超级权威的初中英语语法大全(中)

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总结初中英语语法知识点(集合7篇)

总结初中英语语法知识点（集合7篇）总结初中英语语法知识点第1篇一. 定语从句的概念在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

二. 引导定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that， which， who(宾格whom，所有格whose)等，关系副词包括where，when， why等。

关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。

三. 定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。

限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去。

非限制性定语从句与主句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。

四. 关系代词的用法that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。

在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。

作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。

例如：Mary likes music that is quiet and玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。

(that作主语)The coat (that) I put on the desk is我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。

(that作宾语)用于指物，在句中作主语、宾语或表语。

作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。

例如：The building which stands near the train station is a 位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。

(作主语)The film (which) we saw last night was我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。

(作宾语)， whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。

在口语中，有时可用who代替whom。

who和whom作宾语时也可省略。

例如：The girl who often helps me with my English is from 经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。

初中英语语法知识点总结及练习精选全文完整版

可编辑修改精选全文完整版一、初中英语语法归纳本文归纳了词法、八种基本时态以及三大基本从句，是历年中考英语必考语法点。

（一）词法1. 名词（1）名词的可数与不可数可数名词指表示的人或事物可以用数来计量，它有单数与复数两种形式。

不可数名词指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。

物质名词与抽象名词一般无法用数目，来统计，都成为不可数名词。

不可数名词前一般不能用冠词a、an来表示数量，没有复数形式。

要表示“一个……”这一概念，就须加a piece of这一类短语。

要注意许多名词在汉语里看来是可数名词，在英语里却不可数。

如：chalk，paper，bread，rice，grass，news等。

（2）名词复数的规则变化A.一般情况下加-s。

B.以s, x, ch, sh, 结尾的加-esC.以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i再加-esD.以f，fe结尾的，去掉f或fe，变成v再加-es（3）名词的所有格A. 单数名词词尾加’s，复数名词词尾若没有s，也要加’s。

如：the worker's bike，the Children’ s ballB. 表示几个人共有一样东西，只需在最后一个人的名字后加’ s若表示各自所有，则需在各个名字后’ s。

如：This is Lucy and Licy’ s room.These are Kate's and jack’ s rooms.C. 如果是通过在词尾加—s构成的复数形式的名词，只加’。

如：the students’ books，the girls’ blouses(另外：名词+of+名词名词是有生命的，我们就用’s结构来表示所有关系。

如果名词所表示的事物是无生命的，我们就要用名词+of+名词的结构来表示所有关系。

) 2. 代词人称代词，物主代词，反身代词，指示代词，不定代词（1）人称代词第一人称单数I me my mine myself复数 we us our ours ourselves第二人称单数 you you your yours yourself复数 you you your yours yourselves第三人称单数 he him his his himselfshe her her hers herselfit it its its itself复数 they them their theirs themselves（2）物主代词物主代词的用法：形容词性物主代词后面一定要跟上一个名词；名词性物主代词可作主语、表语、宾语。

初中英语语法总结一览表(整理版)

初中英语语法总结一览表语法项目构成用法象征词规则变化不规则变化例句动词用原形Every oftenalways 一般 -s have----has He goes to school 一般现表示常常性的on 天 in月、季、节、年。

–es 辅音every day.＋y---ies在时三人称单数动作或状态Ioftenhave-s / eslunch at home.动词用过去 ago/justnow/In1998 一般 / 去 e go-went come-came He wrote a letter 一般过时表过去某个、段 last/yesterday 等双写 / 辅＋ y yesterday. 时间内动作及结尾－ ied do-did leave-left 等去时Be —was/状态I studied hardwerelast year.be going to 在未来某个时 tomorrow / afterGo come leave stayAre you going to一般将＋V 原间或readnext / tonightin 2010fly 等用进行表未来来时will / shall某段时要做的He iscoming+ V 原事tomorrow .语法项目构成用法象征词规则变化不规则变化例句现在进be＋doing 行时listenlook now一般去 e tie die lie –Tom is writing 表此时此刻正双写now .进行的动作或 all the time Don’t变 ie 为 y 加 ing状态+ing They are lying onthe bed .现在完 have / has 成时 +PP现在完 have/has成进行 been+doing含糊的发生在过去影词 already 响在此刻的动ever作或状态等频率副分词规则的不规则的动词的过去分I have beenjust never 同过去式是词需逐一记忆teaching for 8同样的years.He has slept fortwo days.was / were at this time yesterday.过去进 +doing 表在过去某时间正在进行的 last Sunday evening行时多用于复合动作句中过去完 had+ 动过去该动作发生在by the time＋过去时一般去 e tie die lie –He was reading at双写that time变 ie 为 y 加 ing+inglast Friday规则的分词需要逐一记忆We had learnt组成与过去语法项目构成用法象征词成时分词过去的过去when after多用于复合句中would + V 原过去将形过去看来将要 He said that来时发生的动作或 day . 多用宾语从状态句中规则变化不规则变化例句before时同样的详见不规则动词表2000 wordsby the end of last year.He said that hehe the nextwould come here the next day .比较级后 --er 前加表示两个人、物than /much/ a little形式more形容副名词比较用之间进行比较far / in the two 等词名词 more时最高级后 -est 前加大于等于三个 in the ＋比较范围形式most人、物之间进行 of the形容副名词比较用比较详细的数字一般 / 去 e good/well —better She is the tall 双写 / 辅＋ yin the two.结尾－ iermuch/many —moreHe runs fasterthan Tom .一般 / 去 e bad/ill/badly-worstShe is the most双写 / 辅＋ ybeautiful结尾－ iest far-farther-farthestin her class.(最语法项目构成用法象征词规则变化不规则变化例句词名词most高级加the)动词不作主语定式to do没 To read 有人称 helpful 和数的 anybody 变化now .作宾补作表语作状语作宾语His job is He’ll go to seeisI hear him sing yesterday to take doctor tomorrow .for He wants to buycare ofa dictionary.Tom told me to open it.children .作定语a He has muchhomeworkto do every day .状语从句宾语从句定语从句句子作状语（时间地址原由句子作宾语（语序、时态、指引词、客主从复条件退步比较）观事实）合句He was writing a letter whenHe asked me if I had been to BeijingI came in 。

