丁言仁《英语语言学纲要》配套题库-考研真题精选【圣才出品】
胡壮麟《语言学教程》考研真题精选(选择题)【圣才出品】

二、选择题1. The maxim of_____ requires that a participant’s contribution be relevant to the conversation.(对外经贸2015研)A. quantityB. qualityC. mannerD. relation【答案】D【解析】在语言学中,The Cooperative Principles(合作原则)包括:Quantity Maxim(数量准则);Quality Maxim(质量准则);Relation Maxim(关系准则);MannerMaxim(方式准则)。
其中关系准则要求说话要贴切,要有关联(be relevant),不答非所问。
因此答案选D。
2. Derivational morpheme contrasts sharply with inflectional morpheme in that the former changes the _____ while the latter does not.(北二外2017研)A. meaningB. word classC. formD. speech sound【答案】B【解析】morpheme语素,分为自由语素和黏着语素,其中黏着语素包括词根和词缀两种类型,词缀分为派生词缀(derivational affixes)和屈折词缀(inflectional affixes)。
派生词缀黏附在词根语素上构成新词,也即增加了新的词汇义内容或改变了词的类别归属。
屈折词缀只能改变一个词的形式,不能构成新词。
也即屈折词缀增加的是表示句法范畴的意义,并且总是不改变词的类别归属。
即两者重要区别在于是否改变了词的类别,故B为正确答案。
3. “Wife”, which used to refer to any woman, stands for “a married woman” inmodern English. This phenomenon is known as _____.(西安交大2008研)A. semantic shiftB. semantic broadeningC. semantic elevationD. semantic narrowing【答案】D【解析】词义缩小是指原来的词义缩小或被限制到某个明确的意义上。
张华《课程与教学论》配套题库【考研真题精选+章节题库】(5-8章)【圣才出品】

第5章课程与教学的组织一、单项选择题1.螺旋式课程的最初倡导者是()。
A.英国教育家洛克B.美国著名心理学家、教育学家布鲁纳C.捷克教育家夸美纽斯D.美国教育学者凯勒【答案】B【解析】布鲁纳在《教育过程》中提出了螺旋式课程。
螺旋式课程就是以与儿童思维方式相符的形式将学科结构置于课程的中心地位,随着年级的提升,不断拓广加深学科的基本结构,使之在课程中呈螺旋式上升的态势。
2.杜威的“附带学习”与()为隐性课程的深入研究打下了最初的基础。
A.克伯屈的“主学习”B.克伯屈的“副学习”C.克伯屈的“附学习”D.克伯屈的“相关学习”【答案】C【解析】杜威的“附带学习”与克伯屈的“附学习”已经提出了后来的隐性课程研究所涉及的许多重要问题,这为隐性课程的深入研究打下了最好的基础。
3.美国著名教育学家()从结构功能主义立场首次提出了“隐性课程”这一概念。
A.布鲁姆B.奥苏伯尔C.布鲁纳D.杰克逊【答案】D【解析】隐性课程一词是由美国学者杰克逊于1968年在其《教室生活》一书中首次提出来的。
它是与显性课程相对应的一个概念。
如果说显性课程是学校教育中有计划、有组织地实施的“正式课程”或叫作正规课程或官方课程的话,那么隐性课程则是学生在学习环境(包括物质环境、社会环境和文化体系)中所学习到的非预期或非计划的知识、价值观念、规范和态度,具有“潜在性”。
4.学生在学习环境中所学习到的非预期或非计划性的知识、价值观念,规范和态度是()。
A.显性课程B.隐性课程C.实际课程D.官方课程【答案】B【解析】隐性课程也称潜在课程,是指非正式的、非官方的课程,是学生在学习环境中所学习到的非预期的或非计划性的知识、价值观念、规范和态度,是计划表上看不到的课程。
5.宏观层面的教学组织是()。
A.个别化教学B.同步学习C.个别学习D.分组学习【答案】A【解析】对教学组织,可从宏观和微观两个层面来理解:①宏观层面的教学组织是教师与学生从事教学活动的一般化的、比较稳定的外部组织形式或框架,可区分为班级授课组织和个别化教学组织两类基本教学组织形式;②微观层面的教学组织即比较灵活的具体的教学过程的组织,可区分为“同步学习”、“分组学习”、“个别学习”。
全国自考《现代语言学》历年真题及详解【圣才出品】

全国⾃考《现代语⾔学》历年真题及详解【圣才出品】2015年10⽉全国⾃考《现代语⾔学》真题及详解课程代码:00830选择题部分I.Directions:Read each of the following statements carefully.Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and blacken the corresponding letter A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(2%×10=20%)1.A study of the features of the English language used in Charles Dickens’time can be regarded as a _____study.A.diachronicB.prescriptiveC.synchronicD.historical【答案】C【解析】研究某⼀时期的语⾔特征属于共时研究,故选C项。
2.Of the following consonants,_____is dental.A.[t]B.[p]C.[?]D.[θ]【答案】D【解析】[θ]是⾆齿⾳,故D项正确。
[t]是齿龈⾳(alveolar),[p]爆破⾳(plosive),[?]是腭⾳(palatal)。
3.The inflectional morpheme in the word“deforestated”is_____.A.de-B.forestC.-ateD.-ed【答案】D【解析】曲折词素指的是不改变单词意思⽽改变单词词性的词素,-ed将单词由动词变为形容词,属于曲折词素,故D项正确。
de-和-ate是派⽣词素,forest是词根。
4.The syntactic rules of any language are_____in number,and yet there is no limit to the number of sentences native speakers of that language are able to produce and comprehend.A.finiteB.non-finiteC.infiniteD.definite【答案】A【解析】任何语⾔的句法规则都是有限的,但是⼈们能够制造并理解⽆数句⼦,这是由语⾔的递归性和⼆重性决定的,故A项正确。
