金融学第十三章
金融学第十三章货币需求、货币供给与货币均衡
由于债券的价格取决于利率水平，微观主体预期 利率水平下降，也就意味着债券价格将会上升， 人们必然倾向于多持有债券；反之，则倾向于多 持有货币。
因此，投机性货币需求同利率负相关。
凯恩斯的货币需求分析
由交易动机和预防动机决定的货币需 求取决于收入水平；基于投机动机的 货币需求则取决于利率水平。
凯恩斯
水平常常保持固定的比例，也大体稳定。
因此，只有P和M的关系最重要：P的值特别是取 决于M数量的变化。
费雪方程式与剑桥方程式
费雪方程式虽然关注的是M对P的影响，但是反 过来，从这一方程式中也能导出一定价格水平之 下的名义货币需求量：
M
Hale Waihona Puke PT V1 VPT
费雪方程式没有考虑微观主体动机的影响
费雪方程式与剑桥方程式
政策选择： （1）货币政策——由于“流动性陷阱”的存在，故无论货 币供应量增加多少，都只能被“流动性陷阱”吸收，而无法 使利率下降，也就无法刺激投资，从而也不能保证充分就业。 同时，由于资本家的悲观情绪严重，对资本边际收益率的预 期极低，因此，即使利率能够降低，资本家也不愿意投资。 故货币政策无效。
凯恩斯
凯恩斯设定，用于储存财富的资产有二：货币与 债券。
货币是不能产生收入的资产；债券是能产 生收入的资产。但持有债券，则有两种可能：债 券价格下跌；债券价格上升。
如果债券价格下跌到持有债券的收益为负的程度， 持有非生利资产——货币——就优于持有生利资产 的债券，货币需求增加；反之，债券的持有量则会 增加，货币需求减少。
当利率极低时，有价证券的价格会达到很高，人们为 了避免因有价证券价格跌落而遭受损失，几乎每个人都宁愿 持有现金而不愿持有有价证券，这意味着货币需求会变得完 全有弹性，人们对货币的需求趋于无限大，表现为流动性偏 好曲线或者货币需求曲线的右端会变成水平线。在这种情况 下，货币供给的增加不会使利率下降，从而也不会增加投资 和有效需求，当经济出现上述状态时，则称为流动性陷阱。
2021金融学教学课件第13章
第一节 金融监管
• 一、金融监管的原则
• 第一，独立原则。金融监管当局应保持相对的独立性。 • 第二，法治原则。依法监管原则又称合法性原则，是指金融
监管必须依据法律、法规进行。 • 第三，公平、公开、公正原则。监管活动应最大限度地提高
➢ 对资本比率的监管 • 该监管即资本充足性管理。资本状况是金融机构抗风险能力的
重要标志，合理、充足的资本比率是商业性金融机构正常运作 的基本条件。
第三节 金融监管
三、金融监管的内容——预防性监管
➢ 对流动性要求 • 流动性是指银行等金融机构随时能够满足存款人提现需求或贷
款人贷款需求的能力。近年来国际上频发的银行危机表明，流 动性不足越来越成为导致银行危机的重要原因。
第二节 金融危机 二、金融危机的分类——金融危机的影响程度
➢ 按照金融危机的影响程度可将金融危机分为系统性金融危机 和非系统性金融危机。
• 系统性金融危机也称“全面金融危机”，是指主要的金融领 域都出现严重混乱，如货币危机、银行业危机、股市崩溃及 债务危机同时或相继发生。
• 非系统性金融危机源于非系统性金融风险，其影响往往局限 于某一特定金融机构、金融市场或金融领域。
第一节 金融风险
一、金融风险概述——金融风险存在的必然性
经济资源的有限性
✓ 资源的稀缺性
✓ 对自由王国认识的有限性
信息的不对称性
（asymmetric information）
✓ 信息对称只是美好的目标
交易中的任何一方 会故意或无意隐瞒某些信息
高昂的信息成本 使某些人群始终处于信息劣势
没有人能完全垄断信息
金融学案例与分析第十三章： 货币供给
第十三章货币供给案例13-1：2004年前三季度中国货币供给状况及金融宏观调控一、基本原理（一）金融宏观调控具有重要性1.实施宏观经济调控措施是一国政府着眼全局和长远发展做出的重大决策。
宏观调控主要依托于一国货币政策和财政政策的配合和协调。
对货币政策来说，如何实现货币供给的合理、稳健是保证货币供求的真正、持久平衡和实现整个宏观调控有效的关键所在。
2.货币政策宏观调控要走市场化路子，主要运用经济和法律手段，辅之以必要的行政手段。
货币政策的宏观调控走向市场化，才能充分运用市场调控手段，充分发挥资源配置的市场机制功能，通过企业的市场反应实现对宏观经济的有效调控，也才能从根本上解决经济结构、结构体制和经济增长方式问题。
反过来，一国金融宏观调控模式的基本特征，主要取决于该国经济市场化程度，尤其取决于一国金融组织结构、金融市场的发育程度。
（二）金融宏观调控具有复杂性1.对货币政策宏观调控的难度要有充分认识。
特别是我国正处于体制转轨和经济加速发展时期，经济生活中的问题有其特殊的复杂性，解决这些问题也需要有个过程。
所以在具体实施中的手段运用、成本与收益、目标之间以及短期长期等方面必须做出合理且可行的权衡。
2.宏观调控从表面看来是央行和财政当局的事，实际上它牵涉到方方面面、上下左右，是整个国民经济的问题，是一个庞大的系统工程，它涉及到信贷投放和土地供给、资源利用、投资项目审批和清理、经济增长方式的转换、速度和质量的统一、保护环境、企业改革、加强信息化建设等等一系列问题。
所以说，宏观调控不仅是中央的事，不仅是财政银行高层的事，它对地方、部门和企业来说既是挑战和压力，也是机遇和动力。
3.要用积极的办法科学合理地进行调控。
要坚持实事求是，对症下药。
宏观调控中要注重“调整结构”，不要“只压总量”；要“点刹车”，不要“急刹车”；要“切一刀”，不要“一刀切”。
要做到全面分析，准确把握，顺势而为，量力而行，讲求实效，狠抓落实。
国开金融学第十三章
国开金融学第十三章在金融市场的运行中，风险与监管是两个永恒的主题。
金融市场的发展和运行，不仅需要有效的风险管理机制，同时也需要合理的监管制度。
国开金融学第十三章将深入探讨金融市场的风险与监管，帮助读者理解这两个重要概念，并分析其在实际金融市场中的应用。
金融市场风险的种类：包括市场风险、信用风险、流动性风险和操作风险等。
这些风险在金融市场的日常运行中都有可能出现，对投资者和金融机构产生影响。
金融市场风险的特点：金融市场风险具有复杂性和不确定性的特点。
这种风险可能源自市场变量的不确定性，也可能源自投资者对风险的认知不足。
金融市场风险的测量：通过运用各种金融工具和风险管理技术，我们可以对金融市场风险进行定量和定性分析。
常用的风险管理工具包括期权、期货、掉期等。
金融市场监管的目标：保护投资者权益、维护市场公平和透明度、促进金融稳定和系统安全。
金融市场监管的原则：依法监管、公开公正、独立性和效率。
这些原则旨在确保监管行为的有效性和公正性。
金融市场监管的手段：包括法律手段、经济手段和行政手段。
其中，法律手段是最基本和最重要的手段，它通过制定和执行相关法律法规来规范市场行为。
在本部分，我们将选取几个具有代表性的金融市场风险与监管案例进行分析。
这些案例将有助于我们更好地理解理论，并将其应用于实际场景。
