大学精读第二册课文第五单元
大学英语精读第二册Unit 5-3
The Villain in the Atmosphere Study & Practice
Vocabulary Activities
• 1. • 1) h • 2) e • 3) a • 4) g • 5) f • 6) d • 7) b • 8) c
• 2
8) transparent • 1) makes up 9) to make matters • 2) fraction worse • 3) perspective 10) consume • 4) from year to year11) be replaced 12) interior • 5) poisonous 13) has disappeared • 6) liberate 14) came about
Thank You!
• • • •
1. at first 2. firstly / first 3. First of all 4. first of all / first
5. firstly 6. first 7. at first 8. at first
Structure
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• 1) A ballet dancer who does not practice every day loses a lot of skill, as does a musician. • 2) Almost all the teachers at the training center were women, as were the majority of the learners. • 3) The first lines gripped him, as did the next verse and then the whole poem. • 4) Isaac watched her winning smile, as every man in the group. • 5) Anyone accompanying a disabled person will be admitted to the meeting, as will guide dogs. • 6) The second individual session began with a review of the homework assignment, as did all sessions.
大学英语精读2 U5 The Villain in the Atmosphere
◆ What
Passage
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Main ideas of paragraphs
Main ideas CO2 doesn’t seem to be but is a villain. 1-7
No. Paras 1 2 3 4
8-13 CO2 keeps us warm but its continued concentration is disastrous. 14-18 Why is the concentration of CO2 steadily rising? 19-22 What is to be done?
Content
1
New Words & Expressions
2 3
Passage Analysis
Exercises
New words & Expressions
1. Villain 坏人 • Villainy 恶行 2. Carbon dioxide • 二氧化碳 CO2 3. Poisonous adj. 有毒的 • Poison n. e.g. poisonous comments 【毒舌
29. Alternative adj. 另外的，替代的 n. 替代的选择 • Alternative energy 替代能源、新能源 • A is an alternative to B A是B的替代品
30. Compete with/against 与……竞争 • Compete for 争夺 e.g. Young men compete with each other for membership in these societies. 31. Military training军训
大学英语精读第二册Unit-5-2
2. Translate the sentence into Chinese. 太阳光照射大气层的顶部，径直透过数英里的大气 层，温暖着地球的表面。
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7. However, the atmosphere is not quite as transparent to infrared radiation as it is to visible light. 1.Paraphrase the sentence.
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6. Sunlight, striking the top of the atmosphere, travels right through miles of it to warm the Earth’s surface.
1. What’s the function of “striking the top of the atmosphere” ?
1. Paraphrase the sentence. The water will move forward to the coastal areas that are not much above the land (in which a great number of people in the world live), as a result, many people have to move away and settle down inside their countries. 2. Translate the sentence into Chinese. 在那些低洼的沿海地区(在这些地区居住着世界上很大一部 分人口)，海水会稳步向前推进，迫使人们向内陆退居。
大学英语精读第二册lesson5_warm-up
To be continued on the next page.
Lesson 5—Say Yes
II. Listen to a Song
Love is Color-Blind
It don't matter if you're black white or yellow, if your brown or red
Lesson 5—Say Yes
Part One
Say Yes
W
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E
ENTER
Lesson 5—Say Yes
II. Listen to a Song
Love is Color-Blind
It don't matter if you're black white or yellow, if you're brown or red let's get down to that love is color-blind I remember when I was a child and couldn't understand people having fun discriminating all the different ones mama just used to say when you grow up you'll maybe find a way to make these people see that everything I do comes back to me
W B T L E
To be continued on the next page.
Listen to the song.
