【参考借鉴】中央文献重要术语英文翻译.docx
中央文献重要术语译文(5)之热点词汇
中央文献重要术语译文（5）之热点词汇说明：本期继续围绕抗日战争主题发布术语译文，选择了31条术语。
这些术语侧重于抗日战争期间的重大事件、战役、战术、抗战的主要力量，既充分反映了抗战的历史，也展示了中国共产党在全民族团结抗战中的中流砥柱作用。
此外，我们也挑选了一些揭示日本侵略者滔天罪行的术语。
1、九一八事变September 18th Incident2、七七事变(卢沟桥事变)July 7th Incident (Lugou Bridge Incident)3、淞沪会战Battle of Shanghai4、平型关大捷Battle of Pingxingguan; victory at Pingxingguan5、台儿庄大捷Battle of Tai’erzhuang; victory at Tai’erzhuang6、武汉会战Battle of Wuhan7、百团大战Hundred-Regiment Campaign8、八路军Eighth Route Army9、新四军New Fourth Army10、东北抗日联军Northeast United Resistance Army11、华南人民抗日游击队Southern China People’s Counter-Japanese Guerrilla Force12、中国远征军Chinese Expeditionary Force13、持久战protracted war14、游击战guerrilla warfare15、运动战mobile warfare16、地道战tunnel warfare17、地雷战landmine warfare18、抗日根据地resistance base19、解放区liberated area20、游击区guerrilla area21、敌占区(沦陷区)enemy-occupied area; occupied area22、“大东亚共荣圈”“Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere”23、“三光”政策“Three Alls”policy (kill all, burn all, loot all) 24、“731部队”(满洲第731部队)“Unit 731”(Unit 731 of Manchuria)25、南京大屠杀Nanjing Massacre26、“慰安妇”“comfort women”27、细菌战germ warfare28、化学战chemical warfare29、“扫荡”“mopping-up”operation30、“蚕食”“gnawing-away”operation31、“清乡”“pacification”operation。
中央文献翻译部编译政治经济词汇英汉对照
半费医疗partially paid medical care半公开more or less openly / partly open / semi-open半途而废give up halfway半殖民地半封建社会semi-colonial, semi-feudal society帮倒忙do more harm than help帮派思想严重be strongly factionalist in one's ideas / be obsessed by factionalist ideas 包产到户fix farm output quotas on a household basis保持党的先进性keep the Party's progressivenessmaintain the sustained, rapid and sound development of the national 保持国民经济持续、快速、健康发展economy保持清醒头脑keep clear heads / remain clear-headed / be sober-minded保护区protected area / conservation area /reserve保监会China Insurance Regulatory Commision保健食品health food保密工作work of safeguarding secret information保税区free trade zone保险业insurance industry保证中央的政令畅通ensure the Central Committee's decisions are carried out without failResources must be channeled to key projects and not spread thinly 保重点，不撒胡椒面everywhere.保值增值preserve or increase the value.报案report a case报案人informant报废资产dead assets报复杀人revenge murder报关单customs declaration / declaration form报关口岸port of entry抱残守缺hang on to what's outmoded暴力犯罪violent crimes暴利exorbitant profits爆炸罪crime of causing an explosion悲观心理 a pessimistic mood背包袱be burdened with北京通old Beijing hand北京外交人员服务局Beijing Diplomatic Service Bureau备用金reserve funds背后批评behind-the-back criticism背离depart from / deviate from / turn one's back on 背书担保guarantee by endorsement被动中的主动initiative within passivity被提名人nominee被选举权right to stand for election被葬送be ruined被征入伍者inductee本本主义book worship本国home country表演艺术家performing artist憋着一肚子气harbor pent-up grievances别生枝节give rise to other contingencies濒危动物endangered animal species 兵役制度system of military service 秉公办事handle matters impartially 并行不悖be not mutually exclusive病虫害plant diseases and insect pests拨乱反正set things right / set things to rights波浪式前进advance in waves剥夺继承权disinherit剥夺阶级思想exploiting class