长时间说）2. tract-treat(a-ea, ct-t)treat n. 宴请, 请客, 款待v. 视为, 论述, 对待; 交涉, 协商, 谈判(这么多含义，只要把握住它的核心意思“拉”，就好理解了。

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写在前面各位亲爱的烤鸭考托的同学们在你们备考的过程中会碰到2个非常头疼的词——单词托福雅思对词汇量的要求大概在8000左右单词记忆一直困扰着中国考生很多同学都是从abandon开始背起勉强可以坚持几天到最后都还只是停留在开头几页这里给大家一个词汇表总共570个单词不多，但是用处非常大！是托福雅思最基本，最高频的词汇我对里面大部分单词进行了解析1个单词可以扩展出几个单词出来如果你对词根词缀或者我倡导的词源有一定的了解的话可以通过这570个单词的学习掌握大概3000个单词如果你没有勇气尝试背那些厚厚的词汇书的话如果你离考生就只有那么几天的话赶紧背570单词吧别让托福/雅思毁了我们的青春！有任何问题欢迎在我博客或者微博上留言祝大家考试顺利！我是王鑫一个对单词记忆研究近乎痴狂的人博客：/05wangxin微博：/05theone托福雅思570高频学术词汇-音标版（解析在后面）1.abandon[ə'bændən]v.放弃；抛弃2.abstract['æbstrækt,æb'strækt]a.抽象的n.摘要3.academy[ə'kædəmi]n.研究院；学院；学会4.access['ækses,'æksəs,æk'ses]n.接近；入口5.accommodate[ə'kɔmədeit]v.容纳；给…提供住宿；使适应6.accompany[ə'kʌmpəni]v.陪伴；伴随7.accumulate[ə'kju:mjuleit]v.积累8.accurate['ækjurət]a.准确的9.achieve[ə'tʃi:v]v.完成；达到10.acknowledge[ək'nɔlidʒ]v.承认；致谢11.acquire[ə'kwaiə]v.获得12.adapt[ə'dæpt]v.使适应；改编13.adequate['ædikwit]a.足够的14.adjacent[ə'dʒeisənt]a.毗连的；紧接着的15.adjust[ə'dʒʌst]v.调整；修改16.administration[əd,mini'streiʃən]n.管理；管理局；行政；政府17.adult['ædʌlt,ə'dʌlt]n.&a.成人18.advocate['ædvəkeit,'ædvəkət]n.拥护者v.拥护19.affect[ə'fekt,'æfekt]v.影响20.aggregate['æɡriɡət,'æɡriɡeit]a.总的n.总计v.总计21.aid[eid]v.帮助n.帮助；助手22.albeit[ɔ:l'bi:it]conj.虽然23.allocate['æləukeit]v.分派24.alter['ɔ:ltə]v.改变25.alternative[ɔ:l'tə:nətiv]n.替代物a.选择的26.ambiguous[æm'biɡjuəs]a.模棱两可的27.amend[ə'mend]v.修订；改过自新28.analogy[ə'nælədʒi]a.类似；比拟；类推29.analyze['ænəlaiz]v.分析30.annual['ænjuəl]a.每年的n.年鉴31.anticipate[æn'tisipeit]v.预料32.apparent[ə'pærənt]a.明显的33.append[ə'pend]v.附上34.appreciate[ə'pri:ʃieit]v.欣赏；感激35.approach[ə'prəutʃ]v.靠近n.方法36.appropriate[ə'prəuprieit,ə'prəupriət]a.恰当的37.approximate[ə'prɔksimit]a.近似的v.与…近似38.arbitrary['ɑ:bitrəri]a.任意的；专断的39.area['εəriə]n.地区；面积；领域40.aspect['æspekt]n.方面；面貌41.assemble[ə'sembl]v.集合；装配；收集42.assess[ə'ses]v.对…估价；评价43.assign[ə'sain]v.指定；分配44.assist[ə'sist]v.帮助45.assume[ə'sju:m,ə'su:m]v.假设；认为；承担；呈现托福雅思570高频学术词汇王鑫博客：/05wangxin微博：/05theone46.assure[ə'ʃuə]v.向…保证47.attach[ə'tætʃ]v.系；贴；使附加；使依恋48.attain[ə'tein]v.达到；获得49.attitude['ætɪtjuːd,-tuːd]n.态度；姿势50.attribute[ə'tribju:t,'ætribju:t]v.把…归因于n.性质51.author['ɔ:θə]n.作者；作家；创始人52.authority[ɔ:'θɔrəti]n.当局；权威；权力53.automate['ɔ:təmeit]v.使自动化54.available[ə'veiləbl]a.