linux创建lvm裸设备 安装 oracle
linux创建lvm裸设备 安装 oracle
Java代码
1.引用https://www.360docs.net/doc/014102580.html,/viewthread.php?tid=156445&extra=page%3D3
2.
3.下面是在虚拟机上添加一块新硬盘，并创建lvm裸设备给oracle使用的过程，和大家一起学习，有不正确的地方希望指导，谢谢。
4.linux系统是 AS4 update 7
5.实验前，先了解一些基本概念，如下：
6.LVM（Logicl Volume Manager），逻辑卷管理器，通过使用逻辑卷管理器对硬盘存储设备进行管理，可以实现硬盘空间的动态划分和调整。
7.一、 基本概念
8.1、 物理卷-----PV（Physical Volume）
9.物理卷在逻辑卷管理中处于最底层，它可以是实际物理硬盘上的分区，也可以是整个物理硬盘。
10.2、 卷组--------VG（Volumne Group）
11.卷组建立在物理卷之上，一个卷组中至少要包括一个物理卷，在卷组建立之后可动态添加物理卷到卷组中。一个逻辑卷管理系统工程中可以只有一个卷组，也可以拥有多个卷组。
12.3、 逻辑卷-----LV（Logical Volume）
13.逻辑卷建立在卷组之上，卷组中的未分配空间可以用于建立新的逻辑卷，逻辑卷建立后可以动态地扩展和缩小空间。系统中的多个逻辑卷可以属于同一个卷组，也可以属于不同的多个卷组。
14.4、 物理区域--PE（Physical Extent）
15.物理区域是物理卷中可用于分配的最小存储单元，物理区域的大小可根据实际情况在建立物理卷时指定。物理区域大小一旦确定将不能更改，同一卷组中的所有物理卷的物理区域大小需要一致。
16.5、 逻辑区域—LE（Logical Extent）
17.逻辑区域是逻辑卷中可用于分配的最小存储单元，逻辑区域的大小取决于逻辑卷所在卷组中的物理区域的大小。
18.6、 卷组描述区域-----（Volume Group Descriptor Area）
19.卷组描述区域存在于每个物理卷中，用于描述物理卷本身、物理卷所属卷组、卷组中的逻辑卷及逻辑卷中物理区域的分配等所有信息，卷组描述区域是在使用pvcreate建立物理卷时建立的。
20.二、实战操作
21.1.在虚拟机上添加一块硬盘，进入系统创建分区
22.[root@rles ~]# fdisk -l --查看现在有分区
23.Disk /dev/hda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
24.255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
25.Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
26. Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
27./dev/hda1 * 1 1912 15358108+ 83 Linux
28./dev/hda2 1913 2173 2096482+ 82 Linux swap
29./dev/hda3 2174 2610 3510202+ 83 Linux
30.Disk /dev/hdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes --可以看到这个设备还没有分区
31.16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4161 cylinders
32.Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 byte
s
33.Disk /dev/hdb doesn't contain a valid partition table
34.[root@rles ~]# df -h
35.Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
36./dev/hda1 15G 7.5G 6.3G 55% /
37.none 553M 0 553M 0% /dev/shm
38./dev/hda3 3.3G 98M 3.1G 4% /tmp
39.[root@rles ~]#
40.[root@rles ~]#
41.[root@rles ~]#
42.[root@rles ~]# fdisk /dev/hdb --为设备分区，下面是分区的过程
43.Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
44.Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
45.until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
46.content won't be recoverable.
47.The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 4161.
48.There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
49.and could in certain setups cause problems with:
50.1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
51.2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
52. (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
53.Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
https://www.360docs.net/doc/014102580.html,mand (m for help): m
https://www.360docs.net/doc/014102580.html,mand action
56. a toggle a bootable flag
57. b edit bsd disklabel
58. c toggle the dos compatibility flag
59. d delete a partition
60. l list known partition types
61. m print this menu
62. n add a new partition
63. o create a new empty DOS partition table
64. p print the partition table
65. q quit without saving changes
66. s create a new empty Sun disklabel
67. t change a partition's system id
68. u change display/entry units
69. v verify the partition table
70. w write table to disk and exit
71. x extra functionality (experts only)
https://www.360docs.net/doc/014102580.html,mand (m for help): l -输入字母L查看分区类型
73.0 Empty 1e Hidden W95 FAT1 75 PC/IX be Solaris boot
74.1 FAT12 24 NEC DOS 80 Old Minix bf Solaris
75.2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 81 Minix / old Lin c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
76.3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 82 Linux swap c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
77.4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 83 Linux c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
78.5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 84 OS/2 hidden C: c7 Syrinx