现代大学英语精读第二版 Unit5 Quick fix society 原文
quick fix societyMy husband and I just got back from a week’s vacation in West Virginia. Of course, we couldn’t wait to get there, so we took the Pennsylvania Turnpike and a couple of interstates. “Look at those gorgeous farms!” my husband exclaimed as pastoral scenery slid by us at 55 mph. “Did you see those cows?” But at 55mph, it’s difficult to see anything; the gorgeous farms look like moving green checkerboards, and the herd of cows is reduced to a few dots in the rear-view mirror. For four hours, our only real amusement consisted of counting exit signs and wondering what it would feel like to hold still again. Getting there certainly didn’t seem like half the fun; in fact, getting there wasn’t any fun at all.So, when it was time to return our home outside of Philadelphia, I insisted that we take a different route. “Let’s explore that countryside,” I suggested. The two days it took us to make the return trip were filled with new experiences. We toured a Civil War battlefield and stood on the little hill that fifteen thousand Confederate soldiers had tried to take on another hot July afternoon, one hundred and twenty-five years ago, not knowing that half of them would get killed in the vain attempt. We drove slowly through main streets of sleepy Pennsylvania Dutch towns, slowing to twenty miles an hour so as not to crowd the horses and horse carriages on their way to market. We admired toy trains and antique cars in country museums and saved 70 percent in factory outlets. We stuffed ourselves with spicy salads and homemade bread in an “all-you-can-eat” farmhouse restaurant, then wandered outside to enjoy the sunshine and the herds of cows----no little dots this time----lying in it. And we returned home refreshed, revitalized. This time, getting there had been the fun.Why is it that the featureless turnpikes and interstates are the routes of choice for so many of us? Why doesn’t everybody try slowing down and exploring the countryside? But more and more, the fast lane seems to be the only way for us to go. In fact, most Americans are constantly in a hurry---and not just to get Point A to Point B. our country has become a nation in search of the quick fix—in more ways than one.Now instead of later: Americans understood the principle of deferred gratification. We put a little of each payback away “for a rainy day.” If we wanted a new sofa or a week at alakeside cabin, we saved up for it, and the banks helped us out by providing special Christmas Club and vacation Club accounts. If we lived in the right part of the country, we planted corn and beans and waited patiently for the harvest. If we wanted to be thinner, we simply ate less of our favorite foods and waited for the scale to drop, a pound at a time. But today we aren’t so patient. We take out loans instead of making deposits, or we use our credit card to get that furniture or vacation trip—relax now, pay later. We buy our food, like our clothing, ready—made and off the rack. And if we ‘re in a hurry to lose weight, we try the latest miracle diet, guaranteed to take away ten pounds in ten days… unless we’re rich enough to afford liposuction.Faster instead of slower: Not only do we want it now; we don’t even want to be kept waiting for it. This general impatience, the “I-hate-to-wait” attitude, has infected every level of our lives. Instead of standing in line at the bank, we withdraw twenty dollars in convenience store(why wait in line at the supermarket?), where we buy a frozen dinner all wrapped up and ready to be put into the microwave… unless we don’t care to wait even that long and pick up some fast food instead. And if our fast meal doesn’t agree with us, we hurry to the medicine cabinet for—you guessed it—some fast relief. We like fast pictures, so we buy Polaroid cameras. We like fast entertainment, so we record our favorite TV show on the VCR. We like our information fast, too: messages flashed on a computer screen, documents faxed from your telephone to mine, current events in 90-second bursts on Eyewitness News, history reduced to Bicentennial Minutes. Symbolically, the American eagle now flies for Express Mail. How dare anyone keep America waiting longer than overnight?Superficially instead of thoroughly: What’s more, we don’t even want all of it. Once, we lingered over every word of a classic novel or the latest best seller. Today, since faster is better, we read the condensed version or put a tape of the book into our car’s tape player to listen to on the way to work. Or we buy the Cliff’s Notes, especially if we are students, so we don’t have to deal with the book at all. Once, we listened to every note of Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony. Today, we don’t have the time; instead, we can enjoy 26 second of that famous “da-da-da-DUM theme”—and 99 other musical excerpts almost as famous—on our Greatest Moments of the