初中英语语法总结整理完整版

43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处Exercising is helpful to your bady 锻炼对你的身体有好处44 be in good health 身体健康45 be in trouble 处于困难中eg : She is in trouble They are in tronble46 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣47 be late for = come late to 迟到eg: Be late for class 上课迟到48 be like 像……eg : I'm like my mother49 be mad at 生某人的气50 be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)51 be made of 由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)52 be not sure 表不确定53 be on a visit to 参观54 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎55 be quiet 安静56 be short for 表**的缩写eg: is short for 陶俊杰57 be sick in bed 生病在床58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you59 be sorry to hear that60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to trouble you61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事eg : He's strict in obeying noles62 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 这些学生对自己不严格63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么65 be sure 表确定66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心eg: I'm sure of my head (my teacher 我相信我的大脑（老师）68 be sure that sth 对做某事有信心eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test 我相信他能通过考试69 be sure to do sth一定会做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test 我们一定会通过这次考试We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英语70 be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕……71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事72 be the same as …和什么一样73 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸习惯早He is used to sleeping in class 他习惯上课睡觉74 be worth doing 值得做什么75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物be afraid that 丛句76 because+句子because of +短语eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache77 begin to do = start to do 开始做某事start…with…=begin…with…以什么开始什么eg : Let's begin the game with the song I begin to go home78 between…and…两者之间79 borrow sth from sb 向……借……lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借给……什么东西eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me ( he lent me a pen80 both = the same(as) = not different(from) 表相同81 bother 打扰bother sb to do stheg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station我十分道歉打扰你，但是你能告诉我怎么去车站the problem has been bothering me for weeks 这个问题困扰了我几个周了He's bothering me to lend him money82 by the end of 到……为止83 call sb sth eg : We call him old wang84 care 关心eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?你为什么不关心国家的未来85 catch up with sb 赶上某人86 chat with sb 和某人闲谈take sb to + 地点带某人去某地87 come in 进88 come over to 过来89 come up with 提出eg: Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出一个好办法吗？90 communicate with sb 和某人交流91 consider + doing 考虑做什么eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 为什么不考虑去泸州？92 dance to 随着……跳舞eg : She likes dancing to the music 她喜欢随着音乐跳舞93 decide to do sth 决定做某事94 do a survey of 做某方面的调查95 do better in 在……方面做得更好96 do wrong 做错97 Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事98 Don't mind +doing /从句/名词不要介意……99 each +名（单）每一个…eg : Each student has many books 每一个学生都有一些书100 end up +doing101 enjoy +doing喜欢102 escape from 从……逃跑eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison犯人从监狱里逃跑出来103 expect to do sth 期待做某事104 fall down 摔下来fall off 从哪摔下来105 fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么106 far from 离某地远eg : The school is far from my home107 find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样108 find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么样eg : I find the book interesting 109 finish 完成+doing（名词）110 fit to sb = be fit for sb 适合某人111 forget to do 没有做而忘了forget doing 做了而又忘了eg: Don't forget to go home I forget closing door112 from…to…从某某到某某eg: From me for her113 get /have sth down 做完，被（别人）做…eg: I have my hair cut 我理了发(头发被剪了）Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了（被牙医拔掉了）114 get a part-time job= find a part-time job115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 与某人相处得好116 get along with sb = get on with sb 与某人相处117 get ready for = be ready for为什么而准备eg : I get ready for math I am ready for math118 get sb in to trouble 给某人麻119 get sb to do sth120 get…from…从某处得到某物121 give a talk 做报告eg: He is give a tall122 give sth to sb give sb sth 给某人某物123 go fish 钓鱼go swimming 游泳124 go on to do 去做下一件事go on doing 继续做这件事125 go out away from go out of126 go to school 上学（用于专业的）go to the school 去学校（不一定是上学）127 good way to 好方法128 hate to do 讨厌没做过的事hate doing 讨厌做过的事129 have a party for sb 举办谁的晚会130 have a talk 听报告谈一谈131 have been doing 现在完成进行时eg : You have been talking You have been sleeping since132 have been to …( 地方）……去过某过地方have gone to …（地方）去了某地还没回来133 have fun +doing 玩得高兴134 have sth to do 有什么事要做eg: I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作业要做I have nothing to do 我没什么事情做135 have to do sth 必须做某事136 have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦137 have…time +doing138 have…(时间)…off 放……假eg: I have month off 我请一个月得假139 hear sb +do/doing 听见某人做某事/正在做某事140 help a lot 很大用处141 help sb with sth \one's sth 帮助某人某事（某方面）help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事142 hope to do sth 希望做某事143 How about(+doing) = What about(+doing)144 how do you like = what do you think of 你对什么的看法145 if : 是否＝wethereg: I don't know if (wether) I should go to the party 我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会He don't know if (wether) we will arrive on time tomorrow morning 他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达146 if :如果，假如（全部接一般时态）＋条件语态从句eg: I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain 假如明天不下雨，我就去泸州If they change the plan they will let me know 假如他们要改变计划，他们会让我知道的I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year 如果我明年由足够的钱，我就要去英国147 in one's opinion = sb think 某人认为148 in some ways 在某些方面149 in the end = finally(adv) 最后150 in the north of…什么在什么的北方（north 北sowth 南west 西east 东）151 in the sun 在太阳下152 increase 增加eg : They've increased the prece of petrol by 3% 他们把石油价增加了3%the population has increased from 12 million ten years ago to 18 million now153 instead of +（名）代替eg: I'd like an apple instead of a pear 我想要苹果，而不要梨子I like English instead of math 我喜欢英语而不喜欢数学154 introduce sb to sb 介绍某人给某人introduce oneself 自我介绍155 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事156 It takes sb sometime to do sth 做某人花掉某人多少时间eg : It took me 5 minutes to do my homework It takes me half an hour to cook157 It's +adj +for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事怎么样158 It's +adj +to do 做某事怎么样159 It's +adj for sb 对于某人来说怎么样It's +adj of sb 对某人来说太怎么样160 It's +adj(for sb) to do（对某人来说）做某事怎么样It's +adj of sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事太怎么样eg : It's nice of you to help me with my English161 It's a good idea for sb to do sth 对……来说是个好主意162 It's important to sb 对某人来说很重要eg: It's important to me163 It's time to do sth It's time for sth 到了该去做某事的时间eg : It's time to have class It's time for class 该去上课了164 join = take part in 参加165 just now 刚才166 keep +sb /sth +adj /介词短语让什么保持什么样？