英语阅读理解题型解析
阅读理解主要在阅读速度和提取梳理信息的准度，需要平时英语阅读的限时练习。
题型分析：主旨大意题，细节理解题，推理判断题(含写作意图、目的等)，词义猜测题。
一、主旨大意题
1.归纳标题
特点:短小精悍；涵盖性强。
精确性强，表达范围要恰当,不能随意改变语意程度或色彩。
2.概括大意题
包括段落大意和文章中心思想
解题技巧
对于议论文和说明文，这两种文体的结构可归纳为:：提出问题一-论述问题--得出结论或者阐明观点。
关键：抓主题句
主题句的位置：
（1）文章的开头或结尾。主题句具有简洁性、概括性的特点。
段首:看首句与第二，三句的关系;如从第二句就开始对第一句进行说明，论述或描述。那第一句就是主题句。注意主题句后面一般有明显引出细节的信号词如for example, an example of; first, second, next, last, finally; to begin with, also, besides; one, the other; some, others等。如果已经能够理解主题句，那么这些词后的内容可以略看，如果不理解主题句，后面的内容则可帮忙理解主题句。
段尾:开头列举事实,最后论证作者的核心论点。因此，如果第一-句话不是综合性的话，可先快速读一读段落的最后-个句子，看看它是否为主题句。但-般，当一种观点不易向人解释清楚或不易被人接受时，主题句才会在末尾出现，所以前面的内容也不能忽略。
结尾主题句信号词。像so，therefore，thus，consequently; in conclusion，in short; in a word, to sum up这种表表总结性的词。当无明显的此类信号时，可在段落的最后一句话前面添加一个引出结论的信号词,以确定其是否是主题句。
段中:先介绍背景和细节，接着用一句综合性的话概括前面所说的内容或事例，然后再围绕主题展开对有关问题的深入讨论。
一般结构为:先提出问题，然后给予回答(主题句)，最后进行解释。
首尾呼应:主题句可能会在段落的开头和结尾两个位置上都先后出现，形成前呼后应的格局。此时这两个句子并非简单重复，后一个主题句或对该主题作最后的评述，或对要点概括，可以引申思考。
【找主题句也是快速理解段意，文意的有效方法】
无明确主题句:找关键词(出现频率较高) , 归纳总结。
注意
主旨题题型的干扰项有，
(1) 表述过于片面，只涵盖该段个别细节;或描述文章中的具体细节
(2)表述太过于笼统，已超出该段的内容;
(3)表述与段落内容无关，在段落中找不到相关依据
二、细节理解题：涉及时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果、数字等
议论文中例证细节和定义类细节。这类题:答案一-般都能在文章中找到。但并不- -定是文章中的原句，很多需要是同义代换。
1.事实细节题→寻读法
直接型和间接型，直接型如who, what, which, when, where, why和how提问，或判断正误;
间接型需与原文信息转换，表达上与原文有差异。如What can we learn from the passage?
AlI the following are mentioned except？
Which of the following is mentioned (not mentioned)?
2.排序题≥首尾定位法(找出第-个事件和最后一个事件，用排除法缩小范围)
常出现在记叙文和说明文中，-般按事件发生的顺序。如问:
Which of the following is the correct order ?
3.数字计算题→(方法:审题→带着问题找细节→对比、分析、计算)可直接找到相关细节，但需经过计算方可找到答案。
三、推理判断题
对文章中隐含或深层的含意的理解，需要根据文章内容做出合乎逻辑的推断，注意对作者观点的理解，
题设：infer(推断), indicate(象征，暗示), imply/suggest(暗示), conclude, assume(假定，设想).
1.细节推理判断题
可根据短文提供的信息或借助生活常识进行推理判断，常见命题形式有:
It can be inferred/ concluded from the text that.
The author implies/ suggests that.
2.预测推理判断题
根据语篇对文章接下来的内容或可能的结局进行猜测，常见命题形
式有:
At the end of this passage, the writer might continue to write_____
3.推测文章来源或读者对象：
The passage is probably take out of_
Where does this text probably come from?
