自然语言处理中英文术语对照
人工智能领域中英文专有名词汇总

名词解释中英文对比<using_information_sources> social networks 社会网络abductive reasoning 溯因推理action recognition(行为识别)active learning(主动学习)adaptive systems 自适应系统adverse drugs reactions(药物不良反应)algorithm design and analysis(算法设计与分析) algorithm(算法)artificial intelligence 人工智能association rule(关联规则)attribute value taxonomy 属性分类规范automomous agent 自动代理automomous systems 自动系统background knowledge 背景知识bayes methods(贝叶斯方法)bayesian inference(贝叶斯推断)bayesian methods(bayes 方法)belief propagation(置信传播)better understanding 内涵理解big data 大数据big data(大数据)biological network(生物网络)biological sciences(生物科学)biomedical domain 生物医学领域biomedical research(生物医学研究)biomedical text(生物医学文本)boltzmann machine(玻尔兹曼机)bootstrapping method 拔靴法case based reasoning 实例推理causual models 因果模型citation matching (引文匹配)classification (分类)classification algorithms(分类算法)clistering algorithms 聚类算法cloud computing(云计算)cluster-based retrieval (聚类检索)clustering (聚类)clustering algorithms(聚类算法)clustering 聚类cognitive science 认知科学collaborative filtering (协同过滤)collaborative filtering(协同过滤)collabrative ontology development 联合本体开发collabrative ontology engineering 联合本体工程commonsense knowledge 常识communication networks(通讯网络)community detection(社区发现)complex data(复杂数据)complex dynamical networks(复杂动态网络)complex network(复杂网络)complex network(复杂网络)computational biology 计算生物学computational biology(计算生物学)computational complexity(计算复杂性) computational intelligence 智能计算computational modeling(计算模型)computer animation(计算机动画)computer networks(计算机网络)computer science 计算机科学concept clustering 概念聚类concept formation 概念形成concept learning 概念学习concept map 概念图concept model 概念模型concept modelling 概念模型conceptual model 概念模型conditional random field(条件随机场模型) conjunctive quries 合取查询constrained least squares (约束最小二乘) convex programming(凸规划)convolutional neural networks(卷积神经网络) customer relationship management(客户关系管理) data analysis(数据分析)data analysis(数据分析)data center(数据中心)data clustering (数据聚类)data compression(数据压缩)data envelopment analysis (数据包络分析)data fusion 数据融合data generation(数据生成)data handling(数据处理)data hierarchy (数据层次)data integration(数据整合)data integrity 数据完整性data intensive computing(数据密集型计算)data management 数据管理data management(数据管理)data management(数据管理)data miningdata mining 数据挖掘data model 数据模型data models(数据模型)data partitioning 数据划分data point(数据点)data privacy(数据隐私)data security(数据安全)data stream(数据流)data streams(数据流)data structure( 数据结构)data structure(数据结构)data visualisation(数据可视化)data visualization 数据可视化data visualization(数据可视化)data warehouse(数据仓库)data warehouses(数据仓库)data warehousing(数据仓库)database management systems(数据库管理系统)database management(数据库管理)date interlinking 日期互联date linking 日期链接Decision analysis(决策分析)decision maker 决策者decision making (决策)decision models 决策模型decision models 决策模型decision rule 决策规则decision support system 决策支持系统decision support systems (决策支持系统) decision tree(决策树)decission tree 决策树deep belief network(深度信念网络)deep learning(深度学习)defult reasoning 默认推理density estimation(密度估计)design methodology 设计方法论dimension reduction(降维) dimensionality reduction(降维)directed graph(有向图)disaster management 灾害管理disastrous event(灾难性事件)discovery(知识发现)dissimilarity (相异性)distributed databases 分布式数据库distributed databases(分布式数据库) distributed query 分布式查询document clustering (文档聚类)domain experts 领域专家domain knowledge 领域知识domain specific language 领域专用语言dynamic databases(动态数据库)dynamic logic 动态逻辑dynamic network(动态网络)dynamic system(动态系统)earth mover's distance(EMD 距离) education 教育efficient algorithm(有效算法)electric commerce 电子商务electronic health records(电子健康档案) entity disambiguation 实体消歧entity recognition 实体识别entity recognition(实体识别)entity resolution 实体解析event detection 事件检测event detection(事件检测)event extraction 事件抽取event identificaton 事件识别exhaustive indexing 完整索引expert system 专家系统expert systems(专家系统)explanation based learning 解释学习factor graph(因子图)feature extraction 特征提取feature extraction(特征提取)feature extraction(特征提取)feature selection (特征选择)feature selection 特征选择feature selection(特征选择)feature space 特征空间first order logic 一阶逻辑formal logic 形式逻辑formal meaning prepresentation 形式意义表示formal semantics 形式语义formal specification 形式描述frame based system 框为本的系统frequent itemsets(频繁项目集)frequent pattern(频繁模式)fuzzy clustering (模糊聚类)fuzzy clustering (模糊聚类)fuzzy clustering (模糊聚类)fuzzy data mining(模糊数据挖掘)fuzzy logic 模糊逻辑fuzzy set theory(模糊集合论)fuzzy set(模糊集)fuzzy sets 模糊集合fuzzy systems 模糊系统gaussian processes(高斯过程)gene expression data 基因表达数据gene expression(基因表达)generative model(生成模型)generative model(生成模型)genetic algorithm 遗传算法genome wide association study(全基因组关联分析) graph classification(图分类)graph classification(图分类)graph clustering(图聚类)graph data(图数据)graph data(图形数据)graph database 图数据库graph database(图数据库)graph mining(图挖掘)graph mining(图挖掘)graph partitioning 图划分graph query 图查询graph structure(图结构)graph theory(图论)graph theory(图论)graph theory(图论)graph theroy 图论graph visualization(图形可视化)graphical user interface 图形用户界面graphical user interfaces(图形用户界面)health care 卫生保健health care(卫生保健)heterogeneous data source 异构数据源heterogeneous data(异构数据)heterogeneous database 异构数据库heterogeneous information network(异构信息网络) heterogeneous network(异构网络)heterogenous ontology 异构本体heuristic rule 启发式规则hidden markov model(隐马尔可夫模型)hidden markov model(隐马尔可夫模型)hidden markov models(隐马尔可夫模型) hierarchical clustering (层次聚类) homogeneous network(同构网络)human centered computing 人机交互技术human computer interaction 人机交互human interaction 人机交互human robot interaction 人机交互image classification(图像分类)image clustering (图像聚类)image mining( 图像挖掘)image reconstruction(图像重建)image retrieval (图像检索)image segmentation(图像分割)inconsistent ontology 本体不一致incremental learning(增量学习)inductive learning (归纳学习)inference mechanisms 推理机制inference mechanisms(推理机制)inference rule 推理规则information cascades(信息追随)information diffusion(信息扩散)information extraction 信息提取information filtering(信息过滤)information filtering(信息过滤)information integration(信息集成)information network analysis(信息网络分析) information network mining(信息网络挖掘) information network(信息网络)information processing 信息处理information processing 信息处理information resource management (信息资源管理) information retrieval models(信息检索模型) information retrieval 信息检索information retrieval(信息检索)information retrieval(信息检索)information science 情报科学information sources 信息源information system( 信息系统)information system(信息系统)information technology(信息技术)information visualization(信息可视化)instance matching 实例匹配intelligent assistant 智能辅助intelligent systems 智能系统interaction network(交互网络)interactive visualization(交互式可视化)kernel function(核函数)kernel operator (核算子)keyword search(关键字检索)knowledege reuse 知识再利用knowledgeknowledgeknowledge acquisitionknowledge base 知识库knowledge based system 知识系统knowledge building 知识建构knowledge capture 知识获取knowledge construction 知识建构knowledge discovery(知识发现)knowledge extraction 知识提取knowledge fusion 知识融合knowledge integrationknowledge management systems 知识管理系统knowledge management 知识管理knowledge management(知识管理)knowledge model 知识模型knowledge reasoningknowledge representationknowledge representation(知识表达) knowledge sharing 知识共享knowledge storageknowledge technology 知识技术knowledge verification 知识验证language model(语言模型)language modeling approach(语言模型方法) large graph(大图)large graph(大图)learning(无监督学习)life science 生命科学linear programming(线性规划)link analysis (链接分析)link prediction(链接预测)link prediction(链接预测)link prediction(链接预测)linked data(关联数据)location based service(基于位置的服务) loclation based services(基于位置的服务) logic programming 逻辑编程logical implication 逻辑蕴涵logistic regression(logistic 回归)machine learning 机器学习machine translation(机器翻译)management system(管理系统)management( 知识管理)manifold learning(流形学习)markov chains 马尔可夫链markov processes(马尔可夫过程)matching function 匹配函数matrix decomposition(矩阵分解)matrix decomposition(矩阵分解)maximum likelihood estimation(最大似然估计)medical research(医学研究)mixture of gaussians(混合高斯模型)mobile computing(移动计算)multi agnet systems 多智能体系统multiagent systems 多智能体系统multimedia 多媒体natural language processing 自然语言处理natural language processing(自然语言处理) nearest neighbor (近邻)network analysis( 网络分析)network analysis(网络分析)network analysis(网络分析)network formation(组网)network structure(网络结构)network theory(网络理论)network topology(网络拓扑)network visualization(网络可视化)neural network(神经网络)neural networks (神经网络)neural networks(神经网络)nonlinear dynamics(非线性动力学)nonmonotonic reasoning 非单调推理nonnegative matrix factorization (非负矩阵分解) nonnegative matrix factorization(非负矩阵分解) object detection(目标检测)object oriented 面向对象object recognition(目标识别)object recognition(目标识别)online community(网络社区)online social network(在线社交网络)online social networks(在线社交网络)ontology alignment 本体映射ontology development 本体开发ontology engineering 本体工程ontology evolution 本体演化ontology extraction 本体抽取ontology interoperablity 互用性本体ontology language 本体语言ontology mapping 本体映射ontology matching 本体匹配ontology versioning 本体版本ontology 本体论open government data 政府公开数据opinion analysis(舆情分析)opinion mining(意见挖掘)opinion mining(意见挖掘)outlier detection(孤立点检测)parallel processing(并行处理)patient care(病人医疗护理)pattern classification(模式分类)pattern matching(模式匹配)pattern mining(模式挖掘)pattern recognition 模式识别pattern recognition(模式识别)pattern recognition(模式识别)personal data(个人数据)prediction algorithms(预测算法)predictive model 预测模型predictive models(预测模型)privacy preservation(隐私保护)probabilistic logic(概率逻辑)probabilistic logic(概率逻辑)probabilistic model(概率模型)probabilistic model(概率模型)probability distribution(概率分布)probability distribution(概率分布)project management(项目管理)pruning technique(修剪技术)quality management 质量管理query expansion(查询扩展)query language 查询语言query language(查询语言)query processing(查询处理)query rewrite 查询重写question answering system 问答系统random forest(随机森林)random graph(随机图)random processes(随机过程)random walk(随机游走)range query(范围查询)RDF database 资源描述框架数据库RDF query 资源描述框架查询RDF repository 资源描述框架存储库RDF storge 资源描述框架存储real time(实时)recommender system(推荐系统)recommender system(推荐系统)recommender systems 推荐系统recommender systems(推荐系统)record linkage 记录链接recurrent neural network(递归神经网络) regression(回归)reinforcement learning 强化学习reinforcement learning(强化学习)relation extraction 关系抽取relational database 关系数据库relational learning 关系学习relevance feedback (相关反馈)resource description framework 资源描述框架restricted boltzmann machines(受限玻尔兹曼机) retrieval models(检索模型)rough set theroy 粗糙集理论rough set 粗糙集rule based system 基于规则系统rule based 基于规则rule induction (规则归纳)rule learning (规则学习)rule learning 规则学习schema mapping 模式映射schema matching 模式匹配scientific domain 科学域search problems(搜索问题)semantic (web) technology 语义技术semantic analysis 语义分析semantic annotation 语义标注semantic computing 语义计算semantic integration 语义集成semantic interpretation 语义解释semantic model 语义模型semantic network 语义网络semantic relatedness 语义相关性semantic relation learning 语义关系学习semantic search 语义检索semantic similarity 语义相似度semantic similarity(语义相似度)semantic web rule language 语义网规则语言semantic web 语义网semantic web(语义网)semantic workflow 语义工作流semi supervised learning(半监督学习)sensor data(传感器数据)sensor networks(传感器网络)sentiment analysis(情感分析)sentiment analysis(情感分析)sequential pattern(序列模式)service oriented architecture 面向服务的体系结构shortest path(最短路径)similar kernel function(相似核函数)similarity measure(相似性度量)similarity relationship (相似关系)similarity