建筑行业英语词汇
建筑英语词汇
建筑业英语词汇A-frame A型骨架A-truss A型构架abrasion 磨耗；磨蚀abrasive cut-off machine 磨切机abrasive grinding machine 磨机(火石机) abrasive particle 磨粒absorption 吸收abutment 桥台；拱座abutting end 邻接端acceleration 加速acceleration lane 加速车道acceleration pedal 加速器踏板accelerator 催凝剂；加速器；催化剂acceptance criteria 接受准则access 通路；通道access door 检修门；通道门access lane 进出路径access panel 检修门access point 入口处；出入通道处access ramp 入口坡道；斜通道access road 通路；通道access shaft 竖井通道access spiral loop 螺旋式回旋通道access staircase 通道楼梯access step 上落踏板；出入踏板access tunnel 隧道通道accessible roof 可到达的屋顶；有通道的屋顶accessory 附件；配件accident 事故；意外accidental collapse 意外坍塌accommodate 装设；容纳accredited private laboratory 认可私营实验室accumulator 储压器；蓄电池accuracy limit 准确度极限acetylene cylinder 乙炔气(风煤)樽acid plant 酸洗设备；酸洗机acid pump 酸液泵acid tank 酸液缸acoustic couplant 声耦合剂acoustic coupler 声耦合器acoustic lining 隔音板acoustic screen 隔声屏acrylic paint 丙烯漆料acrylic sheet 丙烯胶片(阿加力胶片)active corrosion 活性腐蚀active earth pressure 主动土压力active oxidation 活性氧化actual plot ratio 实际地积比率actuator 促动器；唧筒；激发器adapt 改装adaptor 适配器；适配接头(万能苏)；转接器；接合器addition 增设；加建additional building works 增补建筑工程additional horizontal force 额外横向力additional plan 增补图则additional vent 加设通风口additive 添加剂adhesive 黏结剂；胶黏剂adhesive force 附力adit 入口；通路；坑道口adjacent construction 相邻建造物adjacent level 相邻水平adjacent site 相邻地盘adjacent street 相邻街道adjoining area 毗邻地区adjoining building 毗邻建筑物adjoining land 毗邻土地adjoining structure 毗邻构筑物adjustable 可调校adjuster 调节器adjustment 调校；调整admixture 掺合剂；外加剂advance directional sign 前置指路标志；方向预告标志advance earthworks 前期土方工程advance warning sign 前置警告标志advance works 前期工程aeration 灌气aeration tank 曝气池aerial 天线aerial rapid transit system 架空快速运输系统aerial ropeway 架空缆车系统aerial view 鸟瞰图aerofoil 翼型aerosol 悬浮微粒；喷雾affix 贴附aftercooler 后冷却器afterfilter 后过滤器agent 作用剂；代理人aggregate 骨料；集料；碎石aggregate area 总面积aggregate grading 骨料级配aggregate superficial area 表面总面积aggregate usable floor space 总实用楼面空间agitator 搅拌器；搅动机air bleeding 放气air blower 鼓风机air brake 气压制动器air circuit 空气回路air circuit breaker 空气断路器air cleaner 空气滤清器air compressor 空气压缩机air compressor governor 空气压缩机调压器air conditioning 空气调节air cooled chiller 风冷式冷冻机air cooler 空气冷却器air cooling system 空气冷却系统；风冷系统air coupling valve 空气联接阀air curtain fan 风帘风扇air cylinder 气缸；气筒air damper 风闸；气流调节器air distribution system 配气系统air distributor 空气分配器air dryer 空气干燥器air duct 通风管道；气槽air entrained cement 加气水泥；伴水泥air entraining agent 加气剂air exhaust 排气口air filter 空气滤器；风隔；隔尘网air filter chamber 空气过滤室air flowmeter 风量计；空气流量计air gap 气隙air grill 空气格栅air inlet 进风口；进气孔air inlet louver 进气百叶air inlet port 进气口air intake 进风口；进气孔；入气口air intake duct 进风槽air intake filter 进气过滤器air isolating cock 空气隔断旋塞air line breathing apparatus 气喉型呼吸器具air line strainer 进气管道隔滤器air outlet 出风口air outlet grille 空气出口栅格air particle 空气粒子air passage 风道air pipe/pipework 通气管；送气管air piston 空气活塞air pressure gauge 气压表air pressure switch 气压掣air pressurization system 空气加压系统air receiver 空气储存器air reservoir 储气缸air restrictor 空气节流器air shuttle valve 阻气阀air sprayer 喷涂器air spring 空气弹簧air strainer 空气隔滤器；空气滤网air supply outlet 供气出口air supply valve 供气阀air tank 空气箱air valve 进出气阀；放气阀air valve pit 进出气阀井；放气阀井air vent cock 通风管旋塞air ventilator 空气通风器air-operated damper 气动风闸airshaft 通风竖井airtight cover 气密盖airy dry varnish 风干清漆alarm 警报；警报器alarm bell 警钟alarm buzzer 警报器alga 水藻align 对准；调直；定线alignment (road) 路线；线向(特指道路中线的位置与方向) alignment plan (road) 路线平面图alkali-silica reaction 碱矽反应alkaline aggregate reaction 碱性集料反应alkaline pump 碱液泵alkaline tank 碱液缸alkalinity 碱度all-purpose road 混合车道；综合车道alley 巷allowable load 容许载重；容许荷载allowable stress 容许应力alloy 合金alloy steel bar 合金钢筋条alluvial deposit 冲积土层；冲积物alteration 更改；改建；改动alternating current (a.c.) 交流电alternative design 替代设计alternative route 替代路线alternator 交流发电机aluminium tape 铝带amber flashing light 黄色闪灯ambient pressure 周围压力ambient temperature 环境温度；周围温度amendment 修订amenities 市容建筑；设施；康乐设施amenity area 美化市容地带amenity railing 美观栏杆ammeter 电流表；安培计ampere (A) 安培(电流量单位) amplification 放大；增强amplitude 幅；振幅anchor 锚；锚竿支撑anchor bearing 锚承；锚座anchor bolt 锚栓anchor plate 锚碇板anchorage 锚碇；碇泊区；抛锚区；锚固anchorage length 锚固长度anchoring strength 锚固强度ancillary building 附属建筑物ancillary facilities 附属设施ancillary installation 附带装置ancillary works 附属工程angle cutter 角铁切割机angle iron bracket 角铁支架；角铁托架angle probe 斜探头angular velocity 角速度annunciation lamp 警示灯annunciator 传播器；呼唤器anode 阳极anode voltage 阳极电压antenna 天线anti-corrosion paint 防蚀漆anti-creep device 防溜装置anti-lift roller 防升滚轮anti-oxidizing paint 抗氧化漆anti-rust paint 防锈漆anti-skid chequer 防滑格纹anti-skid device 防滑装置anti-skid dressing 防滑钢沙anti-skid material 防滑物料anti-slip 防滑动；防空转；防打滑anti-static chain 抗静电链anti-static tyre 抗静电轮胎anti-stripping agent 防剥剂anti-syphonage pipe 反虹吸管anti-tip roller 防倾侧滚轮anti-vibration mounting 防震装置anti-vibration pad 防震垫anvil 铁砧aperture 隙缝；孔口apex 顶尖apparatus 仪器；装置；器具；器材appliance 用具；装置；设备applied covering 外加覆盖物applied load 外施荷载approach 进路；引道；接驳道路；引桥approach channel 进港航道；引渠approach ramp 引道坡approach road 引道；进路approach speed 来车速度approach taper 楔形引道路段approach viaduct 高架引道approved material 经批准的物料approved plan 经批准的图则appurtenance 附属物apron 跳板；护板；停机坪arc 电弧arc contact 电弧触点arc runner 电弧滚环arc welding 电弧焊接arch 拱；弓形；拱门architect 建筑师；则师architectural decoration 建筑装饰architectural projection 建筑上的伸出物area traffic control system 区域交通控制系统argon arc welding 氩气焊armature 电枢arrangement 排列；布置arresting assembly 止动装置arterial highway 干线道路arterial traffic 干线交通article of agreement 合约细则artificial lighting 人工照明as-built drawing 竣工图则as-constructed drawing 竣工图则asbestos abatement works 石棉拆除工程asbestos cement 石棉水泥asbestos gasket 石棉垫片ash pit 排渣槽；灰坑asphalt 沥青asphalt distributor 沥青喷洒机asphalt paver 沥青摊铺机asphalt roofing 沥青屋面asphaltic coating 沥青涂层asphaltic concrete 沥青混凝土aspirator 吸气器assemblage 组合物assembly 装置；组合assessment 评估associated works 相关工程；相关设施at-grade pedestrian crossing 地面行人过路处at-grade signal controlled junction 交通灯控制地面路口atmospheric distillation 常压蒸馏atmospheric pressure 大气压力；常压atmospheric temperature 常温atomization air fan 雾化空气风扇attachment 附件；附属物attenuation 衰减audible signal 音响讯号audible warning 音响警号authorities 权限authority 主管当局authorized officer 获授权人员authorized person 获授权人；认可人士；核准人士authorized works 获授权进行的工程；批准进行的工程automatic (spark) ignition device 自动(火花)点火装置automatic control switch 自动控制开关automatic operation 自动操作automatic release 自动脱扣automatic voltage regulator 自动调压器automatic weather station 自动气象站automation equipment 自动化设备auxiliary control panel 辅助掣板auxiliary equipment 辅助设备auxiliary feedwater pump 辅助给水泵auxiliary feedwater tank 辅助给水箱auxiliary plant 辅助厂房auxiliary system 辅助系统auxiliary water pump 辅助水泵average compressive stress 平均压应力average strength 平均强度axial fan 轴流式风扇axial force 轴向力axial load 轴向载重；轴向荷载axial stress 轴向应力axle bearing 车轴轴承(车轴啤令) back-fire 逆火back-up area 后勤地区；辅助埸地backfill 回填；回填土backfill material 回填物料background noise 本底噪声；背景噪声backing plate 垫板；背板baffle 隔板；挡板baffle plate 遮挡板baffle wall 遮挡墙balance tank 调节池；均衡槽balance weight 平衡锤balanced load 平衡载重balancer 平冲器balancing pipeline 平衡水管balcony 露台ball bearing 滚珠轴承ball valve 浮球阀；球形阀；波阀ball-and-socket joint 球窝接头ballast 道碴bamboo scaffolding 竹枝棚架band brake 带式制动器band clamp 带夹banshee alarm 尖啸警报bar 铁枝；杆；巴(压力量单位)bar tendon 钢筋barging area 驳运地点barrack 营房barrel 管筒；芯管barrette 方形桩barricade 路障；障碍物barrier 栏栅；护栏；障碍物；屏障barrier block 路障barrier gate 路闸barrier plate 阻挡板base 基座base course 路面下层；承重层；路基层base frame 基架base insulator 基架绝缘器base plate 底板；垫板base sealing 底部密封胶base slab 平底板base support 底座支架baseline 基线；底线；基准线baseline programme 基线计划basement 地库；地窖；地下室batching plant 混凝土混和机；配料厂batter pile 斜桩battery 蓄电池battery acid level 电池酸位battery cell volt 蓄电池电压battery charger 电池充电器battery electric locomotive 电力机车battery electrolyte 电池电解液battery-powered device 电池推动装置beacon 闪光指示灯bead 焊珠beam 横梁bearing 支座；支承；承座；轴承(啤令)；方向角bearing capacity 承载力bearing force 承重能力；承载能力bearing pad 支承垫片；承重垫片bearing pile 支承桩bearing pin 支承栓钉bearing plate 支承垫板bearing stress 支承应力bearing surface 支承面bedding 底层；层理bedplate 座板bedrock 基层岩behaviour 性能；状况Belisha beacon 斑马线灯；黄波灯bellow pot 气囊；气囊筒belt 带；皮带belt conveyor 带式输送机belt guard 皮带护罩belt tension 皮带拉力bend 弯角；弯位；路弯；弯管bending force 弯曲力bending stress 弯曲应力Benkelman beam test 贝克曼梁试验bentonite 膨润土；膨土岩berm channel 斜水平台渠berth 停泊处；碇泊位bevel 斜角；斜面bias 偏移bill of quantities 工料清单binder 黏合料bit 钻头bitumen 沥青bitumen coating 沥青外搪层；沥青外衬bitumen felt 沥青纸bitumen lining 沥青内搪层；沥青衬里bituminous concrete 沥青混凝土bituminous macadam 沥青碎石bituminous waterproof membrane 沥青防水膜blade 剪刀；叶片blank flange 盲板法兰；盲板凸缘；管口盖板blanking plate 封板blast-furnace 鼓风炉blast-furnace slag cement 炉渣水泥blasting 爆石；爆破bleed nipple 放气嘴；减压嘴bleed off pipe 溢流管bleed screw 放气螺钉；减压螺钉bleeding 泌浆(混凝土)；泌水性(混凝土) blended cement 混合水泥blending control 混合控制blinding 补路石砂；(填充表面孔隙的细石) block plan 楼宇平面图blow down 放水；放气blow down valve 放泄阀；排水阀blower 吹风机；鼓风机bobbin 绕线管bogie 转向架boiler room 锅炉房boiling point 沸点bollard 护柱；系船柱bollard light 安全岛指示灯bollard plinth 护柱柱基；护柱基座bolster 承枕；横撑bolt 螺栓bond 黏结；黏合；契约bond coat 黏合层bond strength 黏合强度bond stress 黏合应力boom 吊杆booster pump 增压泵booster pumping station 增压抽水站booster transformer 增压变压器booster water pump 增压水泵；增压抽水机borated water storage tank 含硼水贮存箱border link 边境连接道路border terminus 过境终站bore 钻孔；内孔bored pile 螺旋钻孔桩bored tunnel 钻挖的隧道borehole log 钻孔纪录boric acid 硼酸boring 钻探；冲孔boring machine 钻探机；镗床borrow area 采泥区；采料区bottleneck 樽颈；狭窄段bottom heave 底部隆bottom layer 底层bottom plate 底板boulder 巨砾boundary 分界线；界线box culvert 盒形排水渠；盒形暗渠；箱形暗渠；方形去水渠box girder 箱形大梁brace 撑杆；支撑braced structure 受横向支撑的结构bracing 支撑bracing structure 支撑结构bracket 托架；支架braid 编织电缆brake 制动器brake horse power 制动马力brake lining 制动器摩擦衬片brake pedal 刹车踏脚板brake system 制动系统brake test 制动器试验brake tester 制动系统测试器braking distance 制动距离；刹车距离branch circuit 分支电路branch pipe/pipework 支管；分支喉管brass gate valve 黄铜闸阀brass wire brush 铜丝刷break pressure tank 减压配水缸箱；水压调节池breaker 轧碎机；碎石机；隔断器；开关闸；断路器；保险掣breaking strength 抗断强度breakthrough 击穿breakwater 防波堤breather 通气孔；呼吸器breather valve 通气阀breathing apparatus 呼吸器具brick 砖brick works 砌砖工程brickwork 砖块bridge 桥梁bridge abutment 桥台bridge crane 桥式吊机bridge deck 桥面板；桥板；桥面bridge girder 桥大梁bridge pier 桥墩bridgeworks 桥梁工程bubble accumulator 气泡贮存器bucket conveyor 斗式输送机buckling 压曲；压弯buckling load 压曲临界荷载buffer 缓冲；缓冲器；减震器buffer area 缓冲地区build, operate and transfer (BOT) franchise 「建造、营运及移交」专营权builder's lift 施工用升降机building 楼宇；建筑物；大厦building area 建筑面积building condition 楼宇状况building construction 建筑物建造；建筑营造building design 建筑物设计；建筑设计building envelope 建筑物外壳building frontage 屋宇前面building land 屋地；屋宇建筑用地building material 建筑物料building plan 建筑图则building services 屋宇设备；屋宇装building site 屋宇建筑地盘；工地building works 屋宇建筑工程；楼宇建筑工程bulk excavation works 大型挖掘工程bulldozer 推土机；铲泥车bump (road) 限速路面突块bumper 缓冲器；防撞器；防撞杠bunch 捆扎bund ；田基；堤bund wall 墙bunded area 堤保护区buoyant force 浮力burglar alarm system 防盗警钟系统buried concrete 埋入地下的混凝土burner 燃烧器；炉头bursting 爆裂bus interchange 巴士转车处bus stop shelter 巴士站上盖bus terminus 巴士总站bus-bar 导电条；母线(巴士巴) bus-coupler 母线联接bush 轴衬(杯士)butt fusion welding 对头熔接butt welding 对焊butterfly cock 蝶形旋阀butterfly gate 蝶形闸butterfly valve 蝶形阀buttress 支墩buzzer 蜂音器；蜂鸣器by-pass 绕道；支路；支管；旁通管by-pass valve 旁通阀cab 小室；驾驶室cabinet 小室；贮存柜cable 电缆cable channel 电缆沟；电缆槽cable conduit 电缆管cable coupler 电缆耦合器cable draw pit 电缆沙井；铺缆井cable duct 电缆管道cable gland 电缆密封套cable joint 电缆接头cable laying wagon 电缆敷设车cable lead 电缆引线cable route 电缆路线cable supported viaduct 悬索高架桥cable suspension bridge 钢索吊桥cable trench 电缆槽cable trough 电缆坑cable trunk 电缆干线cable tunnel 电缆隧道cable-stayed bridge 斜拉桥cage 机厢caisson 沉箱caisson cap 沉箱盖caisson foundation 沉箱地基；沉箱基础caisson pier 沉箱墩caisson pile 沉箱桩caisson retaining wall 沉箱挡土墙caisson wall 沉箱墙calibration 校准caliper measure 测径calorie (cal) 卡路里(热量单位) calorific value 热值calorifier 加热器cam 突轮camber 拱度candela (cd) 烛光(发光强度单位) canister respirator 罐型防毒面具canopy 檐篷cantilever 悬臂cantilever beam 悬臂梁cantilever bridge 悬臂桥cantilever crane 悬臂吊机cantilever footing 悬臂基脚cantilever foundation 悬臂地基cantilever support 悬臂支架canvas 帆布canvas belt 帆布带cap 帽；盖capacitance meter 电容表capacitor 电容器capacity 容量；载客量capacity control valve 容量控制阀capital works 基本建设工程；基建工程；carbon brush 碳刷carbon pile 碳柱carbon ring 碳环carbon steel 含碳钢carbon strip 碳条carbonation 碳化carbonation depth 碳化深度carbonation process 碳化过程carborundum 金刚砂carburettor 化油器；气化器cargo handling area 货物装卸区carriageway 行车道carriageway marking 行车道标记carrying capacity 运载量；载重量；承载能力cartridge 子弹；弹药筒cartridge operated tool 弹药推动的工具cartridge type respirator 滤罐型呼吸器；筒型防毒面具（猪咀）casing 套管cast iron 铸铁；生铁cast iron conductor 铸铁导管cast iron pipe 铸铁管(生铁管)cast-in anchorage 浇注锚固cast-in-place 灌注；现场浇筑cast-in-situ concrete unit 现场浇筑混凝土构件casting basin 预制件工场casualty team 伤亡急救队cat ladder 便梯；爬梯catalytic action 催化作用catch 挡片；制止器；扣掣；门扣catch fan 扇形防护网架catch fence 拦截围墙catch platform 坠台catchment area 集水区；引集范围catchpit 排水井；集水坑；截流井catchwater channel 集水槽catenary wire 吊索cathode 阴极cathode ray tube 阴极射线管cathodic protection 阴极保护catwalk 跳板；轻便梯；轻便栈桥caulk 堵缝caulking material 填隙料causeway 堤道caution sign 警告标志cavern 洞穴cavity 中空部分；穴cavity wall 空心墙ceiling 天花板ceiling slab 天花板ceiling suspension hook 天花吊cell 电池cellular office 分格式办公室cement 水泥cement content 水泥含量cement mortar 水泥沙浆cement plaster 水泥灰泥cement rendering 水泥荡面cement sand mix 水泥沙浆cementitious content 水泥质成分centi (c) 厘(百分之一)central divider 中央分隔栏central dividing strip 中央分隔带central line 中线central median 中央分隔带central power-driven machine 中央动力机械central profile barrier 中央纵向护栏central reserve 中央预留带central span 中跨距centre lane 中行车线centre line 中心线centre line of street 街道中心线centrifugal filter 离心过滤器centrifugal force 离心力centrifugal load 离心荷载centrifugal pump 离心泵centripetal force 向心力ceramic tile 瓷砖certificate 证明书certificate of inspection 检查证明书certificate of registration 注册证明书；登记证明书certification 核证certified copy 经核证文本certify 核证cesspool 污水池chain 链chain block 滑车吊链；链动滑轮(尖箔落) chainage 丈量长度；里程距离chainlink fence 扣环围栏；铁网围栏chamber 小室；间隔chamfer 去角(斜角)位；斜削change-over switch 转换开关change-over