The Nature of Science
中学生自然科学类英语作文
中学生自然科学类英语作文(中英文实用版)Title: The Wonders of Natural ScienceEnglish:atural science is a fascinating field that encompasses a wide array of mysteries and wonders, often stimulating curiosity in young minds.As a high school student, I"ve been captivated by the magic of biology, chemistry, and physics.The diversity of life, the peculiar reactions in a chemistry lab, and the laws that govern our universe - all these subjects serve as a treasure trove of knowledge waiting to be explored.In this essay, I wish to share my enthusiasm for the extraordinary world of natural science.中文：自然科学是一项迷人的领域，包含了无数的奥秘与奇观，常常激发起青少年心中的好奇。
作为一名中学生，我被生物学、化学和物理学的魔力深深吸引。
生命的多样性、化学实验室里奇特的反应以及支配我们宇宙的定律——所有这些课题都像是一座等待被发掘的知识宝库。
在这篇文章中，我希望能分享我对自然科学这个非凡世界的热情。
English:The beauty of natural science lies in its ability to explain the seemingly inexplicable.Take the concept of photosynthesis, for instance.Through this intricate process, plants convert sunlight, water,and carbon dioxide into oxygen and glucose, sustaining life on Earth.It"s mind-blowing to think that such a simple mechanism can have a profound impact on our planet"s ecosystem.This is just one of many examples that illustrate the power of natural science.中文：自然科学的魅力在于它解释看似不可思议事物的能力。
自然科学 英语
自然科学英语“自然科学”的英语是“natural science”或“physical science”。
一、翻译分析1. “natural”这个词源于拉丁语“natura”，有“自然的、天然的”意思，“science”表示“科学、知识体系”，所以“natural science”直译为“自然的科学”，也就是我们所说的自然科学，涵盖了物理学、化学、生物学、天文学等研究自然现象的学科领域。
2. “physical”也有“物质的、自然（界）的”意思，“physical science”同样表达自然科学的概念，更侧重于物质世界相关的科学研究，比如物理科学（物理学）是其中一个典型代表。
二、英语解释“Natural science is a branch of science concerned with the description, prediction, and understanding of natural phenomena, based on empirical evidence from observation and experimentation. It includes disciplines such as physics, chemistry, biology, geology, and astronomy.”（自然科学是科学的一个分支，基于观察和实验的经验证据，涉及对自然现象的描述、预测和理解。
它包括物理学、化学、生物学、地质学和天文学等学科。
）三、运用情况及例子1. 在学术研究领域- “He is engaged in natural science research, especially in the field of botany.”（他从事自然科学研究，尤其在植物学领域。
）- “Many universities have excellent natural science departments.”（许多大学有优秀的自然科学系。
自然与科学的英文作文
自然与科学的英文作文英文：Nature and science are two concepts that have been intertwined for centuries. Nature refers to the physical world and all the living organisms that inhabit it. Science, on the other hand, is the study of the physical and natural world through observation and experiment.Nature is the source of all life on Earth. It provides us with the air we breathe, the food we eat, and the water we drink. It is also the home of countless species ofplants and animals, each with its own uniquecharacteristics and adaptations. As humans, we are a partof nature, and our actions have a profound impact on the environment.Science, on the other hand, is a tool we use to understand nature. Through scientific inquiry, we can learn about the natural world and how it works. We can developnew technologies and medicines that improve our lives and the lives of other species. Science has allowed us to explore the depths of the ocean, the vastness of space, and the complexity of the human body.However, there is often a tension between nature and science. Our desire to understand and manipulate thenatural world has led to environmental destruction and the extinction of many species. We must find a way to balance our scientific pursuits with our responsibility to protect and preserve the natural world.中文：自然和科学是两个相互交织的概念，已经有几个世纪了。
关于自然的科学演讲稿英语