167 keep out 不让……进入168 keep sb adj 让……保持……eg: I want to keep my mother happy keep healthy 保持健康169 key to +名词表示：某物的钥匙或某题的答案170 key to…anser to …key 可以是答题或钥匙171 laugh at…取笑……eg : Don't langh at others We langhed at the joke172 learn by oneslfe 自学173 learn from sb 向某人学习eg: We should learn from Lei Feng174 learn to do sth 学做某事175 let sb do sth 让某人做某事176 Let sb down 让某人失望eg ：We shouldn't let our farents down 我们不应该让我们的父母失望177 live from :离某地远178 live in +大地方/at +小地方居住在某地eg: I live in LuZhou She lives at XuanTan179 look after = take care of 照顾照看180 lose one's way 谁迷路eg : Lose your way 你迷路181 make a decision to do sth 决定做某事182 make friends with sb 和谁成为朋友eg : I want to make friends with you183 make it early 把时间定的早一点184 make on exhibition of oneself 让某人出洋相185 make sb /n +n 使什么成为什么eg : I made her my step moller I made you my wife186 make sb /sth +adj 使某人（某物）怎么样eg : You must made your bed clean187 make sb /sth adj 使某人/某物怎么样188 make sb do sth 让某人做某事eg : I made him write 我以前让他写189 make up be made up of (被动语态）由……组成190 make…difference to…191 mind sb to do mind one's doing 介意……做什么192 most +名most of +代193 much too +形容词194 must be 一定195 need +名词196 need sb do sth 需要某人做某事197 need to do (实义动词）need do (情态动词）198 no /neithr of hate to do no /neithr of hate doing199 no +名词200 not anymore = no more 再也不……eg: He didn't cry any more He cried no more 他再也不哭201 not…(形、副）at alleg: He's not tall at all she doesn't junp far at all202 not…at all 一点都不203 not…either 表否定，也不eg : I don't japanse either I don't have sister, either 我也没有姐姐204 not…until 直到……才……eg: I didn't sleep until my mother came back The child didn't stop crying until I give her sugar 205 offer / provide sb with sth 给某人提供206 offer sb sth ( offer sth to sb 提供什么东西给某人eg : I offer you water (I offer water to you 我给你提供水207 on one's way to…在谁去那的路上208 on the one hand 一方面on the other hand 另一方面209 on the phone = over the phone 用电话交谈210 on time 准时in time 及时211 one day ＝some day ＝someday 一天，有一天212 one of +可数名词的复数形式213 one to another 一个到另一个214 over and over agin 一遍又一遍的eg : He cleaned the floor over and over agin215 part-time job 兼职工作fall-time job 全职工作216 pay for…付……钱pay the bill 开钱，付钱217 please +do218 please help yourself219 pleased with sb220 pool into = pore into221 practice +doing 练习做某事222 prefer sth to sth 相对……更喜欢……eg : I prefer physics to chemisty 在物理和化学中，我更喜欢物理prefer doing to sth 更喜欢去做…不愿意去做…eg: He prefers riding a bike to diving 他更喜欢骑自行车，不开小车prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做…也不愿eg: My unde prefers to buy a now car rather than repaiv the used one 我叔叔更喜欢买新的车，也不去修旧车prefer sb not to do sth 更愿意…eg: I prefer her not to come 我不喜欢她不来223 pretend to do sth 装着去做什么pretend that 从句eg : The two cheats pretended to be working very hard 这两个骗子装着努力工作He pretended that he did not know the answer 他装着不知道答案224 rather…than 宁可……也不……eg : I would rather be a doctor than a teacher 我愿肯当医生，也不当老师He likes dogs rather than cats 他喜欢狗，不喜欢猫225 regard…as 把……当作……eg: Please give my best regards to your family 请带我向你的家人我最好的问候I regard you as my friend 我把你当作我的朋友He shows little regard for others 他不爱关心别人226 remid sb about sth 提醒某人什么事remid sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事eg : he remids me about cooking (he remids me to cook 他提醒我做饭227 remid sb of sth 使某人想起什么eg : the pictures remind me of my school days 这照片使我想起了我的学校the words that (which) the teacher talke to remind me of my mother228 return sth to sb 还什么东西给某人229 say to oneself 对自己说230 say to sb 对某人说231 sb spend somemoney on sth 花了多少钱在某事上232 sb spend sometime with sb 花了多少时间陪谁233 sb spend sometime(in) doing sth 花了多少时间做某事234 sb with sb +is sb and sb +are235 see sb do 看见某人做过某事see sb doing 看见某人正在做某事236 seem to do/be +adj 显得怎么样eg : You seem to be tired You seem to be happy237 send +sb sth 送给某人某物238 send…to…把什么寄到哪里去？239 shock 使……震惊eg : Oh , It's only you ! You give me a shock 啊，是你呀！吓我一跳240 show sb sth 向某人展示某物eg : I show her the book.241 show sb sth = show sth to sb 拿什么东西给某人看eg: Show me your pen Show your pen to me242 show sth to sb 向某人展示某物eg : I show the book to her.243 some…others…一些……另一些……244 start…with…从……开始begin…with…从……开始245 stay away from 远离……eg : We're told to stay away from the animals whe visiting the zoo 当我们参观zoo 时，我们要远离动物If you want to lose weight you'd better stay auay from the sweet food 徒工你想减肥，你最好远离甜食246 stop doing 停下正在做的事247 stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事248 stop sb(from) doing 阻止某人做某事249 stop to do 停下正在做的事去做下一件事250 such +名这样，这种251 suit sb 适合某人252 surprise sb 使某人惊奇to one's surprise 令某人惊奇253 take classes 上课254 take sb to 把某人带去eg : I take you to the hospital255 take walks = take a walk ＝go for a walk 散步256 ①talk to 对谁说eg : I talk to you②talk with 和谁说eg : I talk with him③talk of 谈到eg : we talked of you ④talk about 谈论关于……257 talk with sb 和某人说话258 teach sb sth 教某人做某事259 tell sb do sth 告诉某人做某事260 tell sb sth tell sb that 丛句tell sb not to do sth tell a story261 tell sb sth 告诉某人某事262 tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做什么tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要做什么263 tell…from…264 thank you for +doing265 the same +名词(doing)+as……266 the same…(名)…as as…(adj adv)…as 相同267 the way to do sth ＝the way of doing st做某方面的方法the way to +地方去哪的路e g :Do you know the way to learn English Do you know the way of learning English268 the way to…（地点）到哪的269 too…to…太怎样而不能……adj +enough to 足够…能…so…that +丛句eg: He is too young to go to school = He is so young that he can't go to schoolHe is old enough to go to school ＝He is so old that he can go to school270 transalte ……into……把什么翻译成什么eg : Trasalte English into chinese271 travel with sb和某人去旅游272 try one's best to do sth尽某人最大的努力去做某事eg: I will try my best to learn English well273 try to do sth 想干什么，但没成功try doing sth 想干什么，已经做过了eg ：He tried to climb 他想爬上去，但没成功He tried climbing 他想爬上去，已经做过了274 try…试衣服have a try 试一下275 turn down 开小←→turn up 开大276 turn off 关上←→turn on 打开open 拆开277 upside down 倒着278 visit to…参观某个地方279 wait for sb 等某人。