valve 转换阀channel 沟渠；线糟；槽；渠道；频道channel cover 槽盖channelization (traffic) (交通)导流channelizing island 导行岛channelizing line 导行线characteristic strength 特征强度chart datum 海图基准面chart recorder 图表记录器chasis 车身底盘check 查核check block 挡块check joint 止回接头check mechanism 制动装置check plate 垫板；挡板check rail 护轮轨check screw 止动螺钉check valve 止回流阀chemical action 化学作用chemical dosing 化学剂量chemical grout 化学灌浆chemical property 化学特性chemical refuse 化学垃圾chemical test 化学测试chemicals 化学品chequered plate 网纹板chill plate 冷却板chilled air fan 冷风风扇chilled water pump 冷冻水泵chiller 冷冻机chiller plant 致冷设备；制冷设备chimney 烟沟；烟chimney coping 烟囱盖顶chimney stack 烟囱chippings 碎屑；破片chisel 凿chloride 氯化物chloride content 氯化物含量chloride diffusion 氯化物扩散chloride extraction 除氯chloride ion 氯离子chloride ion content 氯离子含量chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (PVC-C) 氯化聚氯乙烯chlorinated water 加有氯气的水chlorinator 加氯器chopper 斩波器chunam 灰泥土批荡chute 溜槽；滑道chute 槽管circuit 电路；环道circuit breaker 断路保险掣circular footing 圆基脚circular road 环回道路circulating water pump 循环水泵circulation mode 循环模式circumferential road 环回道路civil works 土木工程cladding 骨架外墙；覆盖层claim 声称；申索；索偿clamp 夹钳claplock cable clamp 拍扣式电缆线夹clay 黏土clay field pipe 瓦管cleaning eye 清理孔cleaning rod 清理棒cleansing 洁净clear effective length 净有效长度clear height 净高clear opening 净开口clear space 净空间clear span 净跨距clear width 净阔度clearance 相距空间；清折行动clearance gauge 测隙规clearance space 间隙空间cleat 夹具clevis U形夹client 委托人climb form technique 提升模板技术climbing lane 爬坡车道clip 小夹close fitting cover 紧合封盖close fittings 紧合配件close-boarded platform 密合封板平台closed area 禁区closed circuit television (CCTV) 闭路电视closed end 不能通行的一端closed position 闭合的位置closure 封闭cloverleaf interchange 四叶式交汇处；蝶式交汇处clutch 离合器co-ordinator 统筹人coal-tar epoxy 环氧煤焦油coarse aggregate 粗集料；粗骨料coarse screening 粗筛coating 保护层；涂层coating material 涂盖物质cock 旋塞；旋阀code of practice 工作守则；操作守则code reader 读码器coefficient 系数coefficient of expansion 膨胀系数coefficient of linear expansion 线性膨胀系数cofferdam 围堰坝cohesive force 黏合力；凝聚力coil 线圈；簧圈；盘管cold milling 刨去路面旧沥青cold reduced steel wire 冷轧钢丝cold solvent welding 冷冻溶剂焊接cold storage 冷藏库collapse 坍塌collapsible cantilever platform 可摺悬臂平台collapsible gate 摺闸collar 护圈；束套；套环collet 套爪；筒夹colluvial deposit 崩积土层colour code 色码colour light signal 颜色灯号coloured cement 颜色水泥column 柱column cap 柱帽column footing 柱基脚column frame 柱架column head 柱头combined dead load 组合恒载combined effect 混合效应combined footing 联合基脚combined load 合并载重combustible goods 可燃物品combustible material 可燃烧物料combustion 燃烧combustion chamber 燃烧室commencement of operation 开始操作commercial building 商业建筑物commercial complex 商场commercial land 商业用地commercial use 商业用途commissioning 启用；投产；投入服务；开始使用；开始运作commitment 承担common corridor 公用走廊common part 公用部分common use 共同使用common waste pipe 共用废水管communal facilities 公用设施communication channel/link 通讯渠道communication system 通讯系统commutator 整流器commuter 交通工具的经常乘客compacted concrete 压实混凝土compaction 压实；夯实compaction pile 压实桩compaction test 压实测试compartment 分隔室；隔室compartment wall 分隔墙compatibility 相配；相容compensating valve 补偿阀compensation 补偿；补偿金competent person 合资格人士；有资格人士complement 补充设备complete function test 全面功能试验complete fusion 完全熔接complete overhaul 全面大修completed works 已完成的工程compliance 遵从composite beam 组合梁composite building 综合用途建筑物composite pile 混合桩composite sandwich construction 复合夹层结构composite steel plate 复合钢板composite wall 组合墙composition 成分compound 场地；合成物comprehensive details 全面细节；整体细节comprehensive development area 综合发展区comprehensive redevelopment area 综合重建区comprehensive transport interchange facilities 综合交通交汇设施comprehensive transport study 整体运输研究compressed air 压缩空气compressed air tunnelling method 压缩空气开挖隧道法compressed gas 压缩气体compressing tool 压挤工具compression 压缩compression joint 承压接缝compression load 压缩荷载compression reinforcement 受压钢筋compression test 抗压测试compressive failure 压缩塌毁；压缩毁坏compressive strength 抗压强度compressive stress 抗压应力compressor 压缩机computer aided design (CAD) facilities 电脑辅助设计设施computer graphics 电脑绘图computerized automatic concrete cube crushing machine 电脑化混凝土立方块压力试验机concave 凹形concealed piping 隐藏喉管concentrated load 集中载重；集中荷载concept plan 概念图则conceptual layout 概念规划concrete 混凝土；三合土；石屎concrete barrier 混凝土防撞栏concrete block 混凝土趸concrete block seawall 混凝土海堤concrete buffer 混凝土缓冲concrete core 混凝土芯concrete cover 混凝土保护层concrete cube 混凝土立方块concrete cube test 混凝土立方体试验concrete durability 混凝土耐用程度concrete foundation 混凝土基础concrete grade 混凝土等级concrete lining 混凝土搪层；混凝土衬里concrete mix 混凝土混合物；混凝土拌合料concrete mixer 混凝土混合机；混凝土搅拌机concrete mixing plant 混凝土拌合厂concrete paving block 混凝土铺路砖concrete pile 混凝土桩concrete pipe 混凝土管concrete plinth 混凝土基脚concrete pour works 混凝土浇灌工程concrete profile barrier 混凝土纵向护栏concrete re-alkalization 混凝土再碱性化concrete sample 混凝土样本concrete slab 混凝土板concrete sleeper 混凝土轨枕concrete spalling 混凝土剥落concrete strength 混凝土强度concrete stress 混凝土应力concrete structure 混凝土结构；混凝土建造物concrete technology 混凝土科技；混凝土工艺concrete test 混凝土测试concrete vibrator 混凝土震捣器concrete wall 混凝土墙concreting 灌注混凝土condensation 冷凝condenser 冷凝器；电容器condition 条件；状况conductance 导率conduction 传导conductive part 导电部分conductivity 导电性conductor 导体；导线conduit 管道；导管cone 锥形筒configuration 构形confined space 密封空间confining stress 局限应力confirmatory test 验证测试connection 接驳；连接connection 接驳处connector 接驳器；连接器consecutive test result 连续测试结果consent 同意conservation of energy 节约能源conservatory 温室consideration 代价console 控制台consolidate 加固consolidating stratum 固结地层consolidation 沉积；固结consolidation coefficient 固结系数consolidation test 固结试验conspicuous place 显眼地方conspicuous position 显眼位置construction 建造；建筑结构；构造construction cost 建筑成本；建筑价格；建筑费用；造价construction joint 施工接缝；施工缝construction plant 施工设备construction road 施工用道路construction sequence 施工程序；施工步骤construction site vehicle 建筑地盘车辆construction stage 施工阶段construction works 建造工程consultant 顾问consultant fee 顾问费consultation 谘询consumer 用户container 贮存器；货柜containment 防漏contaminate 污染contamination monitoring system 污染监测系统contingency plan 应急计划；应变计划contingency sum 额外预算费continuity 连续性continuity test 连续性测试continuous barrier 连续护栏continuous beam 连续梁continuous covered elevated walkway system 直通有盖高架行人路系统continuous footing 连续基脚；条型基础continuous load 连续荷载contour walk 依地势建筑的小径contra-flow 反方向行车contract 合约；合同contract deion 合约说明contract document 合约文件contract drawing 合约图则contract payment 合约支付款项contract period 合约期contract sum 合约金额contraction coefficient 收缩系数contraction crack 收缩裂缝contraction joint 收缩接缝contractor 承建商；建筑商contractor shed 承建商屋棚contractor yard 承建商工地contractual claim 按合约索偿contractual obligation 合约订明的责任contravention 违反contribution 分担费用control 管制control cable 操纵缆control console 操纵台；控制台control gear 控制器control kiosk 控制站control panel 控制电箱；控制盘control switch 控制电掣control valve 控掣阀controlled area 管制区conversion factor 换算系数converter 变流器convex 凸形convey 输送conveyor 输送机；输送器coolant 冷却剂cooling agent 冷却剂cooling coil 冷却盘管cooling fan 冷却风扇cooling fan blade 散热扇片cooling fin 散热片；冷却片cooling rib 冷却肋片cooling system 冷却系统cooling tank 冷却池cooling tower 冷却水塔cooling water pump 冷却水泵coping 盖顶coping stone 墩台石；盖顶石copper tube 铜管copperclad aluminium conductor 包铜铝导体copy 文本；副本corbel 托臂cord (electricity) 软(电)线cordon lantern 作界线用的路灯core 土芯；芯样core data bank 土芯样本资料库core diameter 土芯直径；芯样直径core drilling 钻取土芯；取芯钻探core sample 土芯样本core testing 芯样测试coring 钻取样本；钻探抽样corner 角位corner site 街角地盘cornice 飞檐correction factor 修正系数corrective maintenance 更正维修；故障维修corridor 走廊corrosion 腐蚀；侵蚀corrosion inhibiting grease 抗蚀油脂corrosion resistance 耐蚀性corrosion-resistant material 防蚀物料corrosive air 腐蚀性空气corrosive fume 腐蚀性烟气corrosive salt 腐蚀性盐corrosive substance 腐蚀性物质corrugated barrier fence rail 波浪式护栏横档corrugation grinding machine 波纹研磨机cotton rag 碎棉布counterbalance valve 平衡阀counterweight 平衡锤couplant 耦合剂coupler 联接器coupling 接头coupling flange 联结法兰coupling joint 联轴接头cover 盖板；外盖；遮盖；封盖；保护层cover tile 盖瓦covered area 上盖面积；有盖地方；室内面积covered channel 有盖排水槽；暗槽covered drain 暗置排水渠；暗渠covered footbridge 有盖行人天桥covered nullah 暗置大沟渠covered pedestrian walkway 有盖行人路covered sewer 暗置污水渠covered walkway 有盖人行道covermeter 钢筋深度表；面层测厚仪coverway 廊道crack 裂缝crane 吊机；起重机crank 曲柄crank pin bearing 曲柄销承crank shaft 曲柄转轴crash barrier 防撞栏；护栏crash gate 消防车专用栏creep 徐变；蠕变creeping motion 蠕动creeping speed 蠕行速度creosote 木材防腐油crib wall 叠墙；框格式墙critical element 关键构件；临界构件critical load 临界荷载cross grain 横纹cross head 十字头；丁字头cross road 十字路口；交路口cross section 横截面cross sectional area 横截面积cross tie 横木crossfall 横斜度crossing 交叉；十字路口crowbar 铁笔crowd loading 群众荷载crown 路拱；拱顶crucible 坩埚crude petroleum 原油crushed stone 碎石crusher 碎石机crushing strength 压碎强度crystal oscillator 晶体振荡器cubic metre (m3) 立方米(体积单位) cubicle 房；小间cul-de-sac 尽头路；死巷culvert 暗渠；下水道culvert bridge 桥式暗渠curb 路缘石；石curb line 路边线；路缘线curing 养护curing agent/compound 养护剂curing condition 养护环境curing time 养护期current (electricity) 电流current demand 电流需求量current intensity 电流强度current limiter 限流器current limiting reactor 限流电抗器current monitoring device 电流监察器current reducing resistor 减流电阻器current regulator 电流调节器；稳流器current relay 电流继电器current suppressing resistor 抑流电阻器current transformer 电流变压器current-carrying capacity 载流量current-carrying conductor 载流导体curtain wall 幕墙curtain wall supports 幕墙承托物cushion 缓冲；软垫cushioning material 垫承物料cushioning spring 缓冲弹簧cut 切割cut and cover method 锄坑回填法；明挖回填法cut and cover tunnel 挖填方式兴建的隧道cut and fill design 挖填设计cut and fill slope 半填半挖式斜坡cut slope 削土斜坡cutter 切割器cycle track 单车径cyclic loading 循环荷载；周期性负荷；周期荷载cylinder 气筒；液压缸；气缸cylinder crushing strength 圆柱体抗压强度dado 墙裙；护壁dam 坝damage 损毁；损害damp proofing 防潮damper 气闸；气流调节器；减震器；防火闸dangerous building 危险建筑物dangerous goods store 危险品仓库data transmission 数据输送datum 基准面datum mark 基准记号dead end 尽头处dead load 静荷载；恒荷载；恒载量debris 瓦砾；碎屑；泥石decarbonizing 脱碳deceleration lane 减速车道deci (d) 分(十分之一)decibel (dB) 分贝(声音强度单位)deck 桥面；层面；露天平台decked nullah 铺面渠declination 倾斜decoder 解码器decommissioning 解除运作；停止运作；关闭decompression chamber 减压室decorations 装饰；装修decorative finish 饰面decorative lighting 装饰照明deep bore well pump 深钻井泵deep compaction 深层压实deep foundation 深层地基；深基础deep groove 深槽deep trench excavation 深沟挖掘deep vibration compaction 深层震荡式压实deep well water pump 深井水泵deface 污损default 过失defect 毛病；欠妥之处defective 欠妥defective building 欠妥的建筑物deflection 挠度；偏差度；偏斜；弯沉；偏转；变位deflection coefficient 挠度系数deformation 变形deformation characteristic 变形特征defrost 溶雪；解冻degassing 除气；放气degradation 退化；退降degrease solvent 去脂溶剂degree 程度；度数degree Celsius 摄氏度(温度单位)degree Fahrenheit 华氏度(温度单位) dehumidifier 抽湿机dehydrating cartridge 干燥剂筒dehydration 脱水dehydrator 干燥机；脱水器dehydrogenation tank 脱氢缸delamination 层状剥落delay 阻延deleterious substance 有害杂质deluge valve 涌流阀demand note 缴款通知单demolition 清拆；拆卸demolition works 拆卸工程demonstrate 证明density 密度deposit 淤积物；沉积物；按金；定金；保证金depot 车厂；仓库；车站depressed road 低于地面的道路depth gauge 深度规；深度计derrick crane 吊臂起重机derust 除锈descale 清除氧化皮deion 说明design 设计design and build contract 设计及营造合约design assumption 设计假定design calculation 设计计算资料。
建筑学专业英文词汇
建筑专业英文词汇Construction 1建筑面积Building land 2建筑用地Volume ratio 3容积率绿地率4Green rateOutdoor perspective renderings 室外透视效果图5Interior perspective renderings 室内透视效果图6Layer plan 一层平面7Second floor flat 二层平面8Section 剖面9Is north 10正北面Is south 正南面11Is east 正东面12General Plan 13总平面图Composition analysis 构图分析14 ：Design15设计理念Design Notes: 设计说明16Drawing 图纸17 (车行岗亭18.主入口大门/&) MAIN ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN ) 人行(车行19.次入口/岗亭&人行) 2ND ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN ) ENTRANCE TO SHOPPING CTR. 20.商业中心入口水景21.WATER FEATUREMINI AMPHI-THEATRE 22.小型露天剧场-1 WELCOMING FEATURE-1 迎宾景观23.TIMBER DECK (VIEWING) 观景木台24.BAMBOO GARDEN 竹园25.WALKWAY PLAZA 26.漫步广场OUT DOOR CAFE27.露天咖啡廊-2 GRAND WELCOMING FEATURE-2 28.巨大迎宾水景TIMBER BRIDGE29.木桥ROCK'SCAPE WATERFALL'S GROTTO/ VIEWING 石景、水瀑、洞穴、观景台30.TERRACEHANGING BRIDGE31.吊桥) LOUNGING TERRACE (LOWER ) 低处休憩台地(32.) LOUNGING TERRACE (UPPER ) 高处休憩台地(33.FEATURE STEPPING STONE 34.特色踏步RIVER WILD野趣小溪35.CHILDREN'S PLAYGROUND 儿童乐园36.SLIDE旱冰道37BADMINTON COURT 羽毛球场38.DRY LANDSCAPE39.旱景木头和金属栅栏40wood and metal fences审美方面的考虑41aesthetic considerations气候带42climate zones收集起来的雨水43collected rainwater44cold 寒带45ecological impact 生态影响外来植物物种46exotic plant species花园游泳池47garden pool景观规划48landscape planning49natural resources 自然资源整体路面，整体铺装50monolithic pavement丛生植物51package plants草本的植物52plants, herbaceous53private garden 私家花园54regional commercial 地区性商业55recycled water 循环水district planning analyse drawing 56区域规划分析图；overall plan 57总平面图；general layout ;site plan ;siteplantraffic organization analyse drawing 交通组织分析图；58architechtural plan建筑平面图；59architechtural elevation drawing 建筑立面图；60architechtural section drawing建筑剖面图：61architechrural interior flown line analyse drawing 建筑内部流线分析图；62aerial view鸟瞰图63streamline chart circulation drawing ；65流线图: rendering66透视图outlooking and key functional districts scenograph 外观及主要功能区的透视图67the scenograph of vertical plane 正立面透视图68目录设计依据a. DESIGN BASIS设计阶段b. DESIGN STAGE气象条件c. CLIMATE CONDITION常用房间名称d. GENERAL ROOM NAME屋面及天棚e. ROOFING & CEILING) 外墙板墙体(f. WALL(CLADDING)地面及地沟g. FLOOR & TRENCH门、玻璃、窗及五WINDOWS & IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)GLASS、h. DOORS 、金件LANDING & LIFT(ELEVATOR)楼梯、休息平台及电梯I. STAIRCASE、j. BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRASES 建筑材料词汇及短语Bricks and Tiles 砖和瓦】【灰、砂和石】【Lime, Sand and Stone水泥、砂浆和混凝土】【Cement, Mortar and Concrete饰面及粉刷材料】【Facing And Plastering Materials沥青和石棉】【Asphalt (Bitumen) and AsbestosTimber 木材】【Metallic Materials 金属材料】【有色金属】【Non-Ferrous Metal防腐蚀材料】【Anti-Corrosion MaterialsBuilding Hardware 建筑五金】【油漆】【Paint其它建筑术语k. