大三上学期英美概况期末试卷
英美概况期末试题
I.Explain the following terms:1.the British Isles2.Poets’ Corner3.EU4.the Conservative Party5.the Seven Year’s War6.WASPs7.“roaring 20s”8.melting pot9.British Empire10.system of US politicI.Translate the following into Chinese:1.Westminster Abby2.the Church of Englandmonwealth4.Mr. Speaker5.Judicial System6.the Great Charter7.the House of Plantagenet8.Puritans9.monopoly capitalism10.the first Pan-American ConferencceII.Multi-choices:1.The longest river in Britain is the _____ River. (Severn, Thames, Mersey, Humber)2.The leading anthracite coalfields in Britain are in__ (Scotland, England, Wales, )3.The English people are descendants of____ (Celts, Roman, Anglo-Saxons)4.The established church of Britain is___ (the Church of England, Free churches, )5.Easter is kept, commemorating the __ (coming, birth, death, resurrection) of Jesus Christ.6.In Britain, government cannot spend any money without the permission of___.(the Queen, the Prime Minister, the House of Commons, the House of Lords)7.All the government ministers of Britain must be members of_____.(the House of Lords, the House of Common, the Privy Council, Parliament)8.___ is the largest state of the US in area.(Hawii, Texas, Alaska, Pennsylvania)9.The dominant ethnic group in the US today is_____.(the black people, WASPs, Asian Americans, Hispanics)10.People in the US have kept moving westward for reasons except___.(religious freedom, fertile soil in the West, good climate in the west, discovery gold) 11.The Constitution of the United State was framed in ___in 1787.(Washington, Boston, New York, Philadelphia)12.The President of the US exercises the ____ power.(legislative, executive, judicial, veto)13.Congress can veto the President’s veto by a ___ vote of the full membership ofBoth houses.(two-fifths, two-thirds, three-fourths, three-fifths)14.The Constitution of US says that only___ can declare war upon other nation.(the President, Congress, Department of Defense, the National Security Council)15.In which year did Japan attack Pearl Harbor?(1939,1940,1941,1942)16.The British Empire reached the peak of its colonial expansion after____.( Anglo-Boer War, the First Opium War, World War I, World War II)17.The American Industrial Revolution began in 1807 with its___ industry.( shipbuilding, coal mining, textile, machine-making)18.In the late half of the 19th century, __ was the main objective of the US overseas expansion. (India, China, Vietnam, the Philippines)19.The Spanish-American War strengthened the in___.(the Far East, Americas, Europe, Africa)20.The US imperialism was marked by all the following except____.(highly developed industry, high concentration of capital, overseas territorial expansion, Free business competition)III.Fill in the blanks:1.Britain is separated from the European continent by ____,_____,_____.2.Britain has a_____, maritime climate.3.The English people tend to be _______ characteristic.4.The present Sovereign is Queen______, daughter of George VI was crowned in 1953.5.The British government is constitutional ______.6.The earliest setters on the British Islands were___ and ____.7.The Great Charter aimed at restricting the power of the ____.8.The British Empire began with the founding of______ in 1583, and fell after the __Of the World War II.9.Most of Americans ____ origin.10.Since 1790, the US population center gravity has kept moving___.11.Most of the Black people in the US speak____,but the Hispanics speak___.12.In the US, _____ outnumber other religions groups.13.The Constitution of the US follows two principles: the____ system and the__ powers.14.River__ (Hudson,wrence Colorado, Missouri) flows through New York city.15.In order to grab Cuba, the US went into war with___ in 1898. As a result of the war, SpainCeded Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam and the Philippines to the US.IV.Answer these questions:1.Why English is a global Language?2.How did the United State involved into the World War I?3.Tell some American Mountains and Rivers.4.Why American is immigrant country?5.Why is Britain called a “welfare state”?。
西安邮电期末英美概况
西安邮电期末英美概况The Final Examination Paper for the Course of “An Introduction to the Society and Culture of Major English-speakingCountries”I．Fill in the blanks (20 points)1.Britain consists of (1) nations, including England, (2) , (3) , and (4) .2. To pursue Irish independence, the most spectacular event in the Irish history was (5) of 1916, in which the rebels occupied Dublin’s (6) and forced the British to take it by military mean s.3. The U.S. federal government consists of the following three branches: the (7) , the (8) and the (9) .4. A government in Britain cannot stand for longer than (10) years except in exceptional circumstances.5. (11) was not conquered by the Romans, nor was it conquered by Anglo-Saxons.6. The UK economy can be broken down into three main areas: (12) industries, (13) industries and (14) industries. In Pharmaceuticals, the British company GlaxoWellcome is the biggest (15) company in the world. ICI is the second largest (16) manufacturer in the world.7. (17) set up the colony of Pennsylvania in America. (18) set up the colony of Maryland.8. One of the developments brought about by the Industrial Revolution in America is the emergence of new forms of business organizations, notably the (19) and the (20) .II. Choose the correct answer from each of the following, and write down the corresponding letter in the brackets. (20 points)( )1. Which of the following statements about the UK economy is NOT true?(A)Britain remains one of the Group of Seven large industrial economies.(B)Britain has experienced a relative economic decline since 1945.(C)There has been a period of steady decreasing of living standards.(D)Some smaller economies have overtaken the UK in terms of output per capita.( )2. Which of the following livestock has the biggest number in the UK?(A) beef cattle (B) diary cattle(C) chicken (D) sheep( )3. The “American system” of mass production was first used in .(A)car industry (B) textile industry(C) firearms industry (D) agriculture( )4. The latest technology that American farmers have adopted is .(A)artificial fertilizers(B) pesticide(C) tractors (D) computers( )5. Which group of people can NOT vote in the general election in Great Britain?(A)members in the house of Commons(B)Lords in the House of Lords(C)the UK citizens above the age of 18(D)the UK resident citizens of the Irish Republic( )6. Who is the last leader of the Labor party in Great Britain at present?(A)John Major (B) T ony Blair(C)Harold Wilson (D) Margaret Thatcher( )7.The following were some of the characteristics of Protestantism except .(A)challenging the authority of the Pope(B)salvation through faith(C)salvation through the church(D)establishing a direct contact with God( )8.Both public and private universities in the United States depend on the following sources of income except .(A) investment (B) student tuition(C) endowments (D) government funding( )9.In the United States school systems, which of the following divisions is true?(A)elementary school, grammar school(B)elementary school, junior high school(C)elementary school, secondary school(D)junior high school, senior high school( )10.The expenditure in American public schools is guided or decided by .(A)teachers (B) students(C) headmasters (D) boards of educationIII. Answer the following questions briefly.1. What are the major invasions in the British history? (8 points)2. What are the three major national parties in Great Britain? And what are the two major political parties in the U.S.? (5 points)3. Who cannot vote in the general election in the U.K.? (4 points)4. What is the background in the 16th and 17th centuryEurope against which the colonists began to set up permanent settlements in North America? (6 points)IV. Matching (10 points)The left column is a list of people’s names, and the right one is some information about these people. Match them and write down the letter of the information on the line before the names.1. Rober t Burns a. the UK’s first woman Prime Minister and the formerleader of the Conservative Party2. King Harold b. the king of England in the 5th century and united theBritish and drove the Saxons back3. William Penn c. the leader of the SCLC during the civil rights move-ment of the 1960s in the U.S.4. Lord Baltimore II d. an outlaw who hid himself in the forest and robbedfrom the rich to give the poor5. Richard Nixon e. the Saxon king who was defeated and killed in thebattle of Hasting in 10666. Robin Hood f. a poet who wrote in Scots dialect and the author of“Auld Land Syne”7. King Arthur g. a legal political party in Northern Ireland whichsupports the IRA to fight for the union of Ireland8. Margaret Thatcher h. the founder of the colony of Maryland9. Martin Luther King, Jr. i. the former President of the U.S., who was involvedin the Watergate scandal10. Sinn Fein j. the man who set up the colony of PennsylvaniaV. Write an essay of about 300 words choosing from one of the following topics. (27 points) 1. Make a comparison between the British educational system and the American educational system.2. What are the reasons for the success of the American economy?3. What are the reasons for the problem in Northern Ireland?4. What do you think is the relationship between English language learning and culture study? What can you learn from this course?。
《英美概况》期末考试试卷附答案
《英美概况》期末考试试卷附答案一、British Survey Test（20小题*2=40）1. The total area of the U.K.is _____.A. 211,440B.244,110C. 241,410D. 242,5342.England occupies the _____ portion of the U.K.A. northernB. easternC. southern3. The most important part of the U.K.in wealth is _____.A.Northern IrelandB.EnglandC. Scotland4. _____ is on the western prominence between the Bristol Channel and the Dee-estuary.A. WalesB.ScotlandC. England5.Wales was effectively united with England in the _____ century.A. 14thB. 15thC. 16th6. By the Act of Union of _____Scotland and the kingdom of England and Wales were constitutionally joined as the Kingdom of Britain.A. 1707B.1921C. 18017.Physio-graphically Britain may be divided into _____ provinces.A. 13B.12C. 148.Mt.Ben Nevis stands in _____.A. the Scottish HighlandsB. WalesC. England9. The main rivers parting in Britain runs from _____.A. north to southB. south to northC. east to west10. Cheviot hills lie along the border between _____ and England.A. ScotlandB.WalesC. Vale of Eden11. The longest river in Britain is _____.A. SevernB.ClydeC. Bann12.London is situated on the River of _____.A. ParretB.ThamesC. Spey13.Edinburgh is the capital of _____.A. EnglandB.ScotlandC. Wales14. The rivers flowing into the _____ are mainly short.A. North SeaB. English ChannelC. Dee estuary15.Mt.Snowdon stands in _____.A. ScotlandB.WalesC. England16. The source of the important River Thames is in the _____.A. CotswoldsB.Oxford ClayC. Pennines17. About _____ of the water requirements are obtained from underground sources.A. 50%B. 38%C. 42%18. Gaelic is mainly spoken in _____.A.ScotlandB. EnglandC. Northern Ireland19. The Bank of England was nationalized in _____.A.1964B.1946C. 169420.Britain is basically an importer of _____.A. foodB. raw materialsC. manufacturesD. both A and B二、American Survey Test（20小题*2=40）21. The _____ part of America consists of high plateaus and mountains formed by the Great Cordillera Range.A. easternB. westernC. northeastern22. In eastern _____ lies Death Valley, 85 meters below sea level.A. CaliforniaB.UtahC. Arizona23. In the west of the _____ lie the Colorado Plateaus and the Columbia Plateaus.A. Rocky MountainB.Coast RangeC.Cascades Mountains24. The _____ lies between the Colorado Plateaus and Columbia PlateausA.Great BasinB. Colorado ValleyC.Great Plains25. The famous Yellow stone National Park is situated in northwestern part of _____.A. CaliforniaB.ArizonaC. Wyoming26. The world-known Colorado Valley lies in northern _____, which is cut by the Colorado River.A. ArizonaB.UtahC. Montana27. Among the five Great Lakes, only _____ is wholly within the United States.A. ErieB.SuperiorC. Michigan28. Only the climate in the southern part of _____ is