(完整版)初中英语语法大全精华版

初中英语语法大全语法网络图一.名词I.II.名词的数：1.规则名词的复数形式：名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。

现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下：名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。

所有格分两种：一是名词词尾加构成，二是由介词 of 加名词构成。

前者多表示有生命的东西，后者多表示无生命的东西。

1.'所有格的构成:' ss father2.'所有格的用法:3.用于无生命的东西： the legs of the chair, the cover of the book 用于有生命的东西，尤其是有较长定语时：the classrooms of the first-year stude nts用于名词化的词： the struggle of the oppressed 二•冠词冠词分为不定冠词（a, an ）,定冠词（the ）,和零冠词。

I.II.s in dustrys end('III.I.II.不定代词用法注意点：1. one, some 与any:1) one可以泛指任何人，也可特指，复数为one& some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句和否定句。

One should lear n to think of others.Have you any bookmarks? No, I don ' t have any bookmarks.I have some questi ons to ask.2) some可用于疑问句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答复，或者表示建议，请求等。

Would you like some banan as?Could you give me some mon ey?3) some和any修饰可数名词单数时，some表示某个，any表示任何一个。

I have read this article in some magaz ine.Please correct the mistakes, if any.4) some和数词连用表示“大约”，any可与比较级连用表示程度。

初中英语语法八大时态总结(完整版)

初中英语语法八大时态一．一般现在时1.结构肯定句式:主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数+其他否定句式:主语+（助动词）don't/doesn't+动词原形+其他一般疑问句式:Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他简略回答:(肯)Yes,主语+do/does(否)No,主语+do/does not缩写形式:don't=do not doesn't=does not例句：He often goes swimming in summer.I usually leave home for school at7every morning.2.用法1）表示经常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态，常与表示频度的副词连用。

常用的频度副词有：always、often、usually、seldom、never、sometimes,every week(day,year, month…),once a week,on Sundays.频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、助动词之后。

例如:He often goes swimming in summer.I usually leave home for school at7every morning.2）表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。

例如：All my family love football.My sister is always ready to help others.Ann writes good English but does not speak well.3)表示客观真理、客观存在、自然现象。

例如：The earth moves around the sun.Shanghai lies in the east of China.4）表示按计划或安排好的，或将要发生的动作，可用一般现在时表将来。

但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place等。

初中英语语法基础知识大全

初中英语语法基础知识大全初中英语相较于小学来说难度大大增加，那么初中英语语法基础知识有哪些呢。

以下是由编辑为大家整理的“初中英语语法基础知识大全”，仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。

初中英语语法基础知识大全一、介词by的用法1、意为“在……旁”，“靠近”。

Some are singing and dancing under a big tree。

Some are drawing by the lake。

有的在大树下唱歌跳舞。

有的在湖边画画儿。

2、意为“不迟于”，“到……时为止”。

Your son will be all right by supper time。

你的儿子在晚饭前会好的。

How many English songs had you learned by the end of last term?到上个学期末你们已经学了多少首英语歌曲?3、表示方法、手段，可译作“靠”、“用”、“凭借”、“通过”、“乘坐”等。

The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing。

猴子用尾巴吊在树上哈哈大笑。

The boy’s father was so thankful that he taught Edison how to send messages by railway telegraph。

孩子的父亲是那么的感激，于是他教爱迪生怎样通过铁路电报来传达信息。

4、表示“逐个”，“逐批”的意思。

One by one they went past the table in the dark。

他们一个一个得在黑暗中经过这张桌子。

5、表示“根据”，“按照”的意思。

What time is it by your watch?你的表几点了?6、和take ， hold等动词连用，说明接触身体的某一部分。

I took him by the hand。

我拉住了他的手。

初中英语语法知识点总结(最新最全)