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERMS专业】【DisciplineConventional Terms 一般通用名词】【Architectural Physics 建筑物理】【Name Of Professional role 职务名称】【Drafting 制图】【设计依据a. DESIGN BASISplanning proposals 计划建议书design order 设计任务书standards and codes 标准规范information drawing 条件图basic data for design 设计基础资料process flowchart工艺流程图engineering geological data 工程地质资料original data 原始资料schedule of design 设计进度设计阶段b. STAGE OF DESIGNscheme, draft 方案sketch草图summary of discussion 会谈纪要negotiation谈判feasibility study 可行性研究preliminary design 初步设计basic design 基础设计detail design 详细设计enquiry drawing询价图working drawing, construction drawing 施工图as built drawing 竣工图c. CLIMATE CONDITION 气象条件sunshine 日照wind rose风玫瑰prevailing wind direction主导风向maximum (mean) wind velocity )风速最大(平均wind load风荷载maximum (mean) rainfall 降雨量最大(平均)thunder and lightning 雷击及闪电hurricane 飓风typhoon 台风cyclone旋风rainfall intensity 降雨强度annual rainfall 年降雨量wet bulb temperature湿球温度dry bulb temperature 干球温度frost period 冰冻期frost line 冰冻线frost zone冰冻区calculating outdoor temperature 室外计算温度region with heating provision 采暖地区region without heating provision 不采暖地区absolute atmospheric pressure 绝对大气压relative humidity 相对湿度常用房间名称d. GENERAL ROOM NAMEoffice办公室service room 服务用房shift room换班室rest room (break room) 休息室living room 起居室bathroom 浴室shower 淋浴间locker room 更衣室lavatory 厕所lobby门厅clinic 诊室workshop 工作间switchroom 电气开关室corridor 走廊archive档案室lift motor room 电梯机房garage车库cleaning room 清洁间) conference room 正式会议室(meeting room 会议室ward robe 衣柜间H.V.A.C room 暖风间restaurant饭店canteen, dining room 餐厅kitchen 厨房entrance 入口reception area 接待处accountant room 会计室secretary room 秘书室electrical room 电气室control room 控制室foreman office工长室switch gear 开关柜室antecabinet (Ante.) 前室production area 生产区Mcc 马达控制中心utility room 多功能用房laboratory room 化验室manager room 经理室) penthouse 阁楼披屋(guard house 警卫室屋面及天棚e. ROOFING AND CEILINGparapet 女儿墙canopy 雨蓬roof ridge 屋脊slope 坡度pitch 坡跨比water-shed分水线2 layers of felt & 3 coats of bitumastic 二毡三油extra ply of felt 附加油毡一层eave檐口overhanging eave 挑檐eave gutter檐沟flat roof 平屋面pitched roof坡屋面downspout, rain water pipe)(R.W.P) 雨水管catchment area 汇水面积flashing泛水interior drainage 内排水exterior drainage 外排水drip滴水roof drainage 屋面排水leveling course 找平层built-up roofing 卷材屋面ceiling 天棚purlin檩条roofing board 屋面板ceiling board 天花板water-proof course 防水层inspection hole 检查孔manhole 人孔suspended ceiling, false ceiling 吊顶) cornice (窗帘盒檐板) 外墙板墙体(f. WALL (CLADDING)brick wall 砖墙block wall砌块墙brick wall without plastering 清水砖墙rendered wall抹灰墙gypsum board, plaster board 石膏板墙hollow brick wall 空心砖墙bearing wall 承重墙non-bearing wall 非承重墙longitudinal wall 纵墙transverse wall 横墙external (exterior) wall 外墙internal (interior) wall 内墙filler wall 填充墙fire wall防火墙wall between window 窗间墙cavity wall 空心墙coping 压顶gird, girt, girth 圈梁glazed wall玻璃隔断damp-proof course (D.P.C) 防潮层sunshadebalcony阳台expansion joint 伸缩缝settlement joint 沉降缝seismic joint 抗震缝sandwich board复合夹心板corrugated single steel plate 压型单板cladding panel 外墙板composite panel 复合板light-weight partition 轻质隔断bracket 牛腿brick chimney 砖烟囱) plinth (勒脚基座g. FLOOR AND TRENCH 地面及地沟grade地坪ground and floor 地面和楼面rammed earth 素土夯实tamped cinder 炉渣夯实filled earth填土tamped backfill 回填土夯实bedding course, blinding垫层covering, finish面层bonding (binding) course 结合层leveling course找平层neat cement binding course 素水泥浆结合层concrete floor 混凝土地面cement floormachine trowelled concrete floor 机器磨平混凝土地面terrazzo flooring 水磨石地面mosaic flooring 马赛克地面ceramic tile flooring 瓷砖地面linoleum flooring油地毡地面precast terrazzo flooring 石地面预制水磨hard-wood parquet flooring 硬木花地面joist搁栅hard-wood rough flooring 硬木毛地面tongued and grooved flooring 企口板地面acid-resistant floor防酸地面reinforced concrete slab (R.C Slab) 钢筋混凝土楼板vinyl flooring乙烯基地面divider strip for terrazzo 水磨石嵌条floor with 2% slope％坡地面做2gully 集水沟gulley集水口drainage trench 排水沟trench cover沟盖板removable cover plate 活动盖板sump pit 集水坑hole up stand 孔翻边cable trench 电缆沟门、玻璃、窗及五金件h. DOORS,GLASS,WINDOWS &IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)wooden (steel) door 钢)门木(panelled door 镶板门plywood door 夹板门aluminum alloy door 铝合金门roller shutter door 卷帘门swing door 弹簧门sliding door 推拉门side-hung door 平开门folding door 折叠门revolving door 旋转门glazed door 玻璃门air-Tight door密闭门thermal insulating door保温门galvanized steel wire mesh door 镀锌铁丝网门fire door 防火门wicket 小门(大门上的)door frame 门框door leaf 门扇door opening门洞structural opening 结构开洞single door 单扇门double door 双扇门emergency door 疏散门screen door 纱门door sill 门槛door lintel 门过梁top rail 上冒头bottom rail 下冒头stile 门边木side jumb 门樘侧料notch槽口wooden window 木窗steel window钢窗aluminum alloy window铝合金窗) sun-bind, louver (louver, shutter, blind) ( 通风为主百叶窗plastic steel window 塑钢窗hollow steel window 空腹钢窗fixed window 固定窗side-hung window 平开窗sliding window 推拉窗transom气窗top-hung window 上悬窗center-pivoted window 中悬窗hopper window 下悬窗adjustable louver 活动百叶窗skylight天窗dormer window老虎窗sealed double glazing 密封双层玻璃reinforced concrete lintel 钢筋混凝土过梁reinforced brick lintel 钢筋砖过梁casement sash 窗扇window sill 窗台window board 窗台板mullion 窗中梃mutin 窗横木stile 窗边木cover mould 压缝条curtain box 窗帘盒) hinge (butts) (铰链合页pivot转轴parliament hinge 长脚铰链door closer 闭门器floor closer 地弹簧bolt 插销door lock 门锁pull 拉手chain 链条door hanger 门钩ball latch 碰球window catch 窗钩insert bolt暗插销electric opener 电动开关器plate glass 平板玻璃wire glass 夹丝玻璃clear glass透明玻璃) ground glass (frosted glass)磨砂玻璃(毛玻璃bullet-proof glass 防弹玻璃quartz glass 石英玻璃heat absorbing glass 吸热玻璃polished glass 磨光玻璃pigmented glass 着色玻璃glass tile 玻璃瓦glass block 玻璃砖organic glass 有机玻璃楼梯、休息平台及电梯I. STAIRCASE, LANDING & LIFT (ELEVATOR)stair 楼梯staircase 楼梯间emergency stair 疏散梯spiral stair (circular stair) 旋转梯crane ladder 吊车梯vertical ladder 直爬梯step踏步winder (wheel step) 扇形踏步tread 踏步板riser 档步板tread width 踏步宽度non-slip insert (strips)防滑条railing (balustrade) 栏杆platform railing平台栏杆railing around mounting hole 吊装孔栏杆handrail扶手height of flight梯段高度protecting cage (safety cage) 防护梯笼landing (platform) 平台operating platform操作平台platform for loading & unloading 装卸平台stair landing 楼梯平台passenger lift 客梯goods lift货梯goods/passenger lift 货两用梯/客hydraulic lift 液压电梯escalator自动扶梯observation elevator 观光电梯lift mortar room 电梯机房lift pit 电梯坑lift shaft 电梯井道建筑材料词汇及短语j. BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRASES砖和瓦Bricks and Tilesred brick 红砖clay brick粘土砖glazed brick (ceramic tile) 瓷砖fire brick 防火砖hollow brick 空心砖facing brick 面砖flooring tile 地板砖clinkery brick 缸砖mosaic马赛克ceramsite concrete 陶粒混凝土glazed tile 琉璃瓦ridge tile脊瓦asbestos tile (shingle)石棉瓦corrugated asbestos cement sheet 波形石棉水泥瓦Lime, Sand and Stone 灰、砂和石gypsum 石膏marble 大理石white marble 汉白玉granite 花岗岩crushed stone 碎石rubble 毛石vermiculite蛭石pearlite 珍珠岩terrazzo 水磨石cobble 卵石gravel 砾石course sand 粗砂medium sand 中砂fine sand细砂Cement, Mortar and Concrete 水泥、砂浆和混凝土) Portland cement 普通硅酸盐水泥波特兰水泥(silicate cement 硅酸盐水泥pozzolana cement 火山灰水泥white cement 白水泥cement mortar 水泥砂浆lime mortar石灰砂浆) cement-lime mortar (混合砂浆水泥石灰砂浆thermal mortar 保温砂浆water-proof mortar防水砂浆acid-resistant mortar 耐酸砂浆alkaline-resistant mortar 耐碱砂浆bituminous mortar 沥青砂浆paper strip mixed lime mortar 纸筋灰hemp cut lime mortar麻刀灰mortar joint 灰缝plain concrete 素混凝土reinforced concrete 钢筋混凝土lightweight concrete 轻质混凝土fine aggregate concrete 细石混凝土asphalt concrete 沥青混凝土foamed concrete 泡沫混凝土cinder concrete炉渣混凝土饰面及粉刷材料Facing And Plastering Materialsgranitic plaster 水刷石artificial stone 斩假石lime wash 刷浆casein 可赛银white wash 大白浆hemp cuts and lime as base 麻刀灰打底sprayed twice with white wash 喷大白浆两道cement mortar plaster sectioned 分格抹水泥砂浆lath and plaster板条抹灰Asphalt(Bitumen) and Asbestos 沥青和石棉asphalt felt 沥青卷材asphalt filler 沥青填料asphalt grout沥青胶泥adhesive bitumen primer 冷底子油asphaltic mastic 沥青玛啼脂bitumastic oakum 沥青麻丝asbestos sheet 石棉板asbestos fiber 石棉纤维Timber 木材crack 裂缝split 透裂shake 环裂shrinkage 干缩warping 翘曲log原木round timber 圆木square timber 方木plank 板材batten 木条lath 板条board 木板red pine 红松white pine 白松deciduous pine 落叶松spruce云杉cypress 柏木white poplar 白杨birch 桦木fir 冷杉oak 栎木willow 榴木elm 榆木cedar 杉木teak柚木camphor wood樟木preservative-treated lumber 防腐处理的木材plywood 胶合板3(5)-plywood)合板三(五tongued and grooved board 企口板laminated plank层夹板glue-laminated lumber 胶合层夹木材fiber-board 纤维板bamboo竹子Metallic Materials 金属材料ferrous metal 黑色金属steelbBar 圆钢square steel 方钢steel strap,flat steel 扁钢steel section (shape) 型钢channel 槽钢angle steel 角钢equal-leg angle 等边角钢unequal-leg angle 不等边角钢I-beam工字钢wide flange I-beam 宽翼缘工字钢T-bar (Z-bar)之)字钢( 丁light gauge cold-formed steel shape 冷弯薄壁型钢hot-rolled 热轧cold-rolled 冷轧cold-drawn 冷拉cold-pressed 冷压alloy steel 合金钢titanium alloy 钛合金stainless steel 不锈钢corrugated steel bar 竹节钢筋deformed bar 变形钢筋plain round bar 光圆钢筋steel plate 钢板thin steel plate薄钢板low carbon steel 低碳钢cold bending 冷弯steel pipe (tube) 钢管seamless steel pipe 无缝钢管welded steel pipe 焊接钢管iron pipe黑铁管galvanized steel pipe 镀锌钢管cast iron 铸铁pig iron 生铁wrought iron熟铁galvanized steel sheet 镀锌铁皮galvanized steel wire 镀锌铁丝steel wire mesh 钢丝网expanded metal 多孔金属网managanese steel锰钢high strength alloy steel 高强度合金钢有色金属Non-Ferrous Metalgold 金platinum 白金copper 铜brass 黄铜bronze青铜silver 银aluminum 铝lead铅Anti-Corrosion Materials 防腐蚀材料polythene, polyethylene 聚乙烯nylon尼龙PVC (polyvinyl chloride) 聚氯乙烯polycarbonate 聚碳酸酯polystyrene 聚苯乙烯acrylic resin 丙烯酸树酯vinyl ester 乙烯基酯rubber lining 橡胶内衬neoprene 氯丁橡胶bitumen paint 沥青漆epoxy resin paint 环氧树脂漆zinc oxide primer 氧化锌底漆anti-rust paint 防锈漆acid-resistant paint 耐酸漆alkali-resistant paint 耐碱漆sodium silicate 水玻璃resin-bonded mortar树脂砂浆epoxy resin 环氧树脂建筑五金Building Hardwarenails钉子spiral-threaded roofing nail 螺纹屋面钉annular-ring gypsum board nail 环纹石膏板钉screws螺丝flat-head screw 平头螺丝bolt螺栓commercial bolt 普通螺栓high strength bolt 高强螺栓insert bolt 预埋螺栓cinch bolt 胀锚螺栓washer 垫片Paint 油漆primer底漆rust-inhibitive primer 防锈底漆anti-corrosion paint 防腐漆mixed paint 调和漆flat paint 无光漆varnish 透明漆aluminum paint 银粉漆enamel paint磁漆drying oil 干性油thinner 稀释剂tar焦油asphalt paint沥青漆tung oil, Chinese wood oil 桐油red lead 红丹lead oil 铅油putty 腻子其它建筑术语k. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERMS专业Disciplinearchitecture 建筑civil土木water supply and drainage 给排水plot plan总图ventilation and air conditioning) 、采暖通风H.V.A.C (heatingelectric power supply 电力供应electric lighting 电气照明telecommunication 电讯instrument仪表heat power supply热力供应mechanical power 动力process technology 工艺piping管道Conventional Terms 一般通用名词architectonics 建筑原理architectural style 建筑形式civil architecture 民用建筑urban architecture 城市建筑rural architecture 农村建筑farm building 农业建筑industrial building 工业建筑heavy industrial 重工业的light industrial 轻工业的ancient architecture 古代建筑modern architecture 现代建筑standardized buildings 标准化建筑auxiliary buildings 附属建筑city planning 城市规划within site 厂区内offsite 厂区外closed type 封闭式open type开敞式semi-open type 半开敞式modular system 模数制unit cost 单位造价preliminary estimate 概算constructor, contractor 承包商site 现场extension 扩建reconstruction 改建fire-prevention防火aseismatic, quake-proof 防震anti-corrosion 防腐dump-proof 防潮water-proof 防水dust-proof 防尘rust-proof 防锈traffic volume 车流量freight traffic volume 货流量pedestrian volume 人流量perspective drawing 透视图building model 建筑模型建筑物理Architectural Physicsillumination照明degree of illumination 照度brightness 亮度sunshine日照natural lighting 天然采光light intensity 光强side light 侧光top light 顶光glaze 眩光azimuth 方位角radiation 辐射convection 对流conduction 传导sun-shade 遮阳thermal insulation 保温constant temperature 恒温constant humidity 恒湿noise 噪音sound-proof 隔音sound absorption 吸音dew point 露点vapor-proof隔汽职务名称Name Of Professional roleproject manager (PM) 项目经理design manager 设计经理principal architect 首席建筑师chief engineer 总工程师civil engineer 土木工程师process engineer 工艺工程师electrical engineer 电气工程师mechanical engineer 机械工程师planning engineer 计划工程师assistant engineer 助理工程师probationer 实习生specialist, expert 专家draftsman 制图员technician 技术员Drafting 制图general specification 总说明project specification工程说明list of standards and specification adopted 采用标准规范目录list of drawings 图纸目录plan平面图detail with enlarged scale 局部放大图schematic plan of...．平面示意图．．sectional plan of... ．．平剖面图．plan of provision of holes 留孔平面图section剖面longitudinal section 纵剖面cross (transverse) section 横剖面elevation 立面front elevation 正立面perspective drawing 透视图side elevation 侧立面back elevation 背立面detail drawings 详图typical detail 典型节点detail No. 节点号front page首页list of contents and description 图纸目录及说明legend 图例diagram 示意图sketch草图load diagram 荷载简图flow diagram 流程示意图standard drawing标准图layout of ... ．．布置图．topographical map 地形图earth-work drawing 土方工程图developed drawing 展开图formwork drawing模板图arrangement of reinforcement 配筋tables表格working schedule工程进度表technical and economical index 技术经济指标list of buildings and structures 建、构筑物一览表coding 编号serial No. 序列号rows and columns 行和栏remarks 备注grade 等级straight Line 直线curves 曲线zigzag line 曲折线dotted line 虚线solid line 实线hatching line 影线dot and dash line点划线轴线contour Line 等高线center Line 中心线hyperbola 双曲线parabola 抛物线tangent Line 切线dimension Line 尺寸线round 园形annular 环形square 方形rectangle矩形parallelogram 平行四边形triangle 三角形pentagon 五角形hexagon 六角形octagon 八角形trapezoid 梯形circle 圆圈sagment 弓形sector 扇形spherical 球形的paraboloid抛物面cone圆锥形ellipse, oblong 椭圆形area 面积volume 体积capacity 容量weight 重量mass 质量force 力meter 米centimeter 厘米millimeter 毫米hectate公顷Newton/square meter /平方米牛顿kilogram/cubic meter 立方米千克/foot 英尺inch 英寸pound 磅ton 吨gallon 加仑千磅average dimension 平均尺寸variable dimension变尺寸overall dimension 外形尺寸developed dimension 展开尺寸inside diameter 内径outside diameter 外径net weight 净重gross weight 毛重quantity 数量percentage 百分比clearance 净空headroom 净高clear distance 净距clear span 净跨sectional dimension 截面尺寸bay 开间depth 进深single span 单跨double span 双跨multi-span 多跨elevation, level 标高absolute elevation 绝对标高designed elevation设计标高ground elevation 室外地面标高floor elevation 室内地面标高column grid 柱网coordinate 坐标site area 厂区占地usable area 使用面积service area 辅助面积passage area 通道面积pipe rack 管架pipeline gallery 管廊overhead pipeline 架空管线drain ditch 排水沟sump pit 集水坑fountain 喷泉floor drain 地漏fire hydrant 消火栓fire extinguisher灭火器carbon dioxide extinguisher 二氧化碳灭火器halon extinguisher卤代烷灭火器跟我们日常设计比较相关的景观英语词汇：1.主入口大门/岗亭(车行& 人行) MAIN ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN )2.次入口/岗亭(车行& 人行) 2ND ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN )3.商业中心入口ENTRANCE TO SHOPPING CTR.4.水景WATER FEATURE5.小型露天剧场MINI AMPHI-THEATRE6.迎宾景观-1 WELCOMING FEATURE-17.观景木台TIMBER DECK (VIEWING)8.竹园BAMBOO GARDEN9.漫步广场WALKWAY PLAZA10.露天咖啡廊OUT DOOR CAFE11.巨大迎宾水景-2 GRAND WELCOMING FEATURE-212.木桥TIMBER BRIDGE13.石景、水瀑、洞穴、观景台ROCK'SCAPE WATERFALL'S GROTTO/ VIEWING TERRACE14.吊桥HANGING BRIDGE15.休憩台地(低处) LOUNGING TERRACE (LOWER )16.休憩台地(高处) LOUNGING TERRACE (UPPER )17.特色踏步FEATURE STEPPING STONE18.野趣小溪RIVER WILD19.儿童乐园CHILDREN'S PLAYGROUNDSLIDE 20.旱冰道BADMINTON COURT 21.羽毛球场DRY LANDSCAPE 22.旱景JAPANESE GARDEN 23.日艺园DRY FOUNTAIN 24.旱喷泉VIEWING DECK 25.观景台SWIMMING POOL 26.游泳池JACUZZI 极可意27. WADING POOL 嬉水池28. CHILDREN'S POOL 儿童泳池29. WINDING WALL 30.蜿蜒水墙ROCK SCULPTURE 31.石景雕塑CENTRAL PLAZA 32.中心广场EXERCISE PLAZA 33.健身广场BRIDGE 34.桥MEDITATING PLAZA 35.交流广场TREE BATTLE FORMATION 趣味树阵36.PARING AREA 停车场37. TRELLIS 38.特色花架SCULPTURE TRAIL 39.雕塑小道PUTTING GREEN 轻击区40.(高尔夫)GOLF CLUBHOUSE 41.高尔夫球会所ENTRANCE PAVING TO UNIT 每栋建筑入口42. BASKETBALL COURT 篮球场43.TENNIS COURT网球场44. TERRACING SEATWALL/PLANTER 45.阶梯坐台/种植槽MAIN PLAZA 46.广场FOREST GARDEN WATERFALL 47.森林、瀑布ROCKERY GARDEN 48.石景园DRY STREAM 49.旱溪PAVILION 50.凉亭OUTDOOR SHOWER 51.户外淋浴TENSILE STRUCTURE 52.拉膜结构STAIR 台阶53.PARKING ( GOLF CAR ) 54.高尔夫球车停车场EXERCISE STATION 健身站55. JOGGING FOOTPATH 56.晨跑小路DRIVEWAY /SIDEWALK 57.车道/人行道PROMENADE 58.人行漫步道) WATER FALL AND DANCING FOUNTAIN ( ENTRY PLAZA ) 瀑布及跳舞喷泉(入口广场59. ROCKERY PLAZA石景广场特色入口60. ENTRY FEATURE 61.进步。
