drinking culture
中国菜名官方翻译原则
中国菜名官方翻译原则：终于知道怎么给老外介绍中国菜了夫妻肺片Couple’s Sliced Beef in Chili Sauce、麻婆豆腐Mapo Tofu、北京炸酱面Noodles with Soy Bean Paste,Beijing Style…中国菜名不仅包含了原材料，还糅合了文化、历史等元素。
掌握菜单翻译原则，看完终于知道怎么给老外介绍中国菜了!中国菜的分类Classifications of Chinese Cuisine一、八大菜系Eight Famous Cuisines鲁菜Lu Cuisine(Shandong Cuisine)川菜Chuan Cuisine(Sichuan Cuisine)粤菜Yue Cuisine(Guangdong Cuisine)闽菜Min Cuisine(Fujian Cuisine)苏菜Su Cuisine(Jiangsu Cuisine)浙菜Zhe Cuisine(Zhejiang Cuisine)湘菜Xiang Cuisine(Hunan Cuisine)徽菜Hui Cuisine(Anhui Cuisine)二、菜品分类Types of Courses凉菜类Cold Dishes热菜类Hot Dishes汤羹粥煲类Soups,Congees and Casseroles主食和小吃Main Food and Snacks西餐Western Cuisine开胃菜(头盘及沙拉类)Appetizers and Salads汤类Soups副菜Entrées主菜Main Courses配菜Side Dishes甜点Desserts饮品Drinks一、酒精类饮品Alcoholic Beverages国酒Chinese Wines洋酒Imported Wines白兰地与威士忌Brandy and Whisky金酒与朗姆酒Gin and Rum伏特加与龙舌兰Vodka and Tequila利口酒和开胃酒Liqueurs and Aperitifs红酒Red Wine二、不含酒精类饮品Non-Alcoholic Beverages三、中国饮品文化Chinese Drinking Culture中国茶文化Chinese Tea Culture中国酒文化Chinese Wine Culture中国菜名的翻译原则以主料为主，配料或配汁为辅的翻译原则1.菜肴的主料和配料主料(名称/形状)+with+配料如：松仁香菇Chinese Mushrooms with Pine Nuts2.菜肴的主料和配汁主料with/in+汤汁(Sauce)如：冰梅凉瓜Bitter Melon in Plum Sauce以烹制方法为主，原料为辅的翻译原则1.菜肴的做法和主料做法(动词过去分词)+主料(名称/形状)如：拌双耳Tossed Black and White Fungus2.菜肴的做法、主料和配料做法(动词过去分词)+主料(名称/形状)+配料如：豌豆辣牛肉Sautéed Spicy Beef and Green Peas3.菜肴的做法、主料和汤汁做法(动词过去分词)+主料(名称/形状)+with/in+汤汁如：川北凉粉Tossed Clear Noodles with Chili Sauce以形状、口感为主，原料为辅的翻译原则1.菜肴形状或口感以及主配料形状/口感+主料如：玉兔馒头Rabbit-Shaped Mantou脆皮鸡Crispy Chicken2.菜肴的做法、形状或口感、做法以及主配料做法(动词过去分词)+形状/口感+主料+配料如：小炒黑山羊Sautéed Sliced Lamb with Pepper and Parsley 以人名、地名为主，原料为辅的翻译原则1.菜肴的创始人(发源地)和主料人名(地名)+主料如：麻婆豆腐Mapo Tofu(Sautéed Tofu in Hot and Spicy Sauce)广东点心Cantonese Dim Sum2.介绍菜肴的创始人(发源地)、主配料及做法做法(动词过去式)+主辅料+人名/地名+Style如：四川辣子鸡Spicy Chicken,Sichuan Style北京炸酱面Noodles with Soy Bean Paste,Beijing Style体现中国餐饮文化，使用汉语拼音命名或音译的翻译原则1.具有中国特色且被外国人接受的传统食品，本着推广汉语及中国餐饮文化的原则，使用汉语拼音。
中英饮茶文化之间的差异英语.doc本科毕设论文
毕业论文(设计)论文（设计）题目：中英饮茶文化之间的差异（英文）The Differences of Tea-drinking Culture betweenChina and Britain姓名：学号：院（系）：外语学部专业：英语（旅游）指导老师：2010年5月The Differences of Tea-drinking Culture betweenChina and BritainStudent：Tutor:College of Arts and science of Jianghan UniversityMay, 2010AbstractChina is the native place of tea, and it is the first country in the world to plant, drink and export tea. In China, people not only formed a special way of tea drinking, but also developed an art form called tea drinking. This kind of tea culture spreads to other countries, so tea export can be regarded as carrying forward the tradition, or as spreading the culture, and It has great importance. Britain began to drink tea in the seventeenth century，comparing with other European countries, the tea culture of Britain is the most famous and typical, and it has formed its own special tea culture, for example, the world's famous Afternoon Tea, however, what is different with China’s tea culture?The paper aims to illustrate the different of tea-drinking