tropical.A.FloridaB. GeorgiaC. Virginia29.Washington, the capital of the US, is on the _____ river.A. PotomacB. DelawareC. St. Laurence30. The width of the Niagara Fall is about _____ meters and the drop average _____ meters.A. 1650, 50B. 1240,49C. 1540, 4931. _____ part is the most densely populated region in America.A. The southernB. The northeasternC. The western32. The Great Salt Lake lies in northern _____.A.IdahoB. ArizonaC. NevadaD.Utah33. _____ has been called the “cradle of American Liberty”.A. PhiladelphiaB.PlymouthC. Boston34. About _____ of the world’s annual agricultural pro ducts come from the United States.A. halfB. one thirdC. two thirds35. The highest mountain in the U.S.is Mount_____.A. AppalachianB. MekinleyC. Rocky36.Mount Mekinley lies in the_____Range.A.Sierra NevadaB. CascadesC. Alaska37. The two largest China-towns are located in the following cities except _____.A.New YorkB.San FranciscoC. Miami38. The world’s largest freshwater lake is Lake_____.A. SuperiorB.OntarioC. Victoria39. The world-famous Niagara Falls lies between lakes of _____.A. Erie and MichiganB. Erie and OntarioC. Superior and Haron40. _____ of the America’s territory is covered with forests.A. 1/4B. 1/5C. 1/3三、Explain the following terms(4小题*5=20)1. Christmas2.The Commonwealth3.The House of Commons4.London英美概况参考答案1-5 DCBAA 6-10 CAAAB 11-15 ABBBB 16-20 ABABD21-25 BAAAC 26-30 ACAAB 31-35 BDAAB 36-40CCABA41.ChristmasChristmas is a holiday to memorize the birth of Jesus Christ. It’s on December 25. It’s the most famous and important holiday in western world.42.the CommonwealthIt is a voluntary association of states which is made up mostly of former British colonies. There are 50 members of the Commonwealth, including both developing countries like India and Cyprus and developed countries like Australia and Canada. It is also a forum for continued cooperation and a support network.43.The House of CommonsIt is the real centre of British political life because it is the place where about 650 elected representatives make and debate policy. These MPS (members of parliament) are elected in the general elections and should represent the interests of the people who vote for them.44.LondonThe capital and largest city in the UK. It is dominant in all sorts of ways. It is the cultural and business centre and the headquarters of many big companies. It is also the financial centre of the country and one of the three financial centers in the world.。
英美概况试卷A
_______________年度上学期英美况期末考试试卷（A ） class________name_________number _________score_________ I.Define the following terms. 40% 1. London 2. GCSE 3. Comprehensive schools 4. Grammar schools 5. open university 6. quality newspapers 7. tabloids 8. William the Conqueror 9. the Devine Right of King 10. Easter II. Fill in the blanks. 25% 1. Britain consists consists of of of four four four nations, nations, nations, including including including England, England, England, __________,____________and __________,____________and Northern Ireland. 2. The two systems of schools in Britain are _________________ and _________________. 3. In Britain, there are mainly four types of home. They are flats, ____________, _____________ and detached house. 4. The UK has a very high proportion of _____________, which means that the people own the house they live in. 5. In Britain, to run a newspaper is very expensive, because the owners of newspapers have to pay ______________. 6. About 750 AD three Celtic tribes came to Britain. They are ___________,____________ and the Belgae. 7. In the middle of the 5th century, three Germanic Tribes _________, __________and the Jutes came to Britain. 8. In In 828 828 828 AD, AD, AD, the the the King King King of of of _________ _________ _________ won won won the the the overlordship overlordship overlordship of of of all all all the the the rest, rest, rest, _________ _________ became “ the First King of the English.”9. 1348~1349AD, 1348~1349AD, a a a Disease Disease Disease called called called __________ __________ __________ swept swept swept the the the country, country, killed killed 1/3 1/3 1/3 of of of the the population. 1337~1453, a war between England and France ___________ occurs. 10. One of the oldest of the early “old English ” literary work is called ________. 11. There There is is is no no no written written written constitution constitution in in Britain, Britain, Britain, but but but it it it doesn doesn doesn’’t t mean mean mean that that there there is is is no no constitution in Britain. It is made of three parts:___________, which means laws passed by the Parliament; _________, laws established by common practice in the courts; and conventions. 12. Strictly Strictly speaking, speaking, speaking, the the the parliament parliament parliament today today today consists consists consists of of ____________, ____________, the the the House House House of of Lords and ____________. 13. There There are are are three three three parties parties parties in in in Britain. Britain. Britain. They They They are are are ___________, ___________, ___________, __________ __________ __________ and and and Liberal Liberal Democrats. 14. Traditionally, people gave Christmas gifts or money to their staff or servant on _______, which is the day after Christmas. 15. One widely practiced custom on Scottish ___________ is “ first-footing.”III. Choosing the correct answer from each of the following. 20%1. The capital of Wales is _______. a. Edinburgh b. Cardiff c. Belfast d. Glasgow 2. Britain lies in the north Atlantic Ocean off the ______ coast of Europe. a. north b. south c. west d. east 3. If a student wants to got to university in Britain, he will take the examination called a. GCEA b. GCSE c. GNVQ d. the common entrance exam 4. Which of the following is not true about the flats? a. They are considered to be desirable. b. They are often publicly owned. c. They are often in modern multi-story buildings. d. Most of them are cheap and of low status while some of them are expensive. 5. which of the following about the terraced house is not true? a. They are most common in suburban areas. b. They are usually two-story houses joined at each side. c. They are often have a small concrete yard at the back. d. They were originally built for factory workers. 6. Which of the follow works does not contribute to Shakespeare? a. Romeo and Juliet b. the Canterbury Tales c. Hamlet d. King Lear 7. Which of the following is not true of the playwrights? a. Most of them are of humble birth. b.They were looked down upon. c.They were low-paid. d.They were rich. 8.Which of the following about the House of Commons is not true? a.Members of Parliament elect the Prime Minister and the Cabinet. b.MPs received salaries and some other allowance. c.MPs are expected to represent the interests of the public. d.Most MPs belong to the major political parties. 9.On which is Halloween celebrated? a.5 November b.31 October c.17 March d.25 December 10.Which of the following is not particularly British Christmas tradition? a.enjoy the Pantomime b.the Queen broadcasting her Christmas message c.receiving gifts from Santa Claus d.shopping the day after the Christmas Day IV IV. . Answer the following questions briefly. 15%1.Describe the climate in Britain. Someone says it is wet and cold. Do you agree with that? 2.Class is a very important concept in British society. Say something about it. 3.What is the impact of Roman Occupation? 。
英美概况期末练习题1
英美概况期末练习题1Understanding the United StatesChapter 1 A General SurveyI. Gap-filling1. The United States covers the central part of North America .2. Washington .D.C.is the capital and economic center of the United States.3. The lowest point of the US is _Peath Valley______.4. ___Rose____ is the national flower of the US.5. ___Wyoming____ is the least populous state of the US.6. The United States is a __federal__republil____ consisting of __50 ____states.7. In __1776_____, the United States declared its independence from __Great Britain_____.8. The official language of the US is _English______, and the second most spoken language is _Spanish______._Hawaiian______ is an official language in the state of Hawaii.9. Religiously, most Americans are __Christians_____; among them 52% are __Protestant____ and 24% _Roman catholic_____.10. ___The White House____ is the residence of the President of the United States, and the Capitol Hill is home to_American Congress______.II. Terms Explanation11. Uncle SamIt is the niok name of the US. This image came from a meat provider during the war of 1812. The American Congress officially recoginized Uncle Sam as a nation symbol in 1961.12. Independence DayIt is a legal holiday off the US in July 4.III. Answer the Following Questions13. How did the United States of America get her name in 1776?14. What is the name of the national anthem of the United States?“The Star-Spangled Banner”The United States longress made the “The Star-Spangled Banner” the national anthem of the United States in 1931. 15. Why was Rose taken as the national flower of the US?The American people hold the rose dear as symbol of life and love the devotion,of beauty and eternity.16. Why did Americans choose bald eagle as their national bird?The bald eagle was chosen in 1782 as the emblem of the US. Because of its long life, great strength and magestic looks , and also because it was then believed to exist only on this continent.Chapter 2 Geography and HistoryA．GeographyI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided._F__1. The United States is the world’s second most populous country._T__2. Hawaii is an island state of the United States.Ⅱ. Multiple Choices3. Which is the tallest mountain in the United States? BA. Mount Whitney.B. Mount McKinley.C. Rocky Mountains.D. The Sawatch Mountains.4. Which city is the most populous city in the United States? CA. Washington D.C.B. Los Angeles .C. New York City.D. Philadelphia.III. Gap-filling5. _The Mississippi River_____ is known as the Father of Waters in the U.S6. __Chicago___ got its nickname “Hog Butcher to the World” for its once prosperous sla ughterhouses.IV. Short Answer Questions7. Into which large body of water does the Mississippi River flow?It flows into the Gulf of Mexico.8. Which river forms a long border between the United States and Mexico?The Rio Grande River.9. Which river forms part of the boundary between Canada and the United States?The St Laurence River.10. Which one of the five lake s is entirely in the United States?Lake Michigan.B．HistoryI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided. _F__1. The American first Thanksgiving Day was celebrated on the last Thursday in November of 1620.__T_2.The fortune seekers who rushed to California to look for gold in 1849 were known as Forty-Niners._T__3.The chief and immediate cause of the war was slavery.Ⅱ. Multiple Choices4. New York used to be known as _C____?A. New HampshireB. New JerseyC. New NetherlandsD. New England5. During the Civil War Lincoln issued the __B__, which declared the abolition of slavery.A. Homestead BillB. Emancipation ProclamationC.Gettysburg AddressD. Both A and B6. The first American President from the Republic Party is __A___.A. Abraham LincolnB. Andrew JohnsonC. Thomas JeffersonD. George WashingtonChapter 3 Political systemI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided._F_ 1. Today any citizen can vote._F_ 2. The number of senators from each state depends on the size of the state's population._T__3. The United States has a federal system, in which power is shared between national government and state government._T__4.The Congress can impeach the president accused of a serious crime, but so far, it has never removed a president from office._F__5. It is only customary that president runs more than twice.