国开金融学第十三章的学习，使我们深入理解了金融市场的风险与监管。
对于金融机构来说，建立和完善风险管理制度，加强内部风险控制，是确保业务稳健发展的关键。
政府和监管机构也需要根据市场变化及时调整监管策略，以维护市场的公平与透明，保护投资者的权益。
国开金融市场行测题库，是国开证券公司为了测试投资者对金融市场的了解程度和投资技能而设立的。
这个题库包含了各种类型的题目，从基础知识到高级策略，旨在全方位地评估投资者的能力。
国开金融市场行测题库的题目涵盖了金融市场的各个方面，包括但不限于金融市场的基本概念、投资策略、风险管理、金融产品分析等。
中央电大金融学第十三章自测题答案
题干
一般而言，货币政策中介指标的可控性、 可测性要强于操作指标， 而相关性则弱于操作指标。
选择一项：
对
错 反馈 知识点提示：操作指标与中介指标的作用与基本要求。参见教材本章第二节。
答案解析： 正好相反。就可控性与可测性而言，操作指标强于中介指标，相关性上则是中介 指标强于操作指标。
选择一项或多项：
A.传导机制
B.中介指标
C.政策目标
D.政策工具
E.操作指标 反馈 知识点提示：货币政策的基本框架。参见教材本章第一节。
The correct answers are:中介指标,政策目标,政策工具,操作指标 题目8未回答 满分8.00未标记标记题目 题干 货币政策目标包括（ ）。
选择一项或多项：
题目11
未回答
满分6.00
未标记标记题目 题干
法定存款准备金政策通常被认为是货币政策最猛烈的工具之一。 因为它通过决定或改变货币 乘数来影响货币供给， 因此， 即使准备金率调整的幅度很小， 也会引起货币供应量的巨大波 动。
选择一项：
对
错 反馈 知识点提示：一般性货币政策工具。参见教材本章第三节。
正确的答案是“对” 。
B.国际金融危机的冲击或扰动
C.对宏观经济进行深入分析
D.认识到采取措施的必要性
反馈 知识点提示：货币政策时滞。参见教材本章第四节。
题目12
未回答
满分6.00
未标记标记题目
题干 在一般性货币政策工具中，主动性和灵活性强，调控效果最为和缓的是再贴现政策。
选择一项：
对
错
反馈
知识点提示：一般性货币政策工具。参见教材本章第三节。 答案解析：具备这些特征的是公开市场业务。
《金融学》目录
《金融学》目录第一章金融概述11 金融的定义与范畴12 金融在现代经济中的作用13 金融体系的构成要素第二章货币与货币制度21 货币的起源与发展22 货币的职能23 货币的形态演变24 货币制度的类型与构成要素25 国际货币体系第三章信用与利息31 信用的含义与形式32 信用工具33 利息与利率的概念34 利率的决定因素与作用35 利率的计算方法第四章金融市场41 金融市场的分类与功能42 货币市场43 资本市场44 金融衍生工具市场45 金融市场的监管第五章金融机构51 金融机构体系的构成52 商业银行53 中央银行54 政策性银行55 非银行金融机构第六章商业银行的业务61 负债业务62 资产业务63 中间业务64 商业银行的风险管理第七章中央银行与货币政策71 中央银行的职能与地位72 货币政策的目标与工具73 货币政策的传导机制74 货币政策的效果评估第八章国际金融81 外汇与汇率82 汇率的决定与影响因素83 国际收支84 国际储备85 国际金融市场与国际资本流动第九章金融风险管理91 金融风险的类型与特征92 金融风险的识别与评估93 金融风险的防范与控制94 金融监管与金融稳定第十章金融创新与金融发展101 金融创新的含义与动力102 金融创新的主要内容与影响103 金融发展的理论与实践104 金融发展与经济增长的关系第十一章金融与科技111 科技对金融的影响112 金融科技的应用领域113 金融科技带来的挑战与机遇第十二章行为金融学121 行为金融学的基本概念122 投资者的心理与行为偏差123 行为金融学在投资决策中的应用第十三章金融伦理与社会责任131 金融伦理的内涵与原则132 金融机构的社会责任133 金融伦理与社会责任的实践案例。
国开金融学第十三章
金融学第十三章1、再贴现率的调整主要着眼于短期供求均衡，存在必定的限制性。
以下不属于其限制性的是（）。
A.能防止金融机构的道德风险B.是中央银行利率C.主动权并不是只在中央银行D.调理作用有限正确答案是：能防止金融机构的道德风险2、以下利率中不由中央银行规定的利率是（）。
A.商业银行存贷款基准利率B.再贴现率C.专项贷款利率D.银行间同业拆借利率知识点提示：我国钱币政策操作指标与中介指标。
参赐教材本章第二节。
正确答案是：银行间同业拆借利率3、属于间接信誉控制的其余钱币政策工具是（）。
A.规定金融机构流动性比率B.道义劝说C.采纳信誉配额D.规定利率限额反应知识点提示：其余钱币政策工具。
参赐教材本章第三节。
正确答案是：道义劝说4、保持（）稳固是保证市场经济中价钱体制发挥作用的前提。
A.利率B.币值C.汇率D.国际进出正确答案是：币值5、在对于钱币政策传导体制的理论中，托宾提出有名的Q 理论，归属于（）。
A.汇率传导论B.信贷传导论C.钱币传导论D.金融价钱传导论知识点提示：钱币政策传导体制的理论剖析。
参赐教材本章第四节。
正确答案是：金融价钱传导论6、公然市场业务政策的优胜性有（）。
A.主动性强B.灵巧性强C.调控成效缓和，震动性小D.影响范围广E.通告效应强知识点提示：一般性钱币政策工具。
参赐教材本章第三节。
正确答案是：主动性强 ,灵巧性强,调控成效缓和，震动性小,通告效应强7、其余钱币政策工具中，属于直接信誉控制的是（）。
A.采纳信誉配额B.不动产信誉控制C.规定金融机构流动性比率D.规定利率限额E.直接干涉知识点提示：其余钱币政策工具。
参赐教材本章第三节。
正确答案是：采纳信誉配额 , 规定金融机构流动性比率 , 规定利率限额 , 直接干涉8、以下属于选择性钱币政策工具的是（）。
A.不动产信誉控制B.花费信誉控制C.优惠利率D.预缴入口保证金E.证券市场信誉控制知识点提示：选择性钱币政策工具。
参赐教材本章第三节。
《金融学（第二版）》讲义大纲及课后习题答案详解十三章