可得到的55.aware[ə'wεə]a.意识到的56.behalf[bi'hɑ:f]n.利益57.benefit['benifit]n.利益；津贴v.有利于；获益58.bias['baiəs]n.偏见；爱好59.bond[bɔnd]n.纽带；债券60.brief[bri:f]a.简短的61.bulk[bʌlk]n.体积；主体62.capable['keipəbl]a.能够；有能力的63.capacity[kə'pæsəti]n.容量；潜在能力64.category['kætiɡəri]n.种类；范畴65.cease[si:s]n.&v.停止66.challenge['tʃælindʒ]n.挑战67.channel['tʃænəl]n.海峡；渠道；频道68.chapter['tʃæptə]n.章69.chart[tʃɑ:t]n.图表v.制图表70.chemical['kemikəl]a.化学的n.化学药品71.circumstance['sə:kəmstəns]n.情况72.cite[sait]v.引用73.civil['sivəl]a.公民的；国内的；民用的74.clarify['klærifai]v.阐明75.classic['klæsik]n.名著a.古典的76.clause[klɔ:z]n.条款；从句77.code[kəud]n.法典；代码；习俗78.coherent[kəu'hiərənt]a.一致的；连贯的79.coincide[,kəuin'said]v.巧合，同时发生80.collapse[kə'læps]v.&n.倒坍；瓦解81.colleague['kɔli:ɡ]n.同事mence[kə'mens]v.开始ment['kɔment]n.&v.评论；注释mission[kə'miʃən]n.委员会；委托；委托书；佣金mit[kə'mit]v.犯罪modity[kə'mɔditi]n.日用品municate[kə'mju:nikeit]v.通信；交流munity[kə'mju:niti]n.社区；社会；界patible[kəm'pætəbl]a.和睦的；兼容的pensate['kɔmpenseit]v.补偿pile[kəm'pail]v.编plement['kɔmplimənt]v.&n.补充plex['kɔmpleks]a.复杂的ponent[kəm'pəunənt]n.组成部分a.组成的pound['kɔmpaund,kəm'paund]n.化合物a.复合的prehensive[,kɔmpri'hensiv]a.综合的prise[kəm'praiz]v.包含；构成pute[kəm'pju:t]v.计算99.conceive[kən'si:v]v.构思；怀胎；认为100.concentrate['kɔnsəntreit]v.集中；浓缩101.concept['kɔnsept]n.概念102.conclude[kən'klu:d]v.结束；下结论103.concurrent[kən'kʌrənt]a.同时发生的；并存的104.conduct['kɔndʌkt,kən'dʌkt]n.行为v.实施；指挥；导电105.confer[kən'fə:]v.授予；协商106.confine[kən'fain,'kɔnfain]v.限制；禁闭107.confirm[kən'fə:m]v.证实108.conflict[kən'flikt,'kɔnflikt]n.冲突v.冲突109.conform[kən'fɔ:m]v.遵守；符合110.consent[kən'sent]n.&v.同意111.consequent['kɔnsi,kwənt]a.作为结果的112.considerable[kən'sidərəbl]a.相当的113.consist[kən'sist]v.由…组成114.constant['kɔnstənt]a.不断的115.constitute['kɔnstitju:t]v.构成116.constrain[kən'strein]v.限制；强制117.construct[kən'strʌkt]v.建造118.consult[kɔn'sʌlt,'kɔnsʌlt]v.商量；咨询；查阅119.consume[kən'sju:m]v.消耗；消费120.contact['kɔntækt,kən'tækt]v.&n.接触；联系121.contemporary[kən'tempərəri]a.当代的n.同代人122.context['kɔntekst]n.上下文；背景123.contract['kɔntrækt,kən'trækt]n.合同v.收缩124.contradict[,kɔntrə'dikt]v.反驳；与…矛盾125.contrary['kɔntrəri]a.&n.相反126.contrast[kən'trɑ:st,-'træst,'kɔntrɑ:st,-træst]n.对比v.形成对比127.contribute[kən'tribju:t]v.捐献；贡献；投稿128.controversy['kɔntrə,və:si]n.争论129.convene[kən'vi:n]v.召集130.converse[kən'və:s]a.