英汉翻译12英语长句的翻译
英语长句的翻译( briefed)
1. 英汉句子结构的差异
Synthetic vs. Analytic Compact vs. Diffusive Hypotactic vs. Paratactic Complex vs. Simple
汉语长句 流水句，竹节句
①I put on my clothes by the light of a half-moon / ②just setting,/ ③where rays strew near my cribs. 我趁着正要落下去的半个月亮的亮光穿上衣服； 我趁着正要落下去的半个月亮的亮光穿上衣服；月光 从小床边窄窄的窗子射了进来。 从小床边窄窄的窗子射了进来。
Corporations such as Microsoft, Compaq and Intel are but a few examples of American companies whose early growth was facilitated by venture capital investments.（定语从句的处理） （定语从句的处理）
②一轮半月正徐徐落下， ③微弱的月光透过床边狭窄的窗 一轮半月正徐徐落下， 子洒了进来， 我借着月光穿上了衣服。 子洒了进来， ①我借着月光穿上了衣服。 句子的分解,语序的重新安排 句子的分解 语序的重新安排, 体现了英汉句式结构和思维 语序的重新安排 方式的差异. 方式的差异 英语：突出主体，把背景放在后面,形式上避免头重脚轻 形式上避免头重脚轻。 英语：突出主体，把背景放在后面 形式上避免头重脚轻。 汉语: 先铺垫背景, 意义重心结尾. 形式上被分解了, 汉语 先铺垫背景 意义重心结尾 形式上被分解了 不会出 现头重脚轻. 现头重脚轻
英汉长句翻译练习及答案
英汉长句翻译练习：1.I think we should be worried about the values that are nurturing the new generation.2.A writer’s work is a constant struggle to get the right word in the right place, to find that particular word that will convey his meaning exactly, that will persuade the reader or soothe him or amuse him.3.An eminent American historian, Barbara Tuchman, who has been highly acclaimed for her narrative histories, gained her first significant recognition in 1958.4.My brother’s laugh, which was very infectious, broke the silence.5.If you reach Chicago by train and spend only an hour or two there you will feel the light wind off the lake which gives it the name “Windy City”.6.They turned a deaf ear to our demands, which enraged all of us.7.I have met children who not only aregrowing emotionally and intellectually but also are trying to make sense of the world morally.8.There was a man who seemed to have the answers, and who was Mr. Robert.9.The kapok is in blossom that heralds the early spring.10.The computer, which seems to play the role of a human brain, is often called an electronic brain.11.There is no bad habit that may not be cured by a strong will-power.12.The newswoman wishes to write an article that will attract public attention to that shipwreck.13.You would have to be careful not to offend the boss, who would give you thesack at any time.14.The cook turned pale, and asked the housemaid to shut the door, who asked Tom, who asked the tinker, who pretended not to hear.15.The medical waste that has fouled beaches in the New York region at the peak of the summer season has taken its toll on business all along the shore, driving vacationers away both from beaches that have been closed and from those that have remained open.16.All members, in order to ensure to all of them the rights and benefits resulting from membership, shall fulfill in good faith the obligations assumed by them in accordance with the present Charter.puter language may range fromdetailed low level close to that immediately understood by the particular computer, to the sophisticated high level which can be rendered automatically acceptable to a wide range of computers.参考译文：I think we should be worried about the values that are nurturing the new generation. 我想我们应该为培育下一代的价值理念感到担忧。
英汉翻译(12)英语长句的翻译
2. Translation of English Complex Sentences
• （A）顺序法： • 4) A day or two before I sailed a man who owned a number of pearlers came to me and asked whether on my way I would stop at the island of Trebucket and leave a sack of flour, another of rice, and some magazines for the hermit who lived there. • 开航前一两天，有个拥有几条采珠船的船主来 找我，问我能否顺路在特里巴克特岛停一下，给 那里的隐士捎一袋面粉，一袋大米和几份杂志。
