2.名词的格
英语名次所有格讲解 PPt
格是名词的语法范畴之一。它是名词和代 词的一种变化形式，在句中表示与其它词 的关系。名词有三个格：主格、宾格和所 有格。在英语中有些名词可以加“’s”来表 示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为 该名词的所有格，如：a teacher’s book。 它有两种不同的形式：
一、在名词尾加’s
二、另外一种所有 格是由介词of加名 格是由介可用of+名词构成短语修饰 前面的名词或表示两个名词间的所有关系。 2. 使用名词所有格须注意: 一般地说， ’s 所有格多用于 有生命的东西，of 所有格多用于无生命的东西， 但也有 许多例外。 3)表示度量与货币价值的所有格用’s。 4)表示“有关……”非所有关系的用 of 介词短语。 8)名词本身带有后置修饰语或含有“the + 形容词”表示 一类人，其所有格用 of 介词短语。 9)有些表示时间、距离等无生命和表示世界、国家、城 镇等的名词，也可以在词尾加’s或“ ’ ”，变成相应的 所有格。
4. 在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时， 名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的 名词。
5. 如果两个名词并列，并且分别有’s，则 表示“分别有”；只有一个’s，则表示 “共有”。
• 9. 下列情况可以将 ’s 所有格中的名词省略。 1)名词所有格所修饰的词, 如果前面已经提到，往往可以省略， 以免重复。 例 This notebook is not mine, nor John’s, nor Peter’s. 这个笔 记本不是我的，也不是约翰和比特的。 The dictionary isn’t mine, but Jenny’s. 这本词典不是我的，而 是珍妮的。 2)名词所有格后面有指地点等的名词时, 有的在习惯上可以省略。 例 Before Christmas, there were lots of customers at the Rich arsons’. the doctor’s（office）医生的诊所 my uncle’s（house）我叔叔的家
名词的数和格的构成及其用法
名词的数和格的构成及其用法名词作为语言中的重要词类，有单数和复数两种数的形态变化，并且在格的使用上具有一定规则。
本文将详细介绍名词的数和格的构成以及它们在句子中的用法。
名词的单数和复数形态变化主要通过在词尾添加字母或变化字母形式来实现。
大多数情况下，名词的复数形式是在单数形式后面加上“-s”或“-es”，如book（单数）→books（复数），box（单数）→boxes（复数）等。
然而，也有一些特殊情况需要进行规则变化，比如以“s”、“x”、“ch”或“sh”结尾的名词，其复数形式需要加上“-es”来表示，如bus（单数）→buses（复数），box（单数）→boxes（复数）等。
除了数的变化外，名词还有格的使用。
一般来说，名词的格可以分为主格和所有格两种。
主格通常用作句子的主语或动词的宾语，而所有格则表示所属关系或所有关系。
在构成上，一般情况下，名词的所有格形式是在单数或复数形式后面添加“’s”，如Mary's book（玛丽的书），students' bags（学生们的书包）等。
然而，对于以“s”结尾的复数名词，其所有格形式只需在其后面加上“’”，如the girls' toys（女孩们的玩具）。
而对于以“s”结尾的单数名词，其所有格形式可以使用“’s”或者只用“’”来表示，如James's car或者James' car（詹姆斯的车）。
在句子中，名词的数和格在语法结构以及意义上起到重要作用。
正确使用名词的数和格有助于准确表达所需的信息，并使句子更加清晰和易懂。
例如，在描述人们的关系或所有权时，使用名词的所有格形式可以更加准确地表达。
另外，对于与动词的一致性以及主谓搭配等语法规则，准确使用名词的数是十分重要的。
总结来说，名词的数和格构成有一定的规则，在句子中的使用也有明确的要求。
准确理解和运用名词的数和格有助于提高写作和交流的准确性和流畅性。
名词的格(讲义及答案)
名词的格〔讲义〕【Key points】一、所有格1.of 所有格〔无生命的〕2.’s所有格〔有生命的〕①单数名词和不以-s 结尾的复数名词，结尾加’s②以-s 结尾的复数名词，结尾加’二、所有格的应用1.由and 连接的两个名词，各有各’共有共’2.表示处所的所有格3.表示时间、间隔、星球、世界、国家、城市等无生命的的名词后加’s来表示所有关系4.双重所有格—修饰词+名词+of+名词所有格【Exercises】( )1. It’s cold here，can you keep the open?A．room window B．room’s window C．room of the window D．window of the room ( )2. Look，that is my cousin—my son．A．uncle’s B．brother’sC．grandmother’s D．friend’s ()3. —Where is Miss Green?—She is in the reading-room． A．teacher’s B．teachers’C．teacher D．teachers( )4. They are those bags．Please put them on the bus． A ．visitor B．visitors C．visitor’s D．visitors’( )5. June 1st is Day．All the children enjoy it very much． A ．Children B．Childrens’C．Children’s D．Child( )6. —I wonder whose bicycle it is．—It might be my ．A．neighbour’s B．dear neighbourC．neighbour’D．neighbours第 1 页( )7. Today is September 10th．It’s Day．Let’s go and buy some flowers for our teachers．A．Teachers B．Teachers’C．the Teachers’D．Teacher’s ()8. Miss Green is and aunt．A．Tom’s；Jane B．Tom；Jane’s C．Tom’s；Jane’s( )9. This is bedroom．The twin sisters like it very much．A．Anne and Jane B．Anne’s and Jane’sC．Anne’s and Jane D．Anne and Jane’s( )10. —How’s Joy’s skirt?—Her skirt is more beautiful than ．A．her sister’s and Kate B．her sister and Kate C．her sister and Kate’s D．her sister’s and Kate’s ( )11. —This is photo when they were young．—OK，how happy they both looked!A．my father and motherB．my mother and father’s C．my mother’s and father’s D．my father’s and my mother( )12. m others are _ teachers．A．Lucy’s and Mary；woman B．Lucyand Mary；woman C．Lucy’s andMary’s；women D．Lucy and Mary’s；women( )13. I met him ．A．at the doctor B．at the doctor’sC．to the doctor D．from the doctor’s( )14. I stayed at last Sunday．