George Yule《语言研究》(第2版)章节题库(含名校考研真题)-第4章 动物与人类语言【圣才

第4章动物与人类语言I. Fill in the blanks.1. In Sau ssure’s view, the relationship between signifier(sound image) and signified (concept) is ______.(北二外2005研)【答案】Arbitrary【解析】索绪尔认为符号的形式或声音与其意义之间没有逻辑联系,所以两者之间的关系是任意的。
2. The features that define our human languages can be called _____ features.(北二外2006研)【答案】Design【解析】人类语言区别于其他动物交流系统的特点是语言的区别特征,是人类语言特有的特征。
3. Human languages enable their users to symbolize objects, events and concepts which are not present (in time and space) at the moment of communication. This quality is labeled as ______.(北二外2007研)【答案】Displacement【解析】移位性是指人类语言可以让使用者在交际时用语言符号代表时间和空间上不可及的物体、事件和观点。
4. Halliday proposes a theory of metafunctions of language, that is, language has ______, interpersonal and textual functions.(中山大学2008研)【答案】ideational【解析】韩理德将儿童的语言功能范围逐渐缩小,简化成为一套高度符号化和抽象化的功能:概念、人际、语篇功能。
5. Our language can be used to talk about itself. This is the ______ function of language.(中山大学2005研)【答案】metalingual【解析】语言的元语言功能是指语言可以用来讨论语言本身。
邢福义《语言学概论》配套题库-章节题库-第2章 语音学【圣才出品】

第2章语音学一、填空题1.[i u y]这三个元音可以用、两个特征区别开来。
[北京师范大学2012年考研]【答案】唇形的圆展、舌位的前后【解析】[i]是舌面前、高、不圆唇元音;[u]是舌面后、高、圆唇元音;[y]是舌面前、高、圆唇元音,通过唇形的圆展可以区别[i]和[u][y],通过舌位的前后可以区别[u]和[y]。
2普通话[dəŋ²¹a](等啊)在口语中读作[dəŋ²¹ŋA],这体现了______。
[北京师范大学2013年考研]【答案】语音同化【解析】本题考查语流音变相关的内容,语流音变包括同化、异化和弱化三种现象。
普通话中[dəŋ²¹a]第二个音节[a],由于受到前面音节韵尾的影响,增加了辅音[ŋ],属于典型的语音同化现象。
3./p b ph/这三个音位可以用、这两对区别特征区分开。
[北京师范大学2014年考研]【答案】送气不送气;清浊【解析】本题考查辅音音位的区别性特征。
辅音发音受到发音部位和发音方法的影响与制约,其中发音方法又包括阻碍的方式、声带是否颤动、气流的强弱三个方面。
/p b Ph/三个音位都是双唇音,因此它们的区别性特征应该集中在发音方法上。
/p/是不送气清塞音,/b/是不送气浊塞音,/Ph/是送气清塞音。
因此这三个音位可以由送气不送气、清浊两个区别特征区分开。
4.从语音四要素的角度看,“衣”、“易”的区别在于,Live与leave的区别在于。
[北京师范大学2014年考研]【答案】音高;音长【解析】语音四要素是指音高、音强、音长和音质。
“衣”、“易”的区别在于声调(调值)不同,所以它们的区别在于音高;Live与leave的区别在于音素[i]的发音长短,所以它们的区别主要是音长。
5.“索马里”的第一个字读得像阳平,这是语流音变中的,网络语言中的“酱紫”从语流音变的角度看是。
[北京师范大学2014年考研]【答案】异化;脱落【解析】本题考查对语流音变中产生的同化、异化、弱化、脱落等现象的分析。
胡壮麟《语言学教程》配套题库(第4版)【章节题库】第8~12章【圣才出品】

第8章语言的使用I. Fill in the blanks.1. There has been a maxim in ______ which claims that “You are what you say”. 【答案】quantity【解析】格莱斯的数量准则指1.使你的话语如(交谈的当前目的)所要求的那样信息充分;2.不要使你的话语比要求的信息更充分。
即说你该说的。
2. The theory of conversational implicature was proposed by ______.【答案】Grice【解析】格赖斯认为一定存在一些管理话语产生和理解的机制。
他把这种机制称为合作原则,在这个大原则下有四条准则,它们分别为数量、质量、关系和方式准则。
3. ______ were sentences that did not state a fact or describe a state, and were not verifiable.【答案】Performatives【解析】施为句是用来做事的,既不陈述事实,也不描述情况,且不能验证其真假。
4. In making conversation, the general principle that all participants are expected to observe is called the ______ principle proposed by J. Grice.【答案】Cooperative【解析】通常在对话中,所有的参与者都被希望能够遵守由格莱斯提出的合作原则,这样就不会有会话含义的产生。
5. In the light of the ______ principle, four maxims are specified.They are the maxim of quantity, maxim of ______, maxim of ______ and the maxim of _____.【答案】cooperative; quality; relation; manner【解析】考查合作原则及四条次则:数量准则、质量准则、关联准则、方式准则。
胡壮麟《语言学教程》考研真题精选(论述题)【圣才出品】