culture between Britain and China from the four points, the manner of tea drinking, the spirit of tea ceremony, the culture of tea house, and the impact of tea drinking. At last, according to the comparison, the writer suggests two points to develop our own tea culture, establishing the national day of tea drinking and creating our own international tea brand.Key words: Tea-drinking culture Difference China Britain Suggestion摘要中国是茶的本产地, 它是世界上第一个种茶,饮茶和出口茶叶的国家。
茶文化大学英语PPT——Tea Drinking Culture
Types of Tea
• For example, Longjing is known for its refreshing aroma and light taste, while Pu'er has a rich aroma and mellow taste.
Types of Tea
• Oolong has a unique taste and aroma, and Dahongpao is rich in nutrients and has a strong taste. Tea lovers can choose their favorite types according to their preferences and tastes.
Books Relatபைடு நூலகம்d to Tea
• "The Book of Tea": This is a classic book about tea written by the Tang dynasty tea saint Lu Yu.
Books Related to Tea
• It introduces the history of tea, tea-making techniques, the use of tea sets, the art of drinking tea, and other content, which is a classic work of Chinese tea culture.
• Tea, as a traditional drink in China, has a long history. Since the Western Han Dynasty, tea began to be consumed by people, attracting countless people with its unique taste and health benefits.
中西方饮酒文化差异(英语)
perpose
• China : In China, the wine is often used as a communication tool. “所谓醉翁之意不在酒，在乎山水之间也； 青梅煮酒是为了论证谁是英雄；杯莫停的 将进酒，为的是与尔同消万古愁；竹林里 狂歌的七贤，为的是借酒避难。”
way
• China:drink off（一
饮而尽）, a drinking game,urge others to drink（劝酒） • Western:wine-tasting （品酒）,drinking alone（独饮）
protocol
（礼仪）
• China:China's drinking etiquette express the respect of drinkers. 1. the seats arrangment 2. the order of toasting 3.xingjiuling and finger-guessing game (划拳）
• western:Western
ers drinking etiquette express the respect of the wine. 1.look，smell and taste 2.first drink white wine，then drink red wine 3.different drinking vessel（酒器）
• western：
In western,the perpose of dring is to appreciate and enjoy the wine 在西方，饮酒的目的往往很简单，为了欣 赏酒而饮酒，为了享受美酒而饮酒。当然， 在西方葡萄酒也有交际的功能，但人们更 多的是追求如何尽情的享受美酒的味道。
Chinese culture of drinking
9
Chinese alcoholic beverage
PI JIU (Beer) Among the liquor family, beer is the most popular of all, with the largest number of consumers. Beer has the lowest alcohol content of about 2.5% - 7.5% when compared with other alcoholic beverages. Qingdao Beer Festival in the eastern Chinese Province of Shandong. From August 13th to the 28th, the city of Qingdao will be transformed into a beer lover’s paradise rivaling the likes of Germany’s famed Oktoberfest. In addition to the obvious surplus of Tsingtao beer, you will find alcoholic offerings from around the world. Events start daily at 9am and last until 11pm. Entrance is a bargain at only 10 RMB (or a little more than one EURO) before 3pm; 20 RMB from 3 until close. As the largest beer festival in Asia, this is a must-see event.