Classics CD. After all, why waste 45 minutes listening to the whole thing when someone else has saved us the trouble of picking out the best parts? Our magazine articles come to us pre-digested in Reader’s Digest. Our news briefings, thanks to USA Today, are more brief than ever. Even ourpersonal relationships have become compressed. Instead of devoting large parts of our days to our loved ones, we replace them with something called “quality time,” which, more often than not, is no time at all. As we rush from book to music to news item to relationship, we do not realize that we are living our lives by the iceberg principle—paying attention only to the top and ignoring the 8/9 that lies just below the surface.When did it all begin, this urge to do it now, to get it over with, to skim the surface of life? Why are we in such a hurry to save time? And what are we going to do with all the time we save besides, of course, rushing out to save more time? The sad truth is that we don’t know how to use the time we save, because all we’re good at is saving time…not spending time.Don’t get me wrong. I’m not saying we should go back to growing our own vegetables or making our own clothes. I’m not even advocating a mass movement to cut all our credit cards into little pieces. But I am saying that all of us need to think more seriously about putting the brakes on our “we-want-it-all-and-we-want-it-now” lifestyle before we speed completely out of control. Let’s take the time to read every word of that story, hear every note of that music, and enjoy every subtle change of that countryside. Let’s rediscover life in the slow lane.。
（完整版）大学英语精读第三版第二册U5教案
（完整版）大学英语精读第三版第二册U5教案Unit 5 The Villain in the AtmosphereTeaching Time: 8 hoursStudents’ level: non-English majors of the second semester of the 1st year.Teaching Objectives:1. Get Ss to know the conditions of the pollution on earth; let the students realize the serious pollution of the earth; analyze the causes of the pollution on the earth; think over and discuss the ways to solve the issue.2. About the text, Ss should grasp the text content, text structure, basic vocabularies and required grammar points of the section.Words: atmosphere, compose, conclusion, conference, crash, deadly, emit, extremely, feasibility, fund hazard, indicate, originally,pollute, proceed, signal, smash, survive, type, unfit Phrases & Expressions: be known as, name after, as to, base on, for one thing...for another, be composed of, as far as sth/sb. be concerned, stick up, give up, set backGrammar: because of, what do you think of, so/as far as...he concerned3.About the reading, Ss should acquire the reading skill —using word part clues for word meanings.4.About the writing, Ss should get to know the writing skill—coherence.5.About the listening, Ss will finish the Unit 5 directed by the teacher. Teaching Procedures:I.Pre-reading ActivitiesBackground information:1. GlaciersGlacier,an enduring accumulation of ice, snow, water, rock, and sediment （沉淀物）that moves under the influence of gravity. Glaciers form where the temperature is low enough to allow falling snow to accumulate and slowly transform into ice. This accumulation is most common in the polar regions, but can also occur at high altitudes on mountains even near the equator. Glaciers are complex systems that grow and shrink in response to climate. At the present, glacier ice covers about 15 million sq km (5.8 million sq mi), or 10 percent, of Earth’s land area.2.Polar ice capA polar ice cap is a high-latitude region, centered in the polar region, which is covered in ice.3.GreenlandAn Arctic island nation located in North America by geography, Greenland is a self-governed Danish territory. It is the world’s largest island, and about 81 percent of its surface is covered by ice.4. Global WarmingGlobal warming refers to an average increase in the Earth's temperature, which in turn causes changes in climate. A warmer Earth may lead to changes in rainfall patterns, a rise in sea level, and a wide range of impacts on plants, wildlife, and humans. When scientists talk about the issue of climate change, their concern is about global warming caused by human activities.5. ManhattanManhattan is one of the five boroughs that comprise the City of New York. It is by far the most densely populated county in the United States and famous for its soaring skyscrapers.Manhattan (Island) is one of the commercial, financial, and cultural centers of the world. It has many famous landmarks and tourist attractions. They include Broadway, Chinatown, the Empire State Building, Greenwich Village, Times Square, The United Nations Headquarters, Wall Street, and many churches, colleges, skyscrapers, and theaters. Most of New York’s municipal buildings stand on Manhattan Island. When people think of New York City, they are usually thinking of Manhattan, the core of the city.6.The British IslesThe British Isles