Ⅱ. Multiple choices6. The basic function of a government is _A__.A. to provide stabilityB. to make laws and enforce lawsC. to provide many services, such as schools, parks, sewage systems, and streets and highwaysD. to regulate, or control, activities such as trade and transportation7. The Constitution divides the government into three branches. Which one of these is not a branch? DA. LegislativeB. ExecutiveC. JudicialD. Commercial8. In 1803 United States President ___C___ paid Napoleon Bonaparte of France $15 million for about 2.1 million sq km of land west of the Mississippi River.A. Benjamin FranklinB. John AdamsC. Thomas JeffersonD. George Washington9. Presidents cannot _B_____.A. serves as commander in chief of the country’s milita ry forcesB. declare warC. appoint most of the country’s judgesD. issue rules, regulations and instructionsⅢ. Match the branch in the left column with its major function in the right columnⅢChapter 4 Society and CultureI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and“F” for false in the space provided._F__1. In the United States the dominant culture group is African American._T__2. Spanish is spoken as a first of second language by Americans._F__3. The Amish are friendly and open-minded people who always welcome different ideas from theoutside._T__4. Three Asian traditions best explain the success of Asian-Americans: education, hard work, and family. Education is considered the key to success.III. Match the following items. There are extra items in the right column.EducationI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided.__T_1. The Boston Latin School and Harvard College were the first two schools set up in the United States. _F__2. The Federal government has power to make laws in the field of education; it can give both financial help and order._F__3. Many of the top universities in the U.S. are private universities. However, Harvard University and Yale University, are public ones._F__4. Yale University began to admit women students ever since it set up in 1701.II. Multiple Choices5. Elementary and secondary education covers __D____years.A. 8B. 9C. 10D. 126. Higher education in the United States began with the founding of Harvard College in the _B____century.A. 16thB.17thC.18thD.19th7. Which of the following American presidents was not the graduate from Harvard University? DA. John F. KennedyB. George W. BushC. FranklinD. RooseveltD. Bill ClintonIII. Match the following items. There are extra items in the right columnⅣ. Fill in the Blanks3. Higher education in the United States began with the founding of _Harvard College______ in 1636.4. On Halloween, children dress in costumes and go from house to house asking for candy by saying “__Trick or Treat_____! .”5. American colleges and universities offer three main categories of degrees: __bachelor____, master, and doctorate or Ph.D.Ⅴ. Answer the following Questions1.Can you name five famous universities in the United States?2.SportsI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided._T__1. Baseball has been called America’s national pastime. And it’s also the most popular team sport in Japan, Cuba, and other countries._F__2. In the United States, most high schools and colleges have basketball programs. At the end of the season, the bestteams compete only in national tournaments._T__3. Fall is football season in the United States. After the football season ends, the best teams meet in bowl games. Holidays and Special DaysI. Multiple Choices4. In late September 1621 in order to celebrate__A______, the Pilgrims wanted to thank God and the Native Indian.A. their first harvestB. settlement in the new landC. their friendship with the native IndiansD. the end of severe winter5. Each year huge crowds of people celebrate New Year’s Eve in ___C______ in New York City.A. The Fifth AvenueB. The BroadwayC. Times SquareD. The Wall Street6. The custom of exchanging gifts at Christmas comes from the___D_______.A. ancient GreekB. middle agesC. the Queen Victorian periodD. ancient Romans7. Halloween is a holiday celebrated in most areas of North America and in some areas of ____B______.A. Eastern EuropeB. Western EuropeC. Northern EuropeD. Southern EuropeIII. Match the following items. There are extra items in the right columnUnderstanding CanadaA General SurveyI.Decide Whether the Following Statements Are True or False. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided. _T__1. Canada is made up of ten provinces and three territories.__F_2. China is slightly larger than Canada.__F_3. Canada became independent from the United Kingdom in 1867._F__4. Ottawa is the largest city of Canada._T__5. Christianity is Canada’s most popular religion.II. Multiple Choices6. Where is Canada situated? BA. On the north of the United Kingdom.B．On the north of the United States.C．Bordering Russia on the west.D．Bordering South America on the south.7. Who was Jacques Cartier? BA．A British settler.B．A French explorerC．A Canadian leader.D．The founder of Canada.8. When was "Canada" first used as an official country name? AA．In 1791.B．In 1867.C．In 1534.D．In 1664.9. What does the national shield of Canada reflect? DA．A combination of British and French cultures.B．A combination of British and Canadian cultures.C．A combination of French and Canadian cultures.D. A combination of British, French, and Canadian cultures.10. What day is the national day of Canada? CA. July 4th.B. July 14th.C. July 1st.D. July 10th.III. Gap-filling11. The total area of Canada is ___9984670_____ square kilometers.12. The population of Canada is ___33___million.13. The capital city of Canada is ___Ottawa____.14. The national languages of Canada are _English____ and _French____.15. The Canadian currency is ___Canadian dollar___.Geography and HistoryI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided. _T__1. Canada has the world's longest coastline._F__2. Niagara Falls is the highest waterfall in Canada._F__3. The French dominated Canada until the 20th century.__T_4. Canada was involved in both of the World Wars._T__5.Newfoundland and Labrador joined Canada in 1949.II. Multiple Choices6. Which of the Great Lakes is not within Canada but wholly belongs to the USA?BA. Lake Huron.B. Lake Michigan.C. Lake Superior.D. Lake Erie.7. The largest city and chief port of British Columbia is __A___.A. VancouverB. St. JohnC. VictoriaD. Regina8. ___C__ describes itself as “The Gateway to the North”.A. CalcaryB. SaskatoonC. EdmontonD. Winnipeg9. How many provinces became a federation On July 1, 1867?BA. 3.B. 4.C. 5.D. 6.10. When did Canada and the People's Republic of China establish diplomatic relations? BA. In 1949B. In 1970C. In 1972D. In 1969Politics and National EconomyI．Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided._F__1. The Governor General is the head of state of Canada.__T_2. The real law-making power is held by the House of Commons in Canada._F__3. There are only two political parties in Canada: Conservatives and Liberals.__F_4. Agriculture is the mainstay of Canadian economy.__T_5. Canada exports energy to the United States.II. Multiple Choices6. The leader of the political party that wins the election becomes _B___ of Canada.A. the PremierB. the Prime MinisterC. the PresidentD. the Head of State7. How many justices (judges) are there on the Supreme Court of Canada? CA. 7.B. 8.C. 9.D. 10.8. The head of the provincial government is __D___.A. the governorB. the lieutenant governorC. the provincial ministerD. the premier9. When did Canada and the People's Republic of China establish diplomatic relations? BA. In 1949B. In 1970C. In 1972D. In 196910. Which province possesses Canada’s largest deposits of oil and natural gas? CA. British ColumbiaB. ManitobaC. Alberta D) OntarioIII. Gap-filling11. Canada's Head of Government is _The Prime Minister______12. _The Supreme Court____ is the highest court in Canada.13. _ Pierre _Trudeam___ is the first Canadian prime minister to pay an official visit to PRC.14. The Bank of Canada _____ has the sole right to issue paper money for circulation in Canada.Understanding UKA General Survey of UKI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided. _T__1. The official name of UK is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland._F__2. The longest river in Britain is River Thames._T__3. On the island of Great Britain, there are four political divisions—England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland._T__4. The United Kingdom consist of two main islands—Great Britain and Ireland.II. Multiple Choices5. The flag of the United Kingdom, known as the Union Jack, is made up of __C___ crosses.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four6. Which flower is symbol of England? DA. ThistleB. ShamrockC. DaffodilD. Rose7. About two thirds of _B___is covered by the Highlands.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern IrelandIII. Match each of the following capitals with its islandGeography & History of UKGeographyI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided. _T__1.The official name of UK is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland._F__2.The longest river in Britain is River Thames._F__3.On the island of Great Britain, there are four political divisions—England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland_T__4.The UK lies in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe._F__5.British recorded history begins with the Norman invasion._F__ 6.To the west of Great Britain is the second largest island known as Scotland.__F_7.London, the capital of the UK, is situated on the Severn River near its mouth._T__8. There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain. They are England，Scotland and Wales._T___9. Prime Minister is the leader of the British government.II. Multiple Choices10. The second largest city in England, __D___ , is a metropolitan district and an industrial and manufacturing city.A. EdinburghB. BelfastC. GlasgowD. Birmingham11. Which is the largest city in Scotland? CA. CardiffB. EdinburghC. GlasgowD. Manchester12.The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. The __B___ has very little power.A. queenB. monarchC. prime ministerD. kingIII. Gap-filling13. The total area of Britain is about_244110___ square kilometers.14. Britain is separated from the European continent by __North Sea____ and___Strait of Dover and_EnglishChannel_________.15. The capital of the Scotland is (1) ___Edinburgh_____, the capital of Wales is_Cardiff__ and the capital of Northern Ireland is (2) ___Belfast_____.16.___England_____ is the largest and most populous of the three political divisions on the island of Great Britain.17. The first steam engine was devised by Thomas Newcomer at the end of the 17th century, and the Scottish inventor___James Watt_____ modified and improved the design in 1765.Education of UKI. Decide whether the following statem ents are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided._T____1. Education in Britain is compulsory for children aged from 5 to 16._F____2. Like all British universities, Buckingham University is also partially funded by central government grants._T____3.Public schools are mainly financed by fees paid by parents.__F___4. Boarding private schools, such as Eton College, Harrow School are open to all in Britain and a large percentage of population can attend the schools.II. Multiple Choices5. Which one is not considered as the most famous boarding private schools in Britain? CA. Eton CollegeB. Harrow SchoolC. Woodland Junior SchoolD. Rugby School6. Normally, it will take ____A___ years to get an undergraduate degreeA. 3B. 4C. 5D. 27. Which of the following statements is not true about the comprehensive schools? AA. They are only taken students with good academic abilities.B. They provide a large range of secondary education.C. they are founded in 1960s and 1970s.D. Most grammar schools were replaced by comprehensive schools.III. Match the following items。
《英美概况》试题(附答案)