跨文化交际中英文化对比教学课件Unit 4 Alcoholic drinks and drinkng
In ancient China, jiu was once regarded as a sacred liquid and was used only when sacrificial offerings were made to Heaven and Earth or ter, along with the development of zymotechnics ([ˌzaɪməʊ'teknɪks] 酿 造 法 ) and brewery ([ˈbru:əri] 酿酒厂), jiǔ became an ordinary drink. It appeared in almost all social activities, including birthday parties for seniors, wedding feasts and sacrificial ceremonies. No banquet would be complete without it, since a toast could seal a deal, send prayers for the troops in battle as well as express a wish for the health and happiness of families and friends... (Para. 2)
It is often translated into English as "wine", which misstates its
current usage. In present-day Mandarin, jiǔ most commonly
refers to pure alcohol, hard liquors, and strong rice wine, while
中英酒文化对比英语作文
中英酒文化对比英语作文A Comparative Analysis of Chinese and British Drinking Cultures。
Introduction:In a world brimming with diverse customs and traditions, the drinking cultures of China and Britain stand out as notable examples. While both nations enjoy their libations, the manner in which they approach alcohol consumption reflects distinct societal values, historical influences, and cultural norms. This essay endeavors to compare and contrast the drinking cultures of China and Britain, shedding light on their unique characteristics and underlying meanings.Historical Context:To comprehend the contemporary drinking cultures of China and Britain, it is essential to delve into theirhistorical roots. In China, the tradition of alcohol consumption dates back thousands of years, intertwined with ancient rituals, philosophical beliefs, and social customs. From the ceremonial libations of the Zhou dynasty to the refined art of tea-infused liquors during the Tang dynasty, alcohol has played a multifaceted role in Chinese society, symbolizing hospitality, celebration, and communal harmony.In contrast, the drinking culture of Britain has been shaped by a blend of indigenous traditions and external influences. The introduction of beer by the Celts and the subsequent Roman occupation laid the foundation for a rich brewing heritage, which evolved over the centuries to include a diverse array of beverages, from ales and stouts to gins and whiskies. The pub culture, deeply ingrained in British society, serves as a focal point for social interaction, camaraderie, and conviviality.Social Dynamics:The social dynamics surrounding alcohol consumption differ significantly between China and Britain. In China,the act of drinking is often imbued with symbolic significance, reflecting hierarchical relationships, filial piety, and group cohesion. The tradition of toasting, known as "ganbei," underscores the importance of solidarity and mutual respect, as individuals raise their glasses to honor one another and affirm collective bonds.In contrast, the British approach to drinking is characterized by a more informal and egalitarian ethos, epitomized by the convivial atmosphere of pubs and taverns. Here, patrons from all walks of life gather to unwind, engage in lively conversation, and partake in communalrituals such as buying rounds of drinks. The pub serves asa democratic space where social barriers are often blurred, fostering a sense of inclusivity and camaraderie among its patrons.Cultural Significance:Beyond its social dimensions, the drinking culture of each nation carries profound cultural significance,reflecting broader values, norms, and aspirations. In China,alcohol is intricately linked to concepts of harmony, balance, and hospitality, as exemplified by the elaborate banquets of traditional Chinese cuisine, where the servingof fine wines and spirits signifies generosity and goodwill. Moreover, certain alcoholic beverages, such as baijiu, hold special cultural status, symbolizing prosperity, auspiciousness, and ritual purity.Similarly, in Britain, the consumption of alcohol is intertwined with notions of conviviality, sociability, and conviviality. The pub, as a quintessential institution of British life, embodies the ideals of community, fellowship, and collective identity. Moreover, British spirits such as gin and whisky have attained global renown, not only for their distinctive flavors but also for their cultural resonance, evoking images of misty moors, roaring fires,and convivial gatherings.Conclusion:In conclusion, the drinking cultures of China andBritain offer fascinating insights into the complexities ofhuman sociality, cultural expression, and historical continuity. While both nations share a deep appreciation for alcoholic beverages, their respective approaches to drinking reflect unique historical legacies, social dynamics, and cultural values. By examining these differences and similarities, we gain a deeper understanding of the diverse ways in which alcohol shapes and reflects the societies in which we live.。