A．my uncles B．my uncles’C．my uncle’s D．my uncle’s family ( )15. Do you know how large is?A．population of China B．Chinese populationC．China population D．China’s population第 2 页( )16. Have you read newspaper yet?A．todays B．today’sC．the today’s D．your today’s( )17. After the exam，we’ll have holiday．A．two weeks B．two-weeksC．two weeks’D．two week’s( )18. We’ll have a holiday．What about going to the West Lake?A．two days B．two-dayC．two-days D．two day’s()19. —How far is it from your home to school?—It’s about twenty walk． A．minute’sB．minutes’C．minutes D．minute ()20. —How long does it take to get to the station?—It’s walk．A．six minute’s B．six-minutesC．six minutes’D．six minutes( )21. The railway station is two from our house．A．hour’s drive B．hour driveC．hours’ drive D．hours drive( )22. What a pity! Liu Xiang didn’t win the hurdles〔跨栏〕．A ．110 meters B．110-metersC．110 meter D．110 meters’( )23. A classmate of was here ten minutes ago．A．you B．yourC．your sister D．your sister’s( )24. —With whom did you watch 2021 World Cup Opening Ceremony ? —．A．A friend of mine B．A friend of me C．A friend of my sister D．A friend of you( )25. Miss smith is a friend of ．A．Mary’s mother’s B．Mary’s motherC．Mother’s of Mary D．Mary mother’s( )26. The post card is sent by_ ．第 3 页A．a friend of my father B．a friend of my father’sC．my father friend D．my father friend’s27.It’s(妇女节) on March 8th．28.(学生们的桌椅) are very new．29.Please open (教室的门)．30.(简和乔的学校) is big and new．31.(John 和Sally 的母亲) are here．32.Is this (你的好朋友的钢笔) ?33.(Tony 哥哥的电脑) is broken．34.(刘伟的妻子的朋友) is from Guangzhou．第 4 页参考答案1-5 DABDC6-10 ABBDD11-15 BCBCD16-20 BCBBC21-25 CDDAA26 B 27．Women’s Day28．Students’ desks and chairs 29．thedoor of the classroom 30．Jane andJoe’s school 31．John’s and Sally’smothers 32．your good friend’s pen 33．Tony’s brother’s computer 34．Afriend of Liuwei’s wife’s第 5 页。
英语的名词有三格主格
英语的名词有三格：主格，宾格，所有格。
有些名词加“s”来表示所有关系。
1．1 表示有生命的名词所有格1．1．1 单数名词的尾加“s”,复数名词词尾如没有s，也要加“s”.如：Tom’s knife (汤姆的小刀) ，Children’s Day(儿童节) ，Women’s Day （妇女节）1．1．2 若名词已有复数词尾－S，只加“’”即可。
the teachers’ office (教师办公室) the students’ library (学生阅览室)1．1．3 表示几个人共有一样东西，只需在最后一个人的名字后面加“s”。
如果表示各自所有，则需在各个名字后加“s”。
如：Jim and Mike’s room吉姆和麦克（共用）的房间Jim’s and Mike’s rooms 吉姆和麦克（各自）的房间1．2 表示无生命的名词所有格这种所有格一般是名词与of 构成词组。
如：the door of the house 房间的门 a map of China 一张中国地图a photo of my family 我家的一张照片，a friend of mine 我的一个朋友注意：a picture of my father 指的是爸爸本人的照片a picture of my father’s 指照片归爸爸所有，但照片并非爸爸本人。
1．3 练习a．翻译下列短语1．我哥哥的一个朋友2．李明的一张照片3．教师办公室4．儿童节5．中国地图6．一张全家福b. 用括号中所给名词的所有格形式填空。
7. (children) The shop sells books.8. (girl) Mary is a name.9. (brother) Do you know my fathers?10. ( uncle) Tom lives at his house.c. 选择填空11．It is today.A. Teacher DayB. Teacher’s DayC. Teachers’ Day12. This is ball,A. the boysB. the boy’sC. the boy13. Those are bikesA. Wang Ping and Zhang HongB. Wang Ping’s and Zhang Hong’sC. Wang Ping and Zhang Hong’s常用动词变化表现在时过去时现在分词（进行时）be 是------------------------was, were--------------------beingbecome 变成------------------became-----------------------becomingbegin 开始-------------------began------------------------beginningblow 吹----------------------blew-------------------------blowingbreak 断开-------------------broke------------------------breakingbring 带来-------------------brought----------------------bringingbuild 建筑-------------------built------------------------buildingbuy 买-----------------------bought-----------------------buying can 能-----------------------could------------------------无catch 抓住-------------------caught-----------------------catchingcome 