《英美概况》I. Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices:1. The highest mountain in Britain is ____.A. ScafellB. Ben NevisC. the CotswoldsD. the Forth2. The longest river in Britain is _____.A. the ClydeB. the MerseyC. the SevernD. the Thames3. The largest lake in Britain is _____.A. the Lough NeageB. Windermere WaterC. Coniston WaterD. the Lake District4. Which part of Britain is always fighting?A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northem Ireland5. The immigrants coming to Britain are mainly from _____.A. EuropeB. the United StatesC. AfricaD. the West Indies,6. The first inhabitants in Britain were _____.A. the NormansB. the CeltsC. the IberiansD. the Anglo-Saxons7. British Recorded history began with _____.A.Roman invasionB. the Norman ConquestB. C. the Viking and Danish invasion D. the Anglo-Saxons invasion8. In 829, _____ actually became the overlord of all the English.A. JohnB. James IC. EgbertD. Henry I9. Christmas Day ____, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.A. 1056B. 1066C. 1006D. 106010. Henry II was the first king of the _____ dynasty.A. WindsorB. TudorC. MalcolmD. Plantagenet11. In 1265 ____ summoned the Great Council, which has been seen as the earliest parliament.A. Henry IIIB. the PopeC. BaronsD. Simon de Montfort12. The Hundred Years’ war sta rted in ____ and ended in ____, in which the English had lost all the territories of France except the French port of ____.A. 1337, 1453, FlandersB. 1337, 1453, CalaisC. 1346, 1453, ArgencourtD. 1346, 1453, Brest13. The Wars of Roses lasted for _____ years and king _____ was replaced by king _____.A.30, Richard III, Henry TudorB. 50, Richard III, Henry TudorB. C. 30, Richard I, Henry Tudor D. 50, Richard I, Henry Tudor14. The Renaissance began in ____ in the early ____ century.A. England, 14B. England, 15C. Italy, 14D. Italy, 1515. The English Civil War is also called _____.A. the Glorious RevolutionB. the Bloody RevolutionC. the Catholic RevolutionD. the Puritan Revolution16. In _____, a small group of Puritans sailed from _____ in the Mayflower to be the first settlers in theNorth America.A. 1620, LondonB. 1620, PlymouthC. 1720, LondonD. 1720, Plymouth17. In the 18th century, there appeared ____ in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines.A. the Industrial RevolutionB. the Bourgeois RevolutionC. the Wars of the RosesD. the Religious Reformation18. English colonial expansion began with the colonization of _____ in 1583.A. CanadaB. AustraliaC. IndiaD. Newfoundland19. _____ was famous for his abdication because of his marriage with a divorced American:A. Edward VIIIB. Edward VIIC. George VID. George VII20. In January _____ Britain became a member of the European Economic Community.A. 1957B. 1967C. 1973D. 197921. soon after _____, Britain not only gave up its econmic hegemony but also suffered a deep loss of its position of industrial leadership.A. 1900B. the First World WarC. the Second World WarD. 196022. In the 1970s among the developed countries, Britain maintained the lowest _____ rate and the highest _____ rate.A. inflation, growthB. growth, inflationC. growth, divorceD. growth, birth23. The following are all reasons of British decline of coal industry except _____.A.the exhaustion of old minesB. costly extractionB. C. little money being invested D. the labour shortage24. Britain’s foreign trade is mainly with _____.A. developing countriesB. other Commonwealth countriesC. other developed countriesD. EC25. The House of Lords is presided over by _____.A. the Lord ChancellorB. the QueenC. the Archbishop of CanterburyD. the Prime Minister26. A General Election is held every _____ years and there are _____ members of Parliaments are elected.A. five, 600B. five, 650C. five, 651D. four, 65127. The Prime Minister is appointed by _____ and he or she always sits in _____.A. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of CommonsB. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of LordsC. the Queen, the House of CommonsD. the Queen, the House of Lords28. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in _____.A. the QueenB. the CabinetC. the House of LordsD. the House of Commons29. The sources of British law include _____.A. statutes, common law, equity law and European Community lawB. statutes, common law and equity lawC. statutes, common law and European Community lawD. a complete code and statutes30. In criminal trials by jury, _____ passes sentenced and _____ decide the issue of guilt or innocence.A. the judge, the juryB. the judge, the judgeC. the jury, the juryD. the Lord Chancellor, the jury31. ____ tries the most serious offences such as murder and robbery.A. Magistrates’ courtsB. Youth courtsC. district courtsD. The Crown Court32. London’s Metropolitan Police Force is under the control of _____.A. the England secretariesB. the Scottish SecretariesC. Northern Ireland SecretariesD. the Home Secretary33. The National Health Service was established in the UK in _____ and based at first on _____.A. 1948, Acts of ParliamentB. 1958, Acts of ParliamentC. 1948, the Bill of RightsD. 1958, the Bill of Rights34. The non-contributory social security benefits include the following except _____.A. war pensionB. child benefitC. family creditD. unemployment benefit35. Except that _____ may not be a Roman Catholic, public offices are open without distinction to members of all churchs or of none.A. the lord ChancellorB. the Prime MinisterC. the SpeakerD. the ministers of all departments36. About 90 per cent of the state secondary school population in the UK attend _____.A. independent schoolsB. junior schoolsC. independent schoolsD. primary schools37. There are some ____ universities, including the Open University.A. 900B. 290C. 90D. 5038. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can _____ by law.A. receive completely free educationB. receive parly free educationC. receive no free education if their families are richD. receive no free education at all39. With regard to its size, the USA is the _____ country in the world.A. largestB. second largestC. third largestD. fourth largest40. In the following rivers, _____ has been called the American Ruhr.A. the MississippiB. the MissouriC. the HudsonD. the Ohio41. Among the following rivers, _____ forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the U.S.A. the PotomacB. the ColumbiaC. the Rio Grande RiverD. the Colorado42. All the following universities and colleges are located in New England, except _____.A. YaleB. HarvardC. OxfordD. Massachusetts Institute of Technology43. The nation’s capital city Washington D.C. and New York are located in _____.A. the American WestB. the Great PlainsC. the MidwestD. the Middle Atlantic States44. The Midwest in America’s most important _____ area.A. agriculturalB. industrialC. manufacturingD. mining in dustry45. In the case of Brown versus Board of Education, the Supreme Court ruled that _____.A. separate educational facilities had been illegalB. educational facilities had been separate but equalC. educational facilities had been equalD. separate educational facilities were inherently unequal46. The Chinese Exclusion Act was passed in _____.A. 1882B. 1883C. 1900D. 192447. The first immigrants in American history came from ____ and ____.A. Ireland/FranceB. England/ChinaC. Scotland/EnglandD. England/Netherland48. Uncle To m’s Cabin and Roots are two novels which give a vivid description of the miserable lifeof the _____.A. early settlersB. PuritansC. native IndiansD. black slaves49. According to American historians and specialists in demography, there are _____ great population movement in the history of the United States.A. twoB. threeC. fourD. five50. Many early Chinese immigrants worked in the mining industry, especially in the _____.A. gold minesB. silver minesC. coal minesD. copper mines51. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by _____.A. James MadisonB. Thomes JeffersonC. Alexander HamiltonD. George Washington52. On July 4, 1776, _____ adopted the Declaration of Independerce.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Third Continental CongressD. the Constitutional Convention53. The victory of _____ was the turning point of the War of Independence.A. SaratogaB. GettysburgC. TrentonD. Yorktown54. Ten amendments introduced by James Madison in 1789 were added to the Constitution. Theyare knows as _____.A. the Articles of ConfederationB. the Bill of RightC. the Civil RightsD. Federalist Papers55. President Jefferson bought _____ from France and doubled the country’s territory.A. New MexicoB. the Louisiana TerritoryC. KansasD. Ohio56. The Declaration of Independence came from the theory of British philosopher _____.A. Paul RevereB. John LockeC. CornwallisD. Frederick Douglass57. During the WWII, the Axis powers were mainly made up by __.A. Germany, France and JapanB. France, Japan and BritainC. Germany, Italy and BritainD. German, Italy and Japan58. The Progressive Movement is a movement demanding government regulation of the _____ and_____ conditions.A. economy/politicalB. social/politicalC. economy/socialD. political/cultural59. As a result of WWI, _____ was not one of the defeated nations.A. GermanyB. Austro-HungaryC. OttomanD. Russia60. The aim of President Roosevelt’s New Deal was to “save American _____.” A. economyB. politicsC. societyD. democracy答案I. Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices.1. B2. C3. A4. D5. D6. C7. A8. C9. B 10. D 11. D 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D 16. B 17. A 18.D 19. A 20. C 21. C 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. A 31. D 32. D 33. A 34. D 35.A 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. D 41.C 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. D 46. A 47. D 48. D 49. C 50. A 51.B 52.B 53. A 54. B 55. B 56. B 57. D 58.C 59.D 60. D 61. C 62. B 63. D 64. C 65. D 66. D 67. B 68. C 69.C 70.D 71. B 72. B 73. B 74. D 75. DII. Fill in the blanks:1. Ceographically speaking, the north and west of Britain are _______, while the east and south-eastare mostly______.2. Welsh is located in the ______ of Great Britain.3. The ancestors of the English ______, while the Scots, Welsh and Irish the ______.4. In the mid-5th century, three Teuronic tribes ______, _____, and _____ invaded Britain. Among them,the _____ gave their name to English people.5. The battle of _______ witnessed the death of Harold in October, 1066.6. Under William, the ______ system in England was completely established.7. The property record in William’s time is known as ______, which was compiled in _____.8. _____’s grave became a place of pilgrimage in and beyond chaucer’s time after he was murdered.9. ______ was the deadly bubonic plague, which reduced England’s population from four million to______ million by the end of the 14th century.10. One of the consequences of the Uprising of 1381 was the emergence of a new class of ______farmers.11. James I and his son Charles I both believed firmly in ______.12. During the Civil War, the Cavaliers supported ________, while the Roundheads supported_______.13. After the Civil War, Oliver Cromwell declared England a ______, later, he became _________.14. In 1707, the Act of _______ united England and ______.15. The two parties originated with the Glorious Revolution were _____ and _______. The former werethe forerunners of the ______ Party, the latter were of the ______ party.16. In 1765, the Scottish inventor _____ produced a very efficient _____ that could be applied to textileand other machinery.f the world.17. After the Industrial Revolution, Britain became the “______” o18. During the Second World War ________ led Britain to final victory in 1945.19. In 1974 and 1977, the two ______ shock caused inflation to rise dramatically.20. Natural gas was discovered in 1965 and oil in 1970 under _______.21. _______ has Europe’s largest collection of foreign owned chip factories.22. New industries in Britain include______, ______ and other high-tech industries.23. The party which wins the second largest number of seats becomes the official ______, with its ownleader and “______ cabinet”.24. The Prime Minister is appointed by ______, and his/her official residence is _____.25. There are two tiers of local government throughout England and Wales: _____ and ______.26. The criminal law in Britain presumes the _____ of the accused until he has been proved guiltybeyond reasonable doubt.27. The jury usually consists of _______ persons in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, and _____persons in Scotland.28. The ultimate court of appeal in civil cases throughout the UK is _______.29. In Britain the welfare state applies mainly to _____, national