六、论述题1. Please state what a morpheme is and how many types of morphemes there are in English. (厦门大学2012研)Key: Morpheme is the smallest unit of language in terms of the relationship between expression and content, a unit that cannot be divided into further smaller units without destroying or drastically altering the meaning, whether it is lexical or grammatical.We can further classify morphemes into different types on different dimensions: (1) Free morphemes, which can stand by themselves as single words, and boundmorphemes, which cannot normally stand alone, but which are typically attached to another form.(2) Lexical morphemes and functional morphemes. Both of these two types ofmorphemes fall into the “free”category. The first category is that set of ordinary nouns, adjectives and verbs that carry the “content” of message we convey. The second category consists largely of the functional words in the language such as conjunctions, prepositions, articles and pronouns.(3) Derivational morphemes and inflectional morphemes. These two types ofmorphemes fall into the bound category. The derivational morphemes are used to make new words in the language and are often employed to produce words of a different grammatical category from the stem. In contrast, inflectionalmorphemes never change the grammatical category of a word, but indicate aspects of the grammatical function of a word.2. The Australian linguist Halliday considers language as having three main functions. Please specify these three functions. (华南理工2018研)Key:Halliday proposes a theory of meta-functions of language, that is, language has ideational, interpersonal and textual functions.The ideational function is to convey new information, to communicate a content that is unknown to the hearer. It is a meaning potential, because whatever specific use one is making of language he has to refer to categories of his experience of the world. It mainly consists of “transitivity” and “voice”. This function not only specifies the available options in meaning but also determines the nature of their structural realizations.The interpersonal function embodies all uses of language to express social and personal relations. This includes the various ways the speaker enters a speech situation and performs a speech act. It is realized by mood and modality. Mood shows what role the speaker selects in the speech situation and what role he assigns to the addressee. If the speaker selects the imperative mood, he assumes the role of one giving commands and puts the addressee in the role of one expected to obey orders. Modality specifies if the speaker is expressing his judgement or making a prediction. For example, “Give me that teapot!”The textual function refers to the fact that language has mechanisms to make any stretch of spoken or written discourse into a coherent and unified text and make a living passage different from a random list of sentences. Although two sentences may have exactly the same ideational and interpersonal functions, they may be different in terms of textual coherence. It