英语语法大全初中英语语法学习提纲一、词类、句子成分和构词法：1、词类：英语词类分十种：名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。

1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。

如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange.2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。

如：who, she, you, it .3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。

如：good, right, white, orange .4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。

如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth.5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。

如：am, is,are,have,see .6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等如：now, very,here, often, quietly, slowly.7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。

如：a, an, the.8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。

如in, on, from, above, behind.9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。

如and, but, before .10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。

如：oh, well, hi, hello.2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。

1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。

通常用名词或代词担任。

如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐)2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。

主要由动词担任。

如：Jack cleansthe room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间)3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。

人教版初中英语语法完整总结

1 . see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at 感官动词 + sb. +do sth. eg:I like watching monkeys jump.2 .比较级 and 比较级表示越来越怎么样eg:the more the more 越来越多3. a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟容易4 .agree with sb 赞成某人5 .all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样6 .all over the world = the whole world 整个世界7. along with同……一道,伴随……eg : I will go along with you.我将和你一起去The students planted trees along with their teachers. 学生同老师们一起种树8. as soon as 一怎么样就怎么样9 .as you can see 你是知道的正如你所见10 .ask for ……求助向…要… 直接接想要的东西12. ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事13 .at the age of 在……岁时eg：I am sixteen. = I am at the age of sixteen .14.at the beginning of …… ……的起初；……的开始15. at the end of +地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾eg : At the end of the day16.at this time of year 在每年的这个时候17. be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心,自信eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English.I feel that I can pass the test .18. be + doing 表：1 现在进行时 2 将来时19 .be able to + v 原 = can + v 原能够…… eg : She is able to sing .= She can sing. 20. be able to do sth. 能够干什么eg :she is able to sing .21. be afraid to do of sth 恐惧,害怕……eg : I'm afraed to go out at night .I'm afraid of dog.22. be allowed to do 被允许做什么eg: I'm allowed to watch TV. 我被允许看电视I should be allowed to watch TV. 我应该被允许看电视23. be angry with sb 生某人的气eg : Don't be angry with me.24. be angry with at sb for doing sth为什么而生某人的气25.be as…原级…as 和什么一样eg : She is as tall as me. 她和我一样高26.be ashamed to27.be away from 远离28. be away from 从……离开29. be bad for 对什么有害eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes. 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好30. be born 出生于31.be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事be busy with sth 忙于……32. be careful 当心；小心33.be different from…… 和什么不一样34. be famous for 以……着名35. be friendly to sb 对某人友好36. be from = e from 来自eg ：He is from Bejing.He es from Bejing.Is he from Bejing Does he e from Bejing 37. be full of 装满……的be filled with 充满eg: The glass is full of water.The glass is filled with water.38. be glad+to+do/从句39. be going to + v 原将来时40. be good at +doing = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于……41. be good for 对什么有好处eg : Reading aloud is good for your English.42. be happy to do 很高兴做某事43. be helpful to sb 对某人有好处eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you. 大声朗读对你有好处Exercising is helpful to your body. 锻炼对你的身体有好处44. be in good health 身体健康45. be in trouble 处于困难中eg : She is in trouble. They are in tronble.46. be interested in 对某方面感兴趣47. be late for = e late to 迟到eg: Be late for class 上课迟到48. be like 像…… eg : I'm like my mother.49. be mad at 生某人的气50. be made from 由……制成制成以后看不见原材料51. be made of 由……制成制成以后还看得见原材料52.be not sure 表不确定53. be on a visit to 参观54. be popular with sb 受某人欢迎55. be quiet 安静56. be short for ···的缩写eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰57. be sick in bed 生病在床58.be sorry to do sth be sorry for sbeg : I am sorry for you.59. be sorry to hear that60.be sorry to trouble sbeg : I am sorry to trouble you .61. be strict in doing sth 严于做某事eg : He's strict in obeying rules .62. be strict with sb 对某人要求严格eg: Some students are not strict with themselves. 这些学生对自己不严格63. be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格64. be supposed to do 被要求干什么65. be sure 表确定66.be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心eg: He is sure of winning. I am sure of learning English well.67. be sure of sth 对做某事有信心eg: I'm sure of my head. my teacher 我相信我的大脑老师68. be sure that sth 对做某事有信心eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test. 我相信他能通过考试69. be sure to do sth一定会做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test. 我们一定会通过这次考试 We are sure to learn English well. 我们一定能学好英语70. be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕……71.be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事72.be the same as … 和什么一样73. be used to doing sth 习惯做某事eg: My father is used to getting up early. 我爸爸习惯早He is used to sleeping in class. 