莎士比亚十四行诗第十八首赏析
莎士比亚十四行诗第十八首赏析
摘要：莎士比亚是英国文学史上泰斗级人物。他创作的的154首十四行一向为时人推崇。十四行诗达到了登峰造极的程度，成为英诗史上璀璨的明珠。这理所要赏析的是莎翁十四行诗的第十八首，其热烈的情怀，精致的措辞和美妙的比喻，，不知令多少学者和诗人叹服，赏析文字者莫不称颂其妙。
关键词：莎士比亚十四行诗第18首
诗人一开头就把他的爱友比作美好的“夏天”，其中“夏天”一词颇有争论，很多学者认为应该翻译成春天，但以我个人的观点，还是应该译成夏天。因为英国的夏天相当于我国的春天或春末夏初，这是一年中最美好的季节，风和日暖，枝头绿叶冒新芽，百花含苞待开放，大地充满一派生机活力，迷人可爱。开篇第一句便直入主题，用一问一答得方式毫不含蓄的点名她的美。虽然夏天如此美丽，但仍然不及她之美。作者意不在提出疑问，而是通过疑问句，引出第二句肯定的回答，恰如其分地达到赞赏的目的，诗人如此煞费，说明她的美丽不仅令他赞赏，而且还令他崇敬。这比开篇便用一陈述句更有说服力。
接着第3456句，诗人进一步解释为什么“你比它可爱也比它温婉”，那是因为“狂风”会把“五月的嫩芽摧残”，“夏天的期限”太过于短暂，阳光过于“强烈”，有时却也会被“遮掩”。这一系列的意象，为我们勾勒出一副副夏景图，引人遐想。其中不难看出，作者对这一副副图景产生的是一种怜惜之情，这时让我们不禁思考，那诗人对她的怜爱，该有多么深沉。
后接着的两句：“世上娇艳之物都会凋零，受机缘或大自然的局限”，为我们阐释这样一个哲理：世界上所有美丽的事物都会有遵循着大自然的规律，随着时间的流逝而消失。这虽为一个众所周知的事实，却令古今多少文人墨客所感叹。
接着，诗人用一个转折，说“你的长夏永远不会消逝，永不会失去迷人的光彩；不会在死神阴影中漂泊”这的用暗喻的手法，将她的美丽比作“长夏”，意为有夏天的美丽，而且比夏天更长，有取夏天之长，补夏天之短的意味。后面接着补充，他的美丽不会时间而失去光泽，永远留存。
“这诗将与你同在，只要人活着，眼睛还能看。这诗将永存，赋予你生命。”到最后，诗人转向写诗歌，说诗歌是永存的。从这里我们不难看出，诗人内心是矛盾的，他大肆笔墨去描写他的美，去高歌他的美是永存的，事实上他只是在欺骗他自己，他深知“世上娇艳之物都会凋零，受机缘或大自然的局限”，当然他的美丽也属于“世上娇艳之物”，可是诗人不愿意承认，他无法说服他自己去接受这个事实，于是他想把他的美丽长存于他的心中，但是每个人都会到死神那里报到，怎么办呢?这时，他知道了，永存的，只有诗歌，他只有将他的美丽写入诗歌，才能永恒。
本诗的主题思想为：爱和美。这首诗以夏天的意象展开了想象，我们的脑海会立即浮现出绿荫的繁茂，娇蕾的艳丽。夏日既表示诗人的友人可爱，让人感到可意，又暗指他的友人正处于年轻、精力旺盛的时期，因为夏天总是充满了生机和活力。万物在春季复苏，夏天旺盛，所以夏天是生命最旺盛的季节，诗歌前六句，诗人歌颂了诗中的主人公“你”作为美的存在，却把“夏天”、“娇蕾”和“烈日”都比下去，因为它们不够“温婉”、“太短暂”、“会被遮暗”，所以“你”的魅力远远胜于夏天。第七和第八两句指出每一种美都会转瞬即逝，禁不住风吹雨打，而第九句到第十二句指出“你”的美将永驻，连死神都望而却步，与时间同长的美才是永恒的美。因为“你”在诗歌中永恒，千百年来天地间只要有诗歌艺术的存在，诗歌和“你”就能够永生。所以“你”的美永不枯凋，这是一种生命的美，艺术的美，永驻人间。
这首诗语言优美，不仅体现在用词的精确上，而且还体现在表达方法的多变上，
全诗使用的了大量的修辞手法。在这一首简短的十四行诗中，莎士比亚灵活巧妙地运用了多种修辞手法，这些修辞手法为表达主题锦上添花，更体现了莎士比亚诗歌中的语言之美。诗歌中所运用到的修辞手法一一细数开来，如明喻、暗喻、拟人、矛盾修饰法等等，不少于十种。
明喻和设问的使用。诗歌中的第一行“能不能让我来把你比作夏日？”就使用了明喻和设问两种修辞手法。明喻是对表面上不相似的东西进行明确的比拟，找出两者的相似之处。夏天和“你”的相似之处就是都是美的体现。这一句同时也是一个设问句，即它形式上是个疑问句，但不需要作答，因为它的答案本身就很清楚。
暗喻和拟人的使用。暗喻是对表面上不相似的东西进行不明确的比拟。如在第四行，夏季的日子又未免太短暂中用到的“期限”这个词上，意思是把夏日比作是房屋，是向大自然租借来的东西，因此它的使用期是有限的；同时也暗指青春、美丽持续的时间都是有限的。拟人是将一件事情、一个物体，或一个想法当作人物来呈现。
双关和夸张的使用。双关是一种文字游戏，指利用读音或词根相似的词的不同含义或语法功能。英语里的双关有两种，一种是利用同一个词的不同意思；另一种是利用同一个词的不同语法功能。该诗用到的双关属於前一种情况，在第七行“世上娇艳之物都会凋零，受机缘或大自然的局限”，这里的两个“娇艳之物”含义就不同，第一个意为“美的人或物”，而第二个的意思则是指“美本身”，所以这是
运用了双关。夸张就是言过其实的陈述，一般是为了强调。夸张的手法在该诗中也多次使用，如第九行中的“永恒”这个词上。根据自然规律，每一种美的事物都将逐渐丧失其美丽，那么诗中人的美又怎能永恒呢？“不会在死神阴影中漂泊”，每个人早晚总免不了一死，我们都不可能不朽，那么诗中人又怎能不受这种自然规律的约束呢？
诗中除了使用到以上修辞手法外，还使用了倒装和矛盾等多种手法。从以上的分析可以看出这首十四行诗中用到的修辞格不仅多，而且全面，我们不得不为莎士比亚语言艺术的风采所折服、感叹。
总的来说，莎士比亚的这首诗为我们描绘了夏日的璀璨，无论从形式还是内容，从主题方面还是语言方面，都能堪称是诗歌中的精品。这首诗描绘了生命与自然是永恒的和谐美好的存在，唤起我们
对生活和生命的热爱。它让我们感到人与自然息息相融，它犹如大自然变幻的感觉，掠过我们的发际，走过我们赏花于五月的心田，并凝住我们美好的希望。这种贮藏于心灵的永恒之美与世之真爱，应该为全人类共同拥有，永世传唱。
莎士比亚十四行诗第十八首赏析
莎士比亚十四行诗第十八首赏析 摘要：莎士比亚是英国文学史上泰斗级人物。他创作的的154首十四行一向为时人推崇。十四行诗达到了登峰造极的程度，成为英诗史上璀璨的明珠。这理所要赏析的是莎翁十四行诗的第十八首，其热烈的情怀，精致的措辞和美妙的比喻，，不知令多少学者和诗人叹服，赏析文字者莫不称颂其妙。 关键词：莎士比亚十四行诗第18首 诗人一开头就把他的爱友比作美好的“夏天”，其中“夏天”一词颇有争论，很多学者认为应该翻译成春天，但以我个人的观点，还是应该译成夏天。因为英国的夏天相当于我国的春天或春末夏初，这是一年中最美好的季节，风和日暖，枝头绿叶冒新芽，百花含苞待开放，大地充满一派生机活力，迷人可爱。开篇第一句便直入主题，用一问一答得方式毫不含蓄的点名她的美。虽然夏天如此美丽，但仍然不及她之美。作者意不在提出疑问，而是通过疑问句，引出第二句肯定的回答，恰如其分地达到赞赏的目的，诗人如此煞费，说明她的美丽不仅令他赞赏，而且还令他崇敬。这比开篇便用一陈述句更有说服力。 