相反的131.convert[kən'və:t]v.转化132.convince[kən'vins]v.使确信133.cooperate[kəu'ɔpəreit]v.合作134.coordinate[kəu'ɔ:dinit,kəu'ɔ:dineit]a.同等的v.使协调135.core[kɔ:]n.核心136.corporate['kɔ:pərit]a.公司的137.correspond[,kɔ:ri'spɔnd]v.通信；符合；对应138.couple['kʌpl]n.两个；夫妇139.create[kri'eit]v.创造；引起140.credit['kredit]n.信用；学分；功劳141.criterion[krai'tiəriən]n.标准142.crucial['kru:ʃəl]a.决定性的143.culture['kʌltʃə]n.文化；修养144.currency['kərənsi]n.货币145.cycle['saikl]n.循环；周期146.data['deitə]n.[复]数据147.debate[di'beit]n.&v.辩论148.decade['dekeid]n.十年149.decline[di'klain]v.谢绝；下倾；衰退n.衰退150.deduce[di'dju:s]v.演绎151.define[di'fain]v.给…下定义；明确152.definite['definit]a.明确的153.demonstrate['demənstreit]v.表明；演示；示威154.denote[di'nəut]v.表示155.deny[di'nai]v.否认156.depress[di'pres]v.使沮丧157.derive[di'raiv]v.引伸；起源158.design[di'zain]v.设计n.设计；图案159.despite[di'spait]prep.尽管160.detect[di'tekt]v.发觉；检测161.deviate['di:vieit,'di:viət]v.背离162.device[di'vais]n.装置；设计163.devote[di'vəut]v.致力；为…献身164.differentiate[,difə'renʃieit]v.区分165.dimension[di'menʃən,dai-]n.尺寸；维166.diminish[di'miniʃ]v.减少167.discrete[dis'kri:t]a.分离的168.discriminate[dis'krimineit,dis'kriminət]v.区别；歧视169.displace[dis'pleis]v.移置；置换170.display[,dis'plei]v.&n.展览；显示171.dispose[dis'pəuz]v.处置172.distinct[dis'tiŋkt]a.清晰的；独特的；不同的173.distort[dis'tɔ:t]v.歪曲；扭曲174.distribute[di'stribju:t,'dis-]v.分发；分配；分布175.diverse[dai'və:s,di-]a.多样的176.document['dɔkjumənt,'dɔkjument]n.文件v.引证177.domain[dəu'mein]n.领域；域；版图178.domestic[dəu'mestik]a.国内的；家庭的179.dominate['dɔmineit]v.支配180.draft[drɑ:ft,dræft]n.草稿v.起草181.drama['drɑ:mə,dræmə]n.戏剧182.duration[djuə'reiʃən]n.持续时间183.dynamic[dai'næmik]a.有活力的184.economy[i'kɔnəmi]n.经济；节约185.edit['edit]v.编辑186.element['elimənt]n.元素；要素187.eliminate[i'limineit]v.消灭；消除188.emerge[i'mə:dʒ]v.出现189.emphasis['emfəsis]n.强调190.empirical[em'pirikəl]n.经验的191.enable[i'neibl]v.使能够192.encounter[in'kauntə]v.&n.遇到193.energy['enədʒi]n.精力；能量194.enforce[in'fɔ:s]v.实施；强制195.enhance[in'hɑ:ns,-hæns]v.增强196.enormous[i'nɔ:məs]a.巨大的；大量的197.ensure[in'ʃuə]v.保证198.entity['entəti]n.实体199.environment[in'vaiərənmənt]n.环境200.equate[i'kweit]v.使相等；使平等201.equip[i'kwip]v.装备202.equivalent[i'kwivələnt]a.相等的n.等值物203.erode[i'rəud]v.腐蚀204.error['erə]n.错误205.establish[i'stæbliʃ]v.建立；确立206.estate[i'steit]n.房地产；财产207.estimate['estimeit]v.