他习惯上课睡觉74. be worth doing 值-得做什么75. be feel afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物be afraid that 丛句76. because+句子 because of +短语eg : He was late because he had a headache. He was late because of his headache .77. begin to do = start to do 开始做某事start…with…=begin…with… 以什么开始什么eg : Let's begin the game with the song.I begin to go home78.between…and… 两者之间79. borrow sth from sb 向……借…… lend sth to sb lend sb sth 借给……什么东西eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me. He lent me a pen.80.both = the same as = not different from 表相同81. bother 打扰 bother sb to do stheg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station .我十分道歉打扰你,但是你能告诉我怎么去车站The problem has been bothering me for weeks. 这个问题困扰了我几个周了He's bothering me to lend him money .82. by the end of 到……为止83.call sb sth eg : We call him old wang.84. care 关心eg : Don't you care about this country's future 你为什么不关心国家的未来85. catch up with sb 赶上某人86.chat with sb 和某人闲谈87. e in 进88. e over to 过来89. e up with 提出eg: Can you e up with a good idea 你能想出一个好办法吗90. municate with sb 和某人交流91. consider + doing 考虑做什么eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou. 为什么不考虑去泸州92. dance to 随着……跳舞eg : She likes dancing to the music .她喜欢随着音乐跳舞93. decide to do sth 决定做某事94.do a survey of 做某方面的调查95. do better in 在……方面做得更好96. do wrong 做错97.Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事98.Don't mind +doing /从句 /名词不要介意……99. each +名单每一个…eg : Each student has many books.每一个学生都有一些书100.end up +doing101. enjoy +doing喜欢102. escape from 从……逃跑eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison.犯人从监狱里逃跑出来103.expect to do sth 期待做某事104. fall down 摔下来 fall off 从哪摔下来105. fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么106. far from 离某地远eg : The school is far from my home.107.find +it +adj. +to do 发现做某事怎么样108. find sb/sth +adj. 发现什么怎么样eg : I find the book interesting.109.finish 完成+doing 名词110. fit to sb = be fit for sb 适合某人111.forget to do 没有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了eg: Don't forget to go home, I forget closing door . 112.from…to… 从某某到某某eg: From me to her113. get /have sth down 做完,被别人做…eg: I have my hair cut. 我理了发头发被剪了Tom got his bad tooth pulled out. 汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了被牙医拔掉了114. get a part-time job= find a part-time job 115. get along well with sb = get on well with sb 与某人相处得好116. get along with sb = get on with sb 与某人相处117.get ready for = be ready for为什么而准备eg : I get ready for math exam.I am ready for math exam.118.get sb in to trouble给某人制造麻烦,使某人陷入麻烦119.get sb to do sth120.get…from… 从某处得到某物121. give a talk 做报告 eg: He is give a talk. 122. give sth. to sb.= give sb. sth.给某人某物123. go fish 钓鱼 go swimming 游泳124. go on to do 去做下一件事 go on doing 继续做这件事125. go out away from =go out of126. go to school 上学用于专业的 go to the school 去学校不一定是上学127. good way to 好方法128. hate to do 讨厌没做过的事hate doing 讨厌做过的事129. have a party for sb 举办谁的晚会130.have a talk 听报告谈一谈131. have been doing 现在完成进行时eg : You have been talking You have been sleeping since.132.have been to … 地方……去过某过地方have gone to … 地方去了某地还没回来133. have fun +doing 玩得高兴134.have sth to do 有什么事要做eg: I have a lot of homework to do. 我有很多家庭作业要做I have nothing to do. 我没什么事情做135. have to do sth 必须做某事136. have trouble problem in doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦137.have…time +doing138.have… 时间…off 放……假eg: I have month off 我请一个月得假139. hear sb +do/doing 听见某人做某事/正在做某事140. help a lot 很大用处141. help sb with sth \one's sth 帮助某人某事某方面 help sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事142. hope to do sth 希望做某事143. How about +doing = What about +doing 144. how do you like = what do you think of 你对什么的看法145. if : 是否＝wethereg: I don't know if wether I should go to the party .我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会He don't know if wether we will arrive on time tomorrow morning .他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达146. if :如果,假如全部接一般时态＋条件语态从句eg: I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain. 假如明天不下雨,我就去泸州If they change the plan they will let me know. 假如他们要改变计划,他们会让我知道的I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year .如果我明年由足够的钱,我就要去英国147. in one's opinion = sb think 某人认为148. in some ways 在某些方面149.in the end = finally adv 最后150.in the north of… 什么在什么的北方north 北 sowth 南 west 西 east 东151. in the sun 在太阳下152. increase 增加eg : They've increased the piece of petrol by 3% .他们把石油价增加了3%The population has increased from 12 million ten years ago to 18 million now .153. instead of + 名代替eg: I'd like an apple instead of a pear. 我想要苹果,而不要梨子I like English instead of math. 我喜欢英语而不喜欢数学154. introduce sb to sb 介绍某人给某人introduce oneself 自我介绍155. invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事156. It takes sb sometime to do sth 做某人花掉某人多少时间eg : It took me 5 minutes to do my homework . It takes me half an hour to cook.157. It's +adj +for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事怎么样158. It's +adj +to do 做某事怎么样159. It's +adj for sb 对于某人来说怎么样It's +adj of sb 对某人来说太怎么样160. It's +adj for sb to do 对某人来说做某事怎么样It's +adj of sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事太怎么样eg : It's nice of you to help me with my English. 161. It's a good idea for sb to do sth 对…… 来说是个好主意162. It's important to sb 对某人来说很重要eg: It's important to me.163. It's time to do sth = It's time for sth 到了该去做某事的时间eg : It's time to have class It's time for class. 该去上课了164. join = take part in 参加165. just now 刚才166. keep +sb /sth +adj /介词短语让什么保持什么样167. keep out 不让…… 进入168. keep sb adj 让……保持……eg: I want to keep my mother happy/ keep healthy.保持高兴/健康169. key to +名词表示：某物的钥匙或某题的答案170.key to… key 可以是答题或钥匙anser to …ugh at… 取笑……eg : Don't langh at others.We langhed at the joke.172. learn by oneslfe 自学173. learn from sb 向某人学习eg: We should learn from Lei Feng.174. learn to do sth 学做某事175. let sb do sth 让某人做某事176. Let sb down 让某人失望eg ： We shouldn't let our farents down. 