《⾦融学（第⼆版）》讲义⼤纲及课后习题答案详解⼗三章CHAPTER 13THE CAPITAL ASSET PRICING MODELObjectivesExplain the theory behind the CAPM.Explain how to use the CAPM to establish benchmarks for measuring the performance of investment portfolios. Explain how to infer from the CAPM the correct risk-adjusted discount rate to use in discounted-cash-flow valuation models. Explain the APT and its relationship to the CAPM.Outline13.1 The Capital Asset Pricing Model in Brief13.2 Determinants of the Risk Premium on the Market Portfolio13.3 Beta and Risk Premiums on Individual Securities13.4 Using the CAPM in Portfolio Selection13.5 Valuation and Regulating Rates of Return13.6 Extensions, Modifications, and Alternatives to the CAPMSummaryThe CAPM has three main implications:In equilibrium, ev eryone’s relative holding of risky assets are the same as in the market portfolio.The size of the risk-premium of the market portfolio is determined by the risk-aversion of investors.The risk premium on any asset is equal to its beta times the risk premium on the market portfolio.Whether or not the CAPM is strictly true, it provides a rationale for a very simple passive portfolio strategy: Diversify your holdings of risky assets in the proportions of the market portfolio, andMix this portfolio with the risk-free asset to achieve a desired risk-reward combination.The CAPM is used in portfolio management primarily in two ways:To establish a logical and convenient starting point in asset allocation and security selectionTo establish a benchmark for evaluating portfolio management ability on a risk-adjusted basis.In corporate finance the CAPM is used to determine the appropriate risk-adjusted discount rate in valuation models of the firm and in capital budgeting decisions. The CAPM is also used to establish a “fair” rate of return on invested capital for regulated firms and in cost-plus pricing.Today few financial scholars consider the CAPM in its simplest form to be an accurate model for explaining or predicting risk premiums on risky assets. However, modified versions of the model are still a central feature of the theory and practice of finance.The APT gives a rationale for the expected return-beta relationship that relies on the condition that there be no arbitrage profit opportunities; the CAPM requires that investors be portfolio optimizers. The APT and CAPM are not incompatible; rather, they complement each other.Solutions to Problems at End of ChapterComposition of the Market Portfolio1. Capital markets in Flatland exhibit trade in four securities, the stocks X, Y and Z, and a risklessgovernment security. Evaluated at current prices in US dollars, the total market values of these assets are, respectively, $24 billion, $36 billion, $24 billion and $16 billion.a. Determine the relative proportions of each asset in the market portfolio.b. If one trader with a $100,000 portfolio holds $40,000 in the riskless security, $15,000 in X, $12,000 in Y, and$33,000 in Z, determine the holdings of the three risky assets of a second trader who invests $20, 000 of a $200, 000 portfolio in the riskless security.SOLUTION:The total value of all assets in the economy is 100 billion dollars. a. The proportions of each asset relative to the value of all assets are, respectively, .24 (X), .36 (Y),b. .24 (Z) and .16 (riskless bond.) The proportions of each risky asset to the total value