关于中英酒文化差别的作文 英语
关于中英酒文化差别的作文英语Drinking culture varies greatly between different countries, and China and the UK are no exception. In this essay, I will discuss the differences between Chinese and British drinking culture from various perspectives, including social etiquette, alcohol types, drinking occasions, and the impact of drinking on health.Firstly, social etiquette plays a significant role in both Chinese and British drinking culture. In China, toasting is an essential part of social gatherings and business banquets. It is considered impolite to refuse a toast from a superior or a host, and individuals are expected to finish their drinks in one gulp as a sign of respect. On the other hand, in the UK, while toasting and clinking glasses are common, there is less emphasis on the strict observance oftoasting etiquette. It is generally acceptable to decline a drink or to drink at one's own pace without offending others.Secondly, the types of alcohol consumed in China and the UK are different. In China, baijiu, a strong distilled spirit, is the most popular traditional alcoholic beverage. It isoften consumed during formal occasions and is believed to promote camaraderie and harmony. In contrast, the UK is known for its wide variety of beers, ales, and ciders, as well asits renowned spirits such as gin, whisky, and vodka. TheBritish drinking culture tends to revolve around pubs and social drinking, with a focus on the enjoyment andappreciation of different types of alcohol.In terms of drinking occasions, Chinese and British drinking culture also exhibit differences. In China, drinking is often associated with formal banquets and business dinners, where toasting and drinking to excess are common practices.It is seen as a way to build relationships and facilitatebusiness negotiations. In the UK, drinking is a part of everyday socializing and relaxation. Pubs are central to British social life, and many social events and celebrations involve drinking alcohol in a more casual and informal setting.Finally, the attitudes towards the impact of drinking on health differ between China and the UK. While excessive drinking is generally frowned upon in both cultures, it is more common for heavy drinking to be associated with social and business obligations in China. In the UK, there is increasing awareness of the health risks of alcohol consumption, and there is a growing trend towards responsible drinking and moderation.In conclusion, the cultural differences between Chinese and British drinking culture are evident in social etiquette, alcohol types, drinking occasions, and attitudes towards the impact of drinking on health. Understanding and respectingthese differences can help individuals navigate social situations in both cultures and promote cross-cultural understanding.。
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酒桌文化drinking culture
Anhui province has banned alcoholic beverages at official banquets, except those held to attract investment or involving foreign affairs.
安徽省规定，公务接待除外事、招商活动外，一律不准饮酒。
今年6月初，中央巡视组向安徽反馈“回头看”情况，专门提到“酒桌文化尚未得到有效治理”。
“酒桌文化”（drinking culture）成为中共十八大巡视以来的又一巡视新词。
中国人普遍都认为“无酒不成席”（a banquet without alcohol is no banquet at all）；很多做生意的人都觉得在酒桌上才能真正认识一个人，彼此建立信任；很多官员也喜欢在酒桌上谈工作（discuss work issues when drinking at banquets）。
“喝的是酒，喷的是口水，讲的是关系，办的是事情。
”一句顺口溜概括了“酒桌文化”的实质。
据悉，此次安徽省“酒桌办公”（discussing work issues while drinking at banquets）专项整治工作对公务活动宴请（official banquets）做了明确规定，重点整治“不请客吃饭不办事”、“请客吃饭乱办事”现象；规定党员干部及公职人员严禁通过“酒桌办公”要资金、跑项目、争考核名次或谋取不当利益；严禁接受可能影响公正执行公务的宴请。
十八大以后，中共中央提出党的群众路线（mass line）教育学习活动，各地都展开针对形式主义（formalism）、官僚主义（bureaucratism）、享乐主义（hedonism）和奢靡之风（extravagance）的反“四风”活动。