are s group of islands off the northwest coast of Europeconsisting of Great Britain (that is England, Scotland and Wales), Ireland and the many smaller adjacent islands. These islands form an archipelago of more than 6,000 islands.7.Isaac AsimovIsaac Asimov was born on 2 January 1920 in the former Soviet Union, but grew up in Brooklyn, New York. He taught biochemistry at Boston University until he retired in 1958 to become a full-time writer. Asimov had been publishing short stories since the late 1930s, and in 1952 published his first novel. The author of the classic Ⅰ, Robot series and The Foundation Trilogy, Asimov wrote more than 400 books and won every major science fiction award. He also wrote popular books and essays on science and technology, earning him the nickname "The Great Explainer." Isaac Asimov died of “heart and kidney failure, which were complications of the HIV infection” on 6 April 1992. HIV was not revealed as the cause of his death until 2002, when his widow Janet published the memoirs It's Been a Good Life.Warm-up Questions1.What’s the weather like in your hometown? Do you like it? Why or why not?2.Have you ever noticed any changes in your hometown or in the city you’re now living in? W hat are they?3.Do you have any idea of the greenhouse effect? How does it affect thetemperature on Earth?Introductory Questions for Reading Comprehension1.Who is the “villain” in the atmosphere?2.What does carbon dioxide do to plants and animal life on the Earth?3.What is happening to the sea level? What will the rising sea level do to our life?4.What does carbon dioxide do to the temperature of the Earth?5.How come that the concentration of the gas in the atmosphere is going up steadily?6.So in the final analysis, who are the villains and who are the victims?7.What should be done?II.Key Words & Expressions1.poisonous:containing poison in itself; very harmful and cause illness or deatha)Dangerously high levels of poisonous chemicals were found in the water.b)The Ministry of Health warned the general public to be on high alert against poisonous mushrooms, as 16 people have died after eating different kinds of poisonous mushrooms this summer.2.essential:absolutely necessary; extremely importanta)The body cannot store Vitamin C so it is essential to have a freshsupply every day.b)The leadership of the Party is essential to socialist revolution and socialist construction.3.convert:1)change one’s opinion, religion, political belief, etc.a)Bill was converted to Christianity soon after he retired from the army.b)Kevin is such a stubborn man that not surprisingly his wife failed to convert him.2)change to or into another form, substance, or state, or from one use or purpose to anothera)Water is converted into steam if it is boiled.b)My uncle lived in a comfortable home converted from farm buildings some 15 miles to the northwest of the city.4.tissue:1)mass of cells forming the body of an animal or of a plantThe elderly lady strongly disapproves of the use of fetal tissue for the treatment of people with certain illnesses.2)thin light paper used esp. for wrapping things, or soft paper which is used for cleaning and is thrown away after use --The taxi driver always keeps a box of tissues in the taxi.5.serve as :be used for a particular purposea) Her apartment also serves as her office.b) That will not serve you as an excuse.c) In the absence of anything better, the couch would serveas a bed for a couple of nights.6. liberate:set freea) Try to liberate yourself from preconceived ideas.b) They liberated all the prisoners.7. apparently: according to appearance; as it seemsa) Not all of what Mr. Blair wrote was false, but much of what was true in his article was apparently lifted from other news reports.b) The young man was whistling by the window, apparently quite cheerful.8. in all likelihood:very probablya) In all likelihood the flight will be canceled.b) Interest rates will go up further in all likelihood.likelihood: probabilityThere is much/every/no/little likelihood that he’ll be elected for the second term.8.steadily:evenly; regularly; graduallyIt’s believed that today’s children will be living in a steadily improving environment.9.beneath:below; underneatha)The industrialized world is completely dependent on oil, much of which resides beneath the surface of Middle Eastern countries.b)After weeks at sea, it was wonderful to feel firm ground beneath our feet once more.11. starvation:suffering or death from lack of foodDrought conditions during the 1980s led to widespread starvation in Africa.starve: v. be hungry; go without foodThe explorers starved to death in the desert.Let's get something to eat; I'm starving.12.widespread:found, placed, etc., in many placesa) A widespread flu epidemic affected eighteen Western states.b) The president was elected to a new term with widespread popular support.13. structure:1) the way in which parts are formed into