来----------------------came-------------------------comingcopy 拷贝--------------------copied-----------------------copyingcut 切-----------------------cut--------------------------cutting do 做------------------------did--------------------------doingdraw 画----------------------drew-------------------------drawingdrink 喝---------------------drank------------------------drinkingdrive 驾车-------------------drove------------------------drivingeat 吃-----------------------ate--------------------------eating fall 落下--------------------fell-------------------------falling feed 喂----------------------fed--------------------------feeding feel 感觉--------------------felt-------------------------feelingfight 打架-------------------fought-----------------------fightingfind 找寻--------------------found------------------------findingfly飞------------------------flew-------------------------flyingforget 忘记------------------forgot-----------------------forgettingget 得到---------------------got--------------------------getting give 给予--------------------gave-------------------------giving go 去------------------------went-------------------------goinggrow 成长--------------------grew-------------------------growinghang 挂----------------------hung-------------------------hanginghave 有----------------------had--------------------------havinghear 听----------------------heard------------------------hearinghold 拿住--------------------held-------------------------holdinghurt 伤害--------------------hurt-------------------------hurtingkeep 保持--------------------kept-------------------------keepingknow 知道--------------------knew-------------------------knowinglay 放置---------------------laid-------------------------layinglearn 学习-------------------learnt,learned--------------learningleave 离开-------------------left-------------------------leaving lend 借出--------------------lent-------------------------lending let 让-----------------------let--------------------------lettinglight点燃照亮-----------------lighted,lit-----------------lightinglose 丢失--------------------lost-------------------------losingmake 做----------------------made-------------------------makingmay 可以---------------------might------------------------无mean 意思--------------------meant－－－－－－－－－－－－－－meaningmeet 见面--------------------met--------------------------meetingmust 必须--------------------must-------------------------无pay 付出---------------------paid-------------------------payingput 放-----------------------put--------------------------puttingread 读----------------------read-------------------------readingride 骑----------------------rode-------------------------riding ring 响----------------------rang-------------------------ringingrun 跑-----------------------ran--------------------------runningsay 说-----------------------said-------------------------saying see 看见---------------------saw--------------------------seeing sell 卖----------------------sold-------------------------sellingshake 摇晃-------------------shook------------------------shakingshall 将---------------------should-----------------------无shoot 射击-------------------shot-------------------------shootingshow 展示--------------------showed-----------------------showingshut 关闭--------------------shut-------------------------shuttingsing 唱歌--------------------sang-------------------------singingsink 下沉--------------------sank-------------------------sinkingsit 坐-----------------------sat--------------------------sittingsleep 睡觉-------------------slept------------------------sleepingslide 