ideology 博爱工程Love of Humanity Project 博士论文doctoral dissertation薄弱环节weak link补充兵源troop replenishment /初加工产品preliminarily processed product初始保证金initial margin除害灭病eradicate pests and communicable diseases雏形embryonic form储蓄利率savings account interest rate处理失当mishandle / handle inappropriatelyin a fine-tuning period / in a break-in period / in a period of 处在磨合阶段adjustment穿小鞋make things hard for somebody传播先进文化spread advanced culture传票summons / subpoena传统安全威胁traditional threats to security传为笑谈become a standing joke / become a laughing-stock传讯subpoena传真系统facsimile system闯的精神pioneering spirit闯将pathbreaker创出牌子earn a high reputation创始国founding nation创新体系innovation system创造条件pave the way for / create the conditions for垂死的力量moribund forceunable to hide one's greed / with mouth watering for / drool 垂涎三尺with envy。
中央文献重要术语英文翻译
中央文献重要术语译文发布区域协同发展coordinated development between regions城乡发展一体化urban-rural integration物质文明和精神文明协调发展ensure that cultural-ethical and materialdevelopment progress together军民融合发展战略military-civilian integration strategy经济建设和国防建设融合发展integrated development of the economy andnational defense京津冀协同发展coordinated development of the Beijing,Tianjin, and Hebei region综合立体交通走廊multimodal transport corridor居住证制度residence card system财政转移支付同农业转移人口市民化挂钩机制mechanism linking the transfer payments a local government receives to the number of former rural residents granted urban residency in its jurisdiction城镇建设用地增加规模同吸纳农业转移人口落户数量挂钩机制mechanism linking increases in the amount of land designated for urban development in a locality to the number of former rural residents granted urban residency there中国特色新型智库new type of Chinese think tanks马克思主义理论研究和建设工程Marxist Theory Research and DevelopmentProject哲学社会科学创新工程initiative to promote innovation inphilosophy and the social sciences网络内容建设工程initiative to enrich online content农村人居环境整治行动rural living environment improvementinitiative历史文化名村名镇towns and villages with rich historical andcultural heritage美丽宜居乡村 a countryside that is beautiful and pleasantto live in中文英文the全面建成小康社会决胜阶段society in all respects。
文献专用英语词汇
英文全称缩写中文Abstra cts Abstr. 文摘Abbrevi atio n缩语和略语Acta 学报Advances 进展Annals Anna. 纪事Annual Annu. 年鉴，年度Semi-Annual半年度Annual Review 年评Appendi x Appx 附录Archiv es 文献集Associ ation Assn 协会Author 作者Biblio graph y 书目，题录Biologi calA bstra ct BA生物学文摘Bulleti n 通报，公告Chemical Abstra ct CA化学文摘Citati on Cit 引文，题录Classi fi cati on 分类，分类表College Coll. 学会，学院Compact Disc-Read Only Memory CD-ROM 只读光盘Compan y Co. 公司Conten t目次Co-term 配合词，共同词Cross-refere nces相互参见Digest辑要，文摘Direct ory 名录，指南Dissertatio n s Diss. 学位论文Editio n Ed. 版次Editor Ed. 编者、编辑Excerp ta Medica EM 荷兰《医学文摘》Encycl opedi a 百科全书The Engine ering IndexEi工程索引Et al 等等European Patent ConvertionEPC 欧洲专利协定Federa tion联合会Gazett e 报，公报Guide指南Handbo ok 手册Headin g标题词Illust ratio n Illus. 插图Index索引Cumula tiveIndex累积索引IndexMedicu s IM 医学索引Instit ute Inst. 学会、研究所Intern ation al Patent Classi fi cati on IPC 国际专利分类法Intern ation al Standa rd Book Number ISBN 国际标准书号Intern ation al Standa rd Series Number ISSN 国际标准刊号Journal J. 