a wholeThe family is seen as the primary social structure for meeting the emotional needs of children.2) anything formed of many parts, esp. a building; any complex whole Many buildings of the period were steel and cement structure.14. collapse:1) fall down or inwards suddenlya) The building collapsed, trapping thousands of people.b) Quite a few houses collapsed in the heavy storm last week.2) fall helpless or unconsciousa) A hiker who collapsed along the snow-covered mountains was rescued after he’d called for help from his cell phone.b) He collapsed while working and died on the way to hospital.3) fail suddenly and completely; break downa) The company collapsed without any sign beforehand.b) He thought his whole world had collapsed when his wife died.15. pressure:1) the action of pressing with force or weighta) It takes a bit of pressure to make the lid close.b) The pressure of the water caused the wall of the dam to crack.2) trouble that causes anxiety and difficultya) The pressure of modern life is causing violence, murder, suicide and an obsession with fortune-telling.His health collapsed under the pressure of work./doc/b7b5fcd38562caaedd3383c4bb4 cf7ec4afeb6c2.html e about:take place; happena) How did the accident come about?b) Sometimes it is hard to tell how a quarrel comes about.17. connection:relationship between things or eventsa) How long will the connection of the new telephone take?b) The doctor believed that his illness must have had some connection with his diet.18. transparent:allowing light to pass through so that objects behind can be clearly seen; thin or fine enough to be seen througha) The silk dress of the model was almost transparent.b) The greenhouse was transparent all the way round, so the children can see the plants growing.19. radiation:the act of radiating heat, light, etc.; sth. which is radiateda) The building is designed to trap and store radiation fromthe sun.b) Nuclear radiation can attack the cells in living tissue.20. visible:that can be seen; noticeable to the eyea) Many stars are hardly visible to the naked eye.b) Children should wear bright orange when they are riding in the streets so that they are more visible.21. tend:v. be likely toPrices are tending upwards.Old people tend to get fat.He tends towards selfishness.People tend to get fat as they grow older.22.distinctly:in a distinct manner; clearlya) I distinctly remember you promising to keep the secret.b) He was looking distinctly nervous before the exam this morning. distinct: adj.The twins had distinct tastes.You should make your writing distinct.23. creep:1) move slowly and quietly along the ground or a surfacea) The traffic was creeping along at a snail’s pace.b) I heard a man creeping stealthily up to my door.2) move or advance slowly and quietlya) Surveys noted that the company is creeping onto cell phones andother wireless devices.b) Old age creeps up on you before you realize it.24. estimate:calculate roughly the cost, size, value, etc. of sth.a) I had estimated that the work would take three days; however, it tooka week.b) That’s just an estimate–nobody really knows what the figure is because nobody bothers to calculate it.25. polar:of or near the North or South PoleThe latest science tells us that, at the current rate of global warming, polar bears might not make it to the next century.26. melt:1) (cause to) become liquida) For a very long time the United States was regarded as a “melting pot”.b) The spring sun melts the snow and the lakes become ice-free by mid-March.2) gradually become smaller and then disappeara) Their differences melted away.b) Her anger melted away when she read the letter.27. factor:any of the things that cause or influence sth.a) There are many factors that influence who will ultimately become the candidate for a party.b) Ability, industry, and health are factors of success in school.28. to make matters worse:with the result that a bad situation is made worsea) Trying to soothe her only make matters worse.b) I realized that anything I could say only make matters worse.29. disappear:1) go out of sighta) I saw the plane disappear behind a cloud.b) The spot disappeared when the shirt was washed.2) cease to exist; become losta) Let’s hope that our difficulties will soon disappear.b) That species disappeared in the Ice Age.30. replace:take the place ofa) Robots are replacing humans for dangerous tasks.b) Can anything replace parental love?31. consume:use; use upa) Those big powerful cars consume a great deal of fuel.b) He soon consumed his fortune.32. perspective:a particular way of thinking about or viewing sth.a) The author sees the event in historical perspective.b) The perspective of the executives on the situation is rather different from that of the workers.33. nuclear:of, concerning, or using the nucleus of an atom, atomic energy, or the atom bombThey claimed that there was evidence that the country supported terrorism and possessed biological, chemical, and nuclear weapons. 