接着第3456句，诗人进一步解释为什么“你比它可爱也比它温婉”，那是因为“狂风”会把“五月的嫩芽摧残”，“夏天的期限”太过于短暂，阳光过于“强烈”，有时却也会被“遮掩”。这一系列的意象，为我们勾勒出一副副夏景图，引人遐想。其中不难看出，作者对这一副副图景产生的是一种怜惜之情，这时让我们不禁思考，那诗人对她的怜爱，该有多么深沉。 后接着的两句：“世上娇艳之物都会凋零，受机缘或大自然的局限”，为我们阐释这样一个哲理：世界上所有美丽的事物都会有遵循着大自然的规律，随着时间的流逝而消失。这虽为一个众所周知的事实，却令古今多少文人墨客所感叹。 接着，诗人用一个转折，说“你的长夏永远不会消逝，永不会失去迷人的光彩；不会在死神阴影中漂泊”这的用暗喻的手法，将她的美丽比作“长夏”，意为有夏天的美丽，而且比夏天更长，有取夏天之长，补夏天之短的意味。后面接着补充，他的美丽不会时间而失去光泽，永远留存。 “这诗将与你同在，只要人活着，眼睛还能看。这诗将永存，赋予你生命。”到最后，诗人转向写诗歌，说诗歌是永存的。从这里我们不难看出，诗人内心是矛盾的，他大肆笔墨去描写他的美，去高歌他的美是永存的，事实上他只是在欺骗他自己，他深知“世上娇艳之物都会凋零，受机缘或大自然的局限”，当然他的美丽也属于“世上娇艳之物”，可是诗人不愿意承认，他无法说服他自己去接受这个事实，于是他想把他的美丽长存于他的心中，但是每个人都会到死神那里报到，怎么办呢?这时，他知道了，永存的，只有诗歌，他只有将他的美丽写入诗歌，才能永恒。 本诗的主题思想为：爱和美。这首诗以夏天的意象展开了想象，我们的脑海会立即浮现出绿荫的繁茂，娇蕾的艳丽。夏日既表示诗人的友人可爱，让人感到可意，又暗指他的友人正处于年轻、精力旺盛的时期，因为夏天总是充满了生机和活力。万物在春季复苏，夏天旺盛，所以夏天是生命最旺盛的季节，诗歌前六句，诗人歌颂了诗中的主人公“你”作为美的存在，却把“夏天”、“娇蕾”和“烈日”都比下去，因为它们不够“温婉”、“太短暂”、“会被遮暗”，所以“你”的魅力远远胜于夏天。第七和第八两句指出每一种美都会转瞬即逝，禁不住风吹雨打，而第九句到第十二句指出“你”的美将永驻，连死神都望而却步，与时间同长的美才是永恒的美。因为“你”在诗歌中永恒，千百年来天地间只要有诗歌艺术的存在，诗歌和“你”就能够永生。所以“你”的美永不枯凋，这是一种生命的美，艺术的美，永驻人间。 这首诗语言优美，不仅体现在用词的精确上，而且还体现在表达方法的多变上，
sonnet 18 莎士比亚的作品《第十八行诗》赏析 英文版
The speaker of the poem opens with a question that is addressed to the beloved, "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?" This question is comparing her to the summer time of the year. It is during this time when the flowers are blooming, trees are full of leaves, the weather is warm, and it is generally thought of as an enjoyable time during the year. The following eleven lines in the poem are also dedicated to similar comparisons between the beloved and summer days. In lines 2 and 3, the speaker explains what mainly separates the young woman from the summer's day: she is "more lovely and more temperate." (Line 2) Summer's days tend toward extremes: they are sometimes shaken by "rough winds" (line3) which happens and is not always as welcoming as the woman. However in line 4, the speaker gives the feeling again that the summer months are often to short by saying, "And summer抯lease hath too short a date." In the summer days, the sun, "the eye of heaven" (line 5), often shines "too hot," or too dim, "his gold complexion dimmed" (line 6), that is there are many hot days during the summer but soon the sun begins to set earlier at night because autumn is approaching. Summer is moving along too quickly for the speaker, its time here needs to be longer, and it also means that the chilling of autumn is coming upon us because the flowers will soon be withering, as "every fair from fair sometime declines." (Line 7) The final portion of the sonnet tells how the beloved differs from the summer in various respects. Her beauty will be one that lasts forever, "Thy eternal summer shall not fade." (Line 9), and never end or die. In the couplet at the bottom, the speaker explains how that the beloved's beauty will accomplish this everlasting life unlike a summer. And it is because her beauty is kept alive in this poem, which will last forever. It will live "as long as men can breathe or eyes can see." (Line 