0.9V超低功耗MCU选型指南
ST STM32L072xx超低功耗MCU开发方案B-L072Z-LRWAN1（英文）
ST STM32L072xx超低功耗MCU开发方案B-L072Z-
LRWAN1（英文）
佚名
【期刊名称】《世界电子元器件》
【年(卷),期】2017(000)004
【摘要】ST公司的STM32L072xx系列是超低功耗MCU,具有USB2.0连接功能和高性能ARM CortexM0+32位RISC核,工作频率32MHz,存储器保护单元(MPU),高速嵌入存储器(高达192KB闪存可编存储器,6KB数据EEPROM和20KB RAM)以及增强的I/O和外设。
工作电压1.8V~3.6V,工作温度-40℃~+125℃,主要用在气/水表和工业传感器,健康和健身设备,遥控和用户接口,PC外设,游戏和GPS设备以及告警系统,有线和无线传感器与视频连接.本文介绍了STM32L072xx 系列主要特性,框图,以及评估板B-L072Z-LRWAN1 Lo Ra Discovery主要特性,框图,电路图,材料清单和PCB设计图.
【总页数】5页(P32-36)
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】TN409
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超低功耗mcu的选型技巧与设计思路
超低功耗mcu的选型技巧与设计思路循序渐进式的功耗优化已经不再是超低功耗mcu的游戏规则，而是突飞猛进模式，与功耗相关的很多指标都不断刷新记录。
我们在选择合适的超低功耗mcu时要掌握必要的技巧，在应用时还需要一些设计方向与思路才能够更好的应用。
一：超低功耗mcu-低功耗mcu的选择方法嵌入式微控制器（mcu）的功耗在当今电池供电应用中正变得越来越举足轻重。
大多mcu 芯片厂商都提供低功耗低功耗产品，但是选择一款最适合您自己应用的产品并非易事，并不像对比数据表前面的数据那么简单。
我们必须详细对比mcu 功能，以便找到功耗最低的产品，这些功能包括：断电模式定时系统事件驱动功能片上外设掉电检测与保护漏电流处理效率。
----在低功耗设计中，平均电流消耗往往决定电池寿命。
例如，如果某个应用采用额定电流为400mAh 的Eveready 高电量9V 1222 型电池的话，要提供一年的电池寿命其平均电流消耗必须低于400mAh/8760h，即45.7uA。
----在使mcu 能够达到电流预算的所有功能中，断电模式最重要。
低功耗mcu 具有可提供不同级别功能的断电模式。
例如，TI 超低功耗mcu MSP430 系列产品可以提供5 种断电模式。
低功耗模式0 （LPM0）会关闭CPU，但是保持其他功能正常运转。
LPM1 与LPM2 模式在禁用功能列表中增加了各种时钟功能。
LPM3 是最常用的低功耗模式，只保持低频率时钟振荡器以及采用该时钟的外设运行。
LPM3 通常称为实时时钟模式，因为它允许定时器采用低功耗32768Hz 时钟源运行，电流消耗低于1uA，同时还可定期激活系统。
最后，LPM4 完全关闭器件上的包括RAM 存储在内的所有功能，电流消耗仅100 毫微安。
----时钟系统是mcu功耗的关键。
应用可以每秒多次或几百次进入与退出各种低功耗模式。
进入或退出低功耗模式以及快速处理数据的功能极为重要，因为CPU会在等待时钟稳定下来期间浪费电流。
STMCU低功耗产品系列详解
Clock Controller
Debug ModuleSWIM
Up to 41 I/Os
PVD
Xtal 32,768 KHz
DMA
12 bit DAC
2xComparators
Boot ROM
LCD driverUp to 4 x 28
1x16 bit TimerAdv Control3 Channels
超低功耗微控制器平台的关键词
低功耗的承诺从STM8L到STM32L完整的低功耗微控制器平台采用最新、超低漏电流的工艺极大的改善包括动态和静态的功耗高效率的承诺由于采用最新的架构，性能/功耗比达到新高运行模式功耗低至：150 µA/MHz在低功耗模式下，仅需 350nA，SRAM和寄存器数据还可以保留优化的产品分布采用通用单片机从8位到32位全覆盖的策略针对特殊的应用，提供片上集成的安全特性最佳的性价比
64 pins LQFP(10x10)
STM8L152M84 KB RAM
STM8L151M84 KB RAM
80 pins LQFP(14x14)
STM8L101 8K 结构框图
SPI
USART
I²C
2x16 bit Timer2 Channels
1x8-bit Timer
Ind. Wd with 38KHz int.