search(相似搜索)similarity(相似性)situation aware 情境感知social behavior(社交行为)social influence(社会影响)social interaction(社交互动)social interaction(社交互动)social learning(社会学习)social life networks(社交生活网络)social machine 社交机器social media(社交媒体)social media(社交媒体)social media(社交媒体)social network analysis 社会网络分析social network analysis(社交网络分析)social network(社交网络)social network(社交网络)social science(社会科学)social tagging system(社交标签系统)social tagging(社交标签)social web(社交网页)sparse coding(稀疏编码)sparse matrices(稀疏矩阵)sparse representation(稀疏表示)spatial database(空间数据库)spatial reasoning 空间推理statistical analysis(统计分析)statistical model 统计模型string matching(串匹配)structural risk minimization (结构风险最小化) structured data 结构化数据subgraph matching 子图匹配subspace clustering(子空间聚类)supervised learning( 有support vector machine 支持向量机support vector machines(支持向量机)system dynamics(系统动力学)tag recommendation(标签推荐)taxonmy induction 感应规范temporal logic 时态逻辑temporal reasoning 时序推理text analysis(文本分析)text anaylsis 文本分析text classification (文本分类)text data(文本数据)text mining technique(文本挖掘技术)text mining 文本挖掘text mining(文本挖掘)text summarization(文本摘要)thesaurus alignment 同义对齐time frequency analysis(时频分析)time series analysis( 时time series data(时间序列数据)time series data(时间序列数据)time series(时间序列)topic model(主题模型)topic modeling(主题模型)transfer learning 迁移学习triple store 三元组存储uncertainty reasoning 不精确推理undirected graph(无向图)unified modeling language 统一建模语言unsupervisedupper bound(上界)user behavior(用户行为)user generated content(用户生成内容)utility mining(效用挖掘)visual analytics(可视化分析)visual content(视觉内容)visual representation(视觉表征)visualisation(可视化)visualization technique(可视化技术) visualization tool(可视化工具)web 2.0(网络2.0)web forum(web 论坛)web mining(网络挖掘)web of data 数据网web ontology lanuage 网络本体语言web pages(web 页面)web resource 网络资源web science 万维科学web search (网络检索)web usage mining(web 使用挖掘)wireless networks 无线网络world knowledge 世界知识world wide web 万维网world wide web(万维网)xml database 可扩展标志语言数据库附录 2 Data Mining 知识图谱(共包含二级节点15 个,三级节点93 个)间序列分析)监督学习)领域 二级分类 三级分类。
自然语言处理专业术语

自然语言处理专业术语自然语言处理(Natural Language Processing,简称NLP)是一门研究如何使计算机能够理解和处理人类语言的学科。
在NLP领域中,有许多专业术语被广泛应用于各种技术和方法中。
本文将介绍一些常见的NLP专业术语,并对其进行解释和说明。
1. 语言模型(Language Model):语言模型是NLP中的基础模型,用于对语言中的词序列进行概率建模。
它可以用来预测下一个词或句子的概率,以及评估一个句子的合理性。
2. 分词(Tokenization):分词是将一段连续的文本切分成一个个离散的词或标记的过程。
分词是NLP中的重要预处理步骤,对于后续的词法分析和句法分析工作具有重要影响。
3. 词性标注(Part-of-Speech Tagging):词性标注是将句子中的每个词标注为其对应的词性的任务。
词性标注可以帮助理解句子的语法结构,对于词义消歧和句法分析等任务具有重要作用。
4. 句法分析(Syntactic Parsing):句法分析是分析句子结构和语法关系的过程。
它可以通过树结构或图结构表示句子的语法结构,帮助理解句子的含义和推断句子的语义。
5. 语义角色标注(Semantic Role Labeling):语义角色标注是将句子中的每个词标注为其在句子中扮演的语义角色的任务。
语义角色标注可以帮助理解句子的语义结构和句子中各个成分之间的关系。
6. 命名实体识别(Named Entity Recognition):命名实体识别是识别文本中具有特定意义的实体的任务,如人名、地名、组织名等。
命名实体识别对于信息抽取和问答系统等应用具有重要作用。
7. 机器翻译(Machine Translation):机器翻译是将一种语言的文本自动翻译成另一种语言的任务。
机器翻译可以通过统计方法、基于规则的方法或神经网络等方法实现。
8. 情感分析(Sentiment Analysis):情感分析是对文本情感进行分类和分析的任务。
100个信息工程专业术语中英文

100个信息工程专业术语中英文全文共3篇示例,供读者参考篇1Information engineering is a vast field that covers a wide range of knowledge and skills. In this article, we will introduce 100 important terms and concepts in information engineering, both in English and Chinese.1. Artificial Intelligence (AI) - 人工智能2. Machine Learning - 机器学习3. Deep Learning - 深度学习4. Natural Language Processing (NLP) - 自然语言处理5. Computer Vision - 计算机视觉6. Data Mining - 数据挖掘7. Big Data - 大数据8. Internet of Things (IoT) - 物联网9. Cloud Computing - 云计算10. Virtual Reality (VR) - 虚拟现实11. Augmented Reality (AR) - 增强现实12. Cybersecurity - 网络安全13. Cryptography - 密码学14. Blockchain - 区块链15. Information System - 信息系统16. Database Management System (DBMS) - 数据库管理系统17. Relational Database - 关系数据库18. NoSQL - 非关系型数据库19. SQL (Structured Query Language) - 结构化查询语言20. Data Warehouse - 数据仓库21. Data Mart - 数据集市22. Data Lake - 数据湖23. Data Modeling - 数据建模24. Data Cleansing - 数据清洗25. Data Visualization - 数据可视化26. Hadoop - 分布式存储和计算框架27. Spark - 大数据处理框架28. Kafka - 流数据处理平台29. Elasticsearch - 开源搜索引擎30. Cyber-Physical System (CPS) - 嵌入式系统31. System Integration - 系统集成32. Network Architecture - 网络架构33. Network Protocol - 网络协议34. TCP/IP - 传输控制协议/互联网协议35. OSI Model - 开放系统互连参考模型36. Router - 路由器37. Switch - 交换机38. Firewall - 防火墙39. Load Balancer - 负载均衡器40. VPN (Virtual Private Network) - 虚拟专用网络41. SDN (Software-Defined Networking) - 软件定义网络42. CDN (Content Delivery Network) - 内容分发网络43. VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) - 互联网语音44. Unified Communications - 统一通信45. Mobile Computing - 移动计算46. Mobile Application Development - 移动应用开发47. Responsive Web Design - 响应式网页设计48. UX/UI Design - 用户体验/用户界面设计49. Agile Development - 敏捷开发50. DevOps - 开发与运维51. Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) - 持续集成/持续部署52. Software Testing - 软件测试53. Bug Tracking - 缺陷跟踪54. Version Control - 版本控制55. Git - 分布式版本控制系统56. Agile Project Management - 敏捷项目管理57. Scrum - 敏捷开发框架58. Kanban - 看板管理法59. Waterfall Model - 瀑布模型60. Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) - 软件开发生命周期61. Requirements Engineering - 需求工程62. Software Architecture - 软件架构63. Software Design Patterns - 软件设计模式64. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) - 面向对象编程65. Functional Programming - 函数式编程66. Procedural Programming - 过程式编程67. Dynamic Programming - 动态规划68. Static Analysis - 静态分析69. Code Refactoring - 代码重构70. Code Review - 代码审查71. Code Optimization - 代码优化72. Software Development Tools - 软件开发工具73. Integrated Development Environment (IDE) - 集成开发环境74. Version Control System - 版本控制系统75. Bug Tracking System - 缺陷跟踪系统76. Code Repository - 代码仓库77. Build Automation - 构建自动化78. Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) - 持续集成/持续部署79. Code Coverage - 代码覆盖率80. Code Review - 代码审查81. Software Development Methodologies - 软件开发方法论82. Waterfall Model - 瀑布模型83. Agile Development - 敏捷开发84. Scrum - 看板管理法85. Kanban - 看板管理法86. Lean Development - 精益开发87. Extreme Programming (XP) - 极限编程88. Test-Driven Development (TDD) - 测试驱动开发89. Behavior-Driven Development (BDD) - 行为驱动开发90. Model-Driven Development (MDD) - 模型驱动开发91. Design Patterns - 设计模式92. Creational Patterns - 创建型模式93. Structural Patterns - 结构型模式94. Behavioral Patterns - 行为型模式95. Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC) - 软件开发生命周期96. Requirement Analysis - 需求分析97. System Design - 系统设计98. Implementation - 实施99. Testing - 测试100. Deployment - 部署These terms are just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to information engineering. As technology continues to advance, new terms and concepts will emerge, shaping the future of this dynamic field. Whether you are a student, a professional, or just someone interested in technology, familiarizing yourself with these terms will help you navigate the complex world of information engineering.篇2100 Information Engineering Professional Terms in English1. Algorithm - a set of instructions for solving a problem or performing a task2. Computer Science - the study of computers and their applications3. Data Structures - the way data is organized in a computer system4. Networking - the practice of linking computers together to share resources5. Cybersecurity - measures taken to protect computer systems from unauthorized access or damage6. Software Engineering - the application of engineering principles to software development7. Artificial Intelligence - the simulation of human intelligence by machines8. Machine Learning - a type of artificial intelligence that enables machines to learn from data9. Big Data - large and complex sets of data that require specialized tools to process10. Internet of Things (IoT) - the network of physical devices connected through the internet11. Cloud Computing - the delivery of computing services over the internet12. Virtual Reality - a computer-generated simulation of a real or imagined environment13. Augmented Reality - the integration of digital information with the user's environment14. Data Mining - the process of discovering patterns in large data sets15. Quantum Computing - the use of quantum-mechanical phenomena to perform computation16. Cryptography - the practice of securing communication by encoding it17. Data Analytics - the process of analyzing data to extract meaningful insights18. Information Retrieval - the process of finding relevant information in a large dataset19. Web Development - the process of creating websites and web applications20. Mobile Development - the process of creating mobile applications21. User Experience (UX) - the overall experience of a user interacting with a product22. User Interface (UI) - the visual and interactive aspects of a product that a user interacts with23. Software Architecture - the design and organization of software components24. Systems Analysis - the process of studying a system's requirements to improve its efficiency25. Computer Graphics - the creation of visual content using computer software26. Embedded Systems - systems designed to perform a specific function within a larger system27. Information Security - measures taken to protect information from unauthorized access28. Database Management - the process of organizing and storing data in a database29. Cloud Security - measures taken to protect data stored in cloud computing environments30. Agile Development - a software development methodology that emphasizes collaboration and adaptability31. DevOps - a set of practices that combine software development and IT operations to improve efficiency32. Continuous Integration - the practice of integrating code changes into a shared repository frequently33. Machine Vision - the use of cameras and computers to process visual information34. Predictive Analytics - the use of data and statistical algorithms to predict future outcomes35. Information Systems - the study of how information is used in organizations36. Data Visualization - the representation of data in visual formats to make it easier to understand37. Edge Computing - the practice of processing data closer to its source rather than in a centralized data center38. Natural Language Processing - the ability of computers to understand and generate human language39. Cyber Physical Systems - systems that integrate physical and computational elements40. Computer Vision - the ability of computers to interpret and understand visual information41. Information Architecture - the structural design of information systems42. Information Technology - the use of computer systems to manage and process information43. Computational Thinking - a problem-solving approach that uses computer science concepts44. Embedded Software - software that controls hardware devices in an embedded system45. Data Engineering - the process of collecting, processing, and analyzing data46. Software Development Life Cycle - the process of developing software from conception to deployment47. Internet Security - measures taken to protectinternet-connected systems from cyber threats48. Application Development - the process of creating software applications for specific platforms49. Network Security - measures taken to protect computer networks from unauthorized access50. Artificial Neural Networks - computational models inspired by the