估计n.208.ethic['eθik]n.伦理209.ethnic['eθnik]n.种族的210.evaluate[i'væljueit]v.对…估价；评价211.eventual[i'ventʃuəl]a.最后的212.evident['evidənt]a.明显的213.evolve[i'vɔlv]v.进化；演变214.exceed[ik'si:d]v.超过215.exclude[iks'klu:d]v.排除216.exhibit[iɡ'zibit]v.显示；展览n.展览217.expand[ik'spænd]v.扩大；膨胀218.expert['ekspə:t,ek'spə:t]n.专家a.熟练的219.explicit[ik'splisit]a.明晰的；详述的；直率的220.exploit['eksplɔit,ik's-]v.剥削；利用；开采n.功绩221.export[ik'spɔ:t,'eks-,'ekspɔ:t]v.出口n.出口；出口商品222.expose[ik'spəuz]v.暴露；揭露；使接触223.external[ik'stə:nəl]a.外部的224.extract[ik'strækt,'ekstrækt]v.取出；榨取n.摘录225.facilitate[fə'siliteit]v.使容易；促进226.factor['fæktə]n.因素；因子227.feature['fi:tʃə]n.特征；容貌228.federal['fedərəl]a.联邦的；联盟的229.fee[fi:]n.费230.file['fail]n.档案；文件；锉231.final['fainl]a.最后的；决定性的232.finance[fai'næns]n.财政；金融v.给…提供资金233.finite['fainait]a.有限的234.flexible['fleksibl]a.易弯曲的；灵活的235.fluctuate['flʌktjueit]v.波动236.focus['fəukəs]v.集中n.焦点；焦距237.format['fɔ:mæt]n.格式238.formula['fɔ:mjulə]n.公式239.forthcoming['fɔ:θ'kʌmiŋ]a.即将到来的240.found[faund]v.创立；建立241.foundation[faun'deiʃən]n.创立；基础；基金会242.framework['freimwə:k]n.框架；体制243.function['fʌŋkʃən]n.功能；函数v.运行244.fund[fʌnd]n.基金245.fundamental[,fʌndə'mentəl]a.基础的；根本的246.furthermore['fə:ðəmɔ:]ad.此外247.gender['dʒendə]n.性别248.generate['dʒenəreit]v.产生249.generation[,dʒenə'reiʃən]n.一代；产生250.globe[ɡləub]n.球；地球251.goal[ɡəul]n.球门；目标252.grade[ɡreid]n.等级；年级；成绩253.grant[ɡrɑ:nt,ɡrænt]n.授予物；拨款；助学金v.授予254.guarantee[,ɡærən'ti:]n.&v.保证255.guideline['ɡaidlain]n.方针256.hence[hens]ad.因此257.hierarchy['haiə,rɑ:ki]n.等级制度258.highlight['hailait]n.精华v.强调259.hypothesis[hai'pɔθisis]n.假设；假说260.identical[ai'dentikəl]a.同一的261.identify[ai'dentifai]v.认出；识别262.ideology[,aidi'ɔlədʒi,,idi-]n.思想体系；意识形态263.ignorance['iɡnərəns]n.无知；不知道264.illustrate['iləstreit]v.举例说明；图解265.image['imidʒ]n.像；图像；形象266.immigrate['imiɡreit]v.移民入境267.impact['impækt,im'pækt]n.碰撞；影响268.implement['implimənt,'impliment]n.工具v.贯彻269.implicate['implikeit]v.暗示；使牵连270.implicit[im'plisit]a.含蓄的；内含的271.imply[im'plai]v.暗示272.impose[im'pəuz]v.征(税)；强加273.incentive[in'sentiv]n.&a.刺激274.incidence['insidəns]n.发生275.incline[in'klain]n.斜坡v.使倾斜；使倾向276.income['inkʌm]n.收入277.incorporate[in'kɔ:pəreit,in'kɔ:pərət]v.合并278.index['indeks]n.索引；指标；指数279.indicate['indikeit]v.表明280.individual[,indi'vidjuəl,-dʒəl]n.