34. alternative:(n.) one of two or more possibilitiesa) We have no alternative in the matter.b) One of the alternatives open to the minister is to resign.(a.) that can be used instead of sth. Else; other; differentThey are alternative ways of expressing the same idea.35.interior(a. & n.) situated within or inside; innera) The interior walls of the building were painted green.b) The interior of the cave was dark.36. solar:of, from, or concerning the sunA solar cell takes radiation from the sun and converts it into electricity./doc/b7b5fcd38562caaedd3383c4bb4 cf7ec4afeb6c2.html pete:try to win sth. in competition with someone elsea) The two nations continued to compete with each other for influence in the resource-rich Third World.b) These young men competed for the silver medal.38. military:relating to the armed forcesa) The government accused the newspaper of preparing to reveal military secrets.b) The administration became increasingly concerned with military action.39. apparently:adv. from appearances aloneHe was apparently surprised at the news.Apparently she did not succeed.40.fraction:n. a small part or item forming a piece of a wholeHe has done only a fraction of his homework.The story does not contain a fraction of truth.41.splash:vi. cause (a liquid) to spatter about, especially with force; walkthrough mud or mireShe accidentally splashed ink on my sleeve.42.do sb. harm对某人造成损害If you do harm to me I shall not look over you.It wouldn't do him any harm to work a bit harder.43.from year to year年复一年地，每年Prices fluctuate from year to year.Things get worse from year to year.44. go up上升，增长Inflation may be rising, if (it is) so, prices will go up.The financial times share index go up five point yesterday.45. make up弥补, 和解, 编造, 整理, 化妆, 拼凑成I tried to make up for my loss.She tired to make up to the boss.46. first of all首先First of all, let me tell you the news.First of all she just smiled, then she started to laugh.47. at first起先，开始时The answer was at first unapparent.At first we used hand tools.48. by itself自动地，独自地The house stood by itself on a hill.The machine will start by itself in a few seconds.49. cut down砍倒；减少He has to cut down on the consumption of meat.Do not cut down the tree that gives you shade.[谚]遮荫之树不可砍。
大学英语精读第二册Unit5：TheProfessorandtheYo-Yo
Seen through the eyes of a young friend Einstein was a simple, modest and ordinary man.The professor and the Yo-yoMy father was a close friend of Albert Einstein. As a shy young visitor to Einstein's home, I was made to feel at ease when Einstein said, "I have something to show you." He went to his desk and returned with a Yo-Yo. He tried to show me how it worked but he couldn't make it roll back up the string. When my turn came, I displayed my few tricks and pointed out to him that the incorrectly looped string had thrown the toy off balance. Einstein nodded, properly impressed by my skill and knowledge. Later, I bought a new Yo-Yo and mailed it to the Professor as a Christmas present, and received a poem of thanks.As boy and then as an adult, I never lost my wonder at the personality that was Einstein. He was the only person I knew who had come to terms with himself and the world around him. He knew what he wanted and he wanted only this: to understand within his limits as a human being the nature of the universe and the logic and simplicity in its functioning. He knew there were answers beyond his intellectual reach. But this did not frustrate him. He was content to go as far as he could.In the 23 years of our friendship, I never saw him show jealousy, vanity, bitterness, anger, resentment, or personal ambition. He seemed immune to these emotions. He was beyond any pretension. Although he corresponded with many of the world's most important people, his stationery carried only a watermark - W - for Woolworth's.To do his work he needed only a pencil only a pencil and a pad of paper. Material things meant nothing to him. I never knew him to carry money because he never had any use for it. He believed in simplicity, so much so that he used only a safety razor and water to shave. When I suggested that he try shaving cream, he said, "The razor and water do the job.""But Professor, why don't you try the cream just once?" I argued. "It makes shaving smoother and less painful."He shrugged. Finally, I presented him with a tube of shaving cream. The next morning when he came down to breakfast, he was beaming with the pleasure of a new, great discovery. "You know, that cream really works," he announced. "It doesn't pull the beard. It feels wonderful." Thereafter, he used the shaving cream every morning until the tube was empty. Then he reverted to using plain water.Einstein was purely and exclusively a theorist. He didn't have the slightest interest in the practical application of his ideas and theories. His E=mc2 is probably the most famous