13)On the surface, the poem is on the surface simply a statement of praise about the beauty of the beloved woman and perhaps summer to the speaker is sometimes too unpleasant with the extremes of windiness and heat that go along with it. However, the beloved in the poem is always mild and temperate by her nature and nothing at all like the summer. It is incidentally brought to life as being described as the "eye of heaven" with its "gold complexion". The imagery throughout the sonnet is simple and attainable to the reader, which is a key factor in understanding the poem. Then the speaker begins to describe the summer again with the "darling buds of May" giving way to the " summer’s lease", springtime moving into the warmth of the summer. The speaker then starts to promise to talk about this beloved, that is so great and awing that she is to live forever in this sonnet. The beloved is so great that the speaker will even go as far as to say that, "So long as men breathe, or eyes can see," the woman will live. The language is almost too simple when comparing it to the rest of Shakespeare’s sonnets; it is not heavy with alliteration or verse, and nearly every line is its own self-contained clause, almost every line ends with some punctuation that effects a pause. But it is this that makes Sonnet18 stand out for the rest in the book. It is much more attainable to understand and it allows for the reader to fully understand how great this beloved truly is because she may live forever in it. An important theme of the sonnet, as it is an important theme throughout much of the poetry in general, is the power of the speaker's poem to defy time and last forever. And so by doing this it is then carrying the beauty of the beloved down to future generations and eventually
莎士比亚十四行诗第十八首
莎士比亚十四行诗第十八首 Sonnet 18 铁冰译文 1 Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? 我该不该把你比作怡人的夏天？ 2 Thou art more lovely and more temperate: 你却比她更加可爱更加温情。 3 Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, 五月的娇蕊总是被狂风吹断， 4 And summer's lease hath all too short a date: 夏天也只是一道短暂的美景。 5 Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, 苍穹的目光有时会过于灼热， 6 And often is his gold complexion dimm'd; 那金色的脸庞也常黯淡无光。 7 And every fair from fair sometime declines, 人间一切瑰丽终将失去秀色， 8 By chance, or nature's changing course, untrimm'd; 湮没于不测风云和世事沧桑。 9 But thy eternal summer shall not fade, 但是，你常青的夏季永不消逝，10 Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest; 你拥有的美丽也将永不折损， 11 Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade, 或许死神的阴影会笼罩着你， 12 When in eternal lines to time thou growest; 你却和这不朽的诗句千古长存。 13 So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, 只要人类还在呼吸、眼睛还在欣赏， 14 So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. 我的诗就会活着，令你生命绽放。 译注： 原诗每行10个音节，非常整齐。前人翻译时总喜欢使译文每行保持字数相同，这其实是一种作茧自缚，强求形式上的绝对整齐，往往限制了内容的完美。前人的译文常常有凑韵（为了押韵，用词勉强）、不流畅和用词搭配不当的毛病，其原因在此。更重要的是，英文原诗有着非常讲究的格律，每行都含有相同数量的重音节和轻音节，朗诵时每行所用时间基本一致；而对每行字数相同的中译文进行朗诵时，每行所用的时间则不尽相同，因为每行译文中所含有的虚词（如“的”、“地”、“了”，朗读时较轻声、短促）个数未必相同。因此，笔者的译文不强求每行字数相同，这样便将内容从形式中解放出来，得以更好地协调，且更利于押韵和用词的搭配。 此诗的翻译中，值得注意的几处是： 第3行：darling buds of May有人译为“五月宠爱的嫩蕊”，其实darling是“可爱的”之意，所以还是译为“五月的娇蕊”更好。 第4行：lease前人经常译成“租赁的期限”，令人费解，应该是“持续的时间”之意。此行的意思是“夏天持续的时间实在太短”，这样的陈述缺乏诗味。笔者将该行意译为“夏天也只是一道极短的美景”，化用了中文的习语“好景不长”，不但忠实原文，颇有诗味，而且于与第二行译文押韵自然。 第5行：一般认为该行中的eye of heaven是“太阳”的妙喻，因此前人常将此行译为“有时候天空的眼睛照得太灼热（或酷烈）”，这样保留了“眼睛”的意向，似乎很好，但从字面上看，