biological brain's neural networks51. Systems Engineering - the discipline that focuses on designing and managing complex systems52. Information Management - the process of collecting, storing, and managing information within an organization53. Sensor Networks - networks of sensors that collect and transmit data for monitoring and control purposes54. Data Leakage - the unauthorized transmission of data to an external source55. Software Testing - the process of evaluating software to ensure it meets requirements and functions correctly56. Internet Protocol (IP) - a set of rules for sending data over a network57. Machine Translation - the automated translation of text from one language to another58. Cryptocurrency - a digital or virtual form of currency that uses cryptography for security59. Software Deployment - the process of making software available for use by end-users60. Computer Forensics - the process of analyzing digital evidence for legal or investigative purposes61. Virtual Private Network (VPN) - a secure connection that allows users to access a private network over a public network62. Internet Service Provider (ISP) - a company that provides access to the internet63. Data Center - a facility that houses computing and networking equipment for processing and storing data64. Network Protocol - a set of rules for communication between devices on a network65. Project Management - the practice of planning, organizing, and overseeing a project to achieve its goals66. Data Privacy - measures taken to protect personal data from unauthorized access or disclosure67. Software License - a legal agreement that governs the use of software68. Information Ethics - the study of ethical issues related to the use of information technology69. Search Engine Optimization (SEO) - the process of optimizing websites to rank higher in search engine results70. Internet of Everything (IoE) - the concept of connecting all physical and digital objects to the internet71. Software as a Service (SaaS) - a software delivery model in which applications are hosted by a provider and accessed over the internet72. Data Warehousing - the process of collecting and storing data from various sources for analysis and reporting73. Cloud Storage - the practice of storing data online in remote servers74. Mobile Security - measures taken to protect mobile devices from security threats75. Web Hosting - the service of providing storage space and access for websites on the internet76. Malware - software designed to harm a computer system or its users77. Information Governance - the process of managing information to meet legal, regulatory, and business requirements78. Enterprise Architecture - the practice of aligning an organization's IT infrastructure with its business goals79. Data Backup - the process of making copies of data to protect against loss or corruption80. Data Encryption - the process of converting data into a code to prevent unauthorized access81. Social Engineering - the manipulation of individuals to disclose confidential information82. Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) - the network of medical devices connected through the internet83. Content Management System (CMS) - software used to create and manage digital content84. Blockchain - a decentralized digital ledger used to record transactions85. Open Source - software that is publicly accessible for modification and distribution86. Network Monitoring - the process of monitoring and managing network performance and security87. Data Governance - the process of managing data to ensure its quality, availability, and security88. Software Patch - a piece of code used to fix a software vulnerability or add new features89. Zero-Day Exploit - a security vulnerability that is exploited before the vendor has a chance to patch it90. Data Migration - the process of moving data from one system to another91. Business Intelligence - the use of data analysis tools to gain insights into business operations92. Secure Socket Layer (SSL) - a protocol that encrypts data transmitted over the internet93. Mobile Device Management (MDM) - the practice of managing and securing mobile devices in an organization94. Dark Web - the part of the internet that is not indexed by search engines and often used for illegal activities95. Knowledge Management - the process of capturing, organizing, and sharing knowledge within an organization96. Data Cleansing - the process of detecting and correcting errors in a dataset97. Software Documentation - written information that describes how software works98. Open Data - data that is freely available for anyone to use and redistribute99. Predictive Maintenance - the use of data analytics to predict when equipment will need maintenance100. Software Licensing - the legal terms and conditions that govern the use and distribution of softwareThis list of 100 Information Engineering Professional Terms in English provides a comprehensive overview of key concepts and technologies in the field of information technology. These terms cover a wide range of topics, including computer science, data analysis, network security, and software development. By familiarizing yourself with these terms, you can better understand and communicate about the complex and rapidly evolving world of information engineering.篇3100 Information Engineering Professional Terms1. Algorithm - 算法2. Artificial Intelligence - 人工智能3. Big Data - 大数据4. Cloud Computing - 云计算5. Cryptography - 密码学6. Data Mining - 数据挖掘7. Database - 数据库8. Deep Learning - 深度学习9. Digital Signal Processing - 数字信号处理10. Internet of Things - 物联网11. Machine Learning - 机器学习12. Network Security - 网络安全13. Object-Oriented Programming - 面向对象编程14. Operating System - 操作系统15. Programming Language - 编程语言16. Software Engineering - 软件工程17. Web Development - 网页开发18. Agile Development - 敏捷开发19. Cybersecurity - 网络安全20. Data Analytics - 数据分析21. Network Protocol - 网络协议22. Artificial Neural Network - 人工神经网络23. Cloud Security - 云安全24. Data Visualization - 数据可视化25. Distributed Computing - 分布式计算26. Information Retrieval - 信息检索27. IoT Security - 物联网安全28. Machine Translation - 机器翻译29. Mobile App Development - 移动应用开发30. Software Architecture - 软件架构31. Data Warehousing - 数据仓库32. Network Architecture - 网络架构33. Robotics - 机器人技术34. Virtual Reality - 虚拟现实35. Web Application - 网页应用36. Biometrics - 生物识别技术37. Computer Graphics - 计算机图形学38. Cyber Attack - 网络攻击39. Data Compression - 数据压缩40. Network Management - 网络管理41. Operating System Security - 操作系统安全42. Real-Time Systems - 实时系统43. Social Media Analytics - 社交媒体分析44. Blockchain Technology - 区块链技术45. Computer Vision - 计算机视觉46. Data Integration - 数据集成47. Game Development - 游戏开发48. IoT Devices - 物联网设备49. Multimedia Systems - 多媒体系统50. Software Quality Assurance - 软件质量保证51. Data Science - 数据科学52. Information Security - 信息安全53. Machine Vision - 机器视觉54. Natural Language Processing - 自然语言处理55. Software Testing - 软件测试56. Chatbot - 聊天机器人57. Computer Networks - 计算机网络58. Cyber Defense - 网络防御60. Image Processing - 图像处理61. IoT Sensors - 物联网传感器62. Neural Network - 神经网络63. Network Traffic Analysis - 网络流量分析64. Software Development Life Cycle - 软件开发周期65. Data Governance - 数据治理66. Information Technology - 信息技术67. Malware Analysis - 恶意软件分析68. Online Privacy - 在线隐私69. Speech Recognition - 语音识别70. Cyber Forensics - 网络取证71. Data Anonymization - 数据匿名化72. IoT Platform - 物联网平台73. Network Infrastructure - 网络基础设施74. Predictive Analytics - 预测分析75. Software Development Tools - 软件开发工具77. Information Security Management - 信息安全管理78. Network Monitoring - 网络监控79. Software Deployment - 软件部署80. Data Encryption - 数据加密81. IoT Gateway - 物联网网关82. Network Topology - 网络拓扑结构83. Quantum Computing - 量子计算84. Software Configuration Management - 软件配置管理85. Data Lakes - 数据湖86. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) - 基础设施即服务87. Network Virtualization - 网络虚拟化88. Robotic Process Automation - 机器人流程自动化89. Software as a Service (SaaS) - 软件即服务90. Data Governance - 数据治理91. Information Security Policy - 信息安全政策92. Network Security Risk Assessment - 网络安全风险评估93. Secure Software Development - 安全软件开发94. Internet Security - 互联网安全95. Secure Coding Practices - 安全编码实践96. Secure Network Design - 安全网络设计97. Software Security Testing - 软件安全测试98. IoT Security Standards - 物联网安全标准99. Network Security Monitoring - 网络安全监控100. Vulnerability Management - 漏洞管理These terms cover a wide range of topics within the field of Information Engineering, and are essential in understanding and discussing the various aspects of this discipline. It is important for professionals in this field to be familiar with these terms in order to effectively communicate and collaborate with others in the industry.。
机器学习与人工智能领域中常用的英语词汇

机器学习与人工智能领域中常用的英语词汇1.General Concepts (基础概念)•Artificial Intelligence (AI) - 人工智能1)Artificial Intelligence (AI) - 人工智能2)Machine Learning (ML) - 机器学习3)Deep Learning (DL) - 深度学习4)Neural Network - 神经网络5)Natural Language Processing (NLP) - 自然语言处理6)Computer Vision - 计算机视觉7)Robotics - 机器人技术8)Speech Recognition - 语音识别9)Expert Systems - 专家系统10)Knowledge Representation - 知识表示11)Pattern Recognition - 模式识别12)Cognitive Computing - 认知计算13)Autonomous Systems - 自主系统14)Human-Machine Interaction - 人机交互15)Intelligent Agents - 智能代理16)Machine Translation - 机器翻译17)Swarm Intelligence - 群体智能18)Genetic Algorithms - 遗传算法19)Fuzzy Logic - 模糊逻辑20)Reinforcement Learning - 强化学习•Machine Learning (ML) - 机器学习1)Machine Learning (ML) - 机器学习2)Artificial Neural Network - 人工神经网络3)Deep Learning - 深度学习4)Supervised Learning - 有监督学习5)Unsupervised Learning - 无监督学习6)Reinforcement Learning - 强化学习7)Semi-Supervised Learning - 半监督学习8)Training Data - 训练数据9)Test Data - 测试数据10)Validation Data - 验证数据11)Feature - 特征12)Label - 标签13)Model - 模型14)Algorithm - 算法15)Regression - 回归16)Classification - 分类17)Clustering - 聚类18)Dimensionality Reduction - 降维19)Overfitting - 过拟合20)Underfitting - 欠拟合•Deep Learning (DL) - 深度学习1)Deep Learning - 深度学习2)Neural Network - 神经网络3)Artificial Neural Network (ANN) - 人工神经网络4)Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) - 卷积神经网络5)Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) - 循环神经网络6)Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) - 长短期记忆网络7)Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) - 门控循环单元8)Autoencoder - 自编码器9)Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) - 生成对抗网络10)Transfer Learning - 迁移学习11)Pre-trained Model - 预训练模型12)Fine-tuning - 微调13)Feature Extraction - 特征提取14)Activation Function - 激活函数15)Loss Function - 损失函数16)Gradient Descent - 梯度下降17)Backpropagation - 反向传播18)Epoch - 训练周期19)Batch Size - 批量大小20)Dropout - 丢弃法•Neural Network - 神经网络1)Neural Network - 神经网络2)Artificial Neural Network (ANN) - 人工神经网络3)Deep Neural Network (DNN) - 深度神经网络4)Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) - 卷积神经网络5)Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) - 循环神经网络6)Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) - 长短期记忆网络7)Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) - 门控循环单元8)Feedforward Neural Network - 前馈神经网络9)Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP) - 