79.6 FAT16 42 SFS 85 Linux extended da Non-FS data
80.7 HPFS/NTFS 4d QNX4.x 86 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .
81.8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 87 NTFS volume set de Dell Utility
82.9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt
83.a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access
84.b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O
85.c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
52 CP/M 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor
86.e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs
87.f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a5 FreeBSD ee EFI GPT
88.10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/
89.11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b
90.12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor
91.14 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor
92.16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary
93.17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fd Linux raid auto
94.18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fe LANstep
95.1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid ff BBT
96.1c Hidden W95 FAT3
https://www.360docs.net/doc/014102580.html,mand (m for help): n
https://www.360docs.net/doc/014102580.html,mand action
99. e extended
100. p primary partition (1-4) --这里让输入主分区或者扩展分区，我输入p，表示主分区
101.p
102.Partition number (1-4): 4
103.First cylinder (1-4161, default 1): --第几个主分区，这里应该输入1，不过测试也没关系
https://www.360docs.net/doc/014102580.html,ing default value 1
https://www.360docs.net/doc/014102580.html,st cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-4161, default 4161):
https://www.360docs.net/doc/014102580.html,ing default value 4161
https://www.360docs.net/doc/014102580.html,mand (m for help): w --这里输入w表示write table to disk and exit
108.The partition table has been altered!
109.Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
110.Syncing disks.
111.2.查看系统信息，并创建pv
112.[root@rles ~]# fdisk -l
113.Disk /dev/hda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
114.255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
115.Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
116. Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
117./dev/hda1 * 1 1912 15358108+ 83 Linux
118./dev/hda2 1913 2173 2096482+ 82 Linux swap
119./dev/hda3 2174 2610 3510202+ 83 Linux
120.Disk /dev/hdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
121.16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4161 cylinders
122.Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
123. Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
124./dev/hdb4 1 4161 2097112+ 83 Linux
125.[root@rles ~]# pvcreate /dev/hdb4 --创建pv
126. Physical volume "/dev/hdb4" successfully created
127.[root@rles ~]# pvdisplay /dev/hdb4 --查看pv信息
128. "/dev/hdb4" is a new physical volume of "2.00 GB"
129. --- NEW Physical volume ---
130. PV Name /dev/hdb4
131. VG Name
132. PV Size 2.00 GB
133. Allocatable NO
134. PE Size (KByte) 0
135. Total PE 0
136. Free PE 0
137
. Allocated PE 0
138. PV UUID SPLedg-E05Q-nmXf-kwz9-Wbd9-Ci0a-0gwliT
139.
140.[root@rles ~]# ls -l /dev/hdb4
141.brw-rw---- 1 root disk 3, 68 Jun 5 20:48 /dev/hdb4
142.3.创建vg
143.[root@rles ~]# vgcreate oradata /dev/hdb4
144. Volume group "oradata" successfully created
145.[root@rles ~]# ls -l /dev/hdb4
146.brw-rw---- 1 root disk 3, 68 Jun 5 20:48 /dev/hdb4
147.[root@rles ~]#
148.4.创建lv
149.[root@rles ~]# lvcreate -n system01 -L 2040M oradata
150. Logical volume "system01" created
151.[root@rles ~]# ls -l /dev/hdb4
152.brw-rw---- 1 root disk 3, 68 Jun 5 20:48 /dev/hdb4
153.[root@rles ~]# ls -l /dev/oradata/
154.total 0
155.lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 28 Jun 5 22:54 system01 -> /dev/mapper/oradata-system01
156.[root@rles ~]#
157.[root@rles ~]# lvremove /dev/oradata/system01 --删除lv
158.Do you really want to remove active logical volume "system01"? [y/n]: y
159. Logical volume "system01" successfully removed
160.[root@rles ~]#
161.[root@rles ~]# ls -l /dev/oradata/
162.ls: /dev/oradata/: No such file or directory
163.[root@rles ~]# lvcreate -n system01 -L 2040M oradata
164. Logical volume "system01" created
165.[root@rles ~]# ls -l /dev/oradata/
166.total 0
167.lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 28 Jun 5 22:55 system01 -> /dev/mapper/oradata-system01
168.[root@rles ~]#
169.[root@rles ~]#
170.5.绑定裸设备 ra
171.[root@rles oradata]# raw /dev/raw/raw1 /dev/mapper/oradata-system01 --注意，之前是没有/dev/raw目录的，执行后会自动创建
172./dev/raw/raw1: bound to major 253, minor 0
173.[root@rles oradata]#
174.[root@rles oradata]# ls -l /oradata/
175.total 4
176.drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jun 5 23:21 system01
177.[root@rles oradata]# raw -qa --查询裸设备
178./dev/raw/raw1: bound to major 253, minor 0
179.6.为了保证重启后，可以挂载裸设备，修改下面文件，添加内容
180.[root@rles oradata]# cat /etc/sysconfig/rawdevices
181.# This file and interface are deprecated.