关于自然的科学演讲稿英语The topic of my speech today is about the science of nature. Nature is a fascinating and complex system that encompasses everything around us, from the smallest insects to the largest mountains. In this speech, I will discuss the importance of studying nature, the interconnectedness of natural systems, and the impact of human activities on the natural world.First and foremost, it is crucial to understand the significance of studying nature. By observing and studying the natural world, scientists can gain valuable insights into how the Earth functions and how living organisms interact with their environment. This knowledge is essential for developing strategies to protect and preserve the natural world for future generations.One of the most remarkable aspects of nature is its interconnectedness. Every living organism, from the tiniest microbe to the largest mammal, plays a role in the delicate balance of the ecosystem. For example, bees pollinate flowers, which allows plants to produce fruits and seeds, which in turn provide food for other animals. This interconnectedness highlights the importance of preserving all species, no matter how small or seemingly insignificant they may appear.Unfortunately, human activities have had a significant impact on the natural world. Deforestation, pollution, and climate change have all taken a toll on the environment, leading to the loss of biodiversity and the degradation of natural habitats. It is crucial for us to recognize the impact of our actions and take steps to mitigate our negative impact on the natural world.In conclusion, the science of nature is a vast and complex field that holds great importance for the future of our planet. By studying nature, we can gain valuable insights into the interconnectedness of natural systems and the impact of human activities on the environment. It is essential for us to work towards preserving and protecting the natural world for future generations. Thank you.。
《The world of science》PartⅠ PPT课件
Stranger to blue water Dark and dusty Painted on the sky Misty taste of ③__m__o_o_n_s_h_in_e__ Teardrops in my eyes Country roads，take me home To the place I belong...
11
Interviewer：Can you give us some examples? Richard：Sure.New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement
hearts and bone parts.In terms of the environment，it is now possible (7)to create an intelligent walking house.It is capable of (8)using GPS technology (9)to travel to different places，(10)with computing technology controlling its “legs”.What’s more，huge advances in solar technology mean (11)it can be eco-friendly，too. Interviewer：Impressive stuff! I’ve also been told (12)that you’re an inventor yourself.Is
that correct?
12
Richard：Yes，I am，but I’m only one member of a big team—most inventors now work as part of big international teams.
科学探究的英语作文
科学探究的英语作文Science is a fascinating field that has captivated the human mind for centuries. It is a systematic approach to understanding the world around us, driven by curiosity, observation, and the relentless pursuit of knowledge. Through scientific exploration, we have unraveled the mysteries of the universe, unlocked the secrets of the natural world, and pushed the boundaries of human understanding.At the heart of scientific inquiry lies the desire to ask questions and seek answers. Scientists are driven by an insatiable thirst for knowledge, constantly seeking to uncover the underlying principles that govern the universe. From the smallest subatomic particles to the grandest celestial bodies, the scientific method provides a framework for investigating the unknown and expanding the frontiers of human knowledge.One of the fundamental aspects of scientific exploration is the process of observation. By carefully observing the world around us, scientists gather data and identify patterns that can lead to the formulation of hypotheses. These hypotheses are then tested through experimentation, where researchers design controlled studies to validate or disprove their theories. This iterative process ofobservation, hypothesis, and experimentation is the cornerstone of the scientific method, allowing for the systematic and objective investigation of phenomena.The diversity of scientific