杂志、刊Issue期（次）Keyword 关键词Letter Let. 通讯、读者来信List 目录、一览表Manual手册Medical Litera tureA nalysi s and MADLARS 医学文献分析与检索系统Retrie val SystemMedical Subject Headin g s MeSH 医学主题词表Note 札记Papers论文Patent Cooperation Treaty PCT 国际专利合作条约Precisi on Ratio查准率Press出版社Procce eding s Proc. 会报、会议录Progre ss 进展Public ation Publ. 出版物Recall Ratio查全率Record记录、记事Report报告、报导Review 评论、综述Sciences Abstra cts SA科学文摘Sectio n Sec. 部分、辑、分册See also 参见Selecti ve Dissem i nati on of Inform ation SDI 定题服务Semina rs 专家讨论会文集Series Ser. 丛书、辑Societ y 学会Source来源、出处Subhea dings 副主题词Stop term 禁用词Subject 主题Summary 提要Supple ment Suppl. 附刊、增刊Survey概览Symposi um Symp. 专题学术讨论会Thesau rus 叙词表、词库Title篇名、刊名、题目Topics 论题、主题Transa ction s 汇报、汇刊V olume V ol. 卷WorldIntell ectual Property Organi zatio n WIPO 世界知识产权WorldPatent IndexWPI 世界专利索引Y earbo ok 年鉴基础化学常用英语词汇1. The Ideal-Gas Equati on 理想气体状态方程2. Partia l Pressu res 分压3. Real Gases:Deviati on from IdealB ehavi or 真实气体：对理想气体行为的偏离4. The van der WaalsEquati on 范德华方程5. System and Surrou nding s 系统与环境6. Stateand StateFuncti ons 状态与状态函数7. Process 过程8. Phase相9. The First Law of Thermo dynami cs 热力学第一定律10. Heat and Work 热与功11. Endoth ermic and Exothe rmic Proces ses 吸热与发热过程12. Enthal piesof Reacti ons 反应热13. Hess’s Law 盖斯定律14. Enthal piesof Formati on 生成焓15. Reacti on Rates反应速率16. Reacti on Order反应级数17. Rate Consta nts 速率常数18. ActivationEnergy活化能19. The Arrheni us Equati on 阿累尼乌斯方程20. Reacti on Mechan i sms反应机理21. Homoge neous Cataly si s 均相催化剂22. Hetero geneo us Cataly si s 非均相催化剂23. Enzyme s 酶24. The Equili brium Consta nt 平衡常数25. the Directi on of Reacti on 反应方向26. Le Chatel ier’s Princi ple 列·沙特列原理27. Effect s of Volume, Pressu re, Temper ature Change s and Cataly stsi. 体积，压力，温度变化以及催化剂的影响28. Sponta neous Proces ses 自发过程29. Entrop y (Standa rd Entrop y) 熵（标准熵）30. The Second Law of Thermo dynam i cs 热力学第二定律31. Entrop y Change s 熵变32. Standa rd Free-Energy Change s 标准自由能变33. Acid-Bases酸碱34. The Dissoci atio n of Water水离解35. The Proton in Water水合质子36. The pH Scales pH值37. Bronsted-LowryA cidsand BasesB ronsted-Lowry酸和碱38. Proton-Transfer Reacti ons 质子转移反应39. Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs共轭酸碱对40. Relati ve Streng th of Acidsand Bases酸碱的相对强度41. LewisA cidsand Bases路易斯酸碱42. Hydrol ysiso f Metal Ions 金属离子的水解43. Buffer Soluti ons 缓冲溶液44. The Common-Ion Effect s 同离子效应45. Buffer Capaci ty 缓冲容量46. Format i on of Comple x Ions 配离子的形成47. Solubi lity溶解度48. The Solubi lity-Product Consta nt Ksp 溶度积常数49. Precip i tati on and separa tiono f Ions 离子的沉淀与分离50. Selecti ve Precip i tati on of Ions 离子的选择沉淀51. Oxidati on-Reducti on Reacti ons 氧化还原反应52. Oxidati on Number氧化数53. Balanci ng Oxidat i on-Reducti on Equati ons 氧化还原反应方程的配平54. Half-Reacti on 半反应55. Galvan i Cell 原电池56. V oltai c Cell 伏特电池57. Cell EMF 电池电动势58. Standa rd Electrode Potenti als标准电极电势59. Oxidiz i ng and Reduci ng Agents氧化剂和还原剂60. The Nernst Equati on 能斯特方程61. Electrol ysi s电解62. The Wave Behavi or of Electrons 电子的波动性63. Bohr’s Model o f The Hydrog en Atom 氢原子的波尔模型64. Line Spectra线光谱65. Quantu m Number s 量子数66. Electron