多层感知器10)Radial Basis Function Network (RBFN) - 径向基函数网络11)Hopfield Network - 霍普菲尔德网络12)Boltzmann Machine - 玻尔兹曼机13)Autoencoder - 自编码器14)Spiking Neural Network (SNN) - 脉冲神经网络15)Self-organizing Map (SOM) - 自组织映射16)Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM) - 受限玻尔兹曼机17)Hebbian Learning - 海比安学习18)Competitive Learning - 竞争学习19)Neuroevolutionary - 神经进化20)Neuron - 神经元•Algorithm - 算法1)Algorithm - 算法2)Supervised Learning Algorithm - 有监督学习算法3)Unsupervised Learning Algorithm - 无监督学习算法4)Reinforcement Learning Algorithm - 强化学习算法5)Classification Algorithm - 分类算法6)Regression Algorithm - 回归算法7)Clustering Algorithm - 聚类算法8)Dimensionality Reduction Algorithm - 降维算法9)Decision Tree Algorithm - 决策树算法10)Random Forest Algorithm - 随机森林算法11)Support Vector Machine (SVM) Algorithm - 支持向量机算法12)K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) Algorithm - K近邻算法13)Naive Bayes Algorithm - 朴素贝叶斯算法14)Gradient Descent Algorithm - 梯度下降算法15)Genetic Algorithm - 遗传算法16)Neural Network Algorithm - 神经网络算法17)Deep Learning Algorithm - 深度学习算法18)Ensemble Learning Algorithm - 集成学习算法19)Reinforcement Learning Algorithm - 强化学习算法20)Metaheuristic Algorithm - 元启发式算法•Model - 模型1)Model - 模型2)Machine Learning Model - 机器学习模型3)Artificial Intelligence Model - 人工智能模型4)Predictive Model - 预测模型5)Classification Model - 分类模型6)Regression Model - 回归模型7)Generative Model - 生成模型8)Discriminative Model - 判别模型9)Probabilistic Model - 概率模型10)Statistical Model - 统计模型11)Neural Network Model - 神经网络模型12)Deep Learning Model - 深度学习模型13)Ensemble Model - 集成模型14)Reinforcement Learning Model - 强化学习模型15)Support Vector Machine (SVM) Model - 支持向量机模型16)Decision Tree Model - 决策树模型17)Random Forest Model - 随机森林模型18)Naive Bayes Model - 朴素贝叶斯模型19)Autoencoder Model - 自编码器模型20)Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Model - 卷积神经网络模型•Dataset - 数据集1)Dataset - 数据集2)Training Dataset - 训练数据集3)Test Dataset - 测试数据集4)Validation Dataset - 验证数据集5)Balanced Dataset - 平衡数据集6)Imbalanced Dataset - 不平衡数据集7)Synthetic Dataset - 合成数据集8)Benchmark Dataset - 基准数据集9)Open Dataset - 开放数据集10)Labeled Dataset - 标记数据集11)Unlabeled Dataset - 未标记数据集12)Semi-Supervised Dataset - 半监督数据集13)Multiclass Dataset - 多分类数据集14)Feature Set - 特征集15)Data Augmentation - 数据增强16)Data Preprocessing - 数据预处理17)Missing Data - 缺失数据18)Outlier Detection - 异常值检测19)Data Imputation - 数据插补20)Metadata - 元数据•Training - 训练1)Training - 训练2)Training Data - 训练数据3)Training Phase - 训练阶段4)Training Set - 训练集5)Training Examples - 训练样本6)Training Instance - 训练实例7)Training Algorithm - 训练算法8)Training Model - 训练模型9)Training Process - 训练过程10)Training Loss - 训练损失11)Training Epoch - 训练周期12)Training Batch - 训练批次13)Online Training - 在线训练14)Offline Training - 离线训练15)Continuous Training - 连续训练16)Transfer Learning - 迁移学习17)Fine-Tuning - 微调18)Curriculum Learning - 课程学习19)Self-Supervised Learning - 自监督学习20)Active Learning - 主动学习•Testing - 测试1)Testing - 测试2)Test Data - 测试数据3)Test Set - 测试集4)Test Examples - 测试样本5)Test Instance - 测试实例6)Test Phase - 测试阶段7)Test Accuracy - 测试准确率8)Test Loss - 测试损失9)Test Error - 测试错误10)Test Metrics - 测试指标11)Test Suite - 测试套件12)Test Case - 测试用例13)Test Coverage - 测试覆盖率14)Cross-Validation - 交叉验证15)Holdout Validation - 留出验证16)K-Fold Cross-Validation - K折交叉验证17)Stratified Cross-Validation - 分层交叉验证18)Test Driven Development (TDD) - 测试驱动开发19)A/B Testing - A/B 测试20)Model Evaluation - 模型评估•Validation - 验证1)Validation - 验证2)Validation Data - 验证数据3)Validation Set - 验证集4)Validation Examples - 验证样本5)Validation Instance - 验证实例6)Validation Phase - 验证阶段7)Validation Accuracy - 验证准确率8)Validation Loss - 验证损失9)Validation Error - 验证错误10)Validation Metrics - 验证指标11)Cross-Validation - 交叉验证12)Holdout Validation - 留出验证13)K-Fold Cross-Validation - K折交叉验证14)Stratified Cross-Validation - 分层交叉验证15)Leave-One-Out Cross-Validation - 留一法交叉验证16)Validation Curve - 验证曲线17)Hyperparameter Validation - 超参数验证18)Model Validation - 模型验证19)Early Stopping - 提前停止20)Validation Strategy - 验证策略•Supervised Learning - 有监督学习1)Supervised Learning - 有监督学习2)Label - 标签3)Feature - 特征4)Target - 目标5)Training Labels - 训练标签6)Training Features - 训练特征7)Training Targets - 训练目标8)Training Examples - 训练样本9)Training Instance - 训练实例10)Regression - 回归11)Classification - 分类12)Predictor - 预测器13)Regression Model - 回归模型14)Classifier - 分类器15)Decision Tree - 决策树16)Support Vector Machine (SVM) - 支持向量机17)Neural Network - 神经网络18)Feature Engineering - 特征工程19)Model Evaluation - 模型评估20)Overfitting - 过拟合21)Underfitting - 欠拟合22)Bias-Variance Tradeoff - 偏差-方差权衡•Unsupervised Learning - 无监督学习1)Unsupervised Learning - 无监督学习2)Clustering - 聚类3)Dimensionality Reduction - 降维4)Anomaly Detection - 异常检测5)Association Rule Learning - 关联规则学习6)Feature Extraction - 特征提取7)Feature Selection - 特征选择8)K-Means - K均值9)Hierarchical Clustering - 层次聚类10)Density-Based Clustering - 基于密度的聚类11)Principal Component Analysis (PCA) - 主成分分析12)Independent Component Analysis (ICA) - 独立成分分析13)T-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) - t分布随机邻居嵌入14)Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) - 高斯混合模型15)Self-Organizing Maps (SOM) - 自组织映射16)Autoencoder - 自动编码器17)Latent Variable - 潜变量18)Data Preprocessing - 数据预处理19)Outlier Detection - 异常值检测20)Clustering Algorithm - 聚类算法•Reinforcement Learning - 强化学习1)Reinforcement Learning - 强化学习2)Agent - 代理3)Environment - 环境4)State - 状态5)Action - 动作6)Reward - 奖励7)Policy - 策略8)Value Function - 值函数9)Q-Learning - Q学习10)Deep Q-Network (DQN) - 深度Q网络11)Policy Gradient - 策略梯度12)Actor-Critic - 演员-评论家13)Exploration - 探索14)Exploitation - 开发15)Temporal Difference (TD) - 时间差分16)Markov Decision Process (MDP) - 马尔可夫决策过程17)State-Action-Reward-State-Action (SARSA) - 状态-动作-奖励-状态-动作18)Policy Iteration - 策略迭代19)Value Iteration - 值迭代20)Monte Carlo Methods - 蒙特卡洛方法•Semi-Supervised Learning - 半监督学习1)Semi-Supervised Learning - 半监督学习2)Labeled Data - 有标签数据3)Unlabeled Data - 无标签数据4)Label Propagation - 标签传播5)Self-Training - 自训练6)Co-Training - 协同训练7)Transudative Learning - 传导学习8)Inductive Learning - 归纳学习9)Manifold Regularization - 流形正则化10)Graph-based Methods - 基于图的方法11)Cluster Assumption - 聚类假设12)Low-Density Separation - 低密度分离13)Semi-Supervised Support Vector Machines (S3VM) - 半监督支持向量机14)Expectation-Maximization (EM) - 期望最大化15)Co-EM - 协同期望最大化16)Entropy-Regularized EM - 熵正则化EM17)Mean Teacher - 平均教师18)Virtual Adversarial Training - 虚拟对抗训练19)Tri-training - 三重训练20)Mix Match - 混合匹配•Feature - 特征1)Feature - 特征2)Feature Engineering - 特征工程3)Feature Extraction - 特征提取4)Feature Selection - 特征选择5)Input Features - 输入特征6)Output Features - 输出特征7)Feature Vector - 特征向量8)Feature Space - 特征空间9)Feature Representation - 特征表示10)Feature Transformation - 特征转换11)Feature Importance - 特征重要性12)Feature Scaling - 特征缩放13)Feature Normalization - 特征归一化14)Feature Encoding - 特征编码15)Feature Fusion - 特征融合16)Feature Dimensionality Reduction - 特征维度减少17)Continuous Feature - 连续特征18)Categorical Feature - 分类特征19)Nominal Feature - 名义特征20)Ordinal Feature - 有序特征•Label - 标签1)Label - 标签2)Labeling - 标注3)Ground Truth - 地面真值4)Class Label - 类别标签5)Target Variable - 目标变量6)Labeling Scheme - 标注方案7)Multi-class Labeling - 多类别标注8)Binary Labeling - 二分类标注9)Label Noise - 标签噪声10)Labeling Error - 标注错误11)Label Propagation - 标签传播12)Unlabeled Data - 无标签数据13)Labeled Data - 有标签数据14)Semi-supervised Learning - 半监督学习15)Active Learning - 主动学习16)Weakly Supervised Learning - 弱监督学习17)Noisy Label Learning - 噪声标签学习18)Self-training - 自训练19)Crowdsourcing Labeling - 众包标注20)Label Smoothing - 标签平滑化•Prediction - 预测1)Prediction - 预测2)Forecasting - 预测3)Regression - 回归4)Classification - 分类5)Time Series Prediction - 时间序列预测6)Forecast Accuracy - 预测准确性7)Predictive Modeling - 预测建模8)Predictive Analytics - 预测分析9)Forecasting Method - 预测方法10)Predictive Performance - 预测性能11)Predictive Power - 预测能力12)Prediction Error - 预测误差13)Prediction Interval - 预测区间14)Prediction Model - 预测模型15)Predictive Uncertainty - 预测不确定性16)Forecast Horizon - 预测时间跨度17)Predictive Maintenance - 预测性维护18)Predictive Policing - 预测式警务19)Predictive Healthcare - 预测性医疗20)Predictive Maintenance - 预测性维护•Classification - 分类1)Classification - 分类2)Classifier - 分类器3)Class - 类别4)Classify - 对数据进行分类5)Class Label - 类别标签6)Binary Classification - 二元分类7)Multiclass Classification - 多类分类8)Class Probability - 类别概率9)Decision Boundary - 决策边界10)Decision Tree - 决策树11)Support Vector Machine (SVM) - 支持向量机12)K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) - K最近邻算法13)Naive Bayes - 朴素贝叶斯14)Logistic Regression - 逻辑回归15)Random Forest - 随机森林16)Neural Network - 神经网络17)SoftMax Function - SoftMax函数18)One-vs-All (One-vs-Rest) - 一对多(一对剩余)19)Ensemble Learning - 集成学习20)Confusion Matrix - 混淆矩阵•Regression - 回归1)Regression Analysis - 回归分析2)Linear Regression - 线性回归3)Multiple Regression - 多元回归4)Polynomial Regression - 多项式回归5)Logistic Regression - 逻辑回归6)Ridge Regression - 岭回归7)Lasso Regression - Lasso回归8)Elastic Net Regression - 弹性网络回归9)Regression Coefficients - 回归系数10)Residuals - 残差11)Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) - 普通最小二乘法12)Ridge Regression Coefficient - 岭回归系数13)Lasso Regression Coefficient - Lasso回归系数14)Elastic Net Regression Coefficient - 弹性网络回归系数15)Regression Line - 回归线16)Prediction Error - 预测误差17)Regression Model - 回归模型18)Nonlinear Regression - 非线性回归19)Generalized Linear Models (GLM) - 广义线性模型20)Coefficient of Determination (R-squared) - 决定系数21)F-test - F检验22)Homoscedasticity - 同方差性23)Heteroscedasticity - 异方差性24)Autocorrelation - 自相关25)Multicollinearity - 多重共线性26)Outliers - 异常值27)Cross-validation - 交叉验证28)Feature Selection - 特征选择29)Feature Engineering - 特征工程30)Regularization - 正则化2.Neural Networks and Deep Learning (神经网络与深度学习)•Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) - 卷积神经网络1)Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) - 卷积神经网络2)Convolution Layer - 卷积层3)Feature Map - 特征图4)Convolution Operation - 卷积操作5)Stride - 步幅6)Padding - 填充7)Pooling Layer - 池化层8)Max Pooling - 最大池化9)Average Pooling - 平均池化10)Fully Connected Layer - 全连接层11)Activation Function - 激活函数12)Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) - 线性修正单元13)Dropout - 随机失活14)Batch Normalization - 批量归一化15)Transfer Learning - 迁移学习16)Fine-Tuning - 微调17)Image Classification - 图像分类18)Object Detection - 物体检测19)Semantic Segmentation - 语义分割20)Instance Segmentation - 实例分割21)Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) - 生成对抗网络22)Image Generation - 图像生成23)Style Transfer - 风格迁移24)Convolutional Autoencoder - 卷积自编码器25)Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) - 循环神经网络•Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) - 循环神经网络1)Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) - 循环神经网络2)Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) - 长短期记忆网络3)Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) - 门控循环单元4)Sequence Modeling - 序列建模5)Time Series Prediction - 时间序列预测6)Natural Language Processing (NLP) - 自然语言处理7)Text Generation - 文本生成8)Sentiment Analysis - 情感分析9)Named Entity Recognition (NER) - 命名实体识别10)Part-of-Speech Tagging (POS Tagging) - 词性标注11)Sequence-to-Sequence (Seq2Seq) - 序列到序列12)Attention Mechanism - 注意力机制13)Encoder-Decoder Architecture - 编码器-解码器架构14)Bidirectional RNN - 双向循环神经网络15)Teacher Forcing - 强制教师法16)Backpropagation Through