of all risky assets are, respectively, (2/7) (X), (3/7) (Y) and (2/7) (Z).c. . Ignore the question as it appears in the First Edition of the textbook. Instead, the question should be: If aninvestor has $100,000 with $30,000 invested in the riskless asset, how much is invested in securities X, Y, and Z? The answer to this question is $20,000 in X and Z, and $30,000 in Y.Implications of CAPM2. The riskless rate of interest is .06 per year, and the expected rate of return on the market portfolio is .15 per year.a. According to the CAPM , what is the efficient way for an investor to achieve an expected rate of returnof .10 per year?b. If the standard deviation of the rate of return on the market portfolio is .20, what is the standarddeviation on the above portfolio?c. Draw the CML and locate the foregoing portfolio on the same graph.d. Draw the SML and locate the foregoing portfolio on the same graph.e. Estimate the value of a stock with an expected dividend per share of $5 this coming year, an expecteddividend growth rate of 4% per year forever, and a beta of .8. If its market price is less than the value you have estimated, i.e., if it is under-priced, what is true of its mean rate of return?SOLUTION: a.So one would hold a portfolio that is 4/9 invested in the market portfolio and 5/9 in the riskless asset. b.c. The formula for the CML is9415.)1(06.10.)()1()(=+-=?+-?=x xx x r E x r r E M f 08889.)20(.94==?=M x σσσσσ45.06.)()(+=-+=MfM f r r E r r Ed. The formula for the SML ise. Use constant growth rate DDM and find r using the SML relationIf the market price of the stock is less than this, then its expected return is higher than the 13.2% required rate.()ββ09.06.)()(+=-+=f M f r r E r r E 35.54$04.132.504.510=-=-=-=r g r D P 132.8.09.06.09.06.=?+=+=βr3. If the CAPM is valid, which of the following situations is possible? Explain. Consider each situation independently. a.PortfolioExpected ReturnBeta A 0.20 1.4B 0.25 1.2b.PortfolioExpected ReturnStandard DeviationA 0.300.35B 0.400.25c.Portfolio Expected ReturnStandard DeviationRisk-free 0.100Market 0.180.24A 0.160.12d.Portfolio Expected ReturnStandard DeviationRisk-free 0.100Market 0.180.24A0.200.22SOLUTION:a. Impossible. Since the risk premium on the market portfolio is positive, a security with a higher beta must have ahigher expected return.b. Possible. Since portfolios A & B are not necessarily efficient, A can have a higher standard deviation and alower expected return than B.c. Impossible. Portfolio A lies above the CML, implying that the CML is not efficient. If the standard deviation ofA is .12, then according to the CML its expected return cannot be greater than .14.d. Impossible. Portfolio A has a lower standard deviation and a higher mean return than the market portfolio,implying that the market portfolio is not efficient.4. If the Treasury bill rate is currently 4% and the expected return to the market portfolio over the same period is 12%, determine the risk premium on