insurance and ______.30. The two established churches in Britain are ____ and _____.31. Education in the UK is compulsory for all between the ages of (______ in Northen Ireland) and_____.32. In the past children in Britain were allocated to different secondary schools on the basis of selection tests known as _______, which was replaced by ______.33. Education after 16 in the UK is divided into _____ and ______.34. The most-known universities in Britain are _____ and _____ which date from the _____ and _____centuries.35. In ____, Alaska and Havaii became the 49th and 50th states.36. In the Great Lakes, only _____ belongs to U.S. completely while the other four are shared withGanada.37. _______ is separated from the main land by Canada.38. The Rockies, the backbone of the North American Continent, is also known as _____.39. _____ is the largest continental state in area in the U.S.40. The West can be divided into three parts: the Great Plains, the Rocky Mountains and _____.41. The South is the headquarters of a large segment of the ______ and ________ industry.42. New England is sometimes called the ______ of America.43. _______ is considered to be one of the characteristics of the American people since one in fivemoves to a new home every year.44. The first blacks were brought to north America as slaves in _____.45. The largest group of Asian-Americans are the ______.II. Fill in the blanks:1. highlands, lowlands2. west3. Anglo-Saxons, Celts4. Jutes, Saxons, Angles, Angles5. Hastings6. feudal7. Domesday Book, 10868. Thomas Becket9. Black Death, two 10. yeomen 11. the Divine Right of Kings 12. the king, the Parliament 13. Commonwealth, L ord Protector 14. Union, Scotland 15. Whigs Tories Liberal Conservative 16. James Watt steam engine 17. workship 18. Winston Churchill19. oil 20. the North Sea 21. Scotland 22. microprocessors and computer, biotechnology23. Opposition, shadow 24. the Queen, No. 10 Downing 25. country councils, districtcouncils 26. innocence 27. 12, 15 28. the House of Lords 29. the National Health Service,social security 30. the Church of England, the Church of Scotland 31. 5, 4, 16 32.eleven-plus, comprehensive schools 33. further education, high education34. Oxford, Cambridge, 12th, 13th 35. 1959 36. Lake Michigan 37. Alaska 38. the ContinentalDivide 39. Texas 40. the Intermountain Basin and Plateau 41. rocket/missile 42. birthplace43. Mobility 44. 1619 45. Chinese-AmericansIII. Explain the following terms.1. the Hardian’s Wall: I t was one of the two great walls built by the Romans to keep the Picts out ofthe area they had conquered.2. Alfred the Great Alfred was a strong king of the wisemen. It was created by the Anglo-Saxons toadvise the king. It’s the basis of the Privy Council which still exists today.3. William the Conqueror William was Duke of Normandy. He landed his army in Oct, 1066 anddefeated king Harold. Then he was crowned king of England on Christams Day the same year. Heestablished a strong Norman government and the feudal system in England.4. the battle of Hastings In 1066, King Edward died with no heir, the Witan chose Harold as king.William, Duke of Normandy, invaded England. On October 14, the two armies met near Hasting.After a day’s battle, Harold was killed and his army completely defeated. So this battle was very important on the way of the Roman conquest.5. Domesday Book Under William, the feudal system was established. William sent officials tocompile a property record known as Domesday Book, which completed in 1086. It was the result of ageneral survey of England made in 1085. It stated the extent, value, the population, state of cultivation, and ownership of the land. It seemed to the English like the Book of doom on JudgementDay.6. the Great Charter King John’s reign caused much discontent among the barons. In 1215, he wasforced to sign a document, known as Mangna Cara, or the Great Charter. It has 63 clauses. Thoughit has long been regarded as the foundation of English liberities, its spirit was the limitation of theking’s powers, keeping them within the bounds of the feudal law of the land.7. the Hundred Years’ War It referred to the intermittent war between France and England that lastfrom 1337 to 1453. The causes were partly territorial and partly economic. When Edward III claimedthe French Crown but the French refused to recognize, the war broke out. At first the English weresuccessful, but in the end, they were defeated and lost almost all their possessions in France. Theexpelling of the English was a blessing for both countries.War. She8. Joan of Arc She was a national heroine of France during the Hundred Years’ successfully led the French to drive the English out of France.9. the Black Death It was the deadly bubonic plague who spread through Europe in the 14th century. It swept through England without warning and any cure, and sparing no victims. It killedbetween half and one-third of the population of England. Thus, much land was left untended andlabour was short. It caused far-reaching economic consequences.10. the Wars of Roses They referred to the battles between the House of Lancaster and the House ofYork between 1455 and 1485. The former was symbolized by the red rose, and the latter by the whiteone. After the wars, feudalism received its death blow and the king’s power became supreme. Thdor monarchs ruled England and Wales for over two hundred years.daughter and a devout Catholic. When she became Queen, she11. Bloody Mary Henry VIII’ｓpersecuted and burnt many Protestants. So she was given the nickname “Bloody Mary”. Mary is als remembered as the monarch who lost the French port of Calais.12. Elizabeth I One of the greatest monarchs in British history. She reigned England, Wales andIreland for 45 years and remained single. Her reign was a time of confident English nationalism andof great achievements in literature and other arts, in exploration and in battle.13. Oliver Cromwell The leader during the Civil War who led the New Model Army to defeat the kingand condemned him to death. Then he declared England a Commonwealth and made himself Lord ofProtector. He ruled England till the restoration of charles II in 1660.14. the Bill of Rights In 1689, William and Mary accepted the Bill of Rights to be crowned jointly.The bill excluded any Roman Catholic from the succession, confirmed the principle of parliamentarysupremacy and guaranteed free speech within both the two Houses. Thus the age of constitutionalmonarchy began.15. Whigs and Tories It referred to the two party names which originated with the Glorious Revolution of 1688. The Whigs were those who opposed absolute monarchy and supported the rightto religious freedom for Noncomformists. The Tories were those who supported hereditary monarchyand were reluctant to remove kings. The Whigs formed a coalition with dissident Tories and becamethe Liberal Party. The Tories were the forerunners of the Conservative Party.16. James Watt The Scottish inventor who produced an efficient steam engine with rotary motionthat could be applied to textile and other machinery.17. Winston Churchill Prime Minister of Britain during the Second World War. He took over Chamberlain in 1940 and received massive popular support. He led his country to final victory in1945. He was defeated in the general election of 1945, but returned to power in 1951.ed like an18. Agribusiness It refers to the new farming in Britain, because it’s equipped and managindustrial business with a set of inputs into the farm of processes which occur on the farm, andoutputs or products which leave the farm. The emphasis is upon intensive farming, designes to givethe maximum output of crops and animals.19. the British Constitution There is no written constitution in the United Kingdom. The BritishConstitution is not set out in any single document, but made up of statute law, common law andconventions. The Judiciary determines common law and interpret statues.20. Queen Elizabeth II The present Sovereign, born in 1926, came to the throne in 1952 and wascrowned in 1953. The Queen is the symbol of the whole nation, the center of many national ceremonies and the leader of society.21. the Opposition In the General Election, the party which wins the second largest number of seatsbecomes the offcial Opposition, with its own leader and “shadow cabinet”. The aims of the Oppositio are to contribute to the formulation of policy and legislation, to oppose government proposals, toseek amendments to government bills, and to put forward its own policies in order to win the nextgeneral election.22. the Privy Council Formerly the chief source of executive power. It gave the Sovereign privateadvice on the gov ernment of the country. Today its role is mainly formal, advising the (“privy”)Sovereign to approve certain government decrees and issuing royal proclamation. Its membership isabout 400.23. common law A written law gathered from numerous decisions of the courts and other sources.24. the jury A legal system established in England since king Henry II. The jury consists of ordinary,independent citizens summoned by the court: 12 persons in England, Wales and Northern Ireland,and 15 persons in Scotland. In criminal trials by jury, the judge passes sentence but the jury decidethe issue of guilt or innocence.25. the NHS The National Health Service was established in the UK in 1948 and based first on Actsof Parliament. This Service provides for every resident a full range of medical services. It is basedupon the principle that there should be full range of publicly provided services designed to help theindividual stay healthy. It is now a largely free service.26. comprehensive schools State secondary schools which take pupils without reference to abilityand provide a wide-ranging secondary education for all or most of the children in a district. About 90per cent of the state secondary school population in GB attend comprehensive school.27. public schools Fee-paying secondary schools which are longestablished and have gained a reputation for their high academic standards, as well as their exclusiveness and snobbery. The boysfamous schools public schools include such well-known schools as Eton and Harrow, and girls’ include Roedean. Most of the members of the British Establishment were educated at a public school.28. the Great Lakes The Great Lakes are the most important lakes in the United States. They areLake Superior, which is the largest fresh water lake in the world, Lake Michigan —— the only one entirely in the U.S. ——Lake Huron, Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. They are all located between Canada and the United States except Lake Michigan.29. New England New England is made up of six states of the North-East. They are Maine, NewHampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut. It is sometimes called the birthplace of America.30. baby boom “baby boom” refers to the great increase of birth rate between 1946 and 1964. Peopleborn in this period are called baby bammers.31. the Chinese Exclusion Act It was passed by the U.S. Congress in may, 1882. It stopped Chinese immigration for ten years.32. the Bill of Rights In 1789, James Madison introduced in the House of Representations a seriesof amendments which later were drafted into twelve proposed amendments and sent to the states forratification. Ten of them were ratified in 1791 and became the first ten amendments to the Constitution —— the Bill of Rights.33. the Emancipation Proclamation During the Civil war, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation to get more support for the Union at home and abroad. It granted freedom to all slaves.34. the Constitutional Convention In 1787, a conference was held in Philadelphia to consider whatshould be done to make the Articles of Confederation adequate. All the delegates agreed to revise theArticles of Confederation and draw up a new plan of government. After struggle, the Constitution wasratified at last. This conference is called the Constitutional Convertion.35. the Progressive Movement The Progressive Movement is a movement demanding governmentregulation of the economy and social conditions. It spread quickly with the support of large numbersof people across the country. It was not an organized campaign with clearly defined goals.36. the Peace Conference The Peace Conference or the Paris Conference, began on January 18,1919. The conference was actually a conference of division of colonies of Germany, Austro-Hungaryand the Ottoman Empire and the grabbing of as much as possible from the defeated nations. It wasdominated by the Big Four (the United States, Britain. France, and Italy)37. the Truman Doctrine: On March 12, 1949, President Truman put forward the Truman Doctrinein a speech to the joint session of Congress. The Truman Doctrine meant to say that the U.S. government would support any country which said it was fighting against Communism.38. the Marshall Plan On June 5, 1947, the Secretary of State George Marshall announced theMarshall Plan, which meant that in order to protect Western Europe from possible Soviet expansion,the United States decided to offer Western European countries economic aid.39. the New Frontier It was the President Kennedy’s program which promised civil rights for blacks, federal aid to farmers and to education, medical care for all and the abolition of poverty.40. checks and balances:The government is divided into three branches, the legislative, the executive and the judicial, eachhas part of the powers but not all the power. And each branch of government can check, or block, theactions of the other branches. The three branches are thus in balance. This called “checks and balances”．