4.写作意图、目的、态度推断题
作者的语气态度往往不会直接写在文章里，要通过细读文章，从作者的选词及其修饰手段中体会。
询问写作目的的题，选项里常出现的词有: explain(解释), prove (证明), persuade(劝说), advise(劝告), comment(评论), praise(赞扬),criticize(批评), entertain(娱乐), demonstrate(举例说明), argue(辩论),tell(讲述), analyze(分析)等。
询问语气态度的题，选项里常出现的词是: neutral( 中立的)，sympathetic(同情的), satisfied(满意的), friendly(友好的),enthusiastic(热情的), subjective(主观的), objective(客观的), matter-
of-fact(实事求是的), pessimisti(悲观的), optimistic(乐观的),critical(批评的), doubtful(怀疑的), hostile(敌对的), indifferent(冷淡的),disappointed(失望的)。【这些单词一定要认识。】
题设有:
The purpose of the text is…
What is the main purpose of the author writing the text?
By mentioning_.. the author aims to show that_
The author's tone in this passage is
解答技巧
推断题是要透过文章表面的文字信息进行分析，必须以事实为依据，切莫主观臆断。
①文章中直接陈述的内容不能选，要选择根据文章推理出来的选项。
②)推理不是凭空猜测，而是立足已知推断未知;作出正确答案时一定要在文中找到依据
③要忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据。不能以自己的观点代替作者的想法，不要脱离原文主观臆断。
四、词义猜测题
题设：
①猜测某个词、词组、句子的意义
②对文中的多义词或词组进行定义
③判断某个代词的指代的对象。常见命题形式有:
The underlined word/phrase in the second paragraph means,
The word "it/they" in the last sentence refers to_
The word“..”. (Line 6. para.2) probably means
Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word“..”?
解答技巧
1.通过因果关系猜词
首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，然后才能猜词。文章会借助关联词(如because, as, since, for, so, thus，as a result, of course, therefore等等)表示前因后果。
例如: You shouldn't have blamed him for that, for it wasn't his fault.通过for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错)，可猜出blame的词义是"责备"。
2.通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词
通过同义词猜词，一是要看由and或or连接的同义词词组，如happy and gay，即使我们不认识gay这个词，也可以知道它是愉快的意思;
二是看在进一-步解释的过程中使用的同义词，如Man has known something about the planets Venus. Mars，and Jupiter with the help of spaceships.此句中的Venus(金星)、Mars(火星)、Jupiter(木星)均为生词，但只要知道planets就可猜出这几个词都属于"行星"这一义域。
通过反义词猜词，-是看表转折关系的连词或副词，如but, while, however等;
二是看与not搭配的或表示否定意义的词语，
如: He is so homely, not at all as handsome as his brother.根据not at all as..handsome可推测出homely，即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。
3.通过构词法猜词
前缀、后缀、复合、派生等构词知识判断生词词义。
4.通过定义或释义关系来推测词义
例如: But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time. Then there is a dry period, or drought.从drought所在句子的.上文我们得知很久不下雨，于是便有一段干旱的时期，即drought, 意思为"久旱"，”旱灾"。而a dry period和drought是同义语。这种同义或释义关系常由is，or, that is, in other words, be called或破折号等来表示。
5.通过句法功能来推测词义
例如: Bananas，oranges, pineapples, coconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas.假如pineapples和coconuts是生词,我们可以从这两个词在句中所处的位置来判断它们大致的意思。从中可知pineapples, coconuts和bananas, oranges是同类关系,
同属fruit类，因此它们是两样水果，准确地说，是菠萝和椰子。
6.通过描述猜词
描述即作者对该人或该物作出的外在相貌或内在特征的描写。例如:
The penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South Pole. It is fat and walks in a funny way. Although it cannot fly, it can swim in the icy water to catch the fish.从例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一种生活在南极的鸟类。后面更详尽地描述了该鸟类的生活习性。
7.根据常识猜词
Afraid of waking the baby up, she tiptoed out of the room. (tiptoed “踮着脚走，蹑手蹑脚")
初中英语阅读理解常见题型及答题技巧[1]