所有都包含：
USART, SPI, I2C
看门狗（STM8L15x 具有双看门狗)
多通道16-bit 定时器
内置 16 MHz 和 38 kHz RC 振荡器
复位电路（上电复位，掉电复位）
Up to 8 KB Flash
STM8L101
Up to 1.5 KB SRAM
MCU选型指南
A change bar appears in the left margin to mark the location of new or revised information.
SG1006–2 SG1006Q12008
Because of an order from the United States International Trade Commission, BGA-packaged product lines and part numbers indicated here currently are not available from Freescale for import or sale in the United States prior to September 2010: DSP56852VFE, DSP56F807VF80, DSP56F807VF80E, MC56F8357VVFE, MC56F8367VVFE
FREESCALE’S 8-BIT PRODUCTS SUMMARY
For complete part number information and temperature definitions, refer to Product Numbering System on page SG1006-9.
FREESCALE’S 8-BIT PRODUCTS SUMMARY (continued)
For complete part number information and temperature definitions, refer to Product Numbering System on page SG1006-9.
General Purpose Products (continued)
Silicon Laboratories 微控制器低功耗选择指南说明书
How to Pick the Right Microcontroller Based on Low-PowerSpecificationsIntroductionChoosing the right ultra-low-power microcontroller (MCU) for your next embedded design can be a confusing task when you compare claimed current consumption specifications in a myriad of data sheets provided by MCU vendors. In many cases, developers initially scan the first page of a data sheet as a reference point to gain basic information about an MCU, including peripherals, operating speed, package information, number of GPIOs and power characteristics. This approach works well to assess an MCU’s overall functionality, but it is not particularly useful when trying to gauge low-power characteristics.To get a broader view of an M CU’s true low-power operation, developers must take into consideration current consumption, state retention, wake-up time, wake-up sources and peripherals that are capable of operating while in low-power mode. Developers must compare a common operating mode to gain a balanced, apples-to-apples comparison among competing low-power MCUs. It is also important to take into consideration any additional functionality or peripherals that can reduce total system power and available evaluation tools that can make an engineer’s job easier.Microcontroller vendors will usually list the lowest power achievable on the first page of the data sheet. Although the device may be capable of achieving the specification in the data sheet, the actual operating mode may not be practical and useful in a real-world application. Some of the non-advertised features of the lowest power mode may include a very slow wake time, no state or RAM retention, or a reduced operating voltage range.To get around the variety of low-power specifications, developers must identify a common operating mode consisting of two sections: electrical specifications and low-power functionality.Comparing Electrical Specifications of MicrocontrollersThe electrical specifications are available in the data sheet, but determining which specifications are relevant may require some digging. Usually the electrical specifications are organized by vendor-specific power mode. This makes assessment slightly more difficult, as it requires knowledge and familiarity with the functionality of each power mode.In general, it is beneficial to define a set of operating conditions and then map them to a power mode. For example, the developer might define the following set of operating conditions:∙Sleep mode current consumption with state and RAM retentiono All other peripherals disabled∙Sleep mode current consumption with RTC running with state and RAM retentiono RTC enabled and running all other peripherals disabled.