莎士比亚十四行诗第八首赏析
我是否可以把你比喻成夏天？Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?虽然你比夏天更可爱更温和：Thou art more lovely and more temperate:狂风会使五月娇蕾红消香断，Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,夏天拥有的时日也转瞬即过；And summer's lease hath all too short a date:有时天空之巨眼目光太炽热，Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,它金灿灿的面色也常被遮暗；And often is his gold complexion dimmed,而千芳万艳都终将凋零飘落，And every fair from fair sometime declines,被时运天道之更替剥尽红颜；By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed: 但你永恒的夏天将没有止尽，But thy eternal summer shall not fade,你所拥有的美貌也不会消失，Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,死神终难夸口你游荡于死荫，Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade,当你在不朽的诗中永葆盛时；When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st,只要有人类生存，或人有眼睛，So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,我的诗就会流传并赋予你生命。So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.注：第11行语出《旧约?诗篇》第23篇第4节：“虽然我穿行于死荫之幽谷，但我不怕罹祸，因为你与我同在……”英文赏析：This is one of the most famous of all the sonnets, justifiably so. But it would be a mistake to take it entirely in isolation, for it links in with so many of the other sonnets through the themes of the descriptive power of verse; the ability of the poet to depict the fair youth adequately, or not; and the immortality conveyed through being hymned in these 'eternal lines'. It is noticeable that here the poet is full of confidence that his verse will live as long as there are people drawing breath upon the earth, whereas later he apologises for his poor wit and his humble lines which are inadequate to encompass all the youth's excellence. Now, perhaps in the early days of his love, there is no such self-doubt and the eternal summer of the youth is preserved forever in the poet's lines. The poem also works at a rather curious level of achieving its objective through dispraise. The summer's day is found to be lacking in so many respects (too short, too hot, too rough, sometimes too dingy), but curiously enough one is left with the abiding impression that 'the lovely boy' is in fact like a summer's day at its best, fair, warm, sunny, temperate, one of the darling buds of May, and that all his beauty has been wonderfully highlighted by the comparison。这是整体赏析 1. Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? This is taken usually to mean 'What if I were to compare thee etc?' The stock comparisons of the loved one to all the beauteous things in nature hover in the background throughout. One also remembers Wordsworth's lines: We'll talk of sunshine and of song,And summer days when we were young, Sweet childish days which were as longAs twenty days are now.Such reminiscences are indeed anachronistic, but with the recurrence of words such as 'summer', 'days', 'song', 'sweet', it is not difficult to see the permeating influence of the Sonnets on Wordsworth's verse. 