Spin 电子自旋67. Atomic Orbita l原子轨道68. The s (p, d, f) Orbita l s（p，d，f）轨道69. Many-Electron Atoms多电子原子70. Energi es of Orbita l轨道能量71. The Pauli Exclusi on Princi ple 泡林不相容原理72. Electron Config urati ons 电子构型73. The Periodi c Table周期表74. Row 行75. Group族76. Isotop es, Atomic Number s, and Mass Number s 同位素，原子数，质量数77. Periodi c Propertiesof the Elemen ts 元素的周期律78. Radius of Atoms原子半径79. Ioniza tionEnergy电离能80. Electronega tivit y 电负性81. Effecti ve Nuclea r Charge有效核电荷82. Electron Affini ties亲电性83. Metals金属84. Nonmet als 非金属85. V alence Bond Theory价键理论86. Covale n ce Bond 共价键87. Orbita l Overla p轨道重叠88. Multip l e Bonds重键89. Hybrid Orbita l杂化轨道90. The VSEPRModel价层电子对互斥理论91. Molecul ar Geomet ries分子空间构型92. Molecul ar Orbita l分子轨道93. Diatomi c Molecu les 双原子分子94. Bond Length键长95. Bond Order键级96. Bond Angles 键角97. Bond Enthal pies键能98. Bond Polari ty 键矩99. Dipole Moment s 偶极矩100. Polari t y Molecul es 极性分子101. Polyat omicMolecul es 多原子分子102. Crysta l Struct ure 晶体结构103. Non-Crysta l非晶体104. ClosePackin g of Sphere s 球密堆积105. Metall i c Solids 金属晶体106. Metall i c Bond 金属键107. Alloys 合金108. IonicSolids 离子晶体109. Ion-Dipole Forces离子偶极力110. Molecul ar Forces分子间力111. Interm olecul ar Forces分子间作用力112. Hydrogen Bondin g氢键113. Covale nt-Network Solids 原子晶体114. Compou nds 化合物115. The Nomencl ature, Composi tion and Struct ure of Comple xes 配合物的命名，组成和结构116. Charge s, Coordi natio n Number s, and Geomet ries电荷数、配位数、及几何构型117. Chelat es 螯合物118. Isomeri sm 异构现象119. Struct ural Isomeri sm 结构异构120. Stereo i some ri sm立体异构121. Magneti sm 磁性122. Electron Config urati ons in Octahe dral Comple xes 八面体构型配合物的电子分布123. Tetrah edral and Square-planar Comple xes 四面体和平面四边形配合物124. Genera l Characteris ti cs共性125. s-BlockElemen ts s区元素126. Alkali Metals碱金属127. Alkali ne EarthMetals碱土金属128. Hydrid e s 氢化物129. Oxides 氧化物130. Peroxi des and Supero xides过氧化物和超氧化物131. Hydroxi des氢氧化物132. Salts盐133. p-BlockElemen t s p区元素134. BoronGroup(Boron, Alumin i um, Galliu m, Indium, Thalli um) 硼族（硼，铝，镓，铟，铊）135. Borane硼烷136. Carbon Group (Carbon, Silico n, German i um, Tin, Lead) 碳族（碳，硅，锗，锡，铅）137. Graphi te, Carbon Monoxi de, Carbon Dioxid e石墨，一氧化碳，二氧化碳138. Carboni c Acid, Carbon atesand Carbid e s 碳酸，碳酸盐，碳化物139. Occurrenceand Preparation of Silico n 硅的存在和制备140. Silici c Acid，Silica tes 硅酸，硅酸盐141. Nitrog en Group(Phosph orus, A rseni c, Antimo ny, and Bismut h) 氮族（磷，砷，锑，铋）142. Ammoni a, Nitric A cid, Phosph oricA cid 氨，硝酸，磷酸143. Phosph orate s, phosph orusH alide s 磷酸盐，卤化磷144. Oxygen Group (Oxygen, Sulfur, Seleni um, and Telluri um) 氧族元素（氧，硫，硒，碲）145. Ozone, Hydrogen Peroxi de 臭氧，过氧化氢146. Sulfid e s 硫化物147. Halogens (Fluori ne, Chlori ne, Bromin e, Iodine) 卤素（氟，氯，溴，碘）148. Halide s, Chlori de 卤化物，氯化物149. The NobleGases稀有气体150. Noble-Gas Compou nds 稀有气体化合物151. d-Blockelemen ts d区元素152. Transi tionMetals过渡金属153. Potassi um Dichro mate重铬酸钾154. Potassi um Perman ganate 高锰酸钾155. Iron Copper Zinc Mercury 铁，铜，锌，汞156. f-BlockElemen ts f区元素157. Lantha nides镧系元素158. Radioa ctivi ty 放射性159. Nuclea r Chemis t ry 核化学160. Nuclea r Fissio