初中英语阅读理解常见题型及答题技巧 从近几年的中考阅读理解情况看，短文体裁多样，题材各异，文章涉及科学知识、社会文化、政治历史、人文环境和日常生活等方面，充分体现其时代性、实用性。短文难度逐年加大。常见题型有主旨题、细节题、推断题、猜测词义题和正误判断题。 做阅读理解练习应先看问题，弄清考点。在阅读短文之前，快速浏览问题，以便在阅读短文时做到心中有数，快速、准确地捕捉所要信息。先易后难。做题时不必拘泥于书中所呈现的语篇顺序，应遵循先易后难的原则。如可先做细节题再做推断题，因为细节题大多能直接从文中找到答案，而推断题则需对短文进行深层理解，再作判断。 （一）主旨题 主旨题主要考查学生对短文中心思想或作者意图的掌握。做此类题时，应通读全文，理解文章大意，充分理解主题句的意义。短文往往围绕主题句展开，主题句通常出现在短文第一句或最后一句。 （二）细节题 细节题是用来进一步表达主题，体现中心思想的，往往针对短文某个细节来设题。做此类题时，应快速捕捉信息，可能是一些事例、数字等，阅读时要有针对性。 （三）推断题 推断题就是根据某个事实推断结论，主要考查学生的理解力和推断力。这类推断通常包括：数据事实推断、常识推断以及作者的写作目的、态度和倾向等的推断。做此类题时，应根据短文中的相关语句，对与事实有关的细节加以分析，找出线索，悟出字里行间的意思，反复比较，从而作出合乎逻辑的判断。 （四）猜测词义题 猜测词义题主要考查学生根据上下文正确判断灵活变化的词义能力。一般情况下，推断词义的题目中所出现的单词，大多数是学生未曾见过的生词，学生需要在该词出现的上下文中去寻找线索。通过阅读上下文，断定该词的真正含义，然后将这个释义代入文中，检查是否贴切，仔细比较直到得出该词的确切的含义。 （五）正误判断题 正误判断题主要考查学生对文章的具体事实、信息的理解能力。一般是根据文章的事实或细节，给出一个句子，判断其正误。这类题比较直接，难度相对较小。做此类题时，应先看题，后带着“问题”快速阅读短文，寻找所需要的信息。初中英语阅读理解题已成为评估学生英语水平的重要测试题型，在中考英语试卷中所占比重较大。阅读理解题主要是考查学生综合运用所学语言知识的能力，包括细节理解能力、词义判断能力、归纳概括能力及逻辑推理能力等。大致来说，阅读理解题主要针对如下方面：（1）个别词语或句子；（2）某一细节或情节；（3）主题；（4）背景知识；（5）结论或结局；（6）内涵隐意或寓意等。下面本人就根据阅读理解题的题型特点，来谈一些答题技巧。 一、直接理解题 这种题目比较简单，只要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节就可以解答出来，有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案。此类题目的出题形式很多，例如：
(英语)初三英语阅读理解解析版汇编含解析
一、中考英语阅读理解汇编 1．阅读下面的材料，判断下列句子是否符合短文内容。 More and more people are using mobile phones now. Smart phones are used as televisions, cameras, and music players. They are also used for sending e-mails or surfing the Internet. If someone talks about mobile phones, many Chinese will think of Huawei. In China, even in the world, Huawei is a wonder （奇迹）. Ren Zhengfei built up （创建）Huawei company in 1987. The company sold 58.4 million smart phones in the first season of 2019. Huawei has got the second place at the mobile market. Now, Huawei has been the leader in 5G field. It has more than 75, 000 top engineers and scientists on research. They try their best to bring digital （数码） and high technology to every person and place. It's more convenient for modern people to live in a rapid way. What a useful technology 5G is! We are looking forward to seeing a stronger Huawei. It provides a faster and better communication way for us. It also brings "Created in China" to the world. （1）You can use Huawei mobile phones to take photos. （2）Ren Zhengfei set up Huawei company in 1987. （3）Huawei has got the first place at the mobile market. （4）Few top engineers and scientists work on research in Huawei company. （5）Huawei gives us a slower communication way. 【答案】（1）1 （2）1 （3）0 （4）0 （5）0 【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是华为手机和5G技术的发展情况。 （1）细节理解题。根据Smart phones are used as televisions, cameras, and music players. 智能手机被用作电视、相机和音乐播放器。可知可以照相。故答案为：正确。 （2）细节理解题。根据Ren Zhengfei built up （创建） Huawei company in 1987。任正非于1987年创建华为公司。故答案为：正确。 （3）细节理解题。根据Huawei has got the second place at the mobile market. 华为在移动市场排名第二。故华为在移动市场上占据第一。故答案为：错误。 （4）细节理解题。根据It has more than 75, 000 top engineers and scientists on research. 它
中考英语阅读理解培优训练(附解析)