2. Thou art more lovely and more temperate: The youth's beauty is more perfect than the beauty of a summer day. more temperate - more gentle, more restrained, whereas the summer's day might have violent excesses in store, such as are about to be described. 3. Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, May was a summer month in Shakespeare's time, because the calendar in use lagged behind the true sidereal calendar by at least a fortnight. darling buds of May - the beautiful, much loved buds of the early summer; favourite flowers. 4. And summer's lease hath all too short a date: Legal terminology. The summer holds a lease on part of the year, but the lease is too short, and has an early termination (date). 5. Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, Sometime = on occasion, sometimes; the eye of heaven = the sun. 6. And often is his gold complexion dimmed, his gold complexion = his (the sun's) golden face. It would be dimmed by clouds and on overcast days
莎士比亚十四行诗
请背诵英文，中文仅供参考. 莎士比亚十四行诗,第十八首 Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer's lease hath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold complexion dimm'd, And every fair from fair sometime declines, By chance, or nature's changing course untrimm'd: But thy eternal summer shall not fade, Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st, Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st, So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. 我怎么能够把你来比作夏天？ 你不独比它可爱也比它温婉： 狂风把五月宠爱的嫩蕊作践， 夏天出赁的期限又未免太短： 天上的眼睛有时照得太酷烈， 它那炳耀的金颜又常遭掩蔽： 被机缘或无常的天道所摧折， 没有芳艳不终于雕残或销毁。 但是你的长夏永远不会雕落， 也不会损失你这皎洁的红芳， 或死神夸口你在他影里漂泊，
莎士比亚十四行诗第18首
Sonnet: A fourteen-line lyric poem, usually written in rhymed iambic pentameter. There are generally two kinds of sonnets: the Petrarchan sonnet and the Shakespearean sonnet. The Shakespearean sonnet consists of 3 quatrains and one couplet. The three quatrains are devoted to the different aspects of one subject, paralleling in structure. The concluding couplet is actually the summary or comments made by the poet. One telling example is Sonnet 18 by Shakespeare. Soliloquy: It refers to an extended speech delivered by a character alone onstage. The character reveals his or her innermost thoughts and feelings directly to the audience, as if thinking aloud. One of the most famous soliloquies is the part of Shakespeare’s Hamlet, beginning with the line “To be, or not to be: that is the question.” Conceit: Conceit is actually an extended metaphor. It refers to the comparison drawn between two startlingly different objects. The leading figure of the “Metaphysical School”, John Donne, makes a high use of c onceits in his poetic creation. For instance, he compares the souls of lovers to compasses. Imagery：A