n核裂变161. Nuclea r Fusion核聚变162. analyti cal chemis try 分析化学163. qualit ative analysi s 定性分析164. quanti tativ e analysi s 定量分析165. chemic al analysi s 化学分析166. instru menta l analysi s 仪器分析167. titrim etry滴定分析168. gravim etric analysi s 重量分析法169. regent试剂170. chroma togra phi canalysi s 色谱分析171. product产物172. electro chem i cal analysi s 电化学分析173. on-line analysi s 在线分析174. macroanalysi s 常量分析175. charac teris ti c 表征176. microanalysi s 微量分析177. deform ation analysi s 形态分析178. semimi cro analysi s 半微量分析179. system ati cal error系统误差180. routin e analysi s 常规分析181. random error偶然误差182. arbitration analysi s 仲裁分析183. grosserror过失误差184. normal distri butio n正态分布185. accura cy 准确度186. deviati on偏差187. precis i on 精密度188. relati ve standa rd deviati on 相对标准偏差（RSD）189. coeffi cient variati on 变异系数（CV）190. confid encel evel置信水平191. confid encei nterv al置信区间192. signifi cant test 显著性检验193. signifi cant figure有效数字194. standa rd soluti on 标准溶液195. titrat i on 滴定196. stoich i omet ri c point化学计量点197. end point滴定终点198. titrat i on error滴定误差199. primary standa rd 基准物质200. amount of substa n ce 物质的量201. standa rdiza tion标定202. chemic al reacti on 化学反应203. concen trati on浓度204. chemic al equili brium化学平衡205. titer滴定度206. genera l equati on for a chemic al reacti on化学反应的通式207. proton theory of acid-base 酸碱质子理论208. acid-base titrati on 酸碱滴定法209. dissoci atio n consta nt 解离常数210. conjug ate acid-base pair 共轭酸碱对211. acetic acid 乙酸212. hydroni um ion水合氢离子213. electrolyte电解质214. ion-product consta nt of water水的离子积215. ioniza tion电离216. proton conditi on 质子平衡217. zero level零水准218. buffer soluti on缓冲溶液219. methyl orange甲基橙220. acid-base indicator 酸碱指示剂221. phenol phthal ein酚酞222. coordi natio n compou nd 配位化合物223. center ion 中心离子224. cumula tivestabil ity consta nt 累积稳定常数225. alphacoeffi c ient酸效应系数226. overal l stabil ity consta nt 总稳定常数227. ligand配位体228. ethyle nedia mi netetraa cetic acid 乙二胺四乙酸229. side reacti on coeffi c ient副反应系数230. coordi natio n atom 配位原子231. coordi natio n number配位数232. lone pair electron 孤对电子233. chelat e compou nd 螯合物234. metali ndica tor 金属指示剂235. chelat i ng agent螯合剂236. maskin g掩蔽237. demask i ng 解蔽238. electron 电子239. cataly si s 催化240. oxidati on氧化241. cataly st 催化剂242. reducti on 还原243. cataly tic reacti on 催化反应244. reacti on rate 反应速率245. electrode potenti al 电极电势246. activa tionenergy反应的活化能247. redox couple氧化还原电对248. potassi um perman ganat e 高锰酸钾249. iodime try碘量法250. potassi um dichro mate重铬酸钾251. cerime try 铈量法252. redoxi ndica tor 氧化还原指示253. oxygen consumi ng 耗氧量（OC）254. chemic al oxygen demanded 化学需氧量(COD)255. dissol ved oxygen溶解氧(DO)256. precip i tati on 沉淀反应257. argenti metry银量法258. hetero geneo us equili brium of ions 多相离子平衡259. aging陈化260. postprecipi tatio n继沉淀261. copreci pita tion共沉淀262. igniti on 灼烧263. fitrati on 过滤264. decant ation倾泻法265. chemic al factor 化学因数266. spectrophot ometry分光光度法267. colori metry比色分析268. transm i ttan ce 透光率269. absorp tivit y 吸光率270. calibration curve校正曲线271. standa rd curve标准曲线272. monoch romat or 单色器273. source光源274. wavele