equation in history - yet Einstein wouldn't walk down the street to see a reactor create atomic energy. He won the Nobel Prize for his Photoelectric Theory, a series of equations that he considered relatively minor in importance, but he didn't have any curiosity in observing how his theory made TV possible.My brother once gave the Professor a toy, a bird that balanced on the edge of a bowl of water and repeatedly dunked its head in the water. Einstein watched it in delight, trying to deduce the operating principle. But be couldn't.The next morning he announced, "I had thought about that bird for a long time before I went to bed and it must work this way…" He began a ling explanation. Then he stopped, realizing a flaw in his reasoning. "No, I guess that's not it," he said. He pursued various theories for several days until I suggested we take the toy apart to see how it did work. His quick expression of disapproval told me he did not agree with this practical approach. He never did work out the solution. Another puzzle that Einstein could never understand was his own fame. He had developed theories that were profound and capable of exciting relatively few scientists. Yet his name was a household word across the civilized world. "I've had good ideas, and so have other men," he once said. "But it's been my good fortune that my ideas have been accepted." He was bewildered by his fame: people wanted to meet him; strangers stared at him on the street; scientists, statesmen, students, and housewives wrote him letters. He never could understand why he received this attention, why he was singled out as something special.NEW WORDSmodesta. having or expressing a not too high opinion of one's merits, abilities, etc. 谦虚的yo-yon. 游游（⼀种⽤线扯动使⽤权忽上忽来的轮形玩具）easen. freedom from work, discomfort, trouble, difficulty, worry, etc. 悠闲；舒适；⾃在；安⼼displayn. show 展⽰loopvt. 把（绳等）打成环n. 圈；环strongn. 细绳；线；弦balancen. condition of being steady 平衡v. keep in a state of balanceproperlyad. really; completely ⾮常；完全地impressvt. have a strong effect on the mind or feelings of 给...深刻的印象mailvt. send by postpoemn. piece of writing in verse 诗personalityn. character 个性logicn. the science or method of reasoning 逻辑(学);推理(法)simplicityn. the state of being simple; an absence of pretense 简单;简朴;单纯functionvi. workintellectuala. 智⼒的frustraten. cause to have feeling of annoyed disappointment; defeat 使沮丧;挫败frustrationn.jealousyn. envy 妒忌jealousa.vanityn. state of being too proud of oneself or one's looks, abilities, etc. 虚荣⼼bitternessn. the quality or state of being bitter 苦;痛苦resentmentn. feeling that one has when insulted, ignored, injured, etc. 怨恨ambitionn. strong desire for success, power, riches, etc. 野⼼,抱负ambitiousa.immunea. 有免疫⼒的;不受影响的immunityn.emotionn. strong feelingpretensionn. 矫饰,做作,不受影响correspondvi. exchange letter regularly 通信stationeryn. paper for writing letters, usu. with matching envelopes; writing materials 信笺;⽂具watermarkn. mark made on paper by the maker, seen when it is held against light ⽔印padn. a number of sheets of writing paper fixed along one edge 便笺簿razorn. sharp instrument for taking hair off the body 剃⼑shavevt. cut off (hair or beard) with a razorcreamn. any thick, soft liquid 膏状物arguevt. give reasons for or against (sth.) 争辨painfula. causing painshrugvi. lift (the shoulders) slightly (to show in difference, doubt, etc.) 耸肩finallyad. at last; lastly 最终;最后presentvt. give;offer 赠送;提供tuben. 管;软管beamvi. look or smile happily and cheerfully ⾯露喜⾊;⾼兴地微笑beardn. hair of the lower part of the face (excluding the moustache) 胡须thereafterad. after that; afterwardsrevertvi return (to a former state, condition, etc.) 回复,回返exclusivelyad. only; completelyexclusivea. person who forms theories 理论家theoristn. ⽅程式equationn. small in degree, not considerable or serious 微⼩的,轻微的applicationn. using 应⽤theoryn. (explanation of the) general principles of an art or science 理论theoreticala.reactorn. 反应堆atomica. of or concerning an atom or atoms 原⼦的atomn.photoelectrica. 光电的seriesn. group of things of the same kind that come one after another 系列;套,组relatively。
大学英语精读第二册第三版课件unit5
They are _to_o__e_x_p_e_n_s_iv_e. They are necessary for China t_o__in_c_re_a_s_e__it_s_G__D_P_. It’s still far from _b_e_in_g__sa_t_is_f_y_in_g_.
It may be good for _th_e__c_it_ie_s_, but people in the suburbs _w_il_l _s_u_ff_e_r _fr_o_m__p_o_ll_u_tio_n_.
Global Reading Detailed Reading
After Reading
Warm-up Questions
1. What’s the weather like in your hometown? Do you like it? Why or why not? 2. Have you ever noticed any changes in your hometown or in the city you’re
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Before Reading
Global Reading Detailed Reading
After Reading
Word Web
Directions: What words will occur to you whenever we mention the word “atmosphere”?
After Reading
Listening Comprehension
Directions: Listen to the dialogue and fill in the following chart with what you heard. Use no more than five words for each answer.