the market. If the standard deviation of the return on the market is .20, what is the equation of the Capital Market Line?SOLUTION: The risk premium on the market portfolio is .08. The slope of the CML is .08/.2 = .4. Thus, the equation of the CML is:Determinants of the Market Risk Premium5. Consider an economy in which the expected return on the market portfolio over a particular period is .25, the standard deviation of the return to the market portfolio over this same period is .25, and the averagedegree of risk aversion among traders is 3. If the government wishes to issue risk-free zero-coupon bonds with a term to maturity of one period and a face value per bond of $100,000, how much can the government expect to receive per bond? []σσσ4.04.)()(+=++=MfMf r rE r r ESOLUTION:According to the CAPM, E(r M) - r f = Aσ2, so that r f = E(r M) - Aσ2.Substituting into this formula we find: r f = .25 – 3 x .252 = .0625Therefore the revenue raised by the government per bond issued is $100,000 = $94,117.651.06256. . Norma Swanson has invested 40% of her wealth in MGM stock and 60% in Industrial Light and Magic stock. Norma believes the returns to these stocks have a correlation of .06 and that their respective means and standard deviations are: MGM ILMExpected Return (%) 10 15Standard Deviation (%) 15 25a.Determine the expected value and standard deviation of the return on Norma’s portfolio.b.Would a risk-averse investor such as Norma prefer a portfolio composed entirely of only MGM stock? Ofonly ILM stock? Why or why not?SOLUTION:a.The expected return is .13, and the standard deviation is .1649.b. A risk averse investor will not want to hold a portfolio composed entirely of MGM or of ILM stock, becauseone can, in general, achieve the same expected return with a lower standard deviation by combining a portfolio of MGM and ILM with the risk-free asset.7. Consider a portfolio exhibiting an expected return of 20% in an economy in which the riskless interest rate is 8%, the expected return to the market portfolio is thirteen percent, and the standard deviation of the return to the market portfolio is .25. Assuming this portfolio is efficient, determine:a.its beta.b.the standard deviation of its return.c.its correlation with the market return.SOLUTION:/doc/ad5801fd700abb68a982fb59.html e the security market line to infer that the beta of this portfolio is 2.4:.20 = .08 + β(.13 - .08)β = (.20 - .08)/(.13 - .08) = .12/.05 = 2.4/doc/ad5801fd700abb68a982fb59.html e the capital market line to infer that the standard deviation of the yield to this portfolio is .6:.20 = .08+ (.13 - .08) σ = .08+ .2 σ.25σ = .12/.2 = .6c.By definition the following relationships hold:β = cov/σ2Mρ = covσiσMwhere ρ denotes the correlation coefficient. We know that β = 2.4, σM = .25, and σi = .6.So from the definition of β, we get that the cov is 2.4 x .252 = .15. Substituting this into the definition of ρ: ρ = cov = .15 __ = 1σiσM .6 x .25Application of CAPM to Corporate