ngthdi sper sion色散275. absorp tion cell吸收池276. detect or 检测系统277. bathochromi c shift红移278. Molarabsorp ti vit y 摩尔吸光系数279. hypoch romic shift紫移280. acetyl ene 乙炔281. ethyle ne 乙烯282. acetyl ating agent乙酰化剂283. acetic acid 乙酸284. adieth yl ether乙醚285. ethyl al cohol乙醇286. acetal dehtd e乙醛287. β-dicarb ontl compou nd β–二羰基化合物288. bimole cular elimin a tion双分子消除反应289. bimole cular nucleo phili c substi tutio n双分子亲核取代反应290. open chaincompou nd 开链族化合物291. molecul ar orbita l theory分子轨道理论292. chiral molecul e 手性分子293. tautom erism互变异构现象294. reacti on mechan i sm 反应历程295. chemic al shift化学位移296. Walden inversi o 瓦尔登反转n297. Enanti omorp h对映体298. additi on rea ction加成反应299. dextro- 右旋300. levo- 左旋301. stereo chemi s try立体化学302. stereo i somer立体异构体303. Lucas reagen t卢卡斯试剂304. covale nt bond 共价键305. conjug ateddiene共轭二烯烃306. conjug ateddouble bond 共轭双键307. conjug atedsystem共轭体系308. conjug atedeffect共轭效应309. isomer同分异构体310. isomeri sm 同分异构现象311. organi c chemis t ry 有机化学312. hybrid i zati on 杂化313. hybrid orbita l杂化轨道314. hetero cycli c compou nd 杂环化合物315. peroxi de effect过氧化物效应t316. valence bond theory价键理论317. sequen ce rule 次序规则318. electron-attractinggrou p 吸电子基319. Huckel rule 休克尔规则320. Hinsbe rg test 兴斯堡试验321. infrared spectrum 红外光谱322. Michael reacto n麦克尔反应323. haloge nated hydrocarbon卤代烃324. halofo rm reacti on 卤仿反应325. system ati cnomencl atur系统命名法e326. Newman projection纽曼投影式327. aromati c compou nd 芳香族化合物328. aromati c character 芳香性r329. Claise n conden satio n reacti on克莱森酯缩合反应330. Claise n rearra ngeme nt 克莱森重排331. Diels-Alder reatio n狄尔斯-阿尔得反应332. Clemmensenreducti on 克莱门森还原333. Canniz zaroreacti on 坎尼扎罗反应334. positi onali somer s 位置异构体335. unimol ecula r elimin ation reacti on 单分子消除反应336. unimol ecula r nucleo phili c substi tutio n单分子亲核取代反应337. benzen e 苯338. functi onal grou 官能团p339. config urati on 构型340. conformatio n构象341. confom ation al isome构象异构体342. electrophil i c additi on 亲电加成343. electrophil i c reagen t 亲电试剂344. nucleo phili c additi on 亲核加成345. nucleo phili c reagen t亲核试剂346. nucleo phili c substi t utio n reacti on亲核取代反应347. active interm ediat e 活性中间体348. Saytze ff rule 查依采夫规则349. cis-transi someri sm 顺反异构350. inducti ve effect诱导效应t351. Fehlin g’s reagen t 费林试剂352. phasetransfer cataly si s 相转移催化作用353. alipha ti c compou nd 脂肪族化合物354. elimin ation reacti on 消除反应355. Grigna rd reagen t格利雅试剂356. nuclea r magneti c resona nce 核磁共振357. alkene烯烃358. allyl cation烯丙基正离子359. leavin g group离去基团360. optical activi ty 旋光性361. boat confom ation船型构象362. silver mirror reacti on 银镜反应363. Fische r projection菲舍尔投影式364. Kekule struct ure 凯库勒结构式365. Friedel-Crafts reacti on 傅列德尔-克拉夫茨反应366. Ketone酮367. carbox ylicacid 羧酸368. carbox ylicacid deriva tive羧酸衍生物369. hydrob orati on 硼氢化反应370. bond oength键长371. bond energy键能372. bond angle键角373. carboh ydrat e 碳水化合物374. carbocation碳正离子375. carban i on 碳负离子376. alcohol醇377. Gofman n rule 霍夫曼规则378. Aldehyde 醛379. Ether醚380. Polyme r 聚合物。
中央文献主要词汇各国语言参考
中国梦[例] 实现中华民族伟大复兴，是近代以来中国人民最伟大的梦想，我们称之为“中国梦”，基本内涵是实现国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福。