∙Wake time∙Supply voltage rangeOnce the operating conditions are clearly defined, it should be easy to determine the applicable vendor-specific power mode.Additional Low-Power FunctionalityThe second section, low-power functionality, is not as easy to locate in the vendor’s documentation and may be spread across the data sheet and reference manual. Examples of low-power functionality include: ∙Available wake sources∙How code resumes execution∙Peripherals capable of operating in sleep mode.Once the common operating mode has been clearly defined, developers can begin to examine the documentation in more detail.While going through this exercise of compiling data, keep in mind that there may be some MCU-specific features that can further optimize an application for ultra-low power. Optimizations may reduce bill of material (BOM) costs, provide longer product life or provide greater design flexibility. For example, an on-chip dc-dc converter can efficiently provide power to the system and decrease power consumption. This can enable the use of smaller batteries, which will decrease the overall BOM costs, or provide power budget flexibility. A variety of wake sources can provide design flexibility and allow the microcontroller to stay in the lowest power mode as long as possible, further reducing the average current consumption of the application.Allowing firmware to scale the internal supply voltage is another optimization knob available to the developer. If an MCU is operating at a slow frequency, it may be possible to decrease the supply voltage and save power. Selective clock gating allows hardware blocks to be disconnected from the active circuits, preventing inactive peripherals from consuming power. These types of features are not comprehended by supply current specifications that are commonly used to rank low-power MCUs, but are critical to achieving the lowest overall system power consumption.Reducing Complexity Using ToolsAs MCUs become more and more configurable to achieve the lowest power consumption, they also can become more complex. To cope with this increased complexity, developers should take a close look at the evaluation platforms available for an MCU and the overall ease of implementing a solution. For example, the development board and software tools used to program the MCU should be intuitive and easy-to-use. Hardware that is difficult to understand or use is not likely to lead to an easy firmware development process. From a firmware perspective, MCU vendors should supply firmware examples that can recreate specifications from the data sheet. If advertised current consumption specifications cannot be recreated on an evaluation platform, it is likely that it will be just as difficult (if not impossible) to configure the MCU to achieve these numbers on custom hardware. Giving customers a variety of code examples that can be used as a starting point for their code development can reduce time-to-market and help engineers learn to use a device.Graphical configuration tools can aid in development and help the developer gain a deeper understanding of an MCU. When developing low-power applications, it is helpful to know where the total consumed power is going. This information is useful because it highlights what aspect of a design needs to be further optimized and can also help the developer understand the overall architecture of the device. Ideally, low-power