建筑专业英语词汇
●房屋各部分Parts of house 墙壁wall 花岗岩granite屋面roof 承重墙bearing wall 水磨石terrazzo 屋脊ridge 隔间partition 砌块masonry坡屋顶pitched roof 空心墙cavity wall 混凝土concrete单坡屋顶pent roof, lean-to roof 防火隔断(分区) compartmentation 预制混凝土pre-cast concrete 人字屋顶gable roof 剪力墙shear panel 钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete 四坡顶hipped roof 墙裙wainscot 钢筋steel reinforcement 屋面排水沟valley 窗间墙pier 水泥cement卷材防水屋面membrane roof 幕墙curtain wall 抹灰，灰泥plaster, stucco 找平层screed-coat 电梯elevator, lift 熟石灰hydrate of lime, slaked-lime 防水层damp-proof course 自动扶梯escalator 砂浆mortar泛水flashing 地板，楼面floor 抹灰层floated coat屋顶层garret 夹层楼面entresol，mezzanine 饰面finish阁楼penthouse, loft, attic 楼座balcony 木砖grounds, timber brick 天台roof-deck 楼板slab 石膏gypsum晒台drying stage 天花板ceiling 石膏板plaster slab组合烟囱chimney stack 壁炉andiron，fireplace，grate 夹胶玻璃plyglass屋檐eave 地下室basement 胶合板plywood, clip-board 屋面排水roofing drainage 防火fire-cut 脚手架scaffolding 檐沟，明沟gutter 防火门fire door 悬臂cantilever水落管down-pipe, downspout 耐热涂料heat-resisting paints 叠涩，牛腿corbel雨棚canopy, awning 绝热heat insulation 遮阳sun shading柱廊colonnade 门槛head-rail, sill●制图与构图用语走廊corridor 柱子column，post，pillar 草图sketch, draft中庭atrium 柱头column cap, head 图纸drawing山墙gable 斜撑knee brace 施工图working drawings女儿墙parapet 悬索catenary 工程project山花pediment 梁beam 方案plan隅石砌quoins 基础梁grade beam 总图grid阳台balcony, veranda 钢板梁plate girder 总平面site 阳台栏杆balustrade 工字梁I-beam 平面floor阳台栏杆柱baluster, banister 过梁lintel, lintol, head 立面elevation平台terrace 椽子purlin 正立面facade台阶steps 基础foundation 剖面section梯子ladder 碎石垫层hard core 详图detail 梯级step 混凝土地基concrete foundation 门厅上部upper foyer楼梯staircase(＝step) 基座、柱础pedestal 比例尺scale= 楼梯踏步平板tread 独立基础isolated footing 透视图，表现图rendering 楼梯踏步竖板riser 放大基础spreading footing 透视perspective 楼梯休息平台landing 条形基础strip footing 轴测isometric perspective直角转弯平台quarter-space landing 梯宽run of stair 筏式基础mat foundation浮筏基础floating foundationAxonometric projection轴线axis建筑面积floor area, architecture area 梯高rise of stair 沉箱基础caisson相对标高relative elevation/level 楼梯扶手rail, railing 化粪池cesspool, septic tank 层高，净空headroom, headway 回转梯corkscrew staircase，caracole 伸缩缝expansion joint室内interior 踏步突沿nosing 冷桥thermal bridge室外exterior 窗子window 散水wash, apron 室内装修interior decoration 百叶窗blinds, louvers 披水板weathering-board 装饰ornament 旋转窗balance window 桁架truss广场square, plaza, public square 平开窗，窗叶casement 组合桁架composite truss 流线circulation 窗扇sash 框架framework中旋窗awning window 模板formwork 解构deconstruction 空间space, spatial 上下推拉窗double-hung window 拱券arch比例proportion 屋顶通气窗clerestory 穹顶dome门窗亮子transom窗框window frame 窗台sill，cill采光顶sunroof天窗sunlight老虎窗dormer-window 通风窗ventlight 平拱flat arch筒拱vault, vaulted roof半圆穹顶concha瓦shingle, tile砖brick瓷砖ceramic tile玻璃砖glass blocks统一unity均衡balance协调harmony尺度scale韵律rhythm风格style功能function关系relationship 落地窗French window 大理石marble1●房屋House 服务入口service entry ●冷暖气Cooling and heating高层建筑high-rise building 换鞋处mud room 电风扇electric fan社区housing complex 游艺室games room 煤气暖炉gas heater (stove)家舍house 活动室activities room 石油暖炉kerosene heater(=stove) 茅舍cottage 音乐室music alcove 电暖炉electric heater(=stove) 平房one-story house，bungalow，工人房maid bedroom 暖气片panel heating plain-house 台球室billiards room 散热器radiator二楼two-story house温室greenhouse 冷气机air cooler 公寓(建筑) apartment house●家具Furniture 空调机air-conditioner 公寓(房间) apartment(flat)(英)方桌square table 中央暖气central heating(system) 别墅villa圆桌round table 局部暖气space heating花园洋房garden house长方桌rectangle table●几何名词寄宿舍dormitory( 美)伸缩桌extension table 直线line 供膳出租房间board and lodging小桌side table 曲线curve出租房间room for rent( 美)凳子stool 圆弧arc 乡村旅舍country inn有肘的椅子armchair 圆circle 供膳寄宿舍boardinghouse摇椅，安乐椅rocking chair 椭圆ellipse 大厦mansions, edifice藤椅rattan chair 三角形triangle大楼building塑料椅plastic chair 正方形square 预制装配式房屋pre-fabricate house帆布椅deck chair 矩形rectangle 小木屋shack折椅folding chair 多边形polygon 一个单元one unit沙发sofa 螺旋线spiral 车库garage长椅couch 平行六面体parallelepiped 报告厅auditorium, lecture hall桌子，餐桌table 球体sphere 多功能厅multi-use hall玻璃桌子glass table 半球hemisphere阅览室browsing room, reading room塑料桌子acrylic table●相关专业名称茶室refreshment room木制饭桌wooden-table 结构structure 操作间cab, utility room●庭院Yard 电气electric work ●居住Dwelling家宅院messuage 给排水plumbing 套房suit门廊porch, covered porch 暖通HVAC,主人套房master suit 门厅，前厅lobby 敞廊loggia前院front yard( 美)；forecourtHeating/Ventilation/Air Condition城市规划city planning大厅hall, main hall 中院(英) court yard●其他过厅gallery后院back-yard(美) GRC 玻璃纤维增强复合材料起居间living RM，family RM (Glass-fiber Reinforced Composite)侧院quiet yard聚会厅gathering RM，keeping RM PVC 聚氯乙烯小庭院garth休息厅lounge, sitting RM客厅parlor衣帽间cloakroom更衣、衣橱间walk-in-closet, W.I.C. 厨房kitchen餐厅dinning room早餐厅nook, breakfast room 食品、餐具间pantry, butlery浴室，洗手间bathroom盥洗室toilet room卫生间water closet,W.C.前室，门厅foyer寝室，卧房bedroom主人房master bedroom书斋，书房study, library工作室，画室studio私室，书斋den化妆室boudoir, dressing RM ,powder RM婴儿室nursery客房guestroom壁厨closet, ambry洗衣间laundry room地窖cellar储藏室storage 天井patio, patios, hypaethral花园garden树篱hedge围场enclosure花架arbor bower草坪lawn花坛flowerbed灌木bush, brush撒水器sprinkler假山rockery亭子，阁楼pavillion小径path车道driveway游泳池pool围墙fence●前门Front door会发谐音钟声的门door chime警报器buzzer门铃doorbell门环doorknocker窥孔peephole门把knob门柱doorjamb锁眼keyhole转门swinging door建构tectonic风格style古典主义Classicalism哥特复兴式Gothic Revival巴洛克风格Baroque洛可可Rococo文艺复兴Renaissance帕拉迪奥风格Palladian新艺术运动Art Nouveau理性主义Rationalism折衷主义Eclecticism粗野主义Brutalism风格主义Mannerism构成主义Constructivism国际主义风格International Style功能主义Functionalism表现主义Expressionism现代主义Modernism新古典主义Neo-Classicism可持续建筑Sustainable Architecture健身房exercise RM折门fold-away (accordion) door2。
(完整版)工程英语词汇
(完整版)工程英语词汇一、基础工程词汇1. 工程：Engineering2. 项目：Project3. 设计：Design4. 施工：Construction5. 监理：Supervision6. 材料：Material7. 结构：Structure8. 质量：Quality9. 安全：Safety10. 进度：Schedule二、土木工程词汇1. 土壤：Soil2. 基础：Foundation3. 桥梁：Bridge4. 隧道：Tunnel5. 路面：Pavement6. 水利：Hydraulic Engineering7. 港口：Harbor8. 道路：Road9. 铁路：Railway10. 地铁：Subway三、建筑工程词汇1. 建筑物：Building2. 楼层：Floor3. 墙体：Wall4. 屋顶：Roof5. 窗户：Window6. 门：Door7. 楼梯：Stairs8. 幕墙： Curtain Wall9. 装修：Decoration10. 室内设计：Interior Design四、电气工程词汇1. 电路：Circuit2. 电线：Wire3. 开关：Switch4. 插座：Outlet5. 发电机：Generator6. 变压器：Transformer7. 电动机：Motor8. 电池：Battery9. 照明：Illumination10. 控制系统：Control System五、机械工程词汇1. 机械：Machine2. 零件：Part3. 轴承：Bearing4. 齿轮：Gear5. 润滑：Lubrication6. 紧固件：Fastener7. 焊接：Welding8. 冲压：Stamping9. 加工：Machining10. 装配：Assembly六、环境工程词汇1. 环境：Environment2. 污染：Pollution3. 废水：Wastewater4. 废气：Waste Gas5. 噪音：Noise6. 固体废物：Solid Waste7. 污染治理：Pollution Control8. 节能：Energy Saving9. 环保：Environmental Protection10. 可持续发展：Sustainable Development七、信息技术工程词汇1. 信息技术：Information Technology (IT)2. 网络：Network3. 服务器：Server4. 数据库：Database5. 编程：Programming6. 软件开发：Software Development7. 硬件：Hardware8. 云计算：Cloud Computing9. 大数据：Big Data八、化学工程词汇1. 化学反应：Chemical Reaction2. 流体力学：Fluid Mechanics3. 热力学：Thermodynamics4. 分离过程：Separation Process5. 反应器：Reactor6. 材料 science：Material Science7. 质量传递：Mass Transfer8. 能量传递：Energy Transfer9. 过程控制：Process Control10. 安全工程：Safety Engineering九、航空航天工程词汇1. 航空：Aeronautics2. 航天：Astronautics3. 飞行器：Aircraft4. 发射：Launch5. 航天器：Spacecraft6. 导航：Navigation7. 飞行控制系统：Flight Control System8. 火箭：Rocket9. 卫星：Satellite10. 航天站：Space Station十、生物医学工程词汇1. 生物医学：Biomedical2. 生物材料：Biomaterial3. 医疗设备：Medical Device4. 生物力学：Biomechanics5. 细胞工程：Cell Engineering6. 基因工程：Genetic Engineering7. 仿生学：Bionics8. 生物传感器：Biosensor9. 医学影像：Medical Imaging10. 组织工程：Tissue Engineering十一、项目管理词汇1. 项目管理：Project Management2. 项目经理：Project Manager3. 项目规划：Project Planning4. 项目预算：Project Budget5. 项目进度：Project Schedule6. 风险管理：Risk Management7. 质量管理：Quality Management8. 成本控制：Cost Control9. 团队协作：Team Collaboration10. 项目交付：Project Delivery十二、建筑信息模型(BIM)词汇1. 建筑信息模型：Building Information Modeling (BIM)2. 三维模型：3D Model3. 四维建模：4D Modeling（时间维度）4. 五维建模：5D Modeling（成本维度）5. BIM软件：BIM Software6. 模型协调：Model Coordination7. 数字化施工：Digital Construction8. BIM协作：BIM Collaboration9. 可视化：Visualization10. 仿真分析：Simulation Analysis十三、绿色建筑与可持续性词汇1. 绿色建筑：Green Building2. 可持续性：Sustainability3. 节能：Energy Efficiency4. 碳排放：Carbon Emission5. 绿色认证：Green Certification6. 生态设计：Esign7. 资源循环：Resource Recycling8. 生物多样性：Biodiversity9. 低影响开发：Low Impact Development (LID)10. 环境生命周期评估：Environmental Life Cycle Assessment十四、电子工程与自动化词汇1. 电子工程：Electronics Engineering2. 电路板：Circuit Board3. 集成电路：Integrated Circuit (IC)4. 传感器：Sensor5. 自动化：Automation6. 控制系统：Control System7. 技术：Robotics8. 伺服电机：Servo Motor9. 可编程逻辑控制器：Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)10. 工业互联网：Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT)十五、地质工程与矿业词汇1. 地质工程：Geological Engineering2. 地层：Stratum3. 岩土工程：Geotechnical Engineering4. 钻探：Drilling5. 矿业：Mining6. 采掘：Excavation7. 岩石力学：Rock Mechanics8. 地下水：Groundwater9. 防滑坡：Landslide Prevention10. 矿物加工：Mineral Processing。
建筑工程专业英语词汇
建筑工程专业英语词汇建设,建筑,修建 to build, to construct 建筑学 architecture 修筑,建筑物 building 房子 house摩天大楼 skyscraper公寓楼 block of flats (美作:apartment block) 纪念碑 monument 宫殿 palace 庙宇 temple皇宫,教堂 basilica 大教堂 cathedral 教堂 church 塔,塔楼tower十层办公大楼 ten-storey office block 柱 column柱列 colonnade 拱 arch市政 town planning (美作:city planning) 营建许可证,建筑开工许可证 building permission 绿地 greenbelt建筑物的三面图 elevation 设计图 plan 比例尺 scale预制 to prefabricate 挖土,掘土 excavation基 foundations, base, subgrade 打地基 to lay the foundations 打地基 to lay the foundations 砌好的砖列 course of bricks 脚手架 scaffold, scaffolding质量合格证书 certification of fitness 原材料 raw material 底板 bottom plate 垫层 cushion 侧壁 sidewall中心线 center line 条形基础 strip footing 附件 accessories 型钢 profile steel 钢板 steel plate 熔渣 slag飞溅 welding spatter 定位焊 tacking引弧 generating of arc 熄弧 quenching of arc 焊道 welding bead 坡口 beveled edges外观检查 visual inspection 重皮 double-skin水平方向弧度 radian in horizontal direction 成型 molding 直线度 straightness accuracy焊缝角变形 welding line angular distortion 水平度 levelness 铅垂度 verticality翘曲变形 buckling deformation 角尺 angle square 对接焊缝butt weld 母材 parent metal法兰密封面 flange sealing surface 夹层 interlayer表面锈蚀浓度 surface corrosion concentration 挠曲变 bending deformation超声波探伤 ultrasonic testing/ ultrasonic examination压力容器 pressure vessel预制下料 prefabrication baiting 排版直径 set-type diameter 焊缝 welding line 中幅板 center plate测量方法 measuring method 基准点 datum mark 跳焊 skip welding允许偏差 allowable variation 补强板 stiffening plate 开孔tapping对接接头 banjo fixing butt jointing 角钢 angle iron安装基准圆 installation fundamental circle 吊装立柱hoisting upright column 焊接钢管 welded steel pipe 向心斜拉筋 centripetal canting pull rope 带板 band plate 建设,建筑,修建 to build, to construct建筑学 architecture修筑,建筑物 building房子 house摩天大楼 skyscraper公寓楼 block of flats (美作:apartment block)纪念碑 monument宫殿 palace庙宇 temple皇宫,教堂 basilica大教堂 cathedral教堂 church塔,塔楼 tower十层办公大楼 ten-storey office block柱 column柱列 colonnade拱 arch市政 town planning (美作:city planning)营建许可证,建筑开工许可证 building permission 绿地 greenbelt建筑物的三面图 elevation设计图 plan比例尺 scale预制 to prefabricate挖土,掘土 excavation基 foundations, base, subgrade打地基 to lay the foundations砌好的砖列 course of bricks脚手架 scaffold, scaffolding质量合格证书 certification of fitness 原材料 raw material底板 bottom plate垫层 cushion侧壁 sidewall中心线 center line条形基础 strip footing附件 accessories型钢 profile steel钢板 steel plate熔渣 slag飞溅 welding spatter定位焊 tacking引弧 generating of arc熄弧 quenching of arc焊道 welding bead坡口 beveled edges外观检查 visual inspection 重皮 double-skin水平方向弧度 radian in horizontal direction 成型 molding直线度 straightness accuracy焊缝角变形 welding line angular distortion 水平度 levelness铅垂度 verticality翘曲变形 buckling deformation角尺 angle square对接焊缝 butt weld母材 parent metal法兰密封面 flange sealing surface夹层 interlayer表面锈蚀浓度 surface corrosion concentration挠曲变 bending deformation超声波探伤 ultrasonic testing/ ultrasonic examination 压力容器 pressure vessel预制下料 prefabrication baiting排版直径 set-type diameter焊缝 welding line中幅板 center plate测量方法 measuring method基准点 datum mark跳焊 skip welding允许偏差 allowable variation补强板 stiffening plate开孔 tapping对接接头 banjo fixing butt jointing角钢 angle iron安装基准圆 installation fundamental circle 吊装立柱 hoisting upright column焊接钢管 welded steel pipe向心斜拉筋 centripetal canting pull rope带板 band plate槽钢胀圈 channel steel expansion ring环口 collar extension局部变形 local distortion环缝 circumferential weld顶板 top plate拱顶 vault顶板加强肋 stiffening rib对接 butt joint胎具 clamping fixture卷板机 plate bending rolls中心支架 center bearing bracket 椭圆度 ovality等分线 bisectrix搭接宽度 lap width点焊 spot welding搭接焊 overlap welding对称 symmetrically螺旋爬梯 cockle stairs放料阀 baiting valve液位计 content gauge芬兰维萨拉 vailsla