fulfills the requirement that language should be operationally relevant, having texture in a real context of situation that distinguishes a living passage from a mere entry in a grammar or a dictionary. It provides the remaining strands of meaning potential to be woven into the fabric of linguistic structure.3. Study the following conversation from Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice. Discuss it in terms of Grice’s Cooperative Principle. Is there any maxim that is being flouted? What conversational implicature is communicated by such deliberate breach? (南京大学2009研)“What is his name?”“Bingley.”“Is he married or single?”“Oh! Single, my dear, to be sure! A single man of large fortune; four or five thousand a year. What a fine thing for our girls!”Key: The four maxims of the Cooperative Principles proposed by Grice are the maxim of quantity, the maxim of quality, the maxim of relation and the maxim of manner.In this conversation: A: “What is his name?”B: “Bingley.”, B obeys the maxim of quantity and quality, and in conversation: A: “Is he married or single?”B: “Oh! Single, my dear, to be sure! A single man of large fortune; four or five thousand a year. What a fine thing for our girls!”, in the utterance B, “Oh! Single, my dear, to be sure!”, the speaker is particularly careful about the maxim of quality, which rules that do not say that for which you lack adequate evidence; however, in the rest part of utterance B,” A single man of large fortune; four or five thousand a year. What a fine thi ng for our girls!”, the speaker violates the maxim of relations and quantity. The speaker tries to convey conversational implicatures and the hearer can comprehend them on the basis of previous information, so from this conversation, it implies that Bingley is not only single but also very rich, and he will be the sharp target for one of the speaker’s single daughters to get married with.(本题主要考查格莱斯的合作原则以及由于违反合作原则产生的会话含义。
George Yule《语言研究》章节题库-第9~12章【圣才出品】
第9章语义学I. Fill in the blanks.1. According to G Leech ____ meaning is the communicative value an expression has by virtue of what it refers to, over and above its purely conceptual content. (北二外2006研)【答案】Connotative【解析】利奇认为内涵意义是指通过语言所指传达的意义,是位于纯粹的概念意义之上的。
2. According to G Leech ____ meaning refers to logic, cognitive, or denotative content. (北二外2005研)【答案】Conceptual【解析】利奇认为概念意义是指逻辑的、认知的、外延的内容。
3. According to G. Leech _____ meaning refers to what is communicated of the feelings and attitudes of the speaker/writer. (北二外2007研)【答案】Affective【解析】利奇认为感情意义是指所传达的关于说话人/作者感情、态度方面的意义。
4. The theory of meaning which relates the meaning of a word to the thing it refers to, or stands for, is known as the _____ theory. (中山大学2008研)【答案】Referential【解析】把词语意义跟它所指称或所代表的事物联系起来的理论,叫做指称理论。
5. _____ is the technical name for the sameness relation. (北二外2007研)【答案】Synonymy【解析】同义关系是相同关系的专业术语,完全的同义关系是很少的。
刘珣《对外汉语教育学引论》配套题库-考研真题精选【圣才出品】
第一部分考研真题精选一、填空题1.美国语言教育学家克拉申提出输入假说,这一假说内涵之一是对学习者输入的语言信息既不要过难,也不要过易,克拉申用公式______来表示。
[暨南大学2018年研]【答案】i+1【解析】克拉申认为人类获得语言的唯一方式是对信息的理解,也就是通过吸收可理解的输入习得语言知识。