滑动-------------------slid-------------------------slidingsmell 闻---------------------smelt,smelled---------------smellingspeak 讲话-------------------spoke------------------------speakingspell 拼写--------------------spelt,spelled--------------spellingspend 花钱-------------------spent------------------------spendingstand 站立--------------------stood-----------------------standingsteal 偷窃-------------------stole------------------------stealingstick 粘贴-------------------stuck------------------------stickingsweep 打扫-------------------swept------------------------sweepingswim 游泳--------------------swam-------------------------swimmingswing 摆动-------------------swung------------------------swingingtake 拿到--------------------took-------------------------takingteach 教---------------------taught-----------------------teachingtell 讲述--------------------told-------------------------tellingthink 思考--------------------tought----------------------thinkingthrow 投掷-------------------threw------------------------throwingunderstand 理解--------------understood-------------------understandingwake 醒来--------------------waked,woke------------------wakingwear 穿着--------------------wore-------------------------wearing--weep 哭泣--------------------wept-------------------------weepingwill 意愿--------------------would------------------------无win 获胜---------------------won--------------------------winningwrite 写---------------------wrote------------------------writingA)1. ______ the girl like _______ (sit) quietly? Yes, she does.2. How many _______ (foot) does a monkey have?3. My sister _______ (have) a lot of beautiful stamp s.4. This morning he _______ (help) an old man.5. Who can help ______ (they) with their English?6. Yang Ling is a _______ (China) girl.7. Here are some flowers ______ (four) you.8. Mary is ________ (write) am e-mail to her friend.9. He _______ (have) many _________ (strawberry) on the plate.10.______ he usually have a party at weekends? No, he ______. (do)B)1. We often ______ (by) fruit in the supermarket.2. We are now _______ (live) in the town.3. I _______ (visit) the farm last Sunday.4. Helen _______ (pick) many apples on the farm la st week.5. Did you like ______ (milk) cows, Nancy?6. What _____ you _____ yesterday? We ______ ou r homework. (do)Where ______ you go yesterday? We ______ to a cinema.7. He ______ (want)to go to the park this weekend, but I have no time.8. Helen often ______ (go) to school by bus.9. What ______ the students _______ (do) now?They ___________ (play) football in the football fiel d.10.Where ______ you a moment ago?I ______ in the reading room. (be)C)1. __________ (not draw) on the wall.2. We ______ (make) lots of delicious food. And we _______ (eat)them in the dining-room yesterday evening.3. Jim is from _______. He speaks ________. (France)4. My birthday is on the ______ (three) of July.5. This is _____ (I) wallet, not _____ (he).6. ______ (who) mirror is it? Is it _____ (your)?No, it’s not ______ (I). I think it is _____ (she) mi rror. It’s _____ (she).7. There _____ (be) some orange juice in the bottle.8. Pass the newspaper to _____ (he). _____ (he) wa nts to find a job on it.9. Miss White asks ______ (we) to sing the song._____ (we) must follow _____ (she).10._____ (Who) is this skateboard? It’s ________(he)11. Is this bike ________(you)? No, maybe it’s ____ ____(she).12. Can you help ________(I) with ________(I) Engli sh?D)用所给词的适当形式填空1.goI often _____to school at seven every morning. My sister often_______to school with me. I__________to school now. But