oy美国美科 "met-coil, usa"集中式空调系统 centralized air conditioning system 裙房 annex热源 heat source平面位置的空间 space of planimetric position密封性能 sealing performance机房 machine room节点 timing专业 "profession or discipline 都可以,要根据上下文"连体法兰 coupling flange垂直井笼 vertical well cage变风量 variable air rate施工面展开 construction unfolds违约行为 noncompliance合同交底- contract presentation管理承包商 management contractor party工程量 work amount实施的形象进度 progress of implementation 完工资料 as-built documentation文整 clear-up审核 review汽车式起重机 autocrane深化图纸 deepen drawing设备配置计划 equipment furnishment plan结构预埋配合阶段 structure pre-embedment assistance stage精装修阶段 fine fitment stage工程施工阶段 construction stage工程竣工阶段 completion stage台钻 bench drill冲击钻 churn drill手电钻 electric portable drill砂轮切割机 abrasive cutting off machine角钢卷圆机 angle iron rolling machine管道切断器 pipe cutting machine铜管调直机 copper pipe straightening machine管道压槽机 book joint setting machine for pipes管道压槽机 book joint setting machine for pipes角向磨光机 angle polishing machine电动套丝机 electric threading machine电动卷扬机 electric winch电动试压泵 motor-driven pressure test pump手动试压泵 manual pressure test pump阀门试压机 valve pressure test device阀门试压机 valve pressure test devicetdc(f)风管加工流水线 tdc(f)air ductwork fabricationstream line等离子切割机 plasma cutting machinetdc(f)法兰条成型机 tdc(f) flange strip shaping mill 勾码成型机 forming machine for flange clamptdc(f)风管加工成型机 tdc(f) duct fabrication shaping mill 多普勒超声波流量检测仪 doppler ultrasonic flow detector温、湿度传感器 "temperature, humidity senor"精密声级计 precision sound level meter风管漏风量测试仪、风室式漏风测试装置 "duct air leakagetester, airchamber air leakage testing device"风罩式风量测试仪 air hood air rate tester微压计、毕托管、热球（电）风速仪 "micromanometer ,pitot tube, hot bulb(electrical) anemoscope"潜水泵 submerged pump电动弯管机 electric pipe bender铜管弯管机 copper pipe bender液压弯管机 hydraulic pipe bender电动剪刀 electric clipper液压铆钉钳 hydraulic riveting clamp 线槽电锯 trunking electric saw开孔器 tapper电动空压机 electric air compressor 液压千斤顶 hydraulic jack液压手推车 hydraulic trolley焊条烘干箱 welding rod drying box手拉葫芦 chain block道（垫）木 sleeper转速表 tachometer电流钳型表 clip-style ammeter压力表 pressure gauge接地电阻测试仪 earthing resistance testing device 氧气表 oxygen gauge乙炔表 acetylene gauge对讲机 walkie talkie文件和资料 documents and information?建设单位 construction unit安装单位 installation unit。
建筑类英语词汇
建筑类英语词汇property 物业，资产interest 产权subsidiary 附属机构，子公司valuation 评估open market value 公开市场价值leaseback 售后回租（即租回已出售的财产）on a residual basis 剩余法capital value 资本价值cost of development 开发费（指拆迁费，七通一平费等）professional fee 专业人员费（指勘察设计费等）finance costs 融资成本（指利息等）sale proceeds 销售收益on the basis of capitalisation 资本还原法floor area 建筑面积title document 契约文书plaza 购物中心land use certificate 土地使用证commercial/residential complex 商住综合楼land use fee 土地使用费（获得土地使用权后，每年支付国家的使用土地费用）Grant Contract of Land Use Right 土地使用权出让合同plot ratio 容积率site coverage 建筑密度land use term 土地使用期project approval 项目许可planning approval 规划许可commission 佣金permit 许可证business license 营业执照strata-title 分层所有权public utilities 公共设施urban planning 城市规划state-owned land 国有土地fiscal allotment 财政拨款grant or transfer 出让或转让the Municipal Land Administration Bureau 市土地管理局infrastructure 基础设施financial budget 财政预算public bidding 公开招标auction 拍卖negotiation /agreement协议land efficiency 土地效益location classification 地段等级projecting parameter 规划参数government assignment 政府划拨administrative institution 行政事业单位key zones for development 重点开发区tract 大片土地biding document 标书prerequisitioned land 预征土地competent authorities 主管部门construction project 建设项目planning permit of construction engineering 建设工程规划许可证go through the formalities 办手续comprehensive sub-areas 综合分区reconstruction of old area 旧区改造purchasing power 购买力property trust 物业信托equity 权益cash flows 现金流量appreciation 增值disposition 处置hedge 保值措施income tax shelter 收入税的庇护downturn （经济）衰退wealth maximisation 最大限度的增加财产(同其他投资相比) forecast 预测rules-of-thumb techniques 经验法mortgage lender 抵押放贷者vacancy 空房discounted cash flow models 折现值现金流量模型expectation 期望值letting 出租equity reversion 权益回收bad debts 坏帐depreciation allowances 折旧费supplies 日常用品utilities 公共事业设备allowances for repairs and maintenance 维修费unpaid mortgage balance 抵押贷款欠额stamp duty印花税recession 衰退<br>overproduction 生产过剩glut 供过于求high-technology 高科技investment strategy投资策略circulation 发行量entrepreneur 倡导者，企业家coliseum 大体育场，大剧院chambers （商业资本家联合组织的）会所arena 室内运动场socioeconomic status 社会经济地位amenities 便利设施condominium 个人占有公寓房，一套公寓房的个人所有权income bracket 收入档次tenement 分租合住的经济公寓area code （电话）地区代码community 社区assessment 估价downzone 降低区划规模housing residences住宅to build, to construct 建设，建筑，修建architecture 建筑学building 修筑，建筑物house 房子skyscraper摩天大楼block of flats 公寓楼（美作：apartment block）monument 纪念碑palace 宫殿temple 庙宇basilica 皇宫，教堂cathedral 大教堂church教堂tower 塔，塔楼ten-storey office block 十层办公大楼column 柱colonnade 柱列arch 拱town planning 市政（美作：city planning）building permission 营建许可证，建筑开工许可证greenbelt 绿地elevation 建筑物的三面图plan 设计图scale 比例尺to prefabricate 预制excavation挖土，掘土foundations 基to lay the foundations打地基course of bricks 砌好的砖列scaffold脚手架scaffolding脚手架质量合格证书certification of fitness原材料raw material底板bottom plate垫层cushion侧壁sidewall中心线center line条形基础strip footing附件accessories型钢profile steel钢板steel plate熔渣slag飞溅welding spatter定位焊tacking引弧generating of arc熄弧quenching of arc焊道welding bead坡口beveled edges外观检查visual inspection重皮doubleskin水平方向弧度radian in horizontal direction成型molding直线度straightness accuracy焊缝角变形welding line angular distortion水平度levelness铅垂度verticality翘曲变形buckling deformation角尺angle square对接焊缝butt weld母材parent metal法兰密封面flange sealing surface夹层interlayer表面锈蚀浓度surface corrosion concentration挠曲变bending deformation超声波探伤ultrasonic testing/ ultrasonic examination 压力容器pressure vessel预制下料prefabrication baiting排版直径set-type diameter焊缝welding line中幅板? center plate测量方法measuring method基准点datum mark跳焊skip welding允许偏差allowable variation补强板stiffening plate开孔tapping对接接头banjo fixing butt jointing角钢angle iron安装基准圆installation fundamental circle吊装立柱hoisting upright column焊接钢管welded steel pipe向心斜拉筋centripetal canting pull rope带板band plate槽钢胀圈channel steel expansion ring环口collar extension局部变形local distortion环缝circumferential weld顶板top plate拱顶vault顶板加强肋stiffening rib对接butt joint胎具clamping fixture卷板机plate bending rolls中心支架center bearing bracket椭圆度ovality等分线bisectrix搭接宽度lap width点焊spot welding搭接焊overlap welding对称：symmetrically螺旋爬梯cockle stairs放料阀baiting valve液位计content gauge充水试验filling water test错边量unfitness of butt joint底圈foundation ring真空度检漏vacuum degree leak test丁字焊缝tee welding渗透探伤oil whiting test充水试验filling water test内侧角焊缝接头interior angle welding line joint foundation settlement 基础沉降测量基准点datum mark稳定性试验stability test排气阀outlet valve角钢angle steel构件component part机械损伤mechanical damage缩孔shrinkage cavityenfoldment 折迭碳钢管carbon steel tube公称直径nominal diameter预埋件embedded part轴测图axonometric drawing布置图arrangement diagram氧乙炔气割oxyacetylene gas cutting 低合金钢管low alloy steel热影响区heat affected area修磨polish砂轮片grinding wheel等离子plasma panel重皮coldlap凹凸unevenness缩口necking down端面head face倾斜偏差dip deviation外径external diameter砂轮grinding wheel管件pipe casting单线图single line drawing平齐parallel and level两端two terminals满扣buckle螺栓紧固bolton周边periphery附加应力additional stress同轴度axiality平行度parallelism随机stochastic允许偏差allowable variation重直度verticality水平度levelness隔离盲板blind plate氩弧焊argon arc welding压盖螺栓gland bolt间距spacing有效期period of validity担任take charge of undertake焊条welding rod碳钢焊条carbon steel焊丝welding wire熔化焊melting钢丝steel wire气体保护焊gas shielded arc welding 烘干drying清洗ablution制度system焊接工艺welding procedure相应corresponding手工电弧焊manual electric arc welding 手工钨极manual tungsten electrode打底render电源power source交流alternating current2rococo 洛可可式building 建筑物arch 拱vault 穹顶ogive 葱形饰;尖形拱顶facade 侧面frontispiece 三角墙,山墙column 柱pilaster 壁柱,半露柱pediment 山墙饰,山花fronton 山墙ground plan 平面图floor, storey 层ground floor 第一层(美作:first floor)flat 套(美作:apartment)stair well 楼梯间lift shaft 电梯,升降梯(美作:elevator shaft) fire escape 防火梯staircase 楼梯lift 电梯(美作:elevator)goods lift 公务电梯(美作:freight elevator) central heating 暖气ventilation shaft 通风井air conditioning 空调air-conditioned 带空调的flooring (一块)地板floorboard 地板(总称)parquet 木条地板herringbone parquet 人字形木条地板tile 瓷砖terrazzo 磨石子地wall 墙main wall 承重墙partition wall 隔断墙plastering 抹灰skirting board 壁脚板to whitewash 粉刷facade 建筑物正面window 窗basement 地下室penthouse 遮檐,披屋attic, garret 阁楼kitchen 厨房dining room 饭厅living room 起居室lounge 吸烟室,大厅bathroom 浴室toilet 卫生间chimney 烟囱fireplace 壁炉gutter 排水沟drainpipe 雨水管,落水管ceiling 天花板flat roof, roof garden 屋顶平台,屋顶花园roof 屋瓦顶。
建筑专业英语词汇
..●房屋各部分 Parts of house 屋面 roof 屋脊 ridge坡屋顶 pitched roof单坡屋顶 pent roof, lean-to roof 人字屋顶 gable roof 四坡顶 hipped roof 屋面排水沟 valley卷材防水屋面 membrane roof 找平层 screed-coat防水层 damp-proof course 泛水 flashing 屋顶层 garret阁楼 penthouse, loft, attic 天台 roof-deck 晒台 drying stage 组合烟囱 chimney stack 屋檐 eave屋面排水 roofing drainage 檐沟，明沟 gutter水落管 down-pipe, downspout 雨棚 canopy, awning 柱廊 colonnade 走廊 corridor 中庭 atrium 山墙 gable 女儿墙 parapet 山花 pediment 隅石砌 quoins阳台 balcony, veranda 阳台栏杆 balustrade阳台栏杆柱 baluster, banister 平台 terrace 台阶 steps 梯子 ladder 梯级 step楼梯 staircase(＝step) 楼梯踏步平板 tread 楼梯踏步竖板 riser 楼梯休息平台 landing直角转弯平台 quarter-space landing 梯宽 run of stair 梯高 rise of stair 楼梯扶手 rail, railing 回转梯 corkscrew staircase ，caracole 踏步突沿 nosing 窗子 window百叶窗 blinds, louvers 旋转窗 balance window 平开窗，窗叶 casement 窗扇 sash中旋窗 awning window 上下推拉窗 double-hung window 屋顶通气窗 clerestory 门窗亮子 transom窗框 window frame 窗台 sill ，cill 采光顶 sunroof 天窗 sunlight老虎窗 dormer-window 通风窗 ventlight落地窗 French window 墙壁 wall承重墙 bearing wall 隔间 partition 空心墙 cavity wall防火隔断(分区) compartmentation 剪力墙 shear panel 墙裙 wainscot 窗间墙 pier幕墙 curtain wall 电梯 elevator, lift 自动扶梯 escalator 地板，楼面 floor夹层楼面 entresol ，mezzanine 楼座 balcony 楼板 slab 天花板 ceiling壁炉 andiron ，fireplace ，grate 地下室 basement 防火 fire-cut 防火门 fire door耐热涂料 heat-resisting paints 绝热 heat insulation 门槛 head-rail, sill柱子 column ，post ，pillar 柱头 column cap, head 斜撑 knee brace 悬索 catenary 梁 beam基础梁 grade beam 钢板梁 plate girder 工字梁 I-beam过梁 lintel, lintol, head 椽子 purlin 基础 foundation 碎石垫层 hard core混凝土地基 concrete foundation 基座、柱础 pedestal独立基础 isolated footing 放大基础 spreading footing 条形基础 strip footing 筏式基础 mat foundation 浮筏基础 floating foundation 沉箱基础 caisson化粪池 cesspool, septic tank 伸缩缝 expansion joint 冷桥 thermal bridge 散水 wash, apron披水板 weathering-board 桁架 truss组合桁架 composite truss 框架 framework 模板 formwork 拱券 arch 穹顶 dome 平拱 flat arch筒拱 vault, vaulted roof 半圆穹顶 concha 瓦 shingle, tile 砖 brick瓷砖 ceramic tile 玻璃砖 glass blocks 大理石 marble花岗岩 granite 水磨石 terrazzo 砌块 masonry 混凝土 concrete预制混凝土 pre-cast concrete 钢筋混凝土 reinforced concrete 钢筋 steel reinforcement 水泥 cement抹灰，灰泥 plaster, stucco熟石灰 hydrate of lime, slaked-lime 砂浆 mortar抹灰层 floated coat 饰面 finish木砖 grounds, timber brick 石膏 gypsum 石膏板 plaster slab 夹胶玻璃 plyglass胶合板 plywood, clip-board 脚手架 scaffolding 悬臂 cantilever 叠涩，牛腿 corbel遮阳 sun shading ●制图与构图用语草图 sketch, draft 图纸 drawing 施工图 working drawings 工程 project 方案 plan 总图 grid 总平面 site 平面 floor 立面 elevation 正立面 facade 剖面 section 详图 detail门厅上部 upper foyer 比例尺 scale= 透视图，表现图 rendering 透视 perspective轴测 isometric perspective Axonometric projection 轴线 axis建筑面积 floor area, architecture area 相对标高 relative elevation/level 层高，净空 headroom, headway 室内 interior 室外 exterior室内装修 interior decoration 装饰 ornament广场 square, plaza, public square 流线 circulation 解构 deconstruction 空间 space, spatial 比例 proportion 统一 unity 均衡 balance 协调 harmony 尺度 scale 韵律 rhythm 风格 style 功能 function 关系 relationship..●房屋 House高层建筑 high-rise building 社区 housing complex 家舍 house 茅舍 cottage平房 one-story house ，bungalow ， plain-house 二楼 two-story house 公寓(建筑) apartment house 公寓(房间) apartment(flat)(英) 别墅 villa花园洋房 garden house 寄宿舍 dormitory(美) 供膳出租房间 board and lodging 出租房间 room for rent(美) 乡村旅舍 country inn 供膳寄宿舍 boardinghouse 大厦 mansions, edifice 大楼 building预制装配式房屋 pre-fabricate house 小木屋 shack 一个单元 one unit 车库 garage报告厅 auditorium, lecture hall 多功能厅 multi-use hall阅览室 browsing room, reading room 茶室 refreshment room 操作间 cab, utility room ●居住 Dwelling 套房 suit主人套房 master suit 门厅，前厅 lobby大厅 hall, main hall 过厅 gallery起居间 living RM ，family RM 聚会厅 gathering RM ，keeping RM 休息厅 lounge, sitting RM 客厅 parlor 衣帽间 cloakroom更衣、衣橱间 walk-in-closet, W.I.C. 厨房 kitchen餐厅 dinning room早餐厅 nook, breakfast room 食品、餐具间 pantry, butlery 浴室，洗手间 bathroom 盥洗室 toilet room卫生间 water closet, W.C . 前室，门厅 foyer 寝室，卧房 bedroom主人房 master bedroom 书斋，书房 study, library 工作室，画室 studio 私室，书斋 den化妆室 boudoir, dressing RM ,powder RM婴儿室 nursery 客房 guestroom 壁厨 closet, ambry 洗衣间 laundry room 地窖 cellar 储藏室 storage 健身房 exercise RM 服务入口 service entry 换鞋处 mud room 游艺室 games room 活动室 activities room 音乐室 music alcove 工人房 maid bedroom 台球室 billiards room 温室 greenhouse ●家具 Furniture方桌 square table 圆桌 round table 长方桌 rectangle table 伸缩桌 extension table 小桌 side table 凳子 stool 有肘的椅子 armchair 摇椅，安乐椅 rocking chair 藤椅 rattan chair 塑料椅 plastic chair 帆布椅 deck chair 折椅 folding chair 沙发 sofa 长椅 couch 桌子，餐桌 table玻璃桌子 glass table 塑料桌子 acrylic table 木制饭桌 wooden-table ●庭院 Yard家宅院 messuage门廊 porch, covered porch 敞廊 loggia前院 front yard(美)；forecourt 中院(英) court yard 后院 back-yard(美) 侧院 quiet yard 小庭院 garth天井 patio, patios, hypaethral 花园 garden 树篱 hedge 围场 enclosure 花架 arbor bower 草坪 lawn花坛 flowerbed 灌木 bush, brush 撒水器 sprinkler 假山 rockery亭子，阁楼 pavillion 小径 path 车道 driveway 游泳池 pool 围墙 fence ●前门 Front door会发谐音钟声的门 door chime 警报器 buzzer 门铃 doorbell 门环 doorknocker 窥孔 peephole 门把 knob 门柱 doorjamb 锁眼 keyhole转门 swinging door折门 fold-away (accordion) door●冷暖气 Cooling and heating 电风扇 electric fan煤气暖炉 gas heater (stove)石油暖炉 kerosene heater(=stove) 电暖炉 electric heater(=stove) 暖气片 panel heating 散热器 radiator 冷气机 air cooler空调机 air-conditioner中央暖气 central heating(system) 局部暖气 space heating ●几何名词 直线 line 曲线 curve 圆弧 arc 圆 circle 椭圆 ellipse 三角形 triangle 正方形 square 矩形 rectangle 多边形 polygon 螺旋线 spiral平行六面体 parallelepiped 球体 sphere 半球 hemisphere ●相关专业名称 结构 structure 电气 electric work 给排水 plumbing 暖通 HV AC,Heating/Ventilation/Air Condition 城市规划 city planning ●其他GRC 玻璃纤维增强复合材料 (Glass-fiber Reinforced Composite) PVC 聚氯乙烯建构 tectonic 风格 style古典主义 Classicalism 哥特复兴式 Gothic Revival 巴洛克风格 Baroque 洛可可 Rococo 文艺复兴 Renaissance 帕拉迪奥风格 Palladian 新艺术运动 Art Nouveau 理性主义 Rationalism 折衷主义 Eclecticism 粗野主义 Brutalism 风格主义 Mannerism 构成主义 Constructivism 国际主义风格 International Style 功能主义 Functionalism 表现主义 Expressionism 现代主义 Modernism 新古典主义 Neo-Classicism可持续建筑 Sustainable Architecture。