IV. Answer briefly the following questions.1. What do you know about the Roman invasion of Britain? —— In 55 BC and 54 BC, Julius Caesar, a Roman general, invaded Britain twice. In AD 43, the Emperor Claudius invaded Britainsuccessfully. For nearly 400 years Britain was under the Roman occupation, though it was never atotal occupation. British recorded history begins with the Roman invasion.2. Why did the William the Conqueror invade England after Edward’s death?—— It was said that king Edward had promised the English throne to William but the Witan chose Harold as king. SoWilliam led his army to invade England. In October 1066, during the important battle of Hastings,William defeated Harold and killed him. On Christmas Day, William was crowned king of England,thus beginning the Norman Conquest of England.3. What were the consequences of the Norman Conquest?——The Norman Conquest of 1066 isone of the best known events in English history. It brought about many consequences. William confiscated almost all the land and gave it to his Norman followers. He replaced the weak Saxon rulewith a strong Norman government. So the feudal system was completely established in England.Relations with the Continent were opened, and civilization and commerce were extended. Norman-French culture, language, manners, and architecture were been introduced. The churchwas brought into closer connection with Rome, and the church courts were separated from the civilcourts.4. What were the contents and the significance of the Great Charter?—— The Great Charter, orthe Magna Carta, was document signed in 1215 between the barons and king John. It had altogether63 clauses, of which the most important contents were these: (1) no tax should be made without theapproval of the Grand Council; (2) no freeman should be arrested, imprisoned, or deprived of hisproperty except by the law of the land; (3) the church should possess all its rights and privileges; (4)London and other towns should retain their ancient rights and privileges; (5) there should be thesame weights and measures throughout the country. The Great Charter was a statement of the feudal and legal relationship between the Crown and the barons, a guarantee of the freedom of theChurch and a limitation of the powers of the king. The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitationof the powers of the king, but it has long been regarded as the foundation of English liberties.5. What do you know about the English Renaissance?——Renaissance was the revival of classical literature and artistic styles in European history. It began in Italy in the early 14th centuryand spread to England in the late 15th century. The English Renaissance had 5 characteristics: (1)English culture was revitalized not so much directly by the classics as by contemporary Europeansunder the influence of the classics; (2) England as an insular country followed a course of social andpolitical history which was to a great extent independent of the course of history else where in Europe; (3) Owning to the great genius of the 14th century poet chaucer, the native literature wasvigorous enough and experienced in assimilating foreign influences without being subjected by them;。
大三上学期英美概况期末试卷
⼤三上学期英美概况期末试卷福建师范⼤学福清分校外语系06英本《英语国家社会与⽂化⼊门》期未试题（2009-20010学年度上学期）（B卷）班级____________座号______________ 姓名___________________________I．Multiple Choice (50%)1.Which is the most important city in the UK?a.Belfastb. Edinburghc. Glasgowd. Londona.In the Highlandsb. In the Lowlandsc. In the Uplandsd. In the west of Scotland3.Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations, but is quite well-known in the world for _____.a.its most famous landmark, the “Giant?s Causeway”b.its rich cultural life..c.its low living standards.d.its endless political problems.4. How many counties are there in Northern Ireland?a.26b.6c.32d.205. Three of the following are characteristics of London. Which is the exception?a.London is a political, economic and cultural centre of the country.b.London has a larger population than all other cities in England.c.London is not only the largest city in Britain, but also the largest in the world.d.London has played a significant role in the economic construction of the country.6. Which of the following is NOT a true description of the Queen?s role?a.The Queen selects the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.b.The Queen symbolizes the tradition and unity of the British state.c.The Queen acts as a confidante to the Prime Minister..d.The Queen is the temporal head of the Church of England.7. Which of the following king was executed in the civil war?a.James Ib. James IIc. Charles Id. Charles II8. Which of the following was NOT the reason for the relative economic decline since 1945?a. Britain did not invest in modern equipment and new products.b. Britain spent a high proportion of its national wealth on the military.c. Britain had been heavily in debt to finance the war.d. Britain had carried out the nationalization of the businesses.9. Which group of people can not vote in the general election in the UK?a.the UK citizens above the age of 18b.Lords in the House of Lordsc.Members in the House of Commonsd.The UK resident citizens of the Irish Republic10. Which of the following is NOT true about the electoral campaigns?a.Big parties can buy time to broadcast their policies on the televisionb.There is a limit on the amount of money candidates can spend in their constituency campaign.c.Candidates and their supporters go door-to-door persuading voters to vote for them.d.Candidates criticizes each other?s policies to show how good their own policies are..11. Which of the following statements is NOT true about class system in the UK?a.People of different classes tend to read different kinds of newspapers.b.Though social advancement is possible, class affects a person?s life chances.c.Class division is only decided by people?s incomeThey way people speak may identify them as belonging to a particular class.12. Which government lost a vote of no confidence and was forced to resign in 1979?a.The Conservative governmentb. the Liberal governmentc. the Labor governmentd. the radical government13. Which of the following statements about the UK economy is not true?a.There has been a period of steady decreasing of living standards.b.Britain remains one of the Group of Seven large industrial economies.c.Britain has experienced a relative economic decline since 1945.d.Some smaller economies have overtaken the UK in terms of output per capita.14. Which of the following book was written by Joseph Conrad?a.Sense and Sensibilityb. The Heart of Darknessc. Mrs. Dallowayd. Tess of the D?Urbervilles.15. In aerospace industry, which two countries are ahead of Britain?a.The U.S and Germanyb. the U.S. and Russiac. Germany and Russiad. France and Russia16. Which is one of the most famous early “Old English” literary works ?a.The Canterbury Talesb. Beowulfc. King Leard. Morte D? Arthur17. Which was the leader of the Conservative party right after the Iron Lady?a.John Majorb. Tony Blairc. Harold Wilsond. Margaret Thatcher18. Which of the following did not belong to Romanticism?a.Keatsb. Shelleyc. Wordsworthd. E.M. Foster19. Wuthering Heights is the masterpiece by ?a.Emily Bronteb. Charlotte Brontec. Anne Bronted. Robert Burns20. The famous song “Auld Lang Syne” is written by Robert Burns in _______?a.Welsh dialectb. Irish dialectc. Scots dialectd. England dialect21.Which of the following was the most famous Scottish novelist?a. D.H. Lawrenceb. Robert L. Stevensonc. Charles Dickensd. Walter Scott22. Which of the following is a tragedy written by Shakespeare?a. Dr. Faustusb. Hamletc. Frankensteind. Sense and Sensibility23. Australia is generally divided into the following three topographical regions except _____.a. the Great Western Plateaub. the Outbackc. the Eastern Highlandsd. the Central Eastern Lowlands24. ____________is the only country covering the whole continent.a. Irelandb. U.Kc. Australiad. New Zealand25. The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitation of the powers of ________, keeping them within the bounds of the feudal law of the land.a. the Archbishop of Canterburyb. the baronsc. the churchd. the king26. The word “Yahoo” comes from Gulliver?s Travels written by ________.a. Daniel Defoeb. Jonathan swiftc. William Wordsworthd. Coleridge27. Which writer is associated with the “stream of consciousness” technique in British literature?a. Joseph Conradb. Virginia Woolfc. D.H. Lawrenced. George Orwell28.. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16a.can legally receive partly free education.b.can not receive free education at all.c.can legally receive completely free education.d.can not receive free education if their parents are rich.29. If a student wants to go to university in Britain, he will take the examination calleda.General Certificate of Education-Advanced.b.General Certificate of Secondary Education.c.the common entrance examination.d.General National Vocational Qualifications.30. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Open University?a.It's open to everybody.b.Students will not receive a university degree.c.It requires no formal educational qualifications.d.University courses are followed through TV, radio, correspondence, etc.31. Which of the following schools in Britain would admit children without reference to their academic abilities?