Finance8. . The Suzuki Motor Company is contemplating issuing stock to finance investment in producing a new sports-utility vehicle, the Seppuku. Financial analysts within Suzuki forecast that this investment will have precisely the same risk as the market portfolio, where the annual return to the market portfolio is expected to be 15% and the current risk-free interest rate is 5%. The analysts further believe that the expected return to the Seppuku project will be 20% annually. Derive the maximal beta value that would induce Suzuki to issue the stock.SOLUTION:The project would be on the borderline if its required return were 20% per year. Since the risk-free rate is 5% and the risk premium on the market portfolio is 10%, the required return would be 20% if the beta were 1.5.9. . Roobel and Associates, a firm of financial analysts specializing in Russian financial markets, forecasts that the stock of the Yablonsky Toy Company will be worth 1,000 roubles per share one year from today. If the riskless interest rate on Russian government securities is 10% and the expected return to the market portfolio is 18% determine how much you would pay for a share of Yablonsky stock today if:a.the beta of Yablonsky is 3.b.the beta of Yablonsky is 0.5.SOLUTION:Use the security market line in each case to determine a required rate of return, then infer the current price from the forecasted price of 1,000 roubles and the required rate of return you have determined.a.If beta is 3, the required return is .10+ 3x.08 = .34. You would pay 1,000/1.34 = 746.27 roubles;b.If beta is .5, the required return is .10+ .5x.08 = .14. You would pay 1,000/1.14 = 877.19 roubles.Application of CAPM to Portfolio Management10. Suppose that the stock of the new cologne manufacturer, Eau de Rodman, Inc., has been forecast to havea return with standard deviation .30 and a correlation with the market portfolio of .9. If the standard deviation of the yield on the market is .20, determine the relative holdings of the market portfolio and Eau de Rodman stock to form a portfolio with a beta of 1.8.SOLUTION: By definition:β = cov/σ2Mρ = covσrσMTherefore, β = ρσr/σM. The beta of Rodman stock is therefore .9x.3/.2 = 1.35.The beta of a portfolio is a weighted average of the betas of the component securities. Let A be a fraction of the portfolio invested in Rodman stock to produce a beta of 1.8. Then we have:1.35A + (1-A) = 1.8.35A = .8A = 2.286So the portfolio would have to have 228.6% invested in Rodman stock and a short position in the market portfolio equal to 128.6%.11. The current price of a share of stock in the Vo Giap Clothing Company of Vietnam is 50 dong and its expected yield over the year is 14%. The market risk premium in Vietnam is 8% and the riskless interest rate 6%. What would happen to the stock’s current price if its expected future payout remains co nstant while the covariance of its rate of return with the market portfolio falls by 50%?SOLUTION:Deduce