输入的语言信息既不要过难也不要过易,克拉申用“i+1”来表示。
i代表学习者目前的语言水平,也就是在自然顺序上所处的某一阶段。
“i+1”则是下一阶段应达到的语言结构的水平,即稍稍高出他目前的语言水平。
2.教育学是一门研究______及其规律的社会科学。
[暨南大学2017年研]【答案】教育现象【解析】教育学广泛存在于人类生活中,教育学的研究对象是人类教育现象和问题,以及教育的一般规律。
教育学的任务就是要探讨、揭示种种教育的规律,阐明各种教育问题,建立教育学理论体系。
3.______是以系统的语法知识的教学为纲,依靠母语,通过翻译手段,主要培养外语读写能力的教学法。
[华侨大学2017年研]【答案】语法翻译法【解析】语法翻译法,又称“传统法”或“古典法”,是以系统的语法知识教学为纲,依靠母语,通过翻译手段,主要培养第二语言读写能力的教学法。
语法翻译法的主要特点是:①以理解目的语的书面语言、培养阅读能力和写作能力以及发展智力为主要目标,不重视口语和听力的教学;②以系统的语法知识为教学的主要内容,语法教学采用演绎法,对语法规则进行详细地分析,要求学生熟记并通过翻译练习加以巩固;③词汇的选择完全由课文内容所决定,用对译的生词表进行教学;句子是讲授和练习的基本单位;④用母语进行教学,翻译是主要的教学手段、练习手段和评测手段;⑤强调学习规范的书面语,注重原文,阅读文学名著。
4.教师和______共同参与的教学活动过程叫作教学过程。
[北京大学2016年研]【答案】学生【解析】教学过程是由教师和学生共同完成的。
有效的教学活动是学生“学”与教师“教”的统一,学生是教学活动的主体,教师是教学活动的组织者、引导者与合作者。
叶蜚声、徐通锵《语言学纲要》(章节题库7-9章)【圣才出品】
第7章语言演变与语言分化一、填空题1.语言发展有两个特点,一个是________,另一个是________。
(中山大学2012年研)【答案】渐变性;不平衡性【解析】语言是人类最重要的交际工具,这种性质决定它的变化只能是渐变的,而且系统内部的各个组成部分的变化速度是不平衡的。
渐变性和不平衡性是语言演变的两大特点。
2.语言发展变化的基本条件是________。
(中山大学2011年研)【答案】社会的发展【解析】语言的基本属性是社会性,它总是随着社会的发展变化而发展变化。
语言和社会发展的关系,主要表现在社会的发展是语言发展变化的基本条件和强大动力,是语言发展的外部原因。
3.语言的发展中,词汇的变化速度最快,________次之,而语法的演变最为缓慢。
(中山大学2010年研)【答案】语音【解析】语言的发展具有不平衡性的特点。
语言系统的各个子系统与社会发展的联系有很大的不同。
与社会和交际需求联系最直接的是词汇,也即词汇对社会发展和交际需求的反应最灵敏,变化比较快。
相比之下,语音和语法就稳定得多。
4.我国的语言除了汉语外,还有很多民族语言,分属不同的语系。
例如藏语属________语系的________语族,壮语属于________语族,苗语、瑶语属于________语族;维吾尔语、蒙语属________语系;台湾原住民的阿美语,布农语属________语系。
(中山大学2012年研)【答案】汉藏、藏缅、侗台、苗瑶;阿尔泰;南岛【解析】我国是一个多民族国家,境内各民族语言分属于汉藏、阿尔泰、南岛、南亚和印欧五个语系,此外还有一些系属不明的语言。
我国境内属于汉藏语系的语言最多,除汉语外,属藏缅语族的有藏语、彝语、景颇语、羌语、纳西语等;属侗台语族的有壮语、布依语、傣语、侗语等;属苗瑶语的有苗语、瑶语等;突厥语族的维吾尔族、哈萨克语、乌兹别克语、塔塔尔语等;蒙古语族的蒙古语、东乡语、保安语等;属于南岛语系的有阿美语、排湾语、布农语、邵语、邹语等十几种语言。
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1 / 52 十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台 圣才电子书 www.100xuexi.com
第一部分 考研真题精选 一、填空题 1. When a word appears in a variety of forms depending on its grammatical role in the sentence we say that it undergoes _____. [中山大学2018研] 【答案】inflection 【解析】曲折变化是指通过添加屈折词缀,如数,人称,限定性,体和格等来表示某词语法关系的变化。
2. ______ is the name for oppositeness relation. [北二外2015研] 【答案】Antonymy 【解析】本题考查反义的语义关系。反义关系就是相反的语义关系。
3. Phonetics is the study of ______ sounds that the human voice is capable of creating whereas phonology is the study of a subset of those sounds that constitute language and meaning. [北京邮电大学2015研] 【答案】speech 【解析】本题考查语音学和音系学的含义。语音学研究语音的发生、传递和感知。音系学研究的是语言的语音系统。换句话说,音系学研究的是说话人为表达意义而系统地选择语音的方法。 2 / 52
十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台 圣才电子书 www.100xuexi.com
4. A principal distinction between morphology and syntax is that the former is
concerned with the internal composition of a word, whereas the latter is concerned with _____ of words. [中山大学2017研] 【答案】combinations 【解析】Morphology is concerned with the internal organization of words. It studies the minimal units of meaning-morphemes and word-formation processes. Syntax is the study of the rules governing the ways different constituents are combined to form sentences in a language, or the study of the interrelationships between elements in sentence structure.