个人；个体a.单个的；独特的281.induce[in'dju:s,in'du:s]v.劝诱；导致282.inevitable[in'evitəbl]a.不可避免的283.infer[in'fə:]v.推断284.infrastructure['infrə,strʌktʃə]n.基础设施285.inherent[in'hiərənt]a.固有的286.inhibit[in'hibit]v.抑制287.initial[i'niʃəl]a.最初的n.首字母288.initiate[i'niʃieit,i'niʃiət,-eit]v.开始；启蒙289.injure['indʒə]v.使受伤290.innovate['inəuveit]v.创新291.input['input]v.&n.输入292.insert[in'sə:t,'insə:t]v.插入n.插页293.insight['insait]n.洞察力；见识294.inspect[in'spekt]v.检查；视察295.instance['instəns]n.例子296.institute['institjut,-tu:t]n.研究所；学院v.设立297.instruct[in'strʌkt]v.教；指导298.integral['intiɡrəl]a.整体的299.integrate['intiɡreit,'intiɡrit,-ɡreit]v.使结合300.integrity[in'teɡrəti]n.诚信；完整301.intelligence[in'telidʒəns]n.智力；情报302.intense[in'tens]a.强烈的303.interact['intərækt]v.相互作用304.intermediate[,intə'mi:djət,-dieit]a.中间的；中级的305.internal[in'tə:nəl]a.内部的306.interpret[in'tə:prit]v.解释；口译307.interval['intəvəl]n.间隔；休息308.intervene[,intə'vi:n]v.干预309.intrinsic[in'trinsik,-kəl]a.内在的310.invest[in'vest]v.投资311.investigate[in'vestiɡeit]v.调查312.invoke[in'vəuk]v.恳求；实施313.involve[in'vɔlv]v.使卷入314.isolate['aisəleit,-lit]v.隔离；孤立315.issue['iʃju:,'isju:]n.问题v.发行316.item['aitəm]n.条款；条317.job[dʒɔb]n.工作318.journal['dʒə:nəl]n.杂志319.justify['dʒʌstifai]v.证明…有理bel['leibl]n.标签；标记bor['leibə]n.&v.劳动yer['leiə]n.层323.lecture['lektʃə]n.&v.讲课；讲座324.legal['li:ɡəl]a.合法的；法律的325.legislate['ledʒisleit]v.为…立法326.levy['levi]v.征收n.税款327.liberal['libərəl]a.自由的；开明的n.开明的人328.license['laisəns]n.执照329.likewise['laikwaiz]ad.同样地330.link[liŋk]v.连接n.链；环节331.locate[ləu'keit,'ləu]v.使位于；找到332.logic['lɔdʒik]n.逻辑333.maintain[mein'tein]v.维持；维修334.major['meidʒə]a.较大的；主要的n.专业v.专修335.manipulate[mə'nipjuleit]v.操作；操纵336.manual['mænjuəl]a.手的；体力的n.手册337.margin['mɑ:dʒin]n.页边距；边缘；余地338.mature[mə'tjuə]a.&v.成熟339.maximize['mæksimaiz]v.使最大化340.mechanism['mekənizəm]n.机制341.media['mi:diə]n.媒体342.mediate['mi:dieit]v.调停343.medical['medikəl]a.医学的344.medium['mi:diəm,-djəm]n.媒质；中间a.中等的345.mental['mentəl]a.精神的；脑力的346.method['meθəd]n.方法347.migrate[mai'ɡreit,'maiɡ-]v.迁移itary['militəri]a.军事的349.minimal['miniməl]a.最小的350.minimize['minimaiz]v.使最小化351.minimum['miniməm]n.最小量a.最小的352.ministry['ministri]n.部353.minor['mainə]a.次要的n.辅修专业v.辅修354.mode[məud]n.模式355.modify['mɔdifai]v.修改；修饰356.monitor['mɔnitə]n.