Time (BPTT) - 通过时间的反向传播17)Vanishing Gradient Problem - 梯度消失问题18)Exploding Gradient Problem - 梯度爆炸问题19)Language Modeling - 语言建模20)Speech Recognition - 语音识别•Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) - 长短期记忆网络1)Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) - 长短期记忆网络2)Cell State - 细胞状态3)Hidden State - 隐藏状态4)Forget Gate - 遗忘门5)Input Gate - 输入门6)Output Gate - 输出门7)Peephole Connections - 窥视孔连接8)Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) - 门控循环单元9)Vanishing Gradient Problem - 梯度消失问题10)Exploding Gradient Problem - 梯度爆炸问题11)Sequence Modeling - 序列建模12)Time Series Prediction - 时间序列预测13)Natural Language Processing (NLP) - 自然语言处理14)Text Generation - 文本生成15)Sentiment Analysis - 情感分析16)Named Entity Recognition (NER) - 命名实体识别17)Part-of-Speech Tagging (POS Tagging) - 词性标注18)Attention Mechanism - 注意力机制19)Encoder-Decoder Architecture - 编码器-解码器架构20)Bidirectional LSTM - 双向长短期记忆网络•Attention Mechanism - 注意力机制1)Attention Mechanism - 注意力机制2)Self-Attention - 自注意力3)Multi-Head Attention - 多头注意力4)Transformer - 变换器5)Query - 查询6)Key - 键7)Value - 值8)Query-Value Attention - 查询-值注意力9)Dot-Product Attention - 点积注意力10)Scaled Dot-Product Attention - 缩放点积注意力11)Additive Attention - 加性注意力12)Context Vector - 上下文向量13)Attention Score - 注意力分数14)SoftMax Function - SoftMax函数15)Attention Weight - 注意力权重16)Global Attention - 全局注意力17)Local Attention - 局部注意力18)Positional Encoding - 位置编码19)Encoder-Decoder Attention - 编码器-解码器注意力20)Cross-Modal Attention - 跨模态注意力•Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) - 生成对抗网络1)Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) - 生成对抗网络2)Generator - 生成器3)Discriminator - 判别器4)Adversarial Training - 对抗训练5)Minimax Game - 极小极大博弈6)Nash Equilibrium - 纳什均衡7)Mode Collapse - 模式崩溃8)Training Stability - 训练稳定性9)Loss Function - 损失函数10)Discriminative Loss - 判别损失11)Generative Loss - 生成损失12)Wasserstein GAN (WGAN) - Wasserstein GAN(WGAN)13)Deep Convolutional GAN (DCGAN) - 深度卷积生成对抗网络(DCGAN)14)Conditional GAN (c GAN) - 条件生成对抗网络(c GAN)15)Style GAN - 风格生成对抗网络16)Cycle GAN - 循环生成对抗网络17)Progressive Growing GAN (PGGAN) - 渐进式增长生成对抗网络(PGGAN)18)Self-Attention GAN (SAGAN) - 自注意力生成对抗网络(SAGAN)19)Big GAN - 大规模生成对抗网络20)Adversarial Examples - 对抗样本•Encoder-Decoder - 编码器-解码器1)Encoder-Decoder Architecture - 编码器-解码器架构2)Encoder - 编码器3)Decoder - 解码器4)Sequence-to-Sequence Model (Seq2Seq) - 序列到序列模型5)State Vector - 状态向量6)Context Vector - 上下文向量7)Hidden State - 隐藏状态8)Attention Mechanism - 注意力机制9)Teacher Forcing - 强制教师法10)Beam Search - 束搜索11)Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) - 循环神经网络12)Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) - 长短期记忆网络13)Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) - 门控循环单元14)Bidirectional Encoder - 双向编码器15)Greedy Decoding - 贪婪解码16)Masking - 遮盖17)Dropout - 随机失活18)Embedding Layer - 嵌入层19)Cross-Entropy Loss - 交叉熵损失20)Tokenization - 令牌化•Transfer Learning - 迁移学习1)Transfer Learning - 迁移学习2)Source Domain - 源领域3)Target Domain - 目标领域4)Fine-Tuning - 微调5)Domain Adaptation - 领域自适应6)Pre-Trained Model - 预训练模型7)Feature Extraction - 特征提取8)Knowledge Transfer - 知识迁移9)Unsupervised Domain Adaptation - 无监督领域自适应10)Semi-Supervised Domain Adaptation - 半监督领域自适应11)Multi-Task Learning - 多任务学习12)Data Augmentation - 数据增强13)Task Transfer - 任务迁移14)Model Agnostic Meta-Learning (MAML) - 与模型无关的元学习(MAML)15)One-Shot Learning - 单样本学习16)Zero-Shot Learning - 零样本学习17)Few-Shot Learning - 少样本学习18)Knowledge Distillation - 知识蒸馏19)Representation Learning - 表征学习20)Adversarial Transfer Learning - 对抗迁移学习•Pre-trained Models - 预训练模型1)Pre-trained Model - 预训练模型2)Transfer Learning - 迁移学习3)Fine-Tuning - 微调4)Knowledge Transfer - 知识迁移5)Domain Adaptation - 领域自适应6)Feature Extraction - 特征提取7)Representation Learning - 表征学习8)Language Model - 语言模型9)Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) - 双向编码器结构转换器10)Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) - 生成式预训练转换器11)Transformer-based Models - 基于转换器的模型12)Masked Language Model (MLM) - 掩蔽语言模型13)Cloze Task - 填空任务14)Tokenization - 令牌化15)Word Embeddings - 词嵌入16)Sentence Embeddings - 句子嵌入17)Contextual Embeddings - 上下文嵌入18)Self-Supervised Learning - 自监督学习19)Large-Scale Pre-trained Models - 大规模预训练模型•Loss Function - 损失函数1)Loss Function - 损失函数2)Mean Squared Error (MSE) - 均方误差3)Mean Absolute Error (MAE) - 平均绝对误差4)Cross-Entropy Loss - 交叉熵损失5)Binary Cross-Entropy Loss - 二元交叉熵损失6)Categorical Cross-Entropy Loss - 分类交叉熵损失7)Hinge Loss - 合页损失8)Huber Loss - Huber损失9)Wasserstein Distance - Wasserstein距离10)Triplet Loss - 三元组损失11)Contrastive Loss - 对比损失12)Dice Loss - Dice损失13)Focal Loss - 焦点损失14)GAN Loss - GAN损失15)Adversarial Loss - 对抗损失16)L1 Loss - L1损失17)L2 Loss - L2损失18)Huber Loss - Huber损失19)Quantile Loss - 分位数损失•Activation Function - 激活函数1)Activation Function - 激活函数2)Sigmoid Function - Sigmoid函数3)Hyperbolic Tangent Function (Tanh) - 双曲正切函数4)Rectified Linear Unit (Re LU) - 矩形线性单元5)Parametric Re LU (P Re LU) - 参数化Re LU6)Exponential Linear Unit (ELU) - 指数线性单元7)Swish Function - Swish函数8)Softplus Function - Soft plus函数9)Softmax Function - SoftMax函数10)Hard Tanh Function - 硬双曲正切函数11)Softsign Function - Softsign函数12)GELU (Gaussian Error Linear Unit) - GELU(高斯误差线性单元)13)Mish Function - Mish函数14)CELU (Continuous Exponential Linear Unit) - CELU(连续指数线性单元)15)Bent Identity Function - 弯曲恒等函数16)Gaussian Error Linear Units (GELUs) - 高斯误差线性单元17)Adaptive Piecewise Linear (APL) - 自适应分段线性函数18)Radial Basis Function (RBF) - 径向基函数•Backpropagation - 反向传播1)Backpropagation - 反向传播2)Gradient Descent - 梯度下降3)Partial Derivative - 偏导数4)Chain Rule - 链式法则5)Forward Pass - 前向传播6)Backward Pass - 反向传播7)Computational Graph - 计算图8)Neural Network - 神经网络9)Loss Function - 损失函数10)Gradient Calculation - 梯度计算11)Weight Update - 权重更新12)Activation Function - 激活函数13)Optimizer - 优化器14)Learning Rate - 学习率15)Mini-Batch Gradient Descent - 小批量梯度下降16)Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) - 随机梯度下降17)Batch Gradient Descent - 批量梯度下降18)Momentum - 动量19)Adam Optimizer - Adam优化器20)Learning Rate Decay - 学习率衰减•Gradient Descent - 梯度下降1)Gradient Descent - 梯度下降2)Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) - 随机梯度下降3)Mini-Batch Gradient Descent - 小批量梯度下降4)Batch Gradient Descent - 批量梯度下降5)Learning Rate - 学习率6)Momentum - 动量7)Adaptive Moment Estimation (Adam) - 自适应矩估计8)RMSprop - 均方根传播9)Learning Rate Schedule - 学习率调度10)Convergence - 收敛11)Divergence - 发散12)Adagrad - 自适应学习速率方法13)Adadelta - 自适应增量学习率方法14)Adamax - 自适应矩估计的扩展版本15)Nadam - Nesterov Accelerated Adaptive Moment Estimation16)Learning Rate Decay - 学习率衰减17)Step Size - 步长18)Conjugate Gradient Descent - 共轭梯度下降19)Line Search - 线搜索20)Newton's Method - 牛顿法•Learning Rate - 学习率1)Learning Rate - 学习率2)Adaptive Learning Rate - 自适应学习率3)Learning Rate Decay - 学习率衰减4)Initial Learning Rate - 初始学习率5)Step Size - 步长6)Momentum - 动量7)Exponential Decay - 指数衰减8)Annealing - 退火9)Cyclical Learning Rate - 循环学习率10)Learning Rate Schedule - 学习率调度11)Warm-up - 预热12)Learning Rate Policy - 学习率策略13)Learning Rate Annealing - 学习率退火14)Cosine Annealing - 余弦退火15)Gradient Clipping - 梯度裁剪16)Adapting Learning Rate - 适应学习率17)Learning Rate Multiplier - 学习率倍增器18)Learning Rate Reduction - 学习率降低19)Learning Rate Update - 学习率更新20)Scheduled Learning Rate - 定期学习率•Batch Size - 批量大小1)Batch Size - 批量大小2)Mini-Batch - 小批量3)Batch Gradient Descent - 批量梯度下降4)Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) - 随机梯度下降5)Mini-Batch Gradient Descent - 小批量梯度下降6)Online Learning - 在线学习7)Full-Batch - 全批量8)Data Batch - 数据批次9)Training Batch - 训练批次10)Batch Normalization - 批量归一化11)Batch-wise Optimization - 批量优化12)Batch Processing - 批量处理13)Batch Sampling - 批量采样14)Adaptive Batch Size - 自适应批量大小15)Batch Splitting - 批量分割16)Dynamic Batch Size - 动态批量大小17)Fixed Batch Size - 固定批量大小18)Batch-wise Inference - 批量推理19)Batch-wise Training - 批量训练20)Batch Shuffling - 批量洗牌•Epoch - 训练周期1)Training Epoch - 训练周期2)Epoch Size - 周期大小3)Early Stopping - 提前停止4)Validation Set - 验证集5)Training Set - 训练集6)Test Set - 测试集7)Overfitting - 过拟合8)Underfitting - 欠拟合9)Model Evaluation - 模型评估10)Model Selection - 模型选择11)Hyperparameter Tuning - 超参数调优12)Cross-Validation - 交叉验证13)K-fold Cross-Validation - K折交叉验证14)Stratified Cross-Validation - 分层交叉验证15)Leave-One-Out Cross-Validation (LOOCV) - 留一法交叉验证16)Grid Search - 网格搜索17)Random Search - 随机搜索18)Model Complexity - 模型复杂度19)Learning Curve - 学习曲线20)Convergence - 收敛3.Machine Learning Techniques and Algorithms (机器学习技术与算法)•Decision Tree - 决策树1)Decision Tree - 决策树2)Node - 节点3)Root Node - 根节点4)Leaf Node - 叶节点5)Internal Node - 内部节点6)Splitting Criterion - 分裂准则7)Gini Impurity - 基尼不纯度8)Entropy - 熵9)Information Gain - 信息增益10)Gain Ratio - 增益率11)Pruning - 剪枝12)Recursive Partitioning - 递归分割13)CART (Classification and Regression Trees) - 分类回归树14)ID3 (Iterative Dichotomiser 3) - 迭代二叉树315)C4.5 (successor of ID3) - C4.5(ID3的后继者)16)C5.0 (successor of C4.5) - C5.0(C4.5的后继者)17)Split Point - 分裂点18)Decision Boundary - 决策边界19)Pruned Tree - 剪枝后的树20)Decision Tree Ensemble - 决策树集成•Random Forest - 随机森林1)Random Forest - 随机森林2)Ensemble Learning - 集成学习3)Bootstrap Sampling - 自助采样4)Bagging (Bootstrap Aggregating) - 装袋法5)Out-of-Bag (OOB) Error - 袋外误差6)Feature Subset - 特征子集7)Decision Tree - 决策树8)Base Estimator - 基础估计器9)Tree Depth - 树深度10)Randomization - 随机化11)Majority Voting - 多数投票12)Feature Importance - 特征重要性13)OOB Score - 袋外得分14)Forest Size - 森林大小15)Max Features - 最大特征数16)Min Samples Split - 最小分裂样本数17)Min Samples Leaf - 最小叶节点样本数18)Gini Impurity - 基尼不纯度19)Entropy - 熵20)Variable Importance - 变量重要性•Support Vector Machine (SVM) - 支持向量机1)Support Vector Machine (SVM) - 支持向量机2)Hyperplane - 超平面3)Kernel Trick - 核技巧4)Kernel Function - 核函数5)Margin - 间隔6)Support Vectors - 支持向量7)Decision Boundary - 决策边界8)Maximum Margin Classifier - 最大间隔分类器9)Soft Margin Classifier - 软间隔分类器10) C Parameter - C参数11)Radial Basis Function (RBF) Kernel - 径向基函数核12)Polynomial Kernel - 多项式核13)Linear Kernel - 线性核14)Quadratic Kernel - 二次核15)Gaussian Kernel - 高斯核16)Regularization - 正则化17)Dual Problem - 对偶问题18)Primal Problem - 原始问题19)Kernelized SVM - 核化支持向量机20)Multiclass SVM - 多类支持向量机•K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) - K-最近邻1)K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) - K-最近邻2)Nearest Neighbor - 最近邻3)Distance Metric - 距离度量4)Euclidean Distance - 欧氏距离5)Manhattan Distance - 曼哈顿距离6)Minkowski Distance - 闵可夫斯基距离7)Cosine Similarity - 余弦相似度8)K Value - K值9)Majority Voting - 多数投票10)Weighted KNN - 加权KNN11)Radius Neighbors - 半径邻居12)Ball Tree - 球树13)KD Tree - KD树14)Locality-Sensitive Hashing (LSH) - 局部敏感哈希15)Curse of Dimensionality - 维度灾难16)Class Label - 类标签17)Training Set - 训练集18)Test Set - 测试集19)Validation Set - 验证集20)Cross-Validation - 交叉验证•Naive Bayes - 朴素贝叶斯1)Naive Bayes - 朴素贝叶斯2)Bayes' Theorem - 贝叶斯定理3)Prior Probability - 先验概率4)Posterior Probability - 后验概率5)Likelihood - 似然6)Class Conditional Probability - 类条件概率7)Feature Independence Assumption - 特征独立假设8)Multinomial Naive Bayes - 多项式朴素贝叶斯9)Gaussian Naive Bayes - 高斯朴素贝叶斯10)Bernoulli Naive Bayes - 伯努利朴素贝叶斯11)Laplace Smoothing - 拉普拉斯平滑12)Add-One Smoothing - 加一平滑13)Maximum A Posteriori (MAP) - 最大后验概率14)Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) - 最大似然估计15)Classification - 分类16)Feature Vectors - 特征向量17)Training Set - 训练集18)Test Set - 