[英文] Chinese DreamThe rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has been the greatest dream of the Chinese people since the beginning of modern times; we call this the Chinese Dream. The idea in essence is to make the country prosperous and strong, rejuvenate the nation, and see that the people are happy.[俄文] китайскаямечтаВеликоевозрождениекитайскойнации–величайшаямечтакитайскогонародасовременновойистории. Мыназываемее ?китайскоймечтой?. Этамечтавосновномосозданиипроцветающегоимогущественногогосударства, восуществлениинациональноговозрожденияидостижениинародногоблагоденствия.[法文] räve chinoisLe grand renouveau de la nation chinoise est le plus grand räve caressã par le peuple chinois depuis le dãbut de l’ãpoque moderne. Appelã ? räve chinois ?, celui-ci a pour essence l’accâs à la prospãritã et la rãalisation de la montãe en puissance de notre pays, le redressement de la nation et le bonheur du peuple.[日文] 中国の夢【例】中華民族の偉大な復興を実現することは、近代以来中国人民が抱いてきた最も偉大な夢であり、われわれはこれを「中国の夢」と呼んでいる。
中央文献重要术语译文发布(2015年第七期)
【中文-英文】 中文英文 苟日新，日日新，又日新If you can improve yourself in a day, do so each day, forever building on improvement. 千里之行，始于足下A journey of a thousand li begins with a single step. 政贵有恒Consistency is valuable in governance. 功崇惟志，业广惟勤Great accomplishments require ambition and tireless effort. 鞠躬尽瘁，死而后已I will work heart and soul for my country to the day I draw my last breath. 兄弟齐心，其利断金When brothers come together, there is nothing they cannot achieve. 君子一言，驷马难追A word spoken is a word that must be honored. 和而不同【例】中国自古就主张和而不同。
我们希望，国与国之间、不同文明之间能够平等交流、相互借鉴、共同进步，各国人民都能够共享世界经济科技发展的成果，各国人民的意愿能够得到尊重，各国能够齐心协力推动建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。
harmony in diversity China has, since ancient times, been an exponent of harmony in diversity. We hope that different countries and different civilizations will engage in exchange on an equal basis, learn from each other, and achieve common progress. We hope that the people of all countries will share in the fruits of global economic, scientific, and technological advances and that their aspirations are respected. We also hope that all countries will work together in building a harmonious worldwhere peace is lasting and prosperity is shared by all.得其大者可以兼其小【例】“得其大者可以兼其小。
常用政治术语的英文翻译
马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、江泽民"三个代表"重要思想Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought,Deng Xiao-ping Theory, Jiang Zemin "Three Represent's" important Thought新民主主义革命new-democratic revolution民族独立和人民解放national independence and the liberation of the people经济体制改革和政治体制改革reforms in the economic and political structure 社会主义制度socialist system社会变革social transformation建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领the basic theory, line and program of our Party in the primary stage of socialism改革开放政策the policies of reform and opening to the outside中国共产党十一届三中全会The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China马克思主义政党Marxist political