我们不应该让我们的父母失望177. live from :离某地远178. live in +大地方 /at +小地方居住在某地eg: I live in LuZhou.She lives at XuanTan . 179. look after = take care of 照顾照看180.lose one's way 谁迷路eg : Lose your way. 你迷路了181. make a decision to do sth 决定做某事182. make friends with sb 和谁成为朋友eg : I want to make friends with you. 183. make it early 把时间定的早一点184. make on exhibition of oneself 让某人出洋相185. make sb /n +n 使什么成为什么eg : I made you my wife.186. make sb /sth +adj 使某人某物怎么样eg : You must made your bed clean.187. make sb /sth adj 使某人/某物怎么样188. make sb do sth 让某人做某事eg : I made him write. 我以前让他写189. make up be made up of 被动语态由……组成190.make…difference to…191. mind sb to do mind one's doing 介意……做什么192. most +名 most of +代193. much too +形容词194.must be 一定195. need +名词196. need sb do sth 需要某人做某事197. need to do 实义动词 need do 情态动词198. no /neithr of hate to do no /neithr of hate doing199. no +名词200. not anymore = no more 再也不……eg: He didn't cry any more He cried no more. 他再也不哭201.not… 形、副 at alleg: He's not tall at all she doesn't junp far at all .202.not…at all 一点都不203. no t…either 表否定,也不eg : I don't have sister, either. 我也没有姐姐204.not…until 直到……才…… eg: I didn't sleep until my mother came back. The child didn't stop crying until I give her sugar.205. offer / provide sb with sth 给某人提供206. offer sb sth offer sth to sb 提供什么东西给某人eg : I offer you water . I offer water to you . 我给你提供水207.on one's way to… 在谁去那的路上208. on the one hand 一方面on the other hand 另一方面209. on the phone = over the phone 用电话交谈210. on time 准时 in time 及时211.one day ＝some day ＝someday 一天,有一天212. one of +可数名词的复数形式213. one to another 一个到另一个214. over and over agin 一遍又一遍的eg : He cleaned the floor over and over agin . 215. part-time job 兼职工作 fall-time job 全职工作216.pay for… 付……钱 pay the bill 开钱 ,付钱217. please +do218. please help yourself219. pleased with sb220. pool into = pore into221. practice +doing 练习做某事222. prefer sth to sth 相对……更喜欢……eg : I prefer physics to chemisty.在物理和化学中,我更喜欢物理prefer doing to sth 更喜欢去做…不愿意去做… eg: He prefers riding a bike to diving.他更喜欢骑自行车,不开小车prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做…也不愿eg: My unde prefers to buy a now car rather than repaiv the used one. 我叔叔更喜欢买新的车,也不去修旧车prefer sb not to do sth 更愿意…eg: I prefer her not to e 我不喜欢她不来223. pretend to do sth 装着去做什么pretend that 从句eg : The two cheats pretended to be working very hard .这两个骗子装着努力工作He pretended that he did not know the answer .他装着不知道答案224 .rather…than 宁可……也不……eg : I would rather be a doctor than a teacher. 我愿肯当医生,也不当老师He likes dogs rather than cats. 他喜欢狗,不喜欢猫225.regard…as 把……当作……eg: Please give my best regards to your family. 请带我向你的家人我最好的问候I regard you as my friend. 我把你当作我的朋友He shows little regard for others.他不爱关心别人226. remid sb about sth 提醒某人什么事remid sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事eg : he remids me about cooking He remids me to cook. 他提醒我做饭227. remid sb of sth 使某人想起什么eg : The pictures remind me of my school days. 这照片使我想起了我的学校T he wor ds that which the teacher talke to remind me of my mother.228. return sth to sb 还什么东西给某人229. say to oneself 对自己说230. say to sb 对某人说231. sb spend somemoney on sth 花了多少钱在某事上232. sb spend sometime with sb 花了多少时间陪谁233. sb spend sometime in doing sth 花了多少时间做某事234. sb with sb +is sb and sb +are235. see sb do 看见某人做过某事see sb doing 看见某人正在做某事236. seem to do/be +adj 显得怎么样eg : You seem to be tired .You seem to be happy. 237. send +sb sth 送给某人某物238.send…to…把什么寄到哪里去239. shock 使……震惊eg : Oh , It's only you You give me a shock .啊,是你呀吓我一跳240. show sb sth 向某人展示某物eg : I show her the book.241. show sb sth = show sth to sb 拿什么东西给某人看eg: Show me your pen.= Show your pen to me. 242. show sth to sb 向某人展示某物eg : I show the book to her.243. some…others… 一些……另一些…… 244.start…with… 从……开始begin…with… 从……开始245. stay away from 远离……eg : We're told to stay away from the animals whe visiting the zoo.当我们参观zoo 时,我们要远离动物If you want to lose weight you'd better stay auay from the sweet food.如果你想减肥,你最好远离甜食246. stop doing 停下正在做的事247. stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事248. stop sb from doing 阻止某人做某事249. stop to do 停下正在做的事去做下一件事250. such +名这样 ,这种251. suit sb 适合某人252. surprise sb 使某人惊奇to one's surprise 令某人惊奇253. take classes 上课254. take sb to 把某人带去eg : I take you to the hospital.255. take walks = take a walk ＝ go for a walk 散步256.①talk to 对谁说eg : I talk to you .② talk with 和谁说 eg : I talk with him .③ talk of 谈到 eg : we talked of you.④ talk about 谈论关于…… 257. talk with sb 和某人说话258. teach sb sth 教某人做某事259. tell sb do sth 告诉某人做某事260. tell sb sth tell sb that丛句 tell sb not to do sth tell a story 261. tell sb sth 告诉某人某事262. tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做什么tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要做什么263.tell…from…264. thank you for +doing265. the same +名词doing +as……266.the same… 名…asas… adj adv …as 相同267. the way to do sth ＝ the way of doing sth 做某方面的方法the way to +地方去哪的路e g :Do you know the way to learn English.Do you know the way of learning English. 268. the way to… 地点到哪的269.too…to… 太怎样而不能……adj +enough to 足够…能…so…that +丛句eg: He is too young to go to school.= He is so young that he can't go to school He is old enough to go to school .＝ He is so old that he can go to school . 270.transalte ……into…… 把什么翻译成什么eg : Trasalte English into chinese .271. travel with sb和某人去旅游272.try one's best to do sth尽某人最大的努力去做某事eg: I will try my best to learn English well. 273. try to do sth 想干什么,但没成功try doing sth 想干什么,已经做过了eg ：He tried to climb. 他想爬上去但没成功He tried climbing.他想爬上去已经做过了274.try…试衣服 have a try 试一下275. turn down 开小←→ turn up 开大276. turn off 关上←→ turn on 打开 open 拆开277.upside down 倒着278.visit to… 参观某个地方279.wait for sb 等某人。