general term that covers the use of language to represent sensory experience. It refers to the words that create pictures or images in the reader’s mind. Images are primarily visual and can appeal to other senses as well, touch, taste, smell and hearing. Ode： A complex and often lengthy lyric poem, written in a dignified formal style on some lofty or serious subject. Odes are often written for a special occasion, to honor a person or a season or to commemorate an event. Two famous odes are Percy Shelley’s “Ode to the West Wind” and John Keats’s “Ode on a Grecian Urn”. 莎士比亚十四行诗第18首 William Shakespeare - Sonnet #18 Shall I compare thee to a Summer's day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And Summer's lease hath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And oft' is his gold complexion dimm'd; And every fair from fair sometime declines, By chance or nature's changing course untrimm'd: But thy eternal Summer shall not fade Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest; Nor shall Death brag thou wanderest in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou growest:
莎士比亚十四行诗浅析
赏析莎士比亚十四行诗第146首 提示： 1.这个作业不是单纯地解决“写什么”的问题，而是通过分析“怎样写” 来达到对“写什么”的揭示。即结合诗歌多种艺术技巧的运用来分析其 主题思想，不要仅就主题谈主题和随意发挥地谈感想。注意以下方面： 2.分析意象的运用及其对思想主题的表达，注意意象的特点，思考这些意 象是否最有效地表达了主题。 3.分析诗歌的言说方式。谁在说、对谁说、怎样说（包括语气与句式），这 些都值得注意，并考虑其表意效果。 4.注意诗歌的表意结构，注意诗歌情感表达的层次关系。 5.英语好的同学可以分析原诗的词语运用。 6.可结合文化、哲学、宗教思想背景评价诗歌的主题。 十四行诗第146首 莎士比亚 可怜的灵魂，我这有罪身躯的中心， 你被浓妆艳服、这些你所嫌恶的力量所包裹； 你为何暗中憔悴，忍受着饥馑， 却把外壁妆得如此耀眼堂皇？ 这住所租期极短，又临近颓败倾坍， 难道还值得你这样铺张阔绰？ 是否要让蛆虫来享受这丰美的筵席， 把它吃个精光？这才算是肉体应有的归宿？ 靠你的奴仆的损耗来度日吧，灵魂， 让他消瘦，以便增加你的贮藏； 拿无聊的时日去兑换神圣的永恒； 让内心得滋养，别管外表堂皇： 这样，你就能吃掉吃人的死神， 而死神一死，死亡就不会再发生。
THE SONNETS NO.146 William Shakespeare Poor soul, the centre of my sinful earth, ［Fool'd by］these rebel powers that thee array. Why dost thou pine within and suffer dearth, Painting thy outward walls so costly gay? Why so large cost, having so short a lease, Dost thou upon thy fading mansion spend? Shall worms, inheritors of this excess, Eat up thy charge? is this thy body's end? Then soul, live thou upon thy servant's loss, And let that pine to aggravate thy store. Buy terms divine in selling hours of dross, Within be fed, without be rich no more: So shall thou feed on Death, that feeds on men, And Death once dead, there's no more dying then 说明：第二行的［Fool'd by］these rebel powers that thee array原为My sinful earth these rebel powers array，这样My sinful earth显然重复。对此，注家持见各异。马隆（Malone）和克雷格（Craig）都认为显系误排，改为Fool‘d by。但也有人认为这有篡改之嫌，强调诗歌中虽有重复一病，但也应具体而论，不应一概否定。
1莎士比亚十四行诗文献综述
莎士比亚十四行诗文献综述 莎士比亚是英国文艺复兴时期最伟大的诗人、剧作家。他在世界文坛上享有极高的声誉。他的作品让全世界的读者叹为观止。他的十四行诗更是精妙绝伦，影响了一代又一代的文人墨客。读十四行诗，我们不仅感受其语言的优美，还能促动心灵，捕捉灵魂，让人沉醉。对莎士比亚的作品的评论从18世纪开始直到今天，我们看到了时代的变迁，评论家或褒或贬的评论给学术界提供了丰富的参考资料。 在诗人世界里，莎士比亚是一位大家，他是欧洲文艺复兴时期的巨擘，他不仅以他的剧作享有盛名，他的诗作在文学历史上也有极高的地位，莎士比亚的诗感情丰富，思想深邃，讴歌这着爱情友情，和人类的伟大创造，拥有独特的魅力。 从十四行诗诞生开始，就受到了人们的广泛关注。 十四行诗又名商籁体，是欧洲的一种抒情诗体，原兴起于意大利，16世纪上半叶传入英国。据说，将其引进的是意大利著名十四行诗人彼拉特克的两位模仿者怀阿特和萨利。但是他二人都未能将这一诗体发扬光大，只来得及指点一下方向便不幸夭折了。怀阿特在伦敦塔里被关押了5年，获释后很快就去世了；萨利则死于断头台下。十四行诗的真正繁荣是在16世纪90年代，它是随着英国文艺复兴运动的高涨而达到高峰的。当时，英国诗人们十分喜欢这种诗体，因为它多采取连续性的组诗形式，紧凑集中，格律严谨。尤其是锡德尼德《阿斯特罗诽尔和斯黛拉》刊行问世之后，十四行诗体突然风行一时，成为英国最为流行的诗歌形式。当时追逐这种文学时尚的人很多，在1592年至1597年这5年间，英国共发表了2500多首十四行诗，这一时期写出但没有发表的诗歌数目简直是个天文数字。 莎士比亚的十四行诗之所以吸引了古往今来的众多读者，主要原因是因为其诗的“甜蜜”，即它们用悦耳动听的语言音韵赞颂了世间最为美好的情感——友谊和爱情。诗集主要涉及三个人物：诗人、“年轻朋友”和“黑肤女郎”。154首诗大体分为两部分，第一部分从第127首至第152首，是献给“黑肤女郎”的。最