that the expected future price of a share of Vo Giap is 57 dong, so that a reduction in this stock’s beta of 50% implies, by the security market relation, that the required yield on Vo Giap is now 10%, so that its current share price rises by 3.64% toa new value of 51.82 dong.12. Suppose that you believe that the price of a share of IBM stock a year from today will be equal to the sumof the price of a share of General Motors stock plus the price of a share of Exxon, and further you believethat the price of a share of IBM stock in one year will be $100 whereas the price of a share of General Motors today is $30. If the annualized yield on 91-day T-bills (the riskless rate you use) is 5%, the expected yield on the market is 15%, the variance of the market portfolio is 1, and the beta of IBM is 2, what price would you be willing to pay for one share of Exxon stock today?SOLUTION:Expected return = .05 + 2(.15 - .05) = 25%; (100 - x)/x = .25 → x = $80Deduce that the current price of a share of IBM stock is $80, so that the upper bound on the price of a share of Exxon is ($80 -$30 = $50).13. Ascertain whether the following quotation is true or false, and state why:“When arbitrage is absent from financial markets, and investors are each concerned with only the risk and return to their portfolios, then each investor can eliminate all the riskiness of his investments through diversification, and as a consequence the expected yield on each available asset will depend only on the covariance of its yield with the covariance of the yield on the diversified portfolio of risky assets each investor holds.”SOLUTION:False. You cannot eliminate all risk through diversification, only the unsystematic risk.Application of CAPM to Measuring Portfolio Performance14. During the most recent 5-year period, the Pizzaro mutual fund earned an average annualized rate of return of 12% and had an annualized standard deviation of 30%. The average risk-free rate was 5% per year. The average rate of return in the market index over that same period was 10% per year and the standard deviation was 20%. How well did Pizzaro perform on a risk-adjusted basis?SOLUTION:Compute the ratio of average excess return to standard deviation for Pizzaro and compare it to that of the market portfolio: Pizzaro risk-adjusted performance ratio = (.12-.05)/.30 = .233Market portfolio risk-adjusted performance ratio = (.1-.05)/.2 = .250So, on a risk-adjusted basis, Pizzaro did worse than the market index.Challenge ProblemCAPM with only 2 Risky Assets15. There are only two risky assets in the economy: stocks and real estate and their relative supplies are 50% stocks and 50% real estate. Thus, the market portfolio will be half stocks and half real estate. The standard deviations are .20 for stocks, .20 for real estate, and the correlation between them is 0. The coefficient of relative risk aversion of the average market participant (A) is 3. r f is .08 per year.a.According to the CAPM what