建设相关词汇英语
建设相关词汇英语建设是生产力发展的重要征兆，而现代化建设是推进国家经济、社会文明进程的重要途径。
因此，建设行业早已进入我们的生活，并涉及到众多的领域。
为了更好地与国际合作，我们需要一些能运用到建设行业领域的英语词汇。
本篇文档就为经常与建设相关领域打交道的读者介绍一些常见的建设相关词汇英语，分为以下几个方面。
建筑设计在建筑设计领域，以下是常用的建设相关词汇英语：•Architecture：建筑学•Architect：建筑师•Structural engineer：结构工程师•Blueprint：蓝图•Design：设计•Draftsman：绘图员•Floor plan：平面图•Elevation：标高•Section drawing：剖面图•Scale ：比例尺工程项目在工程项目领域，以下是常用的建设相关词汇英语：•Project management：项目管理•Construction management：建设管理•Contract：合同•Bid：投标•Procurement：采购•Budget：预算•Schedule：进度表•Supervision：监理•Quality control：质量控制材料和设备在材料和设备领域，以下是常用的建设相关词汇英语：•Material：材料•Equipment：设备•Steel：钢•Concrete：混凝土•Cement：水泥•Reinforcement：钢筋•Plumbing：管道•HVAC：暖通空调•Elevator：电梯建筑法律和行业规范在建筑法律和行业规范领域，以下是常用的建设相关词汇英语：•Building code：建筑法规•Zoning：分区•Permits：许可证•Inspection：检查•Liability：责任•Warranty：保修•Union：工会•Safety regulations：安全规定•Environmental regulations：环保法规建筑类型在建筑类型领域，以下是常用的建设相关词汇英语：•Residential building：住宅建筑•Commercial building：商业建筑•Public building：公共建筑•Industrial building：工业建筑•Sports facilities：体育设施•Infrastructure：基础设施•Roads and bridges：道路桥梁•Utility：公用事业建设行业领域是涉及众多领域的庞大系统，因此其中涉及的词汇也非常丰富。
英语建筑专业词汇
英语建筑专业词汇a. DESIGN BASIS 设计依据b. DESIGN STAGE 设计阶段c. CLIMATE CONDITION 气象条件d. GENERAL ROOM NAME 常用房间名称e. ROOFING & CEILING 屋面及天棚f. WALL(CLADDING) 墙体(外墙板)g. FLOOR & TRENCH 地面及地沟h. DOORS 、GLASS、WINDOWS & IRON MONGERY(HARDWARE)门、玻璃、窗及五金件I. STAIRCASE、LANDING & LIFT(ELEVAT OR)楼梯、休息平台及电梯j. BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND P HRASES 建筑材料词汇及短语【Bricks and Tiles 砖和瓦】【Lime, Sand and Stone 灰、砂和石】【Cement, Mortar and Concrete 水泥、砂浆和混凝土】【Facing And Plastering Materials 饰面及粉刷材料】【Asphalt (Bitumen) and Asbestos 沥青和石棉】【Timber 木材】【Metallic Materials 金属材料】【Non-Ferrous Metal 有色金属】【Anti-Corrosion Materials 防腐蚀材料】【Building Hardware 建筑五金】【Paint 油漆】k. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERMS 其它建筑术语【Discipline 专业】【Conventional Terms 一般通用名词】【Architectural Physics 建筑物理】【Name Of Professional role 职务名称】【Drafting 制图】a. DESIGN BASIS 设计依据计划建议书planning proposals设计任务书design order 标准规范standards and codes条件图information drawing设计基础资料basic data for design工艺流程图process flowchart工程地质资料engineering geological dat a原始资料original data设计进度schedule of designb. STAGE OF DESIGN 设计阶段方案scheme, draft草图sketch会谈纪要summary of discussion谈判negotiation可行性研究feasibility study初步设计preliminary design基础设计basic design详细设计detail design询价图enquiry drawing施工图working drawing, construction dr awing竣工图as built drawingc. CLIMATE CONDITION 气象条件日照sunshine风玫瑰wind rose主导风向prevailing wind direction最大(平均)风速maximum (mean) wind velocity风荷载wind load最大(平均)降雨量maximum (mean) rain fall雷击及闪电thunder and lightning飓风hurricane台风typhoon旋风cyclone降雨强度rainfall intensity年降雨量annual rainfall湿球温度wet bulb temperature干球温度dry bulb temperature冰冻期frost period冰冻线frost line冰冻区frost zone室外计算温度calculating outdoor temper ature采暖地区region with heating provision 不采暖地区region without heating provi sion绝对大气压absolute atmospheric pressu re相对湿度relative humidityd. GENERAL ROOM NAME 常用房间名称办公室office服务用房service room换班室shift room休息室rest room (break room)起居室living room浴室bathroom淋浴间shower更衣室locker room厕所lavatory门厅lobby诊室clinic工作间workshop电气开关室switchroom走廊corridor档案室archive电梯机房lift motor room车库garage清洁间cleaning room会议室(正式) conference room会议室meeting room衣柜间ward robe暖风间H.V.A.C room饭店restaurant餐厅canteen, dining room厨房kitchen入口entrance接待处reception area会计室accountant room秘书室secretary room电气室electrical room控制室control room 工长室foreman office开关柜室switch gear前室antecabinet (Ante.)生产区production area马达控制中心Mcc多功能用房utility room化验室laboratory room经理室manager room披屋(阁楼) penthouse警卫室guard housee. ROOFING AND CEILING 屋面及天棚女儿墙parapet雨蓬canopy屋脊roof ridge坡度slope坡跨比pitch分水线water-shed二毡三油2 layers of felt & 3 coats of bitumastic附加油毡一层extra ply of felt檐口eave挑檐overhanging eave檐沟eave gutter平屋面flat roof坡屋面pitched roof雨水管downspout, rain water pipe)(R.W. P)汇水面积catchment area泛水flashing内排水interior drainage外排水exterior drainage滴水drip屋面排水roof drainage找平层leveling course卷材屋面built-up roofing天棚ceiling檩条purlin屋面板roofing board天花板ceiling board防水层water-proof course检查孔inspection hole人孔manhole吊顶suspended ceiling, false ceiling檐板(窗帘盒) cornicef. WALL (CLADDING) 墙体(外墙板)砖墙brick wall砌块墙block wall清水砖墙brick wall without plastering 抹灰墙rendered wall石膏板墙gypsum board, plaster board 空心砖墙hollow brick wall承重墙bearing wall非承重墙non-bearing wall纵墙longitudinal wall横墙transverse wall外墙external (exterior) wall内墙internal (interior) wall填充墙filler wall防火墙fire wall窗间墙wall between window空心墙cavity wall压顶coping圈梁gird, girt, girth玻璃隔断glazed wall防潮层damp-proof course (D.P.C)遮阳板sunshade阳台balcony伸缩缝expansion joint沉降缝settlement joint抗震缝seismic joint复合夹心板sandwich board压型单板corrugated single steel plate 外墙板cladding panel复合板composite panel轻质隔断light-weight partition牛腿bracket砖烟囱brick chimney勒脚(基座) plinthg. FLOOR AND TRENCH 地面及地沟地坪grade地面和楼面ground and floor素土夯实rammed earth 炉渣夯实tamped cinder填土filled earth回填土夯实tamped backfill垫层bedding course, blinding面层covering, finish结合层bonding (binding) course找平层leveling course素水泥浆结合层neat cement binding co urse混凝土地面concrete floor水泥地面cement floor机器磨平混凝土地面machine trowelled c oncrete floor水磨石地面terrazzo flooring马赛克地面mosaic flooring瓷砖地面ceramic tile flooring油地毡地面linoleum flooring预制水磨石地面precast terrazzo floorin g硬木花地面hard-wood parquet flooring 搁栅joist硬木毛地面hard-wood rough flooring企口板地面tongued and grooved floorin g防酸地面acid-resistant floor钢筋混凝土楼板reinforced concrete slab (R.C Slab)乙烯基地面vinyl flooring水磨石嵌条divider strip for terrazzo地面做2％坡floor with 2% slope集水沟gully集水口gulley排水沟drainage trench沟盖板trench cover活动盖板removable cover plate集水坑sump pit孔翻边hole up stand电缆沟cable trenchh. DOORS,GLASS,WINDOWS & IRONMO NGERY(HARDWARE)门、玻璃、窗及五金件木(钢)门wooden (steel) door镶板门panelled door夹板门plywood door铝合金门aluminum alloy door卷帘门roller shutter door弹簧门swing door推拉门sliding door平开门side-hung door折叠门folding door旋转门revolving door玻璃门glazed door密闭门air-Tight door保温门thermal insulating door镀锌铁丝网门galvanized steel wire mes h door防火门fire door(大门上的)小门wicket门框door frame门扇door leaf门洞door opening结构开洞structural opening单扇门single door双扇门double door疏散门emergency door纱门screen door门槛door sill门过梁door lintel上冒头top rail下冒头bottom rail门边木stile门樘侧料side jumb槽口notch木窗wooden window钢窗steel window铝合金窗aluminum alloy window百叶窗(通风为主) sun-bind, louver (lou ver, shutter, blind)塑钢窗plastic steel window空腹钢窗hollow steel window固定窗fixed window平开窗side-hung window推拉窗sliding window气窗transom上悬窗top-hung window中悬窗center-pivoted window 下悬窗hopper window活动百叶窗adjustable louver天窗skylight老虎窗dormer window密封双层玻璃sealed double glazing钢筋混凝土过梁reinforced concrete linte l钢筋砖过梁reinforced brick lintel窗扇casement sash窗台window sill窗台板window board窗中梃mullion窗横木mutin窗边木stile压缝条cover mould窗帘盒curtain box合页(铰链) hinge (butts)转轴pivot长脚铰链parliament hinge闭门器door closer地弹簧floor closer插销bolt门锁door lock拉手pull链条chain门钩door hanger碰球ball latch窗钩window catch暗插销insert bolt电动开关器electric opener平板玻璃plate glass夹丝玻璃wire glass透明玻璃clear glass毛玻璃(磨砂玻璃) ground glass (frosted glass)防弹玻璃bullet-proof glass石英玻璃quartz glass吸热玻璃heat absorbing glass磨光玻璃polished glass着色玻璃pigmented glass玻璃瓦glass tile玻璃砖glass block有机玻璃organic glassI. STAIRCASE, LANDING & LIFT (ELEVA TOR) 楼梯、休息平台及电梯楼梯stair楼梯间staircase疏散梯emergency stair旋转梯spiral stair (circular stair)吊车梯crane ladder直爬梯vertical ladder踏步step扇形踏步winder (wheel step)踏步板tread档步板riser踏步宽度tread width防滑条non-slip insert (strips)栏杆railing (balustrade)平台栏杆platform railing吊装孔栏杆railing around mounting hol e扶手handrail梯段高度height of flight防护梯笼protecting cage (safety cage) 平台landing (platform)操作平台operating platform装卸平台platform for loading & unloadi ng楼梯平台stair landing客梯passenger lift货梯goods lift客/货两用梯goods/passenger lift液压电梯hydraulic lift自动扶梯escalator观光电梯observation elevator电梯机房lift mortar room电梯坑lift pit电梯井道lift shaftj. BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND P HRASES 建筑材料词汇及短语Bricks and Tiles 砖和瓦红砖red brick粘土砖clay brick瓷砖glazed brick (ceramic tile) 防火砖fire brick空心砖hollow brick面砖facing brick地板砖flooring tile缸砖clinkery brick马赛克mosaic陶粒混凝土ceramsite concrete琉璃瓦glazed tile脊瓦ridge tile石棉瓦asbestos tile (shingle)波形石棉水泥瓦corrugated asbestos ce ment sheetLime, Sand and Stone 灰、砂和石石膏gypsum大理石marble汉白玉white marble花岗岩granite碎石crushed stone毛石rubble蛭石vermiculite珍珠岩pearlite水磨石terrazzo卵石cobble砾石gravel粗砂course sand中砂medium sand细砂fine sandCement, Mortar and Concrete 水泥、砂浆和混凝土波特兰水泥(普通硅酸盐水泥) Portland ce ment硅酸盐水泥silicate cement火山灰水泥pozzolana cement白水泥white cement水泥砂浆cement mortar石灰砂浆lime mortar水泥石灰砂浆(混合砂浆) cement-lime mo rtar保温砂浆thermal mortar防水砂浆water-proof mortar耐酸砂浆acid-resistant mortar耐碱砂浆alkaline-resistant mortar沥青砂浆bituminous mortar纸筋灰paper strip mixed lime mortar麻刀灰hemp cut lime mortar灰缝mortar joint素混凝土plain concrete钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete轻质混凝土lightweight concrete细石混凝土fine aggregate concrete沥青混凝土asphalt concrete泡沫混凝土foamed concrete炉渣混凝土cinder concreteFacing And Plastering Materials 饰面及粉刷材料水刷石granitic plaster斩假石artificial stone刷浆lime wash可赛银casein大白浆white wash麻刀灰打底hemp cuts and lime as base喷大白浆两道sprayed twice with white wash分格抹水泥砂浆cement mortar plaster s ectioned板条抹灰lath and plasterAsphalt(Bitumen) and Asbestos 沥青和石棉沥青卷材asphalt felt沥青填料asphalt filler沥青胶泥asphalt grout冷底子油adhesive bitumen primer沥青玛啼脂asphaltic mastic沥青麻丝bitumastic oakum石棉板asbestos sheet石棉纤维asbestos fiberTimber 木材裂缝crack透裂split环裂shake干缩shrinkage翘曲warping原木log圆木round timber方木square timber板材plank木条batten 板条lath木板board红松red pine白松white pine落叶松deciduous pine云杉spruce柏木cypress白杨white poplar桦木birch冷杉fir栎木oak榴木willow榆木elm杉木cedar柚木teak樟木camphor wood防腐处理的木材preservative-treated lum ber胶合板plywood三(五)合板3(5)-plywood企口板tongued and grooved board层夹板laminated plank胶合层夹木材glue-laminated lumber纤维板fiber-board竹子bambooMetallic Materials 金属材料黑色金属ferrous metal圆钢steelbBar方钢square steel扁钢steel strap,flat steel型钢steel section (shape)槽钢channel角钢angle steel等边角钢equal-leg angle不等边角钢unequal-leg angle工字钢I-beam宽翼缘工字钢wide flange I-beam丁( 之)字钢T-bar (Z-bar)冷弯薄壁型钢light gauge cold-formed st eel shape热轧hot-rolled冷轧cold-rolled冷拉cold-drawn冷压cold-pressed合金钢alloy steel钛合金titanium alloy不锈钢stainless steel竹节钢筋corrugated steel bar变形钢筋deformed bar光圆钢筋plain round bar钢板steel plate薄钢板thin steel plate低碳钢low carbon steel冷弯cold bending钢管steel pipe (tube)无缝钢管seamless steel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe黑铁管iron pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe铸铁cast iron生铁pig iron熟铁wrought iron镀锌铁皮galvanized steel sheet镀锌铁丝galvanized steel wire钢丝网steel wire mesh多孔金属网expanded metal锰钢managanese steel高强度合金钢high strength alloy steel Non-Ferrous Metal 有色金属金gold白金platinum铜copper黄铜brass青铜bronze银silver铝aluminum铅leadAnti-Corrosion Materials 防腐蚀材料聚乙烯polythene, polyethylene尼龙nylon聚氯乙烯PVC (polyvinyl chloride)聚碳酸酯polycarbonate聚苯乙烯polystyrene丙烯酸树酯acrylic resin乙烯基酯vinyl ester橡胶内衬rubber lining氯丁橡胶neoprene沥青漆bitumen paint 环氧树脂漆epoxy resin paint氧化锌底漆zinc oxide primer防锈漆anti-rust paint耐酸漆acid-resistant paint耐碱漆alkali-resistant paint水玻璃sodium silicate树脂砂浆resin-bonded mortar环氧树脂epoxy resinBuilding Hardware 建筑五金钉子nails螺纹屋面钉spiral-threaded roofing nail 环纹石膏板钉annular-ring gypsum boar d nail螺丝screws平头螺丝flat-head screw螺栓bolt普通螺栓commercial bolt高强螺栓high strength bolt预埋螺栓insert bolt胀锚螺栓cinch bolt垫片washerPaint 油漆底漆primer防锈底漆rust-inhibitive primer防腐漆anti-corrosion paint调和漆mixed paint无光漆flat paint透明漆varnish银粉漆aluminum paint磁漆enamel paint干性油drying oil稀释剂thinner焦油tar沥青漆asphalt paint桐油tung oil, Chinese wood oil红丹red lead铅油lead oil腻子puttyk. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERMS 其它建筑术语Discipline 专业建筑architecture土木civil给排水water supply and drainage总图plot plan采暖通风H.V.A.C (heating、ventilation a nd air conditioning)电力供应electric power supply电气照明electric lighting电讯telecommunication仪表instrument热力供应heat power supply动力mechanical power工艺process technology管道pipingConventional Terms 一般通用名词建筑原理architectonics建筑形式architectural style民用建筑civil architecture城市建筑urban architecture农村建筑rural architecture农业建筑farm building工业建筑industrial building重工业的heavy industrial轻工业的light industrial古代建筑ancient architecture现代建筑modern architecture标准化建筑standardized buildings附属建筑auxiliary buildings城市规划city planning厂区内within site厂区外offsite封闭式closed type开敞式open type半开敞式semi-open type模数制modular system单位造价unit cost概算preliminary estimate承包商constructor, contractor现场site扩建extension改建reconstruction防火fire-prevention防震aseismatic, quake-proof防腐anti-corrosion防潮dump-proof 防水water-proof防尘dust-proof防锈rust-proof车流量traffic volume货流量freight traffic volume人流量pedestrian volume透视图perspective drawing建筑模型building model Architectural Physics 建筑物理照明illumination照度degree of illumination亮度brightness日照sunshine天然采光natural lighting光强light intensity侧光side light顶光top light眩光glaze方位角azimuth辐射radiation对流convection传导conduction遮阳sun-shade保温thermal insulation恒温constant temperature恒湿constant humidity噪音noise隔音sound-proof吸音sound absorption露点dew point隔汽vapor-proofName Of Professional role 职务名称项目经理project manager (PM)设计经理design manager首席建筑师principal architect总工程师chief engineer土木工程师civil engineer工艺工程师process engineer电气工程师electrical engineer机械工程师mechanical engineer计划工程师planning engineer助理工程师assistant engineer实习生probationer专家specialist, expert制图员draftsman技术员technicianDrafting 制图总说明general specification工程说明project specification采用标准规范目录list of standards and specification adopted图纸目录list of drawings平面图plan局部放大图detail with enlarged scale ．．．平面示意图schematic plan of... ．．．平剖面图sectional plan of...留孔平面图plan of provision of holes 剖面section纵剖面longitudinal section横剖面cross (transverse) section立面elevation正立面front elevation透视图perspective drawing侧立面side elevation背立面back elevation详图detail drawings典型节点typical detail节点号detail No.首页front page图纸目录及说明list of contents and des cription图例legend示意图diagram草图sketch荷载简图load diagram流程示意图flow diagram标准图standard drawing．．．布置图layout of ...地形图topographical map土方工程图earth-work drawing展开图developed drawing模板图formwork drawing配筋arrangement of reinforcement表格tables工程进度表working schedule技术经济指标technical and economical i ndex建、构筑物一览表list of buildings and st ructures编号coding序列号serial No.行和栏rows and columns 备注remarks等级grade直线straight Line曲线curves曲折线zigzag line虚线dotted line实线solid line影线hatching line点划线dot and dash line 轴线axis等高线contour Line中心线center Line双曲线hyperbola抛物线parabola切线tangent Line尺寸线dimension Line园形round环形annular方形square矩形rectangle平行四边形parallelogram 三角形triangle五角形pentagon六角形hexagon八角形octagon梯形trapezoid圆圈circle弓形sagment扇形sector球形的spherical抛物面paraboloid圆锥形cone椭圆形ellipse, oblong面积area体积volume容量capacity重量weight质量mass力force米meter厘米centimeter毫米millimeter公顷hectate牛顿/平方米Newton/square meter 千克/立方米kilogram/cubic meter 英尺foot英寸inch磅pound吨ton加仑gallon千磅kip平均尺寸average dimension变尺寸variable dimension外形尺寸overall dimension展开尺寸developed dimension内径inside diameter外径outside diameter净重net weight毛重gross weight数量quantity百分比percentage净空clearance净高headroom净距clear distance净跨clear span截面尺寸sectional dimension开间bay进深depth单跨single span双跨double span多跨multi-span标高elevation, level绝对标高absolute elevation设计标高designed elevation室外地面标高ground elevation室内地面标高floor elevation柱网column grid坐标coordinate厂区占地site area使用面积usable area辅助面积service area通道面积passage area管架pipe rack管廊pipeline gallery 架空管线overhead pipeline排水沟drain ditch集水坑sump pit喷泉fountain地漏floor drain消火栓fire hydrant灭火器fire extinguisher二氧化碳灭火器carbon dioxide extinguis her卤代烷灭火器halon extinguisher。