班长；显示器v.监视357.motive['məutiv]n.动机a.运动的358.mutual['mju:tʃuəl,-tjuəl]a.相互的；共同的359.negate[ni'ɡeit,'neɡeit,'ni:-]v.否定work['netwə:k]n.网络361.neutral['nju:trəl]a.中立的；中性的362.nevertheless[,nevəðə'les]ad.然而363.nonetheless[,nʌnðə'les]ad.然而364.norm[nɔ:m]n.标准365.normal['nɔ:məl]a.正常的；正规的366.notion['nəuʃən]n.概念；想法367.notwithstanding[,nɔtwiθ'stændiŋ,-wið-]prep.&conj.虽然368.nuclear['nju:kliə,'nu:-]a.核的；核心的369.objective[əb'dʒektiv,ɔb-]a.客观的n.目标370.obtain[əb'tein,ɔb-]v.获得371.obvious['ɔbviəs]a.明显的372.occupy['ɔkjupai]v.占；使忙碌373.occur[ə'kə:]v.发生；出现；想起374.odd[ɔd]a.奇怪的；奇数的；临时的375.offset[,ɔf'set,,ɔ:-,'ɔfset,'ɔ:-]n.分支v.抵消376.ongoing['ɔn,ɡəuiŋ,'ɔ:n-]n.进行中的377.option['ɔpʃən]n.选择378.orient['ɔ:riənt,'əu-,'ɔ:rient]n.东方v.给…定位379.outcome['autkʌm]n.结果380.output['autput,,aut'put]n.产量；输出381.overall['əuvərɔ:l,,əuvə'rɔ:l]n.[overalls]工作服a.总体的382.overlap[,əuvə'læp,'əuvəlæp]v.重叠383.overseas['əuvə'si:z]ad.&a.海外384.panel['pænl]n.专门小组；面板385.paradigm['pærədim]n.范例386.paragraph['pærəɡrɑ:f,-ɡræf]n.段落387.parallel['pærəlel]a.平行的v.使平行388.parameter[pə'ræmitə]n.参数389.participate[pɑ:'tisipeit]v.参加390.partner['pɑ:tnə]n.伙伴391.passive['pæsiv]a.被动的；消极的392.perceive[pə'si:v]v.感觉到；理解393.percent[pə'sent]n.百分之…394.period['pɪərɪəd]n.时期；句号395.persist[pə'sist,-'zist]v.坚持；持续396.perspective[pə'spektiv]n.角度；观点397.phase[feiz]n.阶段398.phenomenon[fi'nɔminən,fə-]n.现象399.philosophy[fi'lɔsəfi,fə-]n.哲学400.physical['fizikəl]a.物质的；身体的；物理的401.plus[plʌs]prep.加n.加号402.policy['pɔlisi]n.政策403.portion['pɔ:ʃən,'pəu-]n.部分；份v.分404.pose[pəuz]v.摆姿势；提出n.姿势405.positive['pɔzətiv,-zi-]a.肯定的；积极的；正的；阳性的406.potential[pəu'tenʃəl]a.潜在的n.潜力407.practitioner[præk'tiʃənə]n.开业者408.precede[pri:'si:d,pri-]v.先于；优先于409.precise[pri'sais]a.精确的410.predict[pri'dikt]v.预言411.predominant[,pri'dɔminənt]a.占优势的；主要的412.preliminary[pri'liminəri]a.预备的；初步的n.初试；预赛413.presume[pri'zju:m,-'zu:m]v.假定414.previous['pri:vjəs]a.先前的415.primary['praiməri]a.初级的；主要的416.prime[praim]a.首要的n.全盛时期417.principal['prinsəpəl]a.主要的n.校长418.principle['prinsəpl]n.原则419.prior['praiə]a.在先的420.priority[prai'ɔrəti]n.在先；重点421.proceed[prəu'si:d]v.继续进行422.process['prəuses,'prɔ-]n.过程v.加工423.professional[prəu'feʃənəl]a.职业的n.专业人员424.prohibit[prəu'hibit]v.禁止425.project['prɔdʒekt,'prəu,prə'dʒekt]n.项目；工程v.