• 2) It was dark on the Old Wharf, very dark; the whole sheds, the cattle trucks, the cranes standing up so high, the little squat railway engine, all seemed carved out of solid darkness, here and there on a rounded wood-pile, that was like the stalk of a huge black mushroom, there hung a lantern, but it seemed afraid to unfurl its timid, quivering light in all that blackness; it burned softly, as if for itself. • 旧码头上黑咕隆咚的。羊毛货棚、载牛货车， 高高竖立的吊车，矮墩墩的火车头，全都是黑糊 糊的一片，难辩轮廓。码头上，每个圆木桩（象 很大的黑色蘑菇的柄）上，挂着一盏灯，好象怕 羞似的，只把那颤悠悠的微光撒向黑暗。它柔和 地照着，好象只照着自己。
英语翻译长句的翻译--练习
汉译英1. 夺取这个胜利，已经是不要很久的时间和不要花费很大的力气了；巩固这个胜利，则是要很长的时间和要花费很大的力气的事情。
2. 他小的时候，他妈叫他去买红塘，他买了白糖回来。
3. 虽然中国妇女在平等方面取得了巨大的进步,但还未完全实现平等就业机会。
4. 我想，富人们大概过不惯冷清的郊野的冬天，都集向热闹的城市里去了。
I think it is fact that 前动词定话who5. 一个春天的傍晚，园中百花怒放，父母在园中设宴，一时宾客云集，笑语四溢。
6. 冬天，在四周围都是山地的这里，看见太阳的日子真实太少了。
今天，难得雾是这么稀薄，空中融融地混合着金黄的阳光，把地上的一切，好像也照上一层欢笑的颜色。
7. 这对夫妇不久前添置了一套新家具，现在又买了辆新车，他们家的情况一定是好转起来了。
8. 如果是20年前来到张家界国家森林公园，泥泞的山路可能会让游客的兴致打一些折扣。
9. 红十字会已开始一项重大的克隆工程，该工程与培育用于器官捐献的转基因猪有关。
11. 必须采取措施，改善投资环境，切实制止对企业乱摊乱排、乱收费的错误做法。
12. 她坐在那儿注视着，觉得眼前的景象，既是始终如一，又是变化多端，既是光彩夺目，又是朦胧黑暗，既是庄严肃穆，又是轻松愉快。
13. 经过整整一个未眠之夜，办公室里的所有人都显得苍白，眼睛下方都暴出了黑眼圈。
14. 孩子要喂，房间要收拾，我不得不赶在商店关门之前去买蔬菜和猪肉。
15. 有时候，在工作中重要的倒是能否处理好人际关系而不是有多大的才能。
人际关系就是一种善于听取别人意见，体察别人的需要，虚心接受批评的能力。
善于处理人际关系的人敢于承认错误，敢于承担自己的责任，这是对待错误的一种成熟和负责任的态度。
这就是为什么许多平平庸庸的公司雇员在大调整中保住了位置，而有才能的人反而下岗。
因为他们很注意处理各方面的关系，所以八面玲珑，到处有缘。
而人际关系差的人往往不能处理好批评。
英语长句的翻译
It’s autumn now. But the rain kept falling, without any sign of sunshine and coolness. It reminds me of the autumn days in Peking: the shiny days, and the pale sun light falling on the ancient walls. Looking up to the clear blue sky, you will see flocห้องสมุดไป่ตู้s of doves whistling and flying around. Their pure white feathers reflect the dazzling sunlight, which turns into silver shine when getting into your eyes.
美国人民能否摆脱奴隶制，成为自由人； 美国人民能否摆脱奴隶制，成为自由人； 能否合法拥有私有财产； 能否合法拥有私有财产 ； 能否使自己的住 宅和农庄免遭洗劫和毁坏； 宅和农庄免遭洗劫和毁坏 ； 能否避免陷入 任何人类努力都无法拯救的悲惨境地—决 任何人类努力都无法拯救的悲惨境地 决 定这一切的时刻已迫在眉睫。 定这一切的时刻已迫在眉睫。
The bells are wuthering, changing melodies as the wind swaying. The ancient city is in all peaceful solemnity. Perhaps she is always alert, listening to the enthusiastic salutation from her sons and daughters.
分译法与合译法
顺序法是指有些英语长句的叙事层次
与汉语相仿，基本上可按原文顺序译
出，为了使前后语气衔接，可增加必 要的词语。例如：
I suppose that if a man has a confused mind he will write in a confused way, if he has a quick, darting intelligence that is reminded by the matter in hand of a hundred things, he will, unless he has great self-control, load his pages with metaphor and simile.
汉语长句呈现出一种竹式结构。在表 达一些较复杂的思想时，往往借助动 词，按动作发生的顺序，或逻辑顺序， 逐步交待，层层展开，有如一根竹子， 一节节连下去。
英语多前重心，汉语多后重心。
在表达复杂思想时，英语往往是判断或结 论等在前，事实或描写等在后，即重心在 前；汉语则是由因到果、由假设到推论、 由事实到结论，即重心在后。例如：
And he knew how ashamed he would have been if she had known his mother and the kind of place in which he was born, and the kind of people among whom he was born.
在表达阶段，先将每个划开的单 句逐一翻译，然后将译出的句子 进行调整和组合，最后对译文进 行加工润色。
长句翻译的处理方法有两种：一是 大致按原文句子结构顺序进行翻译 （简称顺序法），二是按照汉语的 逻辑顺序进行翻译（简称变序法）。
英汉长句的翻译
2.3.4 时间状语从句提前 It is probably easier for teachers than for students to appreciate the reasons why learning English seems to become increasingly difficult once the basic structures and patterns of the language have been understood. 一旦了解英语的基本结构和句型，再往下学似乎 就越来越难了，这其中的原因，也许教师比学生 更容易理解。
English-Chinese Trans Nhomakorabeaation
英译汉的长句翻译
1. Knowing about Translation
原序和换序译法 拆分译法 重组法
2. Translation Practice
英语重形合，句子结构可以借助各种 连接手段加以扩展和组合构成复杂的长句。 这类长句可由若干分句、子句、多种短语 及词组构成。而汉语多意合，连词运用得 较少，结构较为自由，以短句居多。因此 正确处理长句的翻译是确保译文忠实、通 顺的重要环节。
2.3.2 目的状语从句提前
A student of mathematics must become familiar with all the signs and symbols commonly used in mathematics and bear them in mind firmly, and be well versed in the definitions, formulas as well as the technical terms in the field of mathematics, in order that he may be able to build up the foundation of the mathematical subject and master it well for pursuing advanced study .