测试集19)Class Label - 类标签20)Confusion Matrix - 混淆矩阵•Clustering - 聚类1)Clustering - 聚类2)Centroid - 质心3)Cluster Analysis - 聚类分析4)Partitioning Clustering - 划分式聚类5)Hierarchical Clustering - 层次聚类6)Density-Based Clustering - 基于密度的聚类7)K-Means Clustering - K均值聚类8)K-Medoids Clustering - K中心点聚类9)DBSCAN (Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise) - 基于密度的空间聚类算法10)Agglomerative Clustering - 聚合式聚类11)Dendrogram - 系统树图12)Silhouette Score - 轮廓系数13)Elbow Method - 肘部法则14)Clustering Validation - 聚类验证15)Intra-cluster Distance - 类内距离16)Inter-cluster Distance - 类间距离17)Cluster Cohesion - 类内连贯性18)Cluster Separation - 类间分离度19)Cluster Assignment - 聚类分配20)Cluster Label - 聚类标签•K-Means - K-均值1)K-Means - K-均值2)Centroid - 质心3)Cluster - 聚类4)Cluster Center - 聚类中心5)Cluster Assignment - 聚类分配6)Cluster Analysis - 聚类分析7)K Value - K值8)Elbow Method - 肘部法则9)Inertia - 惯性10)Silhouette Score - 轮廓系数11)Convergence - 收敛12)Initialization - 初始化13)Euclidean Distance - 欧氏距离14)Manhattan Distance - 曼哈顿距离15)Distance Metric - 距离度量16)Cluster Radius - 聚类半径17)Within-Cluster Variation - 类内变异18)Cluster Quality - 聚类质量19)Clustering Algorithm - 聚类算法20)Clustering Validation - 聚类验证•Dimensionality Reduction - 降维1)Dimensionality Reduction - 降维2)Feature Extraction - 特征提取3)Feature Selection - 特征选择4)Principal Component Analysis (PCA) - 主成分分析5)Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) - 奇异值分解6)Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) - 线性判别分析7)t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) - t-分布随机邻域嵌入8)Autoencoder - 自编码器9)Manifold Learning - 流形学习10)Locally Linear Embedding (LLE) - 局部线性嵌入11)Isomap - 等度量映射12)Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) - 均匀流形逼近与投影13)Kernel PCA - 核主成分分析14)Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) - 非负矩阵分解15)Independent Component Analysis (ICA) - 独立成分分析16)Variational Autoencoder (VAE) - 变分自编码器17)Sparse Coding - 稀疏编码18)Random Projection - 随机投影19)Neighborhood Preserving Embedding (NPE) - 保持邻域结构的嵌入20)Curvilinear Component Analysis (CCA) - 曲线成分分析•Principal Component Analysis (PCA) - 主成分分析1)Principal Component Analysis (PCA) - 主成分分析2)Eigenvector - 特征向量3)Eigenvalue - 特征值4)Covariance Matrix - 协方差矩阵。
自然语言处理的术语

自然语言处理的术语自然语言处理(Natural Language Processing, NLP)是计算机科学与人工智能领域的一个重要研究方向,旨在使计算机能够理解和处理人类的自然语言。
在这篇文章中,我将介绍一些与自然语言处理相关的术语,帮助读者更好地理解这一领域的基本概念和技术。
1. 文本预处理(Text Preprocessing)文本预处理是自然语言处理的第一步,通常包括去除噪音、分词、词干化、去除停用词等一系列操作。
这些操作旨在将文本转换为计算机可以理解和处理的形式,为后续的任务提供数据基础。
2. 词袋模型(Bag of Words Model)词袋模型是一种常用的文本表示方法,它将文本表示为一个包含所有词汇的向量。
每个词汇的出现与否以及出现的频率被编码为向量的元素值。
词袋模型简化了文本的复杂性,但忽略了词序和语法结构。
3. 词嵌入(Word Embedding)词嵌入是一种将词汇映射到低维向量空间的技术。
通过学习词嵌入,可以捕捉到词汇之间的语义和语法关系。
常见的词嵌入模型包括Word2Vec、GloVe和BERT等。
4. 序列标注(Sequence Labeling)序列标注是一种常见的自然语言处理任务,旨在为输入的词序列标注相应的标签。
例如,命名实体识别任务将人名、地名、组织名等实体识别出来,并标注相应的实体类型。
5. 句法分析(Syntactic Parsing)句法分析是自然语言处理中的关键任务之一,旨在分析句子的语法结构。
句法分析可以帮助理解句子的语义和推理关系。
常见的句法分析方法包括基于规则的方法、统计方法和神经网络方法等。
6. 语义角色标注(Semantic Role Labeling)语义角色标注是一种将句子中的词语与其在句子中扮演的语义角色相对应的任务。
例如,对于句子"小明吃了一个苹果",语义角色标注可以标注出"小明"是施事角色,"吃"是动作角色,"苹果"是受事角色。
语料库术语中英对照

Aboutness 所言之事Absolute frequency 绝对频数Alignment (of parallel texts) (平行或对应)语料的对齐Alphanumeric 字母数字类的Annotate 标注(动词)Annotation 标注(名词)Annotation scheme 标注方案ANSI/American National Standards Institute 美国国家标准学会ASCII/American Standard Code for Information Exchange 美国信息交换标准码Associate (of keywords) (主题词的)联想词AWL/Academic word list 学术词表Balanced corpus 平衡语料库Base list 底表、基础词表Bigram 二元组、二元序列、二元结构Bi-hapax 两次词Bilingual corpus 双语语料库CA/Contrastive Analysis 对比分析Case-sensitive 大小写敏感、区分大小写Chi-square (χ2) test 卡方检验Chunk 词块CIA/Contrastive Interlanguage Analysis 中介语对比分析CLAWS/Constituent Likelihood Automatic Word-tagging System CLAWS词性赋码系统Clean text policy 干净文本原则Cluster 词簇、词丛Colligation 类联接、类连接、类联结Collocate n./v. 搭配词;搭配Collocability 搭配强度、搭配力Collocation 搭配、词语搭配Collocational strength 搭配强度Collocational framework/frame 搭配框架Comparable corpora 类比语料库、可比语料库ConcGram 同现词列、框合结构Concordance (line) 索引(行)Concordance plot (索引)词图Concordancer 索引工具Concordancing 索引生成、索引分析Context 语境、上下文Context word 语境词Contingency table 连列表、联列表、列连表、列联表Co-occurrence/Co-occurring 共现Corpora 语料库(复数)Corpus Linguistics 语料库语言学Corpus 语料库Corpus-based 基于语料库的Corpus-driven 语料库驱动的Corpus-informed 语料库指导的、参考了语料库的Co-select/Co-selection/Co-selectiveness 共选(机制)Co-text 共文DDL/Data Driven Learning 数据驱动学习Diachronic corpus 历时语料库Discourse 话语、语篇Discourse prosody 话语韵律Documentation 备检文件、文检报告EAGLES/Expert Advisory Groups on Language Engineering Standards EAGLES文本规格Empirical Linguistics 实证语言学Empiricism 经验主义Encoding 字符编码Error-tagging 错误标注、错误赋码Extended unit of meaning 扩展意义单位File-based search/concordancing 批量检索Formulaic sequence 程式化序列Frequency 频数、频率General (purpose) corpus 通用语料库Granularity 颗粒度Hapax legomenon/hapax 一次词Header/Text head 文本头、头标、头文件HMM/Hidden Markov Model 隐马尔科夫模型Idiom Principle 习语原则Index/Indexing (建)索引In-line annotation 文内标注、行内标注Key keyword 关键主题词Keyness 主题性、关键性Keyword 主题词KWIC/Key Word in Context 语境中的关键词、语境共现(方式)Learner corpus 学习者语料库Lemma 词目、原形词、词元Lemma list 词形还原对应表Lemmata 词目、原形词、词元(复数)Lemmatization 词形还原、词元化Lemmatizer 词形还原(词元化)工具Lexical bundle 词束Lexical density 词汇密度Lexical item 词项、词语项目Lexical priming 词汇触发理论Lexical richness 词汇丰富度Lexico-grammar/Lexical grammar 词汇语法Lexis 词语、词项LL/Log likelihood (ratio) 对数似然比、对数似然率Longitudinal/Developmental corpus 跟踪语料库、发展语料库、历时语料库Machine-readable 机读的Markup 标记、置标MDA/Multi-dimensional approach 多维度分析法Metadata 元信息Meta-metadata 元元信息MF/MD (Multi-feature/Multi-dimensional) approach 多特征/多维度分析法Mini-text 微型文本Misuse 误用Monitor corpus (动态)监察语料库Monolingual corpus 单语语料库Multilingual corpus 多语语料库Multimodal corpus 多模态语料库MWU/Multiword unit 多词单位MWE/Multiword expression 多词单位MI/Mutual information 互信息、互现信息N-gram N元组、N元序列、N元结构、N元词、多词序列NLP/Natural Language Processing 自然语言处理Node 节点(词)Normalization 标准化Normalized frequency 标准化频率、标称频率、归一频率Observed corpus 观察语料库Ontology 知识本体、本体Open Choice Principle 开放选择原则Overuse 超用、过多使用、使用过度、过度使用Paradigmatic 纵聚合(关系)的Parallel corpus 平行语料库、对应语料库Parole linguistics 言语语言学Parsed corpus 句法标注的语料库Parser 句法分析器Parsing 句法分析Pattern/patterning 型式Pattern grammar 型式语法Pedagogic corpus 教学语料库Phraseology 短语、短语学POSgram 赋码序列、码串POS tagging/Part-of-Speech tagging 词性赋码、词性标注、词性附码POS tagger 词性赋码器、词性赋码工具Prefab 预制语块Probabilistic (基于)概率的、概率性的、盖然的Probability 概率Rationalism 理性主义Raw text/Raw corpus 生文本(语料)Reference corpus 参照语料库Regex/RE/RegExp/Regular Expressions 正则表达式Register variation 语域变异Relative frequency 相对频率Representative/Representativeness 代表性(的)Rule-based 基于规则的Sample n./v. 样本;取样、采样、抽样Sampling 取样、采样、抽样Search term 检索项Search word 检索词Segmentation 切分、分词Semantic preference 语义倾向Semantic prosody 语义韵SGML/Standard Generalized Markup Language 标准通用标记语言Skipgram 跨词序列、跨词结构Span 跨距Special purpose corpus 专用语料库、专门用途语料库、专题语料库Specialized corpus 专用语料库Standardized TTR/Standardized type-token ratio 标准化类符/形符比、标准化类/形比、标准化型次比Stand-off annotation 分离式标注Stop list 停用词表、过滤词表Stop word 停用词、过滤词Synchronic corpus 共时语料库Syntagmatic 横组合(关系)的Tag 标记、码、标注码Tagger 赋码器、赋码工具、标注工具Tagging 赋码、标注、附码Tag sequence 赋码序列、码串Tagset 赋码集、码集Text 文本TEI/Text Encoding Initiative 文本编码计划The Lexical Approach 词汇中心教学法The Lexical Syllabus 词汇大纲Token 形符、词次Token definition 形符界定、单词界定Tokenization 分词Tokenizer 分词工具Transcription 转写Translational corpus 翻译语料库Treebank 树库Trigram 三元组、三元序列、三元结构T-score T值Type 类符、词型TTR/Type-token ratio 类符/形符比、类/形比、型次比Underuse 少用、使用不足Unicode 通用码Unit of meaning 意义单位WaC/Web as Corpus 网络语料库Wildcard 通配符Word definition 单词界定Word form 词形Word family 词族Word list 词表XML/EXtensible Markup Language 可扩展标记语言Zipf's Law 齐夫定律Z-score Z值Welcome To Download !!!欢迎您的下载,资料仅供参考!。
信息技术常用术语中英文对照表

信息技术常用术语中英文对照表1. 计算机网络 Computer Network2. 互联网 Internet3. 局域网 Local Area Network (LAN)4. 带宽 Bandwidth5. 路由器 Router6. 交换机 Switch7. 防火墙 Firewall8. 病毒 Virus9. 木马 Trojan10. 黑客 Hacker11. 中央处理器 Central Processing Unit (CPU)12. 内存 Random Access Memory (RAM)13. 硬盘 Hard Disk Drive (HDD)14. 固态硬盘 Solid State Drive (SSD)15. 显卡 Graphics Card16. 主板 Motherboard17. BIOS Basic Input/Output System18. 操作系统 Operating System19. 应用程序 Application20. 编程语言 Programming Language21. 数据库 Database22. 服务器 Server23. 客户端 Client24. 云计算 Cloud Computing25. 大数据 Big Data27. 机器学习 Machine Learning28. 深度学习 Deep Learning29. 虚拟现实 Virtual Reality (VR)30. 增强现实 Augmented Reality (AR)31. 网络安全 Network Security32. 数据加密 Data Encryption33. 数字签名 Digital Signature34. 身份验证 Authentication35. 访问控制 Access Control36. 数据备份 Data Backup37. 数据恢复 Data Recovery38. 系统升级 System Upgrade39. 系统优化 System Optimization40. 技术支持 Technical Support当然,让我们继续丰富这个信息技术常用术语的中英文对照表:41. 网络协议 Network Protocol42. IP地址 Internet Protocol Address43. 域名系统 Domain Name System (DNS)44. HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol45. Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure46. FTP File Transfer Protocol47. SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol48. POP3 Post Office Protocol 349. IMAP Internet Message Access Protocol50. TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol51. 无线局域网 Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)52. 蓝牙 Bluetooth53. 无线保真 WiFi (Wireless Fidelity)54. 4G Fourth Generation55. 5G Fifth Generation56. 物联网 Internet of Things (IoT)57. 云服务 Cloud Service58. 网络存储 Network Attached Storage (NAS)59. 分布式文件系统 Distributed File System60. 数据中心 Data Center61. 系统分析 Systems Analysis62. 系统设计 Systems Design63. 软件开发 Software Development64. 系统集成 Systems Integration65. 软件测试 Software Testing66. 质量保证 Quality Assurance67. 项目管理 Project Management68. 技术文档 Technical Documentation69. 用户手册 User Manual70. 知识库 Knowledge Base71. 网络拓扑 Network Topology72. 星型网络 Star Network73. 环形网络 Ring Network74. 总线型网络 Bus Network75. 树形网络 Tree Network76. 点对点网络 PeertoPeer Network77. 宽带接入 Broadband Access78. DSL Digital Subscriber Line79. 光纤到户 Fiber To The Home (FTTH)80. VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol通过这份对照表,希望您能更加轻松地理解和应用信息技术领域的专业术语。
自然语言处理 中文分词 mm 算法-概述说明以及解释

自然语言处理中文分词mm 算法-概述说明以及解释1.引言概述部分的内容可以描述自然语言处理(NLP)在当今社会中的重要性,并介绍中文分词作为NLP领域的重要任务。
以下是一种可能的文章概述的写法:“引言1.1 概述自然语言处理(NLP)是计算机科学和人工智能领域的一个重要研究方向。
它涉及计算机与人类自然语言之间的交互,使得计算机能够理解、分析和生成人类语言。
在这个数字化时代,NLP的应用正在不断扩展,包括智能助理、机器翻译、情感分析、信息抽取等等。
其中,中文分词作为NLP领域的关键任务之一,正在受到越来越多的关注。
中文分词指的是将连续的中文文本按照语义逻辑进行切割,将其划分为最小的有意义的单元,称为词语。
中文分词是其他中文处理任务的基础和先决条件,对于提高机器对中文文本的理解和处理能力至关重要。
中文分词的难点在于中文没有像英文那样使用空格来分割单词,而是以字为基本单位。
而且中文词与词之间没有明显的边界,因此需要通过算法来进行切分。
在过去的几十年里,许多中文分词算法被提出,其中最经典和常用的算法之一是MM算法。
本文将会详细介绍自然语言处理和中文分词的背景与重要性,并重点介绍MM算法的原理、流程以及其在中文分词中的应用。
同时,还将对该算法的优缺点进行评述,并进行实验设计,比较MM算法与其他算法的性能差异。
最后,对MM算法进行全面的评价,并探讨研究的局限性和未来的研究方向。
”以上是文章1.1 概述部分的内容,希望对你有所帮助!1.2文章结构1.2 文章结构本文共分为三个部分,分别是引言、正文和结论。
引言部分首先概述了整篇文章的主题,介绍了自然语言处理和中文分词的背景和定义。
随后,简要说明了本文的结构和目的,并对整篇文章进行了总结。
正文部分包括了多个小节,详细介绍了自然语言处理、中文分词的重要性以及现有的中文分词算法。
其中,我们重点讨论了MM算法,包括其算法原理、流程以及优缺点。
此外,我们还探讨了MM算法在中文分词中的应用,并设计了实验来验证其性能。