投射426.promote[prəu'məut]v.促进；提升；促销427.proportion[prəˈpɔːʃ(ə)n]n.比例；相称428.prospect['prɔspekt]n.前景v.勘探429.protocol['prəutəkɔl]n.协议；礼仪430.psychology[psai'kɔlədʒi]n.心理学431.publication[,pʌbli'keiʃən]n.出版；出版物432.publish['pʌbliʃ]v.出版433.purchase['pə:tʃəs]n.&v.购买434.pursue[pə'sju:,-'su:]v.追；追求；从事435.qualitative['kwɔlitətiv,-tei-]a.质的；定性的436.quote[kwəut,kəut]v.引用437.radical['rædikəl]a.基本的；激进的438.random['rændəm]n.&a.随机439.range[reindʒ]n.范围；山脉；炉灶v.排列440.ratio['reiʃiəu,-ʃəu]n.比441.rational['ræʃənəl]a.理性的；合理的442.react[ri'ækt,ri:-]v.反应443.recover[ri'kʌvə]v.恢复；挽回444.refine[ri'fain]v.提炼445.regime[rei'ʒi:m,ri-,ri'dʒi:m]n.政权；制度446.region['ri:dʒən]n.地区；领域447.register['redʒistə]n.&v.登记；注册；挂号n.登记簿448.regulate['reɡjuleit]v.调整449.reinforce[,ri:in'fɔ:s]v.增援；加强450.reject[ri'dʒekt]v.拒绝451.relax[ri'læks]v.使放松452.release[ri'li:s]v.&n.释放；公布453.relevant['reləvənt]a.相关的454.reluctance[ri'lʌktəns]n.勉强455.rely[ri'lai]v.依靠；信赖456.remove[ri'mu:v]v.移开；搬迁；消除457.require[ri'kwaiə]v.需要；要求458.research[ri'sə:tʃ,'ri:s-]n.研究459.reside[ri'zaid]v.居住460.resolve[ri'zɔlv]v.解决；决心n.决心461.resource[ri'sɔ:s,-'zɔ:s,'ri:s-,'ri:z-]n.资源；谋略462.respond[ri'spɔnd]v.回答；响应463.restore[ri'stɔ:]v.恢复；归还464.restrain[ri'strein]v.抑制465.restrict[ri'strikt]v.限制466.retain[ri'tein]v.保持；保留467.reveal[ri'vi:l]v.显示；告诉468.revenue['revənju:,-nu:]n.税收469.reverse[ri'və:s]v.颠倒n.相反；背面470.revise[ri'vaiz,'ri:vaiz]v.修订471.revolution[,revə'lu:ʃən]n.革命；旋转472.rigid['ridʒid]a.刻板的473.role[rəul]n.角色；作用474.route[ru:t,raut]n.路线475.scenario[si'nɑ:riəu,-'næ-,-'nεə-]n.剧本；方案476.schedule['ʃədju:əl,-dʒu:əl,'skedʒu:əl,-dʒuəl]n.时间表477.scheme[ski:m]v.计划n.方案；诡计478.scope[skəup]n.范围479.section['sekʃən]n.部分；截面480.sector['sektə]n.扇形；部门481.secure[si'kjuə]a.安全的v.获得482.seek[si:k]v.寻找；试图483.select[si'lekt]v.选择484.sequence['si:kwəns]n.顺序；连续485.series['siəri:z,-riz]n.系列486.sex[seks]n.性别；性487.shift[ʃift]v.&n.转移488.significant[sig'nifikənt]n.有意义的；重要的489.similar['similə]a.相似的490.simulate['simjuleit]v.假装；模仿491.site[sait]n.地点；场所492.so-called['səu'kɔ:ld]a.所谓的493.sole[səul]n.脚底；鞋底a.唯一的494.somewhat['sʌmhwɔt,-hwət]ad.有点495.source[sɔ:s]n.源；来源496.specific[spi'sifik]a.具体的；特有的497.specify['spesəfai,-si-]v.指定；详细说明498.sphere[sfiə]n.球；领域499.stable['steibl]a.稳定的n.马厩500.statistic[stə'tistik]a.统计的501.status['steitəs,'stæ-]n.