182.# Applications needing raw device access should open regular
183.# block devices with O_DIRECT.
184.# raw device bindings
185.# format:
186.#
187.# example: /dev/raw/raw1 /dev/sda1
188.# /dev/raw/raw2 8 5
189./dev/raw/raw1 /dev/mapper/oradata-system01
190.7.重启裸设备服务，验证是否能挂载
191.[root@rles oradata]# /etc/init.d/rawdevices restart --重启裸设备服务
192.Assigning devices:
193. /dev/raw/raw1 --> /dev/mapper/oradata-system01
194./dev/raw/raw1: bound to major 253, minor 0
195.done
196.[root@rles oradata]#
197.[root@rles oradata]# ls -l /dev/mapper/
198.total 0
199.crw------- 1 root root 10, 63 Jun 5 23:24 control
200.brw-rw---- 1 root disk 253, 0 Jun 5
23:24 oradata-system01
201.[root@rles oradata]#
202.8.切换到oracle用户，测试在是否能在裸设备上创建表空间
203.[root@rles oradata]# su - oracle
204.[oracle@rles ~]$ sqlplus '/as sysdba'
205.SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Jun 5 23:41:39 2010
206.Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
207.Connected to an idle instance.
208.SQL> startup
209.ORACLE instance started.
210.Total System Global Area 159383552 bytes
211.Fixed Size 1218268 bytes
212.Variable Size 142608676 bytes
213.Database Buffers 12582912 bytes
214.Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
215.Database mounted.
216.Database opened.
217.SQL> set linesize 121
218.SQL> select * from v$tablespace;
219. TS# NAME INC BIG FLA ENC
220.---------- ------------------------------ --- --- --- ---
221. 0 SYSTEM YES NO YES
222. 11 UNDOTBS01 YES NO YES
223. 2 SYSAUX YES NO YES
224. 4 USERS YES NO YES
225. 6 EXAMPLE YES NO YES
226. 19 DEMO YES NO YES
227. 8 STATSPACK YES NO YES
228. 3 TEMP NO NO YES
229. 25 TESTING_LMT_ASSM YES NO YES
230. 9 TEST YES NO YES
231. 27 TEST_UNIFORM YES NO YES
232.11 rows selected.
233.SQL> create tablespace raw datafile '/dev/mapper/oradata-system01'; --这里看来不能用这个名字
234.create tablespace raw datafile '/dev/mapper/oradata-system01'
235. *
236.ERROR at line 1:
237.ORA-02216: tablespace name expected
238.SQL> create tablespace raw_test datafile '/dev/mapper/oradata-system01'; --这里报错可以看到是权限不足，下面我们修改权限
239.create tablespace raw_test datafile '/dev/mapper/oradata-system01'
240.*
241.ERROR at line 1:
242.ORA-01119: error in creating database file '/dev/mapper/oradata-system01'
243.ORA-27041: unable to open file
244.Linux Error: 13: Permission denied
245.Additional information: 1
246.SQL> exit
247.Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
248.With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
249.[oracle@rles ~]$ exit
250.logout
251.[root@rles oradata]#
252.9.给新创建的裸设备增加权限，以使oracle能使用
253.[root@rles oradata]# cd /dev/mapper/
254.[root@rles mapper]# ls -l
255.total 0
256.crw------- 1 root root 10, 63 Jun 5 23:24 control
257.brw-rw---- 1 root disk 253, 0 Jun 5 23:24 oradata-system01
258.[root@rles mapper]# ls -l /dev/raw
259.total 0
260.crw-rw---- 1 root disk 1
62, 1 Jun 5 23:34 raw1
261.[root@rles mapper]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /dev/mapper/oradata-system01
262.[root@rles mapper]# ls -l
263.total 0
264.crw------- 1 root root 10, 63 Jun 5 23:24 control
265.brw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 253, 0 Jun 5 23:24 oradata-system01
266.[root@rles mapper]# ls -l /dev/raw
267.total 0
268.crw-rw---- 1 root disk 162, 1 Jun 5 23:34 raw1
269.[root@rles mapper]#
270.[root@rles mapper]# su - oracle
271.[oracle@rles ~]$ sqlplus '/as sysdba'
272.SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Jun 5 23:48:50 2010
273.Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
274.Connected to:
275.Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
276.With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
277.SQL> set linesize 121
278.SQL> create tablespace raw_test datafile '/dev/mapper/oradata-system01'; --有了权限后，可以创建了
279.Tablespace created.