I______to school late yesterday.2. haveMike______ a lot of good friends. Last Sunday,he_______a birthday party. They_______a big birthday cake. Look, now he _____________his birthday cake. 3. doBen usually ______his homework in the afternoon. We often________our homeworkin the afternoon, too. But yesterday, we________our homework in the evening.4. eatMy younger brother _______a lot of ice-cream last night. So he can’t______anything today. The doctor says to him: don’t______too much. So he ______a little today.5. makeMy father can_______model planes. Helikes_________models. Look he ___________a model plane now. Last term he ________one for me.6. seeLast week, I ______ a Beijing opera show. It was interesting. I am going to _______ it again next week.7. watchMy cousin and I all like _________ TV. He usually______ it on Saturday. Last Saturday, he _________ a cartoon on TV.E)1. There (be) thirty lessons in a week.2. You can (put) your football here.3. Sometimes she doesn’t play with (I).4. I want to (go) home after school.5. I like (surf) the Internet.6. (not write) on the wall.7. Let’s (buy) some things for our party.8. Tom (have) a nice computer.9. My (friend) are at home today.10. The (girl) name is Nancy.11. English is very (interest).12. How she (spend) her weekends?She often (watch) cartoons.13. Do you like (go) climbing?No, I don’t. I like (take) photos.14. Yang Ling usually (brush) her teeth after she gets up.15. Look! The girl (touch) the flowers with her mouth.The boy (stand) on the man’s knees.16. When your mother (get) up in the morning?17. He often (listen) to music in the evening.18. I don't like (dance).19. They are (play) table tennis now.20. She (be) a beautiful girl.21. Amy (not do) her homework on Sundays.22. Does your father like (collect) stamps?23. Look! Mike (run) fast in the playground.24. The beautiful girl can dance (beautiful).25. Sam (go) to school at seven forty every day.26. My hobby is (make) clothes.27. How many (subject) do you have every day?28. My sister (study) English at school on Saturday?29. Li Hong often (go) to the park onSundays.30. How (do) Mike (spend) his weekends?31. Zhang Yang sometimes (catch) insects in the garden?32. Sometimes Wang Bing goes (swim).33. I like (watch) TV at home in the evening.34. There are two (dragonfly) in the picture.35. They are (Helen) stamps.36. I have a good friend. (he) name is Jim.37. We are (China).38. The French speak (France).39. He like writing stories (quiet).40. I’m British. I’m from (English).41. He (have) got a headache.42. I’m (feel) better.43. Why (be) Tom absent today?44. This is Liu Tao (speak).45. (class) are over.46. What subject she (like)?47. Nancy dances (beautiful).48. Miss Li is (us) teacher. We like (she).49. My coat is red and (Ann) is yellow.50. The boy (swim) well.51 I’m_______ ( write ) an e-mail to my friend.52.What subjects ____ he ______ ( study) at school?53. They all like ______ (listen ) to music.54. This is Tom (speak).55. I’m sorry (hear) that.56. What she (like)?She (like) (cook).57. The boy draws (careful).58. Do you have any (hobby)?59. How many (subject) do you study this term/60. The boy can stand on the (man) shoulders.61. I (write) an e-mail to Lucy now.62. She often (catch) cartoons.63. Would you like to go (shop) with me?64. Who (be) on duty today?65. I like (collect) animal stamps.66. There are nine (dragonfly) in the picture.67. Are (this) your Japanese books?68. he (live) in New York?69. Jack usually (go) to school at six every morning.70. Sam (like) playing