disciplines is truly remarkable. From physics and chemistry to biology and astronomy, the scientific landscape encompasses a vast array of fields, each with its own unique set of tools, techniques, and areas of focus. This interdisciplinary nature of science fosters collaboration and cross-pollination of ideas, leading to groundbreaking discoveries and technological advancements that have transformed our world.One of the most captivating aspects of scientific exploration is the sense of wonder and awe it can inspire. As we delve deeper into the mysteries of the universe, we are confronted with the sheer vastness and complexity of the natural world. The discovery of new species, the unraveling of the genetic code, and the exploration of distant galaxies all serve to ignite our imaginations and remind us of the incredible potential of the human mind.Moreover, the pursuit of scientific knowledge has had a profound impact on our daily lives. From the development of life-saving medical treatments to the creation of revolutionary technologies, the fruits of scientific research have transformed the way we live, work, and interact with the world around us. The smartphone in yourpocket, the computer on your desk, and the electricity that powers your home are all products of scientific breakthroughs.However, the journey of scientific exploration is not without its challenges. Scientists often face obstacles in the form of limited resources, complex ethical considerations, and the inherent uncertainty that comes with pushing the boundaries of human understanding. Despite these challenges, the scientific community remains undaunted, driven by a unwavering commitment to the pursuit of truth and the betterment of humanity.In conclusion, the world of science is a captivating and ever-evolving realm that continues to captivate and inspire us. Through the systematic exploration of the natural world, the scientific method has unlocked the secrets of the universe and transformed our understanding of the world around us. As we continue to delve deeper into the unknown, the future of scientific discovery holds boundless potential, promising to unlock new frontiers of knowledge and propel humanity forward into a brighter, more enlightened future.。
科学与自然的英语作文
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自然科学 The Nature of Science
Explain how to RECORD DATA
Explain how to RECORD DATA
Data Tables • A way to record results and observations accurately • Have a descriptive title • Divided into columns & rows • Shows the independent variable • Provides a place to record the dependent variable
What is Science?
Review This slide show will present a question, followed by a slide with an acceptable answer. For some questions, there is a definite correct answer. For other questions, several answers may be correct.
What is SCIENCE?
There are several correct answers to this question; list as many as you can.
What is SCIENCE?
• A way to answer questions & solve problems • How we understand the world around us • A way or process used to investigate what is happening around you • It provides possible answers
Unit 4 Nature of Scientific Reasoning
The Nature of ScientificReasoningJacob Bronowski2Jacob Bronowski 雅各布·布朗诺斯基•Polish-Jewish, 1908-1974, British mathematician,biologis t,historian of science, theater author, poet and inventor.•“The Nature of Reasoning ”was first delivered as a lecture at the MIT and then reprinted as part of Bronowski ’s book Science and Human Values (1956).Semantic MappingMany scientific terms are made up of parts that derive from Greek.Know the meaning of the parts of a word can help you understand the meaning of the word as a whole.2014/12/31astron biosonto pharmakon physisge meteoron -logy, -ics, -ing-graphy -metry, -meter starlife being medicine or drug nature the earth or land of the atmosphere the science or study ofthe writing or drawing of the measuring of astronomy, astrology biology, biodegradable ontologypharmacological, pharmaceutical physiology, metaphysics geology, geography,geometry meteorologistmechanics, linguistics engineering, accountingautobiography asymmetry5 squares? 