中考英语阅读理解培优训练(附解析) 一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．阅读理解 Some people think only school children do not agree with their parents, however, it is not true. Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. If it's hard for you to communicate with your parents, don't worry about it. Here are some advice for you to bridge the generation gap （代沟）. Don't argue （争辩） with your parents. Don't get to your parents when you are angry. Your parents probably won't consider your ideas if you are shouting at them. And you can't express yourself well if you are angry. Go someplace to cool off. Make sure you understand why you are unhappy. Then think about what you want to say to your parents. If you don't think you can speak to them at the moment, try writing a letter. Try to reach a compromise （和解）. Perhaps you and your parents disagree on something. You can keep your disagreement and try your best to accept each other. Michael's mother didn't agree with him about buying a motorcycle. They argued over it. But they finally came to a compromise. Michael bought the motorcycle, but only drove it on certain days. Of course, your parents might refuse to compromise on something. In these situations, it is especially important to show love and respect （尊敬） to them. Showing respect will keep your relationship strong. Talk about your values. The values of your parents are probably different from those of your own. Tell your parents what you care about, and why. Understanding your values might help them see your purposes in life. A good relationship with your parents can make you a better and happier person. It is worth having a try! （1）According to the passage who have a communication problem? A. parents and other people B. only school kids and their parents C. teachers and their students D. parents and children of all ages （2）How many pieces of advice does the writer give us to bridge the generation gap? A. 5. B. 4. C. 3. D. 2. （3）The underlined word "bridge" in the passage means "___________". A. 建立 B. 消除 C. 通过 D. 到达 （4）If the values of your parents are different from those of yours, you'd better ___________. A. argue with them B. keep away from them C. agree with them all the time D. tell your parents what you care about （5）The best title for the passage is ___________.
【阅读】高中英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧
阅读理解能力测试的主要要求是： 1．阅读材料，理解材料的主旨大意，以及用以说明主旨大意的事实和细节。2．既理解具体的事实，也理解抽象的概念。 3．既理解文章的字面意思，也理解深层含义，包括作者的态度、意图等。 4．既理解某句、某段的含义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并据此进行推理和判断。5．既能根据所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应具有的常识去理解判断。 根据这五项要求，我们可将阅读理解多项选择题归纳为以下几种题型：主题主旨大意，细节理解题，综合推理题，概括归纳题，观点归纳题，人物评价题，词义句义理解题，指代关系题，内容排序题等。 下面结合自己平时教学中的经验体会，谈一谈做英语阅读理解题的技巧与策略。 一．主旨大意题 阅读理解首先要做到的就是掌握所读材料的主旨和大意，它是全文的概括与总结。能否抓住这个中心，取决于读者的总结能力。每篇短文都有其主题思想，而作者表现主题思想的手法各不相同。这就需要我们挖掘相同点，寻找解题的方法。 常见题型： 1．主题型： What’s the main idea of this passage ? What does this passage mainly discuss? What’s the topic of this passage ? 2．标题型： What’s the best title? The best title for this text is (to tell ) ————. 3．目的型： The main purpose of this text is ————. The author’s purpose o f writing this text is to ————. What’s the main purpose of the passage?