5. _____ is the study of speech sounds that the human voice is capable of creating whereas phonology is the study of a subset of those sounds that constitute language and meaning. The first focuses on chaos while the second focuses on order. [北京邮电大学2016研] 【答案】Phonetics 【解析】本题考查语音学和音系学的含义。语音学研究语音的发生、传递和感知。音系学研究的是语言的语音系统。换句话说,音系学研究的是说话人为表达意义而系统地选择语音的方法。
6. Language is a form of human communication by means of a system of _____ principally transmitted by vocal sounds. [中山大学2017研] 【答案】symbols 3 / 52
十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台 圣才电子书 www.100xuexi.com
【解析】Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human
communication.
7. Syntax is the study of how words combine to make sentences. The order of words in sentences varies from language to language. English language, for instance, generally follows a ______ order, as in the sentence “The dog (subject) bit (verb) the man (object).” [北京邮电大学2016研] 【答案】SVO 【解析】本题考查英语句子的语序。英语句子的基本语序是主谓宾结构。
8. In terms of the meaning expressed by words, they can be classified into ______ words and ______ words. [南开大学2007研] 【答案】lexical, grammatical 【解析】从词所表达的意义划分,词可分为词汇词和语法词。
9. A _____ typically contains a consonant or set of consonants followed by a vowel followed by another consonant or set of consonants. [中山大学2018研] 【答案】syllable 【解析】音节是超音段研究中的一个重要单位。音节必须有一个“节核”或者“韵峰”,通常由元音来承担,但有时也可以由具有成音节特征的辅音来起节核的作用,通常在节核的前后还可以有辅音丛的出现。 4 / 52
十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台 圣才电子书 www.100xuexi.com
10. The ______ is the minimal distinctive unit in grammar, a unit which cannot be
divided without destroying or drastically altering the meaning, whether lexical or grammatical. [北二外2015研] 【答案】morpheme 【解析】本题考查词素的含义。词素是最小的音义结合体,其最大的特点是不能再被分割为更小的音义结合体。意思或语法功能的最小单位。
11. The type of stress which distinguishes words such as /’transpɒt/ from /tran’pɒt/ is known as _____ stress. [中山大学2018研] 【答案】word 【解析】单词重音是指一个单词内部重读音节和非重读音节的语调模式。
12. ______ is a branch of linguistics that studies the interrelationship between phonology and morphology. [南开大学2007研] 【答案】Morphophonology 【解析】形态音系学是语言学的一个分支,主要研究形态学与音系学的关系。
13. The sound [k] can be described with “________ velar stop/plosive”. [北二外2014研] 【答案】voiceless 【解析】[k] 属于清辅音,爆破音,软腭音。 5 / 52
十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台 圣才电子书 www.100xuexi.com
14. A _____ refers to each position in a tree diagram in TG where lines meet. In each
of these positions is a symbol for a grammatical category. [中山大学2018研] 【答案】constituent 【解析】成分,作为一个术语,指的是用于句子结构分析的一个语言单位,它是一个比其更大的语言单位的一部分。几个成分共同构成一个结构体。
15. The most serious defect concerns the use of semantic markers like (Human) and (Male), which, more usually called semantic components are elements of an artificial _______. [北京邮电大学2014研] 【答案】metalanguage 【解析】本题考查成分分析的弊端。通过语义特征来进行成分分析的一大弊端是这些意义特征使用的是人工化的元语言,元语言本身的含义也需进一步解释。
二、选择题 1. Derivational morpheme contrasts sharply with inflectional morpheme in that the former changes the _____ while the latter does not. [北二外2017研] A. meaning B. word class C. form D. speech sound 【答案】B 【解析】morpheme语素,分为自由语素和黏着语素,其中黏着语素包括词根和词缀两种