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abbreviation 缩写 [省略语]ablative 夺格(的)abrupt 突发音accent 口音/{Phonetics}重音accusative 受格(的)acoustic phonetics 声学语音学acquisition 习得action verb 动作动词active 主动语态active chart parser 活动图句法剖析程序active knowledge 主动知识active verb 主动动词actor-action-goal 施事(者)-动作-目标actualization 实现(化)acute 锐音address 地址{信息科学}/称呼(语){语言学} adequacy 妥善性adjacency pair 邻对adjective 形容词adjunct 附加语 [附加修饰语]adjunction 加接adverb 副词adverbial idiom 副词词组affective 影响的affirmative 肯定(的;式)affix 词缀affixation 加缀affricate 塞擦音agent 施事agentive-action verb 施事动作动词agglutinative 胶着(性)agreement 对谐AI (artificial intelligence) 人工智能 [人工智能] AI language 人工智能语言 [人工智能语言]Algebraic Linguistics 代数语言学algorithm 算法 [算法]alienable 可分割的alignment 对照 [多国语言文章词;词组;句子翻译的] allo- 同位-allomorph 同位语素allophone 同位音位alpha notation alpha 标记alphabetic writing 拼音文字alternation 交替alveolar 齿龈音ambiguity 歧义ambiguity resolution 歧义消解ambiguous 歧义American structuralism 美国结构主义analogy 类推analyzable 可分析的anaphor 照应语 [前方照应词]animate 有生的A-not-A question 正反问句antecedent 先行词anterior 舌前音anticipation 预期 (音变)antonym 反义词antonymy 反义A-over-A A-上-A 原则apposition 同位语appositive construction 同位结构appropriate 恰当的approximant 无擦通音approximate match 近似匹配arbitrariness 任意性archiphoneme 大音位argument 论元 [变元]argument structure 论元结构 [变元结构] arrangement 配列array 数组articulatory configuration 发音结构articulatory phonetics 发音语音学artificial intelligence (AI) 人工智能 [人工智能] artificial language 人工语言ASCII 美国标准信息交换码aspect 态 [体]aspirant 气音aspiration 送气assign 指派assimilation 同化association 关联associative phrase 联想词组asterisk 标星号ATN (augmented transition network) 扩充转移网络attested 经证实的attribute 属性attributive 属性auditory phonetics 听觉语音学augmented transition network 扩充转移网络automatic document classification 自动文件分类automatic indexing 自动索引automatic segmentation 自动切分automatic training 自动训练automatic word segmentation 自动分词automaton 自动机autonomous 自主的auxiliary 助动词axiom 公理baby-talk 儿语back-formation 逆生构词(法)backtrack 回溯Backus-Naur Form 巴科斯诺尔形式 [巴科斯诺尔范式] backward deletion 逆向删略ba-construction 把─字句balanced corpus 平衡语料库base 词基Bayesian learning 贝式学习Bayesian statistics 贝式统计behaviorism 行为主义belief system 信念系统benefactive 受益(格;的)best first parser 最佳优先句法剖析器bidirectional linked list 双向串行bigram 双连词bilabial 双唇音bilateral 双边的bilingual concordancer 双语关键词前后文排序程序binary feature 双向特征[二分征性]binding 约束bit 位 [二进制制;比特]biuniqueness 双向唯一性blade 舌叶blend 省并词block 封阻[封杀]Bloomfieldian 布隆菲尔德(学派)的body language 肢体语言Boolean lattice 布尔网格 [布尔网格]borrow 借移Bottom-up 由下而上bottom-up parsing 由下而上剖析bound 附着(的)bound morpheme 附着语素 [黏着语素]boundary marker 界线标记boundary symbol 界线符号bracketing 方括号法branching 分枝法breadth-first search 广度优先搜寻 [宽度优先搜索]breath group 换气单位breathy 气息音的buffer 缓冲区byte 字节CAI (Computer Assisted Instruction) 计算机辅助教学CALL (computer assisted language learning) 计算机辅助语言学习canonical 典范的capacity 能力cardinal 基数的cardinal vowels 基本元音case 格位case frame 格位框架Case Grammar 格位语法case marking 格位标志CAT (computer assisted translation) 计算机辅助翻译cataphora 下指Categorial Grammar 范畴语法Categorial Unification Grammar 范畴连并语法 [范畴合一语法] causative 使动causative verb 使役动词causativity 使役性centralization 央元音化chain 炼chart parsing 表式剖析 [图表句法分析]checked 受阻的checking 验证Chinese character code 中文编码 [汉字代码]Chinese character code for information interchange 中文信息交换码 [汉字交换码]Chinese character coding input method 中文输入法 [汉字编码输入]choice 选择Chomsky hierarchy 杭士基阶层 [Chomsky 层次结构]citation form 基本形式CKY algorithm (Cocke-Kasami-Younger) CKY 算法classifier 类别词cleft sentence 分裂句click 啧音clitic 附着词closed world assumption 封闭世界假说cluster 音群Cocke-Kasami-Younger algorithm CKY 算法coda 音节尾code conversion 代码变换cognate 同源(的;词)Cognitive Linguistics 认知语言学coherence 一致性cohesion 凝结性 [黏着性;结合力]collapse 合并collective 集合的collocation 连用语 [同现;搭配]combinatorial construction 合并结构combinatorial insertion 合并中插combinatorial word 合并词Combinatory Categorial Grammar 组合范畴语法comment 评论commissive 许诺[语行]common sense semantics 常识语意学Communication Theory 通讯理论 [通讯论;信息论]Comparative Linguistics 比较语言学comparison 比较competence 语言知能compiler 编译器complement 补语complementary 互补complementary distribution 互补分布complementizer 补语标记complex predicate 复杂谓语complex stative construction 复杂状态结构complex symbol 复杂符号complexity 复杂度component 成分compositionality 语意合成性 [合成性]compound word 复合词Computational Lexical Semantics 计算词汇语意学Computational Lexicography 计算词典编纂学Computational Linguistics 计算语言学Computational Phonetics 计算语音学Computational Phonology 计算声韵学Computational Pragmatics 计算语用学Computational Semantics 计算语意学Computational Syntax 计算句法学computer language 计算器语言computer-aided translation 计算机辅助翻译 [计算器辅助翻译]computer-assisted instruction (CAI) 计算机辅助教学computer-assisted language learning 计算机辅助语言学习[计算器辅助语言学习]concatenation 串联concept classification 概念分类concept dependency 概念依存conceptual hierarchy 概念阶层concord 谐和concordance 关键词 (前后文) 排序concordancer 关键词 (前后文) 排序的程序concurrent parsing 并行句法剖析conditional decision 条件决定 [条件决策]conjoin 连接conjunction 连接词 (合取;逻辑积;"与";连词)conjunctive 连接的connected speech 连续语言Connectionist model 类神经网络模型Connectionist model for natural language 自然语言类神经网络模型 [自然语言连接模型]connotation 隐涵意义consonant 子音 [辅音]constituent 成分constituent structure tree 词组结构树constraint 限制constraint propagation 限制条件的传递 [限定因素增殖]constraint-based grammar formalism 限制为本的语法形式Construct Grammar 句构语法content word 实词context 语境context-free language 语境自由语言 [上下文无关语言]context-sensitive language 语境限定语言 [上下文有关语言;上下文敏感语言] continuant 连续音continuous speech recognition 连续语音识别contraction 缩约control agreement principle 控制一致原理control structure 控制结构control theory 控制论convention 约定俗成[规约]convergence 收敛[趋同现象]conversational implicature 会话含义converse 相反(词;的)cooccurrence relation 共现关系 [同现关系]co-operative principle 合作原则coordination 对称连接词 [同等;并列连接]copula 系词co-reference 同指涉 [互指]co-referential 同指涉coronal 前舌音corpora 语料库corpus 语料库Corpus Linguistics 语料库语言学corpus-based learning 语料库为本的学习correlation 相关性counter-intuitive 违反语感的courseware 课程软件 [课件]coverb 动介词C-structure 成分结构data compression 数据压缩 [数据压缩]data driven analysis 资料驱动型分析 [数据驱动型分析]data structure 数据结构 [数据结构]database 数据库 [数据库]database knowledge representation 数据库知识表示 [数据库知识表示]data-driven 资料驱动 [数据驱动]dative 与格declarative knowledge 陈述性知识decomposition 分解deductive database 演译数据库 [演译数据库]default 默认值 [默认;缺省]definite 定指Definite Clause Grammar 确定子句语法definite state automaton 有限状态自动机Definite State Grammar 有限状态语法definiteness 定指degree adverb 程度副词degree of freedom 自由度deixis 指示delimiter 定界符号 [定界符]denotation 外延denotic logic 符号逻辑dependency 依存关系Dependency Grammar 依存关系语法dependency relation 依存关系depth-first search 深度优先搜寻derivation 派生derivational bound morpheme 派生性附着语素Descriptive Grammar 描述型语法 [描写语法]Descriptive Linguistics 描述语言学 [描写语言学] desiderative 意愿的determiner 限定词deterministic algorithm 决定型算法 [确定性算法] deterministic finite state automaton 决定型有限状态机deterministic parser 决定型语法剖析器 [确定性句法剖析程序] developmental psychology 发展心理学Diachronic Linguistics 历时语言学diacritic 附加符号dialectology 方言学dictionary database 辞典数据库 [词点数据库]dictionary entry 辞典条目digital processing 数字处理 [数值处理]diglossia 双言digraph 二合字母diminutive 指小词diphone 双连音directed acyclic graph 有向非循环图disambiguation 消除歧义 [歧义消除]discourse 篇章discourse analysis 篇章分析 [言谈分析]discourse planning 篇章规划Discourse Representation Theory 篇章表征理论 [言谈表示理论] discourse strategy 言谈策略discourse structure 言谈结构discrete 离散的disjunction 选言dissimilation 异化distributed 分布式的distributed cooperative reasoning 分布协调型推理distributed text parsing 分布式文本剖析disyllabic 双音节的ditransitive verb 双宾动词 [双宾语动词;双及物动词] divergence 扩散[分化]D-M (Determiner-Measure) construction 定量结构D-N (determiner-noun) construction 定名结构document retrieval system 文件检索系统 [文献检索系统] domain dependency 领域依存性 [领域依存关系]double insertion 交互中插double-base 双基downgrading 降级dummy 虚位duration 音长{语音学}/时段{语法学/语意学}dynamic programming 动态规划Earley algorithm Earley 算法echo 回声句egressive 呼气音ejective 紧喉音electronic dictionary 电子词典elementary string 基本字符串 [基本单词串]ellipsis 省略EM algorithm EM算法embedding 崁入emic 功能关系的empiricism 经验论Empty Category Principle 虚范畴原则 [空范畴原理]empty word 虚词enclitics 后接成份end user 终端用户 [最终用户]endocentric 同心的endophora 语境照应entailment 蕴涵entity 实体entropy 熵entry 条目episodic memory 情节性记忆epistemological network 认识论网络ergative verb 作格动词ergativity 作格性Esperando 世界语etic 无功能关系etymology 词源学event 事件event driven control 事件驱动型控制example-based machine translation 以例句为本的机器翻译exclamation 感叹exclusive disjunction 排它性逻辑“或”experiencer case 经验者格expert system 专家系统extension 外延external argument 域外论元extraposition 移外变形 [外置转换]facility value 易度值feature 特征feature bundle 特征束feature co-occurrence restriction 特征同现限制 [特性同现限制] feature instantiation 特征体现feature structure 特征结构 [特性结构]feature unification 特征连并 [特性合一]feedback 回馈felicity condition 妥适条件file structure 档案结构finite automaton 有限状态机 [有限自动机]finite state 有限状态Finite State Morphology 有限状态构词法 [有限状态词法]finite-state automata 有限状态自动机finite-state language 有限状态语言finite-state machine 有限状态机finite-state transducer 有限状态置换器flap 闪音flat 降音foreground information 前景讯息 [前景信息]Formal Language Theory 形式语言理论Formal Linguistics 形式语言学Formal Semantics 形式语意学forward inference 前向推理 [向前推理]forward-backward algorithm 前前后后算法frame 框架frame based knowledge representation 框架型知识表示Frame Theory 框架理论free morpheme 自由语素Fregean principle Fregean 原则fricative 擦音F-structure 功能结构full text searching 全文检索function word 功能词Functional Grammar 功能语法functional programming 函数型程序设计 [函数型程序设计]functional sentence perspective 功能句子观functional structure 功能结构functional unification 功能连并 [功能合一]functor 功能符fundamental frequency 基频garden path sentence 花园路径句GB (Government and Binding) 管辖约束geminate 重叠音gender 性Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar 概化词组结构语法 [广义短语结构语法] Generative Grammar 衍生语法Generative Linguistics 衍生语言学 [生成语言学]generic 泛指genetic epistemology 发生认识论genetive marker 属格标记genitive 属格gerund 动名词Government and Binding Theory 管辖约束理论GPSG (Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar) 概化词组结构语法 [广义短语结构语法]gradability 可分级性grammar checker 文法检查器grammatical affix 语法词缀grammatical category 语法范畴grammatical function 语法功能grammatical inference 文法推论grammatical relation 语法关系grapheme 字素haplology 类音删略head 中心语head driven phrase structure 中心语驱动词组结构 [中心词驱动词组结构] head feature convention 中心语特征继承原理 [中心词特性继承原理] Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar 中心语驱动词组结构律heteronym 同形heuristic parsing 经验式句法剖析Heuristics 经验知识hidden Markov model 隐式马可夫模型hierarchical structure 阶层结构 [层次结构]holophrase 单词句homograph 同形异义词homonym 同音异义词homophone 同音词homophony 同音异义homorganic 同部位音的Horn clause Horn 子句HPSG (Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar) 中心语驱动词组结构语法human-machine interface 人机界面hypernym 上位词hypertext 超文件 [超文本]hyponym 下位词hypotactic 主从结构的IC (immediate constituent) 直接成份ICG (Information-based Case Grammar) 讯息为本的格位语法idiom 成语 [熟语]idiosyncrasy 特异性illocutionary 施为性immediate constituent 直接成份imperative 祈使句implicative predicate 蕴含谓词implicature 含意indexical 标引的indirect object 间接宾语indirect speech act 间接言谈行动 [间接言语行为]Indo-European language 印欧语言inductional inference 归纳推理inference machine 推理机器infinitive 不定词 [to 不定式]infix 中缀inflection/inflexion 屈折变化inflectional affix 屈折词缀information extraction 信息撷取information processing 信息处理 [信息处理]information retrieval 信息检索Information Science 信息科学 [信息科学; 情报科学]Information Theory 信息论 [信息论]inherent feature 固有特征inherit 继承inheritance 继承inheritance hierarchy 继承阶层 [继承层次]inheritance of attribute 属性继承innateness position 语法天生假说insertion 中插inside-outside algorithm 里里外外算法instantiation 体现instrumental (case) 工具格integrated parser 集成句法剖析程序integrated theory of discourse analysis 篇章分析综合理论 [言谈分析综合理论]intelligence intensive production 知识密集型生产intensifier 加强成分intensional logic 内含逻辑Intensional Semantics 内涵语意学intensional type 内含类型interjection/exclamation 感叹词inter-level 中间成分interlingua 中介语言interlingual 中介语(的)interlocutor 对话者internalise 内化International Phonetic Association (IPA) 国际语音学会internet 