configuration tools could give tips on further reducing power as well as highlight any configuration errors that were detected throughout the configuration process. For example, the Power Estimator utility within Silicon Labs’ AppBuilder graphical configuration tool provides Power Tips that give configuration guidance and a power-budget pie chart showing how much power is consumed and which peripherals are consuming the power. As configuration changes are made, the pie chart automatically updates.Figure 1. Power Estimator Enables Developers to Optimize for Lowest Current Consumption To facilitate the microcontroller comparison process, the following table provides a list of common operating modes, as well as system-level optimizations and development tools available for Silicon Labs’32-bit SiM3L1xx MCUs based on the ARM® Cortex™-M3 core.SummaryEvaluating and selecting a microcontroller for a low-power application requires more than a quick scan of the first page of the data sheet. Determining which MCU provides the lowest overall system power requires developers to know the device’s supply current specifications, as well as any system-level optimizations that can reduce the overall supply current.Unfortunately, each MCU vendor specifies operating conditions differently and in some cases advertises a low-power number that is available in an unusable mode. Using a common operating mode to compare MCUs will prevent developers from being misled by vendor claims of ultra-low-power operation.Once the electrical characteristics of a device are understood and quantified, developers should take a look at the evaluation platform and software tools available. These considerations are crucial in getting an engineering team up and running quickly and should be included in the final microcontroller selection process. Find out more about Silicon Labs’ microcontrollers, including 8-bit and 32-bit MCUs at/mcu.# # #Silicon Labs invests in research and development to help our customers differentiate in the market with innovative low-power, small size, analog intensive, mixed-signal solutions. Silicon Labs' extensive patent portfolio is a testament to our unique approach and world-class engineering team. Patent: /patent-notice© 2013, Silicon Laboratories Inc. ClockBuilder, DSPLL, Ember, EZMac, EZRadio, EZRadioPRO, EZLink, ISOmodem, Precision32, ProSLIC, QuickSense, Silicon Laboratories and the Silicon Labs logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Silicon Laboratories Inc. ARM and Cortex-M3 are trademarks or registered trademarks of ARM Holdings. ZigBee is a registered trademark of ZigBee Alliance, Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.。
华大低功耗 mcu选型手册
华大低功耗 mcu选型手册
华大低功耗MCU选型手册是针对用户对低功耗、高效率的MCU的需求而编写的，为用户提供了多种型号的MCU选择。
在选择MCU时，需要考虑以下几个关键因素：
1. 功耗：低功耗MCU在电池供电的应用中尤为重要，可以延长电池寿命。
2. 性能：MCU的性能应满足应用需求，包括运算速度、内存大小等。
3. 外设接口：根据具体应用，可能需要不同的外设接口，如UART、SPI、I2C等。
4. 开发工具：应选择与MCU配套的开发工具，以便于开发调试。
基于以上考虑因素，华大低功耗MCU选型手册提供了多种型号的MCU供用户选择，包括HC32F003系列、HC32F4A0系列等。
这些MCU具有低功耗、高性能、丰富的外设接口等特点，适用于各种应用场景。
此外，华大还提供了完善的开发工具，如Keil、IAR等，以帮助用户快速开发MCU应用程序。
总之，华大低功耗MCU选型手册为用户提供了多种选择，用户可以根据实际需求选择最适合的MCU型号。
同时，华大还提供了完善的开发工具和服务，帮助用户快速开发出高效、可靠的MCU应用程序。
MCU选择和应用技巧
MCU选择和应⽤技巧MCU选择和应⽤技巧本刊编辑∶Robin Zhang在现代嵌⼊式开发领域，通过了解客户需求和电⼦产品趋势，搜集市⾯上⼤量的不同型号的MCU资料，结合市场上刚出现的低成本⾼性能MCU新产品，是成功进⾏MCU选型的基础。
⼀般来说，嵌⼊式系统开发⼈员在选择MCU 时，通常遵循四项主要标准∶功能、可⽤性、成本和熟悉程度。
本⽂通过资料汇编，介绍⼀些常⽤的MCU选择和应⽤技巧。
微控制器（Microcontroller;MCU）是⼀种⽆所不在的嵌⼊式控制晶⽚，玩具、家电、医疗、汽车等领域都有其存在，负责各种感测、监控⼯作，例如我们常见的电饭煲、电磁炉、咖啡壶等内部均由MCU负责感测⽔温，并接受使⽤者的指⽰是否该加温、沸腾，同样的冷⽓机的温控也是⽤MCU来实现。