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五．介词 I.

介词分类：

1 简单介词

about, across, after, against, among, around, at, b

elow, beyond, during, in, on

2 合成介词

inside, into, onto, out of, outside, throughout, upo

n, within, without

3 短语介词

according to, because of, instead of, up to, due t

o, owing to, thanks to

4 双重介词

from among, from behind, from under, till after,

in between

5 分词转化成的介词 considering(就而论), including 6 形容词转化成的介词 like, unlike, near, next, opposite II. 常用介词区别：

1 表示时间的in, on, at at表示片刻的时间，in表示一段的时间，on总是与日子

有关

2 表示时间的since, from since 指从过去到现在的一段时间，和完成时连用，from指从时间的某一点开始

3 表示时间的in, after in指在一段时间之后，after表示某一具体时间点之后或用在过去时的一段时间中 4 表示地理位置的in, oin表示在某范围内，on指与什么毗邻，to指在某环境范n, to 围之外 5 表示“在…上”的on, in on只表示在某物的表面上，in表示占去某物一部分

6 表示“穿过”的through, across through表示从内部通过，与in有关，across表示在表

面上通过，与on有关

7 表示“关于”的about, on about指涉及到，on指专门论述

8 between与among的区别 between表示在两者之间，among用于三者或三者以上的中间 9 besides与except的区别 besides指“除了…还有再加上”，except指“除了，减去什么”，不放在句首 1

0 表示“用”的in, with with表示具体的工具，in表示材料，方式，方法，度量，

单位，语言，声音 11 as与like的区别 as意为“作为，以…地位或身份”，like为“象…一样”，

指情形相似 12 in与into区别 in通常表示位置（静态），into表示动向，不表示目的

地或位置六．动词 I.

动词的时态： 1. 动词的时态一共有16种，以ask为例，将其各种时态的构成形式列表如下：

现在时过去时将来时过去将来时一般 ask / asks asked shall/will ask should/would ask 进行 am/is/are asking was/were asking shall/will be asking should/would be asking

完成 have/has asked had asked shall/will have asked should/would have asked

完成进行

have/has been asking had been asking shall/will have been asking should/would have

been asking 2. 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别： 1) 现在完成时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状况，但和现在有联系，强调的是对现在造成的影响或结果，它不能同表示过去的时间状语连用，汉译英时可加“已经”等词。简言之，利用过去，说明现在。如： I have already read the novel written by the world-famous writer. (已经看过，

且了解这本书的内容) 2) 一般过去时只表示过去发生的动作或状态，和现在无关，它可和表示过去的时间状语连用，汉译英时可加“过”，“了”等词。简言之，仅谈过去，不关现在。如： I read the novel last month. (只说明上个月看了，不涉及现在是否记住)

I lived in Beijing for ten years.（只说明在北京住过十年，与现在无关） 3. 现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别：两者都可以表示“从过去开始一直持续到现在”，在含义上如着重表示动作的结果时，多用现在完成时，如着重表示动作一直在进行，即动作的延续性时，则多用现在完成进行时。一般不能用于进行时的动词也不能用于现在完成进行时。 I have read that book.我读过那本书了。

I have been reading that book all the morning. 我早上一直在读那本书。 4. 一般将来时的表达方式：将来时用法例句 1 will/shall+动词原形表示将来发生的动作或存在的状

态

My sister will be ten

next year.

2 be going to+动词原形含有“打算，计划，即将”做某事，或表示很有可能要发生某事 It’s going to clear up. We’re going to have a party tonight.

3 be + doing 进行时表示将来

go, come, start, move, leav

e, arrive等词可用进行时表示按计划即将发生的动作

He is moving to the south. Are they leaving for Europe?

4 be about to + 动词原形表示安排或计划中的马上就要发

生的动作，后面一般不跟时间状语

I was about to leave when the bell rang. The meeting is about to close.

5 be to + 动词原形表示按计划进行或征求对方意见

We’re to meet at the

school gate at noon.

6 一般现在时表示将来时刻表上或日程安排上早就定好的事情，可用一般现在时表示将来

The meeting starts at five o’clock. The plane leaves at ten this evening. II. 动词的被动语态：常用被动语态构成常用被动语态构成

1 一般现在时 am/is/are asked 6 过去进行时

was/were being ask

2 一般过去时 was/were asked 7 现在完成时

have/has been aske

3 一般将来时 shall/will be asked 8 过去完成时 had been asked

4 过去将来时 should/would be asked 9 将来完成时

will/would have bee

n asked

5 现在进行时 am/is/are being asked 10 含有情态动词的

can/must/may be a

sked

注意事项

被动语态的否定式是在第一个助动词或情态动词后加not，短语动词的被动态不可漏掉其中介副词。固定结构be going to, used to, have to, had better变为被动态时，只需将其后的动词变为被动态。如： Trees should not be planted in summer. / The boy was made f

un of by his classmates. Newspapers used to be sent here by the little girl. 汉语有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构表示。如： It is believed that…

It is generally considered that… It is said that… It is well known that… It must be pointed out that… It is supposed that… It is reported that… It must be admitted that… It is hoped that… 下面主动形式常表示被动意义：如： The window wants/needs/requires repairing.

The book is worth reading twice. The door won’t shut. / The play won’t act. The clothes washes well. / The book sells well. The dish tastes delicious. / Water feels very cold. 下面词或短语没有被动态： leave, enter, reach, become, benefit, cost, equal, contain, last, la

ck, fit, fail, have, appear, happen, occur, belong to, take place, break out, come about, agree with, keep up with, consist of, have on, lose heart等等七．情态动词 I.

情态动词基本用法：情态动词用法否定式疑问式与简答

can 能力（体力，智力，技能）允许或许可（口语中常用）可能性（表猜测，用于否定

can not / cannot /can’t do Can…do…?

Yes,…can.