280.SQL>
281.SQL> col file_name format a50
282.SQL> col tablespace_name format a15
283.SQL> select file_name,tablespace_name,bytes/1024/1024 "TBS_Size" from dba_data_files where tablespace_name='RAW_TEST';
284.FILE_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME TBS_Size
285.-------------------------------------------------- --------------- ----------
286./dev/mapper/oradata-system01 RAW_TEST 2039.99219
287.SQL>
288.SQL> select * from v$tablespace;
289. TS# NAME INC BIG FLA ENC
290.---------- ------------------------------ --- --- --- ---
291. 0 SYSTEM YES NO YES
292. 11 UNDOTBS01 YES NO YES
293. 2 SYSAUX YES NO YES
294. 4 USERS YES NO YES
295. 6 EXAMPLE YES NO YES
296. 19 DEMO YES NO YES
297. 8 STATSPACK YES NO YES
298. 3 TEMP NO NO YES
299. 25 TESTING_LMT_ASSM YES NO YES
300. 30 RAW_TEST YES NO YES
301. 9 TEST YES NO YES
302. TS# NAME INC BIG FLA ENC
303.---------- ------------------------------ --- --- --- ---
304. 27 TEST_UNIFORM YES NO YES
305.12 rows selected.
306.SQL> drop tablespace raw_test; --裸设备上drop表空间，不需要带including ... and ... ，否则会连裸设备也删除了
307.Tablespace dropped.
308.SQL> select * from v$tablespace;
309. TS# NAME INC BIG FLA ENC
310.---------- ------------------------------ --- --- --- ---
311. 0 SYSTEM YES NO YES
312. 11 UNDOTBS01 YES NO YES
313.
2 SYSAUX YES NO YES
314. 4 USERS YES NO YES
315. 6 EXAMPLE YES NO YES
316. 19 DEMO YES NO YES
317. 8 STATSPACK YES NO YES
318. 3 TEMP NO NO YES
319. 25 TESTING_LMT_ASSM YES NO YES
320. 9 TEST YES NO YES
321. 27 TEST_UNIFORM YES NO YES
322.11 rows selected.
323.SQL>
324.
325.
326.
327.上面例子在重启后，raw权限会失效，下面是解决方法
328.下面主要修改了两个文件：
329.1./etc/rc.local
330.2./etc/udev/permissions.d/50-udev.permissions
331.[root@rles ~]# raw -qa
332./dev/raw/raw1: bound to major 3, minor 68
333.[root@rles ~]# raw /dev/raw/raw1 0 0 --取消绑定
334./dev/raw/raw1: bound to major 0, minor 0
335.[root@rles ~]#
336.[root@rles ~]# raw -qa
337.[root@rles ~]#
338.[root@rles ~]# raw /dev/raw/raw1 /dev/mapper/oradata-system01
339./dev/raw/raw1: bound to major 253, minor 0
340.[root@rles ~]# /etc/init.d/rawdevices restart
341.Assigning devices:
342. /dev/raw/raw1 --> /dev/mapper/oradata-system01
343./dev/raw/raw1: bound to major 253, minor 0
344.done
345.[root@rles ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/rawdevices |grep system01
346./dev/raw/raw1 /dev/mapper/oradata-system01
347.[root@rles ~]# raw -qa
348./dev/raw/raw1: bound to major 253, minor 0
349.[root@rles ~]#
350.[root@rles permissions.d]# cat 50-udev.permissions | grep raw/ --这一步使 /dev/raw/raw1 在重启后权限不变
351.raw/*:oracle:oinstall:0660
352.[root@rles mapper]# raw -qa
353./dev/raw/raw1: bound to major 253, minor 0
354.[root@rles mapper]# vgdisplay
355. --- Volume group ---
356. VG Name oradata
357. System ID
358. Format lvm2
359. Metadata Areas 1
360. Metadata Sequence No 4
361. VG Access read/write
362. VG Status resizable
363. MAX LV 0
364. Cur LV 1
365. Open LV 0
366. Max PV 0
367. Cur PV 1
368. Act PV 1
369. VG Size 2.00 GB
370. PE Size 4.00 MB
371. Total PE 511
372. Alloc PE / Size 510 / 1.99 GB
373. Free PE / Size 1 / 4.00 MB
374. VG UUID RkMm1h-oDyk-14E5-VmB5-24Vn-3VTY-46AjFe
375.