football?71. Are there (some) ants in the park?72. Let’s try to (study) English (good).73. They are in different (school).74. Please speak (loud).75. Helen is sitting (quiet).76. I like (butterfly). They can dance (beautiful).77. He (like) (swim), he can (swim)(good).78. Ben is from (American). He can speak English and (France).79. Helen is (write) an e-mail to her friend now. She usually (write) in the evening.80. This is a (beautiful) stamp. I can see a girl is dancing (beautifully).F)1 My brother is 15 _______ (year) old.2 There _______ (be) many trees in the garden.3 There _______ (be) some water in the cup.4 _______ (be) there _______ (some) apples next to the basket?5 There _______ (be) a lot of books on the desk just now.6 There _______ (be) a pair of _______ (glove) on the table a moment ago.7 Lily and Lucy have_______ (same) age, but they have different _______ (bedroom).8 Can I _______ (has) a pen?9 The sign on the grass_______ (mean) danger.10 What _______ they mean? They mean No_______ (park).11 _______ this sign mean No littering? Yes , it does.12 There are two books on the floor. Please pick_______ (they) up for _______ (I).13 Can you give _______ (he) a storybook?14 I want _______ (watch) a football match. Would you like_______ (join 加入) me?15 Jim likes collecting_______ (China) stamps.16 Are you talking about_______ (we)?17 My birthday is_______ January,1990 , and my sister was born(出生) on_______ (twelve) of March.18 Come on, it’s time ______ school.19 My father is very_______ (excite) to see the _______ (excite) game.20 Let_______ (he) grow the flowers.21 Where_______ (be) you yesterday? I_______ (be) at school.22 Do you want_______ (have) some bread?23 What _______ is it today? It’s Monday.24 What _______ is it today? It’s Sep 12th.25 Would you like _______ (play) computer games? No, I’d like_______ (do) my homework.G)1. She often (have) a rest at noon at home.2. He (read) in the classroom now.3. Children often (play) in the park on Sundays.4. Look, they (play) in the playground.5. Mary (go) to the cinema every Saturday.6. I (watch) TV last night.7. They (plant) some trees last year.8. We always (have) lunch at school.9. Tom (like) Chinese food.10. Listen, Nancy (laugh) in the dining-room.11. They (stay) in London for 3 days last year.12. (do)you (have) a good rest last night.13. He (have) a fever yesterday, but now he (feel)better.14. Mr. Brown (teach) us English last term.15. Miss Li (teach) us English now.16. I (be) a student in 1976.17. He (clean) our classroom yesterday.18. My mother (be) a worker.19. They (do) their homework in the classroom now.20. Milan (play) the piano every evening.H)补充下列单词，并写出中文意思。
小学英语语法：名词的格
小学英语语法：名词的格名词的格格是名词的语法范畴之一。
它是名词和代词的一种变化形式，在句中表示与其它词的关系。
在英语中有些名词能够加“'s”来表示所相关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格，如：ateacher's book。
它有两种不同的形式：在名词尾加's 和of+名词结构。
下面我们来具体看看，名词所有格的使用情况。
一、在名词尾加's1、单数名词词尾加"'s"，复数名词词尾没有s，也要加"'s"，如the boy's bag 男孩的书包，men's room 男厕所。
2、若名词已有复数词尾-s ，只加" ' "，如：the workers' struggle 工人的斗争，The teachers’ reading-room教员阅览室3、名词的所有格形式主要用于人、国家或动物等有生命的东西：Lucy's hat, the cat's tail, students’ association4、表示时间：a week's holiday一周的休假today's paper今天的报纸tomorrow's weather明天的天气in two years' time两年的时间之内ten minutes' break十分钟休息two hours' delay两小时的耽搁5、表示由人组成的集体名词：delegation’s visit代表团的访问nation’s youngsters我国的青少年government’s policy政府的政策compan y’s directors公司的董事。
汉英格的对比
4、屈折变化作为一种格标记手段，在英语中主要是用于区 分人称代词的主格和宾格，如：we(我们，主格)和us(我们
，宾格)。在汉语中则主要用于处所或时间词，表示特定的
方位格，如：城里女孩办起了农家双语学校。“城里(城+ 屈折后缀)”表示“在城市中”。
Thank you!