5 squared?52 5 cubes? 5 cubed?53CATEGORIZING WORDSPick the words that are NOT related to“reason.”spell philosophy inference deduction cult argumentation sentimentality authority ethics spirituality superstition customPre-Reading Discussion: What is your definition of"science"?Fast ReadingSkimming and spotting key information: what clue can we use?where do key info usually appear (the must-not-miss-when-doing-fast-reading parts)?Para. 1Q: Can scientific insight be called creative according to the literary man? What about the author?Task: Summarize para. 1 in one sentence.Para. 2Q: In the eyes of common readers, who are creative, writers or scientists? Why do they have these impressions?Task: Summarize para. 2 in one sentence.Para. 2 Sentence comprehensionI have had of all people a historian tell me that science is a collection of facts, and his voice had not even the ironic rasp of one filing cabinet reproving another. (last S)我接触的人当中，有位历史学家就跟我说科学就是大量事实的汇总，感觉把科学家看做存档用的文件柜一样。
科学学研究的书籍
科学学研究的书籍科学学研究是一门涵盖广泛领域的学科，它对于人类的发展和进步起着重要的作用。
下面将介绍一些经典的科学学研究的书籍，希望能够启发读者对科学学研究的兴趣和理解。
1. 《科学革命的结构》（The Structure of Scientific Revolutions）这本由托马斯·库恩所著的经典之作，探讨了科学革命的发展和演变过程。
库恩通过对科学发展历史的研究，提出了“范式”和“范式转换”的概念，揭示了科学知识的建构和变化规律，对科学学研究有着重要的影响。
2. 《科学的逻辑》（The Logic of Scientific Discovery）由卡尔·波普尔撰写的这本书，强调了科学研究的理论和实证的重要性。
波普尔提出了“反证法”和“可证伪性”等概念，强调科学理论应该具有可被证伪的性质，并通过不断的实证来推进科学的发展。
3. 《科学与假说》（The Science and Hypothesis）亨利·庞加莱这本经典著作，探讨了科学推理和假设的过程。
他强调科学推理的归纳和演绎的关系，并提出了科学理论应该具有简洁性和一致性的原则。
4. 《科学的本质》（The Nature of Science）作者约翰·阿斯特罗姆在这本书中，分析了科学的本质和特点。
他指出科学是一种系统的、可重复的、可验证的知识构建方式，强调了科学方法的重要性，并对科学的局限性进行了讨论。
5. 《科学的社会化》（The Socialization of Science）这本由穆尔顿·科恩撰写的书，探讨了科学研究的社会背景和影响因素。
科恩从社会学的角度分析了科学的发展和组织，强调了科学社群和科学共同体的作用。
6. 《科学与价值判断》（Science and Values）作者海勒·普特南在这本书中，探讨了科学研究中的伦理和价值判断问题。
他认为科学研究不可避免地受到社会和个人的价值观影响，强调了科学研究应该具有公正性和透明性。
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科學方法(三)
假設演繹法 假 設: 條 件: 推 論:
人都會死 亞里士多得是人 亞里士多得會死
檢驗推論是否與事實相符合
假設演繹法的應用
證實主義 推論與事實相符合，則假設為真 否證主義 推論與事實不相符合，則假設為誤
對否證主義批評
與證實一樣，能決定性的否證嗎? 個人願意否證其所使用的科學知識嗎? Lakotos的預言
Models (2)
Models are useful to help us to become familiar with important ideas. Unfortunately, many come to believe that models presented in science textbooks are the real thing, forgetting that a model is used only to help one conceptualize the salient features of a principle or theory, and that the mental picture is not what exists in reality.
facts of science, but also the method and its limitations as well as an appreciation of the practical and social implication
成功的科學學習包括了解科學本質與了 解科學知識，兩者代表不同面向的科學 科學家是學科專家也是公民，需要了解 其他科學，也要跟其他公民溝通科學
科學本質的內容(2-1)
向度一：定義 主題一：科學與技學 向度二：外在科學社會學 主題二：社會對科技的影響 主題三：(保留) 主題四：科技對社會的影響 主題五：學校科學對社會的影響
科學本質的內容(2-2)
向度三：內在科學社會學 主題六：科學家的特性 主題七：社會建構科學知識 主題八：社會建構技學 向度四：知識論 主題九：科學知識的本質
Science as a way of Investigating
科學是一種探討或了(理)解自然的方法 其他探討自然的方法 科學過程技能scientific process skill (SPS) 手腦並用 The scientific method vs.. anything goes
Hypothesis
科學與人 社會的關係
科學的個人面 科學家是人，自然科學家 vs. 科學公 務人員，科學家的分工 科學的團體面 (科學即社會) 科學社群的行為與一般社會團體一樣 科學的社會面 (科學在社會) 科學社群的其他社會團體一樣受到相 同的影響 信仰 經費 國家
Science as a way of Thinking
Stemming from questions that a scientist asks concerning a problem clarifying ideas, stating relationships, explaining a pattern or predicting an outcome setting up a situation so they can be tested tentative statements 科學探討的第一個步驟 (hypothesizing)
Models (1)
A scientific model is the representation of something that we cannot see. These models become mental images that are used to represent phenomena and other abstract ideas. Sometimes there are no sharp distinction among models , hypotheses, and theories.