must be the equilibrium risk premium on the market portfolio, on stocks,and on real estate?b.Draw the Capital Market Line. What is its slope? Where is the point representing stocks located relativeto the CML?c.Draw the SML. What is its formula? Where is the point representing stocks located relative to the SML? SOLUTION: a.The market portfolio consists of half stocks and half real estate. It has a standard deviation of .1414, computedas follows:σ2M = w2σ2s + (1-w)2σ2r+ 2 w(1-w) cov s,rσ2M = 2 x (1/2)2 .22 = .02σM = .1414The equilibrium risk premium on the market portfolio is E(r M)-r f = Aσ2M = 3x.02 = .06.The market portfolio’s expected rate of return is also a weighted average of the expected rates of return on stocks and real estate, where the weights are each 1/2. Stocks and real estate must have the same risk premiumbecause they have the same standard deviation and correlation with the market. Therefore the risk premium on stocks and real estate must be .06, the same as the market portfolio’s risk premium.b.The slope of the CML is .06/.1414 = .424. The point representing stocks is M, it is to the right of the CML.equaling to 1.The formula is: E(r) = r f + (E(r M) –r f).。
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金融学第十三章1、再贴现率的调整主要着眼于短期供求均衡，存在一定的局限性。
下列不属于其局限性的是（）。
A. 能避免金融机构的道德风险 B. 是中央银行利率 C. 主动权并非只在中央银行 D. 调节作用有限正确答案是：能避免金融机构的道德风险2、下列利率中不由中央银行规定的利率是（）。
A. 商业银行存贷款基准利率 B. 再贴现率 C. 专项贷款利率 D. 银行间同业拆借利率知识点提示：我国货币政策操作指标与中介指标。
参见教材本章第二节。
正确答案是：银行间同业拆借利率3、属于间接信用控制的其他货币政策工具是（）。
A. 规定金融机构流动性比率 B. 道义劝告 C. 采用信用配额 D. 规定利率限额反馈知识点提示：其他货币政策工具。
参见教材本章第三节。
正确答案是：道义劝告4、保持（）稳定是保证市场经济中价格机制发挥作用的前提。
A. 利率 B. 币值 C. 汇率 D. 国际收支正确答案是：币值5、在关于货币政策传导机制的理论中，托宾提出着名的Q 理论，归属于（）。
A. 汇率传导论 B. 信贷传导论 C. 货币传导论 D. 金融价格传导论知识点提示：货币政策传导机制的理论分析。
参见教材本章第四节。
正确答案是：金融价格传导论6、公开市场业务政策的优越性有（）。
A. 主动性强 B. 灵活性强 C. 调控效果和缓，震动性小 D. 影响范围广 E. 告示效应强知识点提示：一般性货币政策工具。
参见教材本章第三节。
正确答案是：主动性强, 灵活性强, 调控效果和缓，震动性小, 告示效应强7、其他货币政策工具中，属于直接信用控制的是（）。
A. 采用信用配额 B. 不动产信用控制 C. 规定金融机构流动性比率 D. 规定利率限额 E. 直接干预知识点提示：其他货币政策工具。
参见教材本章第三节。
正确答案是：采用信用配额, 规定金融机构流动性比率, 规定利率限额, 直接干预8、下列属于选择性货币政策工具的是（）。
A. 不动产信用控制 B. 消费信用控制 C. 优惠利率 D. 预缴进口保证金 E. 证券市场信用控制知识点提示：选择性货币政策工具。
参见教材本章第三节。
正确答案是：不动产信用控制, 消费信用控制, 优惠利率, 预缴进口保证金, 证券市场信用控制9、1994 年《国务院关于金融体制改革的决定》明确提出，我国货币政策中介指标主要包括（）。
A. 货币供应量 B. 信用总量 C. 商业银行贷款总量 D. 同业拆借利率 E. 银行超额准备金率知识点提示：我国货币政策的操作指标与中介指标。
参见教材本章第二节。
正确答案是：货币供应量, 信用总量, 同业拆借利率, 银行超额准备金率10、货币政策目标包括（）。
A. 金融稳定
B. 充分就业
C. 经济增长
D. 国际收支平衡
E. 稳定币值知识点提示：货币政策的目标。
参见教材本章第一节。
正确答案是：金融稳定, 充分就业, 经济增长, 国际收支平衡, 稳定币值11、利率作为货币政策的中介指标，优点是可测性和相关性都较强，但抗干扰性较差。
对错知识点提示：可作为中介指标的金融变量。
参见教材本章第二节。
正确的答案是“对”。
12、从中央银行采取行动到对政策目标产生影响所经过的时间称之为行动时滞。
对错知识点提示：货币政策时滞。
参见教材本章第四节。
答
案解析：是外部时滞。
正确的答案是“错”。
13、货币传导论认为，货币政策操作以后，传导主要是通过金融资产价格和信贷渠道完成。
对错知识点提示：货币政策传导机制的理论分析。
参见教材本章第四节。
答案解析：货币传导论认为主要通过货币量的变化传导。
正确的答案是“错”。
14、菲利普斯曲线表明物价稳定和充分就业这两个货币政策目标之间存在此消彼长的关系；但是，自然律假说反对这种观点，提出物价稳定和充分就业之间并不矛盾。
对错知识点提示：货币政策诸目标的关系。
参见教材本章第一节。
正确的答案是“对”。
15、量化宽松的货币政策以利率是零或负值为基本特征。
对错知识点提示：量化宽松的货币政策。
参见教材本章第五节。
答案解析：量化宽松的货币政策以“货币数量扩张”为主要特征。
正确的答案是“错”。