William Shakespeare莎士比亚代表诗歌翻译及赏析
2011—2012第一学期 实践教学
William Shakespeare William Shakespeare (26 April 1564- 23 April 1616) was an English poet and playwright. He was widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. His surviving works, including some collaboration, consist of about 38 plays, 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems, and several other poems. His plays have been translated into every major living language and are performed more often than those of any other playwright. Shakespeare was born and raised in Stratford-upon-Avon. At the age of 18, he married Anne Hathaway, with whom he had three children: Susanna, and twins Hamnet and Judith. Between 1585 and 1592, he began a successful career in London as an actor, writer, and part owner of a playing company called the Lord Chamberlain's Men, later known as the King's Men. Shakespeare produced most of his known work between 1589 and 1613. His early plays were mainly comedies and histories, genres he raised to the peak of sophistication and artistry by the end of the 16th century. He then wrote mainly tragedies until about 1608, including Hamlet, King Lear, Othello, and Macbeth, considered some of the famous works. Shakespeare was a respected poet and playwright in his own day, but his reputation did not rise to its present heights until the 19th century. In the 20th century, his work was repeatedly adopted and rediscovered by new movements in scholarship and performance. His plays remain highly popular today and are constantly studied, performed and reinterpreted in diverse cultural and political contexts throughout the world. （Sonnet1 和sonnet5的相关资料由张文瑞提供） Sonnet 1
莎士比亚十四行诗第十八首的英文评论和赏析[珍藏版】
莎士比亚十四行诗第十八首的英文评论和赏析 18 18 我是否可以把你比喻成夏天？Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? 虽然你比夏天更可爱更温和：Thou art more lovely and more temperate: 狂风会使五月娇蕾红消香断，Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, 夏天拥有的时日也转瞬即过；And summer's lease hath all too short a date: 有时天空之巨眼目光太炽热，Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, 它金灿灿的面色也常被遮暗；And often is his gold complexion dimmed, 而千芳万艳都终将凋零飘落，And every fair from fair sometime declines, 被时运天道之更替剥尽红颜；By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed: 但你永恒的夏天将没有止尽，But thy eternal summer shall not fade, 你所拥有的美貌也不会消失，Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st, 死神终难夸口你游荡于死荫，Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade, 当你在不朽的诗中永葆盛时；When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st, 只要有人类生存，或人有眼睛，So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, 我的诗就会流传并赋予你生命。So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.