建筑英语单词有哪些
建筑英语单词有哪些建筑领域是一个广阔而复杂的领域，学习建筑英语单词对于从事建筑行业或者对建筑有兴趣的人来说是非常重要的。
本文将介绍一些常见的建筑英语单词，帮助读者扩充建筑词汇的范围。
1. 建筑材料在建筑领域，了解各种建筑材料的名称是很重要的。
以下是一些常见的建筑材料的英语单词：•砖头 - brick•混凝土 - concrete•石头 - stone•石膏 - gypsum•钢筋 - rebar•木材 - timber•玻璃 - glass•防火板 - fireproof board•钢铁 - steel2. 建筑构件建筑中的构件也有各自的英语单词。
以下是一些常见的建筑构件的英语单词：•地基 - foundation•墙壁 - wall•屋顶 - roof•地板 - floor•楼梯 - staircase•柱子 - column•梁 - beam•窗户 - window•门 - door•天花板 - ceiling3. 建筑结构建筑结构是指建筑物的整体结构，了解建筑结构的英语单词对于理解建筑的基本原理是非常重要的。
以下是一些常见的建筑结构的英语单词：•框架结构 - frame structure•钢结构 - steel structure•混凝土结构 - concrete structure•壳结构 - shell structure•悬挑结构 - cantilever structure•拱形结构 - arch structure•塔结构 - tower structure•桥梁 - bridge•隧道 - tunnel4. 建筑工艺建筑工艺是指在建筑过程中所采用的技术和方法。
了解建筑工艺的英语单词对于与专业人士交流是必不可少的。
以下是一些常见的建筑工艺的英语单词：•浇筑 - pour•施工 - construction•砌筑 - masonry•粉刷 - painting•拆除 - demolition•安装 - installation•维修 - maintenance•设计 - design•建筑标准 - building code•工程师 - engineer5. 建筑类型建筑领域有各种类型的建筑，每种建筑都有自己的特点和用途。
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英文土木工程专业词汇1. 工程结构building and civil engineering structures房屋建筑和土木工程的建筑物、构筑物及其相关组成部分的总称。
2. 工程结构设计design of building and civil engineering structures在工程结构的可靠与经济、适用与美观之间，选择一种最佳的合理的平衡，使所建造的结构能满足各种预定功能要求。
3. 房屋建筑工程building engineering一般称建筑工程，为新建、改建或扩建房屋建筑物和附属构筑物所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
4. 土木工程civil engineering除房屋建筑外，为新建、改建或扩建各类工程的建筑物、构筑物和相关配套设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
5. 公路工程highway engineering为新建或改建各级公路和相关配套设施等而进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
6. 铁路工程railway engineering为新建或改建铁路和相关配套设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
7. 港口与航道工程port ( harbour ) and waterway engineering为新建或改建港口与航道和相关配套设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
8. 水利工程hydraulic engineering为修建治理水患、开发利用水资源的各项建筑物、构筑物和相关配设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
9. 水利发电工程（水电工程）hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering以利用水能发电为主要任务的水利工程。
10. 建筑物（构筑物）construction works房屋建筑或土木工程中的单项工程实体。
11. 结构structure广义地指房屋建筑和土木工程的建筑物、构筑物及其相关组成部分的实体，狭义地指各种工程实体的承重骨架。
12. 基础foundation将建筑物、构筑物以及各种设施的上部结构所承受的各种作用和自重传递到地基的结构组成部分。
13. 地基foundation soil; subgrade; subbase; ground支承由基础传递或直接由上部结构传递的各种作用的土体或岩体。
未经加工处理的称为天然地基。
14. 木结构timber structure以木材为主制作的结构15. 砌体结构masonry structure以砌体为主制作的结构。
它包括砖结构、石结构和其它材料的砌块结构。
有无筋砌体结构和配筋砌体结构。
16. 钢结构steel structure以钢材为主制作的结构。
其中由带钢或钢板经冷加工形成的型材所制作的结构称冷弯薄壁型钢结构。
17. 混凝土（砼）结构concrete structure以混凝土为主制作的结构。
它包括素混凝土结构、钢筋混凝土结构和预应力混凝土结构等。
18. 特种工程结构special engineering structure指具有特种用途的建筑物、构筑物，如高耸结构，包括塔、烟囱、桅、海洋平台、容器、构架等各种结构。
19. 房屋建筑building在固定地点，为使用者或占用物提供庇护覆盖进行生活、生产或其它活动家的实体。
20. 工业建筑industrial building提供生产用的各种建筑物，如车间、厂前区建筑、生活间、动力站、库房和运输设施等。
21. 民用建筑civil building; civil architecture指非生产性的居住建筑和公共建筑，如住宅、办公楼、幼儿园、学校、食堂、影剧院、商店、体育馆、旅馆、医院、展览馆等。
22. 公路highway联结城市和乡村，主要供汽车或其它车辆行驶并具备一定技术标准和设施的道路。
23. 公路网highway network一定区域内相互连络、交织成网状分布的公路系统。
24. 高速公路freeway具有四条或四条以上车道，设有中央分隔带，并具有完善的交通安全设施、管理设施和服务设施，为全立交、全封闭，专供汽车高速行驶的公路。
25. 干线公路arterial highway在公路网中起骨干作用的公路，分国家干线（国道）、省干线（省道）。
26. 支线公路feeder highway在公路网中起连接作用的一般公路，即县（县道）和乡（乡道）等公路。
27. 铁路（铁道）railway; railroad用机车牵引运货或运旅客的车厢组成列车，在一定轨距的轨道上行驶的交通运输线路。
28. 标准轨距铁路standard gauge railway在直线地段，轨距为1435mm的铁路。
29. 宽轨距铁路broad gauge railway在直线地段，轨距大于1435mm的铁路。
30. 窄轨距铁路narrow gauge railway在直线地段，轨距小于1435mm的铁路。
31. 铁路枢纽railway terminal在铁路网点或网端，由几个协同作业的车站、引入线路和联络路线组成的综合体。
32. 铁路车站railway station设有各种用途的线路，并办理列车通过、到发、列车技术作业及客货运业务的分界点。
33. 港口port; harbour具有水陆联运条件和设施，供船舶安全进出和停泊以进行货物装卸作业或上下旅客以及军事用的交通运输枢纽。
34. 港口水工建筑物marine structure供港口正常生产作业的临水或水中建筑物。
35. 通航（过船）建筑物navigation structure; navigation construction在栏河闸、坝或急流卡口等所形成的水位集中落差处，为使船舶或排筏安全顺利地航驶而修建的水工建筑物。
36. 灯塔light house在海洋、江河和湖泊航线中，指引船舶安全行驶、识别方位并设有发光樗的塔形建筑物。
37. 水利water conservancy为控制或调整天然水在空间和时间上的分布，防治洪水和旱涝灾害，合理开发和利用水资源而进行的活动，如治河防洪，灌溉排水，水土保持，水力发电，内河航运与生活、工业、环境供水以及跨流域38. 水利枢纽multipurpose hydraulic project; key water-control project; hydro-junction为治理水患和开发利用水资源，在各种水域的一定范围内修建的若干座作用不同而相互配合的水工建筑物组成的综合体。
39. 水库reservoir为治理河流和开发水资源，在狭谷或丘陵地带河流上建档水坝，利用天然地形构成的蓄水设施。
40. 水工建筑物hydraulic structure; marine structure; maritime construction为水利、水利发电、港口与航道等工程修建的承受水作用的各种建筑物总称。
41. 档水建筑物water retaining structure; retaining works栏截水流、调蓄流量、壅高水位的水工建筑物。
42. 进水（取水）建筑物intake structure人河流、湖泊、水库等引进水流、控制流量、阻拦泥沙及漂浮物的水工建筑物。
43. 泄水建筑物outlet structure; outlet works; sluice works在水利枢纽或输水系统中，宣泄水量的水工建筑物。
44. 输水建筑物conveyance structure向供水目标输送水量的水工建筑物。
45. 整治建筑物rcgulating structure; training structure rectification structure为整治河流、航道、具有调整河床边界、改变水流结构、影响泥沙运动、控制河床演变等作用的水工建筑物。
46. 水电站hydro-electric station; hydropower station由河河湖海的沙滩有变为电能的各种设备及配套构筑物组成的综合体。
47. 水泵站（抽水站、扬水站、提水站）pump station设置抽水装置及其辅助设备，将水送往高处的配套建筑物。
48. 过木建筑物（过木设施）raftpass facility log pass facility供输送竹、木材通过闸、坝等挡水建筑物的工程设施。
49. 过钿建筑物（过钽设施）fishpass facility供鱼类通过拦河闸坝等挡水建筑物的工程设施。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------to build, to construct 建设,建筑,修建architecture 建筑学building 修筑,建筑物house 房子skyscraper 摩天大楼block of flats 公寓楼(美作:apartment block)monument 纪念碑palace 宫殿temple 庙宇basilica 皇宫,教堂cathedral 大教堂church 教堂tower 塔,塔楼ten-storey office block 十层办公大楼column 柱colonnade 柱列town planning 市政(美作:city planning)building permission 营建许可证,建筑开工许可证greenbelt 绿地elevation 建筑物的三面图plan 设计图scale 比例尺to prefabricate 预制excavation 挖土,掘土foundations 基to lay the foundations 打地基course of bricks 砌好的砖列scaffold 脚手架scaffolding 脚手架-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. 综合类大地工程geotechnical engineering反分析法back analysis method基础工程foundation engineering临界状态土力学critical state soil mechanics数值岩土力学numerical geomechanics土soil, earth土动力学soil dynamics土力学soil mechanics岩土工程geotechnical engineering应力路径stress path应力路径法stress path method2. 工程地质及勘察变质岩metamorphic rock标准冻深standard frost penetration冰川沉积glacial deposit冰积层（台）glacial deposit残积土eluvial soil, residual soil层理beding长石feldspar沉积岩sedimentary rock承压水confined water次生矿物secondary mineral地质年代geological age地质图geological map地下水groundwater断层fault断裂构造fracture structure工程地质勘察engineering geological exploration 海积层（台）marine deposit海相沉积marine deposit花岗岩granite滑坡landslide化石fossil化学沉积岩chemical sedimentary rock阶地terrace节理joint解理cleavage喀斯特karst矿物硬度hardness of minerals砾岩conglomerate流滑flow slide陆相沉积continental sedimentation泥石流mud flow, debris flow年粘土矿物clay minerals凝灰岩tuff牛轭湖ox-bow lake浅成岩hypabyssal rock潜水ground water侵入岩intrusive rock取土器geotome砂岩sandstone砂嘴spit, sand spit山岩压力rock pressure深成岩plutionic rock石灰岩limestone石英quartz松散堆积物rickle围限地下水（台）confined ground water泻湖lagoon岩爆rock burst岩层产状attitude of rock岩浆岩magmatic rock, igneous rock岩脉dike, dgke岩石风化程度degree of rock weathering岩石构造structure of rock岩石结构texture of rock岩体rock mass页岩shale原生矿物primary mineral云母mica造岩矿物rock-forming mineral褶皱fold, folding钻孔柱状图bore hole columnar section3. 土的分类饱和土saturated soil超固结土overconsolidated soil冲填土dredger fill充重塑土冻土frozen soil, tjaele非饱和土unsaturated soil分散性土dispersive soil粉土silt, mo粉质粘土silty clay高岭石kaolinite过压密土（台）overconsolidated soil红粘土red clay, adamic earth黄土loess, huangtu(China)蒙脱石montmorillonite泥炭peat, bog muck年粘土clay年粘性土cohesive soil, clayey soil膨胀土expansive soil, swelling soil欠固结粘土underconsolidated soil区域性土zonal soil人工填土fill, artificial soil软粘土soft clay, mildclay, mickle砂土sand湿陷性黄土collapsible loess, slumping loess素填土plain fill塑性图plasticity chart碎石土stone, break stone, broken stone, channery, chat, crushed stone, deritus 未压密土（台）underconsolidated clay无粘性土cohesionless soil, frictional soil, non-cohesive soil岩石rock伊利土illite有机质土organic soil淤泥muck, gyttja, mire, slush淤泥质土mucky soil原状土undisturbed soil杂填土miscellaneous fill正常固结土normally consolidated soil正常压密土（台）normally consolidated soil自重湿陷性黄土self weight collapse loess4. 土的物理性质阿太堡界限Atterberg limits饱和度degree of saturation饱和密度saturated density饱和重度saturated unit weight比重specific gravity稠度consistency不均匀系数coefficient of uniformity, uniformity coefficient触变thixotropy单粒结构single-grained structure蜂窝结构honeycomb structure干重度dry unit weight干密度dry density塑性指数plasticity index含水量water content, moisture content活性指数级配gradation, grading结合水bound water, combined water, held water界限含水量Atterberg limits颗粒级配particle size distribution of soils, mechanical composition of soil可塑性plasticity孔隙比void ratio孔隙率porosity粒度granularity, grainness, grainage粒组fraction, size fraction毛细管水capillary water密度density密实度compactionness年粘性土的灵敏度sensitivity of cohesive soil平均粒径mean diameter, average grain diameter曲率系数coefficient of curvature三相图block diagram, skeletal diagram, three phase diagram三相土tri-phase soil湿陷起始应力initial collapse pressure湿陷系数coefficient of collapsibility缩限shrinkage limit土的构造soil texture土的结构soil structure土粒相对密度specific density of solid particles土中气air in soil土中水water in soil团粒aggregate, cumularpharolith限定粒径constrained diameter相对密度relative density, density index相对压密度relative compaction, compacting factor, percent compaction, coefficient of compaction 絮状结构flocculent structure压密系数coefficient of consolidation压缩性compressibility液限liquid limit液性指数liquidity index游离水（台）free water有效粒径effective diameter, effective grain size, effective size有效密度effective density有效重度effective unit weight重力密度unit weight自由水free water, gravitational water, groundwater, phreatic water 组构fabric最大干密度maximum dry density最优含水量optimum water content5. 渗透性和渗流达西定律Darcy s law管涌piping浸润线phreatic line临界水力梯度critical hydraulic gradient流函数flow function流土flowing soil流网flow net砂沸sand boiling渗流seepage渗流量seepage discharge渗流速度seepage velocity渗透力seepage force渗透破坏seepage failure渗透系数coefficient of permeability渗透性permeability势函数potential function水力梯度hydraulic gradient6. 地基应力和变形变形deformation变形模量modulus of deformation泊松比Poisson s ratio布西涅斯克解Boussinnesq s solution残余变形residual deformation残余孔隙水压力residual pore water pressure超静孔隙水压力excess pore water pressure沉降settlement沉降比settlement ratio次固结沉降secondary consolidation settlement次固结系数coefficient of secondary consolidation地基沉降的弹性力学公式elastic formula for settlement calculation分层总和法layerwise summation method负孔隙水压力negative pore water pressure附加应力superimposed stress割线模量secant modulus固结沉降consolidation settlement规范沉降计算法settlement calculation by specification回弹变形rebound deformation回弹模量modulus of resilience回弹系数coefficient of resilience回弹指数swelling index建筑物的地基变形允许值allowable settlement of building剪胀dilatation角点法corner-points method孔隙气压力pore air pressure孔隙水压力pore water pressure孔隙压力系数Apore pressure parameter A孔隙压力系数Bpore pressure parameter B明德林解Mindlin s solution纽马克感应图Newmark chart切线模量tangent modulus蠕变creep三向变形条件下的固结沉降three-dimensional consolidation settlement 瞬时沉降immediate settlement塑性变形plastic deformation谈弹性变形elastic deformation谈弹性模量elastic modulus谈弹性平衡状态state of elastic equilibrium体积变形模量volumetric deformation modulus先期固结压力preconsolidation pressure压缩层压缩模量modulus of compressibility压缩系数coefficient of compressibility压缩性compressibility压缩指数compression index有效应力effective stress自重应力self-weight stress总应力total stress approach of shear strength最终沉降final settlement7. 固结巴隆固结理论Barron s consolidation theory比奥固结理论Biot s consolidation theory超固结比over-consolidation ratio超静孔隙水压力excess pore water pressure次固结secondary consolidation次压缩（台）secondary consolidatin单向度压密（台）one-dimensional consolidation多维固结multi-dimensional consolidation固结consolidation固结度degree of consolidation固结理论theory of consolidation固结曲线consolidation curve固结速率rate of consolidation固结系数coefficient of consolidation固结压力consolidation pressure回弹曲线rebound curve井径比drain spacing ratio井阻well resistance曼代尔－克雷尔效应Mandel-Cryer effect潜变（台）creep砂井sand drain砂井地基平均固结度average degree of consolidation of sand-drained ground 时间对数拟合法logrithm of time fitting method时间因子time factor太沙基固结理论Terzaghi s consolidation theory太沙基－伦杜列克扩散方程Terzaghi-Rendulic diffusion equation先期固结压力preconsolidation pressure压密（台）consolidation压密度（台）degree of consolidation压缩曲线cpmpression curve一维固结one dimensional consolidation有效应力原理principle of effective stress预压密压力（台）preconsolidation pressure原始压缩曲线virgin compression curve再压缩曲线recompression curve主固结primary consolidation主压密（台）primary consolidation准固结压力pseudo-consolidation pressureK0固结consolidation under K0 condition8. 