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The V illain in the Atmosphere （大气层中的恶棍）The villain in the atmosphere is carbon dioxide.大气层中的恶棍乃是二氧化碳。
It does not seem to be a villain. It is not very poisonous and it is present in the atmosphere in so small a quantity — only 0.034 percent — that it does us no harm.二氧化碳看上去不像一个恶棍。
它毒性不大，在大气层中的含量极小——只占0.034％——不会对我们造成任何伤害。
What's more, that small quantity of carbon dioxide in the air is essential to life. Plants absorb carbon dioxide and convert it into their own tissue, which serve as the basic food supply for all of animal life (including human beings, of course). In the process they liberate oxygen, which is also necessary for all animal life.再者，空气中的那一点点二氧化碳对生命至关重要。
植物吸收二氧化碳并将其转化成它们自己的组织，充当所有动物（当然也包括人类）的基本食物供给。
在这一过程中，植物释放氧气，而氧气又是所有动物生命所不可缺少的。
close4RT But here is what this apparently harmless and certainly essential gas is doing to us:然而，这一看上去无害而且无疑又必不可少的气体却正在对我们产生影响。
The sea level is rising very slowly from year to year. In all likelihood, it will continue to rise and do so at a greater rate in the course of the next hundred years. Where there are low-lying coastal areas (where a large fraction of the world's population lives) the water will advance steadily, forcing people to retreat inland.年复一年，海平面正在慢慢上升。
它很可能继续上升，而在今后数百年间，会以更快的速度上升。
在那些低洼的沿海地区（在这些地区居住着世界上很大一部分人口），海水会稳步向前推进，迫使人们向内陆退居。
Eventually the sea will reach two hundred feet above its present level, and will be splashing against the windows along the twentieth floors of Manhattan's skyscrapers. Florida will disappear beneath the waves, as will much of the British Isles, the crowded Nile valley, and the low-lying areas of China, India, and Russia.最后，海水将会高出目前海平面两百英尺，一阵阵海浪将会拍打曼哈顿摩天大楼二十层楼的窗户。
佛罗里达将会沉没在海浪之下，英伦三岛的大部分，人口稠密的尼罗河流域，还有中国、印度和俄罗斯的低洼地区也都将遭到同样的命运。
Not only will many cities be drowned, but much of the most productive farming areas of the world will be lost. As the food supply drops, starvation will be widespread and the structure of society may collapse under the pressure.不仅许多城市将被淹没，而且世界上大部分盛产粮食的地区也将会失去。
由于食品供应下降，到处都会出现饥荒，在这种压力下，社会结构有可能崩溃。
close8RT And all because of carbon dioxide. But how does that come about? What is the connection?而这一切都是因为二氧化碳。
可怎么会出现这种情况呢？两者之间又有什么联系呢？9.It begins with sunlight, to which the various gases of the atmosphere (including carbon dioxide) are transparent. Sunlight, striking the top of the atmosphere, travels right through miles of it to warm the Earth's surface. At night, the Earth cools by radiating heat into space in the form of infrared radiation.首先是太阳光，大气层中的各种气体（包括二氧化碳）对于太阳光来说是透明的。
太阳光照射大气层的顶部，径直透过数英里的大气层，温暖着地球的表面。
在夜间，地球将热量以红外线的形式放射到外层空间而冷却下来。
However, the atmosphere is not quite as transparent to infrared radiation as it is to visible light. Carbon dioxide in particular tends to block such radiation. Less heat is lost at night, for that reason, than would be lost if carbon dioxide were not present in the atmosphere. Without the small quantity of that gas present, the Earth would be distinctly cooler, perhaps uncomfortably cool.然而，大气层对红外线来说并不像它对可见光那样透明。
二氧化碳特别会阻挡这样的热量辐射。
因此，在夜间失去的热量要比在大气中没有二氧化碳的情况下失去的要少。
要是没有少量的二氧化碳存在，地球就会明显冷得多，说不定就冷得不舒服了。
We can be thankful that carbon dioxide is keeping us comfortably warm, but the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is going up steadily and that is where the villainy comes in. In 1958, carbon dioxide made up only 0.0316 percent of the atmosphere. Each year since, the concentration has crept upward and it now stands at 0.0340 percent. It is estimated that by 2020 the concentration will be nearly twice what it is now.我们该感到欣慰，二氧化碳给我们温暖使我们舒舒服服，但是大气中二氧化碳的浓度正在稳步升高，其恶迹也就由此而生。
1958年，二氧化碳只占大气总量的0.0316％。
此后，其浓度逐年悄悄攀升，而现在已达到0.0340％。
据估算，到2020年，二氧化碳的浓度将接近现在的两倍。
This means that in the coming decades, Earth's average temperature will go up slightly. As a result, the polar ice caps will begin to melt.这就意味着，在未来几十年间，地球的平均温度将要稍许升高。
极地冰盖因此将开始融化。
Something like 90 percent of the ice in the world is to be found in the huge Antarctica ice cap, and another 8 percent is in the Greenland ice cap. If these ice caps begin to melt, the sea level will rise, with the result that I have already described.世界上大约90％的冰都聚积在巨大的南极冰盖中，另有8％在格陵兰冰盖。
如果这些冰盖开始融化，海平面将要升高，其结果就是我上面描述的那个样子。
close14RT But why is the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere steadily rising?可是大气中的二氧化碳浓度为什么正在不断升高呢？To blame are two factors. First of all, in the last few centuries, first coal, then oil and natural gas, have been burned for energy at a rapidly increasing rate. The carbon contained in these fuels, which has been safely buried underground for many millions of years, is now being burned to carbon dioxide and poured into the atmosphere at a rate of many tons per day.难辞其咎的有两个因素。