语，表示动作的发出者，称为施事宾语）
汉英格标记对比
1、相比较而言，汉语缺少形态标志。汉语的名词处于一定 的句法关系中，汉语名词同样有语法和语义意义上的格。
句子中主管成分动词与介词都有支配受事格的作用，只不
过这种格关系不以形态变化的方式来体现，而是以句法位 置、介词或者其他手段作为标志。英语中名词的普通格没 有任何形态变化，因此和汉语一样，英语也主要是通过词 在句子中的排列次序来确定主语和宾语的。
桥上(on the bridge. )
3、允许处所或时间词作为主语的动词类别，在两种语言也不尽 相同。例如，汉语中表示“发生”的动词可以用处所或时间词作 主语，英语则不行如：玉树发生强烈地震。(A strong earthquake happened in Yushu County．而不能说Yushu County happened a strong earthquake．)又如，英语中一些 感官动词可以用处所或时间词作主语，而汉语一般不可以。 Yushu County witnessed a strong earthquake．(玉树发生过 强烈地震。而不能说成“玉树目击过强烈地震”)。
例 John’s and Mary’s room(两个房间)
John and Mary’s room(一个房间)
（5）在复合名词或短语中，’s 加在最后一个词的词尾。 例： a month or two’s absence
六年级英语知识点宾格主格
六年级英语知识点宾格主格宾格和主格是英语语法中的两种语法格形式。
它们用于表示名词或代词在句子中所担当的不同角色。
在本文中，将详细介绍六年级英语学习中的宾格和主格知识点。
一、宾格宾格是表示名词或代词在句子中作为动词或介词的宾语时所采用的语法格形式。
以下是六年级英语学习中常用的宾格形式：1. 代词宾格在句子中充当动词宾语时，代词需要转换成宾格形式。
例如：- 他看到了我。
- He saw me.- 她帮助了他们。
- She helped them.2. 名词宾格名词作为动词宾语时，不需要进行形式上的变化。
例如：- 我喜欢音乐。
- I like music.- 我们爱动物。
- We love animals.3. 宾格在介词短语中在介词短语中，名词或代词需要使用宾格形式。
例如：- 请给我一杯水。
- Please give me a glass of water.- 他坐在我旁边。
- He sat next to me.二、主格主格是表示名词或代词在句子中作为主语时所采用的语法格形式。
以下是六年级英语学习中常用的主格形式：1. 代词主格代词在句子中作为主语时，需要使用主格形式。
例如：- 我去上学。
- I go to school.- 他们喜欢打篮球。
- They like playing basketball.2. 名词主格名词作为主语时，不需要进行形式上的变化。
例如：- 斯蒂芬是一个好老师。
- Stephen is a good teacher.- 学生们在教室里学习。
- The students study in the classroom.3. 主格在系动词后在系动词后面，名词或代词需要使用主格形式。
例如：- 我是学生。
- I am a student.- 他们是兄弟。
- They are brothers.4. 主格在代词主语中当一个句子中包含两个代词主语时，要使用主格形式。
例如：- 我和他一起去了公园。
名词的变格
2 动词的词典格式（p63）
动词的词典格式一般依次为现在时、过去时、目 的分词（动名词）和现在不定式。
由于医药拉丁语中常使用的动词形式只与动词的 现在时和现在不定式形式有关，因此书本中动词 的词典格式只列出了这两部分：
sumo, ere 采取，承受，服用 servo, are 保存
拉丁语名词有五种变格法，我们称之为五种变格 法，即第一变格法、第二变格法、第三变格法、 第四变格法和第五变格法。 变格法分类 一 二 三 四 五
单数第二格格尾 -ae -i -is -us -ei
5．名词在词典中的格式（p29）
由四个部分组成：名词的单数第一格（主格）全 形、单数第二格部分、属性和译文。
capsula、pilula等，需根据其具体数目确定用单 数还是复数。不可数的以容量或重量来衡量的剂 型，药材原料名，以及中药材中动、植物的药用 部位名，通常都用单数。
3．名词的格（casus）
拉丁语名词共有6种格，即主格（第一格）、属格 （第二格）、宾格（第四格）、夺格（第五格） 、与格（第三格）和呼格（第六格），不同的格 表示不同的语法作用。中药拉丁语中前4种比较常 用。
数 格 主格 属格 宾格 夺格
sing.
-a -ae -am -a
pl.
-ae -arum
-as -is
第一变格法名词变格示例
主格：Camphora 樟脑； Placenta 胎盘
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
属格：Tinctura Gentianae 龙胆酊
Granula Coryzae 感冒冲剂
Alpinia officinarum Hance 高良姜
阴性名词：tabella（片剂），herba（全草）