抗剪强度安息角（台）angle of repose不排水抗剪强度undrained shear strength残余内摩擦角residual angle of internal friction残余强度residual strength长期强度long-term strength单轴抗拉强度uniaxial tension test动强度dynamic strength of soils峰值强度peak strength伏斯列夫参数Hvorslev parameter剪切应变速率shear strain rate抗剪强度shear strength抗剪强度参数shear strength parameter抗剪强度有效应力法effective stress approach of shear strength 抗剪强度总应力法total stress approach of shear strength库仑方程Coulomb s equation摩尔包线Mohr s envelope摩尔－库仑理论Mohr-Coulomb theory内摩擦角angle of internal friction年粘聚力cohesion破裂角angle of rupture破坏准则failure criterion十字板抗剪强度vane strength无侧限抗压强度unconfined compression strength有效内摩擦角effective angle of internal friction有效粘聚力effective cohesion intercept有效应力破坏包线effective stress failure envelope有效应力强度参数effective stress strength parameter有效应力原理principle of effective stress真内摩擦角true angle internal friction真粘聚力true cohesion总应力破坏包线total stress failure envelope总应力强度参数total stress strength parameter9. 本构模型本构模型constitutive model边界面模型boundary surface model层向各向同性体模型cross anisotropic model超弹性模型hyperelastic model德鲁克－普拉格准则Drucker-Prager criterion邓肯－张模型Duncan-Chang model动剪切强度非线性弹性模量nonlinear elastic model盖帽模型cap model刚塑性模型rigid plastic model割线模量secant modulus广义冯·米赛斯屈服准则extended von Mises yield criterion 广义特雷斯卡屈服准则extended tresca yield criterion加工软化work softening加工硬化work hardening加工硬化定律strain harding law剑桥模型Cambridge model柯西弹性模型Cauchy elastic model拉特－邓肯模型Lade-Duncan model拉特屈服准则Lade yield criterion理想弹塑性模型ideal elastoplastic model临界状态弹塑性模型critical state elastoplastic model流变学模型rheological model流动规则flow rule摩尔－库仑屈服准则Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion内蕴时间塑性模型endochronic plastic model内蕴时间塑性理论endochronic theory年粘弹性模型viscoelastic model切线模量tangent modulus清华弹塑性模型Tsinghua elastoplastic model屈服面yield surface沈珠江三重屈服面模型Shen Zhujiang three yield surface method双参数地基模型双剪应力屈服模型twin shear stress yield criterion双曲线模型hyperbolic model松岗元－中井屈服准则Matsuoka-Nakai yield criterion塑性形变理论谈弹塑性模量矩阵elastoplastic modulus matrix谈弹塑性模型elastoplastic modulus谈弹塑性增量理论incremental elastoplastic theory谈弹性半空间地基模型elastic half-space foundation model谈弹性变形elastic deformation谈弹性模量elastic modulus谈弹性模型elastic model魏汝龙－Khosla－Wu模型Wei Rulong-Khosla-Wu model文克尔地基模型Winkler foundation model修正剑桥模型modified cambridge model准弹性模型hypoelastic model10. 地基承载力冲剪破坏punching shear failure次层（台）substratum地基subgrade, ground, foundation soil地基承载力bearing capacity of foundation soil地基极限承载力ultimate bearing capacity of foundation soil地基允许承载力allowable bearing capacity of foundation soil地基稳定性stability of foundation soil汉森地基承载力公式Hansen s ultimate bearing capacity formula极限平衡状态state of limit equilibrium加州承载比（美国）California Bearing Ratio局部剪切破坏local shear failure临塑荷载critical edge pressure梅耶霍夫极限承载力公式Meyerhof s ultimate bearing capacity formula 普朗特承载力理论Prandel bearing capacity theory斯肯普顿极限承载力公式Skempton s ultimate bearing capacity formula太沙基承载力理论Terzaghi bearing capacity theory魏锡克极限承载力公式Vesic s ultimate bearing capacity formula整体剪切破坏general shear failure11. 土压力被动土压力passive earth pressure被动土压力系数coefficient of passive earth pressure极限平衡状态state of limit equilibrium静止土压力earth pressue at rest静止土压力系数coefficient of earth pressur at rest库仑土压力理论Coulomb s earth pressure theory库尔曼图解法Culmannn construction朗肯土压力理论Rankine s earth pressure theory朗肯状态Rankine state谈弹性平衡状态state of elastic equilibrium土压力earth pressure主动土压力active earth pressure主动土压力系数coefficient of active earth pressure12. 土坡稳定分析安息角（台）angle of repose分析毕肖普法Bishop method分析边坡稳定安全系数safety factor of slope分析不平衡推理传递法unbalanced thrust transmission method分析费伦纽斯条分法Fellenius method of slices分析库尔曼法Culmann method分析摩擦圆法friction circle method分析摩根斯坦－普拉斯法Morgenstern-Price method分析铅直边坡的临界高度critical height of vertical slope分析瑞典圆弧滑动法Swedish circle method分析斯宾赛法Spencer method分析泰勒法Taylor method分析条分法slice method分析土坡slope分析土坡稳定分析slope stability analysis分析土坡稳定极限分析法limit analysis method of slope stability分析土坡稳定极限平衡法limit equilibrium method of slope stability 分析休止角angle of repose分析扬布普遍条分法Janbu general slice method分析圆弧分析法circular arc analysis13. 土的动力性质比阻尼容量specific gravity capacity波的弥散特性dispersion of waves波速法wave velocity method材料阻尼material damping初始液化initial liquefaction地基固有周期natural period of soil site动剪切模量dynamic shear modulus of soils动力布西涅斯克解dynamic solution of Boussinesq 动力放大因素dynamic magnification factor动力性质dynamic properties of soils动强度dynamic strength of soils骨架波akeleton waves in soils几何阻尼geometric damping抗液化强度liquefaction stress孔隙流体波fluid wave in soil损耗角loss angle往返活动性reciprocating activity无量纲频率dimensionless frequency液化liquefaction液化势评价evaluation of liquefaction potential液化应力比stress ratio of liquefaction应力波stress waves in soils振陷dynamic settlement阻尼damping of soil阻尼比damping ratio14. 挡土墙挡土墙retaining wall挡土墙排水设施挡土墙稳定性stability of retaining wall垛式挡土墙扶垛式挡土墙counterfort retaining wall后垛墙（台）counterfort retaining wall基础墙foundation wall加筋土挡墙reinforced earth bulkhead锚定板挡土墙anchored plate retaining wall锚定式板桩墙anchored sheet pile wall锚杆式挡土墙anchor rod retaining wall悬壁式板桩墙cantilever sheet pile wall悬壁式挡土墙cantilever sheet pile wall重力式挡土墙gravity retaining wall15. 板桩结构物板桩sheet pile物板桩结构sheet pile structure物钢板桩steel sheet pile物钢筋混凝土板桩reinforced concrete sheet pile 物钢桩steel pile物灌注桩cast-in-place pile物拉杆tie rod物锚定式板桩墙anchored sheet pile wall物锚固技术anchoring物锚座Anchorage物木板桩wooden sheet pile物木桩timber piles物悬壁式板桩墙cantilever sheet pile wall16. 基坑开挖与降水板桩围护sheet pile-braced cuts电渗法electro-osmotic drainage管涌piping基底隆起heave of base基坑降水dewatering基坑失稳instability (failure) of foundation pit基坑围护bracing of foundation pit减压井relief well降低地下水位法dewatering method井点系统well point system喷射井点eductor well point铅直边坡的临界高度critical height of vertical slope砂沸sand boiling深井点deep well point真空井点vacuum well point支撑围护braced cuts17. 浅基础补偿性基础compensated foundation持力层bearing stratum次层（台）substratum单独基础individual footing倒梁法inverted beam method刚性角pressure distribution angle of masonary foundation 刚性基础rigid foundation高杯口基础基础埋置深度embeded depth of foundation基床系数coefficient of subgrade reaction基底附加应力net foundation pressure交叉条形基础cross strip footing接触压力contact pressure静定分析法（浅基础）static analysis (shallow foundation) 壳体基础shell foundation扩展基础spread footing片筏基础mat foundation浅基础shallow foundation墙下条形基础热摩奇金法Zemochkin s method柔性基础flexible foundation上部结构－基础－土共同作用分析structure- foundation-soil interactionanalysis 谈弹性地基梁（板）分析analysis of beams and slabs on elastic foundation条形基础strip footing下卧层substratum箱形基础box foundation18. 深基础贝诺托灌注桩Benoto cast-in-place pile波动方程分析Wave equation analysis场铸桩（台)cast-in-place pile沉管灌注桩diving casting cast-in-place pile沉井基础open-end caisson foundation沉箱基础box caisson foundation成孔灌注同步桩synchronous pile承台pile caps充盈系数fullness coefficient单桩承载力bearing capacity of single pile单桩横向极限承载力ultimate lateral resistance of single pile单桩竖向抗拔极限承载力vertical ultimate uplift resistance of single pile单桩竖向抗压容许承载力vertical ultimate carrying capacity of single pile单桩竖向抗压极限承载力vertical allowable load capacity of single pile低桩承台low pile cap地下连续墙diaphgram wall点承桩（台）end-bearing pile动力打桩公式dynamic pile driving formula端承桩end-bearing pile法兰基灌注桩Franki pile负摩擦力negative skin friction of pile钢筋混凝土预制桩precast reinforced concrete piles钢桩steel pile高桩承台high-rise pile cap灌注桩cast-in-place pile横向载荷桩laterally loaded vertical piles护壁泥浆slurry coat method回转钻孔灌注桩rotatory boring cast-in-place pile静力压桩silent piling抗拔桩uplift pile抗滑桩anti-slide pile摩擦桩friction pile木桩timber piles嵌岩灌注桩piles set into rock群桩pile groups群桩效率系数efficiency factor of pile groups群桩效应efficiency of pile groups群桩竖向极限承载力vertical ultimate load capacity of pile groups 深基础deep foundation竖直群桩横向极限承载力无桩靴夯扩灌注桩rammed bulb ile桩piles桩基动测技术dynamic pile test钻孔墩基础drilled-pier foundation钻孔扩底灌注桩under-reamed bored pile钻孔压注桩starsol enbesol pile最后贯入度final set19. 地基处理表层压密法surface compaction超载预压surcharge preloading袋装砂井sand wick地工织物geofabric, geotextile地基处理ground treatment, foundation treatment电动化学灌浆electrochemical grouting电渗法electro-osmotic drainage顶升纠偏法定喷directional jet grouting冻土地基处理frozen foundation improvement短桩处理treatment with short pile堆载预压法preloading粉体喷射深层搅拌法powder deep mixing method复合地基composite foundation干振成孔灌注桩vibratory bored pile高压喷射注浆法jet grounting灌浆材料injection material灌浆法grouting硅化法silicification夯实桩compacting pile化学灌浆chemical grouting换填法cushion灰土桩lime soil pile挤密灌浆compaction grouting挤密桩compaction pile, compacted column挤淤法displacement method加筋法reinforcement method加筋土reinforced earth碱液法soda solution grouting浆液深层搅拌法grout deep mixing method降低地下水位法dewatering method坑式托换pit underpinning冷热处理法freezing and heating锚固技术anchoring锚杆静压桩托换anchor pile underpinning排水固结法consolidation膨胀土地基处理expansive foundation treatment劈裂灌浆fracture grouting浅层处理shallow treatment强夯法dynamic compaction人工地基artificial foundation容许灌浆压力allowable grouting pressure褥垫pillow软土地基soft clay ground砂井sand drain砂井地基平均固结度average degree of consolidation of sand-drained ground 砂桩sand column山区地基处理foundation treatment in mountain area深层搅拌法deep mixing method渗入性灌浆seep-in grouting湿陷性黄土地基处理collapsible loess treatment石灰系深层搅拌法lime deep mixing method石灰桩lime column, limepile树根桩root pile水泥土水泥掺合比cement mixing ratio水泥系深层搅拌法cement deep mixing method水平旋喷horizontal jet grouting塑料排水带plastic drain碎石桩gravel pile, stone pillar天然地基natural foundation土工聚合物Geopolymer土工织物geofabric, geotextile土桩earth pile托换技术underpinning technique外掺剂additive旋喷jet grouting药液灌浆chemical grouting预浸水法presoaking预压法preloading真空预压vacuum preloading振冲法vibroflotation method振冲密实法vibro-compaction振冲碎石桩vibro replacement stone column振冲置换法vibro-replacement振密、挤密法vibro-densification, compacting置换率（复合地基）replacement ratio重锤夯实法tamping桩式托换pile underpinning桩土应力比stress ratio20. 动力机器基础比阻尼容量specific gravity capacity等效集总参数法constant strain rate consolidation test地基固有周期natural period of soil site动基床反力法dynamic subgrade reaction method动力放大因素dynamic magnification factor隔振isolation基础振动foundation vibration基础振动半空间理论elastic half-space theory of foundation vibration 基础振动容许振幅allowable amplitude of foundation vibration基础自振频率natural frequency of foundation集总参数法lumped parameter method吸收系数absorption coefficient质量－弹簧－阻尼器系统mass-spring-dushpot system21. 地基基础抗震地基固有周期natural period of soil site地震earthquake, seism, temblor地震持续时间duration of earthquake地震等效均匀剪应力equivalent even shear stress of earthquake地震反应谱earthquake response spectrum地震烈度earthquake intensity地震震级earthquake magnitude地震卓越周期seismic predominant period地震最大加速度maximum acceleration of earthquake动力放大因数dynamic magnification factor对数递减率logrithmic decrement刚性系数coefficient of rigidity吸收系数absorption coefficient22. 室内土工试验比重试验specific gravity test变水头渗透试验falling head permeability test不固结不排水试验unconsolidated-undrained triaxial test常规固结试验routine consolidation test常水头渗透试验constant head permeability test单剪仪simple shear apparatus单轴拉伸试验uniaxial tensile test等速加荷固结试验constant loading rate consolidatin test等梯度固结试验constant gradient consolidation test等应变速率固结试验equivalent lumped parameter method反复直剪强度试验repeated direct shear test反压饱和法back pressure saturation method高压固结试验high pressure consolidation test各向不等压固结不排水试验consoidated anisotropically undrained test各向不等压固结排水试验consolidated anisotropically drained test共振柱试验resonant column test固结不排水试验consolidated undrained triaxial test固结快剪试验consolidated quick direct shear test固结排水试验consolidated drained triaxial test固结试验consolidation test含水量试验water content test环剪试验ring shear test黄土湿陷试验loess collapsibility test界限含水量试验Atterberg limits test卡萨格兰德法Casagrande s method颗粒分析试验grain size analysis test孔隙水压力消散试验pore pressure dissipation test快剪试验quick direct shear test快速固结试验fast consolidation test离心模型试验centrifugal model test连续加荷固结试验continual loading test慢剪试验consolidated drained direct shear test毛细管上升高度试验capillary rise test密度试验density test扭剪仪torsion shear apparatus膨胀率试验swelling rate test平面应变仪plane strain apparatus三轴伸长试验triaxial extension test三轴压缩试验triaxial compression test砂的相对密实度试验sand relative density test筛分析sieve analysis渗透试验permeability test湿化试验slaking test收缩试验shrinkage test塑限试验plastic limit test缩限试验shrinkage limit test土工模型试验geotechnical model test土工织物试验geotextile test无侧限抗压强度试验unconfined compression strength test无粘性土天然坡角试验angle of repose of cohesionless soils test压密不排水三轴压缩试验consolidated undrained triaxial compression test 压密排水三轴压缩试验consolidated drained triaxial compressure test压密试验consolidation test液塑限联合测定法liquid-plastic limit combined method====Word行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删====液限试验liquid limit test应变控制式三轴压缩仪strain control triaxial compression apparatus应力控制式三轴压缩仪stress control triaxial compression apparatus有机质含量试验organic matter content test真三轴仪true triaxial apparatus振动单剪试验dynamic simple shear test直剪仪direct shear apparatus直接剪切试验direct shear test直接单剪试验direct simple shear test自振柱试验free vibration column testK0固结不排水试验K0 consolidated undrained testK0固结排水试验K0 consolidated drained test23. 原位测试标准贯入试验standard penetration test表面波试验surface wave test超声波试验ultrasonic wave test承载比试验Califonia Bearing Ratio Test单桩横向载荷试验lateral load test of pile单桩竖向静载荷试验static load test of pile动力触探试验dynamic penetration test静力触探试验static cone penetration test静力载荷试验plate loading test跨孔试验cross-hole test块体共振试验block resonant test螺旋板载荷试验screw plate test旁压试验pressurementer test轻便触探试验light sounding test深层沉降观测deep settlement measurement十字板剪切试验vane shear test无损检测nondestructive testing下孔法试验down-hole test现场渗透试验field permeability test原位孔隙水压力量测in situ pore water pressure measurement原位试验in-situ soil test最后贯入度final set源-于-网-络-收-集。