/doc/712cfafbf61fb7360b4c65ff.html prehensive schools.b. Secondary schools.c. Independent schools.d. Grammar schools.32. How much of the globe did Britain, rule in its imperial prime?a. A forth of the globeb. a fifth of the globec. a third of the globed. two-thirds of the globe33. Why does Britain have its nuclear naval force?a. Because it?s one of the developed countries in the world.b. because it?s a traditional sea power.c. Because it has an advanced industry.d. Because it?s able to produce submarines.34. The present British foreign policy is mainly influenced by the following factors excepta. its imperial historyb. its geopolitical traitsc. its special relationship with the U.Sd. its schizophrenic attitude to Europe35. Three of the following factors have contributed to a certain degree of Britain's special relationship with the United States. Which is the exception?a.Britain and the United States share the general ideas in many respects.b.They have common interests in every respects.c.They agree generally on how the world economy should be managed.d.They have special links in culture.36. Which of the following is the world?s oldest national newspaper?a. The Timesb. Daily Telegraphc. the Guardiand. The Observer37. The sentence, "You'll never find in a British newspaper who meets who", reflects the fact thata.British press is free from censorship.b.There are some limits to what will appear in the daily paper.c.British press very often contains false news.d.British government has a firm control of the content.38. Which of the following about the tabloids is not true?a. They are big format newspapers.b. they are often called “ the gutter press”c. They mainly deal in scandals and gossip about famous peopled. They carry stories with color photos and catchy headlines.39. Which of the following is true about the Guy Fawkes Night?a. It is celebrated by Scottish people in November.b. It is celebrated by English people In November.c. It is celebrated by Scottish people in August.d. It is celebrated by English people in August.40. On which day is Halloween celebrated?a. October 31stb. November 5thc. March 17thd. December 25th.41. The word “Ireland” is used ambiguously to mean__________.a. both the Republic and Northern Irelandb. Republic of Irelandc. Northern Irelandd. the southern 26 states in Ireland.42. Australia?s practice of racial segregation was similar to that of _________.a. Portugal and the US.b. Holland and South Africac. South Africa and the USd. Portugal and Holland43. Among the following writers, which is not Irish according to the claim of Ireland?a. Jonathan Swiftb. Charles Dickensc. Bernard Shawd. Oscar Wilde44. Who invented the steam turbine engine?a. Rowan Hamiltonb. William Parsonsc. Charles Parsonsd. John Philip Holland45. The death blow to the Irish language was ________.a. The British colonial rule .b. the independence of Ireland.c. the Great Famined. Ireland?s accession to the EU.46. In 1787, Britain decided to colonize Australia becausea. Captain Cook?s account of his discovery was not interesting.b. Britain wanted to control the gold mines in Australia.c. Australia was an attractive place to English people.d. Britain needed new places to transport its criminals.47. The state that had the first British settlement is ________a. Queensland.b. New South Walesc. Western Australiad. Victoria48. Which of the following is NOT a native Australian animal?a. merinob. wombatc. koalad. kangaroo49. Under the policy of segregation, the aboriginal people______.a. were forcibly removed from their own landb. were allowed to have their won land as private reserves.c. were often employed by the Christian Church.d. were considered to be intellectually exploitable.50. Emancipists were___________.a. magistratesb. pastoralistsc. retired officialsd. ex-convictsII. True or False? (15%)1. The original intention of the massive post-war immigration program was tokeep Australia “white and free?. _____2. Northern Ireland is the most rugged part in landscape of all the four nations ofthe UK.______3. The focus of the Elite Theory is on how small groups of people control and manipulate power. _______4. Whistle-blowers are people who try to expose problems of corruption and inefficiency in the government.______5. It was said that Christianity was introduced into England by Saint Patrick. ______6. Common Laws are the laws passed by the Parliament of the UK. ______7. The Australian political system follows the Western democratic tradition, reflecting British and North American experience. ______8. India was once called "The Jewel in the Crown", because it exported massive raw materials andjewels to Britain. ________9. The Conservative party, formed in the growing union movement, is the newest one of the three major parties in the UK.________10. Grammar Schools emphasize on the more general curriculum rather than advanced academic work. 11. MPs refer to the parliament member in Ireland.______12. The “shadow cabinet ” of the opposition can take over the government when there is a constitutionalcrisis._________13. Don Juan is an epic poem composed by John Milton._________14. The British Broadcasting Corporation is funded by license fees and viewers must buy a licenseeach year for their TV set.15. 20th -century literature can be broadly divided into two stylistic periods: modernism andpostmodernism.III. Directions: Explain the following terms in English, using your own words.(10%) 1. What is “round table? 2. What ?s the most important religious groups in Ireland?3. What are Australia ?s most distinctive physical features ?4. What is The Commonwealth?5. How many types can the newspaper be classified according to the content? What are they?IV . Question for Discussion( 25%)1. What ?s the significance of the Great Charta in British history? (100-150words)(15%) 2, Below are three statements of political beliefs. Read through them carefullyA_______________________ B._________________________ C._______________________福建师范⼤学福清分校外语系06英本《英语国家社会与⽂化⼊门》期未试题卷班级____________座号______________ 姓名___________________________III. Directions: Explain the following terms in English, using your own words.10%1. What is “round table?2. What?s the most important religious groups in Ireland?3. What are Australia?s most distinctive physical features ?4.What is The Commonwealth?5.How the newspaper can be classified according to the content?IV. Question for Discussion( 25%)1. What?s the significance of the Great Charta in British history? (100-150words) (15%)2. Below are three statements of political beliefs. Read through them carefully and see if you can decide which political party they would vote for in an election in Britain. (10%)A_______________________ B._________________________ C._______________________福建师范⼤学福清分校外语系06英本《英语国家社会与⽂化⼊门》期未试题答案（2009-20010学年度上学期）（A卷）I．Multiple Choice (50%)1---5 . dbdba 6---10 acdba 11----15 ccabb 16---20 badac21---25 dbbcd 26---30 bbcab 31---35 acbdb 36---40 dbaba41---45 acbcc 46---50 dbaadII. True or False? (15%)1. T2. F3.T4. T5. F6. F7. T8. F9. F 10. F 11. F 12. F 13. F 14. T 15. TIII. Directions: Explain the following terms in English, using your own words.(10%)1．What is “round table?According to legend Arthur?s gathered a company of knights to him, who sat to gather at Arthur?s castle at Camelot. Conflict between his knights led to Arthur creating the famous “round table”at which all would have equal precedence. Perhaps this could be seen as indicator of the earliest democratic system2．What?s the most important religious groups in Ireland?Catholics and Protestants3. What are Australia?s most distinctive physical features ?The Great Dividing Range and the Great Barrier Reef4.What is The Commonwealth?The Commonwealth is a voluntary association of states which is made up moistly of former British colonies. There are 50 members of the Commonwealth: many of these are developing countries like India and Cyprus; others are developed nations like Australia, Canada and New Zealand. The Commonwealth was set up as a forum for continued cooperation and as a sort of support network.5.How many types can the newspaper be classified according to the content? What are they?Two, They are Broadsheet and tabloid.IV. Question for Discussion( 30%)1. What is the significance of the Great Charta in British history?(100-150words)(15%)In 1215, King John was forced by a group of feudal barons and the Church to grant them a charterof liberty and political right, which is known by its medieval Latin name of Magna Carta.( or the Great Charta ). The most important significance of this Charta is that it place some limits on the king?s ability to abuse his royal power. And for the first time the merchants and craftsmen can represent as a new political force. Also the townspeople can have the freedom in trading and self-governing. This is still regarded as Britain?s key expression of the rights of citizens against the Crown. And it is still part of the British Constitution today2, Below are three statements of political beliefs. Read through them carefully and see if you can decide which political party they would vote for in an election. (10%)A. Conservative;B. Liberal Democrat;C. Labor。
大学英美概况试题及答案
大学英美概况试题及答案# 大学英语英美概况试题及答案一、选择题1. 英国的首都是哪里？A. 伦敦B. 爱丁堡C. 曼彻斯特D. 利物浦答案：A2. 美国的独立日是什么时候？A. 7月4日B. 7月14日C. 8月15日D. 9月11日答案：A3. 以下哪个不是英国的传统节日？A. 圣诞节B. 复活节C. 感恩节D. 圣乔治日答案：C4. 美国的官方语言是什么？A. 英语B. 西班牙语C. 法语D. 德语答案：A5. 英国的货币单位是什么？A. 欧元B. 英镑C. 美元D. 日元答案：B二、填空题6. 英国由四个构成国组成，分别是_________、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰。
答案：英格兰7. 美国的首都是_________。
答案：华盛顿哥伦比亚特区8. 英国的国花是_________。
答案：玫瑰9. 美国的人口最多的州是_________。
答案：加利福尼亚州10. 英国的国歌是_________。
答案：《天佑女王》或《天佑国王》三、简答题11. 简述英国的地理位置。
答案：英国位于欧洲大陆西北面，由大不列颠岛和爱尔兰岛的北部以及其他许多小岛组成。
它被北海、英吉利海峡、凯尔特海、爱尔兰海和大西洋所环绕。
12. 描述美国的地理特征。
答案：美国位于北美洲，东临大西洋，西濒太平洋，北接加拿大，南界墨西哥和墨西哥湾。
美国有着多样化的地理特征，包括广阔的平原、高耸的山脉、深邃的峡谷和广阔的森林。
13. 英国和美国在文化上有哪些主要差异？答案：英国和美国虽然共享许多文化元素，但也存在显著差异。
例如，英国人通常更加保守和传统，而美国人则更加开放和自由。
在饮食方面，英国人喜欢喝茶和享用全英式早餐，而美国人则偏爱咖啡和快餐。
此外，英国人重视礼节和等级制度，而美国人则倾向于更加平等和非正式的社交方式。
四、论述题14. 论述英美两国在教育体系上的主要差异。
答案：英国的教育体系强调学术深度和专业研究，学生通常在16岁后选择特定学科进行深入学习。
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福建师范大学福清分校外语系06英本《英语国家社会与文化入门》期未试题（2009-20010学年度上学期）（B卷）班级____________座号______________ 姓名___________________________I．Multiple Choice (50%)1.Which is the most important city in the UK?a.Belfastb. Edinburghc. Glasgowd. Londona.In the Highlandsb. In the Lowlandsc. In the Uplandsd. In the west of Scotland3.Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations, but is quite well-known in the world for _____.a.its most famous landmark, the “Giant‟s Causeway”b.its rich cultural life..c.its low living standards.d.its endless political problems.4. How many counties are there in Northern Ireland?a.26b.6c.32d.205. Three of the following are characteristics of London. Which is the exception?a.London is a political, economic and cultural centre of the country.b.London has a larger population than all other cities in England.c.London is not only the largest city in Britain, but also the largest in the world.d.London has played a significant role in the economic construction of the country.6. Which of the following is NOT a true description of the Queen‟s role?a.The Queen selects the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.b.The Queen symbolizes the tradition and unity of the British state.c.The Queen acts as a confidante to the Prime Minister..d.The Queen is the temporal head of the Church of England.7. Which of the following king was executed in the civil war?a.James Ib. James IIc. Charles Id. Charles II8. Which of the following was NOT the reason for the relative economic decline since 1945?a. Britain did not invest in modern equipment and new products.b. Britain spent a high proportion of its national wealth on the military.c. Britain had been heavily in debt to finance the war.d. Britain had carried out the nationalization of the businesses.9. Which group of people can not vote in the general election in the UK?a.the UK citizens above the age of 18b.Lords in the House of Lordsc.Members in the House of Commonsd.The UK resident citizens of the Irish Republic10. Which of the following is NOT true about the electoral campaigns?a.Big parties can buy time to broadcast their policies on the televisionb.There is a limit on the amount of money candidates can spend in their constituency campaign.c.Candidates and their supporters go door-to-door persuading voters to vote for them.d.Candidates criticizes each other‟s policies to show how good their own policies are..11. Which of the following statements is NOT true about class system in the UK?a.People of different classes tend to read different kinds of newspapers.b.Though social advancement is possible, class affects a person‟s life chances.c.Class division is only decided by people‟s incomeThey way people speak may identify them as belonging to a particular class.12. Which government lost a vote of no confidence and was forced to resign in 1979?a.The Conservative governmentb. the Liberal governmentc. the Labor governmentd. the radical government13. Which of the following statements about the UK economy is not true?a.There has been a period of steady decreasing of living standards.b.Britain remains one of the Group of Seven large industrial economies.c.Britain has experienced a