地位502.straightforward[,streit'fɔ:wəd]a.坦率的；明确的503.strategy['strætidʒi]n.战略；策略504.stress[stres]n.压力；重音v.强调505.structure['strʌktʃə]n.结构；建筑物506.style[stail]n.风格507.submit[səb'mit]v.服从；提交508.subordinate[sə'bɔ:dinət,-neit,sə'bɔ:dineit]a.下级的；从属的n.部下509.subsequent['sʌbsikwənt]a.随后的510.subsidy['sʌbsidi]n.补助；津贴511.substitute['sʌbstitju:t,-tu:t]n.代替者v.代替512.successor[sək'sesə]n.继任者513.sufficient[sə'fiʃənt]a.足够的514.sum[sʌm]n.总数；金额v.总计515.summary['sʌməri]n.概要a.概括的516.supplement['sʌplimənt,'sʌpləment]n.增刊；补遗v.增补；补充517.survey[sə:'vei,'sə:vei,sə-]v.俯瞰；测量；调查n.俯瞰；测量；调查518.survive[sə'vaiv]v.幸存519.suspend[sə'spend]v.悬挂；推迟520.sustain[sə'stein]v.保持；忍受521.symbol['simbəl]n.象征；符号522.tape[teip]v.捆；录(磁带)n.带子；磁带523.target['tɑ:ɡit]n.靶子；目标524.task[tɑ:sk,tæsk]n.任务525.team[ti:m]n.队；团队v.协作526.technical['teknikəl]a.技术的527.technique[tek'ni:k]n.技术；技巧528.technology[tek'nɔlədʒi]n.技术529.temporary['tempərəri]a.暂时的；临时的530.tense[tens]n.时态a.绷紧的531.terminate['tə:mineit]v.终止532.text[tekst]n.正文,文本533.theme[θi:m]n.主题534.theory['θiəri,'θi:ə-]n.理论535.thereby[,ðεə'bai,'ðεəbai]ad.从而536.thesis['θi:sis]n.论文；论点537.topic['tɔpik]n.话题538.trace[treis]n.痕迹v.追踪539.tradition[trə'diʃən]n.传统540.transfer[træns'fə:]v.&n.转移；换车；调动541.transform[træns'fɔ:m,trænz-,trɑ:n-]v.转变；改革542.transit['trænsit,-zit,'trɑ:n-]n.通过；运输；过渡543.transmit[trænz'mit,træns-,trɑ:n-]v.传播；传递544.transport[træns'pɔ:t;trænz-træns'pɔ:t,trænz-,trɑ:n-,'trænspɔ:t,'trænz-,'trɑ:n-]n.&v.运输545.trend[trend]n.趋势546.trigger['triɡə]v.引发n.板机547.ultimate['ʌltimət]a.最终的；根本的548.undergo[,ʌndə'ɡəu]v.经历549.underlie[,ʌndə'lai]v.是…的基础550.undertake[,ʌndə'teik]v.接受；从事551.uniform['ju:nifɔ:m]a.一样的n.制服552.unify['ju:nifai]v.统一553.unique[ju:'ni:k]a.独一无二的554.utilize['ju:tilaiz]v.利用555.valid['vælid]a.有效的；正当的556.vary['vεəri]v.变化；使多样化557.vehicle['viːɪk(ə)l]n.车辆558.version['və:ʃən]n.译文；说法559.via['vaiə]prep.经由560.violate['vaiəleit]v.违犯561.virtual['və:tʃuəl]a.实际上的562.visible['vizəbl]a.可看见的563.vision['viʒən]n.视力；眼光564.visual['vizjuəl]a.视觉的565.volume['vɔlju:m]n.卷，册；体积；额；音量566.voluntary['vɔləntəri]a.自愿的567.welfare['welfεə]n.福利568.whereas[hwεə'æz conj.而569.whereby[hwεə'bai]ad.由此570.widespread['waid'spred]a.普遍的托福雅思570高频学术词汇词源解析V2.1王鑫（版权所有，欢迎转载）1.abandon v.放弃；抛弃【词源解析】a-否定前缀+band-绑+on后缀，不要绑起来，就是放弃，遗弃。