Party党的第一（第二、第三）代中央领导集体the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the first (second\third)generation人民民主专政the people's democratic dictatorship国民经济体系national economic system综合国力aggregate national strength国内生产总值the annual gross domestic product(GDP)独立自主的和平外交政策an independent foreign policy of peace马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合the fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China加强和改进党的建设，不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力，永葆党的生机与活力strengthen and improve Party building, continuously enhance the creativity, rallying power and combat capability of the Party, and always maintain its vigor and vitality.“三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进文化的前进方向，代表中国最广大人民的根本利益，是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源，是我们党始终站在时代前列，保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。
中央文献重要术语译文发布（2015年第二期）
中央文献重要术语译文发布（2015年第二期）中央文献重要术语译文发布（2015年第二期）社会主义法治国家socialist rule of law country;socialist country built on the rule of law建设法治中国build a rule of law China依法治国law-based governance of the country依法执政law-based exercise of state power依法行政law-based administration of government依宪治国governance of the country on the basis of its constitution宪法日Constitution Day法律是治国之重器，良法是善治之前提The law is of great value in the governance of a country, and good laws are a prerequisit e forgood governance.法治体系rule of law system于法有据have a legal basis【例】重大改革于法有据All of our major reforms should have a legal basis.法治国家、法治政府、法治社会一体建设a holistic approach to strengthening the rule of law in the country, in its government, an d insociety有法可依，有法必依，执法必严，违法必究ensure that laws are put in place, observed, and strictly enforced and that anyone who vi olatesthe law is held to account 科学立法、严格执法、公正司法、全民守法take a well-conceived approach to law-making, and ensure that law is strictly enforced, j ustice isadministered impartially, and the law is observed by all职能科学、权责法定、执法严明、公开公正、廉洁高效、守法诚信的法治政府a rule of law government which has well-conceived functions and statutorily defined pow ers andresponsibilities; which strictly enforces the law and is impartial; and which operat es in an open,clean, and efficient way, with strong credibility执法责任制accountability system for law enforcement人民陪审员制度system of people’s assessors重大决策终身责任追究制度system of lifelong accountability for major decisions重大决策责任倒查机制mechanism for retroactive investigation into accountability for major decisions政府权力清单list of government powers依法治国和以德治国相结合combine the rule of law with the rule of virtue天下之事，不难于立法，而难于法之必行In the governance of a country, it is the enforcement, not the enactment, of law that pre sentsthe greatest challenge.法立，有犯而必施；令出，唯行而不返Once enacted, a law must be enforced and anyone who violates it must be held to accou nt.。
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中央文献重要术语译文发布
区域协同发展 coordinateddevelopmentbetweenregions 城乡发展一体化 urban-ruralintegration 物质文明和精神文明协调发展
ensurethatcultural-ethicalandmaterialdevelopmentprogresstogether
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