relative economic decline since 1945.d.Some smaller economies have overtaken the UK in terms of output per capita.14. Which of the following book was written by Joseph Conrad?a.Sense and Sensibilityb. The Heart of Darknessc. Mrs. Dallowayd. Tess of the D‟Urbervilles.15. In aerospace industry, which two countries are ahead of Britain?a.The U.S and Germanyb. the U.S. and Russiac. Germany and Russiad. France and Russia16. Which is one of the most famous early “Old English” literary works ?a.The Canterbury Talesb. Beowulfc. King Leard. Morte D‟ Arthur17. Which was the leader of the Conservative party right after the Iron Lady?a.John Majorb. Tony Blairc. Harold Wilsond. Margaret Thatcher18. Which of the following did not belong to Romanticism?a.Keatsb. Shelleyc. Wordsworthd. E.M. Foster19. Wuthering Heights is the masterpiece by ?a.Emily Bronteb. Charlotte Brontec. Anne Bronted. Robert Burns20. The famous song “Auld Lang Syne” is written by Robert Burns in _______?a.Welsh dialectb. Irish dialectc. Scots dialectd. England dialect21.Which of the following was the most famous Scottish novelist?a. D.H. Lawrenceb. Robert L. Stevensonc. Charles Dickensd. Walter Scott22. Which of the following is a tragedy written by Shakespeare?a. Dr. Faustusb. Hamletc. Frankensteind. Sense and Sensibility23. Australia is generally divided into the following three topographical regions except _____.a. the Great Western Plateaub. the Outbackc. the Eastern Highlandsd. the Central Eastern Lowlands24. ____________is the only country covering the whole continent.a. Irelandb. U.Kc. Australiad. New Zealand25. The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitation of the powers of ________, keeping them withinthe bounds of the feudal law of the land.a. the Archbishop of Canterburyb. the baronsc. the churchd. the king26. The word “Yahoo” comes from Gulliver‟s Travels written by ________.a. Daniel Defoeb. Jonathan swiftc. William Wordsworthd. Coleridge27. Which writer is associated with the “stream of consciousness” technique in British literature?a. Joseph Conradb. Virginia Woolfc. D.H. Lawrenced. George Orwell28.. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16a.can legally receive partly free education.b.can not receive free education at all.c.can legally receive completely free education.d.can not receive free education if their parents are rich.29. If a student wants to go to university in Britain, he will take the examination calleda.General Certificate of Education-Advanced.b.General Certificate of Secondary Education.c.the common entrance examination.d.General National Vocational Qualifications.30. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Open University?a.It's open to everybody.b.Students will not receive a university degree.c.It requires no formal educational qualifications.d.University courses are followed through TV, radio, correspondence, etc.31. Which of the following schools in Britain would admit children without reference to theiracademic abilities?prehensive schools.b. Secondary schools.c. Independent schools.d. Grammar schools.32. How much of the globe did Britain, rule in its imperial prime?a. A forth of the globeb. a fifth of the globec. a third of the globed. two-thirds of the globe33. Why does Britain have its nuclear naval force?a. Because it‟s one of the developed countries in the world.b. because it‟s a traditional sea power.c. Because it has an advanced industry.d. Because it‟s able to produce submarines.34. The present British foreign policy is mainly influenced by the following factors excepta. its imperial historyb. its geopolitical traitsc. its special relationship with the U.Sd. its schizophrenic attitude to Europe35. Three of the following factors have contributed to a certain degree of Britain's special relationshipwith the United States. Which is the exception?a.Britain and the United States share the general ideas in many respects.b.They have common interests in every respects.c.They agree generally on how the world economy should be managed.d.They have special links in culture.36. Which of the following is the world‟s oldest national newspaper?a. The Timesb. Daily Telegraphc. the Guardiand. The Observer37. The sentence, "You'll never find in a British newspaper who meets who", reflects the fact thata.British press is free from censorship.b.There are some limits to what will appear in the daily paper.c.British press very often contains false news.d.British government has a firm control of the content.38. Which of the following about the tabloids is not true?a. They are big format newspapers.b. they are often called “ the gutter press”c. They mainly deal in scandals and gossip about famous peopled. They carry stories with color photos and catchy headlines.39. Which of the following is true about the Guy Fawkes Night?a. It is celebrated by Scottish people in November.b. It is celebrated by English people In November.c. It is celebrated by Scottish people in August.d. It is celebrated by English people in August.40. On which day is Halloween celebrated?a. October 31stb. November 5thc. March 17thd. December 25th.41. The word “Ireland” is used ambiguously to mean__________.a. both the Republic and Northern Irelandb. Republic of Irelandc. Northern Irelandd. the southern 26 states in Ireland.42. Australia‟s practice of racial segregation was similar to that of _________.a. Portugal and the US.b. Holland and South Africac. South Africa and the USd. Portugal and Holland43. Among the following writers, which is not Irish according to the claim of Ireland?a. Jonathan Swiftb. Charles Dickensc. Bernard Shawd. Oscar Wilde44. Who invented the steam turbine engine?a. Rowan Hamiltonb. William Parsonsc. Charles Parsonsd. John Philip Holland45. The death blow to the Irish language was ________.a. The British colonial rule .b. the independence of Ireland.c. the Great Famined. Ireland‟s accession to the EU.46. In 1787, Britain decided to colonize Australia becausea. Captain Cook‟s account of his discovery was not interesting.b. Britain wanted to control the gold mines in Australia.c. Australia was an attractive place to English people.d. Britain needed new places to transport its criminals.47. The state that had the first British settlement is ________a. Queensland.b. New South Walesc. Western Australiad. Victoria48. Which of the following is NOT a native Australian animal?a. merinob. wombatc. koalad. kangaroo49. Under the policy of segregation, the aboriginal people______.a. were forcibly removed from their own landb. were allowed to have their won land as private reserves.c. were often employed by the Christian Church.d. were considered to be intellectually exploitable.50. Emancipists were___________.a. magistratesb. pastoralistsc. retired officialsd. ex-convictsII. True or False? (15%)1. The original intention of the massive post-war immigration program was tokeep Australia “white and free‟. _____2. Northern Ireland is the most rugged part in landscape of all the four nations ofthe UK.______3. The focus of the Elite Theory is on how small groups of people control and manipulate power._______4. Whistle-blowers are people who try to expose problems of corruption and inefficiency in thegovernment.______5. It was said that Christianity was introduced into England by Saint Patrick. ______6. Common Laws are the laws passed by the Parliament of the UK. ______7. The Australian political system follows the Western democratic tradition, reflecting British and North American experience. ______8. India was once called "The Jewel in the Crown", because it exported massive raw materials andjewels to Britain. ________9. The Conservative party, formed in the growing union movement, is the newest one of the three major parties in the UK. ________10. Grammar Schools emphasize on the more general curriculum rather than advanced academic work. 11. MPs refer to the parliament member in Ireland.______12. The “shadow cabinet ” of the opposition can take over the government when there is a constitutionalcrisis._________13. Don Juan is an epic poem composed by John Milton._________14. The British Broadcasting Corporation is funded by license fees and viewers must buy a licenseeach year for their TV set.15. 20th -century literature can be broadly divided into two stylistic periods: modernism andpostmodernism.III. Directions: Explain the following terms in English, using your own words.(10%) 1. What is “round table? 2. What ‟s the most important religious groups in Ireland?3. What are Australia ‟s most distinctive physical features ?4. What is The Commonwealth?5. How many types can the newspaper be classified according to the content? What are they?IV . Question for Discussion( 25%)1. What ‟s the significance of the Great Charta in British history? (100-150words)(15%) 2, Below are three statements of political beliefs. Read through them carefullyA_______________________ B._________________________ C._______________________福建师范大学福清分校外语系06英本《英语国家社会与文化入门》期未试题卷班级____________座号______________ 姓名___________________________III. Directions: Explain the following terms in English, using your own words.10%1. What is “round table?2. What‟s the most important religious groups in Ireland?3. What are Australia‟s most distinctive physical features ?4.What is The Commonwealth?5.How the newspaper can be classified according to the content?IV. Question for Discussion( 25%)1. What‟s the significance of the Great Charta in British history? (100-150words) (15%)2. Below are three statements of political beliefs. Read through them carefully and see if you can decide which political party they would vote for in an election in Britain. (10%)A_______________________ B._________________________ C._______________________福建师范大学福清分校外语系06英本《英语国家社会与文化入门》期未试题答案（2009-20010学年度上学期）（A卷）I．Multiple Choice (50%)1---5 . dbdba 6---10 acdba 11----15 ccabb 16---20 badac21---25 dbbcd 26---30 bbcab 31---35 acbdb 36---40 dbaba41---45 acbcc 46---50 dbaadII. True or False? (15%)1. T2. F3.T4. T5. F6. F7. T8. F9. F 10. F 11. F 12. F 13. F 14. T 15. TIII. Directions: Explain the following terms in English, using your own words.(10%)1．What is “round table?According to legend Arthur‟s gathered a company of knights to him, who sat to gather at Arthur‟s castle at Camelot. Conflict between his knights led to Arthur creating the famous “round table”at which all would have equal precedence. Perhaps this could be seen as indicator of the earliest democratic system2．What‟s the most important religious groups in Ireland?Catholics and Protestants3. What are Australia‟s most distinctive physical features ?The Great Dividing Range and the Great Barrier Reef4.What is The Commonwealth?The Commonwealth is a voluntary association of states which is made up moistly of former British colonies. There are 50 members of the Commonwealth: many of these are developing countries like India and Cyprus; others are developed nations like Australia, Canada and New Zealand. The Commonwealth was set up as a forum for continued cooperation and as a sort of support network.5.How many types can the newspaper be classified according to the content? What are they?Two, They are Broadsheet and tabloid.IV. Question for Discussion( 30%)1. What is the significance of the Great Charta in British history?(100-150words)(15%)In 1215, King John was forced by a group of feudal barons and the Church to grant them a charterof liberty and political right, which is known by its medieval Latin name of Magna Carta.( or the Great Charta ). The most important significance of this Charta is that it place some limits on the king‟s ability to abuse his royal power. And for the first time the merchants and craftsmen can represent as a new political force. Also the townspeople can have the freedom in trading and self-governing. This is still regarded as Britain‟s key expression of the rights of citizens against the Crown. And it is still part of the British Constitution today2, Below are three statements of political beliefs. Read through them carefully and see if you can decide which political party they would vote for in an election. (10%)A. Conservative;B. Liberal Democrat;C. Labor。