此外，如桌上电脑所⽤的键盘、滑⿏等也各有⼀颗MCU，负责将敲打的键码、指标的X/Y 轴位移偏量等资讯回传给电脑CPU。
对於选择MCU进⾏设计的系统设计师来说，可获得的⼤量的不同型号MCU会让选型⼯作变得复杂，如SiliconLabs⼯作电压低⾄0.9V的8位元MCU，德州仪器针对低功耗应⽤的多款16位元MSP430，飞思卡尔和英飞针对汽车应⽤的MCU⽅案，Atmel的AVR系列和Mi cro chip的PIC系列⼀直在推陈出新……虽然新的32位ARM核Cor tex-m3处理器已经发布许久，古⽼的8位8051核还是在不同MCU中占领主流地位……⾯对缤纷多彩的MCU世界，正确把握MCU发展趋势，熟悉MCU架构，甚⾄於借助选择⼯具进⾏分析⽐较就显得极其必要。
MCU市场的价值⼀、分析趋势正是由於应⽤⼴泛，MCU市场才没有像其他处理晶⽚（如CPU、GPU）那样形成垄断，MCU晶⽚业者只要能贴近某⼀产业或深耕某⼀应⽤的控制需求，就能在市场上争得⼀席之地。
就应⽤趋势看，MCU市场⽬前可以说是百花齐放，处处呈现春⾊和希望。
1、32位MCU正在成为主⼒据国际半导体贸易统计显⽰，8/16位元晶⽚仍然占据著MCU市场56%的销量和40%的销售额，最流⾏的8位Intel架构的8051晶⽚平均每年销售33亿⽚，⼤约是32位PC CPU销量的30倍，甚⾄最早於1971年⾯世的低端4位元晶⽚的销量也只⽐它们的最⾼销量低15%，嵌⼊式系统开发者仍然在使⽤这些晶⽚，因为它们具有极低的价格、微功耗，以及⼩的体积，可以为⼏乎任何应⽤增加智慧功能。
单片机选型有诀窍：根据数值选择低功耗MCU
单片机选型有诀窍：根据数值选择低功耗MCU
根据数据手册列出的电流消耗规格来比较和选择低功耗单片机(MCU)是一项比较困难的任务。
在大多数情况下，选择MCU 的开发人员会先初步看看数
据手册第一页，作为快速获得器件信息的参考点，其中包括外设、运行速度、封装信息、GPIO 引脚数量和供电特性等。
这种方法对于获得器件的整体性能
很有效，但是在评估低功耗特性时却不实用。
为了对低功耗操作有全面了解，开发人员还要考虑电流消耗、状态保持、唤醒时间、唤醒源，以及低功耗模式下可运行的外设等。
开发人员在相同操作模式下对比同类低功耗MCU，以获得客观的逐项比较结果。
另外，易用的评估
工具也非常重要，因为能评估整体系统功耗的额外功能和外设，使工程师的工作更加容易。
MCU 供应商通常会在数据手册第一页列出最低功耗值。
虽然器件可能实现
数据手册中提到的规格，但是实际的操作模式可能在应用中不一致。
某些不利的低功耗特性并未列出，包括极慢的唤醒时间、无状态保持或RAM 保持功能，或者操作电压范围缩小。
为了深入了解各种低功耗特性，开发人员需定义相同的操作模式，其中包括两部分：电气规格和低功耗功能。
电气规格比较
电气性能规格罗列在数据手册中，通过仔细研究才能判断哪种规格更加重要。
通常电气规范依据供应商定义的电源模式组织分类，这将使评估更加困难，因为需要熟悉每种电源模式的功能。
一般情况下，定义一系列操作条件并对应到一种电源模式更有意义。
例如，开发人员可能会定义下面一组操作条件：
- 状态保持和RAM 保持条件下的休眠模式电流消耗
o 所有其他外设禁用。
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4K word Flash (11.5kByte)
EM6819F4-A005 EM6819F4-A000 EM6819F4-B000 EM6819F4-B100 EM6819F4-B300 EM6819F6-B004
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12 to 24 12 to 24 16 to 24 04 to 24 12 to 24
EM6819 Family ensures 0.9V Battery Operations and much more …
ld ig ita lf l w D rite eb ug for O so Pa f n ck C twa hi a N p re ot ge u /I e (s SP p d 1 ) se
2 2 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 6 6 6 6 6
4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 12 12 8
256 512 512 512 256 256 512 512 512 512 512 512 512 512 512
0.9 - 3.6 0.9 - 3.6 0.9 - 3.6 1.8 - 5.5 0.9 - 3.6 0.9 - 3.6 0.9 - 3.6 0.9 - 3.6 1.8 - 3.6 1.8 - 5.5 0.9 - 3.6 0.9 - 3.6 1.8 - 3.6 1.8 - 3.6 1.8 - 5.5
Note 1 : Ask for package & volume availability
EM Microelectronic-Marin SA
January 2009
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Page 1
6K word Flash (16.9kByte)
EM6819F6-A000 EM6819F6-B100 EM6819F6-A100 EM6819F6-B300 NVM RAM GPIO SPI RC Crystal WD
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12 to 24 12 to 24
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16 to 24 PWM ADC OPAMP PwrCk VLD ISP SCWUP
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04 to 12 12 to 24 12 to 20
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16 to 24 04 to 12 08 to 12 12 to 24
SPI SW-UART / I2C SPI SW-UART / I2C SPI SW-UART / I2C SPI SW-UART / I2C SPI SW-UART / I2C SPI SW-UART / I2C SPI SW-UART / I2C SPI SW-UART / I2C SPI SW-UART / I2C SPI SW-UART / I2C SPI SW-UART / I2C SPI SW-UART / I2C SPI SW-UART / I2C SPI SW-UART / I2C SPI SW-UART / I2C
SO08 TSSOP16 TSSOP16-20-28 QFN20 TSSOP20-28 QFN20 TSSOP20-28 SO08 TSSOP16 TSSOP16-20 QFN20 TSSOP20-28 QFN20-32 TSSOP16-20-28 TSSOP16-20-28 QFN20 TSSOP20-28 SO08 TSSOP16-20-28 TSSOP20-28 QFN20-32 TSSOP16-20-28 TSSOP20-28 QFN20-32 TSSOP20-28
SCWUP WD SCWUP WD SCWUP WD SCWUP WD SCWUP WD SCWUP WD SCWUP WD SCWUP WD SCWUP WD SCWUP WD SCWUP WD SCWUP WD SCWUP WD SCWUP WD SCWUP WD
2K word Flash (5.6kByte)
Non Volatile Memory Random Access Memory General Purpose Input Output Serial Peripheral Interface Fully embedded RC Oscillator Oscillator on chip Digital Watch-dog