376.[root@rles mapper]# lvdisplay
377. --- Logical volume ---
378. LV Name /dev/oradata/system01
379. VG Name oradata
380. LV UUID WWtAI3-Jn1o-kGG0-n8dL-3guH-Zk1j-jXOViT
381. LV Write Access read/write
382. LV Status
available
383. # open 0
384. LV Size 1.99 GB
385. Current LE 510
386. Segments 1
387. Allocation inherit
388. Read ahead sectors auto
389. - currently set to 256
390. Block device 253:0
391.
392.[root@rles mapper]# ls -l /dev/mapper/
393.total 0
394.crw------- 1 root root 10, 63 Jun 7 19:04 control
395.brw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 253, 0 Jun 7 19:04 oradata-system01
396.[root@rles mapper]# ls -l /dev/oradata/
397.total 0
398.lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 28 Jun 7 19:04 system01 -> /dev/mapper/oradata-system01
399.[root@rles mapper]# ls -l /dev/raw
400.total 0
401.crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 1 Jun 7 19:29 raw1
402.[root@rles mapper]#
403.[root@rles mapper]# chown oracle:oinstall /dev/mapper/oradata-system01
404.[root@rles mapper]# ls -l /dev/mapper/
405.total 0
406.crw------- 1 root root 10, 63 Jun 7 19:04 control
407.brw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 253, 0 Jun 7 19:04 oradata-system01
408.[root@rles mapper]# su - oracle
409.[oracle@rles ~]$ sqlplus '/as sysdba'
410.SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Jun 7 19:43:10 2010
411.Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
412.Connected to:
413.Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
414.With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
415.SQL> create tablespace raw_test datafile '/dev/mapper/oradata-system01';
416.Tablespace created.
417.SQL> drop tablespace raw_test;
418.Tablespace dropped.
419.SQL> exit
420.Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
421.With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
422.--下面修改/etc/rc.local文件，修改后如下
423.[root@rles ~]# cat /etc/rc.local | grep system
424.chown oracle:oinstall /dev/mapper/oradata-system01
425.[root@rles ~]#
426.--下面重启测试权限问题是否解决
427.[root@rles ~]# su - oracle
428.[oracle@rles ~]$ sqlplus '/as sysdba'
429.SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Jun 7 19:53:27 2010
430.Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
431.Connected to:
432.Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
433.With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
434.SQL> shutdown immediate
435.Database closed.
436.Database dismounted.
437.ORACLE instance shut down.
438.SQL> exit
439.Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
440.With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
441.[oracle@rles ~]$ exit
442.logout
443.[root@rles ~]# reboot
444.Broadcast message from root (pts/0) (Mon Jun 7 19:54:38 2010):
445.The system is going down for reboot NOW!
446.[root@rles permissions.d]# ls -l /dev/mapper/ --查看
权限
447.total 0
448.crw------- 1 root root 10, 63 Jun 7 19:56 control
449.brw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 253, 0 Jun 7 19:56 oradata-system01
450.[root@rles permissions.d]# ls -l /dev/oradata/ --查看权限，说明这个对使用没有影响
451.total 0
452.lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 28 Jun 7 19:56 system01 -> /dev/mapper/oradata-system01
453.[root@rles permissions.d]#
454.[root@rles permissions.d]# su - oracle
455.[oracle@rles ~]$ sqlplus '/as sysdba'
456.SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Jun 7 20:01:31 2010
457.Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
458.Connected to an idle instance.
459.SQL> startup
460.ORACLE instance started.
461.Total System Global Area 159383552 bytes
462.Fixed Size 1218268 bytes
463.Variable Size 142608676 bytes
464.Database Buffers 12582912 bytes
465.Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
466.Database mounted.
467.Database opened.
468.SQL>
469.SQL> create tablespace raw_test datafile '/dev/mapper/oradata-system01';
470.Tablespace created.
471.SQL> col file_name format a40
472.SQL>
473.SQL> select file_name,bytes/1024/1024 from dba_data_files where tablespace_name='RAW_TEST';
474.FILE_NAME BYTES/1024/1024
475.---------------------------------------- ---------------
476./dev/mapper/oradata-system01 2039.99219
477.SQL>
裸设备绑定出现“Cannot open master raw device '/dev/rawctl' (No such file or directory)”
博客分类： Linux学习
.