【英语】 英语阅读理解专题练习(及答案)及解析
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【英语】中考英语阅读理解真题
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(英语)英语阅读理解试题类型及其解题技巧
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(英语)英语阅读理解专项习题及答案解析
（英语）英语阅读理解专项习题及答案解析 一、阅读理解 1．根据短文内容选择正确答案。 D If you could see a movie of your life before you lived it, would you want to live it? Probably not. The excitement of living is that you don’t know what’s coming. Sure, it’s hard to see uncertainty in such positive（积极的）light when you’re out of work, or when you feel like you’re failing. But uncertainty is really another word for chance. When Allison graduated from Harvard, she had chan ces all over the place but had no idea what she wanted to do. She took a job in consulting（咨询）, but she knew she wouldn’t stay there. She took the GRE and scored so high that she was able to increase her income（收入）by teaching students. Still, she didn’t think she wanted to go to graduate school. Allison knew she w asn’t doing what she wanted, but she didn’t know what she wanted. She worried. All her friends were going to graduate school or starting their own businesses. She was lost and felt that she would never find anything out. After six years, Allison, by having a general（全面的）plan in mind, got married, moved to the Midwest, and used her consulting experience to get a great job. Allison realized that she spent her years finding her way: time well spent, and time we must all take if we’re being honest with ours elves. The only way to lead an interesting life is to face uncertainty and make a choice. Otherwise your life is not your own—it is a path someone else has chosen. Moments of uncertainty are when you create your life, when you become who you are. Uncertainty usually begins with a job hunt, but it doesn’t end there. Every new role we take on means another round of uncertainty. Instead of fearing it, you should find some ways to deal with uncertainty. （1）From the first two paragraphs, we can learn that . A. being out of work is a sad thing B. uncertainty is what makes life interesting C. life in a film is more exciting than real life. D. chance never appears when we need it （2）What troubles Allison after graduation? A. She couldn’t find a well-paid job. B. She had no money to start a business. C. She was not sure what to do. D. She didn’t score high enough for graduate school. （3）How did Allison feel about her six years’ working experience? A. Uncertain. B. Amazed . C. Sorry. D. Satisfied. （4）What may be discussed in the following paragraph?
初中英语阅读理解常见题型及答题技巧
初中英语阅读理解常见题型及答题技巧
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2.浏览全文，掌握全貌 如果时间紧，至少要快速通读全文，尤其是首两段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来，这样全文的梗概便一目了然了。 3.细读题目，抓住要点 对整篇短文内容有了一定的了解后，要马上看短文后的问题，带着问题去选择或判断答案。要确定所需查找的信息范围，并注意所查找信息的特点。例如：如果问题或选项涉及到人名、地名，就应该找首字母大写的单词；如果问题或选项涉及时间、日期、数字，就应该寻找具体的数据。另外还要注意试题难易，应暂时绕开那些少数较难的题目，先做最有把握、最熟悉的题目，也就是该类题可以直接或间接从文章中找到的。而对于那些要通过对文章归纳判断、逻辑推理的题目，需要再对全文快速阅读，仔细分析思考，反复比较、推敲选出正确答案。若文章短可先读短文，后看文后题目；如果文章太长，你可以先把文章后面的问题看一遍，带着问题去看文章。这样可以帮助你去掉杂念，提高阅读速度和解题的正确性。要善于找关键句，特别要注意文章的第一段和最后一段的头一句话，往往就是关键句，可以帮助你掌握文章的全貌，理解文章的主题。此外，还应该细读文章，因为有时的试题是考细节。可以边读边用铅笔做点标记，把
中考英语阅读理解本章综合与测试(解析版)
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