网际网络Interpretive Semantics 诠释性语意学intonation 语调intonation unit (IU) 语调单位IPA (International Phonetic Association) 国际语音学会IR (information retrieval) 信息检索IS-A relation IS-A 关系isomorphism 同形现象IU (intonation unit) 语调单位junction 连接keyword in context 上下文中关键词[上下文内关键词] kinesics 体势学knowledge acquisition 知识习得knowledge base 知识库knowledge based machine translation 知识为本之机器翻译knowledge extraction 知识撷取 [知识题取]knowledge representation 知识表示KWIC (keyword in context) 关键词前后文 [上下文内关键词] label 卷标labial 唇音labio-dental 唇齿音labio-velar 软颚唇音LAD (language acquisition device) 语言习得装置lag 发声延迟language acquisition 语言习得language acquisition device 语言习得装置language engineering 语言工程language generation 语言生成language intuition 语感language model 语言模型language technology 语言科技left-corner parsing 左角落剖析 [左角句法剖析]lemma 词元lenis 弱辅音letter-to-phone 字转音lexeme 词汇单位lexical ambiguity 词汇歧义lexical category 词类lexical conceptual structure 词汇概念结构lexical entry 词项lexical entry selection standard 选词标准lexical integrity 词语完整性Lexical Semantics 词汇语意学Lexical-Functional Grammar 词汇功能语法Lexicography 词典学Lexicology 词汇学lexicon 词汇库 [词典;词库]lexis 词汇层LF (logical form) 逻辑形式LFG (Lexical-Functional Grammar) 词汇功能语法liaison 连音linear bounded automaton 线性有限自主机linear precedence 线性次序lingua franca 共通语linguistic decoding 语言译码linguistic unit 语言单位linked list 串行loan 外来语local 局部的localism 方位主义localizer 方位词locus model 轨迹模型locution 惯用语logic 逻辑logic array network 逻辑数组网络logic programming 逻辑程序设计 [逻辑程序设计] logical form 逻辑形式logical operator 逻辑算子 [逻辑算符]Logic-Based Grammar 逻辑为本语法 [基于逻辑的语法] long term memory 长期记忆longest match principle 最长匹配原则 [最长一致法] LR (left-right) parsing LR 剖析machine dictionary 机器词典machine language 机器语言machine learning 机器学习machine translation 机器翻译machine-readable dictionary (MRD) 机读辞典Macrolinguistics 宏观语言学Markov chart 马可夫图Mathematical Linguistics 数理语言学maximum entropy 最大熵M-D (modifier-head) construction 偏正结构mean length of utterance (MLU) 语句平均长度measure of information 讯习测度 [信息测度] memory based 根据记忆的mental lexicon 心理词汇库mental model 心理模型mental process 心理过程 [智力过程;智力处理]metalanguage 超语言metaphor 隐喻metaphorical extension 隐喻扩展metarule 律上律 [元规则]metathesis 语音易位Microlinguistics 微观语言学middle structure 中间式结构minimal pair 最小对Minimalist Program 微言主义MLU (mean length of utterance) 语句平均长度modal 情态词modal auxiliary 情态助动词modal logic 情态逻辑modifier 修饰语Modular Logic Grammar 模块化逻辑语法modular parsing system 模块化句法剖析系统modularity 模块性(理论)module 模块monophthong 单元音monotonic 单调monotonicity 单调性Montague Grammar 蒙泰究语法 [蒙塔格语法]mood 语气morpheme 词素morphological affix 构词词缀morphological decomposition 语素分解morphological pattern 词型morphological processing 词素处理morphological rule 构词律 [词法规则] morphological segmentation 语素切分Morphology 构词学Morphophonemics 词音学 [形态音位学;语素音位学] morphophonological rule 形态音位规则Morphosyntax 词句法Motor Theory 肌动理论movement 移位MRD (machine-readable dictionary) 机读辞典MT (machine translation) 机器翻译multilingual processing system 多语讯息处理系统multilingual translation 多语翻译multimedia 多媒体multi-media communication 多媒体通讯multiple inheritance 多重继承multistate logic 多态逻辑mutation 语音转换mutual exclusion 互斥mutual information 相互讯息nativist position 语法天生假说natural language 自然语言natural language processing (NLP) 自然语言处理natural language understanding 自然语言理解negation 否定negative sentence 否定句neologism 新词语nested structure 套结构network 网络neural network 类神经网络Neurolinguistics 神经语言学neutralization 中立化n-gram n-连词n-gram modeling n-连词模型NLP (natural language processing) 自然语言处理node 节点nominalization 名物化nonce 暂用的non-finite 非限定non-finite clause 非限定式子句non-monotonic reasoning 非单调推理normal distribution 常态分布noun 名词noun phrase 名词组NP (noun phrase) completeness 名词组完全性object 宾语{语言学}/对象{信息科学}object oriented programming 对象导向程序设计 [面向对向的程序设计] official language 官方语言one-place predicate 一元述语on-line dictionary 线上查询词典 [联机词点]onomatopoeia 拟声词onset 节首音ontogeny 个体发生Ontology 本体论open set 开放集operand 操作数 [操作对象]optimization 最佳化 [最优化]overgeneralization 过度概化overgeneration 过度衍生paradigmatic relation 聚合关系paralanguage 附语言parallel construction 并列结构Parallel Corpus 平行语料库parallel distributed processing (PDP) 平行分布处理paraphrase 转述 [释意;意译;同意互训]parole 言语parser 剖析器 [句法剖析程序]parsing 剖析part of speech (POS) 词类particle 语助词PART-OF relation PART-OF 关系part-of-speech tagging 词类标注pattern recognition 型样识别P-C (predicate-complement) insertion 述补中插PDP (parallel distributed processing) 平行分布处理perception 知觉perceptron 感觉器 [感知器]perceptual strategy 感知策略performative 行为句periphrasis 用独立词表达perlocutionary 语效性的permutation 移位Petri Net Grammar Petri 网语法philology 语文学phone 语音phoneme 音素phonemic analysis 因素分析phonemic stratum 音素层Phonetics 语音学phonogram 音标Phonology 声韵学 [音位学;广义语音学]Phonotactics 音位排列理论phrasal verb 词组动词 [短语动词]phrase 词组 [短语]phrase marker 词组标记 [短语标记]pitch 音调pitch contour 调形变化Pivot Grammar 枢轴语法pivotal construction 承轴结构plausibility function 可能性函数PM (phrase marker) 词组标记 [短语标记]polysemy 多义性POS-tagging 词类标记postposition 方位词PP (preposition phrase) attachment 介词依附Pragmatics 语用学Precedence Grammar 优先级语法precision 精确度predicate 述词predicate calculus 述词计算predicate logic 述词逻辑 [谓词逻辑]predicate-argument structure 述词论元结构prefix 前缀premodification 前置修饰preposition 介词Prescriptive Linguistics 规定语言学 [规范语言学]presentative sentence 引介句presupposition 前提Principle of Compositionality 语意合成性原理privative 二元对立的probabilistic parser 概率句法剖析程序problem solving 解决问题program 程序programming language 程序设计语言 [程序设计语言]proofreading system 校对系统proper name 专有名词prosody 节律prototype 原型pseudo-cleft sentence 准分裂句Psycholinguistics 心理语言学punctuation 标点符号pushdown automata 下推自动机pushdown transducer 下推转换器qualification 后置修饰quantification 量化quantifier 范域词Quantitative Linguistics 计量语言学question answering system 问答系统queue 队列radical 字根 [词干;词根;部首;偏旁]radix of tuple 元组数基random access 随机存取rationalism 理性论rationalist (position) 理性论立场 [唯理论观点]reading laboratory 阅读实验室real time 实时real time control 实时控制 [实时控制]recursive transition network 递归转移网络reduplication 重叠词 [重复]reference 指涉referent 指称对象referential indices 指针referring expression 指涉词 [指示短语]register 缓存器 [寄存器]{信息科学}/调高{语音学}/语言的场合层级{社会语言学} regular language 正规语言 [正则语言]relational database 关系型数据库 [关系数据库]relative clause 关系子句relaxation method 松弛法relevance 相关性Restricted Logic Grammar 受限逻辑语法resumptive pronouns 复指代词retroactive inhibition 逆抑制rewriting rule 重写规则rheme 述位rhetorical structure 修辞结构rhetorics 修辞学robust 强健性robust processing 强健性处理robustness 强健性schema 基朴school grammar 教学语法scope 范域 [作用域;范围]script 脚本search mechanism 检索机制search space 检索空间searching route 检索路径 [搜索路径]second order predicate 二阶述词segmentation 分词segmentation marker 分段标志selectional restriction 选择限制semantic field 语意场semantic frame 语意架构semantic network 语意网络semantic representation 语意表征 [语义表示]semantic representation language 语意表征语言semantic restriction 语意限制semantic structure 语意结构Semantics 语意学sememe 意素Semiotics 符号学sender 发送者sensorimotor stage 感觉运动期sensory information 感官讯息 [感觉信息]sentence 句子sentence generator 句子产生器 [句子生成程序]sentence pattern 句型separation of homonyms 同音词区分sequence 序列serial order learning 顺序学习serial verb construction 连动结构set oriented semantic network 集合导向型语意网络 [面向集合型语意网络] SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) 结构化通用标记语言shift-reduce parsing 替换简化式剖析short term memory 短程记忆sign 信号signal processing technology 信号处理技术simple word 单纯词situation 情境Situation Semantics 情境语意学situational type 情境类型social context 社会环境sociolinguistics 社会语言学software engineering 软件工程 [软件工程]sort 排序speaker-independent speech recognition 非特定语者语音识别spectrum 频谱speech 口语speech act assignment 言语行为指定speech continuum 言语连续体speech disorder 语言失序 [言语缺失]speech recognition 语音辨识speech retrieval 语音检索speech situation 言谈情境 [言语情境]speech synthesis 语音合成speech translation system 语音翻译系统speech understanding system 语音理解系统spreading activation model 扩散激发模型standard deviation 标准差Standard Generalized Markup Language 标准通用标示语言start-bound complement 接头词state of affairs algebra 事态代数state transition diagram 状态转移图statement kernel 句核static attribute list 静态属性表statistical analysis 统计分析Statistical Linguistics 统计语言学statistical significance 统计意义stem 词干stimulus-response theory 刺激反应理论stochastic approach to parsing 概率式句法剖析 [句法剖析的随机方法] stop 爆破音Stratificational Grammar 阶层语法 [层级语法]string 字符串[串;字符串]string manipulation language 字符串操作语言string matching 字符串匹配 [字符串]structural ambiguity 结构歧义Structural Linguistics 结构语言学structural relation 结构关系structural transfer 结构转换structuralism 结构主义structure 结构structure sharing representation 结构共享表征subcategorization 次类划分 [下位范畴化]subjunctive 假设的sublanguage 子语言subordinate 从属关系subordinate clause 从属子句 [从句;子句]subordination 从属substitution rule 代换规则 [置换规则]substrate 底层语言suffix 后缀superordinate 上位的superstratum 上层语言suppletion 异型[不规则词型变化] suprasegmental 超音段的syllabification 音节划分syllable 音节syllable structure constraint 音节结构限制symbolization and verbalization 符号化与字句化synchronic 同步的synonym 同义词syntactic category 句法类别syntactic constituent 句法成分syntactic rule 语法规律 [句法规则]Syntactic Semantics 句法语意学syntagm 句段syntagmatic 组合关系 [结构段的;组合的]Syntax 句法Systemic Grammar 系统语法tag 标记target language 目标语言 [目标语言]task sharing 课题分享 [任务共享]tautology 套套逻辑 [恒真式;重言式;同义反复] taxonomical hierarchy 分类阶层 [分类层次] telescopic compound 套装合并template 模板temporal inference 循序推理 [时序推理] temporal logic 时间逻辑 [时序逻辑]temporal marker 时貌标记tense 时态terminology 术语text 文本text analyzing 文本分析text coherence 文本一致性text generation 文本生成 [篇章生成]Text Linguistics 文本语言学text planning 文本规划text proofreading 文本校对text retrieval 文本检索text structure 文本结构 [篇章结构]text summarization 文本自动摘要 [篇章摘要]text understanding 文本理解text-to-speech 文本转语音thematic role 题旨角色thematic structure 题旨结构theorem 定理thesaurus 同义词辞典theta role 题旨角色theta-grid 题旨网格token 实类 [标记项]tone 音调tone language 音调语言tone sandhi 连调变换top-down 由上而下 [自顶向下]topic 主题topicalization 主题化 [话题化]trace 痕迹Trace Theory 痕迹理论training 训练transaction 异动 [处理单位]transcription 转写 [抄写;速记翻译]transducer 转换器transfer 转移transfer approach 转换方法transfer framework 转换框架transformation 变形 [转换]Transformational Grammar 变形语法 [转换语法]transitional state term set 转移状态项集合transitivity 及物性translation 翻译translation equivalence 翻译等值性translation memory 翻译记忆transparency 透明性tree 树状结构 [树]Tree Adjoining Grammar 树形加接语法 [树连接语法]treebank 树图数据库[语法关系树库]trigram 三连词t-score t-数turing machine 杜林机 [图灵机]turing test 杜林测试 [图灵试验]type 类型type/token node 标记类型/实类节点type-feature structure 类型特征结构typology 类型学ultimate constituent 终端成分unbounded dependency 无界限依存underlying form 基底型式underlying structure 基底结构unification 连并 [合一]Unification-based Grammar 连并为本的语法 [基于合一的语法] Universal Grammar 普遍性语法universal instantiation 普遍例式universal quantifier 全称范域词unknown word 未知词 [未定义词]unrestricted grammar 非限制型语法usage flag 使用旗标user interface 使用者界面 [用户界面]Valence Grammar 结合价语法Valence Theory 结合价理论valency 结合价variance 变异数 [方差]verb 动词verb phrase 动词组 [动词短语]verb resultative compound 动补复合词verbal association 词语联想verbal phrase 动词组verbal production 言语生成vernacular 本地话V-O construction (verb-object) 动宾结构vocabulary 字汇vocabulary entry 词条vocal track 声道vocative 呼格voice recognition 声音辨识 [语音识别]vowel 元音vowel harmony 元音和谐 [元音和谐]waveform 波形weak verb 弱化动词Whorfian hypothesis Whorfian 假说word 词word frequency 词频word frequency distribution 词频分布word order 词序word segmentation 分词word segmentation standard for Chinese 中文分词规范word segmentation unit 分词单位 [切词单位]word set 词集working memory 工作记忆 [工作存储区]world knowledge 世界知识writing system 书写系统X-Bar Theory X标杠理论 ["x"阶理论]Zipf's Law 利夫规律 [齐普夫定律]阅读。