#raw /dev/raw/raw1 /dev/sda13p1
-------错误
Cannot open master raw device
裸设备配置时raw命令报错
现象描述:SLES10 SP3系统下，利用命令
# raw /dev/raw/raw1 /dev/sda13p1挂接裸设备失败。
3、原因分析:
一、可能的原因有：
1、内核编译错误。
2、相关module未安装。
3、相关module未加载。
二、module查询方法：
# zgrep -i raw /proc/config.gz
若返回类似：
CONFIG_IEEE1394_RAWIO=m
CONFIG_IP_NF_RAW=y
CONFIG_IP6_NF_RAW=y
CONFIG_RAW_DRIVER is not set
则是原因1或原因2导致裸设备挂接失败
建议重新部署操作系统。
若返回类似：
CONFIG_IP_NF_RAW=m
CONFIG_IP6_NF_RAW=m
CONFIG_IEEE1394_RAWIO=m
CONFIG_ARCNET_RAW=m
CONFIG_HDLC_RAW=y
CONFIG_HDLC_RAW_ETH=y
CONFIG_SERIO_RAW=m
CONFIG_RAW_DRIVER=m
CONFIG_MAX_RAW_DEVS=4096
CONFIG_SND_RAWMIDI=m
CONFIG_USB_SERIAL_SIERRAWIRELESS=m
则是原因3导致裸设备挂接失败。
4、处理过程:
一、利用命令# raw –qa查询裸设备，返回报错：
Cannot open master raw device '/dev/rawctl' (No such file or directory)；
二、利用命令# zgrep -i raw /proc/config.gz查询模组
返回以下结果：
CONFIG_IP_NF_RAW=m
CONFIG_IP6_NF_RAW=m
CONFIG_IEEE1394_RAWIO=m
CONFIG_ARCNET_RAW=m
CONFIG_HDLC_RAW=y
CONFIG_HDLC_RAW_ETH=y
CONFIG_SERIO_RAW=m
CONFIG_RAW_DRIVER=m
CONFIG_MAX_RAW_DEVS=4096
CONFIG_SND_RAWMIDI=m
CONFIG_USB_SERIAL_SIERRAWIRELESS=m
确定是原因3导致裸设备挂接失败。
3、加载module即可挂接：
# modprobe raw
4、重启之后又会报同样错误，因此需彻底解决。
5、运行Yast配置工具。
# yast2
选择System，选择System Services (Runlevel)。
选择Expert mode，选择raw，勾选B，2，3，5。
配置完成点击Finish保存。
6、总结:建议操作系统部署过程中若有报错，应重新部署。
并且部署好系统后检查必要的module是否加载。
补充：
1. 启动raw方式
/etc/init.d/raw start
2. 设置raw开机自动激活
chkconfig --level 235 raw on
3. 检查raw开机是否自动激活
chkconfig --list | grep raw
复习chkconfig命令:
chkconfig命令主要用来更新（启动或停止）和查询系统服务的运行级信息。谨记chkconfig不是立即自动禁止或激活一个服务，它只是简单的改变了符号连接。
chkconfig --list #列出系统所有的服务启动情况
chkconfig --add httpd #增加httpd服务
chkconfig --del httpd #删除httpd服务
chkconfig --level httpd 2345 on #设置httpd在运行级别为2、3、4、5的情况下都是on（开启）的状态
chkconfig --list mysqld #列出mysqld服务设置情况
chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on #设定mysqld在等级3和5为开机运行服务，--level 35表示操作只在等级3和5执行，on表示启动，off表示关闭
chkconfig mysqld on #设定mysqld在各等级为on，“各等级”包括2、3、4、5等级
--level<等级代号> 指定读系统服务要在哪一个执行等级中开启或关毕。
等级0表示：表示关机
等级1表示：单用户模式
等级2表示：无网络连接的多用户命令行模式
等级3表示：有网络连接的多用户命令行模式
等级4表示：不可用
等级5表示：带图形界面的多用户模式
等级6表示：重新启动
需要说明的是，level选项可以指定要查看的运行级而不一定是当前运行级。对于每个运行级，只能有一个启动脚本或者停止脚本。当切换运行级时，init不会重新启动已经启动的服务，也不会再次去停止已经停止的服务
第一种SUSE Linux IP设置方法
ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.22 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
route add default gw 192.168.1.2