What is about science? Social Study of Science, SSS Philosophy, History, Sociology, Psychology (PHS) The absence of consensus
Multiple Natures of Sciences
Science is a human activity that can be characterized by the thinking that occurs in the minds of people who participate in it. Scientific work is a creative activity whereby ideas and explanations are constructed in the mind. Individuals possess attitudes, beliefs, and values that motivate them to answer questions and solve problems.
Science as a body of Knowledge
科學的產物 單一事件 普遍化敘述
科學的企圖 -- 普遍化敘述
Facts
科學知識的基本單位 可直接觀察 & 可操弄 自然界尚有很多事件例外 歷史事件 太小 太大
Facts have little meanings by themselves. They are raw material in a sense and must be examined to form meaningful ideas and relationships.
Ａ utilitarian argument
if people are to make sense of the science and manage the technological objects and processes they encounter in everyday life 科學知識的本質 Understanding: 知識的侷限性與適用 性 Assessing: 知識來源的可靠性 科學方法的本質 The-scientific-method myth
科學方法(一)
演繹法 大前提: 人都會死 小前提: 亞里士多得是人 結 論: 亞里士多得會死 合乎邏輯 但保守，不能創新知識
科學方法(二)
歸納法 第一隻烏鴉是黑的 第二隻烏鴉是黑的 第三隻烏鴉是黑的 第N隻烏鴉是黑的 所有烏鴉都是黑的 跳躍冒險，但創新知識
歸納法的誤謬
循環證明的不適當 歸納法的支持 Naïve Induction=fundamental reason 到目前歸納法是最好的
The Nature of Science
科學的本質 科學是甚麼? 林 陳 涌 國立台灣師範大學生物學系
活動一
介紹同學
• 找一個人當被介紹者 • 找兩個人當介紹者
請介紹人先後介紹備介紹人 比較兩者介紹的內容
活動二
討論甚麼是科學
• 六六小組討論法 • 儘量多方陳述意見,不一定要建立共識
各組報告
科學本質的意義
Laws
Empirical generalizations If…….then Cause-effect
Concepts
Patterns and connections among data 概念的五個元素
NAME, DEFINITION, ATTRIBUTES, VALUES, EXAMPLE
Mathematics
At a very deep level, mathematics helps us to express models of situations that we cannot see. With its power, Math helps to describe and predict the behavior of subjects and events. 量化科學 vs. 質的科學
Experimentation
A planned intervention by which one can probe nature’s secret, which seem to be tightly guarded and often disguised. When one experiments, events are introduced producing relationships that can be studied carefully. (變項 依變項) We must guard against placing ultimate trust in experimentation for evidece.
科學知識的結構性
科學知識是孤立的嗎? Lakotos 的 Programmes Kuhn 的 Paradigm Lauden 的 Research tradition
科學知識的發展性
One shot? 科學知識的產生 科學知識的發展 科學知識的接受與拒絕
科學社群
決定科學知識不是理論或證據本身 決定科學知識的單位 科學家(人) 科學社群
範圍: Natural Sciences (Technology, Social Sciences) 仍存在灰色地帶 歷史因素 古希羅 科學大革命 20世紀初 20世 紀末 學科因素 物質科學 地球科學 生命科學 (各科內部)
科學本質的內容(1)
科學知識的本質 科學方法(探討)的本質 科學事業的本質(社會層面)
Observation
獲得科學知識的基石 客觀的觀察 直接與間接的觀察 Theory-laden
Goethe: We see only what we know. Beveridge: What people observe in a situation depends upon their interest. Often the observer focuses attention on what is expected, thus missing unexpected occurrence and valuable facts.