汉英翻译-长句的翻译课件
方式，人物的形象也跃然纸上。可以说，
两种译文各有千秋，但这种情况下，还是 译文2胜出，因为其较好的包流量人物的形 象。
• 三、宾语
农学家深知繁育我们今天所能得到的各种玉米花费了（农 民们）好几百年的时光。 【译文】farm experts know that it has taken hundreds of
• 2、矿物燃料每年释放52亿公吨二氧 化碳进入大气，同时热带森林的燃烧 大约释放出18亿公吨二氧化碳——这 两方面都对二氧化碳的集结产生作用， 因而会引发温室效应。
• 【译文】Fossil fuels set off 5.2
billion metric tons of CO₂ into the
aical forests emits roughly 1.8
• 【译文2】“you’re a nice one!” she said. “you made me mix all this ink for you this morning, sat down in a state of great enthusiasm, wrote just three characters, threw down the brush again, rushed out, and left me waiting here all day for you to come back and finish. Now you just sit down here and use this ink up, and perhaps I’ll let the matter pass!”(霍 克斯 译)
• 【点评】原句虽然较长，但分析后不难得出句意 间的因果关系。先是总述其结果，其后是句子的 原因状语“因为经济上不去”，最后又做了详细 的分述。句子中这种先果后因的顺序正好与英语 思维一致，因此我们可以采用顺译法来处理此句 中的状语成分。
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（C）逆序法：
• 6) He had flown in just the day before from Georgia where he had spent his vacation basking in he Caucasian sun after the completion of the construction job he had been engaged in in the South. • 他本来在南方从事一项建筑工程；任务 完成后，他就上格鲁吉亚去度假，享受高 加索的阳光，昨天才坐飞机回来。
• 2) It was dark on the Old Wharf, very dark; the whole sheds, the cattle ucks, the cranes standing up so high, the little squat railway engine, all seemed carved out of solid darkness, here and there on a rounded wood-pile, that was like the stalk of a huge black mushroom, there hung a lantern, but it seemed afraid to unfurl its timid, quivering light in all that blackness; it burned softly, as if for itself. • 旧码头上黑咕隆咚的。羊毛货棚、载牛货车， 高高竖立的吊车，矮墩墩的火车头，全都是黑糊 糊的一片，难辩轮廓。码头上，每个圆木桩（象 很大的黑色蘑菇的柄）上，挂着一盏灯，好象怕 羞似的，只把那颤悠悠的微光撒向黑暗。它柔和 地照着，好象只照着自己。
1. Translation of English Compound Sentences
• 1) It is as if the wounded man's hand is upon the curtain which hangs before the revelations of all existence ─ the meaning of ants, potentates, wars, cities, sunshine, snow, a feather dropped from a bird's wing; and the power of it sheds radiance upon a bloody form, and makes the other men understand sometimes that they are little. • 仿佛伤者的手正放在拉上的幕布里面，一揭开就可以把 一切造化的奥秘呈现在人们的眼前；诸如蚂蚁，当权者、 战争、城市、阳光、白雪、以及从鸟翅上掉落的羽毛等等 各自内在的含义。这种威力使他血污的躯体发光生辉，使 旁人有时意识到自己的渺小。
• 3) He refilled their glasses with Chablish and said, "of course, but Mother..." I missed some of the conversation then, because the eldest Japanese gentleman leant across the table, with a smile and a little bow, and uttered a whole paragraph like the mutter from an aviary, while everyone bent towards him and smiled and listened, and I couldn't help attending to him myself. • 他给他们的杯子又斟上夏布利酒，说，“没错儿，不过 我妈……”下面一段对话没有听清，因为最年长的那位日 本绅士笑容满面地向前探了探身子，微微鞠了一躬，然后 象鸟舍里发出的叽叽喳喳声一般说了一大段话，而其他人 都满脸堆笑点头哈腰地听着，于是我也情不自禁低注意起 他来了。
2. Translation of English Complex Sentences
• （A）顺序法： • 4) A day or two before I sailed a man who owned a number of pearlers came to me and asked whether on my way I would stop at the island of Trebucket and leave a sack of flour, another of rice, and some magazines for the hermit who lived there. • 开航前一两天，有个拥有几条采珠船的船主来 找我，问我能否顺路在特里巴克特岛停一下，给 那里的隐士捎一袋面粉，一袋大米和几份杂志。
（B）调序法：
• 5) Realizing she was about to die in the jail where she had been tortured almost to death, the woman leader of Hong Hu Red-guards Army asked her comrades to bury her on the headland by the side of highway with a hope to let her watch the victorious march of the conquering People's Liberation Army in the near future. • 洪湖赤卫队的女队长，在狱中被折磨的要死， 知道自己已活不成了，就叫同志们把她葬在公路 边的山头上，希望在不久的将来，望着那战无不 胜的人民解放军胜利进军。